| phylogeny and systematics of 18 colletotrichum species based on ribosomal dna spacer sequences. | the potential use of the ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences in understanding the phylogeny and systematics of colletotrichum species has been evaluated. sequence data from a limited number of isolates revealed that in colletotrichum species the its 1 region (50.3% variable sites) shows a greater degree of intra- and inter-specific divergence than its 2 (12.4% variable sites). nucleotide sequences of the its 1 region from 93 isolates representing 18 colletotrichum species w ... | 1996 | 8674999 |
| influence of he-ne laser irradiation of soybean seeds on seed mycoflora, growth, nodulation, and resistance to fusarium solani. | laser irradiation of soybean seeds for 3 min caused a clear reduction in the number of seed-borne fungi which became more pronounced as the irradiation time was extended. pretreatment of the seeds with methylene blue, methyl red and carmine enhanced the effect of laser. rhizoctonia solani, alternaria tenuissima, cercospora kikuchii and colletotrichum truncatum were completely eliminated when the seeds were pretreated with a dye and irradiated for 10 min. seed germination was stimulated on exposu ... | 1999 | 10983234 |
| genetics of resistance to anthracnose and identification of aflp and rapd markers linked to the resistance gene in pi 320937 germplasm of lentil (lens culinaris medikus). | anthracnose, caused by colletotrichum truncatum, is a major disease problem and production constraint of lentil in north america. the research was conducted to examine the resistance to anthracnose in pi 320937 lentil and to identify molecular markers linked to the resistance gene in a recombinant inbred line (ril) population developed from a cross of eston lentil, the susceptible parent, and pi 320937, the resistant parent. a total of 147 f(5:6) rils were evaluated for resistance to anthracnose ... | 2003 | 12589542 |
| production of colletotrichum truncatum for use as a mycoherbicide: effects of culture, drying and storage on recovery and efficacy. | colletotrichum truncatum (schwein.) andrus and moore nrrl 13737 (= nrrl 18434) is a fungal plant pathogen which shows promise as a bioherbicide against the troublesome weed sesbania exaltata (raf.) rydb. ex a. w. hill. previous studies showed similar amounts of spores were produced/ml of medium in liquid and solid-state fermentations. in this study, colletotrichum truncatum spores were produced in liquid (lc), solid/vermiculite (sv), and solid/perlite-cornmeal-agar (sp). after drying at room tem ... | 1993 | 14545677 |
| antifungal chalcones and new caffeic acid esters from zuccagnia punctata acting against soybean infecting fungi. | the crude methanolic extract of zuccagnia punctata was active toward the fungal pathogens of soybean phomopsis longicolla and colletotrichum truncatum. assay guided fractionation led to the isolation of two chalcones, one flavanone and a new caffeoyl ester derivative as the compounds responsible for the antifungal activity. another new caffeoyl ester derivative was isolated from the antifungal chloroform extract but proved to be inactive against the soybean infecting fungi up to 50 microg/ml | 2004 | 15161186 |
| carbon concentration and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio influence submerged-culture conidiation by the potential bioherbicide colletotrichum truncatum nrrl 13737. | we assessed the influence of various carbon concentrations and carbon-to-nitrogen (c:n) ratios on colletotrichum truncatum nrrl 13737 conidium formation in submerged cultures grown in a basal salts medium containing various amounts of glucose and casamino acids. under the nutritional conditions tested, the highest conidium concentrations were produced in media with carbon concentrations of 4.0 to 15.3 g/liter. high carbon concentrations (20.4 to 40.8 g/liter) inhibited sporulation and enhanced t ... | 1990 | 16348348 |
| carbon concentration and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio influence submerged-culture conidiation by the potential bioherbicide colletotrichum truncatum nrrl 13737. | [this corrects the article on p. 3435 in vol. 56.]. | 1991 | 16348558 |
| pyrrolnitrin production by biological control agent pseudomonas cepacia b37w in culture and in colonized wounds of potatoes. | bacterial strain b37w (= nrrl b-14858), an isolate noteworthy because it inhibits the growth of the bioherbicide fungus colletotrichum truncatum, was selected for further studies of bacterial antifungal properties. this isolate was identified as a pseudomonas cepacia strain by performing carbohydrate utilization and fatty acid profile analyses, as well as other biochemical and physiological tests. petri plate assays revealed that strain b37w exhibited antifungal activity against the potato dry r ... | 1994 | 16349289 |
| glomerella truncata sp. nov., the teleomorph of colletotrichum truncatum. | anthracnose of lentil, caused by colletotrichum truncatum is a serious threat to lentil (lens culinaris) grown in western canada. the teleomorph stage of this pathogen was induced to form under laboratory conditions. random pairing of single conidium isolates enabled the identification of fertile isolates. the individual isolates of this fertile pair were crossed with 14 other isolates, and all isolates were also incubated alone. self-sterility was observed for all 16 isolates tested. three isol ... | 2006 | 16895753 |
| brassica juncea chitinase bjchi1 inhibits growth of fungal phytopathogens and agglutinates gram-negative bacteria. | brassica juncea bjchi1 is a plant chitinase with two chitin-binding domains. its expression, induced in response to wounding, methyl jasmonate treatment, aspergillus niger infection, and caterpillar pieris rapae feeding, suggests that it plays a role in defence. in this study, to investigate the potential of using bjchi1 in agriculture, pichia-expressed bjchi1 and its deletion derivatives that lack one or both chitin-binding domains were tested against phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. transpl ... | 2008 | 18669819 |
| scanning electron microscopy applied to seed-borne fungi examination. | the aim of this study was to test the standard scanning electron microscopy (sem) as a potential alternative to study seed-borne fungi in seeds, by two different conditions of blotter test and water restriction treatment. in the blotter test, seeds were subjected to conditions that enabled pathogen growth and expression, whereas the water restriction method consisted in preventing seed germination during the incubation period, resulting in the artificial inoculation of fungi. in the first condit ... | 2009 | 19204924 |
| a brassica juncea chitinase with two-chitin binding domains show anti-microbial properties against phytopathogens and gram-negative bacteria. | in our recent paper in the journal of experimental botany, we demonstrated that brassica juncea bjchi1 shows anti-fungal properties against phytopathogens, colletotrichum truncatum, c. acutatum, botrytis cinerea and ascochyta rabiei. furthermore, bjchi1 which is an unusual plant chitinase with two (almost identical) chitin-binding domains, agglutinates gram-negative bacteria, adversely affecting their growth. in contrast, bjchi1 derivatives lacking one or both domains do not show agglutination a ... | 2008 | 19704507 |
| pectinolytic enzyme production by colletotrichum truncatum, causal agent of soybean anthracnose. | colletotrichum truncatum is the most common pathogenic fungus associated with soybean anthracnose, a prevalent disease in argentina. pectinolytic enzymes are involved in the pathogenicity of a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi. | 2010 | 20627133 |
| colletotrichum truncatum: an unusual pathogen causing mycotic keratitis and endophthalmitis. | in recent years, the well-known plant pathogens of the colletotrichum genus were increasingly reported to cause ophthalmic infections in humans. among 66 species in the colletotrichum genus, only a few are known to be pathogenic for humans. we report here five cases of ophthalmic infections due to colletotrichum truncatum, a species never reported earlier to cause human infection. the isolates were identified by morphological characteristics and the sequencing of internal spacer regions of ribos ... | 2011 | 21653772 |
| est mining identifies proteins putatively secreted by the anthracnose pathogen colletotrichum truncatum. | abstract: | 2011 | 21699715 |
| overexpression of a novel biotrophy-specific colletotrichum truncatum effector, ctnudix, in hemibiotrophic fungal phytopathogens causes incompatibility with their host plants. | the hemibiotrophic fungus colletotrichum truncatum causes anthracnose disease on lentils and a few other grain legumes. it shows initial symptomless intracellular growth, where colonized host cells remain viable (biotrophy), and then switches to necrotrophic growth, killing the colonized host plant tissues. here, we report a novel effector gene, ctnudix, from c. truncatum that is exclusively expressed during the late biotrophic phase (before the switch to necrotrophy) and elicits a hypersensitiv ... | 2013 | 22962277 |
| Cataloging proteins putatively secreted during the biotrophy-necrotrophy transition of the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum. | Hemibiotrophic phytopathogenic fungi cause devastating diseases in agronomically important crops. These fungal pathogens exploit a stealth bi-phasic infection strategy to colonize host plants. Their morphological and nutritional transition from biotrophy (characterized by voluminous intracellular primary hyphae) to necrotrophy (characterized by thin secondary hyphae) known as the biotrophy-necrotrophy switch (hemibiotrophy) is critical in symptom and disease development. To establish successful ... | 2011 | 21897125 |
| genetic relatedness of brazilian colletotrichum truncatum isolates assessed by vegetative compatibility groups and rapd analysis. | the genetic variation among nine soybean-originating isolates of colletotrichum truncatum from different brazilian states was studied. nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants were obtained with potassium chlorate and used to characterize vegetative compatibility reactions, heterokaryosis and rapd profile. based on pairings of nit mutants from the different isolates, five vegetative complementation groups (vcg) were identified, and barriers to the formation of heterokaryons were observed among isolat ... | 2010 | 21157632 |
| identification of lentil germ plasm resistant to colletotrichum truncatum and characterization of two pathogen races. | abstract a total of 1,771 lentil accessions from the u.s. lentil collection (u.s. department of agriculture-agricultural research service, pullman, wa) and the institut für pflanzengenetik und kulturpflanzenforschung (gatersleben, germany) were screened for resistance to colletotrichum truncatum, the cause of anthracnose. about 95% of the accessions were susceptible when inoculated with a single isolate in the field. retesting, under controlled conditions, of accessions rated as resistant or mod ... | 2004 | 18943971 |
| the composition and attributes of colletotrichum truncatum spores are altered by the nutritional environment. | previous sporulation studies with colletotrichum truncatum nrrl 13737, a fungal pathogen of the noxious weed sesbania exaltata, showed that the carbon-to-nitrogen (cn) ratio of the conidiation medium influenced spore yield, morphology, and efficacy in inciting disease in s. exaltata. spores produced in a medium with a cn ratio of 10:1 were more effective than were spores produced in a 30:1 or 80:1 ratio in causing disease in s. exaltata. with a basal salts medium supplemented with glucose and ca ... | 1992 | 16348737 |
| genetic differentiation and recombination among geographic populations of the fungal pathogen colletotrichum truncatum from chili peppers in china. | colletotrichum truncatum is an extremely important fungal pathogen. it can cause diseases both in humans and in over 460 plant species. however, little is known about its genetic diversity within and among populations. one of the major plant hosts of c. truncatum is pepper, and china is one of the main pepper-producing countries in the world. here, we propose the hypotheses that geography has a major influence on the relationships among populations of c. truncatum in china and that infections in ... | 2015 | 25667606 |
| colletotrichum truncatum species complex: treatment considerations and review of the literature for an unusual pathogen causing fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis. | we present a case of colletotrichum truncatum species complex fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis in an 87-year-old immunocompetent male in whom oral triazole antifungals were contraindicated. the patient had recently returned from 4 months in jamaica with a one month history of progressively increasing pain and inflammation in his left eye. corneal samples grew a filamentous fungus and internal transcribed spacer sequencing polymerase chain reaction confirmed the presence of c. truncatum speci ... | 2015 | 26137437 |
| subcutaneous colletotrichum truncatum infection in a child. | human infection with colletotrichum species is typically limited to ophthalmologic manifestations. we present the first reported pediatric case of subcutaneous colletotrichum truncatum infection. this case highlights the potential importance of c. truncatum as an agent of subcutaneous or disseminated disease in immunocompromised children. | 2016 | 26673980 |
| utility of internally transcribed spacer region of rdna (its) and β-tubulin gene sequences to infer genetic diversity and migration patterns of colletotrichum truncatum infecting capsicum spp. | anthracnose is among the most economically important diseases affecting pepper (capsicum spp.) production in the tropics and subtropics. of the three species of colletotrichum implicated as causal agents of pepper anthracnose, c. truncatum is considered to be the most destructive in agro-ecosystems worldwide. however, the genetic variation and the migration potential of c. truncatum infecting pepper are not known. five populations were selected for study and a two-locus (internally transcribed s ... | 2016 | 26843942 |
| identification of diverse mycoviruses through metatranscriptomics characterization of the viromes of five major fungal plant pathogens. | mycoviruses can have a marked effect on natural fungal communities and influence plant health and productivity. however, a comprehensive picture of mycoviral diversity is still lacking. to characterize the viromes of five widely dispersed plant-pathogenic fungi, colletotrichum truncatum, macrophomina phaseolina, diaporthe longicolla, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a high-throughput sequencing-based metatranscriptomic approach was used to detect viral sequences. total rna and d ... | 2016 | 27194764 |
| elucidation of biocontrol mechanisms of trichoderma harzianum against different plant fungal pathogens: universal yet host specific response. | in the present study, different transcripts of trichoderma harzianum thhp-3 were evaluated for their response against four fungal pathogens fusarium oxysporum, colletotrichum capsici, colletotrichum truncatum and gloesercospora sorghi using rt-qpcr. the time course study of t. harzianum transcripts related to signal transduction, lytic enzymes, secondary metabolites and various transporters revealed variation in expression against four fungal pathogens. in a broader term, the transcripts were up ... | 2017 | 27856319 |
| phylogeny and variability of colletotrichum truncatum associated with soybean anthracnose in brazil. | fungal diseases are among the main factors limiting high yields of soybean crop. colletotrichum isolates from soybean plants with anthracnose symptoms were studied from different regions and time periods in brazil using molecular, morphological and pathogenic analyses. | 2017 | 27859958 |
| non-traumatic keratitis due to colletotrichum truncatum. | the fungal genus colletotrichum is an uncommon cause of human infections. it has been implicated in cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis, artritis and keratitis secondary to traumatic implantation. | 2016 | 28348770 |
| fungicide sensitivity among isolates of colletotrichum truncatum and fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex infecting bell pepper in trinidad. | bell pepper is an economically important crop worldwide; however, production is restricted by a number of fungal diseases that cause significant yield loss. chemical control is the most common approach adopted by growers to manage a number of these diseases. monitoring for the development to resistance to fungicides in pathogenic fungal populations is central to devising integrated pest management strategies. two fungal species, fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex (fiesc) and colletotri ... | 2017 | 28381958 |
| identification of lens culinaris defense genes responsive to the anthracnose pathogen colletotrichum truncatum. | anthracnose of lentil, caused by the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen colletotrichum truncatum is a serious threat to lentil production in western canada. colletotrichum truncatum employs a bi-phasic infection strategy characterized by initial symptomless biotrophic and subsequent destructive necrotrophic colonization of its host. the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy (known as the biotrophy-necrotrophy switch [bns]) is critical in anthracnose development. understanding plant responses duri ... | 2013 | 23631759 |
| genetic transformation of colletotrichum truncatum associated with anthracnose disease of chili by random insertional mutagenesis. | an agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation (atmt) system was successfully developed for colletotrichum truncatum, the causal agent of chili anthracnose. a. tumefaciens carrying a hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hph) and a green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene was used to transform the conidiospores of two c. truncatum pathotypes f8-3b and brip26974. optimum transformation efficiency was obtained when equal volumes of a. tumefaciens strain agl1 carrying either pjf1 or ppk2 binary ve ... | 2011 | 22052577 |
| glomerella truncata: another glomerella species with an atypical mating system. | in the genus glomerella all species studied to date do not fit the usual mating system of heterothallic ascomycetes. this study investigated the mating system of g. truncata (anamorph colletotrichum truncatum), a pathogen responsible for lentil anthracnose. twenty-two field isolates from the canadian prairies were crossed in all possible combinations, including selfings. all isolates also were screened for the presence of the mat1-1 and mat1-2 idiomorphs by targeting small conserved areas of the ... | 2012 | 22223174 |
| synthesis of 4'-thiosemicarbazonegriseofulvin and its effects on the control of enzymatic browning and postharvest disease of fruits. | 4'-thiosemicarbazonegriseofulvin, a new thiosemicarbazide derivative of griseofulvin, was synthesized and evaluated for its potential in the control of enzymatic browning and postharvest disease of fruits. browning on fruits is mainly due to the enzymatic oxidation of phenolic compounds catalyzed by tyrosinase. 4'-thiosemicarbazonegriseofulvin could effectively inhibit the activity of tyrosinase, and its 50% inhibitory concentration (ic(50)) against tyrosinase was determined to be 37.8 μm. it wa ... | 2012 | 23025498 |
| endophytic fungi isolated from oil-seed crop jatropha curcas produces oil and exhibit antifungal activity. | jatropha curcas l., a perennial plant grown in tropics and subtropics is popularly known for its potential as biofuel. the plant is reported to survive under varying environmental conditions having tolerance to stress and an ability to manage pest and diseases. the plant was explored for its endophytic fungi for use in crop protection. endophytic fungi were isolated from leaf of jatropha curcas, collected from new delhi, india. four isolates were identified as colletotrichum truncatum, and other ... | 2013 | 23409154 |
| differential response of extracellular proteases of trichoderma harzianum against fungal phytopathogens. | in the present study, production of extracellular proteases by trichoderma harzianum was evaluated based on the relative gene expression and spectrophotometric assay. the fungal isolates were grown in czapek dox broth medium supplemented with deactivated mycelium of plant fungal pathogens such as fusarium oxysporum, colletotrichum capsici, gloeocercospora sorghi, and colletotrichum truncatum. the maximum protease activity was detected after 48 h of incubation against colletotrichum spp. similarl ... | 2016 | 27278806 |
| liquid culture production of fungal microsclerotia. | fungal microsclerotia ("small" sclerotia) are compact hyphal aggregates, typically 50-600 μm in diameter, that are formed under unfavorable nutritional and/or environmental conditions. these structures are often melanized and desiccated to some degree containing endogenous nutritional reserves for use when favorable conditions return. many fungi, mostly plant pathogens, produce microsclerotia as a survival structure. liquid culture methods have been developed for producing microsclerotia of the ... | 2016 | 27565493 |
| biological characteristics and antimicrobial activity of endophytic streptomyces sp. tqr12-4 isolated from elite citrus nobilis cultivar ham yen of vietnam. | ham yen orange (citrus nobilis lour) is the highly valuable commercial fruit of vietnam. with the blooming of fruit production and farming area, this specialty crop is facing threats from several serious diseases; therefore the search for new effective biocontrollers is required to prevent the existing excessive use of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals. endophytic actinomycetes are of great scientific interest due to their high potential of application in agriculture and pharmaceutical ... | 2016 | 27795709 |