| electron microscopic studies on the development of kinetes of theileria parva theiler, 1904 in the gut of the vector ticks rhipicephalus appendiculatus neumann, 1901. | the development of motile stages, called kinetes, from a stationary stage (regarded as zygote) has been followed in theileria parva by means of electron miscroscopy. this process started after moult of the tick nymphs which had sucked on highly infected calves, i.e. about 20 days after repletion (a.r.) of the ticks. the transformation took place by formation of a growing protrusion (= anlage) into an inner, enlarging vacuole. during this process the limiting membrane of the enlarging vacuole ser ... | 1978 | 28653 |
| electron microscopical studies on the development of babesia canis (sporozoa) in the salivary glands of the vector tick dermacentor reticulatus. | the formation of sporozoites of babesia canis was studied by light- and electron microscopy in the salivary gland cells of adult female ticks from the 2nd day after attachment until 1 day after detachment. it was found that this process was initiated by the binary division of kinetes that had already entered or entered during the period examined. during division the kinetes (15 x 2.5 microns) lost their typical organelles, reduced their three-layered pellicle to a single membrane and became sphe ... | 1979 | 43086 |
| effect of humoral antibodies on the course of theileria parva infection (east coast fever) of cattle. | a study was made of the effects of serum and gamma-globulins from vaccinated cattle (donor cattle) given to cattle (principals) exposed to theileria parva infection (east coast fever (ecf)). the principals were treated with normal serum, with serum containing high antibody titer against t parva (as evaluated by the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) technique), or with globulins prepared from normal and from immune serums. for exposure, the principals were inoculated with standardized suspensio ... | 1975 | 47727 |
| purification and characterization of precipitating antigens from theileria parva. | precipitating antigens from theileria parva have been partially purified. two antigens from each of the schizont and piroplasm stages of the parasite were identified; the major antigens from the two stages shared the same specificity. the antigens showed considerable molecular heterogeneity, almost certainly a result of the preparative method, and they always contained large amounts of dna. the piroplasm antigens were of parasite nuclear origin and the schizont antigens were probably of the same ... | 1977 | 70504 |
| ultrastructure of babesia major vermicules from the tick haemaphysalis punctata as demonstrated by negative staining. | the ultrastructure of babesia major vermicules was studied in samples derived from the haemolymph of haemaphysalis punctata adults and negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid. most of the organelles observed were typical of those found in apicomplexan parasites. these were the apical complex with the polar ring and the ribs, micronemes and subpellicular microtubules. the number of ribs was 27 or 28. the outer membrane of the pellicle was composed of a large number of fibrils running along t ... | 1978 | 77093 |
| eperythrozoon ovis. i. serological diagnosis of infection by the indirect immunoflurescent antibody test. | the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (ifat) was evaluated for the detection of eperythrozoon ovis infection in sheep. the test first became positive, on the average, 10 days following exposure to e. ovis and remained positive for 24 months, the longest period checked. reciprocal titres in the first three days after becoming positive in the ifat were between 4 and 80, but rose to 640 within 9 weeks; in general titres were between 4 and 640, exceptionally titres of 1280 were obtained. nega ... | 1978 | 83044 |
| rapid quantitative assessment of theileria infection in ticks. | a simplified method for methyl green pyronin staining is described for theileria parva and t. annulata in whole salivary glands of rhipicephalus appendiculatus and hyalomma anatolicum subspecies respectively. the stain gives results comparable with feulgen staining and can be used after the ticks have been in cold storage for 3 days. there is considerable variability in the rate and intensity of infection of these ticks with theilerial parasites and it is concluded that the method permits large ... | 1979 | 87045 |
| histopathologic and electron microscopic studies of cutaneous lesions in calves with experimentally induced east coast fever (theileriosis). | skin lesions of bovine east coast fever were examined by light and electron microscopy at 120 hours after attachment of rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with theileria parva. lesions included epidermal ulcer, hemorrhage, edema, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration by mostly polymorphonuclear and mononuclear (lymphoid) cells. the trophozoite state of t parva was observed in a parasitophorous vacuole and feeding on neutrophil granules. schizonts, some in budding process, and mer ... | 1978 | 98077 |
| [light microscopic studies on the development of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky and luhs, 1904) in hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (koch, 1844). ii. the development in haemolymph and salivary glands (author's transl)]. | fully differentiated kinetes, average length 17.6 micrometer, appeared in the haemolymph of engorged nymphs usually 17 to 20 days after repletion. kinetes were observed at first in the salivary glands on day 18 after repletion. the kinetes then transformed into fission bodies of about 10 micrometer in diameter, mainly in type iii alveoli and less frequently in type ii alveoli. the fission bodies grew up to a size of about 20 micrometer after several divisions of their nucleus. at this time the t ... | 1978 | 99896 |
| structures associated with theileria parasites in eland erythrocytes. | | 1978 | 102266 |
| the incidence of theilerial parasites in east african buffalo (syncerus caffer). | 245 buffalo from 13 areas of east africa were examined for theilerial infections. the vast majority of buffalo (97.1%) examined had piroplasms in their erythrocytes. theileria lawrencei was isolated from the buffalo by tick feeding and cell culture and was found to be common in most of these buffalo populations. also over 50% of the buffalo had indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) titres to t. lawrencei. t. mutans was only isolated from 3 buffalo populations but is probably common. haematoxenus s ... | 1978 | 103262 |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in cattle: activity against 51cr-labeled chicken erythrocytes coated with protozoal antigens. | bovine mononuclear cells in the presence of bovine anti-chicken erythrocyte sera at high dilutions induce release of chromium-51 from labeled chicken erythrocytes. bovine effector cells are capable of recognizing both bovine immunoglobulin g(1) and bovine immunoglobulin g(2); in contrast, human effector cells only recognize immunoglobulin g(1). effector cell activity of bovine mononuclear cells is equally distributed between peripheral blood and spleen. as in other species, thymus and lymph node ... | 1978 | 103832 |
| in vitro studies on the action of menoctone and other compounds on theileria parva and t. annulata. | bovine lymphoblastoid cell cultures permanently infected with theileria parva and t. annulata were used in an in vitro screen to test a wide range of compounds for chemotherapeutic activity against these parasites. only two compounds, menoctone and methotrexate, showed significant activity, which has subsequently been confirmed by tests in infected cattle. menoctone was about 100 times more active than methotrexate. mixtures of menoctone and various other other compounds were tested, but showed ... | 1978 | 104669 |
| development of infectivity in hyalomma detritum (schulze, 1919) ticks infected with theileria annulata (dchunkowsky and luhs, 1904). | the time-course for the development of infectivity was studied in hyalomma detritum ticks fed as pre-imagoes on calves infected with theileria annulata. unfed adults derived from infected nymphs were non-infectious when inoculated into susceptible calves, whereas ticks of both sexes that had fed for 2-3 days or longer on calves or rabbits were always infectious. some adults fed for only 1-2 days were infectious, whereas others were not. as few as 2 ticks were capable of infecting susceptible cal ... | 1978 | 107504 |
| infectivity of ground-up tick supernates prepared from theilerai annulata infected hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum. | groups of theileria annulata infected hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum adults prefed on a calf for 1 to 6 days were separately ground in tissue culture medium-199, supplemented with bovine albumin powder, fraction-v. supernatant fluid was collected, made up with additional medium, so that each millilitre represented material from 25 ticks, and was injected subcutaneously into groups of cross-bred male calves. the results indicated that ground-up tick supernate (guts) prepared from unfed ticks was ... | 1979 | 111383 |
| immunization against bovine tropical theileriosis, using 60co-irradiated infective particles of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky and luhs 1904) derived from ticks. | portions of ground supernate material from theileria annulata-infected and prefed adults of the hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum were irridiated by 60co source at 0, 3, 5, 6, 7, or 9 krads. these portions were injected subcutaneously into different groups of cross-bred calves. the calves injected with 0-, 3-, or 5-krad irradiated tick supernate had severe reactions (rectal temperature 39.8 to 41.6 c, two- to fourfold enlargement of prescapular lymph gland, mean peak parasitemia 27.3% to 32.5% infe ... | 1979 | 112890 |
| characteristics of theileria species (eland) infections in eland and cattle. | | 1979 | 116335 |
| the production of nymphs of hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum for experimental infection with theileria annulata. | methods are described for the production of nymphs of hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum for later use in transmission experiments with theileria annulata where the timing of the application of nymphs to infected cattle needs to be accurately controlled. larvae are fed on the torsos of rabbits where approximately 98% undergo a two-host feeding cycle. this cycle is interrupted 2 days after the first larvae moult into nymphs by killing the rabbits and the nymphs are then collected with a suction pump. ... | 1979 | 116404 |
| theileria mutans in nigeria. | two strains of bovine theileria from northern nigeria were shown to be identical to theileria mutans in the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. one of the strains was transmitted by the tick amblyomma variegatum; large macroschizonts, typical for t mutans, could be demonstrated in infected cattle. it is concluded from these experiments and from the literature that there is reliable evidence so far for the occurrence in nigeria of only two bovine tehileria species, t mutans and t velifera. | 1979 | 117536 |
| serological comparison of british theileria mutans and japanese t sergenti. | a serological comparison between british theileria mutans and japanese t sergenti using the indirect fluorescent antibody test, showed that the two parasites were indistinguishable. on the basis of this and previous findings it is suggested that the british parasite is identical with the japanese one and that its name should therefore be changed to t sergenti. | 1979 | 117537 |
| induction of infective stages of theileria parva by exposure of host ticks to high temperature. | it was demonstrated that theileria parva parasites infective to cattle could be induced by exposure of infected adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks to 37 degrees c. the production of the sporozoites of t parva was not as efficient as by feeding ticks on rabbits. | 1979 | 119344 |
| electron-microscopic studies on theileria ovis rodhain, 1916: development of kinetics in the gut of the vector tick, rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi neumann, 1897, and their transformation within cells of the salivary glands. | gamogony of theileria ovis rodhain occurs within the gut of nymphs of the tick rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi neumann. after molting, spherical and ovoid parasites are found within the intestinal cells of the ticks. these stages are thought to be zygotes, because they undergo a transformation process leading ultimately (in 3 days) to the formation of a motile stage, the kinete, the fine structure of which is very similar to that of the ookinetes of the hemosporidia. the kinete leaves the gut cell ... | 1979 | 119849 |
| isoenzyme variation in piroplasms isolated from bovine blood infected with theileria annulata and t parva. | blood from calves infected with theileria annulata and t parva was freed from host cell elements and the piroplasms liberated from the red cells by ammonium chloride lysis. lysates of the purified piroplasms and control host cell material were examined electrophoretically for several enzymes. zymograms stained for glucose phosphate isomerase showed distinct differences between the host cell enzyme pattern and parasite enzyme patterns. the isoenzyme pattern of t annulata piroplasms differed from ... | 1979 | 120575 |
| on the life cycle of theileria velifera (uilenberg, 1964) in the gut and the haemolymph of the tick vector amblyomma variegatum (fabriciu, 1794). | the development of theileria velifera in the gut and the haemolymph of the tick vector amblyomma variegatum is described. between days three and eight after repletion various sexual stages are present in the gut of the nymphs. zygotes were detected in the gut on day 14, while undifferentiated kinetes first appeared on day 15. in the haemolymph, differentiated kinetes were observed from day 16 after repletion onwards. zygotes and kinetes were also found after the moult, in the adult tick, for a p ... | 1979 | 120627 |
| theileria velifera demonstrated in cattle in the eastern cape province of the republic of south africa. | | 1979 | 121748 |
| the differential diagnosis of the bovine theilerias of southern africa. | it is currently thought that the following species or sub-species of theileria occur in cattle in southern africa: theileria parva parva (east coast fever), theileria parva lawrencei (corridor disease), theileria parva bovie (rhodesian theileriosis), theileria mutans proper (transmitted by amblyomma species), so-called theileria mutans (a non-pathogenic species transmitted by rhipicephalus appendiculatus, possibly identical with theileria taurotragi) and theileria velifera. the parasites can be ... | 1979 | 122000 |
| virulence and immunogenicity of cultured theileria annulata schizonts. | | 1979 | 122001 |
| skin nodules in east coast fever. | a skin eruption developed in five calves with advanced experimental east coast fever (ecf) (theileria parva infection). in three cases the eruption was due to intradermal nodules containing numerous theilerial schizonts, in one animal the nodules contained abscesses filled with demodex mites, and in the fifth calf both types of nodules were present. no nodules were seen in 15 other experimental cases of ecf, which generally died or were killed in an earlier stage of the disease. it is postulated ... | 1979 | 122267 |
| artificial infection of the tick rhipicephalus appendiculatus with theileria parva. | methods for infecting rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks with theileria parva by injection and by artificial feeding were confirmed and compared. the injection method proved simpler and at best as effective and suggested improvements are described. | 1979 | 122269 |
| theileria parva: purine and pyrimidine metabolism and the action of folate antagonists in parasitized bovine lymphoid cells. | | 1977 | 138597 |
| initial studies on the properties of a bovine lymphoid cell culture line infected with theileria parva. | | 1978 | 154370 |
| cell-mediated immunity to theileria-transformed cell lines. | in east and central africa the protozoan parasite theileria parva causes a disease of cattle called east coast fever (ecf). in kenya alone between 60,000 and 85,000 cattle die from ecf every year. infected animals can recover from ecf either naturally or after treatment with tetracyclines or menoctone and are subsequently able to resist challenge with the homologous strain of parasite. that this acquired resistance is due to cell-mediated rather than humoral immunity has been suspected but never ... | 1979 | 162151 |
| attempts to produce theileria parva-infected mouse cells using cell fusion techniques. | ehrlich ascites tumour (eat) cells were fused with theileria parva-infected bovine lymphoid (c2) cells using inactivated sendai virus. a variety of techniques were employed to try and increase fusion percentage and harvest of heterokaryons. there was no evidence that pre-exposure of c2 cells to sendai virus or phytohaemagglutinin improved fusion percentage, but the percentage was higher when 10(8) c2 cells were fused with 10(7) eat cells, as compared with a ratio of 10(7) c2: 10(6) eat. an incre ... | 1976 | 184506 |
| atypical mitochondria in an intracellular protozoan (theileria annulata, apicomplexa). identification by ultracytochemistry. | | 1978 | 215921 |
| serological studies on strains of theileria mutans isolated in east africa using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. | the serological response of cattle infected with theileria mutans (aitong) by cyclical and mechanical transmission was studied using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique with t. mutans piroplasm and schizont antigens. cattle infected by either method show high antibody titres against piroplasm antigens which persist for periods of over one year. only cattle with tick-induced infections had an antibody response to schizont antigen. the serological cross-reactions of t. mutans (ationg) with ... | 1977 | 322622 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania. vi. second field trial on immunization against cattle theileriosis. | nine cattle, immunized by an infection and treatment method with 3 strains of theileria parva (muguga, kiambu 5 and serengeti transformed) and nine controls, were exposed to natural tick infestation in tanzania. all controls contracted fatal east coast fever within 2 months of exposure. all immunized animals survived the period of exposure (over 2 months), but later one died of ecf, one of heart-water, one of an undetermined cause (not a theileriosis), and one disappeared from the herd. the 5 re ... | 1977 | 324053 |
| the serological relationship of a british theileria with other theileria species using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. | antisera and antigens of a theileria species isolated from british cattle were compared with those of six strains of theileria mutans from geographically separated areas in east and south africa, using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test. it was found that the british theileria species did not react in the ifa test with these strains of t mutans. the british theileria species was also compared with a variety of other theileria species using the ifa test and no reactions were detected. i ... | 1977 | 327522 |
| evaluation of the indirect fluorescent antibody test for babesia major and theileria mutans in britain. | use of the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests is described to detect antibodies to theileria mutans and babesia major in the sera of infected cattle. when antisera against t mutans and b major were tested against homologous antigens high antibody titres were recorded: when they were tested against each other or against babesia divergens antigen insignificant titres (1/40 or less) were recorded. thus the test was found to be species specific. animals recovered from t mutans and b major inf ... | 1977 | 327676 |
| biological differences between african theileria mutans (theiler 1906) and two benign species of theileria of cattle in australia and britain. | serological and morphological comparisons between the theilerias found in australian and british cattle and of these with african theileria mutans (theiler 1906) showed that the australian and british parasites were similar to each other but different from t. mutans. further investigations are required to determine taxonomic affinities between the australian and british theilerias and t. sergenti, a similar parasite found in eastern asia. | 1977 | 332140 |
| identification of babesia bigemina in the tick boophilus decoloratus by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. | developing stages of babesia bigemina were detected in the giemsa-stained haemolymph smears of replete boophilus decoloratus females engorged on infected animals. replicate smears of these were prepared for staining by the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) technique. with specific antisera to b bigemina in dilutions up to 1/160 and rabbit antibovine globulin conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (conjugate) the b bigemina stages were seen to fluoresce under the fluorescent microscope. whe ... | 1977 | 333527 |
| detection of antibodies in trypanosome-infected cattle by means of a microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a micromodification of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated for its potential application in the immunodiagonsis of bovine trypanosomiasis. serum samples from infected and non-infected zebu cattle and samples from friesian cattle with experimental infections were exmained for the presence of trypanosomal antibodies. there were significant differences between the microelisa values obtained with samples from infected and non-infected cattle. during the course of infection mi ... | 1977 | 333677 |
| electron microscopic studies of the development of kinetes in theileria annulata dschunkowsky & luhs, 1904 (sporozoa, piroplasmea). | gamogony of theileria annulata dschunkowsky & luhs occurs within the intestine of nymphs of the tick hyalomma anatolicum excavatum koch. after the 5th day post repletionem (p.r.) of the ticks spherical and ovoid parasites were found within the intestinal cells. these stages were thought to represent fertilized macrogametes. these underwent a transformation process leading ultimately to the differentiation of a motile stage, the kinete, which leaves the intestinal cells on the 14th-17th day p.r. ... | 1977 | 407352 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania. vii. additional note on the transmission of theileria parva. | rhipicephalus evertsi successfully transmitted fatal east coast fever (theileria parva infection) in one experiment. a second one gave negative results, as did an attempted transmission of t. parva by amblyomma variegatum. | 1977 | 407682 |
| isolation of a theileria species from eland (taurotragus oryx) infective for cattle. | theileria infections were induced in cattle by feeding ticks on them from 3 sources: (a) adult rhipicephalid ticks obtained from the vegetation in a paddock containing an eland eao at the animal orphanage, nairobi national park, kenya, (b) rhipicephalus appendiculatus adults fed as nymphs on the same eland, (c) r. pulchellus adults fed as nymphs on an eland w 68 captured in the machakos district of kenya. both eland were harbouring theileria parasites at the time nymphal ticks were fed. mild inf ... | 1977 | 407683 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania. viii. experiments with african buffalo (syncerus caffer). | it has been found that african buffalo may remain infective carriers of theileria parva lawrencei for at least 5 years. this infection is now known to exist in buffalo in 3 sites in northern tanzania. it was shown that buffalo can be infected with haematoxenus veliferus and theileria mutans of cattle and retransmission of these parasites from buffalo to cattle was successful. the species of haematoxemus reported in wild buffalo in central and east africa is likely to be h. veliferus, while the p ... | 1977 | 410128 |
| experimental tick transmission of theileria species between eland. | | 1977 | 412942 |
| east coast fever immunisation trials in uganda: field exposure of zebu cattle immunized with three isolates of theileria parva. | | 1977 | 413226 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania ix. unidentified bovine theileriae. | two strains of nonpathogenic theileriae, designated as theileria sp. (idobogo) and theileria sp. (mwanza), were isolated from cattle in southern and northern tanzania respectively. they were similar to each other, producing low numbers of t. parva-like macroschizonts and of small piroplasms. both were readily transmitted by rhipicephalus appendiculatus. no serological relationship with t. mutans was found, while serum of some of the recovered animals gave fleeting, low titres in the indirect flu ... | 1977 | 414387 |
| studies on theileriidae (sporozoa) in tanzania. x. a large-scale field trial on immunization against cattle theileriosis. | 50 cattle immunized by an infection and treatment method with 3 strains of theileria parva (mugaga, kiambu 5 and serengeti transformed), together with 19 controls, were exposed to natural tick infestation in tanzania, in a site where a continuous influx of infected ticks from different regions of the country may be expected to occur. exposure lasted for 2 months, monitoring continued for 3 more weeks after exposure ended. all 19 controls contracted east coast fever and died. 40 of the 50 immuniz ... | 1977 | 414388 |
| theileria parva piroplasmosis in mice, and its attempted transmission with rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. | theileria parva piroplasm infection of mouse erythrocytes was detected, following intraperitoneal inoculation of mice with irradiated cultures of t. parva-infected bovine lymphoid cells. infection could not be transmitted to cattle using rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. | 1977 | 414389 |
| the use of tetracyclines on the chemotherapy of experimental east coast fever (theileria parva infection of cattle). | in a series of experiments, groups of cattle, undergoing patent east coast fever (ecf) reactions induced by the inoculation of tick-derived stabilates of theileria parva infective particles, were treated by parenteral administration of 2 tetracyclines. ten cattle were treated with n-pyrrolidinomethyl tetracycline at 15 mg/kg for 5 days, starting on the first day macroschizonts were detected in lymph node biopsy smears. nine of these treated cattle survived ecf reactions induced by an inoculum wh ... | 1977 | 414390 |
| theileria mutans the infectivity for cattle of parasites derived from prefed amblyomma variegatum nymphs. | a steer was infected with theileria mutans (aitong) by application of infected amblyomma variegatum nymphs. uninfected a. variegatum larvae were applied to this steer when piroplasms developed. the resultant (and infected) a. variegatum nymphs were applied to the ears of rabbits. equal numbers of ticks were removed daily from rabbits and ground in eagles minimal essential medium. the infectivity of the supernatant fluid was tested in cattle. the produced supernatant fluids were infective between ... | 1977 | 414391 |
| development of theileria parva (theiler, 1904) in the gut of rhipicephalus appendiculatus (neumann, 1901). | | 1977 | 415285 |
| observations on haematoxenus separatus uilenberg & andreasen 1974 in the erythrocytes of kenyan sheep. | two kenyan sheep were splenectomised; on examination of giemsa stained blood smears large numbers of piroplasms identical in morphology to theileria ovis and haematoxenus separatus (with a veil in the infected erythrocyte) were detected. uncoagulated infected blood was examined under phase-contrast and it was found that the vast majority of the infected erythrocytes had veils. the veils were more resistant to lysis than the erythrocyte itself and in lysed preparations the veils were seen floatin ... | 1977 | 415344 |
| east coast fever: cultivation in vitro of cell-free schizonts and merozoites of theileria parva and their immunogenicity in cattle. | cell-free schizonts and merozoites of theileria parva and theileria lawrencei, derived from parasitized lymphoid cell lines, were propagated in vitro using enriched medium. use of radioisotopic markers showed that the bovine cell-independent parasites passed through a limited but marked replication by day 4. if normal bovine rbc were inoculated in vitro with the cell-free merozoites, development of piroplasms in the rbc occurred. electron microscopic studies of the merozoites and piroplasms reve ... | 1978 | 415644 |
| specific igm and iggantibodies in cattle immunized or infected with theileria annulata. | antibodies of the igm and igg classes were detected in cattle inoculated with living or dead theileria annulata. both types of antibody appeared from 18 to 36 days after inoculation and persisted for up to 120 days, the longest period tested. no diagnostic application could be assigned to the differentiation of the 2 classes of antibody. | 1978 | 417441 |
| erythrocytic forms of theileria velifera. | the enigmatic veil associated with the cattle parasite haematoxenus veliferus has been shown to be crystallike in ultrastructure and to stain with benzidine like haemoglobin. the ultrastructure of the organism is similar to that of other theilerial parasites. as less distinct veil-like structures are known to occur with some other theileria species, and in one case, have also been shown to be crystalline in structure, it is proposed to sink the genus haematoxenus as a synonym of theileria. | 1978 | 418470 |
| serum transaminase activities in the bovine experimentally infected with east coast fever (theileria parva infection). | | 1979 | 548138 |
| bovine cerebral theileriosis (turning sickness) with spinal cord involvement. | a case of bovine cerebral theileriosis is described in which the principle lesions occurred in the spinal cord and its meninges. these were clogging of vessels with lymphocytes, many of which were parasitised by theileria sp. schizonts (probably t. mutans), thrombosis and infarction of nervous tissue, and lymphocytic meningomyelitis. rare cerebral meningeal vessels showed thrombosis. clinically the animal showed posterior paresis. | 1979 | 551186 |
| experimental therapy of theileriosis. | a tissue culture method was used to screen compounds for activity against theileria parva, and demonstrated that the hydroxy-alkylated naphthoquinones, 'menoctone' and 993c were highly active, with ed50 values around 0,005 mg/l. when injected into cattle artificially infected the t. parva, menoctone cured all of 7 cattle at a total dosage of 10 mg/kg injected intravenously (i.v.). a further trial showed that injection of menoctone, 10 mg/kg, as a single dose gby the intramuscular (i.m.) route wa ... | 1979 | 553970 |
| [fine structural study on the erythrocytic stages of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky, luhs, 1904) (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 562008 |
| immunization of cattle against theileria parva. | | 1977 | 596297 |
| cell-mediated immunity in tropical theileriasis (theileria annulata infection). | migration of peripheral leucocytes collected from theileria annulata carrier cattle was inhibited in the presence of piroplasmal antigen. the degree of inhibition was antigen density dependent. the same antigen did not inhibit migration of leucocytes obtained from clean animals, raised under tick-free conditions. the carrier animals exhibited typical skin sensitivity reaction on intradermal inocluation of the piroplasmal antigen. the known negative animals failed to evince a similar reaction. | 1977 | 605307 |
| immunisation of cattle against tropical theileriosis (theileria annulata infection) by "infection-treatment" method. | | 1977 | 606142 |
| studies on the relationship between the quantum of infection and the ensuing reaction of cattle infected with theileria annulata. | | 1977 | 610628 |
| symptoms and pathology of experimental bovine tropical theileriosis (theileria annulata infection). | bovine tropical theileriosis (theileria annulata infection) is of great economic importance to several countries of asia and africa where millions of cattle are at risk of exposure to this disease. the authors describe symptoms, sequence of appearance of the parasite and pathology of the infection by three virulent strains of the parasite in fully susceptible calves. symptoms observed were: enlargement of local lymph gland, fever, haemorrhages on visible mucous membranes and sometime on skin, an ... | 1977 | 613962 |
| studies on the transmission and course of infection of a kenyan strain of theileria mutans. | | 1978 | 622309 |
| [clinical study on experimental theileria annulata infections of cattle. 1. clinical-chemical studies]. | the extent of liver and kidney damage in 10 young steers, infected with a stabilate of theileria annulata, was estimated by the determination of enzymes (got, gpt, sdh, ald), serum levels of bilirubin and urea. at the same time the effectiveness of some liver protecting medical agents was tested. the following results were obtained: change in the activity of the enzymes got, sdh and ald and the increase of bilirubin during the advanced course of the disease are indicative of severe tissue damage ... | 1978 | 623617 |
| [clinical studies on theileria annulata infection in cattle. ii. hematological studies]. | | 1978 | 629735 |
| theileria parva: significance of leukocytes for infecting cattle. | | 1978 | 668839 |
| chemoprophylaxis with tetracycline drugs in the immunisation of cattle against theileria annulata infection. | | 1978 | 748220 |
| serological response to the indirect fluorescent antibody test of cattle infected with theileria sergenti. | | 1976 | 769916 |
| [isolation of theileria mutans (theiler, 1906) from the blood of cattle in northern germany (shor communication)]. | | 1976 | 791608 |
| application of fluorescent antibody technique to determine infectivity rates of amblyomma americanium (l.) (acarina: ixodidae) salivary glands and oral secretions by theileria cervi (piroplasmorida: theileriidae). | salivary glands and oral secretion from individual field collected ticks, or ticks infected with theileria cervi in the laboratory, were subjected to fluorescent antibody techniques to determine the reliability of the technique in the identification of t. cervi in either the oral secretion or salivary glands. results indicated that the fluorescent antibody technique can be used with a reasonable degree of success in the identification of infected salivary glands or oral secretion. oral secretion ... | 1976 | 794455 |
| investigations on a theileria species from an impala. | an immature impala (aepyceros melampus), captured in the machakos district of kenya, had theileria-like parasites in its erythrocytes. blood from this animal was inoculated into a theileria-free impala born in captivity and a theileria-free, splenectomized steer. theilerial piroplasms were detected in the erythrocytes of the recipient impala 10 days after inoculation, and a peak parasitaemia of 2% was reached after 48 days, but no infection was detected in the steer. anaemia developed in the rec ... | 1975 | 803575 |
| the role of wild mammals in the epidemiology of bovine theilerioses in east africa. | the theileriidae of east african wild mammals are reviewed. three species of wild bovidae were captured in east africa. they were africa cape buffalo (syncerus caffer), blue wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus) and eland (taurotragus oryx), and all were found to be naturally infected with theileria species. these animals were studied to determine the transmissibility and pathogenicity of their theilerial infections to cattle. adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks, which had engorged as nymphs o ... | 1975 | 803580 |
| heterotransplantation of theileria parva-infected cells to athymic mice. | | 1975 | 804142 |
| the specific immunoglobulin response in cattle to theileria parva (muguga) infection. | cattle were inoculated with dilutions of theileria parva (muguga) stabilate without concurrent antibiotic treatment. the dilutions were selected to induce severe east coast fever infections, which in some cases would lead to death. serum samples were collected and the complement fixation (cf), indirect haemagglutination (iha) and indirect immunofluorescence (ifa) tests were used to detect t. parva serum antibodies. sera were fractionated on sephadex g200 to determine the activities of specific i ... | 1975 | 804155 |
| isolation of a bovine theileria. | dual infections of anaplasma marginale and a theileria, resembling theileria mutans, occurred in splenectomized calves inoculated with pooled blood samples from eastern texas cattle. theileria was obtained in pure form by treating dually infected cattle with selectively eliminated anaplasma. these theileria infections were responsible for mild, transient reductions in packed red blood cell volume (pcv). | 1975 | 804831 |
| the effect of 3, 6, bis-dimethylaminoacridine on cultured bovine lymphoid cells infected with theileria parva and in cattle experimentally infected with east coast fever. | | 1975 | 805506 |
| [cytomorphological characteristics of continous lymphoid cell culture invaded by theileria]. | cell types and morphological characteristics of theileria annulate-invaded cell lines from spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes were studied. parasites in the form of macroschizonts were shown to invade three main cell groups: small lymphocyte type, monocyte type, and large reticulum cell type. theilerias were found in the cytoplasm of these cells. fibroblast-like cells present in the culture were free from theileria. during mitotic division of a host cell, parasites were found to be distributed betw ... | 1975 | 806154 |
| [preservation of cell cultures infected with theileria in liquid nitrogen]. | | 1975 | 807023 |
| theileria parva: effects of irradiation on a culture of parasitized bovine lymphoid cells. | | 1975 | 807485 |
| development of theileria mutants (aitong) in the tick amblyomma variegatum compared to that of t. parva (muguga) in rhipicephalus appendiculatus. | a comparison was made between the development of theileria mutans (aitong) in adult amblyomma variegatum ticks and the development of t. parva (muguga) in adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks. both batches of ticks dropped as engorged nymphs from cattle whose intraerythrocytic parasitemias were approximately 40%, and it was thus possible to make a direct comparison of the infection rates produced in their tick hosts in this experiment by the 2 species of theileria. ticks of the 2 batches wer ... | 1975 | 809568 |
| correlation between the morphology and infectivity of theileria lawrencei developing in the tick rhipicephalus appendiculatus. | adult rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks, infected as nymphs by feeding them on an african buffalo harbouring theileria lawrencei, were applied to the ears of rabbits. equal numbers of the feeding ticks were removed daily from rabbits and either dissected and processed so that parasites in their salivary glands could be examined morphologically and classified, or ground in eagle's minimal essential medium, to harvest parasites from the ticks in the resultant supernatant fluid. the infectivity of ... | 1975 | 809739 |
| hybrid cells, infected with theileria parva, formed by fusion of hamster and mouse cells with parasitised bovine lymphoid cells. | bovine lymphoid cells from a culture line parasitised with theileria parva were fused to mouse heart (mh) and baby hamster kidney (bhk) cells, grown as monolayers, using inactivated sendai virus. the resultant heterokaryons contained macroschizonts of t parva. macroschizonts also occurred in cells that apparently contained only bhk or mh nuclei. parasites underwent varying degrees of development; in some cases microschizonts resulted, and in other cases massive atypical parasite masses were form ... | 1975 | 809820 |
| theileria mutans: experimental transmission by haemaphysalis punctata. | t. mutans (essex), originally isolated from a farm in the county of essex in south-east england by allowing field-collected h. punctata tickes to feed on a splenectomized calf, was syringe-passaged once between calves and then resecured in a laboratory-reared strain of h. punctata. from subsequent studies it was found that only transstadial transmission of the parasite occurred. thus, only the larval and the nymphal stages of the ticks were capable of acquiring the infection and subsequently nym ... | 1975 | 810930 |
| on the life cycle of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky and luhs, 1904) in the midgut and hemolymph of hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (koch, 1844). | | 1975 | 810989 |
| the effect of leucocytes from cattle immunized against east coast fever on the migration of bovine lymphoblasts infected with theileria parva. | | 1975 | 812298 |
| [virulence and immunogenic properties in strains of theileria annulata]. | | 1975 | 813362 |
| [immunofluorescence reaction in the study of the antigenic and immunogenic properties of theileria annulata]. | | 1975 | 813364 |
| studies on the development of theileria annulata dschunskowsky and luhs, 1904 in the tick--hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum koch, 1844. | the endogenous development of theileria annulata in the vector tick--hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum has been described. parasites within and outside the erythrocytes were seen in the gut contents of larvae and nymphs immediately after their removal from the infected cattle but not after 24 hours. two bodies resembling the intra-erythrocytic stage of the parasite, lying close to each other were seen near the gut epithelium of a larva on the 4th day of its dropping off the infected host. neither m ... | 1975 | 813551 |
| [cultivation of theileria annulata in tissue culture]. | | 1975 | 814691 |
| [methods of detecting theileria mutans]. | | 1975 | 814696 |
| [light microscopic studies on the development of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky and luhs, 1904) in hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (koch, 1844). i. the development in the gut of engorged nymphs (author's transl)]. | a laboratory strain of h. a. excavatum was selected on high susceptibility for t. annulata through several generations. giemsa-stained smears and wet smears of gut and gut content were studied. after engorgement of erythrocytic stages of t. annulata by the nymphs the following development was observed: 1. erythrocytic merozoites developed to slender, spindleshaped "microgamonts" in the gut 24 to 96 hours after repletion (p. repl.). spherical stages with a conspicuous spike developed at the same ... | 1975 | 814732 |
| [electron microscope studies on development stages of theileria annulata (dschunkowsky, luhs, 1904) in the intestine and haemolymph of hyalomma anatolicum excavatum (koch, 1844) (author's transl)]. | for the first time developmental stages of theileria within the intestine and haemolymph of ticks were studied by electron microscopy. on the 1st-6th day post repletionem the intestine of the ticks contained humerous tages, which were very similar to microgamonts and microgametes of haemosporidia. later, on the 14th-19th day p.r. ookinete-like stages ere found in the haemolymph of ticks. from these results it seemed likely that gamogony of theileria takes place in the intestine of ticks. in more ... | 1975 | 814733 |
| adaptation and possible attenuation of theileria parva-infected cells grown in irradiated mice. | | 1976 | 815278 |
| the establishment of theileria-infected cell lines from an eland (taurotragus oryx, lydekker 1906). | five cell lines infected with theilerial schizonts were established from lymph node biopsy samples and peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes taken from a sick eland (taurotragus oryx). in four of the cell lines the schizonts were seen in lymphoblastoid cells, which grew in suspension. the fifth cell line grew as a monolayer and the schizonts were seen to be infecting monocytic macrophage-like cells. many infected multinucleate cells were seen in this culture. it is possible that this represent ... | 1976 | 817379 |
| simulation in vitro of bovine host cycle of theileria parva. | | 1976 | 818570 |
| [ultrastructure of theileria annulata]. | | 1976 | 818783 |