| [soluble babesia ovis antigen]. | dissolved antigen of plasma and of erythrocytic cytoplasma was obtained from 4 splenectomized sheep experimentally infected by babesia ovis. blood was taken in the stage of acute parasitemia with 23--25% parasite erythrocytes. the antigen was isolated by precipitating the plasma and the erythrocytic cytoplasma three times with an ammonium sulfate solution saturated 50 and 75%. the fraction obtained following dialysis was concentrated after mcerlean's method. the specificity and activity of the i ... | 1979 | 93342 |
| [invasiveness and immunogenicity of babesia ovis in sheep]. | studies aiming to determine the invasion-ability and immunogeneity of b. ovis during the incubation period, the acute and the abating stages of the disease were carried out. it was established that in the first days of the incubation period blood is susceptible to invasion, but recipients which pull through the illness acquire immunity. it is proven that in case blood is taken late in the course of the disease and inoculated, the recipients undergo a more acute infection, but after recovery they ... | 1979 | 532095 |
| [production of a babesia ovis extract and its testing for antigenic properties]. | an extract of the parasitic erythrocyte stroma sediment of babesia ovis was produced. parasite infestation of the erythrocytes was from 23 to 25%. the sediment was destroyed by three methods: 1) by ultrasound; 2) by twenty-fold freezing and unfreezing in liquid nitrogen; 3) by lyophylization. the supernatant of the destroyed sediment, obtained by ultracentrifugation of 103,5000 g per 1 h was tested as antigen in rcb, ragp, riha. positive result was obtained for all three reactions with homologou ... | 1979 | 532096 |
| [deep freezing of babesia ovis in liquid nitrogen]. | comparative investigations were carried out to determine the optimal concentration of glycerin and dimethylsulfoxide in deep freezing of sheep erythrocytes infected with babesia ovis. the blood was obtained from experimentally infected weaned lambs in the phase of acute parasitemia. equal blood samples, mixed with the same volume of 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-molar concentrations of the two cryoprotective agents as well as blood samples without such agents were frozen by the slow and the fast method up t ... | 1977 | 595370 |
| studies on imidocarb dihydrochloride in experimental babesia ovis infection in splenectomized lambs. | | 1977 | 608109 |
| [immunofluorescent test in the diagnosis of babesiasis]. | the direct and the indirect immunofluorescence methods were tested in the diagnosis of babesiasis in sheep. the antigen used was material of erythrocyte smears with babesia ovis, and the conjugate employed in the direct method was obtained from a hyperimmune anti-babesia ovis serum labelled with fluorescein-isothiocyanate. for the indirect methods rabbit anti-sheep globulin was made of, labelled with the same fluorochrome. the specificity of the direct methods was demonstrated by the absence of ... | 1976 | 797106 |
| [effect of ionizing radiation on the virulent and immunogenic properties of babesia ovis]. | the effect was followed up of ionizing radiation at rates of 20, 25, 30, 32, 35, 40 and 50 krad on the virulence and the immunogenic properties of b. ovis. the experiments were carried with 22 sheep (20 test and 2 donor) according to the rate of treatment into 7 test groups with a total of 17 animals, and 1 control with 3 sheep. one month after infection with irradiated blood reinfection was carried out of 8 animals (of different groups) that had recovered, using virulent untreated blood. the ti ... | 1977 | 906306 |
| [pathohistological changes in splenectomized sheep experimentally infected with babesia ovis]. | studied were histopathologically the viscera (liver, lung, kidneys, heart lymph nodes, and brain) of 15 animals (10 ewes and 5 lambs), experimentally infected with blood taken from sheep donors having acute babesiasis. during the experimental period 9 of the animals died, and 6 were killed within the interval from the 4th to the 9th day. dystrophic changes were observed in the epithelial cells of the liver and the kidney tubuli as well as pycnosis of the gangliar cells. in some of the tubuli the ... | 1977 | 919337 |
| [trial of a live vaccine against babesiasis in sheep]. | a flock of 86 weaned lambs was used in field conditions to test the vaccination against babesiasis in sheep, using blood containing up to 5 per cent babesia ovis-infected erythrocytes, referred to as a "live vaccine". the blood was obtained through successive passages performed with the vaccinal strain in four spleenectomized lambs with the parallel treatment of the latter with tetracyclin. the application of the vaccine at rates of 1.75 x 10(7); 3.5 x 10(7); and 7 x 10(7) babesia organisms was ... | 1977 | 929961 |
| [ultrastructure of babesia ovis in the erythrocytes of sheep]. | | 1976 | 1266029 |
| isolation and identification of babesia ovis in extremadura (spain). | a morphological and morphometric comparison was made of a babesia ovis strain isolated in extremadura (spain) and a b. ovis strain from turkey. strains were morphologically similar, with a clear predominance of single sub-spherical or anaplasmoid forms. the use of an image analyser to measure b. ovis merozoites revealed significant differences in the long axis, short axis and volume between the two strains. both strains however behaved in a similar manner in the indirect fluorescent antibody (if ... | 1990 | 1693020 |
| an elisa for the diagnosis of babesia ovis infection utilizing a synthetic, babesia bovis-derived antigen. | the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of babesia ovis antibodies is described. in an initial study, a crude babesia bovis antigen and a synthetic b. bovis-derived antigen (designated 11c5) were used to screen 46 b. ovis-positive and 55 negative sheep sera. a 95% correlation between the two antigenic preparations was found with the positive sera; no negative sera gave positive reactions. the synthetic antigen was then used in the screening of 1466 sera ... | 1991 | 1957483 |
| histopathological changes in sheep experimentally infected with babesia ovis. | histopathological study was made of 12 merino sheep - five splenectomized and seven intact - experimentally infected with babesia ovis. non-purulent encephalitis; initially exudative and subsequently interstitial pneumonia; pericarditis, myocarditis and haemorrhagic endocarditis; centrilobular necrotic hepatitis; hyperplasia of the lymphoreticular system; necrosis and vascular changes in adrenal glands were observed. the kidney was the most severely affected organ, exhibiting acute tubular necro ... | 1991 | 2024425 |
| antibody response and duration of latent infection in sheep following experimental infection with babesia ovis. | babesia ovis isolated in extremadura (spain) was the subject of a serological study in experimentally inoculated sheep. the first antibody titres, determined by the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test, were observed 7-8 days post infection (p.i.) in all animals except the splenectomized group, in which the only animal that survived showed antibody response 10 days p.i. a faster response following challenge was observed in sheep which were seropositive before inoculation, which suggests the ... | 1990 | 2188415 |
| quantitative description of the development of babesia ovis in rhipicephalus bursa (hemolymph, ovary, eggs). | the development and infection dynamics of babesia ovis in the hemolymph, ovaries, and eggs of rhipicephalus bursa are described quantitatively, based mainly on examination of giemsa-stained smears. after alimentary infection of female ticks, their hemolymph became infected 5 days after repletion (p.repl.). the prevalence and mean intensity of infection increased during the course of infection studied, up to 17 days p.repl. after vertical infection of female ticks, their hemolymph was infected on ... | 1988 | 3387406 |
| efficacy, toxicity and metabolism of imidocarb dipropionate in the treatment of babesia ovis infection in sheep. | an intramuscular dose of 1.2 mg kg-1 of imidocarb dipropionate (imdp) was effective in controlling fatal infections with babesia ovis in sheep. the sheep were infected by the intravenous injection of sheep blood containing b ovis. a severe recrudescence of infection occurred in most sheep 10 to 14 days after therapy but this could be controlled by a second dose of 1.2 mg kg-1 imdp. studies on the toxicology, residues and metabolism of imdp showed this to be a safe dosage regimen. transient or mi ... | 1986 | 3764099 |
| [fine structure of the merozoites of babesia ovis in the salivary glands of female ticks]. | | 1972 | 4336136 |
| [immunological studies of babesia ovis strains isolated from various regions of bulgaria]. | | 1974 | 4446350 |
| [the effect of ionizing radiation on the virulence of babesia ovis (i)]. | | 1974 | 4467453 |
| [premunition against blood cell parasites. i. the role of the spleen in the formation of antibodies against babesia ovis]. | | 1973 | 4802913 |
| [developmental forms of babesia ovis]. | | 1968 | 4976089 |
| [a cytochemical study on merozoites of babesia ovis and babesia bigemina (piroplasmidea) in the hemolymph of ticks]. | | 1969 | 4978490 |
| [fine structure of babesia ovis (piroplasmidea) in rhipicephalus bursa (ixodoidea): transformation from spheroid to vermicule form]. | | 1968 | 4988934 |
| [microscopic studies on the development of babesia ovis (piroplasmidea) in rhipicephalus bursa (ixoidea). i. the development in female ticks following repletion]. | | 1969 | 4988937 |
| [light microscopy studies on the development of babesia ovis (piroplasmidea) in rhipicephalus bursa (ixodoidea). ii. cytochemical studies of differentiated merozoites in the salivrry glands of female ticks]. | | 1971 | 4994823 |
| electron microscopic study on the development of babesia ovis (piroplasmia) in the salivary glands of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa. | the formation of babesia ovis sporozoites in salivary gland cells of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa was studied by electron microscopy. the kinetics of b. ovis were found lying intracellularly on the second day after infestation (a.i.) of the ticks. the parasites enlarged rapidly losing all features of the motile form. invaginations of the cell membrane initiated a fragmentation of this developmental stage. on the third day a.i the parasite (measuring 40 x 25 microns) was divided into numer ... | 1982 | 6122360 |
| ultrastructural demonstration of succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity in sporozoites of babesia ovis and theileria annulata (apicomplexa: piroplasmea) in salivary glands of tick vectors (rhipicephalus bursa, hyalomma anatolicum excavatum). | salivary gland stages ("sporozoites") of babesia ovis and theileria annulata (apicomplexa: piroplasmea) in female ixodid ticks were studied for ultracytochemical activity of the respiratory enzymes, succinic dehydrogenase (sdh), and cytochrome oxidase. both sdh and cytochrome oxidase were demonstrated in the sporozoites and the mitochondria in these stages. identified in this way the final reaction product of sdh was located mainly at the inner side of the mitochondrial boundary, though it was a ... | 1980 | 6260921 |
| theileria annulata and babesia ovis: ultracytochemical lactic dehydrogenase activity of sporozoites in salivary glands of female ticks, hyalomma anatolicum excavatum and rhipicephalus bursa. | | 1982 | 6806115 |
| the effect of imidocarb dipropionate on babesia ovis infection in sheep. | | 1982 | 7043832 |
| ultrastructural study of the development of babesia ovis (piroplasmia) in the ovary of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa. | the reproduction of babesia ovis inside the ovary of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa was studied by electron microscopy. the kinetics of b. ovis invade the ovary of the tick via hemolymph. the kinete, when situated intracellularly, is transformed into a polymorphous stage that loses all features of the invasive form. the nucleus elongates enormously and forms many folds which extend throughout the cell. subsequently, the lobulated nucleus and the cytoplasm are divided into numerous uninuclea ... | 1982 | 7086711 |
| experimental transmission of some blood parasites by rhipicephalus species in egypt ii. the role of r. turanicus in transmitting babesia ovis in sheep. | | 1982 | 7153568 |
| [immunobiological and antigenic studies of babesia ovis strains in bulgaria]. | a comparative study was carried out on the immunologic and antigenic properties of 8 strains of babesia ovis isolated in 5 districts of the country. the immunologic capacity was tested through challenging with each of the strains in group of 4 weaned lambs that were preliminary vaccinated with one of the strains - veliko turnovo. two nonvaccinated animals were included in each group, serving as controls. the strength of immunity was checked by both the temperature and the parasitic reaction as w ... | 1981 | 7303478 |
| [ultrastructure and cytochemistry of the pellicle and apical complexes of the kinete of babesia bigemina and babesia ovis in the hemolymph and oavry of the tick]. | the term kinete is used in this paper for the cigar-shaped, motile development stages (vermicule") of babesia occurring intra- and extracellularly in hemolymph and overy (including oocytes) of vectors, hard ticks (ixodoidea). the structure of, and cytochemical activities of hydrolases (acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase) in the pellicle and the apical complex was studied at the fine-structural level in kinetes of babesia bigemina smith & kilborne, in hemolympho of female boophilus microplus ... | 1980 | 7373571 |
| parasitic apicomplexans harbor a chlorophyll a-d1 complex, the potential target for therapeutic triazines. | ultrastructural evidence is presented for the presence of plastid-like organelles in toxoplasma gondii, sarcocystis muris, babesia ovis, and plasmodium falciparum. in addition, it was shown that merozoites of t. gondii contain protochlorophyllidae a and traces of chlorophyll a bound to the photosynthetic reaction centers i ps i and ps ii. a psba gene was isolated from merozoites of s. muris by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). partial sequencing of the pcr product revealed that the herbicide- ... | 1995 | 7770426 |
| molecular variation and diversity in candidate vaccine antigens from babesia. | recombinant vaccines are being developed against a number of species of protozoan parasites in the genus babesia. protozoan parasites are notorious for their diversity of strains and their ability to express families of equivalent, but antigenically distinct, surface proteins. in order to reduce the likelihood of evasion of the immune response induced by a recombinant vaccine, ideal components should be essential proteins encoded by single copy genes. the proteins should also have a limited abil ... | 1993 | 8100672 |
| characterisation of a family of multi-copy genes encoding rhoptry protein homologues in babesia bovis, babesia ovis and babesia canis. | a monoclonal antibody that had been raised against a protease-containing fraction of babesia bovis, and shown to bind to a protein located in the rhoptries, was used to screen a b. bovis cdna expression library. the sequence of the protein encoded by a positive clone was almost identical to the equivalent region of a previously described b. bovis 60-kda rhoptry protein (bv60). a tandem repeat of the gene encoding bv60 was identified in all australian isolates of b. bovis examined. genes encoding ... | 1993 | 8433711 |
| a study of an enzootic focus of sheep babesiosis (babesia ovis, babes, 1892). | morbidity and mortality due to babesia ovis in sheep flocks grazing in an enzootic area of israel occur yearly, about 2 weeks after detection of adult rhipicephalus bursa ticks on the animals. disease incidence peaks in may, but lasts throughout the active period of the adult ticks in the spring-summer months of april-july. no clinical cases of babesiosis have been registered during the active period of the preimaginal stages of r. bursa, from october to february. incidence of parasitaemia durin ... | 1995 | 8747918 |
| piroplasms of domestic animals in the macedonia region of greece. 3. piroplasms of small ruminants. | a study was carried out on piroplasms of small ruminants in the macedonia region of greece. during 1984-1985, 721 serum samples were collected from sheep in 49 localities and 487 from goats in 43 localities. blood smears were also prepared from 26 sheep and eight goats in 16 localities. the prevalence of positive ifa titres for sheep and goat sera, respectively, was: 24.6% and 0.6% for theileria ovis, 52.1% and 36.4% for babesia ovis, 10.5% and 4.2% for babesia motasi, 12.6% and 6.6% for babesia ... | 1996 | 8792581 |
| effect of passage of babesia ovis in the gerbil (acomys cahirinus) on the course of infection in splenectomized lambs. | splenectomized gerbils (acomys cahirinus) have been found to be susceptible to babesia ovis applied via blood inoculation, whereas intact gerbils were not infected. blood from splenectomized latently infected gerbils caused infection in a splenectomized lamb. intact acomys cahirinus gerbils did not become infected by b. ovis, and all captured rodents in an enzootic area, intact and splenectomized, were found to be negative for b. ovis. it can thus be concluded that acomys cahirinus does not serv ... | 1996 | 8916410 |
| the indirect fluorescent antibody test based on schizont antigen for study of the sheep parasite theileria lestoquardi. | an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), based on schizont-infected lymphoblastoid cells, was applied to study the course of antibody production in adult sheep inoculated with attenuated, in vitro grown, theileria lestoquardi (theileria hirci) infected cells. bright fluorescence of the intracellular schizonts could first be demonstrated 15 days after inoculation. a 32-64-fold rise in antibody titres was recorded 1 month after infection, and substantial titres were still observed 90 days aft ... | 1997 | 9187025 |
| tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats and their related vectors in iran. | haemoparasitic diseases have long been considered as a major problem to efficient sheep and goats production in iran. theileriosis due to theileria hirci and babesiosis due to babesia ovis and b. motasi are the most pathogenic protozoa. b. crassa, anaplasma ovis and eperythrozoon ovis are usually non-pathogenic and do not cause any apparent problem. the major tick genera found on sheep and goats are hyalomma, rhipicephalus, haemaphysalis, ixodes and rarely dermacentor distributed in all part of ... | 1997 | 9530694 |
| conventional vaccines for tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases of sheep and goats. | of the many tick-borne haemoparasites of sheep and goats, three may be controlled by vaccination. a live virulent blood vaccine for cowdria ruminantium infection (heartwater) is used widely in southern africa in an infection and treatment procedure. a live vaccine for babesia ovis attenuated by passage in splenectomised sheep has been used extensively in bulgaria with good results. a live vaccine for theileria hirci, consisting of schizonts propagated in a lymphoid cell culture and attenuated by ... | 1997 | 9530695 |
| status of the tick-borne diseases in sheep and goats in turkey. | a serological survey using indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) for babesia ovis infection of sheep has been carried out in different geographical regions of turkey. the results indicated that 71.6% of 141 sheep in black sea region, 70.9% of 93 sheep in central anatolia, 80.2% of 96 sheep in aegean region and 55.7% of 122 sheep in eastern anatolia were seropositive. this means that b. ovis infection is endemic throughout turkey. in addition, occurrence of b. ovis, b. motasi, theileria hirci ... | 1997 | 9530701 |
| some epizootiological and clinical aspects of ovine babesiosis caused by babesia ovis--a review. | the study shows a close relationship between incidence of ovine babesiosis caused by babesia ovis and the activity period and distribution area of the vector tick rhipicephalus bursa. the most important factor limiting the distribution of this tick is a decrease in humidity. in general, it is absent from areas with an average annual rainfall of less than about 300 mm. the rate of parasitaemia and the degree of anaemia were not correlated. decrease of the packed-cell volume ranged from 30 to 40%. ... | 1998 | 9561703 |
| seroprevalence of babesia ovis in spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) in catalonia, northeastern spain. | a serologic survey was carried out in order to detect antibodies against babesia ovis in a large population of spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica) from a hunting reserve in catalonia, northeastern spain. for this purpose, an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was developed using a b. ovis isolate of ovine origin as antigen. of the total 475 sera tested, 155 (32.6%) showed titres between 1:160 and 1:1280 and were considered positive. these results reveal that exposure of spanish ibex to b. ovis ... | 1998 | 9637213 |
| seroprevalence of babesia ovis in mouflon sheep in spain. | a serological survey detected antibodies against babesia ovis in mouflon sheep (ovis musimon) from two different reserves located in catalonia in northeastern spain. an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was developed using a b. ovis isolate of ovine origin as the antigen. of 50 sera tested, six (12%) showed titres between 1:160 and 1:640 and were considered positive. these results indicate that exposure of mouflon to babesia ovis is common in this region. | 1998 | 9706577 |
| attenuation of babesia ovis by rapid successive passages in splenectomized lambs. | | 1998 | 9719830 |
| clinical, clinico-pathological and serological studies of babesia ovis in experimentally infected sheep. | clinical, clinico-pathological and serological studies were performed in sheep experimentally infected with babesia ovis. acute babesiosis occurred in all the lambs infested with adult rhipicephalus bursa ticks and in one lamb infested with the larvae. the rate of parasitaemia and the degree of anaemia were not correlated. decrease in the packed-cell volume ranged from 30 to 40%. parasitized erythrocytes were not observed to block capillaries in the brain, which explained the absence of nervous ... | 1998 | 9780825 |
| seroprevalence of babesia ovis in sheep in catalonia, northeastern spain. | an indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was developed in order to detect antibodies against babesia ovis in different sheep flocks from catalonia, northeastern spain. of the total 2174 sera included in the study, 133 (6.1%) were positive. considerable differences in seroprevalence were detected depending on the geographical areas from which the animals originated. this must have been a consequence of the presence or absence of the vector tick, rhipicephalus bursa, the distribution of which ... | 1998 | 9831951 |
| seroprevalence of babesia ovis in goats in catalonia, spain. | | 1998 | 9839368 |
| presumptive babesia ovis infection in a spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica). | on december 29 1995, a 13-year old, male spanish ibex was easily captured by hand, with depression, weakness and severe tick infestation, mainly in the periocular and auricular regions. blood and serum samples were collected and haematological analysis and serum iron levels were determined. red blood cell count, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (mchc) were decreased and mean corpuscular volume (mcv) increased (macrocytic-hypochromic anemia). s ... | 2000 | 10622613 |
| general review of tick species present in portugal. | at present, 24 species are known to occur in portugal: argas vespertilionis, ornithodoros maritimus and ornithodoros erraticus in argasidae; ixodes acuminatus, ixodes bivari, ixodes canisuga, ixodes frontalis, ixodes hexagonus, ixodes ricinus, ixodes simplex simplex, ixodes ventalloi, ixodes vespertilionis, dermacentor marginatus, dermacentor pictus', haemaphysalis hispanica, haemaphysalis inermis, haemaphysalis punctata, rhipicephalus bursa, rhipicephalus pusillus, rhipicephalus sanguineus, rhi ... | 1999 | 11071535 |
| tick-borne diseases in ruminants of central and southern italy: epidemiology and case reports. | sera and blood from cattle and sheep were examined for the presence of babesia and theileria spp by microscopy and serology at the parasitology department of the istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale of abruzzo and molise (izsam). of the 47 bovine herds (323 animals) tested, 15 were found positive for babesia bigemina and 1 for babesia bovis. two outbreaks occurred, one caused by b. bigemina and one by b. bovis. the b. bigemina outbreak occurred in abruzzo and has been followed for two years. th ... | 1999 | 11071553 |
| the effect of the ovine host parasitaemia on the development of babesia ovis (babes, 1892) in the tick rhipicephalus bursa (canestrini and fanzago, 1877). | batches of rhipicephalus bursa adult ticks were fed on two lambs with 10.0% (batch 1) and 0.3% (batch 2) babesia ovis parasitaemia, respectively. haemolymph and eggs were checked for parasites daily after detachment, before and after appearance of b. ovis in the lamb's blood.b. ovis kinetes were found in the haemolymph and eggs earlier in the engorged ticks detached before appearance of the parasite in the host blood. rates of haemolymph and egg infection with b. ovis as well as the percentage o ... | 2001 | 11240093 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of theileria sp. infection in sheep. | a rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic method, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), was developed for the diagnosis of theileria sp. infection in sheep; and optimal conditions were established, such as antigen concentration, serum dilution, coating time, tween-20 concentration and conjugate. the results were analyzed by measuring the coefficient of variation (cv). three sera titers (high, middle, low) were analyzed over the measurement range, resulting in a cv of around 10%, whereas ... | 2002 | 12051613 |
| an epidemiological study on ovine babesiosis in the mashhad suburb area, province of khorasan, iran. | the prevalence of babesia spp. infection was studied in sheep of the mashhad area in iran from 1998 to 2000. a total of 677 sheep originating from 115 flocks were clinically examined and investigated for the presence of babesia spp. in appropriate blood smears and any tick species on the body of the animals. the study revealed that the infection rate for babesia ovis and babesia motasi were 167 (24.6%) and 4 (0.5%), respectively. double (mixed) infections occurred in 21 (3%) sheep. differences i ... | 2002 | 12208039 |
| studies on theileria and babesia infecting live and slaughtered animals in al arish and el hasanah, north sinai governorate, egypt. | during the year 2001, a total of 475 sheep, 200 goats, 135 cattle and 190 camels in el arich city and el hassanah center were examined for babesia ovis and theileria ovis. blood films were taken from the vein of the ear. meanwhile, the animals were examined for tick infestations. b. ovis and th. ovis were detected in 13 (2.7%), and 14 (2.9%) sheep, 14 (7.0%), and 15 (7.5%) goats, 13 (9.6%), and 11 (8.1%) cattle and 18 (9.5%), and 24 (12.6%) camels respectively. on the other hand, double infectio ... | 2002 | 12214937 |
| [on the host specificity of babesia motasi and babesia ovis (piroplasmidea)]. | | 1964 | 14221622 |
| simultaneous detection and differentiation of theileria and babesia parasites infecting small ruminants by reverse line blotting. | characteristic sequence signatures were identified within the hypervariable region 4 (v4 region) of the small ribosomal rna gene of ovine/caprine piroplasm species including theileria lestoquardi, t. ovis, t. separata, babesia ovis, b. motasi, b. crassa [comprising strains b. crassa (iran) and b. crassa (turkey)] and several novel species: theileria sp. 1 (china), theileria sp. 2 (china) and babesia sp. (china), [comprising strain babesia sp. (lintan), and babesia sp. (ningxian)] as defined prev ... | 2004 | 14652747 |
| identification, genetic diversity and prevalence of theileria and babesia species in a sheep population from northern spain. | the genetic diversity and prevalence of virtually all theileria and babesia species in a sheep population were studied using a specifically designed reverse line blot macroarray. the amplified hypervariable v4 region of the 18s rrna gene was hybridised against generic and species-specific probes. in a first screening (study i), 320 apparently healthy animals corresponding to 32 flocks located in the basque country (northern spain) were analysed. the survey demonstrated a high prevalence of subcl ... | 2004 | 15313132 |
| study on some molecular characterization of babesia orientalis. | the study on buffalo babesiosis indicated that its pathogen was different from other babesia on many aspects such as morphology, transmission and pathogenicity. therefore, it was named as a new species-babesia orientalis. in order to prove the validity of this taxon, molecular taxonomic study on the pathogen was done in this experiment. the complete 18s rrna gene sequence of b. orientalis was determined by pcr. it was sequenced and blasted. the results indicated that the classification of the pa ... | 2005 | 15925722 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction method for diagnosis of babesia ovis infection in sheep and goats. | in this study, a pair of oligonucleotide primers were designed according to the nucleotide sequence of the small subunit ribosomal rna (ssu rrna) gene of babesia ovis isolated from sheep in eastern turkey. the primers were used to detect parasite dna from blood samples of b. ovis-infected sheep and goats by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). a 549-bp dna fragment was specifically amplified from blood samples from sheep and goats, naturally infected with b. ovis. no pcr products resulted from babes ... | 2005 | 16043298 |
| determination of prevalence and risk factors of infection with babesia in small ruminants from greece by polymerase chain reaction amplification. | a total of 124 blood samples were collected from 92 sheep and 32 goats from 21 randomly selected herds located in two regions of greece. data on the characteristics of the animals (species, gender, age, tick burden, presence of haemoglobinuria, prior treatment for babesiosis) and the herd (location, size, species of animals, dogs associated with the herds, tick burden of dogs associated with the herds) were collected through questionnaires. nineteen animals (15%) produced the dna fragment specif ... | 2006 | 16139956 |
| determination of prevalence and risk factors for infection with babesia ovis in small ruminants from turkey by polymerase chain reaction. | in this study, pcr and thin blood smear-based diagnostic methods were used to assess the frequency of babesia infection in small ruminants. a total of 300 sheep and 100 goats from 37 randomly selected herds located in eight locations of eastern turkey were examined for the presence of babesia infection and any tick species on the body of the animals. of 400 blood samples examined, 6 (1.5%) were positive for babesia spp. piroplasms upon microscopic examination, whereas 33 (8.25%) were positive fo ... | 2007 | 17096146 |
| molecular identification, genetic diversity and distribution of theileria and babesia species infecting small ruminants. | detection and identification of theileria and babesia species in 920 apparently healthy small ruminants in eastern turkey, as well as parasite genetic diversity, was investigated using a specifically designed reverse line blot (rlb) assay. the hypervariable v4 region of the 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene was amplified and hybridized to a membrane onto which catchall and species-specific oligonucleotide probes were covalently linked. three theileria and one babesia genotype were identified. compar ... | 2007 | 17490817 |
| at least two genetically distinct large babesia species infective to sheep and goats in china. | a fatal disease of sheep and goats in the northern part of china has been reported to be due to babesia ovis. however, some characteristics of the causative agent in recent reports are not in accordance with the original attributes ascribed to this parasite. therefore, the 18s small subunit ribosomal rna (18s rrna) genes of a number of babesia isolates in china were sequenced and compared with that of other babesia and theileria species in an attempt to clarify their taxonomic position. in the p ... | 2007 | 17531391 |
| determination of rhipicephalus spp. as vectors for babesia ovis in iran. | the tick-borne diseases of livestock constitute a complex of several diseases with different etiological agents, such as protozoa, rickettsia, bacteria, and viruses. one problem discussed in protozoan infection is the determination and characterization of the transmitter agent. because many analyses were performed with the salivary gland smears using the methyl-green-pyronin staining method or the feulgen staining method, the transfer vector remains unanswered in some cases. the aim of this stud ... | 2007 | 17554562 |
| therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate on experimental babesia ovis infection of lambs. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate (imdp) against babesiosis and to determine specific antibodies against babesia ovis in experimentally infected lambs. thirty-six 6-month-old splenectomized lambs were used. the lambs were randomly divided into six groups with six animals each, and were intravenously inoculated with 50 ml b. ovis-infected erythrocytes as follows: group i (therapy group) was treated with imdp (1.2 mg/kg ... | 2007 | 17709209 |
| ticks of small ruminants in china. | the importance of ticks and tick-borne diseases of small ruminants in china is discussed. of the 109 species of ticks identified to date in china, 45 species infest small ruminants. five species have been proved to be involved, or possibly involved, in the transmission of tick-borne diseases. anaplasma ovis, babesia motasi, babesia ovis and two unidentified species of theileria, have been recorded in small ruminants in china. the diseases caused by these organisms are widespread in china, causin ... | 2007 | 17823826 |
| detection of babesia ovis by pcr in rhipicephalus bursa collected from naturally infested sheep and goats. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to assess the presence and the frequency of babesia ovis infection in the adult rhipicephalus bursa and their hosts in elazig province located in eastern turkey. tick and blood samples were collected from 32 sheep and 28 goats of four selected herds. a total of 226 r. bursa were randomly selected from the collected ticks and their salivary glands were dissected out in 0.85% saline under stereo microscope. dna amplification method revealed that the frequen ... | 2008 | 17881019 |
| biometrical and genetical characterization of large babesia ovis in iran. | one species of babesia was identified on the blood smear of 20 different naturally infected sheep in the northwest of iran. it was polymorphic, including double pyriform with acute or obtuse angle, single pyriform, and ring form. the size of typical paired pyriforms with acute angle was 2.7 x 0.4 microm (n=10) and with obtuse angle was 3.5 x 0.6 microm (n=10). although the morphological and biometrical parameters resembled the babesia motasi, the results of seminested polymerase chain reaction ( ... | 2008 | 18386062 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of theileria lestoquardi. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay was developed for the diagnosis of theileria lestoquardi infection. the primers were designed based on the clone-5 sequence of t. lestoquardi. the specificity and sensitivity of the assay were established. analysis of the specificity showed that the selected lamp primers amplified the target sequence from t. lestoquardi dna successfully, while no amplification was seen with dna from theileria annulata, theileria ovis, babesia ovis, anaplasma ... | 2011 | 21744022 |
| evaluation of antioxidant status and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with babesia ovis. | the present study aimed to assess antioxidant status and oxidative stress in sheep naturally infected with babesia ovis. red blood cell (rbc) count, hemoglobin (hb) concentration, packed cell volume (pcv), piroplasm parasitemia percentage, malondialdehyde (mda) concentration, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), catalase (cat) activities and total antioxidant capacity (tac) were determined in 52 sheep naturally infected with b. ovis as well as same number of h ... | 2011 | 22030375 |
| an epidemiological survey on bovine and ovine babesiosis in kurdistan province, western iran. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the babesia infection in domestic animals in kurdistan province of iran for the first time. in this survey, 9,111 domestic livestock, including cattle and sheep, were randomly sampled and examined from 500 flocks in kurdistan province from july 2007 to september 2009. thin peripheral blood smears were taken and then stained by giemsa staining method. from a total of 9,111 collected samples, 2,642 were sheep and 6,469 were cattle. babesia s ... | 2012 | 22109588 |
| Babesia ovis as the main causative agent of sheep babesiosis in Iran. | Babesiosis is a haemoparasitic disease with high economical losses in livestock industry worldwide. The early diagnosis and successful therapy of babesiosis belong to the key steps of control and health management of livestock. Ethanol-fixed blood samples of 400 sheep were analyzed for Babesia infection. Reverse line blot (RLB) was established specifically for Theileria lestoquardi, Theileria (China 1), Theileria (China 2), Theileria ovis, Theileria separata, Babesia ovis, Babesia motasi, Babesi ... | 2011 | 21975684 |
| a study on ovine tick-borne hemoprotozoan parasites (theileria and babesia) in the east black sea region of turkey. | in this study, the frequency of theileria and babesia species was assessed via reverse line blotting and blood smear-based diagnostic methods in small ruminants. a total of 201 apparently healthy animals from 26 randomly selected herds located in 4 locations (artvin, giresun, gumushane, and tokat) of east black sea region of turkey were investigated for the blood protozoans. in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr), the hypervariable v4 region of the 18s ribosomal rna gene was amplified with a set o ... | 2012 | 22231266 |
| assessment of exposure to piroplasms in sheep grazing in communal mountain pastures by using a multiplex dna bead-based suspension array. | piroplasms are tick-borne hemoprotozoans with a major impact on extensive management systems. detection of sub-clinical low-level carriers, which can act as source of infection for vector ticks, is key to protect livestock trade and facilitate preventive control programs. the purpose of this study was to develop a method for the detection of ovine piroplasms and to use it in a field study aimed at investigating piroplasms infection in semi-extensive production systems in the basque country (nort ... | 2013 | 24499621 |
| transovarial transmission of babesia ovis by rhipicephalus sanguineus and hyalomma marginatum. | rhipicephalus sanguineus and hyalomma marginatum are the most common species in sheep herds in northeast of iran. there is preliminary evidence that these species may be the vectors of babesia ovis in iran. we carried out two experiments in mashhad area, khorasan razavi province to determine whether b. ovis could be transovarially transmitted by r. sanguineus and h. marginatum. | 0 | 22347253 |
| prevalence of piroplasms in small ruminants in north-west tunisia and the first genetic characterisation of babesia ovis in africa. | in this study, the prevalence of piroplasms in sheep and goats was assessed with giemsa-stained blood smear examination, pcr and nested pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) to identify babesia and theileria species, respectively, in 338 small ruminants (172 sheep and 166 goats) from three sites in north-west tunisia during the 2011 summer season. the overall infection prevalence of piroplasms in giemsa-stained blood smears was 3.2% (11/338), with a parasitaemia ranging from 0.01 t ... | 2014 | 24849588 |
| determination of prevalence and risk factors of infection with babesia ovis in small ruminants from west azerbaijan province, iran by polymerase chain reaction. | small ruminants' babesiosis caused by babesia ovis, is transmitted during blood feeding by infected ticks and is the most economically important tick-borne disease in tropical and subtropical areas. this study was carried out to to estimate the infection rate of b. ovis in sheep and goats by pcr. we have analysed risk factors that might influence infection of sheep and goats with b. ovis. | 2015 | 26623436 |
| pcr-based detection of babesia ovis in rhipicephalus bursa and small ruminants. | this study aimed to assess the prevalence of babesia ovis infection in adult rhipicephalus bursa and small ruminants in west azerbaijan province, iran. blood samples were collected from 280 sheep and 122 goats of forty randomly selected flocks. specific b. ovis fragment was detected in 67 animals (16.7%), of which 52 animals (18.6%) were sheep and 15 animals (12.2%) goats (p < 0.05). of the 848 r. bursa collected from naturally infested small ruminants and farm dogs, babesia ovis was detected by ... | 2014 | 24876944 |
| molecular and biomorphometrical identification of ovine babesiosis in iran. | ovine babesiosis is the most important haemoparasitic tick-borne disease of small ruminants in iran caused by babesia ovis, b. motasi, and b. crassa. the aim of this study was to characterize the species of ovine babesia species isolated from different geographical region of iran. | 0 | 22347262 |
| molecular evidence of tick-borne hemoprotozoan-parasites (theileria ovis and babesia ovis) and bacteria in ticks and blood from small ruminants in northern algeria. | using qpcr, standard pcr and/or sequencing, we investigated the presence of tick-associated microorganisms in ticks and blood from sheep and goats from souk ahras, algeria. borrelia theileri, was detected in (7/120, 5.8%) blood from sheep and (13/120, 10.8%) goats. anaplasma ovis was screened in (38/73, 52%) rhipicephalus bursa and (5/22, 22.7%) r. turanicus and in (74/120, 61.7%), (65/120, 54.2%) blood of sheep and goats respectively. coxiella burnetii tested positive in r. bursa (4/73, 5.5%) a ... | 2017 | 28131376 |
| molecular detection and genetic characterization of babesia, theileria and anaplasma amongst apparently healthy sheep and goats in the central region of turkey. | babesia spp., theileria spp. and anaplasma spp. are significant tick-borne pathogens of livestock globally. in this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of babesia ovis, theileria ovis and anaplasma ovis in 343 small ruminants (249 sheep and 94 goats) from 13 towns in the central anatolia region of turkey using species-specific pcr assays. the pcr were conducted using the primers based on the b. ovis ssu rrna (bossurrna), t. ovis ssu rrna (tossurrna) and a. ovis major surface pro ... | 2017 | 27908771 |
| risks of suffering tick-borne diseases in sheep translocated to a tick infested area: a laboratory approach for the investigation of an outbreak. | this study was designed to investigate an outbreak of high mortality that occurred in naïve assaf sheep introduced into a latxa sheep flock in the basque country, a region where piroplasmosis is endemic. to identify the causes of this outbreak, a panel of different methods, including traditional pathological, biopathological and parasitological analyses combined with recently developed molecular methods, was used. these novel molecular methods included a multiplex real-time pcr assay to screen f ... | 2015 | 25257849 |
| coinfection of sheep with anaplasma, theileria and babesia species in the kurdistan region, iraq. | infections of small ruminants with anaplasma, theileria and babesia species are widely distributed in the old world and are of great economic impact. in iraq, data on disease occurrence in sheep caused by above-mentioned infectious agents are scarce. this study provides information on various haemoparasitic agents infecting sheep in the kurdistan region, iraq, using molecular diagnostic tools. altogether, 195 samples originating from three governorates in the kurdistan region, namely duhok, erbi ... | 2013 | 24589110 |
| a survey of ixodid tick species and molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens. | this study was undertaken in two different climatic areas of turkey to determine the presence of tick-borne pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. the ticks were removed from humans, pooled according to species and developmental stages, and analyzed by pcr, reverse line blot (rlb) and sequencing. of the 2333 removed ticks from 10 species, 1238 (53.06%) were obtained from the arid cold zone, and the remaining 1095 (46.93%) were obtained from the humid zone. the removed ticks were identif ... | 2014 | 24424312 |
| molecular identification of theileria and babesia in ticks collected from sheep and goats in the black sea region of turkey. | a molecular survey was undertaken in the black sea region of turkey to determine the presence of theileria and babesia species of medical and veterinary importance. the ticks were removed from sheep and goats, pooled according to species and locations, and analyzed by pcr-based reverse line blot (rlb) and sequencing. a total of 2241 ixodid ticks belonging to 5 genus and 12 species were collected and divided into 310 pools. infection rates were calculated as the maximum likelihood estimation (mle ... | 2015 | 25260692 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of babesia orientalis rhoptry-associated protein 1. | the rhoptry-associated protein 1 (rap-1) gene of babesia orientalis was obtained from a cdna expression library by immunoscreening with b. orientalis-infected water buffalo sera. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna was 1732 bp with an open reading frame (orf) of 1434 bp, encoding a polypeptide of 478 amino acid residues with a predicted size of 52.5 kda. the orf was cloned into a pgex-kg plasmid and subsequently expressed as a gst-fusion protein. the recombinant rap-1 of b. orientalis (rborap-1) ... | 2014 | 25199690 |
| molecular detection of theileria spp. and babesia spp. in sheep and ixodid ticks from the northeast of iran. | theilerioses and babesioses are important diseases in iranian sheep. the present study was undertaken to identify and classify/specify theileria spp. and babesia spp. in sheep and vector ticks. investigation was carried out from 2009 to 2011 in the khorasan razavi province, iran. in total, 302 sheep originating from 60 different flocks were clinically examined and their blood collected. in addition, from the same flocks, ixodid ticks were sampled. stained blood smears were microscopically examin ... | 2013 | 22924924 |
| molecular and parasitological survey of ovine piroplasmosis, including the first report of theileria annulata (apicomplexa: theileridae) in sheep and goats from turkey. | blood and tick samples were collected from 333 apparently healthy sheep and 257 goats as well as 10 sheep exhibiting clinical signs of babesiosis in adana, gaziantep, and adiyaman provinces in southern turkey. fully engorged female ticks were selected and maintained in an incubator until they oviposited. the tick carcasses and their egg masses were examined. piroplasms compatible with babesia spp. and theileria spp. were observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic small ruminants. genomic dna ... | 2017 | 28082649 |
| prevalence of <i>theileria</i> and <i>babesia</i> species in tunisian sheep. | in this study, the prevalence of theileria and babesia species in sheep was assessed with giemsastained blood smear examination and polymerase chain reaction to identify the different piroplasms in 270 sheep from three tunisian bioclimatic zones (north, centre, and south). the overall infection prevalence by babesia spp. and theileria spp. in giemsa-stained blood smears was 2.9% (8/270) and 4.8% (13/270) respectively. the molecular results showed that sheep were more often infected by theileria ... | 2016 | 27796112 |
| ticks threatening lineage of anatolian wild sheep (ovis gmelinii anatolica) and determination of their tick-borne pathogens. | we aimed to determine the ticks of the anatolian wild sheep and to define their tick-borne pathogens while molecularly studying their relationships with those of the domestic sheep. furthermore, another aim of this study is to investigate tick paralysis resulting in the death of the anatolian wild sheep. ticks and blood samples were collected from the wild sheep whilst tick samples were also collected from hares, guinea fowls, chickens, and a turkey living in the anatolian wild sheep breeding ar ... | 2016 | 27692336 |
| molecular and parasitological survey of ovine piroplasmosis, including the first report of theileria annulata (apicomplexa: theileridae) in sheep and goats from turkey. | blood and tick samples were collected from 333 apparently healthy sheep and 257 goats as well as 10 sheep exhibiting clinical signs of babesiosis in adana, gaziantep, and adiyaman provinces in southern turkey. fully engorged female ticks were selected and maintained in an incubator until they oviposited. the tick carcasses and their egg masses were examined. piroplasms compatible with babesia spp. and theileria spp. were observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic small ruminants. genomic dna ... | 2016 | 27559124 |
| prevalence of theileria and babesia species in tunisian sheep. | in this study, the prevalence of theileria and babesia species in sheep was assessed with giemsastained blood smear examination and polymerase chain reaction to identify the different piroplasms in 270 sheep from three tunisian bioclimatic zones (north, centre, and south). the overall infection prevalence by babesia spp. and theileria spp. in giemsa-stained blood smears was 2.9% (8/270) and 4.8% (13/270) respectively. the molecular results showed that sheep were more often infected by theileria ... | 2016 | 27247070 |
| quantitative analysis of babesia ovis infection in sheep and ticks. | a quantitative pcr, based on the gene encoding babesia ovis surface protein d (bospd) was developed and applied to investigate the presence of babesia ovis (b. ovis) in its principal vector, the tick rhipicephalus bursa (r. bursa), and in the ovine host. quantification of b. ovis in experimentally-infected lambs showed a sharp increase in parasitemia 10-11 days in blood-inoculated and adult tick-infested lambs, and 24 days in a larvae-infested lamb. a gradual decrease of parasitemia was observed ... | 2016 | 27084469 |
| molecular detection of theileria, babesia, and hepatozoon spp. in ixodid ticks from palestine. | ixodid ticks transmit various infectious agents that cause disease in humans and livestock worldwide. a cross-sectional survey on the presence of protozoan pathogens in ticks was carried out to assess the impact of tick-borne protozoa on domestic animals in palestine. ticks were collected from herds with sheep, goats and dogs in different geographic districts and their species were determined using morphological keys. the presence of piroplasms and hepatozoon spp. was determined by pcr amplifica ... | 2016 | 26969489 |
| characterization of a papain-like cysteine protease essential for the survival of babesia ovis merozoites. | babesia ovis, a tick-transmitted intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite, causes severe infections in small ruminants from southern europe, middle east, and northern africa. with the aim of finding potential targets for the development of control methods against this parasite, sequence analysis of its genome led to the identification of four putative cysteine proteases of the c1a family. orthology between b. ovis, b. bovis, t. annulata, and t. parva sequences showed that each b. ovis c1a peptidase ... | 2016 | 26456355 |
| a new immunoreactive recombinant protein designated as rbosa2 from babesia ovis: its molecular characterization, subcellular localization and antibody recognition by infected sheep. | ovine babesiosis, caused by the intra-erythrocytic protozoan parasite babesia ovis, is an infectious and economically important tick-borne disease of sheep. diagnostic testing is an essential tool used for the control of the disease. in order to identify and characterize the immunoreactive proteins which are useful in serological diagnosis of the disease, a complementary dna (cdna) expression library was constructed from b. ovis merozoite mrna. a cdna clone designated as bosa2 was identified by ... | 2015 | 26428018 |
| molecular detection of babesia ovis in sheep and ticks using the gene encoding b. ovis surface protein d (bospd). | the gene encoding babesia ovis surface protein d (bospd) was cloned from b. ovis cdna library. this gene encodes a polypeptide chain of 155 amino acids, including a predicted 22 amino acid signal peptide. sequence analysis of the bospd suggested that it is a surface protein with no known domains. blast analysis followed by multiple alignments showed four orthologs from other apicomplexan species and suggested that bospd is specific for b. ovis. bospd-based pcr was then developed to specifically ... | 2015 | 26391822 |