| structure-activity relationships of l-homocysteic acid and its relatives of the electrical activity of an identifiable molluscan giant neurone (achatina fulica férussac). | | 1977 | 15780 |
| [classification of the responses of a giant neuron from the snail acatina fulica férussac, caused by inhibitory sugstances depending on chlorine ions]. | gaba, three of its derivatives (l-gabob, d-gabob and delta-amino valeric acid), acetycholine (ach), dopamine (da) and l-phe-tyr all inhibit an identifiable giant neurone (the tan, tonically autoactive neurone) of achatina fulica. these effects were examined by microdrop application in two different conditions: in physiological solution and in the absence of chloride ions. the results show that the relatively transient (rapid) inhibitions caused by gaba, by its derivatives and by ach are dependen ... | 1977 | 144014 |
| acetylcholinesterase in the central nervous system and digestive gland of achatina fulica bowdich. | cholinesterase (che) activity was measured in the central nervous system (cns) and in the digestive gland of the pestiferous land snail achatinafulica bowdich, by the method of huegra et al. (1952). acetylcholinesterase (ache), and benzoylcholinesterase (beche) activity was higher in the former than in the latter. the complete inhibition of the enzyme activity with 10(-2) m eserine indicates that the che examined is ache. the km values of the ache from the digestive gland and the cns were 3.1 x ... | 1979 | 45327 |
| isolation and some properties of two deoxyribonucleases from a snail, achatina fulica. | 1. two main dnases were found in the dried liver extract of a snail, achatina fulica. they were purified by the phosphocellulose batch method and by phosphocellulose column chromatography. the enzyme eluted earlier from the phosphocellulose column was designated as achatina dnase-1 and the other as achatina dnase-2. dnase-1 was purified further by qae-sephadex a-25 column chromatography (twice) just before use because of the instability of the purified enzyme. by these procedures, dnase-1 and 2 ... | 1978 | 31355 |
| angiostrongyliasis in indonesia: additional geographic and host occurrence records. | geographical and host occurrence records for angiostrongylus cantonensis throughout the indonesian archipelago a;e reported. a. cantonensis was found in the following provinces: west sumatra, south sumatra, lampung, west java, central java, north sulawesi and east nusa tenggara. infections were diagnosed in the following rodents: rattus rattus diardii, rattus exulans, rattus tiomanicus jaloriensis, rattus lepturus, rattus norvegicus and bandicota indica setifera and in the giant african land sna ... | 1978 | 751218 |
| deoxyribonuclease a, a novel deoxyribonuclease highly active toward polydeoxyadenylic acid and polythymidylic acid from achatina fulica. | two novel deoxyribonucleases, termed dnases a and a', have been purified from the hepatopancreas of achatina fulica (agate snail). dnases a and a' were obtained in 3.6 % and 7.7% yields by acetate buffer extraction and successive chromatography on hydroxyapatite, phosphocellulose and poly(a)-sepharose. the two dnases are highly active toward poly(da) and at a salt concentration of 0.15 m and ph 5.0 exhibit 10-fold higher hydrolyzing activities toward poly(da) than toward calf thymus denature dna ... | 1977 | 21173 |
| structure-activity relationships of gaba and its relatives on the excitability of an identified molluscan giant neurone (achatina fulica férussac). | | 1977 | 11957 |
| effects of guanidino compounds on the electrical activity of giant neurons identified in subesophageal ganglia of the african giant snail, achatina fulica ferussac. | | 1976 | 8256 |
| effects of physalaemin, a vaso-active peptide from amphibian skin, on the excitability of an identifiable molluscan giant neurone of achatina fulica férussac. | we examined effects of several vasoactive peptides (substance p, physalaemin, neurotensin, bradykinin, angiotensin etc.) on the excitability of molluscan giant neurones identified in the subesophageal ganglia of achatina fulica férussac. of these peptides, only physalaemin showed a remarkable excitatory effect on a giant tonically autoactive neurone. | 1976 | 6298 |
| a long-term memory for food odors in the land snail, achatina fulica. | | 1977 | 849227 |
| the effect of amino acids on the excitability of identified autoactive giant neurons of achatina fulica férussac. | effects of the following amino acids were examined on the electrical activity of the two giant neurones (pon and tan) identified in the subesophageal ganglia of achatina fulica férussac : l-asp, l-thr, l-ser, l-glu, l-pro, gly, l-alpha-ala, beta-ala, l-cysteine, l-cystine, l-val, l-met, l-ileu, l-leu, l-tyr, l-phe, l-lys, l-his, l-arg, l-cit, l-try, gaba and gabob. among these substances, we observed an inhibitory effect of gaba and gabob on the tan excitability. gaba showed stronger effect on t ... | 1975 | 2374 |
| current(i)-voltage(v) relationships of the neuromembrane of an identifiable giant neurone of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac) in the presence of an inhibitory tripeptide, l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr. | an inhibitory tripeptide, l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr, caused membrane hyperpolarization of the tan (tonically autoactive neurone) resulting in an elevated firing level. the tripeptide, however, did not markedly affect either the tan i-v curve or the firing pattern obtained by transmembrane triangular current injection. | 1978 | 700024 |
| attraction of the snail achatina fulica to extracts of conspecific pedal glands. | | 1978 | 678253 |
| responses to conspecific chemical stimuli in the treatment snail achatina fulica (pulmonata: sigmurethra). | | 1978 | 626626 |
| [development of angiostrongylus cantonensis in the lung of achatina fulica (author's transl)]. | twenty-four achatina fulica from pai-sha of the pescardores islands, where no angiostrogylus cantonensis has been found in a. fulica(4), were inoculated with the first stage larvae of a cantonensis. one snail was killed every day after 24 days following inoculation. the lung of each snail was separated and examined for larvae under microscope. the same lung was then digested with pepsin. the larvae recovered after pepsin digestion were examined for more detailed morphology. this study confirmed ... | 1977 | 580235 |
| excitatory effects of ergot alkaloids and their derivatives on the excitability of an identifiable giant neuron of the african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | the effects of various ergot alkalids and related substances on the neuronal excitability were examined using a spontaneously firing neuron (pon, periodically oscillating neuron) identified in the suboesophageal ganglia of the african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). of the substances examined, ergometrine and methylergometrine had a marked excitatory effect on the neuron (their critical concentration by bath application: 5 x 10(-6) kg/l). d-lysergic acid (the critical concentration: 3 x ... | 1979 | 526072 |
| pharmacological effects of the giant african snail achatina fulica. | the body fluid and tissue extract of the foot of achatina fulica, the edible giant african snail, were investigated and quantified for pharmacological effects. both reduced spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, protected them from death from amphetamine induced toxicity, prolonged hexobarbitone sleeping time and caused a depletion of catecholamines from various organs of the rat. from this a central depressant action combined with an antihypertensive effect is inferred. this is in keeping with ... | 1979 | 524451 |
| inhibitory effects of aromatic oligopeptides on the excitability of identifiable giant neurones of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | effects of an aromatic tripeptide, l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr and its related dipeptides on the excitability of two identifiable giant neurones (the tan, tonically autoactive neurone and the pon, periodically oscillating neurone) in the suboesophageal ganglia of the african giant snail, achatina fulica férussac, were examined. of 33 substances examined, three aromatic oligopeptides showed a marked inhibitory effect on the tan excitability. the critical concentrations of these substances in bath applicati ... | 1979 | 485679 |
| achatina fulica hemocyanin and its interactions with imidazole, potassium cyanide, and fluoride as studied by spectrophotometry and nuclear magnetic resonance and resonance raman spectrometry. | | 1979 | 465458 |
| quantitative determinations of some pharmacological effects from the edible giant african snail (achatina fulica). | | 1979 | 463339 |
| immunogenicities of haemocyanins from the giant african snail (achatina fulica) and the keyhole limpet (megathura crenulata). | 1. the immunogenicities of the giant african snail (achatina fulica) haemocyanin (afh) and the keyhole limpet (megathura crenulata) haemocyanin (klh) were compared by determining their capacities to induce humoral and cell-mediated immune response in rats. 2. klh was found to be more immunogenic than afh, and this was attributed to the fact that klh contains more moieties, and probably more antigenic determinants than afh. 3. since afh was found capable of stimulating both humoral and cell-media ... | 1977 | 318245 |
| epidemiologic studies of eosinophilic meningitis in southern taiwan. | a study of the epidemiologic characteristics of 125 cases of eosinophilic meningitis or meningoencephalitis, probably caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis, which occurred in southern taiwan in 1968 and 1969 revealed a close association of the disease with the rainy season. in contrast to findings in other geographic areas, most such cases in this study occurred among children. a higher attack rate was observed among aborigines than among descendants of mainland chinese. most patients had eaten ... | 1975 | 1155688 |
| [effect of oligopeptides containing l-phe, l-tyr, l-trp, l-his or l-met on the excitability of the 2 giant neurons of the african giant snail (achatina fulica ferussac)]. | effects of about ninety oligopeptides, containing l-phe, l-tyr, l-trp, l-his and l-met, on the excitability of two identifiable giant neurones (the pon, periodically oscillating neurone ; and the tan, tonically autoactive neurone) of achatine fulica férussac were examined. three oligopeptides, l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr, l-phe-l-tyr and l-phe-l-trp, showed an inhibitory effect on the pon. however, this effect on the pon was weaker than that of the same three peptides on the tan. [the latter has been repo ... | 1979 | 161198 |
| [effects of 2 water-soluble contrast media, meglumine iothalamate (conray) and meglumine iocarmate (dimer-x), on the electric activity of identifiable giant neurons of the african giant snail (achatina fulica ferussac)]. | the influences of two water soluble contrast media, meglumine iothalamate and meglumine iocarmate, on the neuronal excitability and on the neuronal sensitivity to putative transmitters were examined in comparison with those of sucrose using two identifiable giant neurones of achatina fulica férussac (the tan and the pon). a relatively low increase of osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid, produced by the application of contrast media, reversed the cl- dependent inhibition caused by a putat ... | 1979 | 161197 |
| [inhibitory effects of dipeptides containing tryptophan on the excitability on the giant neuron of the giant african snail (achatina fulica, ferussac)]. | besides an inhibitory effect of l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr and l-phe-l-tyr, l-phe-l-trp showed the same effect on the excitability of a giant neurone (the tan, tonically autoactive neurone) identified in suboesophageal ganglia of achatina futica férussac. the critical concentration of l-phe-l-trp to produce the effect was 10(-5)--3 x 10(-5) kg/1. the inhibitory effect of this substance was relatively slow and independent no chloride ions, as well as in the case of l-phe-l-tyr. l-trp-l-phe, gly-l-trp and ... | 1978 | 153196 |
| [effects of histamine and its derivatives on the excitability of a giant identifiable neuron of achatina fulica férussac. a histaminergic receptor different from h1 and h2]. | a giant neurone of achatina fulica férussac (the tan, tonically autoactive neurone) is excited by histamine. pharmacological characteristics of its histaminergic reception are quite different from those of h1 and h2 receptors. the effect of histamine on the tan is antagonized by neither mepyramine nor burimamide. | 1976 | 139986 |
| [relationship between current and voltage in neuromembranes measured by a generator of long-term triangular current]. | a generator of triangular current of long duration was constructed to measure the current-voltage relationship (i-v curve) of neuromembranes. using this instrument, we observed the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) on the i-v curve of an identified giant neurone (pon) of achatina fulica férussac. when two i-v curves (measured in the physiological state and under the 5-ht application) were superimposed by using the firing level as the common standard point, a concordance of two i-v curves in w ... | 1975 | 129248 |
| [catecholamines in the sub-esophageal ganglia and the hemolymph of the giant african snail (achatina fulica férussac) determined by gas chromatography]. | the content of three catecholamines (dopamine, l-norepinephrine and l-epinephrine) in the subesophageal ganglia and the hemolymph of achatina fulica férussac was measured by a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector. the dopamine content of the ganglia was 4.3 +/- 0.9 mug/g. l-norepinephrine and l-epinephrine in the ganglia were not detected. the three catecholamines in the hemolymph were also not detected. | 1975 | 129245 |
| effects of parasitism and stress on hemolymph protein of the african giant snail, achatina fulica. | effects of parasitism and stress on the protein concentration of hemolymph have been investigated using the rat lungworm angiostromgylus cantonensis in the snail host achatina fulica. the normal hemolymph protein concentration, averaging 1.77 g/100 ml in noninfected snails, did not show any reduction when the hosts were infected with third stage larvae. when the infected snails were bled repeatedly, protein concentration showed a significant decrease by 0.6 g/100 ml. starved, infected snails wer ... | 1978 | 735303 |
| penetrable and impenetrable anions into the gaba-activated chloride channel on the postsynaptic neuromembrane of an identifiable giant neurone of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | | 1978 | 32999 |
| responses of the intestine of the giant african snail (achatina fulica) to acetylcholine in meng's solution with low sodium, potassium and calcium ions. | decreasing the concentration of sodium in meng's solution produced a non-parallel shift of the dose-response of acetylcholine on the intestine of the giant african snail achatina fulica. this decrease in sodium decreases the sensitivity of the tissue to acetylcholine and sensitivity was not restored with several washings. the response to decrease calcium is very similar to that of sodium. in the case of potassium however 10% k+ produced less depression in sensitivity than 25% which even caused l ... | 1978 | 751678 |
| grouped spike discharges of an identifiable neurone of a snail (achatina fulica férussac) produced in isotonic foreign anion solutions. | | 1978 | 26499 |
| [histological studies of the african giant snail (achatina fulica) experimentally infected with angiostrongylus vasorum or angiostrongylus cantonensis (author's transl)]. | african giant snails (achatina fulica) about 6 weeks old were experimentally infected with each 5,000 to 20,000 first stage larvae of angiostrongylus vasorum or a. cantonensis by exposure to a larval suspension. the snails were histologically examined after various intervals after infection: 1 hour post infectionem (p.i.) larvae were present in the foot and 2 hours p.i. in addition in the gastrointestinal tract. 12 hours p.i. larvae were seen for the first time in the lung which reached nearly h ... | 1976 | 790803 |
| homologous neurosecretory cell groups in the land snail achatina fulica and the sea slug aplysia californica. | the right parietal ganglion of the african snail achatina fulica contains an identifiable cluster of 20-40 white cells with somatic diameters of 80-110 mu. cobalt chloride injection into these cells revealed an axon projection in the right parietal nerve as well as apparent terminations in the capsule. the cells contain an abundance of electron dense granules 1000-2000 a in diameter which are formed in the golgi apparatus. the granules stain with gomori's chrome hematoxylin and paraldehyde fuchs ... | 1977 | 837391 |
| effects of biologically active peptides on the excitability of identifiable giant neurones of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | | 1977 | 917265 |
| comparative studies on different small intestinal oligosaccharidase activities in some vertebrates and invertebrates like molluscs. | oligosaccharidase activities of the small intestinal mucosal homogenates were measured in vertebrates viz fish, toad, garden-lizard (calotes), pigeon, rat and some invertebrates viz, molluscsa. maximum activities of the enzymes lactase, sucrase and maltase were found in the mammalian species rat, whereas much less activities were found in the non-mammalian vertebrates among which toad shows the highest values and garden lizard the lowest. among the invertebrates pila globosa shows higher values ... | 1976 | 977083 |
| effects of three synthetic peptides analogous to neurophypophyseal hormones on the excitability of giant neurones of achatina fulica férussac. | deamino-dicarba-(d-d)oxytocin and d-d-arg-vasotocin at 10(-4)kg/l showed an excitatory effect on the periodically oxcillating neurone (pon) of achatina fulica férussac. d-d-arg-vasopressin had no effect. | 1976 | 1021447 |
| three structures associated with the nucleolus in male rat germinal cells: round body, coiled body, and "nubecula" and general presence of round body at male meiosis. | in addition to chromosomes and nucleoli, three structures, i.e., round body, coiled body, and nubecula, are encountered in the nucleus during the meiotic prophase in male rats. these structures have been examined by electron microscopy in random and serial sections. the round body is a finely fibrillar, proteinaceous structure closely associated with the granular component of a nucleolus in rat spermatocytes and young spermatids. a similar structure has been observed in man, the monkey macaca mu ... | 1990 | 1700593 |
| growth and localization of angiostrongylus cantonensis in the molluscan host, achatina fulica. | the development of the rat lung worm angiostrongylus cantonensis within the giant african snail achatina fulica is reported. in this host, ingested first stage larvae penetrate the intestinal wall into the hemocoel and migrate to the mantle where they undergo two molts and become third stage larvae within 24 days. the mantle, harboring 85% of the total number recovered is the major location of infective larvae. the kidney contains about 11% but few larvae are found in the remaining visceral org ... | 1976 | 1027104 |
| the bandicoot rat, a new host record for angiostrongylus cantonensis in indonesia. | a survey for angiostrongylus cantonensis in possible definitive and intermediate hosts was conducted in ancol, jakarta. adult worms were found in 43% of bandicoot rats, bandicota indica setifera, in 14% of rattus rattus diardii and 36% of the achatina fulica were infected with larval forms of the parasite. the finding of the parasite in the bandicoot rat constitutes a new host record for indonesia. | 1976 | 1027106 |
| angiostrongylus malaysiensis from tuaran, sabah, with reference to the distribution of the parasite in malaysia. | a survey of angiostrongylus malaysiensis among wild rodent and molluscan hosts was made in the tuaran central agricultural research station and within the vicinity of tuaran, sabah. three of 19 rattus rattus diardii, one of 2 r. exulans and one r. argentiventer were found naturally infected with the parasite. in this survey 56 of 382 molluscs comprising of pila scutata, achatina fulica and two species of land slugs, laevicaulis alte and microparmarion malayanus, were found naturally infected wit ... | 1976 | 1030843 |
| isolation of a phosphoryl choline-binding protein from the hemolymph of the snail, achatina fulica. | a phosphorylcholine-binding protein from the hemolymph of the snail achatina fulica was purified to near homogeneity using a sepharose phenylphosphorylcholine affinity column. the protein bound to the affinity column was eluted with 5 mm phosphorylcholine as a single symmetrical peak. the purified protein (400 kda) contained 35-40% carbohydrate. on sds-page the protein separated into two bands of 20 and 24 kda, and had a pi of 5.9. on immunodiffusion, antiserum to the snail phosphorylcholine bin ... | 1991 | 1773848 |
| different glycosubstances and galactans in the albumin gland and eggs of achatina fulica. | in saline extracts from the eggs and the albumin gland of the snail achatina fulica 3 different forms of glycosubstances have been found by using heterophile precipitins from different sources: 1. an alkali-stable galactan reacting with the anti-galactans from axinella polypoides sponge and from the clam tridacna maxima (tridacnin) and with concanavalin a. 2. another glycosubstance giving cross-reactions with a second precipitin from axinella polypoides, with the lectin from ricinus communis, wi ... | 1976 | 1034378 |
| [presence of angiostrongylus cantonensis in the réunion island. isolation of the strain]. | the detection of some cases of eosinophilic meningitis suggest that angiostrongylus cantonensis is present in reunion island. larvae of this nematode have been isolated after dissection of achatina fulica and have been used to infest laboratory rats. 30 days later, the dissection of these animals shows the presence of young worms in the brain and in the pulmonary arteries. 45 days later, first-stage larvae are recovered from the feces of animals. now, the strain is maintained in biomphalaria gla ... | 1976 | 1037434 |
| degradation of poly da by a deoxyribonuclease preparation from a land snail, achatina fulica. | | 1976 | 1087153 |
| inhibitory effect of beta-hydroxyglutamic acid on a molluscan giant neurone. | we found a spontaneously firing neurone, inhibited by beta-hydroxy(erythro)-l-glutamic acid, identified in the subesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac), although this neurone is not sensitive to l-glutamic acid. we suggest that beta-hydroxy(erythro)-l-glutamic acid may be a putative inhibitory synaptic transmitter of the identified molluscan neurone. | 1975 | 1213058 |
| effects of glutamic acid relatives on the electrical activity of an identified molluscan giant neurone (achatina fulica férussac). | effects of glutamic acid and its relatives were examined on the electrical activity of two kinds of neurones (the pon, periodically oscillating neurone, and the tan, tonically autoactive neurone) identified in the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail, achatina fulica férussac. l- and d-glu, l-asp, gly and beta-ala did not show any effect on the two neurones. however, beta-hydroxyglutamic acid (bhga) showed a remarkable inhibitory effect on the pon. erythro-l-bhga had the strongest ef ... | 1976 | 1252919 |
| cerebral and buccal neurons involved in buccal motor pattern generation in achatina fulica. | in the african giant snail, achatina fulica, two pairs of cerebral neurons, v-cdns and cls, and ten pairs of buccal neurons, bls-b10s, were identified. b1-b6 and b10 were the excitatory motoneurons of buccal muscles. b7 and b8 innervated salivary ducts and b9 extended its axons to the cerebral ganglia although their functions were not clear yet. serotonergic v-cdn exerted excitatory effects on various neurons in the buccal ganglia and had modulatory effects on buccal muscles. when v-cdn, cl or b ... | 1992 | 1299123 |
| mytilus-inhibitory peptide analogues isolated from the ganglia of a pulmonate mollusc, achatina fulica. | 1. ten peptides that showed an inhibitory effect on phasic contraction of the abrm of mytilus were isolated from the ganglia of the african giant snail, achatina fulica. 2. seven of the peptides were shown to be hexapeptides having -pro-xaa-phe-val-nh2 as a common structure, which was previously shown to be a characteristic of mytilus inhibitory peptides (mips). 3. the remaining three were pentadecapeptides, each of which consisted of two mip-related hexapeptides linked by -gly-arg-arg-. | 1992 | 1354098 |
| bactericidal action of a glycoprotein from the body surface mucus of giant african snail. | 1. bactericidal action of a glycoprotein, achacin, purified from the giant african snail, achatina fulica férussac, has been studied. 2. achacin kills both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but only in their growing states. 3. achacin does not have any bacteriolytic activity. 4. the strain which has no cell wall is a little more sensitive than the native strain and the cell membrane-damaged strain. 5. achacin was observed on the cytoplasmic membrane and on the cell wall of treated escher ... | 1992 | 1379901 |
| molecular cloning of the antibacterial protein of the giant african snail, achatina fulica férussac. | an expression cdna library was constructed with poly(a)-rich rna extracted from the collar of the giant african snail, achatina fulica férussac. a 1.9-kbp cdna clone encoding a precursor of antibacterial glycoprotein of the snail, achacin, was isolated from the cdna expression library. the cdna sequence contains an open reading frame with 1593-nucleotide residues. the deduced amino acid sequence of this achacin precursor starts with a 29-residue leader peptide followed by a 502-residue mature pe ... | 1992 | 1396687 |
| crystal structure and molecular conformation of achatin-i (h-gly-d-phe-ala-asp-oh), an endogenous neuropeptide containing a d-amino acid residue. | in order to investigate the active conformation of achatin-i (h-gly-d-phe-ala-asp-oh), an endogenous neuropeptide from the achatina fulica ganglia, its crystal structure and molecular conformation were analysed by the x-ray diffraction method. crystals from methanol/dioxane are monoclinic, space group p2(1) with a = 5.083(1), b = 9.125(1), c = 20.939(3) a, beta = 94.73(1) degrees. the structure was solved by direct methods and refined to r = 0.051 for 1714 independent reflections with /fo/ great ... | 1992 | 1399265 |
| albumen gland of the snail achatina fulica is the site for synthesis of achatininh, a sialic acid binding lectin. | a sialic acid binding lectin, achatininh was purified from the hemolymph of achatina fulica snail. to identify the site of synthesis of achatininh, in vitro incubation studies in presence of labelled amino acid precursor were performed. different organs from the snail were sliced and incubated in methionine-deficient eagle's minimum essential medium containing [35s]-methionine at 25 degrees c for 5 h. after termination of incubation, tissues were homogenized, centrifuged and the de novo synthesi ... | 1992 | 1488046 |
| synaptic innervation of the giant cerebral neuron in sated and hungry snails. | the giant cerebral neuron (gcn) is a serotoninergic cell that facilitates feeding behaviour in gastropod molluscs. we have examined the morphology of its cerebral arborizations after labelling them by intracellular injection of hexamminecobalt. observations in the light microscope reveal extensive arborizations, with similar overall distributions, in the terrestrial snails achatina fulica and rumina decollata. all the major peripheral nerves terminate within the zone covered by the gcn arbor. in ... | 1992 | 1583157 |
| effect of the d-phe2 residue on molecular conformation of an endogenous neuropeptide achatin-i. comparison of x-ray crystal structures of achatin-i (h-gly-d-phe-ala-asp-oh) and achatin-ii (h-gly-phe-ala-asp-oh). | the molecular conformation of achatin-ii neutral form (h-gly-phe-ala-asp-oh), an endogenous peptide from the achatina fulica ganglia, was elucidated by x-ray crystal analysis. the molecule takes an extended beta-pleated structure stabilized by 5 intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the antiparallely arranged molecules. this is in contrast with the turn conformation of a neuroactive achatin-i (h-gly-d-phe-ala-asp-oh) [(1992) febs lett. 276,95-97]. the conformational comparison of both of the molecu ... | 1992 | 1644179 |
| [the effect of ethanol on the food behavior of the snail achatina fulica]. | the feeding behaviour of the land snails achatina fulica was used for investigation of the effects of different doses of ethanol. the time from the beginning of food (carrot) exposure till the removal of the carrot from the needle was measured. regression analysis revealed the opportunity of approximation with exponential mathematical model of feeding behaviour time progressive decrease during food exposure. 1% ethanol solution injected into cephalopedal sinus inhibited the feeding behaviour to ... | 1991 | 1656641 |
| modification of effects of biologically active peptides, caused by enzyme treatment, on the excitability of identifiable giant neurones of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | physalaemin, which excites an identifiable mooluscan giant neurone (the tan, tonically autoactive neurone), lost the effect after the trypsin treatment. unexpectedly, this peptide shows an inhibitory effect on the same neurone after chymotrypsin treatment. deamino-dicarba-(d-d-)oxytocin and d-d-arg-vasotocin, which excite another identifiable neurone (the pon, periodically oscillating neurone) continue to show the effect after chymotrypsin treatment (6 h). but d-d-arg-vasotocin losts the effect ... | 1977 | 844577 |
| effects of ibotenic acid, quisqualic acid and their relatives on the excitability of an identifiable giant neurone of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | an identifiable giant neurone, pon (periodically oscillating neurone), of achatina fulica ferussac, inhibited by erythro-beta-hydroxy-l-glutamic acid, was also inhibited by 2 relatives of beta-hydroxy glutamic acid, ibotenic acid and quisqualic acid. these substances similarly showed the effect on the neurone even in the chloride-free medium. | 1977 | 858370 |
| effects of some oligopeptides, consisting of aromatic amino acids, on the excitability of an identifiable giant neurone of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | l-phe-l-tyr and l-lys-l-phe-l-tyr showed a marked inhibitory effect (not chloride-dependent) on the excitability of an identifiable giant neurone (the tan) of achatina fulica férussac, while l-tyr-l-phe, l-tyr-l-tyr, l-phe-l-phe, l-lys-l-phe and z-l-phe-l-tyr (z-: carbobenzoxy) had no effect. | 1977 | 908410 |
| purification of achatin-i from the atria of the african giant snail, achatina fulica, and its possible function. | achatin-i previously purified from the ganglia of the african giant snail achatina fulica was isolated from the atria of this snail. achatin-i appeared to enhance the cardiac activity in two ways; centrally this peptide increased impulse frequency and produced spike broadening of the identified heart excitatory neuron, pon, and peripherally it enhanced amplitude and frequency of the heart beat. achatin-i showed excitatory actions not only on the heart but on several other muscles. | 1991 | 1675568 |
| oxytocin-induced sodium current is mediated by camp-dependent protein phosphorylation in an identified snail neuron. | the intracellular biochemical process underlying oxytocin-induced change of membrane properties was analyzed in an identified neuron of achatina fulica férussac, using pressure injection technique and pharmacological tools. oxytocin dose-dependently enhanced the negative slope resistance (nsr) region on the current-voltage relation. the oxytocin-induced current was attenuated by a reduction of extracellular na+ and not influenced by the addition of 100 microm tetrodotoxin (ttx) to the medium, su ... | 1990 | 1695863 |
| axonal regeneration and sprouting following injury to the cerebral-buccal connective in the snail achatina fulica. | axonal sprouting and regeneration were studied in the land snail achatina fulica following a unilateral crush to the cerebral-buccal connective. both normal projection patterns and changes induced by injury were examined with axonal filling techniques. as expected, most staining was lost shortly after the crush when filling across the lesion site. much of this decrease is attributable to the direct disruption of fiber pathways, but evidence also indicates that a limited amount of retraction of s ... | 1990 | 1701775 |
| slow inward current induced by achatin-i, an endogenous peptide with a d-phe residue. | following a preliminary report on the isolation of a neuroactive tetrapeptide, achatin-i (gly-d-phe-l-ala-l-asp) that has a d-phenylalanine residue, from the achatina fulica ganglia, the pharmacological features of this peptide on achatina giant neurones were now worked out in detail. of the eight possible stereoisomers, only achatin-i markedly, and [d-ala3]achatin-i slightly, induced a slow inward current (iin) with an increase in membrane conductance (g) of the identifiable neurones, tonically ... | 1991 | 1711979 |
| eosinophilic meningitis beyond the pacific basin: the global dispersal of a peridomestic zoonosis caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis, the nematode lungworm of rats. | the principal etiologic agent of human eosinophilic meningitis, angiostrongylus cantonensis, was first detected in rats in canton, china in 1933. the first human case was detected on taiwan in 1944. epidemic outbreaks were noted on ponape (e. caroline is.) from 1944 to 1948. the disease may present as transient meningitis or a more severe disease involving the brain, spinal cord and nerve roots, with a characteristic eosinophilia of the peripheral blood and csf. since 1961 it has been known that ... | 1992 | 1738873 |
| clinical studies on angiostrongyliasis cantonensis among children in taiwan. | angiostrongyliasis cantonensis is a disease commonly seen in taiwan, especially in children during the summer rainy season. most of the cases reported in other countries were adults and their clinical manifestations were different from children. studies on special clinical characteristics of angiostrongyliasis cantonensis among 82 children in taiwan were performed. thirty-eight (46.3%) were male and 44 (53.7%) females, and 87% could be traced to a history of contact with the intermediate host, t ... | 1991 | 1822885 |
| transmission of angiostrongylus cantonensis through the giant african snail achatina fulica: an experimental study. | observations on transmission of the rat lung worm, angiostrongylus cantonensis, from rats to the snail intermediate host. achatina fulica, in a vacant lot in bangkok are described. the prevalence of a. cantonensis increased with snail age until 200 days of age when it attained a plateau of 50-60%. the overall prevalence was 53%. the worm burden slowly rose with age until 200 days of age beyond which it remained relatively constant. the highest mean worm burden of 5,478 was observed in the oldest ... | 1991 | 1822886 |
| structure-activity relationship studies on the endogenous neuroactive tetrapeptide achatin-i on giant neurons of achatina fulica ferussac. | the structure-activity relationships of achatin-i, a neuroactive peptide containing a d-phenylalanine residue, for producing excitatory effects on three different types of achatina neurons, pon, tan and d-rcdn, were studied under the voltage clamp method. of the peptides examined, only gly-gly-d-phe-l-ala-l-asp (iv). d-phe-l-ala-l-asp (v) and gly-d-phe-l-ala-l-asn (xvi) produced an inward current with increased membrane conductance similar to achatin-1 (i). the structure-activity relationship wa ... | 1991 | 1673213 |
| isolation of achatin-i, a neuroactive tetrapeptide having a d-phenylalanine residue, from achatina ganglia, and its effects on achatina giant neurones. | 1. we have isolated a neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide having a d-phenylalanine (gly-d-phe-l-ala-l-asp) from the ganglia of achatina fulica férussac. this peptide was termed achatin-i (kamatani et al., 1989). in the present report, we shall present highlights from the original paper concerning the process of peptide isolation and the examination of its effects. 2. from the ganglia of about 30,000 animals, we obtained 50 micrograms of achatin-i and 17 micrograms of its stereoisomer consisting of only ... | 1991 | 1673921 |
| current status of food-borne parasitic zoonoses in taiwan. | more than 50 species of zoonotic parasites (nematodes-18 spp., trematodes-19 spp., cestodes-10 spp., protozoa-2 spp., and arthropods-2 spp.) have been reported in taiwan. among them, angiostrongylus cantonensis, clonorchis sinensis and taenia saginata are the most important and most common food-borne parasites. angiostrongyliasis is highly endemic in southern and eastern taiwan. about 80% of patients are children below 15 years of age, mostly infected after eating achatina fulica during may and ... | 1991 | 1822939 |
| [features of the chlorine-dependent effect of acetylcholine and neutral amino acids on neurons of the achatina snail]. | responses of neurons in cerebral ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica) to acetylcholine (ach), gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) and glycine (gly) were investigated. cl-dependent currents induced by these mediators in neurons of one and a half month old snail sibs were inhibited by dibutyryl-camp and strychnine. inhibition of ach-responses by 10(-8) mol/l gaba was mimicked by applications of dibutyryl-camp and isobutylmethylxanthine. gaba- and gly-responses exhibited complete cross-de ... | 1991 | 1851967 |
| fulicin, a novel neuropeptide containing a d-amino acid residue isolated from the ganglia of achatina fulica. | a novel pentapeptide containing a d-amino acid residue was purified from the central ganglia of the african giant snail achatina fulica ferussac, and it was named fulicin. the primary structure of the peptide was determined to be phe-d-asn-glu-phe-val-nh2. fulicin potentiated tetanic contraction of the penis retractor muscle of this snail at very low concentrations, and also showed modulatory actions on the activity of the buccal and ventricular muscles and the central ganglionic neurons. | 1991 | 1859408 |
| stability of dendritic mass during aestivation. | in hot and dry weather, terrestrial snails withdraw into their shells and remain inactive for long periods of time. this phenomenon, known as aestivation, is the basis for our investigation of the effects of behavioral inactivity on neuronal structure. several recent studies have shown that the level of afferent electrical activity is an important modifier of structure, even in adult animals. during aestivation, sensory stimulation (and therefore presumably afferent activity) is greatly reduced. ... | 1991 | 2005237 |
| apgw-amide as an inhibitory neurotransmitter of achatina fulica ferussac. | apgwamide (l-ala-l-pro-gly-l-trp-nh2) was purified from the ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica ferussac). this peptide inhibited (hyperpolarized) more than half of the achatina neurone types tested. this produced an outward current with the membrane conductance increase of rapn (right anterior pallial neurone) under voltage clamp. the ed50 of the peptide was 6.2 x 10(-6) m (95% confidence limit: 5.0-7.8 x 10(-6) m) and the emax was 3.9 +/- 0.2 na. the effects were due to a membra ... | 1991 | 2043112 |
| [comparison of antagonistic effects of several drugs on calcium current in a giant neuron of an african snail (achatina fulica férussac)]. | antagonistic effects of several drugs on the calcium current (ica) of a giant neurone, pon (periodically oscillating neurone), of an african snail (achatina fulica ferussac) were compared under the voltage clamp. according to their ic50 values and the confidence limit at 95%, the order of effectiveness of the drugs was: brovincamine, verapamil greater than or equal to isoperisone, eperisone, d-diltiazem greater than or equal to vincamine, l-diltiazem, tolperisone. their ic50 values were assumed ... | 1990 | 2148902 |
| pharmacological characteristics of two different types of inhibitory gaba receptors on achatina fulica neurones. | gaba (gamma-aminobutyric acid) receptors of achatina fulica neurones have been classified into two types associated with neuronal inhibition and one type with excitation. the pharmacological features of muscimol i and baclofen types associated with inhibition were investigated in this study. activation of muscimol i type receptors on tan (tonically autoactive neurone) by gaba, muscimol and trans-4-aminocrotonic acid (taca) produced a transient outward current (iout) with an increase in membrane ... | 1990 | 2169426 |
| c-reactive protein (crp) in haemolymph of a mollusc, achatina fulica bowdich. | c-reactive protein (crp) was found to be one of the major components of the haemolymph of a. fulica with a normal level of approximately 2 mg crp/ml haemolymph. immunological cross-reactivity was found between crp from a. fulica, a mollusc and limulus polyphemus, an arthropod. the present finding demonstrates the evolutionary significance of c-reactive protein. | 1990 | 2253974 |
| bimodality in the nocturnal behavior of the giant land snail, achatina fulica. | entrainment and phase advance of the circadian locomotor rhythms in the giant land snail, achatina fulica, were examined by a running wheel method. the mean activity patterns in three light-dark (ld) cycles (ld 14: 10, ld12: 12, ld 10: 14) were characterized by bimodal peaks, namely an initial major peak 1-2 hr after the onset of darkness and a later peak after nearly 6 hr. the activity rhythms were able to follow a 6 hr phase advance shift of the ld 14: 10 cycle with transients, accompanied by ... | 1990 | 2264061 |
| the polyclonal activation of lymphocytes and t cell mitogenicity by a unique sialic-acid-binding lectin from the hemolymph of achatina fulica snail. | a unique sialic-acid-binding lectin, achatininh, isolated from the hemolymph of achatina fulica snail was found to be strongly mitogenic, as monitored by [3h]thymidine incorporation assay, to rat and human lymphocytes. however, the degree of mitogenic response varied with the type of cell population. as indicated, this lectin induced proliferation of purified t lymphocytes and rat thymocytes, whereas it was less mitogenic towards peripheral lymphocytes of pregnant rats and was not mitogenic towa ... | 1990 | 2266001 |
| a novel cardio-excitatory peptide isolated from the atria of the african giant snail, achatina fulica. | an undecapeptide which potentiates the beat of the ventricle in the african giant snail, achatina fulica ferussac, was purified from the atria of the snail. its primary structure was determined to be h-ser-gly-gln-ser-trp-arg-pro-gln-gly-arg-phe-nh2. this peptide was found to have excitatory actions not only on the ventricle but also on the penis retractor muscle, the buccal muscle and the identified neurons controlling the buccal muscle movement of achatina. | 1990 | 2322251 |
| a monosynaptic connection between identified snail neurons. | electrophysiological and morphological studies of a monosynaptic connection are performed on specimens of the isolated cns of the snail achatina fulica, using the standard techniques of intracellular leading-off and neuron stimulation and intracellular pressure injection of cobalt chloride. the presence of a monosynaptic connection between two identified neurons is demonstrated both in the physiological experiment and by means of the intracellular dye. | 1990 | 2366937 |
| acetylcholine-induced hyperpolarization in identified neurones of the african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | three types of hyperpolarization in response to applied acetylcholine (ach) were observed in 4 identified neurones (rp1, rp2, rp3 and rp4) in the right parietal ganglion of the african giant snail, achatina fulica férussac. in order to clarify the ionic mechanisms of these responses, the neurones were voltage-clamped using two microelectrodes and the reversal potential of the ach-induced currents was measured under several external ionic environments. experiments revealed the existence of two di ... | 1986 | 2424560 |
| a single step purification of a sialic acid binding lectin (achatininh) from achatina fulica snail. | a sialic acid binding lectin, achatininh, was purified in single step from the hemolymph of the land snail, achatina fulica, by the affinity chromatography on sheep submaxillary mucin coupled to sepharose 4b. the yield of the lectin was found to be 3 mg from 100 ml of hemolymph. the homogeneity of the lectin was established by alkaline gel electrophoresis, immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and analytical isoelectrophoresis. the molecular weight of the native protein was 242,000, having iden ... | 1986 | 2430170 |
| effects of synthetic omega-conotoxin gvia (omega-cgtx gvia) on the membrane calcium current of an identifiable giant neurone, d-rpln, of an african giant snail (achatina fulica ferussac), measured under the voltage clamp condition. | 1. the sodium and the calcium inward currents (ina and ica) of an identifiable giant neurone, d-rpln (dorsal-right parietal large neurone), of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac), were measured separately under the voltage clamp condition. 2. the effects of synthetic omega-conotoxin gvia (omega-cgtx gvia) on the calcium current of the neuromembrane were examined. 3. omega-cgtx gvia is a peptide venom originally isolated from a fish-hunting marine snail (conus geographus l.); the pe ... | 1987 | 2443302 |
| two serotonin-sensitive potassium channels in the identified heart excitatory neurone of the african giant snail, achatina fulica fèrussac. | by the patch clamp experiments, two serotonin-sensitive k+ channels (sl-channel and ss-channel) were demonstrated in the identified heart excitatory neurone (pon) of the african giant snail, achatina fulica fèrussac. the activities of both channels could be recorded in the steady state and those activities disappeared on application of 5-ht. | 1988 | 2458282 |
| [the monosynaptic connection between identified neurons in the snail]. | monosynaptic connection between two identified neurones was investigated using electrophysiological and morphological methods in preparation of isolated nervous system of the snail achatina fulica. intracellular pressure injection of cobalt chloride was used for staining of neuronal branches. electrophysiologically revealed synaptic connection between two giant neurones was identified to be monosynaptic by morphological methods. | 1989 | 2473579 |
| mantle phenoloxidase activity and its role in sclerotization in a snail achatina fulica. | the precursors of sclerotin such as phenol and phenoloxidase have been localized in the mantle tissue of achatina fulica based on incubation study. the phenolic compound exists as dopyl protein. the mantle shows both mono- and diphenoloxidase activity as evidenced by the effective oxidation of tyrosine and dopa. the enzyme shows a ph optimum of 6.5. chemicals acting on the mantle phenoloxidase reveal that it contains sulphydryl groups. studies on the effect of temperature show that the heat inac ... | 1989 | 2475089 |
| suppression of calcium current in a snail neurone by eperisone and its analogues. | the effects of eperisone, tolperisone and isoperisone on the calcium current (ica) were studied in an identified neurone of achatina fulica under voltage clamping. at a holding voltage of -50 mv, these drugs inhibited ica dose dependently without affecting activation time. eperisone (ic50 = 0.348 mm) and isoperisone (0.226 mm) were significantly more effective than tolperisone (1.089 mm). eperisone binds competitively with ca2+ to the ca2+ channels, based on its effects seen with various extrace ... | 1989 | 2555204 |
| achatin-i, an endogenous neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide from achatina fulica férussac containing a d-amino acid residue. | a tetrapeptide named achatin-i was purified from the suboesophageal and cerebral ganglia of the african giant snail achatina fulica férussac, and evoked a potent neuroexcitatory effect. the amino acid sequence of achatin-i is gly-d-phe-ala-asp. achatin-i induced a voltage-dependent inward current, due to na+, on the identifiable giant neuron, periodically oscillating neuron (pon), of the same snail. all possible isomers of achatin-i were synthesized using the solid-phase method. the sensitivity ... | 1989 | 2597281 |
| effects of mytilus inhibitory peptides on a giant neurone of achatina fulica férussac. | among several identifiable neurones of achatina fulica férussac, rapn (right anterior pallial neurone) was sensitive to the two mytilus inhibitory peptides (mips), h-gly-ser-pro-met-phe-val-nh2 ([ser2]mip) and h-gly-ala-pro-met-phe-val-nh2 ([ala2]mip), and their fragments, h-pro-met-phe-val-nh2 (mip-(3-6)) and h-met-phe-val-nh2 (mip-(4-6)). these peptides, applied either locally by pneumatic pressure or in the bath, produced a slow outward current with an increase in membrane conductance. the ot ... | 1989 | 2620701 |
| interganglionic dendrites constitute an output pathway from the procerebrum of the snail achatina fulica. | the procerebrum is an olfactory processing region that occupies approximately one-third of the total brain area in pulmonate gastropod molluscs. it has many unusual features, including a development separate from the rest of the brain and the absence of axons belonging to its intrinsic neurons. we have investigated the input and output pathways of the procerebrum in the terrestrial snail achatina fulica by using hexamminecobalt chloride as a selective label. both the tentacle nerve and the cereb ... | 1989 | 2732357 |
| classification of gaba receptors in snail neurones. | the present study aimed to elucidate the pharmacological features of gaba receptors on identifiable neurones of achatina fulica férussac by testing the effects of gaba analogues, muscimol, (+/-)-baclofen, (-)-beta-hydroxy gaba and those conformationally fixed in either the extended or folded form of carbon chain, such as trans- and cis-isomers of (+/-)-2-(aminomethyl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid [+/-)-cyclo-gaba-extended and (+/-)-cyclo-gaba-folded) and trans-4-amino-crotonic acid (gaba-extend ... | 1988 | 2853063 |
| the development of transmission at an identified molluscan synapse. i. the emergence of synaptic plasticities. | 1. a monosynaptic, chemical synapse exists between two identified neurons in the subesophageal ganglia of the pulmonate mollusc, achatina fulica. the snail undergoes a direct development, i.e., there is no intervening metamorphic period. the presynaptic (v2) and postsynaptic (rpr1) cells are two of the largest neurons found in the ganglia. the development of transmission at this synapse was studied from the last one-third of embryonic life to adulthood. 2. synaptic transmission was studied by el ... | 1988 | 2853209 |
| pharmacological characteristics of four giant neurons identified in the cerebral ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | two giant neurons, d-rcdn (dorsal-right cerebral distinct neuron) and d-lcdn (dorsal left cerebral distinct neuron), with a diameter of about 100 microns, were found symmetrically on the dorsal surface of the cerebral ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). they showed spontaneous spike discharges at a stable frequency. two giant neurons, v-rcdn (ventral-right cerebral distinct neuron) and v-lcdn (ventral-left cerebral distinct neuron), (diameter, approx. 150 microns) were ... | 1985 | 2858331 |
| pharmacological characteristics of three silent giant neurons, v-lpsn, v-1-vorn and v-vln, identified on the ventral surface in the left parietal and the visceral ganglia of the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | three giant neurons, named v-lpsn, v-1-vorn and v-vln, were identified on the ventral surface of the left parietal ganglion and the visceral ganglion in the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). they lacked the spontaneous spike discharges in the normal state. the pharmacological features of the three neurons, in relation to the principal common neurotransmitter substances and their derivatives were examined. the v-lpsn (ventral-left parietal silent neuron) ... | 1985 | 2861018 |
| effects of four stereoisomers of beta-hydroxyglutamic acid on identifiable giant neurons of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | the effects of four stereoisomers of beta-hydroxyglutamic acid (erythro-l-bhga, threo-l-bhga, erythro-d-bhga and threo-d-bhga) and glutamic acid (l-glu and d-glu) were compared on six identifiable giant neurons of achatina fulica férussac, namely, pon (periodically oscillating neuron), vin (visceral intermittently firing neuron), d-rpln (dorsal-right parietal large neuron), rapn (right anterior pallial neuron), fan (frequently autoactive neuron) and v-rcdn (ventral-right cerebral distinct neuron ... | 1985 | 2862044 |
| effects of glutamic acid analogues on identifiable giant neurones, sensitive to beta-hydroxy-l-glutamic acid, of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). | the effects of the seven glutamic acid analogues, alpha-kainic acid, alpha-allo-kainic acid, domoic acid, erythro-l-tricholomic acid, dl-ibotenic acid, l-quisqualic acid and allo-gamma-hydroxy-l-glutamic acid were examined on six identifiable giant neurones of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). the neurones studied were: pon (periodically oscillating neurone), d-rpln (dorsal-right parietal large neurone), vin (visceral intermittently firing neurone), rapn (right anterior pallial ... | 1985 | 2866005 |
| purification and characterization of an antibacterial factor from snail mucus. | the antibacterial factor from the body surface of the african giant snail, achatina fulica férussac, was isolated by deae-toyopearl 650m ion exchange chromatography. the isolated preparation exhibited highly positive antibacterial activity both for the gram-positive bacteria, bacillus subtilis and staphylococcus aureus and for the gram-negative bacteria, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa, but it lost such activity when heated at 75 degrees c for 5 min. the antibacterial factor of the s ... | 1985 | 2866907 |
| decreases of action potential amplitudes, in sodium-free and calcium-free conditions, of identifiable giant neurons of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac)--i. the right parietal ganglion. | decreases of the action potential amplitude in sodium- and calcium-free states were observed with respect to the four giant neurons, pon (periodically oscillating neuron), tan (tonically autoactive neuron), rapn (right anterior pallial neuron) and d-rpln (dorsal-right parietal large neuron), identified in the right parietal ganglion of the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). the decrease of the pon action potential amplitude, caused in the sodium-free sta ... | 1986 | 2871971 |
| presence of tan (tonically autoactive neuron) and its two analogous neurons, located in the right parietal ganglion of the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica ferussac). morphological and electrophysiological studies. | three identifiable giant neurons, which were morphologically and pharmacologically identical, named tan (tonically autoactive neuron), tan-2 and tan-3, were found in line on the dorsal surface of the right parietal ganglion in the suboesophageal ganglia of an african giant snail (achatina fulica férussac). the diameters of these neurons were 150-200 microns. they showed regular spontaneous spike discharges at the rate of 30-40 per min. however, the spike discharges of the three neurons were not ... | 1986 | 2871998 |
| studies on the effects of dietary beryllium at two different calcium concentrations in achatina fulica (pulmonata). | the mortality was highest in snails fed beryllium in the diet containing the sub-optimal concentration of calcium. there was no increase in weight over an 8 week period. snails fed the diet containing the optimal concentration of calcium without added beryllium showed maximum weight increase but calcium alone may not be responsible for elevated growth rate. dietary calcium enhancement appears to be responsible for the reduced concentration of zinc, magnesium, phosphate and beryllium in the tissu ... | 1986 | 2872011 |