| calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in a crustacean nephrops norvegicus and correlation with calcitonin. | immunoreactive calcitonin-gene-related peptide (ir-cgrp) was detected in the crustacean nephrops norvegicus. high levels of ir-cgrp were present in the foregut and hepatopancreas (3 +/- 0.7 and 4.6 +/- 1.0 micrograms eq per 100 mg of fresh organ, respectively). molecular sieving of acidic extracts of anterior gut of nephrops norvegicus showed a high molecular weight immunoreactive peptide in the range 15,000 to 25,000 da. immunoreactivity related to salmon calcitonin was present in the high mole ... | 1991 | 1879662 |
| tissue and species conservation of the vertebrate and arthropod forms of the low molecular weight (16-18000) proteins of gap junctions. | gap junctions have been isolated from four murine tissues, from rat and xenopus laevis liver, and from nephrops norvegicus (norway lobster) hepatopancreas. the preparations of gap junctions from each vertebrate tissue contain a single major protein, mr 16,000, and those from nephrops hepatopancreas a protein, mr 18,000. immunocytochemical studies using affinity-purified antibodies raised against gap junctions from nephrops show the junctional origin of the 18k protein. immunological studies usin ... | 1988 | 2835165 |
| the occurrence of an anal proprioceptor in the decapod crustacea homarus gammarus (l.) (syn. h. vulgaris m.ed.) and nephrops norvegicus (leach). | | 1970 | 5437500 |
| [identification and cytochemical study of an extranuclear basic protein in the spermatozoa of decapod crustaceans]. | extranuclear basic proteins have been detected in the capsule of the spermatozoa of three species of decapod crustaceans (nephrops norvegicus l., macrura; eupagurus bernhardus l., anomura; carcinus maenas penn., brachyura). their properties have been studied by cytochemical methods. their position inside the capsule of the spermatozoon has been specified with the aid of the electron microscope. present in a constant fashion in the three species cited, their relative importance is very variable. ... | 1967 | 6068078 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of two cdnas encoding cathepsin l-related cysteine proteinases in the nervous system and in the stomach of the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus). | two cathepsin l-related cysteine proteinase molecular clones were isolated from cdna libraries of mrna from the eyestalk nervous system and the stomach of nephrops norvegicus and sequenced. the cdna from nervous system was first obtained by screening an eyestalk cdna library with an oligonucleotide whose sequence derived from the amino acid sequence of a peptide isolated previously and subsequently with the 5' end of the longest cdna probe thus obtained. several clones were isolated and analysed ... | 1995 | 7613761 |
| evidence for a common structure for a class of membrane channels. | electron microscopic analysis of gap-junction-like structures isolated from an anthropod (nephrops norvegicus) and composed of a 16-kda polypeptide, show the functional unit to be a star-shaped hexamer of protein arranged around a central channel which runs perpendicular to the plane of the membrane. estimations of the molecular volume carried out on an averaged projection are consistent with a subunit mass of 16-18 kda. fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicates a high alpha-helical cont ... | 1993 | 7682941 |
| disposition and orientation of ductin (dccd-reactive vacuolar h(+)-atpase subunit) in mammalian membrane complexes. | the disposition and orientation of mouse ductin (the subunit c of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase) in gap junctions has been examined. like the nephrops norvegicus (arthropod) form, mouse ductin in the intact junctional structure is resistant to high levels of nonspecific proteinase, suggesting that it is for the most part buried in the bilayer. antisera to an octapeptide near the n-terminus cross-react with ductins in gap junction preparations from four different mouse tissues, from chicken and xenopu ... | 1993 | 8344379 |
| a lobster cysteine protease with immunoreactivity and activities of calcitonin and cgrp. | the high concentrations of molecules immunologically related to salmon calcitonin (ct) and/or to human calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) in the oesophagus of the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus have been examined. in the present study. we report the purification of these molecules by means of a specific radioimmunoassay for calcitonin and calcitonin gene related peptide. the immunoreactive molecules were tested for their functional similarities with ct and cgrp. this was investigated by ... | 1996 | 9033842 |
| gonad-inhibiting hormone of the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus): cdna cloning, expression, recombinant protein production, and immunolocalization. | the gonad-inhibiting hormone (gih) belongs to a neuropeptide family synthesized and released in a neurohemal complex of crustacean eyestalks. the gih is involved in gonad maturation and plays a more complex role in the control of reproduction and molting. with a combination of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna ends approaches we determined the cdna sequence of the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus prepro gih. the open reading frame of 339 b ... | 2002 | 11891050 |
| functional properties of a hybrid vacuolar h(+)-atpase in saccharomyces cells expressing the nephrops 16-kda proteolipid. | the hydrophobic 16-kda polypeptide which forms gap-junction-like structures in the crustacean nephrops norvegicus is a member of a highly conserved family of proteolipids involved in a variety of membrane transport functions in eukaryotic cells. this family also includes the product of the saccharomyces cerevisiae vma3 gene which encodes an integral membrane component of the vacuolar membrane h(+)-atpase. the cdna for the nephrops proteolipid complements a mutation in the yeast vma3 gene, result ... | 1994 | 8168500 |
| hidden diversity and host specificity in cycliophorans: a phylogeographic analysis along the north atlantic and mediterranean sea. | in order to elucidate the evolutionary history and the population structure of the members of the phylum cycliophora, which live commensally on three species of lobsters, we studied sequence variation in the mitochondrial gene cyctochrome c oxidase subunit i. overall 242 sequences from 16 locations on both coasts of the north atlantic, including the north sea and the mediterranean, were analysed, revealing 28 haplotypes, with a maximum sequence divergence of 16.6%. total genetic diversity was hi ... | 2005 | 16313603 |
| evidence that the 16 kda proteolipid (subunit c) of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase and ductin from gap junctions are the same polypeptide in drosophila and manduca: molecular cloning of the vha16k gene from drosophila. | the 16 kda proteolipid (subunit c) of the eukaryotic vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) is closely related to the ductin polypeptide that forms the connexon channel of gap junctions in the crustacean nephrops norvegicus. here we show that the major protein component of manduca sexta gap junction preparations is a 16 kda polypeptide whose n-terminal sequence is homologous to ductin and is identical to the deduced sequence of a previously cloned cdna from manduca (dow et al., gene, 122, 355-360, 1992 ... | 1994 | 7983150 |
| isolation and characterisation of arthropod gap junctions. | gap junctions have been isolated from the hepatopancreas of the crustacean arthropod, nephrops norvegicus (norway lobster). sds-page of these preparations shows two major protein bands, mol. wt. 18 000 (18 k) and mol. wt. 28 000 (28 k). the 18-k and 28-k proteins are interconvertible, cannot be distinguished by two dimensional tryptic and chymotryptic peptide mapping, and therefore appear to be different (most likely monomeric and dimeric) forms of the same protein. the protein can also aggregat ... | 1984 | 16453559 |
| pigmented marine animal oils: pigments from the angler fish (lophius piscatorius), the prawn (nephrops norvegicus) and the whale. | | 1934 | 16745566 |
| comparison of antibacterial activity in the hemocytes of different crustacean species. | antibacterial activity in hemocytes of the squat lobster, galathea strigosa, the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, the common shrimp, crangon crangon, and the giant antarctic isopod, glyptonotus antarcticus, was investigated in vitro. for all species, the marine bacterium, psychrobacter immobilis, was used as the test organism, although with g. antarcticus, the gram positive bacteria, planococcus citreus and bs 68 (an isolate from antarctic waters), were also used. hemocyte lysate supernatant ... | 1995 | 7866773 |
| antisera against a channel-forming 16 kda protein inhibit dye-coupling and bind to cell membranes in drosophila ovarian follicles. | in drosophila ovarian follicles, communication via gap junctions can be observed between the oocyte and its surrounding follicular epithelium. in the present study, the intercellular exchange of the fluorescent tracer lucifer yellow was analysed following pressure-injections of five different sera or protein solutions into the oocyte of stage-10 follicles. three of the tested sera are directed against a channel-forming 16 kda protein, which is a component of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase and of nephr ... | 1993 | 7691843 |
| immunoreactive salmon calcitonin-like molecule in crustaceans: high concentrations in nephrops norvegicus. | a salmon calcitonin (ct)-like peptide was characterized in various crustaceans by radioimmunological and radioreceptor assays. the highest levels of the molecule were found in the anterior part of the gut and the hepatopancreas of the norway lobster: nephrops norvegicus. molecular sieving of this molecule suggested an apparent molecular weight of 4500 da, that is higher than that of calcitonin. this peptide can be referred to as crustacean calcitonin as it inhibits the binding of labeled salmon ... | 1987 | 3817440 |
| conservation in the first internal transcribed spacer region (its1) in hematodinium species infecting crustacean hosts found in the uk and newfoundland. | parasitic dinoflagellates in the genus hematodinium infect a number of decapod crustaceans in waters off the uk, including the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus and the edible crab cancer pagurus. this study investigated sequence variability in the first internal transcribed spacer (its1) region of the ribosomal rna complex of hematodinium spp. infecting n. norvegicus, c. pagurus, and pagurus bernhardus from 4 locations in the uk and from the hematodinium sp. infecting chionoecetes opilio from ... | 2007 | 17629120 |
| interaction of spin-labeled inhibitors of the vacuolar h+-atpase with the transmembrane vo-sector. | the osteoclast variant of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) is a potential therapeutic target for combating the excessive bone resorption that is involved in osteoporosis. the most potent in a series of synthetic inhibitors based on 5-(5,6-dichloro-2-indolyl)-2-methoxy-2,4-pentadienamide (indol0) has demonstrated specificity for the osteoclast enzyme, over other v-atpases. interaction of two nitroxide spin-labeled derivatives (indol6 and indol5) with the v-atpase is studied here by using the t ... | 2008 | 17872954 |
| molecular structure of the gap junctional channel. | the proteins in various gap junctional preparations from rodent liver have been analysed by two-dimensional peptide mapping and immunoblotting. only the protein of relative molecular mass (mr) 16,000 (16k) is found in all gap junctional isolates, and it is unrelated to the 27k protein. the absence of the 27k protein and any of its fragments from trypsin-treated preparations suggests that this protein does not directly contribute to gap junctional structure. peptide mapping and immunoblotting of ... | 1987 | 3030674 |
| sifamide peptides in clawed lobsters and freshwater crayfish (crustacea, decapoda, astacidea): a combined molecular, mass spectrometric and electrophysiological investigation. | recently, we identified the peptide vyrkppfngsifamide (val(1)-sifamide) in the stomatogastric nervous system (stns) of the american lobster homarus americanus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-fourier transform mass spectrometry (maldi-ftms). given that h. americanus is the only species thus far shown to possess this peptide, and that a second sifamide isoform, gly(1)-sifamide, is broadly conserved in other decapods, including another astacidean, the crayfish procambarus clarkii, ... | 2008 | 18308319 |
| extracellular proteases and possible disease related virulence mechanisms of two marine bacteria implicated in an opportunistic bacterial infection of nephrops norvegicus. | the extracellular products (ecp) secreted by two strains of gram-negative bacteria isolated from nephrops norvegicus exhibiting signs of an opportunistic bacterial infection were investigated with the objective of understanding their role in the spoilage of host muscle tissue and identifying disease related virulence mechanisms. ecp from vibrio sp. demonstrated no proteolytic activity. ecp from pseudoalteromonas sp. (isolate n10) degraded several substrates, including azocasein and host muscle t ... | 2008 | 18617185 |
| structure and biological activity of crustacean gastrointestinal peptides identified with antibodies to gastrin/cholecystokinin. | four gastrin/cholecystokinin-like peptides (g/cck) which cross-react with a specific c-terminal gastrin/cck antiserum have been isolated from the stomach of the marine crustacean nephrops norvegicus. the molecular weight of the four peptides was estimated between 1000 and 2000 da by molecular sieving. by radioimmunoassay, the cross-reactivity of these peptides with human gastrin 17-i was found to be around 0.03%. pure peptidic fractions were recovered after four successive steps of hplc. amino-a ... | 1991 | 1747388 |
| progesterone metabolism in vitro in the decapod crustacean, penaeus monodon. | thin-layer chromatography (tlc) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) with on-line detection of radioactive steroids were applied to identify metabolites of [4-14c]progesterone incubated in vitro with prawn ovary. there was extensive metabolism of progesterone by stage ii (vitellogenic) ovary of penaeus monodon. the most abundant metabolites were 5 alpha-pregnane derivatives together with two minor metabolites, 20 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one and 1,4-pregnadiene-3, ... | 1992 | 1398023 |
| a parasitic scuticociliate infection in the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus). | a histophagous ciliate infection was discovered in a number of norway lobsters (nephrops norvegicus) from the clyde sea area, scotland. silver-carbonate staining of cultured ciliates revealed an oral apparatus and additional structural features that are morphologically similar to scuticociliates in the genus mesanophrys, which are known to parasitize crustaceans. however, ribosomal dna sequences (its1/5.8s/its2) of the ciliate were identical to orchitophyra stellarum, a parasitic scuticociliate ... | 2005 | 16216262 |
| a review of the parasitic dinoflagellates hematodinium species and hematodinium-like infections in marine crustaceans. | parasitic dinoflagellates in the genus hematodinium are important parasites of marine crustacea. outbreaks of these parasites have damaged commercial stocks of norway lobster nephrops norvegicus, snow crab chionoecetes opilio, tanner crab c. bairdi, american blue crab callinectes sapidus, and velvet swimming crab necora puber. species of hematodinium can reach high enough levels to regulate their host populations, but mortalities are also centred on the unfished juveniles and females, hosts not ... | 2005 | 16175968 |
| immunocytochemistry of the nervous system and the musculature of the chordoid larva of symbion pandora (cycliophora). | to date, the phylum cycliophora comprises only one described extant species of acoelomate marine invertebrates, symbion pandora. adult specimens live commensally on the mouthparts of the norwegian lobster, nephrops norvegicus. its complicated life cycle includes an asexually produced pandora larva and a sexually produced chordoid larva. despite detailed tem investigations and its inclusion in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, cycliophoran relationships still remain enigmatic. in order to i ... | 2005 | 15986410 |
| alkylphenols and alkylphenol ethoxylates contamination of crustaceans and fishes from the adriatic sea (italy). | this paper presents the results of an investigation on the occurrence of alkylphenols (aps) and their ethoxylates (apes) in 8 edible marine species from the adriatic sea and tries to estimate the corresponding intake for the italian population. two crustaceans, nephrops norvegicus (norway lobster) and squilla mantis (spottail mantis shrimp), plus six fish species, engraulis enchrascicolus (anchovy), scomber scombrus (atlantic mackerel), merluccius merluccius (european hake), mullus barbatus (red ... | 2005 | 15833488 |
| interaction of inhibitors of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase with the transmembrane vo-sector. | the macrolide antibiotic concanamycin a and a designed derivative of 5-(2-indolyl)-2,4-pentadienamide (indol0) are potent inhibitors of vacuolar h(+)-atpases, with ic(50) values in the low and medium nanomolar range, respectively. interaction of these v-atpase inhibitors with spin-labeled subunit c in the transmembrane v(o)-sector of the atpase was studied by using the transport-active 16-kda proteolipid analogue of subunit c from the hepatopancreas of nephrops norvegicus. analogous experiments ... | 2004 | 15379568 |
| study of the distribution of trace elements in six species of marine organisms of the ligurian sea (north-western mediterranean)--comparison with previous findings. | this paper presents the results of the determination of several trace elements (total and organic mercury, selenium, cadmium, lead, copper, manganese and zinc) in six species of marine organisms (nephrops norvegicus, engraulis encrasicolus, mullus barbatus, mullus surmuletus, merluccius merluccius, and sarda sarda), sampled in the ligurian sea (north-west mediterranean) during a three-year period, from 1998 to 2000. the species analysed (388 samples) are the same studied in previous investigatio ... | 2004 | 15347201 |
| serological affinities of the oyster pathogen perkinsus marinus (apicomplexa) with some dinoflagellates (dinophyceae). | the protozoan oyster pathogen perkinsus marinus is classified in the phylum apicomplexa, although molecular-genetic and ultrastructural evidence increasingly concur on its closer phylogenetic relationship with the dinoflagellates. to test for evidence of serological epitopes common to p. marinus and dinoflagellates, we probed 19 free-living and 8 parasitic dinoflagellate, or dinoflagellate-like, species for cross-reactivity with polyclonal antibodies to p. marinus. three of 19 free-living dinofl ... | 2002 | 11908893 |
| identification, characterization, and diel pattern of expression of canonical clock genes in nephrops norvegicus (crustacea: decapoda) eyestalk. | the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, is a burrowing decapod with a rhythmic burrow emergence (24 h) governed by the circadian system. it is an important resource for european fisheries and its behavior deeply affects its availability. the current knowledge of nephrops circadian biology is phenomenological as it is currently the case for almost all crustaceans. in attempt to elucidate the putative molecular mechanisms underlying circadian gene regulation in nephrops, we used a transcriptomics ... | 2015 | 26524198 |
| a compendium of causative agents of occupational asthma. | the objective is to provide an evidence-based compendium of allergenic and irritant agents that are known to cause occupational asthma in order to improve diagnostics and disease management. | 2013 | 23706060 |
| allergens causing occupational asthma: an evidence-based evaluation of the literature. | the aim of this work is to provide an evidence-based evaluation and overview of causative substances in order to improve disease management. | 2014 | 23595938 |
| an antibody to recombinant crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone of nephrops norvegicus cross-reacts with neuroendocrine organs of several taxa of malacostracan crustacea. | the crustacean hyperglycaemic hormones (chhs) are multifunctional neuropeptides that play a central role in the physiology of crustaceans. a partial cdna coding for chh of the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, was cloned; this cdna was fused to glutathione- s-transferase (gst) to obtain a recombinant fusion protein that was used to raise a rabbit antiserum and to perform a biological assay. the specificity of the purified antibody was demonstrated by means of western blotting. to validate the ... | 2002 | 11845331 |
| total, organic, and inorganic arsenic in some commercial species of crustaceans from the mediterranean sea (italy). | total, organic, and inorganic arsenic were measured in the flesh of different crustacean species: parapenaeus longirostris, aristeus antennatus, plesionika martia, and nephrops norvegicus, species extensively commercialized and widely consumed as food. among the different species of crustaceans, the highest mean value of total arsenic was detected in n. norvegicus (45.00 microg g(-1) dry wt), followed by p. martia (40.76 microg g(-1) dry wt), p. longirostris (34.00 microg g(-1) dry wt), and a. a ... | 2001 | 11726176 |
| shelf life extension of whole norway lobster nephrops norvegicus using modified atmosphere packaging. | once a nuisance by-catch, today the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) is a valuable uk fisheries commodity. unfortunately, the species is very susceptible to quality deterioration post harvest as it quickly develops black spots and also spoils rapidly due to bacterial growth. treatment with chemicals can stop the blackening and carefully monitored cold storage can result in a sensory shelf life of up to 6.5 days. the high susceptibility to spoilage greatly restricts the extent to which n. nor ... | 2013 | 24201017 |
| e5 transforming proteins of papillomaviruses do not disturb the activity of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase. | papillomaviruses contain a gene, e5, that encodes a short hydrophobic polypeptide that has transforming activity. e5 proteins bind to the 16 kda subunit c (proteolipid) of the eukaryotic vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase) and this binding is thought to disturb the v-atpase and to be part of transformation. this link has been examined in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the e5 proteins from human papillomavirus (hpv) type 16, bovine papillomavirus (bpv) type 1, bpv-4 e5 and various mutants of e5 ... | 2001 | 11562529 |
| development and characterization of primary cell cultures from the hematopoietic tissues of the dublin bay prawn, nephrops norvegicus. | improved maintenance in vitro of the hematopoietic tissue of the dublin bay prawn nephrops norvegicus (l.) resulted by using 10% (v/v) 2x leibovitz's medium prepared in seawater (salinity = 25 per thousand), and supplemented with 10% (v/v) heat inactivated fetal bovine serum plus 5% (v/v) nephrops serum or 5% (v/v) nephrops muscle extract, and 0.06 g/l of l-proline and 1 g/l of glucose. pronase at 100 microg/ml improved tissue dissociation and subsequent spreading of hematopoietic cell cultures. ... | 2000 | 11549939 |
| effect of low doses of ionizing radiation on cells cultured from the hematopoietic tissue of the dublin bay prawn, nephrops norvegicus. | explant cultures from the hematopoietic tissue of the dublin bay prawn, nephrops norvegicus, were exposed to low doses of (60)co gamma radiation. cells growing from the explants were examined 7 days after irradiation using light and transmission electron microscopy and were also tested for their ability to produce signals indicative of a bystander effect. the exposed cultures displayed pronounced damage and were orders of magnitude more sensitive than the data in the literature would suggest for ... | 2001 | 11500133 |
| interaction of cysteine proteases with calciotropic hormone receptors. | the effect of two cysteine proteases: papain and a cathepsin l-like enzyme purified from the oesophagus of nephrops norvegicus (ncp) was studied on the specific binding of calcitonin (ct) and calcitonin gene related peptide (cgrp) to rat kidney and liver membranes, respectively. in addition, the response of adenylyl cyclase to increasing concentrations of these two enzymes was investigated. each protease inhibited the initial cgrp and ct binding to rat liver and kidney membranes, respectively, i ... | 2001 | 11239837 |
| lipopolysaccharide-induced hyperglycemia is mediated by chh release in crustaceans. | septicemia in crustaceans may occur occasionally due to gram-negative opportunistic bacteria, especially under conditions of intensive aquaculture. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) endotoxin induces in mammals septic shock and the activation by lps of hormone release through the hypothalamo-pituitary axis is well known. in crustaceans an increase in circulating crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and hyperglycemia are reported to result from exposure to several environmental stressors but the metabolic ... | 1997 | 9405116 |
| cloning and expression of cathepsin l-like proteinases in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp penaeus vannamei during the intermolt cycle. | cysteine protease activities have been characterized with benzyloxycarbonyl-lysine p-nitrophenyl ester as a synthetic substrate and e64 as a specific inhibitor in the hepatopancreas of the shrimp penaeus vannamei. an optimum ph of 5.1 has been measured. to characterize these cysteine proteases, a hepatopancreas cdna library was screened by hybridization to a norway lobster cysteine protease cdna fragment. two cdnas encoding p. vannamei cysteine protease precursors have been cloned and sequenced. ... | 1996 | 8870262 |
| interaction of dibutyltin-3-hydroxyflavone bromide with the 16 kda proteolipid indicates the disposition of proton translocation sites of the vacuolar atpase. | the organotin complex dibutyltin-3-hydroxyflavone bromide [bu2sn(of)br] has been shown to bind to the 16 kda proteolipid of nephrops norvegicus, either in the form of the native protein or after heterologous expression in saccharomyces and assembly into a hybrid vacuolar h(+)-atpase. titration of bu2sn(of)br against the 16 kda proteolipid results in a marked fluorescence enhancement, consistent with binding to a single affinity site on the protein. vacuolar atpase-dependent atp hydrolysis was al ... | 1996 | 8713068 |
| the first putative transmembrane helix of the 16 kda proteolipid lines a pore in the vo sector of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase. | the 16 kda proteolipid is the major component of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase membrane sector, responsible for proton translocation. expression of a related proteolipid from the arythropod nephrops norvegicus in a saccharomyces strain in which the vma3 gene for the endogenous proteolipid has been disrupted results in restored vacuolar h(+)-atpase function. we have used this complementation system, coupled to cysteine substitution mutagenesis and protein chemistry, to investigate structural features ... | 1995 | 8554514 |
| monitoring the prestige oil spill impacts on some key species of the northern iberian shelf. | selected key components of the continental shelf benthic and demersal communities were monitored for the two years following the prestige oil spill (pos) in order to identify the possible ecological effects of the oil. this work includes the first results regarding changes in abundance, distribution and food habits of hake (merluccius merluccius), four-spot megrim (lepidorhombus boscii), norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) and pandalid shrimp (plesionika heterocarpus) populations of galician an ... | 2006 | 16343555 |
| polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine organisms from the adriatic sea, italy. | polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) were analyzed in bivalves (mitylus galloprovincialis), cephalopods (todarodes sagittatus), crustaceans (nephrops norvegicus) and fish (mullus barbatus, scomber scombrus, micromesistius poutassou, merluccius merluccius) in several pools coming from the central adriatic sea. these marine organisms were selected because of their multitude, wide distribution and common use in the italian diet, they were sampled and analyzed during the year 2004. acenaphthene, ... | 2007 | 16962639 |
| defining and detecting undesirable disturbance in the context of marine eutrophication. | an understanding of undesirable disturbance to the balance of organisms is needed to diagnose marine eutrophication as defined by eu directives and ospar. this review summarizes the findings of the uk defra-funded undesirable disturbance study team, which concluded that 'an undesirable disturbance is a perturbation of a marine ecosystem that appreciably degrades the health or threatens the sustainable human use of that ecosystem'. a methodology is proposed for detecting disturbance of temperate ... | 2007 | 17011591 |
| differences in enzyme activities between two species of hematodinium, parasitic dinoflagellates of crustaceans. | parasitic dinoflagellates of the genus hematodinium infect several commercially important decapod crustaceans. different species of hematodinium have different levels of virulence in their respective hosts. enzyme activities were studied from two species of hematodinium, one isolated from the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) and the other from the american blue crab (callinectes sapidus). we report the identification of differences in secretion of acid phosphatase (ap) and leucine arylamidas ... | 2007 | 17156792 |
| incorporation of transmembrane peptides from the vacuolar h(+)-atpase in phospholipid membranes: spin-label electron paramagnetic resonance and polarized infrared spectroscopy. | peptides were designed that are based on candidate transmembrane sequences of the v o-sector from the vacuolar h (+)-atpase of saccharomyces cerevisiae. spin-label epr studies of lipid-protein interactions were used to characterize the state of oligomerization, and polarized ir spectroscopy was used to determine the secondary structure and orientation, of these peptides in lipid bilayer membranes. peptides corresponding to the second and fourth transmembrane domains (tm2 and tm4) of proteolipid ... | 2008 | 18307317 |
| effects of complex hydrodynamic processes on the horizontal and vertical distribution of tc-99 in the irish sea. | the increased discharge of tc-99 from the sellafield plant following the commissioning of the enhance actinide removal plant in 1994 was reflected in higher tc-99 activity concentrations over much of the irish sea. the presence of this radionuclide in the marine environment is of concern not only because of its long half life but also high bio-concentration factor in commercially valuable species, such norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) and common lobster (homarus gammarus). accurate predictio ... | 2010 | 20947135 |
| permanent genetic resources added to the molecular ecology resources database 1 february 2010-31 march 2010. | this article documents the addition of 228 microsatellite marker loci to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: anser cygnoides, apodemus flavicollis, athene noctua, cercis canadensis, glis glis, gubernatrix cristata, haliotis tuberculata, helianthus maximiliani, laricobius nigrinus, laricobius rubidus, neoheligmonella granjoni, nephrops norvegicus, oenanthe javanica, paramuricea clavata, pyrrhura orcesi and samanea saman. these loci were cross-t ... | 2010 | 21565086 |
| the effect of temperature on the bacterial load and microbial composition in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) tail meat during storage. | aims:ôçé the aim of this study was to update and extend our knowledge of the bacterial load and microbial composition in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) under commercially relevant storage conditions to optimize handling procedures. methods and results:ôçé total viable counts were performed at different storage temperatures (0, 4, 8, 10, 12 or 16-¦c) and after different storage times (1-7ôçâdays). storage at 16-¦c was found to be most detrimental, and storage at 0-¦c was found to be optimal ... | 2011 | 21689222 |
| tracking living decapod larvae: mass staining of eggs with neutral red prior to hatching. | mass staining of decapod females carrying eggs, with subsequent identification of hatched larvae in the environment, is a research tool with great potential for field ecologists wishing to track the movements of larvae. for this to be achieved, however, numerous requirements must be met. these include adequate dye solubility, short staining time, dye penetration through different tissues, dye retention within the organism, absence of toxic and behavioral effects, low visibility to predators of s ... | 2011 | 22149046 |
| the gap junction-like form of a vacuolar proton channel component appears not to be an artifact of isolation: an immunocytochemical localization study. | gap junctional structures containing a 16-kda intrinsic membrane protein have been isolated from the hepatopancreas of the crustacean nephrops norvegicus. these structures are double membranes 14-15 nm thick and composed of hexagonal arrays of particles which have a central pore that is penetrated by a cationic negative stain. membrane preparations have also been isolated from the hepatopancreas and these contain similar gap junctional regions of uniform width. affinity purified antibodies to th ... | 2006 | 1698646 |
| partial characterization and amino acid composition of a high molecular weight peptide with salmon calcitonin immunoreactivity in a crustacean: nephrops norvegicus. | anti-salmon calcitonin antibodies were used to follow the purification of a high molecular weight peptide present both in the haemolymph and in the hepatopancreas of the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus. an apparent molecular weight of 22 kda has been measured in electrophoresis on sds gels and amino acid composition compared to salmon calcitonin. the amount determined by the immunoreactivity assay corresponds to about 1/40 and 1/140 of that which is based on direct protein measurement for the ... | 2013 | 3675592 |
| advances in our understanding of the global diversity and distribution of hematodinium spp. - significant pathogens of commercially exploited crustaceans. | hematodinium species are parasitic dinoflagellates known to infect a growing number of marine crustacean genera from around the world, many of which support important commercial fisheries. affected hosts undergo dramatic pathological alterations to their organs, tissues and hemolymph. there are no known control measures for this disease. economically important wild fished hosts known to be susceptible to hematodinium spp. include tanner crabs chionoecetes bairdi and snow crabs chionoecetes opili ... | 2012 | 22433998 |
| gut bacteria associated with different diets in reared nephrops norvegicus. | the impact of different diets on the gut microbiota of reared nephrops norvegicus was investigated based on bacterial 16s rrna gene diversity. specimens were collected from pagasitikos gulf (greece) and kept in experimental rearing tanks, under in situ conditions, for 6months. treatments included three diets: frozen natural (mussel) food (m), dry formulated pellet (p) and starvation (s). gut samples were collected at the initiation of the experiment, and after 3 and 6months. tank water and diet ... | 2012 | 23040460 |
| bacteriostatic suppression in norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) exposed to manganese or hypoxia under pressure of ocean acidification. | future ocean acidification (oa) and warming following climate change elicit pervasive stressors to the inhabitants of the sea. previous experimental exposure to oa for 16 weeks at ph levels predicted for 2100 has shown to result in serious immune suppression of the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus. the lobsters are currently affected by stressors such as periodical hypoxia inducing high levels of bioavailable manganese (mn). here, we aimed to investigate possible effects of interactions betwe ... | 2015 | 25553539 |
| determination of biogenic amines and endotoxin in squid, musky octopus, norway lobster, and mussel stored at room temperature. | little research has been published on the indicators of spoilage in mediterranean molluscan shellfish and crustaceans. thus is why we studied changes in the concentrations of endotoxin and four biogenic amines (histamine, putrescine, tyramine and cadaverine) in european common squid (loligo subulata, lamarck, 1798), musky octopus (eledone moschata, lamarck, 1798), norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus, linnaeus, 1758), and mussel (mytilus galloprovincialis, lamarck, 1819) from the adriatic sea sto ... | 2010 | 21183430 |
| the structure and function of the hepatopancreas of a terrestrial isopod, armadillidium vulgare. | the fine structure of the hepatopancreas of the isopod, armadillidium vulgare was studied in intact and in experimentally treated animals. the gross anatomy of the hepatopancreas of this species is simpler than that of decapods, but microscopically the cells are similar in both. accordingly, the function of this organ is probably the same in decapods and armadillidium. some phylogenetic considerations are also presented. in a previous paper miyawaki et al. (1984), presented experimental results ... | 1985 | 3986923 |
| effects of manganese and hypoxia on coelomocyte renewal in the echinoderm, asterias rubens (l.). | manganese (mn) is a naturally abundant metal and particularly so in soft-bottom oceanic sediments where it generally occurs bound in a four-valent colloidal state as mno2. when hypoxic conditions occur in bottom waters, the metal reduces to the bioavailable ion mn2+ and can reach concentrations known to have immunotoxic effects in the crustacean nephrops norvegicus, reducing numbers of circulating haemocytes as a consequence. however, we have previously shown that mn seems to have a contrasting ... | 2010 | 20678812 |
| manganese effects on haematopoietic cells and circulating coelomocytes of asterias rubens (linnaeus). | manganese (mn) is a naturally abundant metal in marine sediments where it mainly occurs as mno(2). during hypoxic conditions it is converted into a bioavailable state, mn(2+), and can reach levels that previously have shown effects on immune competent cells of the crustacean, nephrops norvegicus. here we investigated if mn also affects circulating coelomocytes and their renewal in the common sea star, asterias rubens, when exposed to concentrations of mn that can be found in nature. when the sea ... | 2008 | 18639346 |
| susceptibility to infection and pathogenicity of white spot disease (wsd) in non-model crustacean host taxa from temperate regions. | despite almost two decades since its discovery, white spot disease (wsd) caused by white spot syndrome virus (wssv) is still considered the most significant known pathogen impacting the sustainability and growth of the global penaeid shrimp farming industry. although most commonly associated with penaeid shrimp farmed in tropical regions, the virus is also able to infect, cause disease and kill a wide range of other decapod crustacean hosts from temperate regions, including lobsters, crabs, cray ... | 2012 | 22484233 |
| anticoagulant properties and cytotoxic effect against hct116 human colon cell line of sulfated glycosaminoglycans isolated from the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) shell. | sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sgnl) were extracted for the first time from norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) shell. the monosaccharide composition analysed by gc/ms revealed the presence of galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, n-acetylgalactosamine and n-acetylglucosamine. the analysis of sgnl with acetate cellulose electrophoresis in zn-acetate revealed the presence of heparan sulfate (hs) and dermatan sulfate (ds). sgnl were evaluated for their anticoagulant activities using activated partial ... | 2016 | 27133072 |
| hematodinium sp. and its bacteria-like endosymbiont in european brown shrimp (crangon crangon). | parasitic dinoflagellates of the genus hematodinium are significant pathogens affecting the global decapod crustacean fishery. despite this, considerable knowledge gaps exist regarding the life history of the pathogen in vivo, and the role of free living life stages in transmission to naïve hosts. | 2012 | 22958655 |
| molecular detection of hematodinium spp. in norway lobster nephrops norvegicus and other crustaceans. | the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus (l.) from the coastal waters of scotland is seasonally infected by a parasitic dinoflagellate of the genus hematodinium. methods used to detect infection include a morphological index (pleopod diagnosis) and several immunoassays. the present study describes the development and application of a set of hematodinium-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers and dna probes based on hematodinium ribosomal dna (rdna). in the pcr assay, a diagnostic band of ... | 2006 | 16724562 |
| endocrine regulation of the phosphatidylinositol pathway in the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, and the shore crab, carcinus maenas. | the present study examines the mode of action of eyestalk factors, in particular crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (chh), on known target tissues (muscle and hepatopancreas) in two decapod crustacean species, nephrops norvegicus and carcinus maenas. the possibility that receptors to chh are coupled to an elevation of cytosolic ca2+ derived from intracellular stores via activation of the phosphatidylinositol pathway was investigated. using an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp3)-specific competit ... | 1996 | 8921359 |
| hematodinium sp. (alveolata, syndinea) detected in marine decapod crustaceans from waters of denmark and greenland. | five decapod crustacean species were examined for presence of the parasitic dinoflagellate hematodinium spp. (alveolata, syndinea) by morphological methods (colour and pleopod methods) as well as by pcr and nested pcr with hematodinium-specific primers. nephrops norvegicus, pagurus bernhardus and liocarcinus depurator were sampled by trawling in danish waters and chionoecetes opilio and hyas araneus were sampled by trapping off the west coast of greenland. the existence of hematodinium has not p ... | 2010 | 21166315 |
| heavy metals in organisms from the northern tyrrhenian sea. | the concentrations of zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium, lead and mercury have been determined in soft tissues of four marine organisms (mytilus galloprovincialis lmk., nephrops norvegicus l., mullus barbatus l., engraulis encrasicolus l.) collected seasonally from the winter of 1976 to the spring of 1980 in various areas of the tyrrhenian sea (western mediterranean). in all four species levels of all metals, except mercury in all areas are alike while mercury levels vary and, furthermore, are hi ... | 1981 | 7302562 |
| a comparative study on the influence of manganese on the bactericidal response of marine invertebrates. | manganese, mn, is a naturally abundant metal in marine sediments. during hypoxic conditions the metal converts into a bioavailable state and can reach levels that have been shown immunotoxic to the crustacean nephrops norvegicus. for this species it has previously been shown that exposure to 15 mg l(-1) of mn decreased the number of circulating haemocytes while it for the echinoderm asterias rubens increased the number of coelomocytes. here, we compared if five days of exposure to the same conce ... | 2009 | 19615449 |
| ecological meltdown in the firth of clyde, scotland: two centuries of change in a coastal marine ecosystem. | the firth of clyde is a large inlet of the sea that extends over 100 km into scotland's west coast. | 2010 | 20686614 |
| temporal shifts of the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) gut bacterial communities. | the aim of this study was to investigate the gut bacterial communities of nephrops norvegicus individuals, using a suite of molecular tools consisting of automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, 16s rrna gene-internal transcribed spacer clone libraries and fish. the animals were collected from pagasitikos gulf, greece, during different months of the year. the diversity of the gut bacterial communities was found to mostly vary with sampling time, which could be related to temporal variatio ... | 2010 | 20831590 |
| hematodinium sp. infection in norway lobster nephrops norvegicus and its effects on meat quality. | hematodinium and hematodinium-like species have emerged in the last 3 decades as important parasitic pathogens of crustaceans worldwide, causing a significant economic loss to fisheries and related markets. in some species (notably the tanner crab chionoecetes bairdi), the parasite reportedly causes the cooked meat to taste bitter and aspirin-like. the bitter taste, together with the gross pathology of the infection, renders these crabs unmarketable. surprisingly, no organoleptic tests have ever ... | 2012 | 23186698 |
| ensuring crustacean product quality in the post-harvest phase. | recent studies of the fisheries for the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus (l.), have illustrated the negative effects of pathogens and of the physiological stresses of capture processes on the exploitation of live animals and their products, and have identified mitigating measures. firstly, having established that trawl capture of n. norvegicus is highly stressful, but that these animals have powerful physiological mechanisms of recovery, procedures for on-board recovery of animals destined fo ... | 2012 | 22433999 |
| stressed-out lobsters: crustacean hyperglycemic hormone and stress proteins. | organisms in natural habitats must frequently respond to changes in their environments through various physiological mechanisms. my laboratory has developed several methods for the quantification of stress in crustaceans. an elisa was developed for the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) from the american lobster (homarus americanus). it is sensitive to as little as 0.2 fmol of peptide. increases in hemolymph chh were observed under conditions of acute hypoxia, elevated temperature, and alter ... | 2005 | 21676744 |
| carbohydrate dynamics and the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh): effects of parasitic infection in norway lobsters (nephrops norvegicus). | the effects of a dinoflagellate parasite (hematodinium sp.) on carbohydrate metabolism were examined in the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus. five stages of infection were observed. these included uninfected (stage 0), subpatently infected (sp), and patently infected (stage 1-4) lobsters. during patent infection, the concentration of glucose in the hemolymph was reduced significantly from its value of 180 microg ml(-1) in uninfected (stage 0) lobsters to 25.3 microg ml(-1) in stage 3-4. these ... | 2001 | 11161766 |
| an analysis of swimming performance in the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus l. infected by a parasitic dinoflagellate of the genus hematodinium. | various components of swimming performance were measured in uninfected norway lobsters (nephrops norvegicus) and compared to animals at different stages of infection by a parasitic dinoflagellate (hematodinium sp.). animals showed a progressive decline in overall swimming performance as infection severity increased, with reductions in the number of tail-flips performed, the number of swimming bouts and the total distance travelled by swimming. the velocity of the first (giant-fibre mediated) tai ... | 2000 | 10742502 |
| in vitro cultivation and developmental cycle in culture of a parasitic dinoflagellate (hematodinium sp.) associated with mortality of the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) in british waters. | dinoflagellates are common and often important parasites of aquatic organisms, but their developmental cycles are poorly known and have not been established in in vitro culture. the parasitic dinoflagellate (hematodinium sp.) associated with mortality of the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) in british waters has been cultivated in vitro in 10% foetal calf serum in a balanced nephrops saline. in culture the parasite undergoes a characteristic cycle of development. circulating sporoblasts from ... | 1998 | 9509021 |
| nephrops fisheries in european waters. | this review focuses on the norway lobster (nephrops norvegicus) as a resource, describing how the fishery has developed from the 1960s to the present day to become one of the most economically important fisheries in europe. in 2010, the total landings were 66,500 tonnes, of which uk fishers landed a significant part (58.1%). the nephrops fishery is also important for countries such as ireland (11.7% of the total) and sweden (1.9%) where it is of regional importance. some are also taken in the me ... | 2013 | 23668592 |
| identification and partial characterisation of metalloproteases secreted by a mesanophrys-like ciliate parasite of the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus. | a ciliate parasite, tentatively identified as mesanophrys sp. of norway lobsters nephrops norvegicus, is demonstrated to secrete several proteases into the culture medium (modified nephrops saline). analyses using substrate-impregnated sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) revealed 12 activity bands differing greatly in mobility in the gels. the complete inhibition of proteolytic activity by 1,10-phenanthroline indicated that the proteases are of the metallo class. ... | 2005 | 16408838 |
| reproduction: life cycle, larvae and larviculture. | nephrops norvegicus represents a very valuable fishery across europe, and the species possesses a relatively complex life cycle and reproductive biology across spatial and temporal scales. insights into embryonic and larval biology, and associated abiotic and biotic factors that influence recruitment, are important since this will affect population and species success. much of the fishery, and indeed scientific sampling, is reliant on trawling, which is likely to cause direct and indirect stress ... | 2013 | 23668591 |
| feeding ability of early zoeal stages of the norway lobster nephrops norvegicus (l.). | the wide geographical distribution of the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, results in a delay, with latitudinal decrease, in the larval season from spring to winter. newly hatched larvae of the species may therefore be exposed to suboptimal levels or types of prey and face intermittent periods of starvation at low latitudes. this work investigated the feeding response of the first two zoeal stages of n. norvegicus under variable prey densities, prey types, feeding histories, and photoperiods ... | 2009 | 19556598 |
| studies on digestive proteases from midgut glands of a shrimp, penaeus indicus, and a lobster, nephrops norvegicus: part 1. proteolytic activity. | digestive gland protease ph optima and specific activities determined in penaeus indicus with casein, azocasein, azocoll, and congo red fibrin as substrates were ph 7.7-9.2, 210-371 micromol of tyrosine/mg of homogenate protein/min; ph 7.8, 36; ph 6.0-7.0, 7; and ph 8.9-9.2, 7a delta0.001 u/mg of homogenate protein/min, respectively. activity in the shrimp was stable during frozen storage but relatively labile and very low (1.043 azocasein units) in the norwegian lobster, nephrops norvegicus. th ... | 2001 | 11297389 |
| mercury in organisms from the northwestern mediterranean slope: importance of food sources. | mercury (hg) is a global threat for marine ecosystems, especially within the mediterranean sea. the concern is higher for deep-sea organisms, as the hg concentration in their tissues is commonly high. to assess the influence of food supply at two trophic levels, total hg concentrations and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were determined in 7 species (4 teleosts, 2 sharks, and 1 crustacean) sampled on the upper part of the continental slope of the gulf of lions (northwestern mediterrane ... | 2014 | 25129158 |
| photostimulated luminescence detection of irradiated shellfish: international interlaboratory trial. | an interlaboratory trial was conducted to validate photostimulated luminescence (psl) detection of irradiated shellfish. five species of shellfish (nephrops norvegicus, mussels, black tiger prawns, brown shrimps, and king scallops) were presented blind as nonirradiated and irradiated to 0.5 and 2.5 kgy. precharacterization analysis of each product and treatment was performed on both whole (including shell) and intestinal samples. the results for whole samples (including shell) confirmed that the ... | 2008 | 14632401 |
| thermoluminescence detection of irradiated shellfish: international interlaboratory trial. | an international interlaboratory trial was conducted using thermoluminescence for the detection of irradiated shellfish, aimed at validating the method for routine use. nephrops norvegicus, mussels, brown shrimps, black tiger prawns, and king scallops were presented as nonirradiated and irradiated to 0.5 and 2.5 kgy. the protocol called for the use of 3 preparation methods: extraction of silicates from whole shellfish by acid hydrolysis and physical separation, and of carbonates from powdered sh ... | 2008 | 14632400 |