| purification and properties of an exo-cellulase component of novel type from trichoderma miride. | an enzyme extract from cellulase-onozuka, a commercial product of trichoderma viride, was fractionated by amberlite cg-50 column chromatography into three cellulase ec 3.2.1.4 groups, peaks i to iii. a noval enzyme, which has both beta-glucosidase ec 3.2.1.21 and exo-carboxymethyl-cellulase (exo-cmcase) properties was obtained from peak iii by extensive purification throuh consecutive column chromatography. the enzyme was homogeneous on ultracentrifugation, sds-gel and cellulose acetate film ele ... | 1975 | 5409 |
| beta-glucosidase of trichoderma: its biosynthesis and role in saccharification of cellulose. | the extracellular beta-glucosidase of trichoderma viride generally is present in low levels when the organism is cultured on cellulose because it is inactivated under the acid conditions which develop in the medium while the other enzymes of the cellulase complex are more stable. with the appropriate ph control, inactivation of beta-glucosidase is prevented and the activity of this enzyme increases during growth. in the saccharification of crystalline cellulose, or of cellulose at low concentrat ... | 1976 | 5951 |
| enzymatic studies on a cellulase system of trichoderma viride. iii. transglycosylation properties of two cellulase components of random type. | two highly purified cellulases ec 3.2.1.4, ii-a, and ii-b, were obtained from the cellulase system of trichoderma viride. both cellulases split cellopentaose retaining the beta-configuration of the anomeric carbon atoms in the hydrolysis products at both ph 3.5 and 5.0. the km values of cellulases ii-a and ii-b for cellotetraose were different, but their vmax values were similar and those for cellooligosaccharides increased in parallel with chain length. both cellulases produced predominantly ce ... | 1975 | 6437 |
| factors influencing the production of cellulases by sporotrichum thermophile. | cellulase production and growth of a strain of sporotrichum thermophile were studied by using a mineral salts medium supplemented with yeast extract and insoluble cellulose. the effects of cultural conditions, such as ph, nitrogen source, substrate concentration, and temperature, were examined. maximum production of c1 and cx cellulases occurred at 45 c in 2 to 4 days, in the presence of 1% solka/floc as substrate, when nano3 or urea used as sources of nitrogen. under these conditions, celluloly ... | 1976 | 7194 |
| partial proteolysis of some cellulase components from trichoderma viride and the substrate specificity of the modified products. | an endo-cellulase component ec 3.2.1.4 or random type, f ii, was obtained from "cellulase onozuka," a commercial product from trichoderma viride, and was subjected to partial proteolysiats with a protease preparation of the same fungal origin. the resulting modified cellulase was fractioned by two steps of column chromatography, and the resulting patterns, together with the substrate specificity expressed in terms of the randomness of cmc hydrolysis and the immunological properties against anti- ... | 1976 | 8436 |
| antifungal properties of alpha,omega-alkanedicarboxylic acids and their dimethyl esters. | thirteen alpha, omega-alkanedicarboxylic acids (c2-c12, c14, and c16) and their dimethyl esters were tested against aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, and myrothecium verrucaria in sabourauc dextrose agar at ph 4.0 and 5.6. toxicity to canadida albicans, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and mucor mucedo was determined in the same medium at ph 5.6 and 7.0 in the absence and presence of 10% beef serum. the dicarboxylic acids possessed very poor to no antifungal activity against all six fungi. the ... | 1976 | 9194 |
| starch degradation by the mould trichoderma viride. i. the mechanism of starch degradation. | the mechanism of starch degradation by the fungus trichoderma viride was studied in strain cbs 354.44, which utilizes glucose, starch and dextrins but is unable to assimilate maltose. it was shown that the amylolytic enzyme system is completely extracellular, equally well induced by starch, amylose or amylopectin and that it consists mainly of enzymes of the glucoamylase type which yield glucose as the main product of starch hydrolysis. small amounts of alpha-amylase are produced also. the enzym ... | 1976 | 10832 |
| enzymatic studies on a cellulase system of trichoderma viride. iv. purification and properties of a less-random type cellulase. | a cellulase ec 3.2.1.4 component was purified from a crude cellulase preparation of trichoderma viride (meicelase) by consecutive column chromatography procedures, and was designated as cellulase iii. the enzyme was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. the molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 45,000 by gel filtration. the optimum ph and temperature of the enzyme were ph 4.5-5.0 and 50 degrees, respectively. the enzyme was stable over the range of ph 4.5-7.5 ... | 1976 | 12153 |
| kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose and p-nitrophenyl-beta-d-glucoside by cellobiase of trichoderma viride. | cellobiase has been isolated from the crude cellulase mixture of enzymes of trichoderma viride using column chromatographic and ion-exchange methods. the steady-state kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellobiose have been investigated as a function of cellobiose and glucose concentrations, ph of the solution, temperature, and dielectric constant, using isopropanol-buffer mixtures. the results show that (i) there is a marked activation of the reaction by initial glucose concentrations of 4 x 10(-3) m ... | 1977 | 13917 |
| fungal growth on c1 compounds: quantitative aspects of growth of a methanol-utilizing strain of trichoderma lignorum in batch culture. | a study was made of some salient parameters that influence growth of the methanol-utilizing fungus trichoderma lignorum growing in batch culture on a minimal medium containing methanol as the sole source of carbon. maximum cell yield was recorded at the expense of 1.58 g of methanol per liter. inhibition was observed with methanol concentrations in excess of 4.7 g/liter. the optimum temperature for fungal growth was 23 degrees c. growth of the fungus was directly proportional to an inorganic nit ... | 1977 | 17365 |
| effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and ph. | fungi (rhizopus stolonifer, trichoderma viride, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of aspergillus and penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of cd. in soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or ... | 1977 | 18085 |
| growth kinetics and cellulase biosynthesis in the continuous culture of trichoderma viride. | continuous culture studies have been carried out growing trichoderma viride qm 9123 in a 10 liter stirred fermentor on a medium containing commercial glucose as the carbon source. experiments were carried out at 30 degrees c and at three controlled ph values of 2.5, 3.0, and 4.0 over a range of dilution rates from 0.01 to 0.11 hr-1. steady-state values of cell, glucose, and cellulase concentration oxygen tension, and outlet gas oxygen partial pressure were recorded. values of maximum specific gr ... | 1977 | 18233 |
| constitutive synthesis of cellulase by trichoderma lignorum. | the induction of cellulase synthesis by lactose was studied in the resting cells of trichoderma lignorum om 534. the effect depended on the concentration of lactose, ph, and the age of the mycelium. the induction of the enzyme synthesis by lactose is supressed by glucose and its metabolites. the repression by glucose is partly eliminated by cyk 3'-5'-amp, theophylline, and coffeine. the induction of cellulase by lactose is regarded as a derepression of the synthesis of this enzyme as a result of ... | 1977 | 19684 |
| the effect of acid ph on the growth kinetics of trichoderma viride. | batch cultures of trichoderma viride have been carried out in a 10 liter stirred fermenter a controlled ph values of 2.5, 2.7, 3.0, and 4.0 and without ph control at a temperature of 28 degrees c. cell and glucose concentrations and dissolved oxygen values are reported. the yield coefficient was found to be constant at 0.40 kg cells/kg glucose and the maximum specific growth rate was linearly correlated with the hydrogen ion concentration. | 1975 | 21713 |
| proteolytic activity of trichoderma viride in mixed culture with sclerotium rolfsii in soil. | cultures of sclerotium rolfsii and trichoderma viride together in autoclaved soil were assayed at intervals during 8 days of incubation for proteolytic activity (pa) of t. viride. significant proteolytic activity was detected only in soil containing t. viride (i.e., t. viride alone or s. rolfsii + t. viride); greatest activity occurred between 3 and 4 days after infestation and declined rapidly thereafter. maximal pa in the mixed-culture soil was accompanied by an increase in soil ph. optimal ph ... | 1978 | 25130 |
| antifungal properties of 2-alkynoic acids and their methyl esters. | thirteen 2-alkynoic acids and their methyl esters (c3--c12, c14, c16, and c18) were tested against aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, and myrothecium verrucaria in sabouraud dextrose agar at ph 4.0 and 5.6. toxicity to candida albicans, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and mucro mucedo was determined in the same medium at ph 5.6 and 7.0 in the absence and presence of 10% beef serum. the fungitoxicity of the acids was influenced by chain length, ph of the medium, and absence or presence of adsorb ... | 1978 | 26458 |
| cellulase and beta-glucosidase production by a basidiomycete species. | the optimisation of cellulase and beta-glucosidase production by a basidiomycete species was studied and cellulase and cellobiase production by this and trichoderma viride (and its mutants) in shake flasks were compared. the former produced an active cellulase comparable to that of t. viride when tested on filter paper, carboxymethylcellulose, and cotton; however, it produced 20 to 26 times larger amounts of cellobiase. both cellulase and beta-glucosidase were obtained in good yield only when ce ... | 1978 | 31975 |
| properties of cellulase from trichoderma viride. | cellulase produced by trichoderma viride acted on carboxymethyl cellulose with a km of 4.9 g substrate per litre, showing a ph optimum at 4.5 and a temperature optimum at 55 degrees c. ag+, hg2+, zn2+, cu2+ and n3- were inhibitory.. | 1979 | 38194 |
| suppression of photo-induced sporulation in trichoderma viride by inhibitors. | the mycelium of trichoderma viride grown in the dark under submerged conditions and transferred to membrane filters sporulated only after photoinduction. the optimum photoinduction of sporulation was reached when applying daylight for 3 min and near ultraviolet radiation (355 nm) for 10 to 30 sec. after the photoinduction probounced synthesis of dna, rna and protein was observed. the photoinduced sporulation was partially or fully inhibited in the presence of phenethyl alcohol, actinomycin d, 5- ... | 1976 | 61923 |
| interaction of membrane modifying peptide antibiotics from trichoderma viride with leukocytes. | | 1979 | 88224 |
| mutarotation of hydrolysis products by different types of exo-cellulases from trichoderma viride. | mutarotation of products from p-nitrophenyl beta-d-cellobioside and cellopentaitol by two different types of exo-cellulases from trichoderma viride was investigated. it was found that an exo-cellulase of glucosidase type produced from the former substrate d-glucose which was mutarotated in a downward direction, while another exo-cellulase of avicelase type produced from the latter substrate cellobiose which was mutarotated in an upward direction. | 1978 | 97279 |
| inhibition of photo-induced trichoderma viride conidiation by inhibitors of rna synthesis. | the photo-induced conidiation of trichoderma viride is suppressed by ethidium bromide, acriflavin, lomofungin and 8-quinolinol at concentrations which do not inhibit the colony growth of this deuteromycete. | 1978 | 105976 |
| affinity chromatography of endoglucanase of trichoderma viride by concanavalin a-agarose. | endoglucanase (c kappa cellulase) and cellobiase are often cross-contaminated in separation procedures by ion-exchange chromatography such as deae-cellulose. by using concanavalian a (con a)-agarose chromatography, c kappa cellulase and cellobiase from trichoderma virde can be separated. c kappa cellulase showed affinity toward con a. indicating a glycoprotein containing alpha-d-mannopyransyl and alpha-d-glucopyranosyl end groups or internal 2-o-d-mannopyranosyl residues in sugar moieties. this ... | 1979 | 106904 |
| secretion of cellulase and beta-glucosidase by trichoderma viride itcc-1433 in submerged culture on different substrates. | trichoderma viride itcc-1433 produces high yields of cellulase and especially beta-glucosidase when grown in submerged culture on different carbon sources. cellulase synthesis was strongly repressed in the presence of glucose and only a low constitutive activity of beta-glucosidase and carboxymethylcellulase, but no avicelase, could be demonstrated when culturing t. viride on glucose. with carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) as a substrate the secretion of enzyme as well as growth depended on the degre ... | 1979 | 110377 |
| [action mechanism of respiratory inhibition by systemic fungicides of the carboxin group. action of oxathiin derevatives and analogs on nonphosphorylating submitochondrial particles from ox heart as well as trametes versicolor and trichoderma viride]. | | 1977 | 201109 |
| enzymatic studies on a cellulase system of trichoderma viride. ii. purification and properties of two cellulases. | two cellulase [ec 3.2.1.4] components derived from meicelase, a commercial crude cellulase preparation from trichoderma viride, were purified by consecutive column chromatography, and were designated as cellulase ii-a and cellulase ii-b. cellulases ii-a and ii-b were each homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the molecular weights of cellulases ii-a and ii-b were 30,000 and 43,000, respectively, on the basis of sephadex g-100 gel filtration. both enzymes contained 12-14% carbohydrat ... | 1975 | 237002 |
| inhibition of growth of aspergillus flavus and trichoderma viride by peanut embryos. | growth of aspergillus flavus and trichoderma viride on agar media was inhibited around embryos of green peanut seeds but not around embryos of cured seeds, intact peanut seeds, or testae. both fungi were able to colonize intact seeds and testae. substances inhibitory to a. flavus and t. viride were extracted with acetone from cotyledons of freshly harvested peanut seeds. four compounds inhibitory to a. flavus were detected in crude acetone extracts. three of the compounds demonstrated properties ... | 1975 | 239349 |
| amino acid analogs iv:4-fluoroisoleucine. | 4-fluoroisoleucine was produced by ammonolysis of 2-bromo-4-fluoro-3-methylpentanoic acid, which resulted from the bromofluorination of 4-methyl-2-pentenoic acid. it did not inhibit plasmodium berghei in mice at 640 mg/kg and was not toxic to the animals. the fluoroamino acid inhibited aspergillus niger, trichoderma viride, myrothecium verrucaria, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and mucor mucedo in czapek solution agar at a concentration between 10(4) and 10(3) microgram/ml. growth of escherichia ... | 1978 | 347050 |
| comparison of four purified extracellular 1,4-beta-d-glucan cellobiohydrolase enzymes from trichoderma viride. | four electrophoretically distinct 1,4-beta-d-glucan cellobiohydrolase enzymes (exo-cellobiohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.91) from trichoderma viride have been purified to homogeneity. three enzymes (a, b, and c) were from a commercial t. viride preparation whereas the other (d) was from t. viride qm 9123 grown on cellulose in submerged culture. the enzymes were similar with respect to ultraviolet light absorption, amino acid and amino sugar composition, heat stability, molecular weight, specific activity, ... | 1977 | 405048 |
| taxonomic significance of yeast sphaeroplast release after enzymatic treatment of intact cells. | treatment of whole yeast cells with a mixture of a reducing agent and 1,3-beta-glucanase isolated from basidiomycete qm806 led to the production of sphaeroplasts from ascomycetes, from some fungi imperfecti, but not from basidiomycetes. association of 1,3-beta-glucanase with a second enzyme, 1,4-alpha-glucanase, from trichoderma viride, was required for sphaeroplast release from some, but not all, basidiomycetes and fungi imperfecti. the ability of yeast cells to liberate sphaeroplasts following ... | 1979 | 501331 |
| degradation of lignocellulosic material and humus formation by fungi. | cellulase activity and degradation of cellulose and lignin in wheat straw and formation of humus during degradation by aspergillus sp., chaetomium globosum, fusarium solani, paecilomyces varioti, penicillium chrysogenum and trichoderma viride qm9414 were studied. c. globosum, f. solani, p. varioti and p. chrysogenum produced little or no cellulase when grown on cellulose powder. however, all produced cellulase (filter paper degrading activity) when grown on wheat straw. all the cultures degraded ... | 1979 | 507620 |
| decrease in nitrate reductase activity in extracts of trichoderma viride incubated with chlorides. | reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent nitrate reductase activity in crude extracts of trichoderma virde was significantly inhibited by physiological concentrations of ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride, but not by ammonium or sodium sulfate. the chloride inhibition of nitrate reductase activity increased in a linear manner with chloride concentration. | 1977 | 557476 |
| location and formation of cellulases in trichoderma viride. | | 1977 | 558183 |
| cellobiase from trichoderma viride: purification, properties, kinetics, and mechanism. | three distinct cellobiase components were isolated from a commercial trichoderma viride cellulase preparation by repeated chromatography on deae cellulose eluting by a salt gradient. the purified cellobiase preparations were evaluated for physical properties, kinetics, and mechanism. results from this work include: 1) development of one step enzyme purification procedure using deae-cellulose; 2) isolation of three chromatographically distinct, yet kinetically similar, cellobiase fractions of mol ... | 1977 | 560223 |
| kinetics of the hydrolysis of cellulose by beta-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase of trichoderma viride. | the cellulolytic enzyme beta-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolase (cbh) has been isolated from the crude mixture of cellulase enzymes of trichoderma viride by gel filtration and ion-exchange methods, and some aspects of its kinetic behaviour have been examined. studies of the initial rates of the cbh-catalyzed production of cellobiose from fibrous alpha-cellulose show that (i) the dissociation constant for cellobiose competitive product inhibition of the reaction is ki = (1.13 +/- 0.37) x 10(-3) m, (ii) ... | 1977 | 560243 |
| practical identifiability of growth and substrate consumption models. | the estimation of parameters in several dynamic models, which describe growth and substrate consumption, has been carried out using a modified gauss-newton-type method. the four models considered are monod, contois, linear specific growth rate, and an enzyme kinetic model. the initial values of the differential equations are included in the parameter vector which will be estimated. the efficiency of the method and the confidence limits of the parameters were studied using simulated measurement n ... | 1977 | 563249 |
| production of extracellular enzymes in mutants isolated from trichoderma viride unable to hydrolyze cellulose. | mutant strains not producing cellulases were induced and isolated from the cellulolytic fungus trichoderma viride. enrichment of mutants was carried out with the aid of nystatin selection. mutants were shown to lack the ability to hydrolyze both soluble and crystalline cellulose. mannanase and xylanase activities were also absent, indicating a common regulation for all these enzymes in t. viride. in some strains aryl-beta-glucosidase activity was also missing. mutants grew normally, but the amou ... | 1978 | 564161 |
| enzymic activities of endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanases purified from trichoderma viride. | endoglucanases ii, iii and iv (ec 3.2.1.4) from trichoderma viride are highly active in degrading cm-cellulose or phosphoric acid swollen cellulose, and only slightly active on avicel. the specific activities of the endoglucanases increase with the length of the cellooligosaccharide substrates. by rate and product analyses using high pressure liquid chromatography the mode of action of endoglucanase iii was differentiated from that of endoglucanases ii and iv. endoglucanase iii has a low affinit ... | 1978 | 564711 |
| characterization of endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanases purified from trichoderma viride. | four electrophoretically distinct endo-1,4-beta-d-glucanases (ec 3.2.1.4) from trichoderma viride have been identified and named as isozymes, endoglucanases i, ii, iii and iv, according to their electrophoretic mobilities on polyacrylamide gels. endoglucanases ii, iii and iv, the homogeneity of each of which was established by discontinuous gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation, had specific activities on cm-cellulose of 1010, 60 and 250 specific fluidity units/mg protein, respectively. th ... | 1978 | 564712 |
| purification and characterization of a low molecular weight 1,4-beta-glucan glucanohydrolase from the cellulolytic fungus trichoderma viride qm 9414. | a low molecular weight 1,4-beta-glucan glucanohydrolase (endoglucanase) (1,4-(1,3;1,4)-beta-d-glucan 4-glucanohydrolase, ec 3.2.1.4) has been isolated from culture filtrates of the fungus trichoderma viride qm 9414 by a two-step procedure of gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. the isolated enzyme appeared homogeneous upon polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 2.9, isoelectric focusing in a polyacrylamide gel slab, sedimentation equilibrium analysis and chromatography of the reduce ... | 1978 | 566566 |
| alamethicin biosynthesis: acetylation of the amino terminus and attachment of phenylalaninol. | alamethicin synthetase was extracted from the fungus trichoderma viride at the end of its exponential growth phase. it is multienzyme complex with a molecular weight of approx. 480 000. the biosynthesis of alamethicin is initiated on the synthetase by acetylation of thiolester-bound aminoisobutyric acid, which remains enzyme bound. acetyl-coa serves as the acetate donor. of the alamethicin constituents, glycine, alanine and valine are also acetylated when incubated alone. this acetylation is pre ... | 1978 | 568941 |
| regulation of periodicity and intensity of photo-induced conidiation of trichoderma viride. | after a short irradiation at 366 nm with 200 lx, the intensity of conidiation of trichoderma viride colonies grown in the dark increased for the first 10 s proportionally with time. the increase slowed down after 10 s-5 min of exposure and after 10-60 min of irradiation the conidiation intensity began to decrease. when photo-induced by daylight, the conidiation started at a high rate after 25 h and persisted even after 48 h. the conidiation had no circadian character and its periodicity depended ... | 1978 | 570539 |
| effect of volatile substances from origanum majorana and ocimum basilicum on spore respiration and germination of some soil fungi. | oxygen uptake by the spores of fusarium moniliforme, f. oxysporum, f. semitectum, f. solani, mucor racemosus and trichoderma viride was increased in the presence of volatile substances extracted from origanum majorana and ocimum basilicum. this increase was greater in the presence of volatile substances from o. basilicum than o. majorana, except in the case of f. semitectum where the reverse was true. a drop in the rq of all the germinating spores was observed in the presence of these substances ... | 1978 | 570540 |
| a 1,4-beta-glucan glucanohydrolase from the cellulolytic fungus trichoderma viride qm 9414. purification, characterization and preparation of an immunoadsorbent for the enzyme. | a 1,4-beta-glucan glucanohydrolase (ec 3.2.1.4) was isolated from culture filtrates of the fungus trichoderma viride qm 9414 by molecular-sieve chromatography on bio-gel p-30, ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephadex a-50 and isoelectric focusing in a density gradient. polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis at two different ph values, analytical isoelectric focusing in a polyacrylamide-gel slab and molecular-sieve chromatography of the reduced and alkylated enzyme in a denaturing medium indicate ... | 1979 | 573117 |
| preparation and properties of pectic enzymes produced by trichoderma lignorum. | polygalacturonase and protein-methylesterase were isolated from shaken culture of trichoderma lignorium. isolation was carried out with various agents. methanol was the most suitable precipitant for isolating polygalacturonase, yielding enzyme preparations 6.6 times more active than that of culture filtrate. likewise, tannin afforded active fractions at ph 4 and 0.05% concentrations. similarly, 50% ammonium sulphate saturation gave active fractions. the least polygalacturonase activity was obtai ... | 1979 | 573944 |
| fungal antigens as a source of sensitization and respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers. | mycological and serological studies were carried out as part of a survey of respiratory disease in scottish maltworkers. 70% of stained sputum smears from 574 workers showed the presence of higher plant cells and/or myclelia, and the spores of common environmental fungi. penicillium spp. (90%), rhizopus stolonifer (48%) and yeasts (53%) were the dominant fungi in 699 sputum cultures, and showed a similar proportional distribution in 327 samples of grain, malt, culms and dusts from fifty-six malt ... | 1977 | 589785 |
| studies on growth inhibition by lectins of penicillia and aspergilli. | it has previously been shown in our laboratory that wheat germ agglutinin (wga) binds to trichoderma viride and inhibits growth of this fungus. here we report on the effect of wga, soybean agglutinin (sba) and peanut agglutinin (pna) on penicillia and aspergilli. binding of the lectins to the fungi was examined with the aid of their fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) conjugated derivatives. fitc-wga bound to young hyphal walls of all species, in particular to the hyphal tips and septa, in agreeme ... | 1978 | 637658 |
| the influence of water-logging stage upon the paddy soil mycoflora in the ukraine. | the soil fungal flora of paddy soils from the southern districts of the ukraine was investigated. from 287 soil samples 170 species were isolated. they belonged to the following genera: oomycetes 1.2%, zygomycetes 8.8%, ascomycetes 5.8%, deuteromycetes 84.2%. certain fungi were found to be dominant forms, among them mortierella alpina peyron., penicillium funiculosum thom, p. rugulosum thom, p. chrysogenum thom, acremonium strictum w. gams, acr. breve w. gams, alternaria alternata (fr.) riessler ... | 1978 | 726714 |
| toxicity of zinc to fungi, bacteria, and coliphages: influence of chloride ions. | a 10 mm concentration of zn2+ decreased the survival of escherichia coli; enhanced the survival of bacillus cereus; did not significantly affect the survival of pseudomonas aeruginosa, norcardia corallina, and t1, t7, p1, and phi80 coliphages; completely inhibited mycelial growth of rhizoctonia solani; and reduced mycelial growth of fusarium solani, cunninghamella echinulata, aspergillus niger, and trichoderma viride. the toxicity of zinc to the fungi, bacteria, and coliphages was unaffected, le ... | 1978 | 736544 |
| amino acid analogs. iii: new syntheses of monomethyl- and monophenylglutamic acids. | glutamic acid analogs containing 3- and 4-methyl and 2-, 3-, and 4-phenyl substituents were prepared. the 3- and 4-methyl- and 3- and 4-phenylglutamic acids did not inhibit plasmodium berghei and were nontoxic to the host (mice) at 640 mg/kg. the five analogs in addition to 2-methlglutamic acid were inactive against lactobacillus casei at 1000 mug/ml in a defined medium: against escherichia coli, only 2-methylglutamic acid caused 27% inhibition at 10,000 mug/ml. all six analogs failed to inhibit ... | 1975 | 811786 |
| [action of various beta(1-3)-d-glucanases on the wall of yeasts: taxonomic applications]. | purified beta-(1-3)-d-glucanases (from aspergillus nidulans, badidiomycetes sp. qm 806, trichoderma viride) are used to release protoplasts from various yeasts. two of them may prove taxonomic correlation. the enzyme of basidomycetes sp. releases protoplasts from ascomycetes, the enzyme of t. viride releases protoplasts from ascomycetes and heterobasidiomycetes; none of them acts on the basidiomycetes. | 1976 | 826331 |
| computation of the fraction of induced cells in enzyme induction systems. | a theoretical model is developed for continuous multistage enzymed production systems, which consist of a growth fermentor used for growing microorganisms rapidly without enzyme production and a subsequent system of induction reactors in which enzyme induction and production occurs. the model allows the computation of the fraction of induced cells residing in the induction reactors for organisms exhibiting a lag phase in enzyme induction. for this model a general analytical solution was obtained ... | 1977 | 851591 |
| scp production by chaetomium cellulolyticum, a new thermotolerant cellulolytic fungus. | chaetomium cellulolyticum, a newly isolated cellulolytic fungus, showed 50-100% faster growth rates and over 80% more final biomass-protein formation than trichoderma viride, a well-known high cellulase-producing cellulolytic organism, when cultivated on solka-floc (a purified, predominantly amorphorous form of cellulose) or partially delignified sawdust (consisting of a mixture of hardwoods) as the sole-carbon source in the fermentation media. however, in both cases, t, viride produced much hig ... | 1977 | 856325 |
| protoplast fusion of schizosaccharomyces pombe auxotrophic mutants of identical mating-type. | protoplasts of methionine- and lysine-requiring h- mutants isolated from the l972 h- strain of schizosaccharomyces pombe were fused. the protoplasts were obtained from the cells with enzymes produced by trichoderma viride. when a mixture of the protoplasts was treated with 30% peg 4000 solution containing 10 mm cacl2, cell fusion and complementation was attained with a frequency of 0.17%. both fusion partners were recovered among the spores after crossing of the fusion products with the strain ... | 1977 | 865481 |
| microbiological assay for saponin in alfalfa products. | a bioassay is described for determining medicagenin-type saponin in dried alfalfa, leaf protein concentrates, and alfalfa sprouts. samples are extracted by refluxing 2 1/2 hr with 50% ethanol, ethanol is evaporated, and aliquots of an aqueous solution are added to potato dextrose agar (pda) and assayed for saponin by using the fungus trichoderma viride. the growth of the fungus on pda is compared with a standard saponin, and saponin levels are calculated by means of a slope ratio analysis. | 1977 | 893316 |
| the mechanism of enzymatic cellulose degradation. purification and some properties of two different 1,4beta-glucan glucanohydrolases from trichoderma viride. | 1. a low-molecular-weight and a high-molecular-weight 1,4beta-glucan glucanohydrolase (cx enzyme) have been isolated from a commercial cellulase preparation derived from culture filtrates of the fungus trichoderma viride. 2. the purification method for the isolation of the low-molecular-weight enzyme is a three-step procedure including chromatography on bio-gel p-10, chromatography on a dipolar adsorbent (arginine-sepharose 6 b) and isoelectric focusing. 3. the starting material for the isolatio ... | 1976 | 942917 |
| some chemical and structural features of the conidial wall of trichoderma viride. | cell wall of spores of trichoderma viride contains polymers similar to those of mycelial cell wall, such as beta-(1 leads to 3), beta-(1 leads to 6) glucans and protein, but chitin, always present in the mycelium, cannot be found in spores. melanin, which in other fungi appears associated with chitin, replaces this polymer in the spore wall of t. viride and is located in the outermost layer. attempts to characterize the pigment of the spore wall indicate that it is a non-indolic melanin-like pol ... | 1976 | 944079 |
| poly(a)-associated rna from the mitochondrial fraction of the fungus trichoderma. | total rna was extracted from purified mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions of germinating conidia of trichoderma viride and bound to oligo(dt)-cellulose at 22 and 4 degrees c. under chromatographic conditions which retained very short poly(a) segments (i.e., 4 degrees c), up to 10% of short-term 32po4-lebeled rna from the mitochondrial fraction were selectively bound. the poly(a)-associated rnas from the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions showed the following characteristics. (a) on poly ... | 1976 | 944128 |
| effects of polyoxin d on germination, morphological development and biosynthesis of the cell wall of trichoderma viride. | when polyoxin d is added to a spore suspension of trichoderma viride at a concentration from 50-100 mug/ml, it inhibits from 40-60% of germination. this percentage increases if dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) is added. mycelium growing in the presence of polyoxin d becomes irregular and loses its rigidity, showing several bulges along the hypha. under the electron microscope the features of the cell wall and cytoplasmic content are apparently normal. nevertheless, after incubation with different lytic ... | 1976 | 945049 |
| organic amendments and control of foot rot of piper betle caused by phytophthora parasitica var. piperina. | experiments have been performed to control foot rot of piper betle by organic amendments and antagonists in soil. soil amended with corn straw gave best control. corn straw supplemented with nitrogen (nh4no3) gave still better control. the effect of different antagonists growing on corn-straw and til (sesamum indicum) oil cake amendments showed that trichoderma viride gave best control. aspergillus terreus failed to control the disease although it showed great antifungal activity under controlle ... | 1976 | 952442 |
| degradation of [14c]photodieldrin by trichoderma viride as affected by other insecticides. | various soil fungi were tested for their capacity to degrade the insecticide [14c]photodieldrin. of nine species investigated, trichoderma viride was the only one which degraded the insecticide to an appreciable extent into water-soluble, non-insecticidal compounds within 4-5 weeks. these products amounted to 32-41% of the radiocarbon applied to the culture media. the degradation was a function of live mycelia, which metabolized the insecticide and excreted water-soluble compounds into the cultu ... | 1976 | 987840 |
| [biogenesis of cellulolytic enzymes by trichoderma ligorum on media with "inductor"]. | identical distribution of c2- and cx-cellulase activities of enzyme complexes produced by trichoderma lignorum on a medium with lactose, a soluble "inductor", and on a medium with cellulose was found by means of disc elestrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. the maximum rate of synthesis of cellulases on the medium with lactose was registered during the highest deceleration, and even complete cessation, of the fungal growth. during this phase, only one electrophoretically homogeneous cellulase comp ... | 1976 | 988467 |
| structural characterization of a glycoprotein cellulase, 1,4-beta-d-glucan cellobiohydrolase c from trichoderma viride. | a glycoprotein enzyme, 1,4-beta-d-glucan cellobiohycrolase (ec 3.2.1.91) form c, was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by a procedure which permitted isolation of gram quantities from a commercial trichoderma viride culture filtrate preparation. purified cellobiohydrolase c has an e1%/280 nm = 14.2 and degrades both microcrystalline and phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose to cellobiose. the cellobiohydrolase c contains 26.4, 4.8, 2.4 and 3.4 mol of mannose, glucose, galactose and glucosamine ... | 1976 | 1032996 |
| feasibility of sugar production from agricultural and urban cellulosic wastes with trichoderma viride cellulase. | | 1976 | 1033774 |
| the ultrastructure of the fungus trichoderma viride and investigation of its growth on cellulose. | | 1976 | 1035213 |
| [pulmonary mycoma cause by trichoderma viride]. | | 1976 | 1053244 |
| [hyperparasitism of trichoderma viride (fungi hyphomycetes) on phytopathogenic and saprophytic fungi]. | | 1976 | 1071223 |
| starch degradation by the mould trichoderma viride. ii. regulation of enzyme synthesis. | the synthesis of amylolytic enzymes by the maltose not-utilizing trichoderma viride strain cbs 354.44 requires the presence of starch or dextrins. several readily utilizable carbon sources such as glucose and glutamic acid were shown to exert a strong catabolite repression which completely inhibited enzyme induction by starch or dextrins. enzyme synthesis occurs in the exponential and in the stationary growth phase. in the latter, the ratio between saccharifying and dextrinizing enzyme activity ... | 1976 | 1086639 |
| the isolation of protoplasts of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces by trichoderma viride and snail enzymes. | the formation of protoplasts of the fission yeasts schizosaccharomyces pombe and schizosaccharomyces versatilis after the combined application of snail enzymes and trichoderma viride enzymes in an osmotic stabilizer (0.4m kcl, ph 5.5) was studied by light and electron microscopy. the effect of the enzymes used leads during 30 min to the formation of 100% protoplast population. using electron microscopy no original walls or wall remnants were detected in the suspension of protoplasts. protoplasts ... | 1975 | 1100491 |
| cellulase and protein production from mixed cultures of trichoderma viride and a yeast. | fermentations with mixed cultures of the cellulolytic fungus trichoderma viride and the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae or candida utilis were examined. the fermentations were carried out in an aerated 5 liter fermentor with naoh treated barley straw as the cellulose source (2-4%). yeast was inoculated 24-32 hr after the fungus and the growth of the two organisms was followed through the production of co2 and cell protein. in comparison with fermentations with t. viride alone, the production time ... | 1975 | 1101979 |
| characterization of polyadenylate from the fungus trichoderma viride. | polyribonucleotide segments, about 60 nucleotides long and consisting of about 95% adenylic acid residues, were isolated from whole cell ribonucleic acid of the deuteromyceteous fungus trichoderma viride. similar findings in two other groups of the true fungi raise the possibility that short polyadenylate sequences may be a feature of these relatively simple organisms. | 1975 | 1171092 |
| [chemical study of "penicillium" and "trichoderma" pigments (author's transl)]. | the green pigments from the fungi of the genera trichoderma and penicillium were partially extracted with formic acid. after two acid and one alkaline hydrolysis, the pigments of trichoderma viride and trichoderma koningii were sufficiently purified to undertake the chemical studies. the elemental and functional analyses, the u. v. and visible spectra and the chromatographic observations showed that these pigments are polyphenolic in nature. gel filtration on sephadex g50 suggested, on the one h ... | 1975 | 1171649 |
| protoplasts of trichoderma viride: formation and regeneration. | high yields of protoplasts from the 18-hr old mycelium of trichoderma viride were obtained by using the lytic system, produced by streptomyces venezuelae ra and micromonospora chalcea grown on a synthetic medium containing laminarin and chitin, when 0.7 m mgso4 or (nh4)2so4 were used as osmotic stabilizers. regeneration of these protoplasts occurred through the production of an abortive tube and direct germination of the protoplasts. regeneration could also take place in the medium used to produ ... | 1975 | 1171669 |
| [derepression of cellulase synthesis in trichoderma lignorum during limitation of consumption of readily available carbon sources]. | the synthesis of cx-cellulase was de-repressed in trichoderma lignorum growing on various easily metabolized carbon sources when their assimilation was limited. a reverse correlation has been established between the growth rate and the rate of the enzyme synthesis in the fungus. | 1975 | 1172175 |
| the effect of volatile and gaseous metabolites of swelling seeds on germination of fungal spores. | effects of volatile and gaseous metabolites of swelling seeds of pea, bean, wheat, corn cucumber, tomato, lentil, carrot, red papper and lettuce on germination of spores of five genera of fungi were found to depend rather on the fungal than on the plant genus. germination of spores of botrytis cinerea, mucor racemosus and trichoderma viride was most severely inhibited. spores of verticillium dahliae were less sensitive and germination of spores of fusarium oxysporum was inhibited only in two cas ... | 1975 | 1176038 |
| kinetic studies on insoluble cellulose-cellulase system. | enzymatic hydrolysis of insoluble amorphous cellulose by trichoderma viride cellulase was investigated in a batch reactor at several substrate concentrations and three enzyme levels. the reactions were carried out at 50 degrees c and ph 4.8. enzyme was rapidly adsorbed onto solids on contact, then gradually returned to the liquid phase as the reaction proceeded. a kinetic model that considered the fast adsorption which was followed by the slow reaction, and subsequent product inhibition was deve ... | 1975 | 1182273 |
| fungal cellulase and hemicellulase prediction of forage digestibility. | an enzymatic procedure using trichoderma viride carbohydrases, a fungal hemicellulase, and pepsin was developed to provide a laboratory method for predicting forage digestibility. the amount of forage dry matter solubilized by enzymes and incubation buffer was less than that in vivo or by in vitro fermentation by rumen microorganisms. total forage dry matter solubilized by the enzymatic procedure was correlated (.92) with in vitro digestibility. simple correlation coefficients between in vivo tr ... | 1975 | 1184808 |
| chemical and structural differences in mycelial and regeneration walls of trichoderma viride. | when incubated in winge medium, protoplasts from trichoderma viride obtained by treatment with micromonospora chalcea or streptomyces venezuelae ra lytic systems first synthesized an aberrant wall, different from the normal one; it was aseptate, larger and irregular in size and length. they then regenerated a new wall, similar to the original one from which they were liberated. analysis showed that the wall polymers were mainly beta-(1-3) glucan, beta-(1-6) glucan and chitin in the normal walls, ... | 1975 | 1190957 |
| effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds. | volatile compounds evolved from germinating seeds of slash pine, bean, cabbage, corn, cucumber, and pea were evaluated for their ability to support growth of microorganisms in liquid mineral salts media lacking a carbon source. growth of eight bacteria was measured turbidimetrically and of six fungi as dry weight of mycelium. volatiles caused increased growth of pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus cereus, erwinia carotovora, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a. radiobacter, rhizobium japonicum, mucor muc ... | 1975 | 1201509 |
| distributional patterns of mesophilous and thermophilous microfungi in two bahamian soils. | this study focuses on the characteristics displayed by mesophilous and thermophilous microfungal populations occurring in two tropical monodominant plant communities, a cocos nucifera grove and a casuarina equisetifolia forest, that provide distinctly different edaphic conditions. the mesophilous population sampled at 25 degrees c by the dilution plate method and the thermophilous population that developed on soil plates incubated at 45 degrees c consisted of 1693 isolates representing 60 specie ... | 1975 | 1214847 |
| fungal growth on c1 compounds: a study of the amino acid composition of a methanol-utilizing strain of trichoderma lignorum. | the amino acid composition of the c1-utilizing fungus trichoderma lignorum, growing at the expense of methanol as the sole source of carbon, was determined. with the exception of an insufficient content of methionine, the essential amino acid composition of this novel protein source appears adequate in terms of the food and agricultural organization reference protein for both direct and indirect use in the human diet as a food or animal feed, respectively. | 1975 | 1237266 |
| sugar production from agricultural woody wastes by saccharification with trichoderma viride cellulase. | the saccharification of agricultural woody wastes was studied using a commercial enzyme preparation, cellulase onozuka, derived from trichoderma viride or the solid culture extracts of the fungus. with the intention of producing sugar at low cost, a simple procedure of enzymatic saccharification of rice straw, bagasse, and sawdust was studied. delignifying methods of these wastes were investigated using dilute sodium hydroxide solution and dilute peracetic acid. rice straw and bagasse were effec ... | 1975 | 1238127 |
| fibrous material in feedlot waste fermented by trichoderma viride. | trichoderma viride qm9123 fermented fiber isolated from feedlot waste at concentrations up to 16.7% solids. the fermented fiber solids decreased by 32%, and carbohydrate decreased by 60%. cellulotyic enzyme production was better with fiber substrates that had been alkali pretreated and had a lower hemicellulose-to-cellulose ratio. | 1975 | 1239235 |
| [comparative study of a group of mutant strains of trichoderma viride, producer of cellulolytic enzymes]. | in the course of selection of trichoderma viride, the producer of cellulolytic enzymes, the group of mutant strains characterized by a higher level of productivity are isolate. it is shown that the isolated mutants possess a number of common but differing them from original strains characters. these include: the small size of colonies ("dwarfs"), a lower capacity to carry out some biochemical reactions, and increased development rate and a higher resistance to lethal effect of nitrosoguanidine a ... | 1975 | 1240816 |
| non-ribosomal biosynthesis of the cyclic octadecapeptide alamethicin. | the biosynthesis of the cyclic octadecapeptide, alamethicin, in a cell-free system of trichoderma viride has been investigated. it was shown that nucleic acid- and ribo-some-free extracts of trichoderma viride could catalyze alamethicin biosynthesis. puromycin, erythromycin and rnase did not inhibit this synthesis. the sephadex g 200 filtrate contains a fraction (kav=0.1) that catalyzes the biosynthesis of alamethicin and shows an atp-32ppi exchange with 6 of the 8 constituent amino acids of ala ... | 1975 | 1241650 |
| structural and membrane modifying properties of suzukacillin, a peptide antibiotic related to alamethicin. part a. sequence and conformation. | the primary structure and conformation of the polypeptide antibiotic suzukacillin a are investigated. suzukacillin a is isolated from the trichoderma viride strain 1037 and exhibits membrane modifying and lysing properties similar to those of alamethicin. a combined gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis of the trifluoroacetylated peptide methyl esters of partial hydrolysates revealed a tentative sequence of 23 residues including 10 2-methylalanines and one phenylalaninol, which shows m ... | 1976 | 1260057 |
| structural and membrane modifying porperties of suzukacillin, a peptide antibiotic related to alamethicin. part b. pore formation in black lipid films. | suzukacillin, a polypeptide consisting of presumably 23 amino acids and 1 phenylalaninol, is produced by a trichoderma viride strain no. 1037 and it can be isolated from the culture medium. it shows membrane-modifying properties similar to those of alamethicin. discrete condustance fluctuations indicate the formation of oligomer pores of varying diameter. on the basis of voltage jump relaxation experiments evidence is given that the dimer is the nucleation state from which pore formation starts ... | 1976 | 1260058 |
| hyphal walls of isolated lichen fungi: autoradiographic localization of precursor incorporation and binding of fluorescein-conjugated lectins. | the hyphal walls of three mycobionts, isolated from the lichens xanthoria parietina, tornabenia intricata and sarcogyne sp. were investigated by two techniques: microautoradiography of fungal colonies exposed to radioactive carbohydrate precursors: and binding, in vivo, of fluorescein conjugated lectins to hyphal walls of such colonies. n-[3h] acetylglucosamine was readily incorporated into tips, young hyphal walls and septa of the three mycobionts and the free-living fungus trichoderma viride, ... | 1976 | 1275648 |
| direction of hyphal growth: a relevant parameter in the development of filamentous fungi. | macroscopic and microscopic measurements of the growth of trichoderma viride and rhizopus oligosporus were compared at different values of water activity of the solid medium. the relationship between radial extension rate and hyphal growth rate was found to be dependent on water activity. the observed difference between these two parameters was explained by the distribution of apical directions. the validity of the radial extension rate as a growth criterion could be discussed. the angular distr ... | 1992 | 1298030 |
| trichoderma viride infection in a liver transplant recipient. | a liver transplant recipient developed infection of a perihepatic haematoma due to trichoderma viride. before the infection was diagnosed, the patient received intense immuno-suppressive and prolonged antibacterial and anti-fungal therapies. although the death of the patient was not directly related to the fungal infection, abundant quantities of this pathogen were recovered in the haematoma at post-mortem examination, despite previous surgical removal and treatment with amphotericin b and fluco ... | 1992 | 1302802 |
| [a comparative study of the physico-chemical properties of lysine oxidase from trichoderma sp. and trichoderma viride y 244-2]. | some physicochemical properties of l-lysine oxidase from two strains of trichoderma were studied. content of metals and cofactors (se, zn, cu, fe, co, mn, mo), amino acid analysis, secondary structure were estimated. the enzyme molecule from trichoderma sp was found to contain both fad and pqq cofactors. | 1992 | 1329350 |
| fungal 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. | two representatives of each of different fungal taxonomic classes were tested for constitutive 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (hsdh) activity and the results were positive in all cases. the enzyme was found to be regioselective for c17 of the steroid ring and 20 beta-hsdh activity was only detected in trichoderma viride. in most cases the oxidative pathway is favoured over the reductive pathway. the possible role of this enzyme in fungi is discussed. | 1992 | 1334892 |
| anthraquinone pigments production by brown mutant trichoderma viride m-108 under various nutrition conditions. | in this work the influence of 12 carbon and 9 nitrogen sources on pigment production of brown mutant trichoderma viride m-108 was tested. there were two concentrations of nutrient sources used and the tests were carried out in three light regimes. the pigmentation was good only on media containing sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, sucrose, starch and glycerol and there was no pigment production on media with adenine, ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate. in mixtures of pigments, individual comp ... | 1992 | 1343937 |
| reversion of uv light morphological and colour mutants of trichoderma viride. | by using uv light 13 years ago from trichoderma viride 8-7 pers. ex s. f. gray 82 colour and morphological mutants were prepared. the reversion of these mutants was high and in 1985 only 26 stable mutants (i.e. 32%) could be used for genetic studies. in 1991, from these 26 mutants we had only 6 stable types (i.e. 7.3% from the original state). these mutants were permanently transferred on fresh czda medium every 3-4 months and checked for morphology, growth, conidiation, heterokaryons and diploi ... | 1992 | 1343938 |
| efficient production of taka-amylase a by trichoderma viride. | an efficient heterologous protein production system was developed in trichoderma viride, a very efficient cellulase producer. an expression vector containing the taka-amylase a gene from aspergillus oryzae, which was fused to the strong promoter and signal peptide sequence of the cellobiohydrolase 1 gene (cbh1) of t. viride, and the hygromycin b resistance gene was used to transform protoplasts of t. viride. using hygromycin b resistance, a frequency of 3 transformants per microgram dna on avera ... | 1991 | 1368719 |
| transformation of n epsilon-cbz-l-lysine to cbz-l-oxylysine using l-amino acid oxidase from providencia alcalifaciens and l-2-hydroxy-isocaproate dehydrogenase from lactobacillus confusus. | biotransformations were developed to oxidize n epsilon-carbobenzoxy(cbz)-l-lysine and to reduce the product keto acid to l-cbz-oxylysine. lysyl oxidase (l-lysine: o2 oxidoreductase, ec 1.4.3.14) from trichoderma viride was relatively specific for l-lysine and had very low activity with n epsilon-substituted derivatives. l-amino acid oxidase (l-amino acid: o2 oxidoreductase [deaminating], ec 1.4.3.2) from crotalus adamanteus venom had low activity with l-lysine but high activity with n epsilon-fo ... | 1992 | 1368913 |
| an avicel-affinity site in an avicel-digesting exocellulase from a trichoderma viride mutant. | a single form of exo-type cellulase (exo i; mw, 65,000), purified from a trichoderma viride protease-depressed mutant, hk-75, digested avicel to cellobiose exowise, and hydrolyzed cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose in the strict manner of splitting off by cellobiose units. exo i, however, hydrolyzed cellohexaose by both cellobiose and cellotriose units. exo i was proteolyzed by papain into two fragments; gpexo (mw, 9,000) and exo i' (mw, 56,000). the gpexo intensively adsorbed onto av ... | 1992 | 1369052 |
| light-activated adenyl cyclase from trichoderma viride. | the effect of light on adenyl cyclase (e.c. 4.6.1.1) and 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase (e.c. 3.1.4.17) activity of trichoderma viride was investigated. adenyl cyclase proved to be a membrane-associated enzyme, requiring mn2+ and was activated by light. in contrast, 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase showed no light-stimulated activity. the activity of 3':5'-cyclic-amp-phosphodiesterase was present mainly in the cytosol and was stimulated by mg2+. | 1992 | 1379960 |
| apple-fruit xyloglucans: a comparative study of enzyme digests of whole cell walls and of alkali-extracted xyloglucans. | apple cell walls or alkali-extracted xyloglucans were digested with an endo-glucanase from trichoderma viride and the resulting oligosaccharides were isolated by chromatography on bio-gel p-4. three main oligosaccharides were present in similar proportions, and their structures were shown to be [xyl(glc)]3-glc, [xyl(glc)]2-(fucgalxyl)glc-glc, and xylglc-(galxyp)glc-(fucgalxyl)glc-glc. each non-reducing-end glc was 6-linked, each reducing-end glc was 4-substituted, and each other glc was 4,6-disu ... | 1992 | 1423361 |
| a biological assay for the detection of myrothecium spp. produced macrocyclic trichothecenes. | a rapid, inexpensive bioassay to detect myrothecium spp.-produced macrocyclic trichothecenes was developed. media containing myrothecium isolates were inoculated with chlorella vulgaris, ustilago maydis and trichoderma viride. based on width of the inhibition zone, isolates could be classified as highly toxigenic, non-toxigenic and intermediate. whereas, c. vulgaris and u. maydis showed significant differences in their response to toxigenic and non-toxigenic isolates, t. viride did not. producti ... | 1992 | 1435958 |