| poly(ethylene oxide), a new slowing agent for protozoa. | the water-soluble, viscoelastic resin polyox wsr 301), a poly(ethylene oxide) of high molecular weight (approximately 4 million) is introduces as a new slowing agent for protozoa. generally, as the kinetic viscosity of the resin increased from 0.25% to 1% (w/v), the swimming velocity of euglena gracilis, didnium nasutum, paramecium aurelia, blepharisma undulans, and prorodon platyodon decreased. the 1.0% solution had the highest viscosity and decreased velocity more effectively than 1.0% methyl ... | 1977 | 21290 |
| the interactions of intracellular protista and their host cells, with special reference to heterotrophic organisms. | intracellular genera are found in all the major groups of protista, but are particularly common among the dinoflagellates, trypanosomatid zooflagellates and suctorian ciliates; the sporozoa are nearly all intracellular at some stage of their life, and the microspora entirely so. intracellular forms can dwell in the nucleus, within phagosomal or other vacuoles or may lie free in the hyaloplasm of their host cells. organisms tend to select their hosts from a restricted taxonomic range although the ... | 1979 | 36619 |
| partial purification and characterization of a bacteriolytic enzyme secreted by tetrahymena. | tetrahymena pyriformis strain hsm secretes large quantities of acid hydrolases into the culture medium. an enzyme secreted by the ciliate and capable of degrading walls of streptococci was identified and purified to a considerable degree. the ph optimum of this enzyme was 3--4, and it was eluted after cytochrome c from sephadex g-75 columns. unlike lysozyme, the enzyme was thermolabile at ph 2.9, but relatively thermostable at ph 8.1. it degraded 14c-labeled cell walls of streptococci releasing ... | 1979 | 39168 |
| studies on the biodegradation of nonionic surfactants applied in the polyestre fibre industry. iii. effect of adaptation on the respiratory activity of organisms and on the biocenosis of inoculated sludge. | manometric studies were conducted in 3 series. in the first one the sludge used for inoculation was non adapted to water purification containing surfactants. in the second and third series it was adapted to the sludge load 0.11 and 0.28 mg surfactant/mg d.w./day respectively. increase in oxygen uptake was proportional to the degree of the adaptation of microorganisms only within limited range of surfactant concentration not exceeding 500 mg/l for cirrasol fp and 1000 mg/l for cirrasol sf and cir ... | 1976 | 65109 |
| a method for fixing and staining peritrich ciliates. | | 1976 | 65822 |
| electronmicroscopical studies on the argyrophilic structures of colpidium campylum (ciliata, tetrahymenidae). | | 1977 | 74928 |
| transformation in tetrahymena pyriformis: description of an inducible phenotype. | transformation of tetrahymena pyriformis to a rapid-swimming (presumably dispersal) form can be induced by washing cells and suspending them in distilled h2o, dryl's solution or 10 mm tris. transformation is possible with high efficiency in mass cultures of axenically grown cells within approximately 5 h at 30 c. the radically different phenotype produced during transformation is characterized by a more elongate body form, increased numbers of somatic basal bodies and cilia, a long caudal cilium ... | 1978 | 96253 |
| [morphobiological characteristics of infusoria of the genus chilodonella (ciliata: chlamydodontidae)]. | 8 species of fishes from fishfarms of central and north--western regions of the ussr were examined. chilodonella cyprini moroff, 1902 and ch. hexastichus kiernik, 1909 were found. the reproductive process of infusoria was investigated. the data on the susceptibility of hosts of different species and age are given. the variability of chilodonella depending on localisation and water temperature is shown. | 1978 | 97611 |
| mode of action of alkylating agents using a ciliate protozoan as a model system: part v--effect of metepa on protein synthesis in blepharisma intermedium (ciliata). | | 1978 | 100418 |
| unequal ending of the central axonemal microtubules at the axosome in the cilia of ciliates. | | 1978 | 101305 |
| size increase and form allometry during evolution of ciliate species in the genera colpoda and tillina (ciliophora: colpodida). | with the absence of a fossil record to provide direct evidence of evolutionary relationships, many researchers have inferred by circular reasoning that body size increase and form allometry have occurred during the evolution of ciliated protozoa. this study establishes ancestor-descendant relationships among five species of the related genera colpoda and tillina using ultrastructural characteristics which are not apparently dependent on size and form. this independent test suggests that phylogen ... | 1978 | 102376 |
| particle-based axenic media for tetrahymenids. | autoclavable, natural particulate media simplify axenic cultivation of tetrahymenid ciliates and presumably favor selection for phagotrophy. viability is at least 2 months at room temperature (24-26 c) for the lipid-sensitive tetrahymenids tetrahymena setosa, t. corlissi, t. paravorax, t. limacis, and t. patula, also for t. rostrata and (at 12 c), for strains of the t. pyriformis complex and glaucoma chattoni. a typical medium consists of crude soy "lecithin" + skim milk powder + saccharomyces c ... | 1978 | 102786 |
| toxicity tests on ciliates--a short review. | a variety of methods has been proposed to study the toxicity of chemicals or polluted waters on ciliates as representative test organisms of the microfauna of aquatic ecosystems. these methods are based on morphological, ultrastructural, ethological, or metabolic criteria. the techniques proposed are mostly species dependent and so are their applications and restrictions. in view of a future standardization of protozoan toxicity tests a selection has been made by the authors on the basis of the ... | 1978 | 103704 |
| the effect of tinidazole on several ciliates. | the effect of tinidazole on several ciliates (stylonychia muscorum, stylonychia mytilus, tetrahymena pyriformis, vorticella companula) has been studied. there is a very pronounced difference in sensitivity against this drug between the free-living ciliates here investigated and certain parasitic protozoa. a high resistance of the free-living ciliates against tinidazole, probably due to their aerobic condition, has been found. nonetheless, tinidazole at high doses (1--3 mg/ml) caused severe alter ... | 1979 | 105840 |
| chromatin structure in the macronucleus of the ciliate stylonychia mytilus. | evidence is presented that macronuclear chromatin in the hypotrichous ciliate stylonychia mytilus occurs in discrete fragments, each representing at least single genes. the size of these fragments varies between 3 and more than 70 nucleosomes with an average length of about 18 nucleosomes. this observation is discussed with respect to macronuclear structure of hypotrichous ciliates. | 1978 | 106365 |
| [new species of parasitic infusoria of the family urceolariidae]. | three new species of ciliata of the family urceolariidae were found as follows: paratrichodina voikarensis sp. n. on the gills of coregonus nasus and c. peled; p. uralensis sp. n. on the gills of the sterlet and trichodina percae sp. n. in the nasal cavities of the perch. figures and descriptions of the new species are given. | 1979 | 108655 |
| scanning electron microscopy of ciliary zones of the ciliate protozoa in the large intestine of the horse. | the surface structure of the ciliary zone in 13 species of ciliates found in the large intestine of the horse was observed by scanning electron microscopy. in holophryoides ovalis many fine depressions considered to be a result of phagocytosis or pinocytosis in the naked cytostome were noticed. in blepharocorys spp. a distinct section was present between the portion with cilia and that without cilia. it was not present, however, in some species of the family buetschliidae, such as bundleia postc ... | 1979 | 113521 |
| hydrolytic activities of rumen ciliates. | | 1979 | 119467 |
| x-ray microanalysis of zinc storage in rumen ciliates. | | 1979 | 119476 |
| [effect of certain factors on the parasitic fauna of fishes introduced into the lakes of karelia]. | the parasite fauna of coregonus peled, c. autumnalis migratorius, c. lavaretus, c. albula, salmo irideus and ciprinus carpio was investigated. ciliata and diplostomatidae were found to be most abundant. the paper discusses the effect of certain factors (the character of a water body, food, mode of life of fishes) on the parasite fauna of fishes introduced to small lakes of karelia. | 1975 | 130594 |
| [are unknown ciliates responsible for uncharacteristic pains in the lower abdomen (author's transl)]. | it is reported about unknown cells, looking like ciliates, found in the douglas exudate in women with uncharacteristic pains in the lower abdomen. these self-moving cells were found in 10 out of 48 patients. the clinical results are discussed. there is a possibility that these cells are responsible as well for the uncharacteristic pains in the abdomen as perhaps for the infertility of the patient. | 1976 | 134247 |
| [new species of infusoria of genus scyphidja (ciliata, peritricha) from fishes in kolkhid-anatolia area basins]. | two new species of the genus scyphidia are described. the species were collected in 1964-1966 on fishes from waters of the kolkhida-anatolijsky area. s. baninae was found on the skin of alosa caspia palaeostomi and s. doliaris - on the skin of cyprinus carpio. | 1977 | 143644 |
| amino acid sequence of cytochrome c from tetrahymena pyriformis phenoset a. | the cytochrome c of tetrahymena pyriformis gl (phenoset a) had an isoelectric point of 6.5 and by sequence the following composition: asp(7) asn(2) thr(4) ser(8) glu(6) gln(2) pro(7) gly(13) ala(13) val(7) met(2) ile(5) leu(6) tyr(2) phe(5) lys(11) his(3) trp(1) arg(3) cys(2) (total 109 residues). the peptides derived from the protein afforded complete overlap, so a complete sequence could be determined without reference of homologous proteins. alignment with other mitochondrial cytochromes c re ... | 1976 | 187170 |
| anaerobiosis and symbiosis with bacteria in free-living ciliates. | marine, sediment-dwelling ciliates were examined for cytochrome oxidase activity by a cytochemical method and for fine structural details. species of plagiopylidae (trichostomatida), i.e. plagiopyla frontata, sonderia vorax and sonderia sp., and of heterotrichda, i.e., parablepharisma pellitum, parablepharisma sp., metopus contortus, metopus vestitus and caenomorpha capucina; previously considered to be obligate anaerobes because of their sulfide-containing habitat, do not have cytochrome oxidas ... | 1977 | 194036 |
| a branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase from the rumen ciliate genus entodinium. | a branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase was extracted from rumen ciliates of the genus entodinium and was partially purified by sephadex g-200, deae-cellulose and deae-sephasex a-50 column chromatography. the purified enzyme was active only with leucine, isoleucine and valine, and required pyridoxal phosphate as cofactor. the amino acids competed with each other as substrates. the enzyme had optimal activity at ph 6.0 in phosphate buffer. the km values for the substrates and cofactor are as ... | 1975 | 239229 |
| urceolariid ciliates, including three new species, from cultured philippine fishes. | | 1977 | 403647 |
| [ultrastructural characteristics of the cortex and of the membranelles of the ciliate espejoia mucicola (oligohymenophora, hymenostomata, tetrahymenina)]. | it was shown in a detailed study of the cortex and buccal organelles of espejoia that, at the ultrastructural level, the general plan of organization of this ciliate conforms to that of tetrahymenina. specific variations seen in the cortex and membranelles bring out the very pronounced affinities of espejoia to the genus glaucoma and other related ciliates. in view of the foregoing and on the basis of reccent findings on morphogenesis, we confirm the taxonomic position of espejoia mucicola among ... | 1977 | 405475 |
| qualitative and quantitative studies on dna and rna synthesis in loxodes striatus nuclei. | in this study the characteristics of the synthesis of dna and rna in the nuclei of loxodes were investigated. loxodes striatus is a primitive ciliate with 2 pairs of structurally differentiated diploid nuclei, the macro- and micronuclei. the macronuclei and differentiated morphologically into a clearly recoginzable central core and an outer zone. to determine dna and rna synthesis, individual organisms were analyzed by autoradiography after incubating groups of cells with a 3h-labeled precursor ... | 1977 | 405479 |
| regulation of ciliary pattern in ciliates. | the modes of pattern regulation found in the ciliates dileptus and paraurostyla are compared. these forms are systematically distant but both possess very extensive regenerative capacities. they are characterized by 2 types of ciliary patterns: the ciliature of dileptus has largely a simple pattern composed of single kinetosomes while that of paraurostyla has a complex pattern composed of aggregates of kinetosomes interconnected by amorphic matter. in both ciliates a change in cell size evokes p ... | 1977 | 405481 |
| molecules and morphologies: the perpetuation of pattern in the ciliated protozoa. | three apparently conflicting generalizations concerning the relationships between molecules and cell structure may be derived from studies on cellular patterning in the ciliates. (a) cells with identical genes and molecular composition may have different hereditary patterns. (b) genes, through their prescribed molecular derivatives, constrain the modes of pattern permutation and define the states of greatest stability. (c) cells with identical hereditary patterns may have entirely different gene ... | 1977 | 405482 |
| diurnal changes in concentration of rumen ciliates and in occurrence of dividing forms in water buffalo (bubalus bubalus) fed once daily. | when buffalo were fed once daily, significant diurnal variations in concentration of rumen ciliates and occurrence of dividing protozoa were found. differences in proportions of dividing entodinium- and diplodinium-type ciliates were also observed. results obtained suggest that the range of diurnal fluctuations in rumen protozoa concentration may be related to the percentage of dividing cells in populaitons of these organisms. | 1977 | 405923 |
| [the phototoxic activity of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons and their degradation products in the biological test (author's transl)]. | the phototoxic activity of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons was evaluated using ciliates of the species tetrahymena pyriformis maintained in sterile, semisynthetic media. this ciliate-light-test was developed into and standardized for a rapid microbiological assay of carcinogenic activity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. --in this fashion, six polycyclic aromatic compounds with differing carcinogenic activities were tested:benzo(a)-pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, indeno(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene, b ... | 1977 | 407745 |
| growth kinetics of colpoda steinii on escherichia coli. | colpoda steinii was grown in two-stage continuous cultures with escherichia coli as prey species. the concentration of prey and the ciliate mean cell volume, dry weight, and number per milliliter were determined at known growth rates. steady states were reached in the second-stage continuous cultures at all growth rates. although changes occurred in mean cell size of the ciliates and in the number per milliliter at various growth rates, the yield of protozoan biomass per unit of prey consumed wa ... | 1977 | 407843 |
| proportional regulation of body form and cortical organelle pattern in the ciliate dileptus. | morphometric and ultrastructural studies of shape and pattern regulation were performed on dileptus anser. in this ciliate 2 body regions can be distinguished: proboscis and trunk. when a large portion of the trunk is excised, shape regulation occurs and the proper proboscis/trunk ratio is restored through elongation of the remnant of the trunk and shortening of the proboscis. when there is nothing but proboscis left, the trunk is formed from the proximal portion of proboscis and again the right ... | 1977 | 408363 |
| the ultrastructure of the somatic cortex of pseudomicrothorax dubius: structure and function of the epiplasm in ciliated protozoa. | the ultrastructure of the somatic cortex of the ciliate pseudomicrothorax dubius is studied with emphasis on the epiplasm layer which lies immediately under the inner alveolar membrane and is continuous with the terminal plates of cortical basal bodies. in addition to a clearly demonstrable cytoskeletal role, the epiplasm appears to function as a comenting substance which integrates numerous cortical fibres and membranes. the kinetodesmal, postciliary and transverse fibre systems which originate ... | 1977 | 408367 |
| rumen ciliates of sheep given cellulose, lactose, sucrose or starch diets. | | 1977 | 410033 |
| removal of escherichia coli in wastewater by activated sludge. | removal of bacteria from wastewater treated with activated sludge was studied by the use of a streptomycin-resistant escherichia coli strain. the removal appeared to be a biphasic process. a rapid sorption of bacteria to the sludge flocs took place in the first hour after seeding mixed liquor with e. coli. thereafter, slower elimination of e. coli was observed. the latter process was due to predation on e. coli by ciliated protozoa. this was shown by: (i) appearance of fluorescent food vacuoles ... | 1977 | 410369 |
| [behavior of rumen ciliate populations cultured in sucrose and sucrose-urea media]. | the behaviour of rumen ciliates in culture in vitro is studied according to the concentration of substrates and requirements of middle removal. the most favorable concentrations, for a best ciliate's survival is from 0.4 to 0.6 mg/ml of sucrose and 0.05 mg/ml of urea. we observe two periods in the culture: in the first, entodinium grows essentially, in the second the population of holotrich ciliates increases. if survival is almost the same, the population is most important in culture with sucro ... | 1977 | 412453 |
| genetics of cell-cell interactions in ciliates. | | 1978 | 416861 |
| [development of macronuclear dna of ciliates, studied by ammermann and prescott (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 418464 |
| [effect of local uv irradiation of the generative nuclei of paramecium caudatum on the sexual functions of the cells]. | a study has been made of the functional pattern of the micronucleus (mi) during the sexual process in ciliates paramecium caudatum which are descendants of those individuals whose mi was locally irradiated with uv in dose of 3060 erg/mm2. it was demonstrated that these descendants (cells of uv-clones) were able to enter into the sexual process whatever morphological type of their mi might be. in 4 of 14 tested clones, the initial mating type got changed for the opposite one, which may be associa ... | 1979 | 432969 |
| selection of nonmotile tetrahymena with ficoll underlayers. | the mechanisms regulating the development of cilia in tetrahymena are poorly understood but might be revealed through the study of ciliogenesis mutants. failure to regenerate cilia after dibucaine deciliation results in continued absence of motility. therefore, to isolate ciliogenesis mutants efficiently, methods for separating motile and nonmotile cells are essential. we examined the efficacy of ficoll underlayers for these separations. ciliates of t. thng type iv) were mixed with ficoll and ad ... | 1979 | 490432 |
| a simple system for continuous culture of rumen ciliates. | | 1979 | 540223 |
| method for the simultaneous establishment of many axenic cultures of paramecium. | a method is described for the simultaneous treatment of 42 (or more) stocks of paramecium, and their adaptation to growth in axenic culture. samples of dense cultures of these ciliates growing with enterobacter aerogenes are rendered bacteria-free by migration through 2 sets of tubes containing adaptation medium (peters' salts solution, stigmaterol, vitamins, and autoclaved e. aerogenes). the 2nd set of tubes contains adaptation medium plus antibiotics. bacteria-free samples containing approxima ... | 1978 | 660565 |
| [importance of cellular immunity factors in the pathogenesis of experimental balantidiasis]. | adult white rats were immunized by numerous subcutaneous injections of antigenes obtained from the cultures of b. coli and b. suis. after the rats were sensibilized they were infected with cultural forms of balantidium. 75% of infected rats were found to have ciliates in the lumen of the large intestine. in the tissues of the intestinal wall up to the muscular layer there were observed certain pathomorphological changes such as hyperemy, oedema, haemorrhagia and ulcers. by means of the macrophag ... | 1978 | 673460 |
| cell multiplication following partial enzymatic removal of surface coat. | treatment of paramecium aurelia with trypsin or pronase (1 mg per 10(5) cells, at 0 to 4 degrees c) partially removes the surface coat and modifies significantly multiplication of cells. the division rate after 24 hours of cultivation is diminished approximately twice in the case of pronase-treated cells and 1.5 for tyrpsin-digested ciliates as compared with the control. on the second day the division rate increases rapidly and number of cell divisions exceeds the values observed in the control. ... | 1978 | 689262 |
| cutaneous respiration in seven sea-water teleosts. | the oxygen consumption of excised skin (mo2 is.cut.) and the normal cutaneous oxygen uptake by the skin in situ from the external medium (mo2 ext.cut.) were investigated in seven species of teleosts in normoxic sea water: butterfish (pholis gunnellus l.), cod (gadus morhua l.), five-bearded rockling (ciliata mustela l), shanny (blennius pholis l.), flounder (platichthys flesus l.), sole (solea solea l.) and eel (anguilla anguilla l.). in the butterfish, cod and rockling, all the oxygen absorbed ... | 1978 | 741099 |
| [balantidium coli infection of the female genitals (author's transl)]. | two cases of therapy-resistant fluorine are reported in which balantidium coli from the class of the cilia (ciliophora, ciliata, infusoria) was identified. after a personal experiment, the balantidia must be considered extremely pathogenic. in international literature, no further indication of a ciliata infection of the female genitals was found. | 1976 | 773739 |
| efficiency of filber feeding in two species of tetrahymena. | rates of removal of suspended india ink particles from the surrounding medium by 2 ciliates, tetrahymena pyriformis strain gl and tetrahymena vorax strain v2s, have been measured. it is evident from the results that the food vacuoles concentrate the suspended particles, clearing a volume of the surrounding suspension fluid 500 times greater than the total volume of food vacuoles made during the same period of time. | 1975 | 804037 |
| inverted repetitious sequences in the macronuclear dna of hypotrichous ciliates. | the low-molecular-weight macronuclear dna of the hypotrichous ciliates oxytricha, euplotes, and paraurostyla contains inverted repetitious sequences. up to 89% of the denatured macronuclear dna molecules form single-stranded circles due to intramolecular renaturation of complementary sequences at or near the ends of the same polynucleotide chain. other ciliated protozoans, such as tetrahymena, with high-molecular-weight macronuclear dna and an alternative mode of macronuclear development, appear ... | 1975 | 804696 |
| a disease of freshwater fishes caused by tetrahymena corlissi thompson, 1955, and a key for identification of holotrich ciliates of freshwater fishes. | tetrahymena corlissi, a free-living protozoan, apparently caused the death of large number of guppies (poecilia reticulatus) and occasionally other fishes, in aquaria and hatcheries at several locations. apparently the disease occurs when the fish and protozoan populations are both at a high level of density. the signs include white spots and epidermal damage. histologically, t. corlissi could be seen in skin, muscle, and viscera; in some there was marked inflammation, in others there was little ... | 1975 | 805228 |
| pattern formation in ciliary organelle systems of ciliated protozoa. | genetic, morphometric, and microsurgical investigations of the pattern of ciliary organells in ciliate protozoa support the view that ther are two types of developmental process responsible for the positioning of these organelles. the first is exemplified by the propagation of ciliary rows through localized addition of new ciliary units along the axis of the row, a process which is responsible for the maintenance of the pre-existing number of rows in clonal lineages over a large number of fissi ... | 1975 | 805691 |
| macronuclear genetics of tetrahymena. ii. macronuclear location of somatic mutations to cycloheximide resistance. | somatic cycloheximide-resistant mutants of syngen 1 of tetrahymena pyriformis were isolated and genetically characterized. two properties of the mutants were independently examined: (a) the transmission of the mutant phenotype during conjugation and (b) the kinetics of phenotypic assortment during vegetative propagation. the results of both studies strongly support the idea that these somatic mutations have a macronuclear location. the kinetics of assortment are consistent with the idea that the ... | 1975 | 805755 |
| myonemal contraction of spirostomum. ii. some mechanical properties of the contractile apparatus. | in several respects, notably the high velocity of shortening, ca(2+) dependence, and atp independence, contraction of spirostomum resembles the spasmonemal mechanism of the peritrich ciliates. in this report further mechanical properties of the contractile apparatus are described that extend this comparison. the velocity-load characteristic is more appropriate to an elastomer than to a muscle where contraction force is load-dependent. active tension is found to relate linearly to cell length for ... | 1975 | 806604 |
| [suggestions for a new classification of the acinetes (ciliophora, kinetofragmorphora, suctorida)]. | | 1975 | 807397 |
| proceedings: microtubules and filaments during fertilization in heliophrya erhardi (ciliata, suctoria). | | 1975 | 807742 |
| effect of sterol replacement in vivo on the fatty acid composition of tetrahymena. | the addition of ergosterol to cultures of tetrahymena pyriformis results in (a) the accumulation of the sterol by the cells; (b) the inhibition of the synthesis of the pentacyclic triterpenoid alcohol, tetrahymanol; (c) the replacement of tetrahymanol by ergosterol in the ciliate membranes. the dry weight and lipid content of sterol-supplemented ciliates did not differ from the controls. examination of the lipid classes revealed no change in composition except for a higher content of ergosterol ... | 1975 | 808549 |
| a multigroup model for predator-prey interactions. | the predator-prey interactions between the protozoan tetrahymena pyriformis and the bacterium aerobacter aerogenes have been studied experimentally and mathematically. a mathematical model for the ciliates defines the mass distribution of cells within the population. the resulting model equations are solved by the use of multigroup theory. experimental data from batch and continuous flow rectors are compared with the results of the numerical integration. | 1975 | 810191 |
| microtubules and filaments in ciliate contractility. | the basis for cell body contractility in heterotrich ciliates resides in the interaction of two discrete contractile fiber systems, the myonemes and km fibers. the motive force for rapid cell contraction in these ciliates has been associated with a calcium-induced change in the macromolecular conformation of the contractile filaments of the myonemes. in stentor coeruleus, changes in the contractile state of the myonemes are reflected in a reversible calcium-dependent transformation of thin, orie ... | 1975 | 810896 |
| contraction and calcium binding in the vorticellid ciliates. | | 1975 | 810897 |
| the effects of the inhalational anaesthetic halothane on the contraction cycle of contractile ciliates. | | 1975 | 811482 |
| rumen ciliates of the tsessebe (damaliscus lunatus lunatus) in south africa. | ciliate protozoa from the rumen of the tsessebe, damaliscus lunatus lunatus, all belong to the family ophryoscolescidae and no holotrichs were found in any of the 16 animals. eighteen species were identified of which entodinium fyferi sp. n., enoploplastron garstangi sp. n. and epidinium lunatus sp. n. are new and have been described for the first time. a short redescription of eremoplastron gigantium kofoid & maclennan is given. | 1975 | 811788 |
| [comparative light and scanning electron microscopy studies of dry prepared silverline systems of ciliates (protozoa) (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 812009 |
| [fluorescence microscopy of ciliates in vivo (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 812010 |
| mitosis and early meiosis in tetrahymena pyriformis and the evolution of mitosis in the phylum ciliophora. | the micronuclear mitotic spindle of tetrahymena pyriformis contains several distinctive elements. the 150 or so continuous microtubules (mts) form a peripheral sheath just inside the inner nuclear membrane while the kinetochore bundles traverse the center of the nucleoplasm. a new set of microtubules, the separation spindle, appears during the 10-fold nuclear elongation which occurs during the late anaphase. both the separation spindle and peripheral sheath mts are present in the macronucleus du ... | 1975 | 812563 |
| nuclear characteristics and phylogeny in the protistan phylum ciliophora. | ciliates possess a number of nuclear characteristics which, in combination, are unique among the protista. nevertheless, attempts to understand the origin - presumably from a flagellate ancestry - of the ciliophora as a phylum must be made, as well as efforts to elucidate phylogenetic pathways within the large and diverse assemblage represented by its present-day forms. the macronucleus may provide an important clue to early ciliate phylogeny, since we still have, among extant species, groups of ... | 1975 | 812564 |
| the effect of urea on population density of the ciliates entodinium cultivated in vitro. | | 1975 | 813799 |
| a localized region of basal body proliferation in growing cells of dileptus visscheri (ciliata, gymnostomate). | in the ciliate dileptus organisms are completely organized at the time of excystation. they grow intensively, increasing in volume several times, before they reach the trophic cell size. the growth includes both the somatic part of the body as well as the oral parts, consisting of the cytostomal field and the ventral band of the proboscis. from the time of excystation, during the growth of the cell, the oral apparatus is able to capture and ingest food. growth of an oral apparatus while function ... | 1976 | 814127 |
| the intestinal parasites of a community of feral chimpanzees, pan troglodytes schweinfurthii. | fecal specimens from 32 champanzees living in gombe national park, tanzania, were examined. six species of helminths and 2 species of ciliates were found: probstmayris gombensis file (in press), strongyloides fuelleborni von linstow 1905, necator sp., oesophagostomum sp., abbreviata caucasica von linstow 1902, trichuris sp., troglodytella abrassarti brumpt and joyeux 1921, and an unidentified ciliate. none of the parasitic infections were heavy. this is the first such survey of the chimpanzee in ... | 1976 | 817011 |
| [the importance of electron microscopy in the systematics of unicellular organisms: for example, the ciliates of the genus cyclogramma]. | with a parorale of "stichodyade-type", and three adoral organelles like peniculus, the genus cyclogramma may be included in the oligohymenophora class, subclass hymenostomata. the presence of a basket as cytopharyngeal apparatus, and the semi-autonomous stomatogenesis justify, for this genus, the establishment of the new order parahymenostomatida. | 1976 | 817834 |
| cell surface control in blepharisma intermedium (protozoa ciliata). blocking of gamone ii-induced homotypic interacting ligands. | pha, con-a, or anti-tubulin antibodies inhibit homotypic pair formation, in b, intermedium mating type-i cells in the presence of suboptimal concentrations of gamone ii. the inhibition is dependent on the dose of gamone added; the structural conformation and the relative concentration of the inhibitor; and the time of addition of the inhibitor. the block can be selectively prevented by competitive inhibitors of each ligand. the receptors for the inhibitors are distinctive and there is no cross-r ... | 1976 | 818095 |
| an analysis of mp gene affected morphogenesis in tetrahymena pyriformis, syngen 1, (species 1) ciliates. | the recessive mp gene in syngen 1 (species 1) of tetrahymena pyriformis results in a characteristic set of abnormalities of the adoral membranelles, commonly including some extra membranellar segments (kaczanowski, '75). the abnormal pattern is produced in about 10% of dividing cells, compared to 80% of cells undergoing oral replacement. thus the percentage of abnormal cells increases during prolonged stationary phase. abnormal oral replacement arises primarily for a separation of two kinetosoma ... | 1976 | 818339 |
| search for clues to the evolutionary meaning of ciliate phylogeny. | progress in ciliatology and in allied fields may demystify ciliate phylogenetics. concentration on hymenostomes (mainly tetrahymena and paramecium) may have obscured directional features of ciliate physiology in phylogenetic problems. therefore, means are suggested for "domesticating" the presumptively primitive, predominantly marine, sand-dwelling gymnostomes having nondividing macronuclei. the prize quarry is the marine psammophile stephanopogon whose homokaryotic condition may mark it as a li ... | 1976 | 818371 |
| separation of small ciliate protozoa from bacteria by sucrose gradient centrifugation. | small ciliate protozoa of the genus uronema were separated from labeled bacteria by means of a discontinuous sucrose gradient. more than 98% of the radioactivity associated with the bacteria was found in the upper portion of the gradient, whereas the remaining portion of the gradient contained the ciliates. | 1976 | 820253 |
| basic chromosomal proteins in lower eukaryotes: relevance to the evolution and function of histones. | the occurence of the basic chromosomal proteins in lower eukaryotes provides a useful approach to the study of histone evolution and function in higher eukaryotes. the histones of higher plants and animals are very similar and some are nearly identical, suggesting a high degree of evolutionary conservation within this group of proteins. however, a literature survey reveals that in the lower eukaryotes the histone situation is quite variable. the ciliates, and the true and cellular slime molds po ... | 1976 | 820866 |
| effects of irradiation on the peritrich ciliates vorticella and telotrochidium. | | 1976 | 823680 |
| informational energy flow as an aspect of the ecological efficiency of marine ciliates. | | 1976 | 825683 |
| observations on the ultrastructure of uronema spp., marine scuticociliates. | observations of the ultrastructure of marine scuticociliatids, tentatively assigned to the genus uronema, were made by light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopy. giant, cortically oriented mitochondria filled the subpellicular, intermeridional areas, and were in close association with the epiplasm immediately under the inner alveolar sac membranes. reconstructions of serial sections of the posterior poles of ciliates indicated that the intermeridional mitochondria could fuse ... | 1976 | 826622 |
| parasitic ciliata at the ctenopharyngodon idella val., hypophthalmichthys molitrix val. and aristichthys nobilis rich. in ponds. | | 1976 | 827857 |
| protozoan parasites of carp (cyprinus carpio l.): a comparative study of their occurrence in bulgaria and czechoslovakia, with the description of trichodina perforata sp.n. | in the course of a long-term study of protozoan parasites of carp (cyprinus carpio l.), a total of 27 protozoan species were discovered in czechoslovakia and 26 species on the bulgarian territory. their list is supplemented with remarks on their pathogenicity, frequency of occurrence and morphology. there is no essential difference in the constituents of protozoan parasitofauna of carp between the two territories studied; a very similar fauna of protozoans can be anticipated on carp in other eur ... | 1976 | 828131 |
| the fine structure of a parasitic ciliate terebrospira during ingestion of the exoskeleton of a shrimp palaemonetes. | the ciliated protozoan, terebrospira chattoni, invades the exoskeleton of the shrimp, palaemonetes pugio, eating out long galleries parallel to the surface of the exoskeleton. solubilization of the exoskeleton occurs around an area of the elaborately infolded surface membrane at the anterior of the organism. dissolved products of the digestion of the exoskeleton are taken into the body by the formation of coated vesicles at pores in the membrane. the surface membrane that is taken in by pinocyto ... | 1976 | 828329 |
| [on the interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and light with regard to its syncarcinogenic effects (author's transl)]. | the rapidly growing pollution of the human biosphaere with potentially carcinogenic agents gives increased relevance to questions concerning the interaction of both chemical and physical agents in carcinogenesis. one such combination of environmental agents - that between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and light - which heretofore has received little attention from workers in the field of environmental research, was investigated in the present paper. the phototoxic (cytotoxic) effects of carci ... | 1976 | 828365 |
| chemical studies on bryophytes. 18. luteolin 7-o-neohesperidoside-4'-o-sophoroside, another new tetraglycoside from hedwigia ciliata. | | 1977 | 860629 |
| studies on the surface coat of paramecium aurelia. ii. relationship to the immobilization antigen. | correlations between the presence of surface coat and immobilization antigen of paramecium tetraurelia were studied. supravital, partial removal of the surface coat resulted in accelerated response of monobacterially and axenically grown cells to the homologous antiserum. ciliates pretreated with trypsin or pronase (0.5 mg/ml for 45 min at 0-4 degrees c) were immobilized approximately twice as fast as untreated control cells. the probable localization of at least part, of the immobilization anti ... | 1977 | 880630 |
| cell size and proportional distance assessment during determination of organelle position in the cortex of the ciliate tetrahymena. | developing oral organelles of dividing tetrahymena corlissi appear to be positioned by mechanisms which assess distances as a proportion of the organism's overall dimensions. in some respects, the cortex of this protozoan obeys the 'french flag' rule formulated by wolpert for describing regulation of spatial proportions during differentiation of metazoan embryos. dividing tetrahymena of markedly different sizes occur when division is synchronized by starvation and refeeding. at the start of cell ... | 1976 | 932110 |
| ciliary propulsion of objects in tubes: wall drag on swimming tetrahymena (ciliata) in the presence of mucin and other long-chain polymers. | the lubrication effect of three long-chain polymers - mucin, methylcellulose and ficoll - on ciliary propulsion in tubes is measured by plotting the relative velocities of swimming cilitates as a function of the tube bore diameter. mucin shows the most unequivocal lubrication, which is found at concentrations between 0% and 9.1% (w/v). this observation, coupled with viscometric measurements which show that ciliary tip shear rates are sufficient to solate mucin, serve as the groundwork for a mod ... | 1976 | 932619 |
| on the ultrastructure and permeability of taste buds of the marine teleost ciliata mustela. | the abundant taste buds of the barbels and free fin rays of the five bearded rockling, ciliata mustela contain an average of 100-150 cells, falling into two types. tubule-containing cells ('t-cells'), tentatively identified as receptor cells, and each surrounded by fibril-containing cells ('f-cells') in the central part of the bud. t-cells also occur in two concentric shells separated by indifferent epithelial cells at the periphery of the bud. f-cells are characterized by their concentrations o ... | 1975 | 1091026 |
| [symbiotic bacteria of the macronucleus of paramecium caudatum]. | particles of a newly described endosymbiont of paramecium caudatum, clone m-115, here referred to as iota--particles, are gram--negative bacteria. the symbionts are only present within macronuclei and not in the cytoplasm or in the micronuclei. the cells of clone m-115 iota do not display any killer-effect when mixed with "clean" cultures of paramecia. in life cycle of the symbiont, there is an alternation of two morphological forms: a spindle-shaped form 2.0--2.5 microns long and a rod-shaped f ... | 1975 | 1118907 |
| [characteristics of the cytodifferentiation of omega-particle symbiotic bacteria from the micronucleus of paramecium caudata clone m1-48]. | the structure of the omega-particle-bacteria, growing in the micronucleus of paramecium caudatum (ciliata, protozoa), was studied by electrom microscopy in the course of their life cycle. the cytoplasm of the spindle-shaped vegetative cells contains a large number of dense particles and transparent regions comprising the fibrillar material. such cells, via several intermediate stages, are transformed into elongated twisted cells that are regarded as spores. the spore consists of two parts: homog ... | 1975 | 1160642 |
| observations on filarial infections and parous rates of anthropophilic blackflies in guatemala, with reference to the transmission of onchocerca volvulus. | in guatemala, in areas of different onchocerciasis endemicity and outside the endemic zone, the main anthropophilic blackfly species simulium ochraceum, s. metallicum, s. callidum and s. gonzalezi were examined for infections with onchocerca volvulus, other filariae, and non-filarial parasites. third stage larvae, indistinguishable from those of o. volvulus were found only in 3 females of s. ochraceum out of 3,513 examined. in s. metallicum, 2 females out of 3,121 dissected harboured infective l ... | 1975 | 1162731 |
| [effect of local uv microirradiation on the nuclear apparatus and cytoplasm of the infusorian paramecium caudatum]. | the work is the first attempt to study nuclear dualism of ciliates with ultraviolet microbeam (uv-beam), which was not applied earlier for these purposes. the special advantage of the uv-beam is that it allow to inactivate selectively of the particular elements of nuclear apparatus of living ciliates is to observe consequences of operation on distant descendants of irradiated cell. on paramecium caudatum the ways of uv-beam have been devised specifically. the original rotocompression chamber was ... | 1975 | 1166524 |
| [effect of a varying concentration of boron on the tempo of paramecium caudatum multiplication depending on the temperature of the medium]. | the rate of multiplication of paramecium caudatum was studied using individual cultures with media containing 0.001, 0.005, 0.008 and 0.01% borate, resp. at room temperature (20--21 degrees c) with two first concentrations of boron, the ciliates multiply normally over 4 months often surpassing the multiplication rate of the control line. with the increase of boron concentration up to 0.008%, the division rate in paramecia decreases significantly, reaching the control rate only by the end of the ... | 1975 | 1166527 |
| [electronmicroscopical demonstration of the subpellicular location of the silverline system in colpidium colpoda (ciliata, tetrahymenidae) (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 1197776 |
| [incompatibility during transplantation of nuclei in amoeba. iv. transplantation compatibility in different strains of amoeba proteus]. | seven laboratory amoeba proteus strains of different origin were tested for their transplantation compatibility (i.e. viability of artificially produced heterokaryons) in all possible pair combinations. incompatible combinations (14) as well as completely compatible ones (7) were found. compatibility was distributed among strain combinations non-randomly. all the strains studied could be classified into three groups with respect to compatibility ("compatibility groups") involving 1, 2 and 4 stra ... | 1975 | 1218727 |
| divalent cation affinity sites in paramecium aurelia. | sites with high calcium affinity in paramecium aurelia were identified by high calcium (5 mm) fixation and electron microscope methods. electron-opaque deposits were observed on the cytoplasmic side of surface membranes, particularly at the basal regions of cilia and trichocyst-pellicle fusion sites. deposits were also observed on some smooth cytomembranes, within the axoneme of cilia, and on basal bodies. the divalent cations, mg2+, mn2+, sr2+, ni2+, ba2+, and zn2+, could be substituted for ca2 ... | 1976 | 1262398 |
| unusual extrusive organelles in karyorelictid ciliates: an argument for the ancient origin of this group. | the karyorelictid ciliates never possess extrusomes that are typical of most other ciliates, i.e. trichocysts, mucocysts, and toxicysts, but instead present unusual types of extrusive organelles, most existing nowhere else. these organelles are: (1) nematocysts with a filament making only 2-3 coils in the longitudinal plane, in remanella multinucleata; (2) 'orthonematocysts' with a short straight internal filament, in remanella rugosa and r. brunnea; (3) tiny bottle-shaped organelles somewhat re ... | 1992 | 1292663 |
| beginning or end? telomere structure, genetics and biology. | the word telomere derives from the greek word telos meaning 'end', roughly translating as 'the thing at the end' when the end is that of a chromosome. telomeres belie their apparent simplicity of structure by being involved in a wide range of diverse biological phenomena. much of our understanding of telomere behaviour comes from studies in lower eukaryotes such as ciliates and yeast, the subject of many recent reviews. here we concentrate on the mammalian telomere, recent progress in its study, ... | 1992 | 1301133 |
| physical structure and chemical composition of abomasal phytobezoars of goats and sheep. | the diameters of fibres from phytobezoars varied between 2 and 30 microns, with an average 58% measuring less than < 15 microns, 36% between 15 and 23 microns, and 6% greater than 23 microns. these diameters were very similar to those of the pappus hairs surrounding the seeds of the karoo bushes chrysocoma ciliata, eriocephalus ericoides and gnidia polycephala (means of 6.06 microns, 16.67 microns and 22.73 microns respectively). the microscopic structure and ultrastructure of these pappus hairs ... | 1992 | 1328636 |
| experimental reproduction of phytobezoars. | in a series of in virtro experiments (n = 64) using the mature flowers or seeds and pappus hairs of karoo bushes chrysocoma ciliata, dimorphotheca cuneata, eriocephalus ericoides, gazania krebsiana and gnidia polycephala, small phytobezoars were formed from material of e. ericoides, g. krebsiana and g. polycephala either alone or in combinations. the ratio of fibre to liquid used was found to be optimal around 1: 7 and milling of material enhanced bezoar formation. time and ph did not appear to ... | 1992 | 1328637 |
| cytochrome b of protozoan mitochondria: relationships between function and structure. | 1. the sensitivity of ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase to its most powerful inhibitors has been characterized in mitochondria from three ciliate and two trypanosome protozoans and compared with that in mitochondria of animals and plants. 2. mitochondria of ciliates, particularly those of tetrahymena pyriformis, are resistant to antimycin. 3. mitochondria of trypanosomes are quite resistant to stigmatellin, as they exhibit a 40-fold higher titer than that in ciliate or animals mitochondria. 4. bo ... | 1992 | 1330427 |