| the role of holotrichs in the metabolism of dietary linoleic acid in the rumen. | the uptake and metabolism of linoleic acid by rumen holotrichs (mainly isotricha prostoma and i. intestinalis) has been examined in in vitro infusion experiments. maximum absorption and metabolism of [1-14c]linoleate by 2 . 10(6) isotricha suspended in 100 ml buffer was obtained using an infusion rate of 1.6 mg linoleate/h. after 90 min, 84% of the added substrate was recovered within the cells, mainly as free fatty acid or phospholipid. there was a rapid incorporation of radioactivity into phos ... | 1978 | 563731 |
| purification and characterization of a heterogeneous glycosylated invertase from the rumen holotrich ciliate isotricha prostoma. | the invertase (beta-fructofuranosidase, ec 3.2.1.26) of the rumen holotrich ciliate isotricha prostoma has been purified. this is the first report of an enzyme purification from a known species of rumen protozoon. cells were disrupted by ultrasonic treatment and the enzyme was purified from the cell-free extract by three successive liquid column chromatographies (sepharose cl4b/octyl-sepharose cl4b, de52 deae-cellulose and concanavalin a-sepharose 4b). this resulted in a 160-fold purification an ... | 1989 | 2515852 |
| presence of a fructose-2,6-bisphosphate-insensitive pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase in the anaerobic protozoa tritrichomonas foetus, trichomonas vaginalis and isotricha prostoma. | extracts of the anaerobic protozoa tritrichomonas foetus, trichomonas vaginalis and isotricha prostoma contained a high activity (0.5-1 mumol min-1 (mg protein)-1) of pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase (ppi-pfk), but no detectable atp: fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase. ppi-pfk from i. prostoma was purified close to homogeneity by adsorption on phospho-ultrogel and elution with fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and subsequent anion-exchange chromatography. the enzyme had an mr ... | 1989 | 2558319 |
| incorporation of 14c-labelled components of escherichia coli and of amino acids by isotricha intestinalis and isotricha prostoma from the sheep rumen. | | 1967 | 4965675 |
| [amino acid metabolism of isolated ruminant protozoa (isotricha prostoma and i. intestinalis). 1. studies on the catabolism of amino acids]. | | 1971 | 4999847 |
| [amino acid metabolism of isolated ruminant protozoa (isotricha prostoma and i. intestinalis). 2. excretion of amino acids]. | | 1971 | 4999848 |
| biochemical and immunological characterization of the microfibrillar ecto-endoplasmic boundary in the ciliate isotricha prostoma. | the cytoplasm of the ciliated protozoan isotricha prostoma is compartmented by a continuous fibrillar system made up of a double layer of 4 nm-diameter filaments: the microfibrillar ecto-endoplasmic boundary (eeb). isolation of this structure after treatment of the cells in a buffer of low ionic strength in the presence of the detergent triton x-100 evidenced connections linking the two filamentous layers. one dimensional electrophoresis on sds-polyacrylamide gel of eeb fractions revealed severa ... | 1984 | 6237701 |
| hydrogenosomes in a mixed isolate of isotricha prostoma and isotricha intestinalis from ovine rumen contents. | 1. both isotricha intestinalis and i. prostoma possess microbody-like organelles, with a highly granular appearance. 2. these organelles, which are sedimentable at 10(5) g-min, bear no morphological similarity to mitochondria, but are enzymatically similar to organelles possessed by certain other anaerobic protozoa and termed hydrogenosomes. 3. the hydrogenosomes isolated from a preparation of mixed isotrichs bear a closer similarity to those isolated from the other rumen holotrich. dasytricha r ... | 1983 | 6403285 |
| kinetic parameters of lactate dehydrogenases of some rumen bacterial species, the anaerobic ciliate isotricha prostoma and mixed rumen microorganisms. | a number of kinetic parameters of the lactate dehydrogenases of three rumen bacterial species (peptostreptococcus productus, propionibacterium acnes and actinomyces viscosus), the rumen ciliate isotricha prostoma and mixed rumen microorganisms (mrm) with respect to nadh, pyruvate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate (fdp) as well as the effects of several nucleotide phosphates were studied. partially purified ldh of peptostr. productus had the same kinetic parameters as in crude cell free extracts. values ... | 1980 | 6778389 |
| rôle of the rumen ciliate protozoa polyplastron multivesiculatum, entodinium sp. and isotricha prostoma in the digestion of a mixed diet in sheep. | | 1981 | 6818640 |
| the importance of methanogens associated with ciliate protozoa in ruminal methane production in vitro. | the importance of methanogenic bacteria associated with ciliate protozoa was estimated either by removing protozoa from whole rumen fluid (using defaunated rumen fluid to correct for the effects of centrifugation on bacteria) or by isolating the protozoa. rumen fluid was withdrawn from sheep inoculated with either polyplastron multivesiculatum, a co-culture of isotricha prostoma plus entodinium spp. or a mixed type b fauna of entodinium, eudiplodinium and epidinium spp. methanogenesis was highes ... | 1995 | 7576513 |
| analysis of intraspecific sequence variation among eight isolates of the rumen symbiont, isotricha prostoma (ciliophora), from two continents. | the internally transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 (its-1 and its-2) and the 5.8s ribosomal rna gene of isotricha prostoma were examined for intraspecific sequence variation. there were no differences in the its-1/5.8s/its-2 region among cattle and sheep isolates of i. prostoma from australia, canada, and the united states, indicating that this region is 100% conserved among eight isolates from two continents. | 1999 | 10461387 |
| two-step freezing procedure for cryopreservation of rumen ciliates, an effective tool for creation of a frozen rumen protozoa bank. | the present study aimed at the long-term storage of rumen protozoa as living cells in liquid nitrogen. the two-step or interrupted slow freezing procedure was used to cryopreserve six of the dominant species of rumen ciliates isolated from monofaunated animals, dasytricha ruminantium, entodinium caudatum, epidinium ecaudatum caudatum, eudiplodinium maggii, isotricha prostoma, and polyplastron multivesiculatum. we optimized the first step in the interrupted slow freezing procedure, from the extra ... | 2003 | 12839750 |
| lipid metabolism of rumen ciliates and bacteria. i. uptake of fatty acids by isotricha prostoma and entodinium simplex. | washed suspensions of the ruminal ciliates, isotricha prostoma and entodinium simplex, concentrated c(14)-labeled oleic, palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids within the cells during short incubation periods. radioautographs demonstrated that oleic acid-1-c(14) was hydrogenated to stearic acid by i. prostoma, and warburg manometric data showed that the sodium salts of oleic, valeric, caproic, and acetic acids, and methyl myristate, methyl laurate, and the triglyceride tributyrin stimulated ferme ... | 1962 | 13951437 |
| [fixation of co2 in amino acids by isolated rumen protozoa. (isotricha prostoma and isotrichia intestinalis)]. | | 1965 | 14309422 |
| potential of galvanotaxis to separation and cleaning of rumen ciliates. | the ability of rumen ciliate protozoa to move in a unidirectional electrical field from the anode to the cathode was tested in large-volume electromigration equipment; the aim was to concentrate the microorganisms and clean them of impurities. during galvanotaxis in the freshly harvested rumen fluid and at a voltage of 10 v (i=0.8 ma), cells of isotricha (isotricha prostoma, isotricha intestinalis) were the first to swim towards the cathode; 1 min later, they were followed by dasytricha ruminant ... | 2004 | 15003689 |
| horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to rumen ciliates indicates adaptation to their anaerobic, carbohydrates-rich environment. | the horizontal transfer of expressed genes from bacteria into ciliates which live in close contact with each other in the rumen (the foregut of ruminants) was studied using ciliate expressed sequence tags (ests). more than 4000 ests were sequenced from representatives of the two major groups of rumen cilates: the order entodiniomorphida (entodinium simplex, entodinium caudatum, eudiplodinium maggii, metadinium medium, diploplastron affine, polyplastron multivesiculatum and epidinium ecaudatum) a ... | 2006 | 16472398 |
| molecular phylogeny of litostome ciliates (ciliophora, litostomatea) with emphasis on free-living haptorian genera. | the monophyly of the litostomes was tested using nine newly sequenced and four previously unpublished small subunit ribosomal rna (ssrrna) gene sequences from free-living haptoria as well as from endosymbiotic trichostomatia: the vestibuliferids balantidium coli and isotricha prostoma, the cyclotrichiid mesodinium pulex, and the haptorids loxophyllum rostratum, dileptus sp., enchelyodon sp., enchelys polynucleata, epispathidium papilliferum (isolates a and b), spathidium stammeri, arcuospathidiu ... | 2006 | 16843062 |
| dasytricha dominance in surti buffalo rumen revealed by 18s rrna sequences and real-time pcr assay. | the genetic diversity of protozoa in surti buffalo rumen was studied by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis, 18s rdna sequence homology and phylogenetic and real-time pcr analysis methods. three animals were fed diet comprised green fodder napier bajra 21 (pennisetum purpureum), mature pasture grass (dicanthium annulatum) and concentrate mixture (20% crude protein, 65% total digestible nutrients). a protozoa-specific primer (p-ssu-342f) and a eukarya-specific primer (medlin b) were used ... | 2011 | 21744288 |
| rumen ciliate protozoa of domestic sheep (ovis aries) and goat (capra aegagrus hircus) in kyrgyzstan. | species composition and concentration of rumen ciliate protozoa were investigated in the rumen contents of 14 domestic sheep and 1 goat living in bishkek, kyrgyzstan. this is the first report on rumen ciliates from ruminants living in kyrgyzstan. in sheep 12 genera, 28 species and 12 morphotypes were detected, whereas in goat 8 genera, 12 species and 4 morphotypes were detected. the density of ciliates in sheep was (28.1 ± 20.0) × 10(4) cells ml(-1) and in goat was 37.0 × 10(4) cells ml(-1). das ... | 2016 | 26850444 |
| rumen ciliates of domestic cattle (bos taurus taurus) in kastamonu, turkey, with the description of a new species. | species composition and distribution of ciliates were investigated in the rumen contents of 25 domestic cattle (bos taurus taurus l.) living in kastamonu, turkey. forty-seven species and 37 morphotypes representing 15 genera were identified. of them, a new species of ostracodinium was recognized and described as ostracodinium anatolicum n. sp. this new species has two caudal lobes. the dorsal lobe is small and rounded and the ventral lobe is triangular shaped and bent toward the dorsal side like ... | 2016 | 27529409 |
| role of the protozoan isotricha prostoma, liquid-, and solid-associated bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid. | from the simultaneous accumulation of hydrogenation intermediates and the disappearance of isotricha prostoma after algae supplementation, we suggested a role of this ciliate and/or its associated bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. the experiments described here evaluated the role of i. prostoma and/or its associated endogenous and exogenous bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of c18:2n-6 and its main intermediates cla c9t11 and c18:1t11. fractions of i. prostoma and a ... | 2009 | 22444816 |