| effects of culture media on the in vitro susceptibility of selected opportunistic fungi to fluconazole and itraconazole. | the sensitivity of 23 isolates of opportunistic fungi, aspergillus fumigatus (5), a. flavus (5), a. niger (5), pseudallescheria boydii (5), alternaria alternata (2) and xylohypha bantiana (1), was investigated against fluconazole and itraconazole, using sabouraud's dextrose broth (sd) and a high-resolution (hr) medium (pfizer, inc.). the procedure followed was a standard tube dilution (1 ml/tube) method. candida albicans y01 09 was included as reference strain to monitor quality and reproducibil ... | 1992 | 1324830 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana, with a review of the literature. | a 76-year-old male with chief complaints of back and right leg sciatica was hospitalized. his abdominal ct scan revealed lumber spondylitic stenosis. a laminectomy was performed. postoperatively, he became febrile, aphasic and had grand mal seizure. a left craniotomy of the front abscess, seen in the ct scan, was performed. h and e stained smears of drainage revealed dematiaceous, septate hyphae. cultures of the abscess drainage grew an olivaceous-grey fungus. based on macro- and micro-morpholog ... | 1992 | 1397202 |
| [morphologic and physiologic characteristics of costa rica pathogenic fungi (dermatiaceae)]. | forty one strains of dematiaceous fungi from the mycology collection of the university of costa rica were studied. thirty three were pathogenic (fonsecaea pedrosoi, cladosporium carrionii, xylohypha bantiana, exophiala jeanselmei, rhinocladiella aquaspersa, phialophora verrucosa) and the other eight were contaminants (hormodendrum sp.). morphological studies were done using the slide culture technique. the physiological criteria used were: urease production, gelatin and loeffler media liquefacti ... | 1991 | 1844148 |
| cladosporium trichoides cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a liver transplant recipient. report of a case. | cerebral phaeohyphomycosis (also referred to as cerebral chromomycosis), one of the diseases caused by the dematiaceous (black) fungi, is most commonly caused by cladosporium trichoides (referred to by some as xylohypha bantiana) and is a rare disease, with 31 culture-proven cases reported to date. although most cases have occurred in immunocompetent hosts, recent experimental evidence suggests that host immunosuppression may predispose patients to the disease. the authors report a case of fatal ... | 1991 | 2014775 |
| pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to xylohypha bantiana. | we encountered a rare case of pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to xylohypha bantiana documented by culture. this dematiaceous (darkly pigmented) fungus is primarily neurotropic. it usually produces phaeohyphomycosis of the central nervous system but may also involve the skin and subcutaneous tissues. the patient, a 49-year-old woman with a history of steroid-treated inflammatory bowel disease, was found to have a lung nodule consisting of granulomas that contained dark hyphal fragments that stain ... | 1991 | 2039350 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana. | cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare fungal infection of man. there are approximately 53 published cases to date. xylohypha bantiana has been shown by histology or culture to be the aetiological agent in 28 of these cases. two cases of cerebral abscess caused by xylohypha bantiana are presented. one patient was alive eight months after surgery and antifungal drug therapy. his was the first recorded case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis treated with itraconazole. his course was complicated by adhesi ... | 1989 | 2513200 |
| infections due to xylohypha bantiana (cladosporium trichoides). | thirty culture-documented cases of infection caused by xylohypha bantiana (synonyms, cladosporium bantianum, cladosporium trichoides) were identified in the world literature; 26 cases involved the central nervous system (cns) and most frequently presented as chronic headache followed by fever and hemiparesis. phaeohyphomycosis due to x. bantiana occurs worldwide, predominantly in young males. pharmacologic immunosuppression was not an important predisposing factor. however, four patients had a h ... | 1989 | 2672237 |
| cladosporiosis (cerebral phaeohyphomycosis) of brain--a case report. | a case of cerebral cladosporiosis caused by cladosporium trichoides (bantianum) now known as xylohypha bantiana is described and illustrated. predisposing debilitating diseases were not detectable. the cladosporiosis diagnosis was based on visualisation of hyphal element in direct gram's stain, direct koh preparate of pus from brain abscess and on repeated successful cultivation of cladosporium trichoides from specimen and by histopathology. following surgery and anti-fungal chemotherapy the pat ... | 1989 | 2761609 |
| evaluation of the api 20c yeast identification system for the differentiation of some dematiaceous fungi. | ninety-seven isolates of cladosporium spp., exophiala spp., fonsecaea spp., lecythophora hoffmannii, phaeoannellomyces werneckii, phialophora spp., wangiella dermatitidis, and xylohypha bantiana were used to evaluate the api 20c yeast identification system for the differentiation of dematiaceous fungi. using the api 20c system, we were able to distinguish most species of phialophora and cladosporium and to separate l. hoffmannii from the species of phialophora tested; x. bantiana from c. carrion ... | 1989 | 2808678 |
| evaluation of proteolytic activity to differentiate some dematiaceous fungi. | a total of 123 isolates of cladosporium spp., exophiala spp., fonsecaea spp., lecythophora hoffmannii, phaeoannellomyces werneckii, phialophora spp., wangiella dermatitidis, and xylohypha bantiana were tested for proteolytic activity by using 26 different formulations of gelatin, milk, casein, and loeffler media. other physiological properties examined included hydrolysis of tyrosine and xanthine, sodium nitrate utilization in czapek dox agar, and thermotolerance. isolates of exophiala jeanselme ... | 1988 | 3343325 |
| comparative histopathology of dactylaria constricta, fonsecaea pedrosoi, wangiella dermatitidis, and xylohypha bantiana in experimental phaeohyphomycosis of the central nervous system. | | 1987 | 3614262 |
| experimental central nervous system phaeohyphomycosis following intranasal inoculation of xylohypha bantiana in cortisone-treated mice. | experimental central nervous system (cns) phaeohyphomycosis was established in cortisone-treated mice following intranasal exposure to conidia of xylohypha bantiana (cladosporium bantianum, c. trichoides). x. bantiana was recovered from the lungs of 78% of intranasally inoculated normal mice sacrificed within the first 3 days of infection and from 15% at day 28. the fungus was not recovered from the brains of normal mice. in contrast, x. bantiana was recovered from only 33% of the lungs of corti ... | 1987 | 3696193 |
| reclassification of cladosporium bantianum in the genus xylohypha. | it is proposed that the dematiaceous hyphomycete cladosporium bantianum (saccardo) borelli be transferred to the genus xylohypha (fries) mason as xylohypha bantiana (saccardo) mcginnis, padhye, borelli, et ajello. this new combination is necessary because x. bantiana produces conidiophores that are indistinguishable from its vegetative hyphae and one-celled, smooth-walled conidia that are borne in long, infrequently branched chains. the blastoconidia do not possess darkly pigmented hila. in cont ... | 1986 | 3711309 |
| systemic phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana in a dog. | an 8-year-old, maltese-cross bitch presented with chronic neck and back pain and an acute onset of circling, hyperaesthesia and constant crying. clinical examination revealed temporal muscle atrophy, an abnormal hanging reflex, cervical rigidity and severe hepatomegaly. ultrasonography of the liver showed several disseminated, poorly demarcated, hypoechoic areas which on fine needle aspirates, contained large numbers of pigmented fungal hyphae. cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed fungal hyp ... | 1994 | 7602573 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis complicated with brain abscess: a case report. | cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is used to describe the rare clinical syndrome of cerebral infection caused by dematiaceous (i.e. pigmented olivaceous-brown) fungi. it usually presents as brain abscess. in view of the rarity of this fungal infection and its clinical importance, we report a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana. the patient presented with a seizure attack. the mri study revealed a ring-enhancing lesion with marked perifocal edema in right high frontoparietal ... | 1995 | 7634190 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by xylohypha bantiana: mr findings. | | 1995 | 7717267 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis. | a 14-year-old girl with a rare form of fungal brain abscess involving the dura and brain parenchyma is reported. no portal of entry of the infection was found. histological findings and fungal culture both indicated that the causative agent was xylohypha bantiana, an uncommon dematiaceous fungus. a review of the literature suggests that this infection, which affects primarily young male patients, exhibits distinct neurotropism. despite therapy, the prognosis is generally poor. | 1993 | 8264889 |
| imaging in phaeohyphomycosis of the brain: case report. | a case of multiple, conglomerated brain abscesses due to xylohypha bantiana, with unique imaging features, is presented. this is the first culture-proven case of brain infection due to this fungus in the neuroimaging literature. | 1996 | 8692424 |
| leukogram and serum globulin values in two dogs with systemic xylohypha bantiana infection. | phaeohyphomycosis is a rare fungal disease of animals and man, generally thought to occur in compromised or debilitated hosts, although in man the majority of infections have occurred in otherwise healthy patients. to investigate the possible role of immune suppression in systemic phaeohyphomycosis, certain aspects of the immune system of 2 dogs with systemic xylohypha bantiana infection were investigated. white cell and differential cell counts, serum protein electrophoresis and serum immunoglo ... | 1996 | 8765070 |
| dematiaceous fungi are an increasing cause of human disease. | the dematiaceous fungi appear to be an increasing cause of human disease. at the methodist hospital, in houston, texas, five cases of serious disease caused by these fungi occurred between 1987 and 1992. cerebral abscesses with xylohypha bantiana followed treatment for lymphoma. an infection of the lower extremity with exophiala jeanselmei var. castellanii followed cardiac surgery. peritoneal growth of alternaria tenuissima was a complication of peritoneal dialysis. cerebral abscesses with dacty ... | 1996 | 8824969 |
| cutaneous infection due to cladophialophora bantiana in a patient receiving immunosuppressive therapy. | cladophialophora bantiana (xylohypha bantiana, cladosporium trichoides), a dematiaceous fungus, causes mainly infections of the central nervous system. systemic antifungal therapy is apparently unsuccessful. extracerebral involvement is uncommon and only few cases have been reported. we describe a 63-year-old patient, a kidney transplant recipient on prolonged prednisone and cyclosporin, who developed a large single lesion on the thigh from which cladophialophora bantiana was cultured. a 3-month ... | 1997 | 9115932 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis: report of a case from nigeria. | a fatal case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a 45-year-old nigerian woman is described. the main clinical features were loss of vision, constant severe headache and the presence of a tumorous mass in the brain as detected on operation. histology revealed granulomatous tissue reaction with fungal elements suggestive of xylohypha bantiana. | 1998 | 9916471 |
| dematiaceous fungal pathogens: analysis of ribosomal dna gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of ribosomal gene small subunit (ssu rdna) and internal transcribed spacer (its) regions was examined in 12 isolates of dematiaceous agents of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. the amplicon length of the fragment its1-its4, comprising the 5.8 rdna and its1-its2 spacers, ranged in size from 620 to 690 bp. this result indicated a polymorphism of size in this region. additionally the rflp profiles showed a high degree of inter- and intra-spe ... | 1999 | 10680436 |
| brain abscess due to xylohypha bantiana. | a case of brain abscess due to xylohypha bantiana without any obvious predisposing factors and with the uncommon clinical feature of seizures is presented. | 2000 | 11200391 |
| cerebral phaeohyphomycosis due to a novel species: report of a case and review of the literature. | cerebral phaeohyphomycosis is a rare disease caused by dematiaceous (darkly pigmented) fungi. cladophialophora species are highly neurotropic, and cladophialophora bantiana (synonym=xylohypha bantiana or c. trichoides) is the most commonly identified agent. most reported cases of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis have occurred in immunocompetent patients; however, some case reports and experimental data have suggested that cellular immune deficiency is a risk factor. we report a case of pulmonary and c ... | 2001 | 11397975 |
| the use of liposomal amphotericin b in the management of xylohypha bantiana mycosis in a dog. | xylohypha bantiana is a rare neurotropic fungal infection reported in humans, dogs and cats. in dogs it has only been identified on post mortem examination and thus no successful treatments have previously been reported. amphotericin b is a potent antifungal drug with a low therapeutic index because of its nephrotoxicity. liposomal encapsulation of the drug has resulted in much safer use in humans. this article reports a case of xylohypha bantiana infection in a dog that was diagnosed antemortal ... | 2002 | 12240776 |
| brain abscess caused by cladophialophora (xylohypha) bantiana in a renal transplant patient. | infectious disease is the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in allotransplantation because of heavy immunosuppression. brain abscesses caused by melanized fungi have been found occasionally and are an example of this complication. in this paper, we describe a case in a 61-year-old black man, who received a cadaveric kidney transplantation in december 1993, followed by triple therapy with cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisone. the patient developed right hemiparesis at the be ... | 2003 | 12974792 |
| successful treatment of xylohypha bantiana brain abscess mimicking invasive cerebral aspergillosis in a liver transplant recipient. | invasive aspergillosis is a highly lethal disease in immunocompromised hosts especially with central nervous system involvement. in a review of 2380 liver transplants performed over 14 years, 13 out of 15 fungal brain abscesses were due to aspergillus species and only one patient survived [arch surg, 132 (1997) 304]. dematiaceous fungi while less readily recognised, often have a more favorable outcome [transplantation, 63 (1997) 160]. we report a xylophypha bantiana cerebral abscess in a liver t ... | 2003 | 14556762 |
| intracranial necrotizing granuloma caused by cladophialophora bantiana. | the dematiaceous fungi are a group of pigmented hyphal yeasts best known as agents of chronic skin and subcutaneous infections. extracutaneous disease is exceptional. we report herewith a case of necrotizing granuloma caused by one member of the group, cladophialophora bantiana. this organism is fully capable of invading the nervous system of apparently immunocompetent hosts and in many cases does so in the absence of demonstrable foci of extraneural infection. it has also been reported to be th ... | 2005 | 16230805 |
| brain abscess due to cladophialophora bantiana. | cladophialophora bantiana (xylohypha bantiana) is a dematiaceous fungus with distinct neurotropism. cns phaeohyphomycosis due to c. bantiana is an uncommon infectious condition and is associated with high mortality. we report this rare clinical entity in a 22-year-old male, presenting as brain abscess. etiological diagnosis was made based on fungal culture and histopathological examination. complete surgical resection of the lesion and treatment with antifungal agents could not save the patient ... | 2004 | 17642733 |
| xylohypha bantiana multiple brain abscesses in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | xylohypha bantiana is a rare cause of cerebral fungal infection (phaeohyphomycosis). we report on a 72-year-old man who, while taking several immunosuppressive medications for systemic lupus erythematosus, presented with multiple bilateral cerebral abscesses caused by x bantiana. the lesions were not surgically amenable and the patient died two months after discontinuing antifungal therapy. | 2003 | 18159434 |