| studies on aculeacin. i. isolation and characterization of aculeacin a. | aculeacin a, a new antifungal antibiotic was isolated from the mycelial cake of aspergillus aculeatus m-4214. the antibiotic is a white amorphous powder soluble in lower alcohols and hardly soluble in other organic solvents or water. aculeacin a gave palmitic acid and five ninhydrin-positive products including theonine, hydroxyproline upon acid hydrolysis. the antibiotic showed a potent activity against molds and yeasts, but exhibited no antibacterial activity. aculeacin a has relatively low tox ... | 1977 | 324959 |
| the post-harvest fruit rots of tomato (lycopersicum esculentum) in nigeria. | a survey of the post-harvest fruit rot diseases of tomato was conducted in five states of nigeria. during severe infections, the diseases could cause 25% loss at harvest and 34% loss of the remaining product in transit, storage and market stalls; thus giving an overall loss of about 50% of the product. two types of rots, soft and dry were recognised. the soft rot was found to account for about 85% and the dry rot about 15% of the overall loss. erwinia carotovora, rhizopus oryzae, r. stolonifer, ... | 1979 | 471028 |
| biosynthetic relationships among the secalonic acids. isolation of emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids from pyrenochaeta terrestris and aspergillus aculeatus. | cynodontin, emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids a, e and g have been isolated from five strains of pyrenochaeta terrestis. aspergillus aculeatus produces emodin, endocrocin and secalonic acids b, d and f. no cynodontin was detected. isolation of emodin in small amounts supports previous evidence that it is an intermediate in secalonic acid biosynthesis. isolation of cynodontin and endocrocin, which are co-produced with secalonic acids in other organisms, suggests that these compounds are form ... | 1979 | 541252 |
| secalonic acids d and f are toxic metabolites of aspergillus aculeatus. | | 1977 | 830866 |
| studies on aculeacin. ii. isolation and characterization of aculeacins b, c, d, e, f and g. | six new antibiotics were isolated as the minor components related to aculeacin a from the culture broth of aspergillus aculeatus m-4214 and named as aculeacins b, c, d, e, f and g. their physico-chemical properties were analogous to those of aculeacin a and they showed significant activity against fungi. all of the minor components liberated palmitic acid on alkaline hydrolysis. amino acid analysis showed that threonine and hydroxyproline are common constituents of aculeacins. | 1977 | 863789 |
| purification of an aspartic proteinase from aspergillus aculeatus. | | 1991 | 1812714 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a gene coding for aspergillus aculeatus cellulase (fi-cmcase). | | 1990 | 2216782 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a cdna for cellulase (fi-cmcase) from aspergillus aculeatus. | we have cloned and characterized the cdna coding for a major component of cellulase, endoglucanase (fi-cmcase), produced by aspergillus aculeatus. the cdna was isolated from a a. aculeatus cdna library using synthetic oligonucleotide mixtures that correspond to the internal amino acid sequence of the mature fi-cmcase protein. nucleotide sequence analysis of the cloned cdna insert revealed a 711 bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 237 amino acid residues. the primary structure of fi-c ... | 1990 | 2249253 |
| regulation of nigeran accumulation by aspergillus aculeatus. | nigeran (mycodextran), an unbranched glucan consisting of alternating alpha,1-4 and alpha,1-3 linkages, is accumulated intracellularly by aspergillus aculeatus, under conditions of nitrogen limitation and low ph (optimum ph 5.0). both conditions are necessary. nigeran is synthesized de novo from exogenous glucose and accounts for about 20% of the glucose transported by the mycelium. the polymer is diluted out but not degraded when the mycelium is transferred to fresh medium containing nh(4) (+). ... | 1973 | 4690967 |
| intracellular localization of nigeran in the wall of aspergillus aculeatus by autoradiography with the electron microscope. | aspergillus aculeatus mycelium was incubated with [(3)h]glucose under conditions that promote nigeran (mycodextran) accumulation (low ph, in the absence of nitrogen). autoradiography revealed that essentially all the (3)h was localized around the hyphal perimeter. the results strongly support a hyphal wall location for nigeran. | 1974 | 4829925 |
| a possible new pathogenic aspergillus isolation and general mycological properties of the fungus. | a species of aspergillus was isolated from vomitus and scrapings of the tongue of a patient with a form of respiratory illness. the fungus has since been identified as aspergillus aculeatus, iizuka. the fungus grew over a wide range of temperatures, the spores appeared to be thermophilic. many local foodstuffs supported the growth of the fungus in culture. ultraviolet light inhibited mycelia growth and sporulation of a. aculeatus. the fungicides brestan, benlate, fundazole and kocide 101 inhibit ... | 1984 | 6099970 |
| cellulolytic enzymes associated with the fruit rots of citrus sinensis caused by aspergillus aculeatus and botryodiplodia theobromae. | botryodiplodia theobromae and aspergillus aculeatus were inoculated in carboxymethylcellulose (cmc) medium and on filter papers. hydrolysis of the cmc medium and degradation of the filter papers were observed, indicating the production of c1 and cx cellulases by the two rot pathogens. the c1 and cx enzymes were also detected in filtrates of rotted orange fruits obtained by infection with the two pathogens. the cellulases could not induce rot development on their own. however, when they were adde ... | 1983 | 6624142 |
| cloning, sequence and expression of the gene coding for rhamnogalacturonase of aspergillus aculeatus; a novel pectinolytic enzyme. | rhamnogalacturonase was purified from culture filtrate of aspergillus aculeatus after growth in medium with sugar-beet pulp as carbon source. purified protein was used to raise antibodies in mice and with the antiserum obtained a gene coding for rhamnogalacturonase (rhga) was isolated from a lambda cdna expression library. the cloned rhga gene has an open-reading frame of 1320 base pairs encoding a protein of 440 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 45 962 da. the protein contains a po ... | 1995 | 7576553 |
| cloning and sequencing of cellulase cdna from aspergillus kawachii and its expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the cdna encoding the endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (carboxymethylcellulase; cmcase-i) from aspergillus kawachii ifo 4308 was cloned. nucleotide-sequence analysis of the cloned cdna insert showed a 717-bp open reading frame that encoded a protein of 239 amino-acid residues. the predicted amino-acid sequence of the mature protein had considerable homology with the protein sequence of the fi-cmcase of aspergillus aculeatus. the cdna was introduced into saccharomyces cerevisiae. the expressed enzyme had ... | 1995 | 7586029 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase from aspergillus aculeatus. synergism between rhamnogalacturonan degrading enzymes. | a rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase (rgae) was purified to homogeneity from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus, and the nh2-terminal amino acid sequence was determined. full-length cdnas encoding the enzyme were isolated from an a. aculeatus cdna library using a polymerase chain reaction-generated product as a probe. the 936-base pair rha1 cdna encodes a 250-residue precursor protein of 26,350 da, including a 17-amino acid signal peptide. the rha1 cdna was overexpressed in aspergillus ... | 1995 | 7592973 |
| expression of the cellulase (fi-cmcase) gene of aspergillus aculeatus in escherichia coli. | fi-cmcase cdna of aspergillus aculeatus was expressed in escherichia coli by using the tac promoter of e. coli. transformants of e. coli harboring a plasmid phem06 containing mature form fi-cmcase cdna produced fi-cmcase in the cytoplasm of the cells. the enzyme from e. coli cells was purified to yield 56% and it was immunological identical to that of fi-cmcase purified from a. aculeatus. | 1993 | 7764343 |
| expression of the cellulase (fi-cmcase) gene of aspergillus aculeatus in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | as a step to breed a saccharomyces cerevisiae strain able to produce ethanol directly from cellulose, we combined cdna for aspergillus aculeatus fi-cmcase (fi-carboxymethyl cellulase) with the gap (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) promoter of s. cerevisiae and used the resultant plasmid, pyec91, to transform s. cerevisiae. the transformed cells produced active fi-cmcase within the cytoplasm. western-blot analysis following sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the cel ... | 1994 | 7764982 |
| expression cloning, purification and characterization of a beta-1,4-galactanase from aspergillus aculeatus. | expression cloning has been used to isolate a cdna encoding beta-1,4-galactanase from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus. a cdna library was prepared from mycelia, inserted in a yeast expression vector and transformed into saccharomyces cerevisiae. thirteen clones secreting galactanase activity were identified from a screening of approximately 2.5 x 10(4) yeast colonies. all clones expressed transcripts of the same galactanase gene. the cdna was re-cloned in an aspergillus expression v ... | 1995 | 7788716 |
| cloning and characterization of two structurally and functionally divergent rhamnogalacturonases from aspergillus aculeatus. | two rhamnogalacturonases from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus have been cloned and characterized. a cdna library from a. aculeatus was constructed, and a novel rhamnogalacturonase b was isolated by expression cloning in yeast. for this purpose a new plate screening assay was developed, specific for the detection of rhamnogalacturonase activity. the rhamnogalacturonase a, known from previous reports, was shown not to be expressed in yeast in an active form. therefore, rhamnogalacturo ... | 1994 | 7961884 |
| rhamnogalacturonan alpha-l-rhamnopyranohydrolase. a novel enzyme specific for the terminal nonreducing rhamnosyl unit in rhamnogalacturonan regions of pectin. | two alpha-l-rhamnohydrolases with different substrate specificities were isolated from a commercial preparation produced by aspergillus aculeatus. the first rhamnohydrolase was active toward p-nitrophenyl-alpha-l- rhamnopyranoside, naringin, and hesperidin and was termed p-nitrophenyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranohydrolase (pnp-rhamnohydrolase). from the data collected, the enzyme seemed specific for the alpha-1,2- or alpha-1,6-linkage to beta-d-glucose. the pnp-rhamnohydrolase had a molecular mass of 87 ... | 1994 | 7972516 |
| expression cloning, purification and characterization of a beta-1,4-mannanase from aspergillus aculeatus. | a cdna library from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus was constructed in the yeast expression vector pyes2.0 and used to isolate 57 full length cdna's encoding beta-1,4-mannanase by expression in s. cerevisiae. the positive clones were identified on agar plates containing 0.2% azurine dyed cross-linked mannan by the formation of blue halos around the colonies. all clones represented transcripts of the same mannanase gene (man1). the gene was sub-cloned into an aspergillus expression v ... | 1994 | 7987261 |
| isolation and structural characterization of endo-rhamnogalacturonase-generated fragments of the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan i. | a combination of commercially available preparations of aspergillus niger beta-d-galactosidase, endo-alpha-l-arabinanase, alpha-l-arabinosidase, and endo-beta-d-galactanase has been used to generate oligoglycosyl fragments of the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan i (rg-i) that had been isolated from the walls of suspension-cultured sycamore cells. the backbone-cleaving enzyme, which is present in the beta-d-galactosidase preparation, only fragments the rg-i backbone when many of the neutral oligogl ... | 1994 | 8001021 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of an endoglucanase from aspergillus aculeatus. | most fungal cellulases are found in multiple forms varying in size and substrate specificity. aspergillus aculeatus is known to produce nine cellulolytic enzymes including an endoglucanase (fi cm-cellulase, m(r) = 24,002) as the major component. single crystals of fi cm-cellulase from aspergillus aculeatus have been prepared by sitting-drop vapour diffusion using ammonium sulphate as a precipitant. the cellulase crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit cell dimensi ... | 1994 | 8057368 |
| rhamnogalacturonase b from aspergillus aculeatus is a rhamnogalacturonan alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronide lyase. | the recently described rhamnogalacturonase b, which is able to degrade ramified hairy regions of pectin, was found to be a rhamnogalacturonan alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronide lyase. the cleavage site and mechanism differ from that of the previously described rhamnogalacturonase a, which is a hydrolase and can now be termed rhamnogalacturonan alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronide-(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl hydrolase. | 1996 | 8587995 |
| the backbone of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan i is cleaved by an endohydrolase and an endolyase. | rhamnogalacturonan i (rg-i), a major pectic component of the primary walls of plant cells, is believed to play an important role in determining both the structure and functions of the walls. a more detailed structural description of rg-i is likely to lead to a greater understanding of the biological roles of this polysaccharide. two enzymes secreted by aspergillus aculeatus that have been cloned and expressed in a fungal system (kofod et al., j. biol. chem., 269, 29182-29189, 1994) cleave the rg ... | 1995 | 8720076 |
| pectin methyl esterase from aspergillus aculeatus: expression cloning in yeast and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | seventeen full-length cdnas encoding pectin methyl esterase i (pme i) have been isolated from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus by expression cloning in yeast. yeast colonies expressing functional pme i were identified on agar plates containing highly esterified pectin, and a cdna encoding pme i was isolated. the deduced amino acid sequence of pme i is highly similar (74% identity) to the pme from aspergillus niger. a full-length cdna encoding pme i was cloned into an aspergillus expr ... | 1996 | 8920970 |
| identification of regulatory mutants of aspergillus aculeatus affected in rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase expression. | rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase expression in a. aculeatus can be induced by pectin, but also by a combination of two constituent monosaccharides of pectin, rhamnose and galacturonic acid. the rhga promoter was fused to the a. niger glucose oxidase coding sequence and a single copy of the hybrid gene was integrated at the rhga locus in the genome of a. aculeatus. the gene product was subsequently used as reporter in a screening assay for the selection of rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase-overproducing m ... | 1996 | 8929397 |
| stereochemical course of hydrolysis catalyzed by arabinofuranosyl hydrolases. | the stereochemical course of hydrolysis catalyzed by various enzymes acting on arabinofuranosyl linkages has been determined. 1h-nmr analysis of the action of endo-(1-->5)-alpha-l-arabinanases from aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus showed that both hydrolyze linear arabinan with inversion of configuration, and may therefore act via a single displacement mechanism. this is consistent with the a. niger enzyme's classification in glycosyl hydrolase family 43. the catalytic mechanisms of a ... | 1996 | 8946944 |
| cloning and sequencing of the cdna encoding beta-glucosidase 1 from aspergillus aculeatus. | a cdna was isolated from an aspergillus aculeatus cdna library using synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide mixtures that corresponded to the internal amino acid (aa) sequence of mature beta-glucosidase 1 (bgl1). analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the cloned cdna insert revealed a 2580-bp open reading frame (orf) that encoded a 860-aa protein. the deduced aa sequence of the orf shared sequence similarity with several bgl from other microorganisms. | 1996 | 8964516 |
| the crystal structure of rhamnogalacturonase a from aspergillus aculeatus: a right-handed parallel beta helix. | pectic substances are the major polysaccharide components of the middle lamella and primary cell wall of dicotyledonous plants. they consist of homogalacturonan 'smooth' regions and highly rhamnified 'hairy' regions of rhamnogalacturonan. the backbone in rhamnogalacturonan-l (rg-l), which is composed of alternating galacturonic acid and rhamnose residues, is the substrate for a new class of enzymes known as rhamnogalacturnoases (rgases). rgase a is a novel enzyme implicated in the enzymatic degr ... | 1997 | 9115442 |
| a putative rhamnogalacturonase required for sexual development of neurospora crassa. | in previous work, the asd-i (ascus development) gene of the filamentous fingus neurospora crassa was identified as a gene expressed preferentially during the sexual cycle and shown to be essential for normal sexual development. the asd-i gene has been sequenced and further characterized. it contains two introns, the first of which is in-frame and inefficiently or differentially spliced. the predicted asd-i protein has extensive homology with rhamnogalacturonase b of aspergillus aculeatus, which ... | 1997 | 9178004 |
| an overview of the safety evaluation of the thermomyces lanuginosus xylanase enzyme (sp 628) and the aspergillus aculeatus xylanase enzyme (sp 578). | xylanases sp 628 and sp 578 were produced by submerged fermentation of aspergillus oryzae, containing a gene code originating from thermomyces lanuginosus and aspergillus aculeatus, respectively. both enzymes were subject to the same series of toxicological tests to document their safety in use. the enzymes are to be applied as processing aids in the baking industry and in wheat starch separation. neither enzyme was found to be mutagenic in the salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay, nor ... | 1997 | 9205568 |
| cloning and characterization of two rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase genes from aspergillus niger. | a rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase gene of aspergillus aculeatus was used as a probe for the cloning of two rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase genes of aspergillus niger. the corresponding proteins, rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases a and b, are 78 and 72% identical, respectively, with the a. aculeatus enzyme. in a. niger cultures which were shifted from growth on sucrose to growth on apple pectin as a carbon source, the expression of the rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase a gene (rhga) was transiently induced afte ... | 1997 | 9212401 |
| identification of a bacterial pectin acetyl esterase in erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. | erwinia chrysanthemi causes soft-rot diseases of various plants by enzymatic degradation of the pectin in plant cell walls. the structural complexity of pectin requires the combined action of several pectinases for its efficient breakdown. three types of pectinases have so far been identified in e. chrysanthemi: two pectin methyl esterases (pema, pemb), a polygalacturonase (pehx), and eight pectate lyases (pela, pelb, pelc, peld, pele, pell, pelz, pelx). we report in this paper the analysis of a ... | 1997 | 9218776 |
| three neocallimastix patriciarum esterases associated with the degradation of complex polysaccharides are members of a new family of hydrolases. | acetylesterase and cinnamoyl ester hydrolase activities were demonstrated in culture supernatant of the anaerobic ruminal fungus neocallimastix patriciarum. a cdna expression library from n. patriciarum was screened for esterases using beta-naphthyl acetate and a model cinnamoyl ester compound. cdna clones representing four different esterase genes (bnaa-d) were isolated. none of the enzymes had cinnamoyl ester hydrolase activity, but two of the enzymes (bnaa and bnac) had acetylxylan esterase a ... | 1997 | 9274014 |
| purification and characterization of an extracellular beta-glucosidase from the filamentous fungus acremonium persicinum and its probable role in beta-glucan degradation. | a beta-glucosidase from the culture filtrates of the filamentous fungus acremonium persicinum has been purified by (nh4)2so4 precipitation followed by anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. sds-page of the purified enzyme gave a single band with an apparent molecular mass of 128 kda. the enzyme is a monomeric protein with an isoelectric point of 4.3 and a ph optimum of 5.5. comparison of the n-terminal amino acid sequence revealed similarities between the a. persicinum enzyme and seve ... | 1997 | 9291624 |
| expression cloning of fungal enzyme genes; a novel approach for efficient isolation of enzyme genes of industrial relevance. | expression cloning is a relatively new method for fast and efficient cloning of enzyme genes from fungi that are known to make complex enzyme mixtures. in contrast to traditional cloning methods that are usually dependent on knowledge of at least a partial amino acid sequence in order to synthesize appropriate dna probes or primers, the expression cloning method solely relies on access to reliable and sensitive enzyme assays. a representative expression cdna library is made in saccharomyces cere ... | 1997 | 9299700 |
| action patterns and mapping of the substrate-binding regions of endo-(1-->5)-alpha-l-arabinanases from aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus. | the substrate binding sites of endo-(1-->5)-alpha-l-arabinanases (ec 3.2.1.99) from aspergillus niger and aspergillus aculeatus were investigated using reduced and regular (1-->5)-alpha-l-arabino-oligosaccharides and high performance anion exchange chromatographic analysis. calculation of bond cleavage frequencies and kcat/k(m) parameters for these substrates enabled the determination of the number of arabinofuranosyl binding subsites and the estimation of the binding affinities of each subsite. ... | 1997 | 9352635 |
| cloning and characterization of a rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase gene from botrytis cinerea. | rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase (rgase a) cleaves alpha 1--2 linkages between rhamnosyl and galacturonosyl residues in pectin. a 1.9 kb rgase a cdna clone (bcrhga) was isolated from a b. cinerea cdna library using a pcr-amplified aspergillus aculeatus rgase a probe. it's 1.7 kb open reading frame had 62% identity at the amino acid level with a. aculeatus rgase a. northern blots of b. cinerea total rna probed with bcrhga revealed a 2 kb band, suggesting the cdna clone is full or nearly-full length. ... | 1997 | 9385443 |
| genetic immobilization of cellulase on the cell surface of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we tried genetically to immobilize cellulase protein on the cell surface of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae in its active form. a cdna encoding fi-carboxymethylcellulase (cmcase) of the fungus aspergillus aculeatus, with its secretion signal peptide, was fused with the gene encoding the c-terminal half (320 amino acid residues from the c terminus) of yeast alpha-agglutinin a protein involved in mating and covalently anchored to the cell wall. the plasmid constructed containing this fusion gen ... | 1997 | 9390459 |
| evidence that galactanase a from pseudomonas fluorescens subspecies cellulosa is a retaining family 53 glycosyl hydrolase in which e161 and e270 are the catalytic residues. | a genomic library of pseudomonas fluorescens subsp. cellulosa dna was screened for galactanase-positive recombinants. the nine galactanase positive phage isolated contained the same galactanase gene designated gala. the deduced primary structure of the enzyme (galactanase a; gala) encoded by gala had a mr of 42 130 and exhibited significant sequence identity with a galactanase from aspergillus aculeatus, placing gala in glycosyl hydrolase family 53. the enzyme displayed properties typical of an ... | 1997 | 9398278 |
| molecular and phenotypic characterization of aspergillus japonicus and aspergillus aculeatus strains with special regard to their mitochondrial dna polymorphisms. | forty aspergillus japonicus and a. aculeatus strains, most of them wild-type isolates, were examined using various molecular and phenotypic techniques. the rdnas proved to be invariable (even strains of the species a. aculeatus exhibited the same restriction profile), while the strains could be classified into seven different mtdna rflp groups. hybridisation data suggest that six of these mtdna types have certain common restriction sites, while mtdna type 7, which was exhibited by some a. aculea ... | 1997 | 9442274 |
| stereochemical course of hydrolysis catalysed by alpha-l-rhamnosyl and alpha-d-galacturonosyl hydrolases from aspergillus aculeatus. | the stereochemical course of hydrolysis catalysed by four aspergillus aculeatus enzymes acting on alpha-l-rhamnosyl and alpha-d-galacturonosyl linkages in the hairy regions of pectins has been determined using 1h-nmr. exogalacturonase acts with inversion of anomeric configuration (e-->a), shown by the initial release of beta-d-galpa from the non-reducing end of polygalacturonic acid. similarly, rhamnogalacturonan (rg) hydrolase also acts with inversion of anomeric configuration (e-->a) during hy ... | 1998 | 9464254 |
| characterization of recombinant rhamnogalacturonan alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1,4)-alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronide lyase from aspergillus aculeatus. an enzyme that fragments rhamnogalacturonan i regions of pectin. | the four major oligomeric reaction products from saponified modified hairy regions (mhr-s) from apple, produced by recombinant rhamnogalacturonan (rg) alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1, 4)-alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronide lyase (rrg-lyase) from aspergillus aculeatus, were isolated and characterized by 1h-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. they contain an alternating rg backbone with a degree of polymerization of 4, 6, 8, and 10 and with an alpha-delta-(4,5)-unsaturated d-galactopyranosyluronic aci ... | 1998 | 9576783 |
| rhamnogalacturonan alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronohydrolase. an enzyme that specifically removes the terminal nonreducing galacturonosyl residue in rhamnogalacturonan regions of pectin | a new enzyme, rhamnogalacturonan (rg) alpha-d-galactopyranosyluronohydrolase (rg-galacturonohydrolase), able to release a galacturonic acid residue from the nonreducing end of rg chains but not from homogalacturonan, was purified from an aspergillus aculeatus enzyme preparation. rg-galacturonohydrolase acted with inversion of anomeric configuration, initially releasing beta-d-galactopyranosyluronic acid. the enzyme cleaved smaller rg substrates with the highest catalytic efficiency. a michaelis ... | 1998 | 9576784 |
| structure and evolution of parallel beta-helix proteins. | three bacterial pectate lyases, a pectin lyase from aspergillus niger, the structures of rhamnogalacturonase a from aspergillus aculeatus, rgase a, and the p22-phage tailspike protein, tsp, display the right-handed parallel beta-helix architecture first seen in pectate lyase. the lyases have 7 complete coils while rgase a and tsp have 11 and 12, respectively. each coil contains three beta-strands and three turn regions named pb1, t1, pb2, t2, pb3, and t3 in their order of occurrence. the lyases ... | 1998 | 9724625 |
| crystal structure of polygalacturonase from erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora. | the crystal structure of the 40-kda endo-polygalacturonase from erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora was solved by multiple isomorphous replacement and refined at 1.9 a to a conventional crystallographic r-factor of 0.198 and rfree of 0.239. this is the first structure of a polygalacturonase and comprises a 10 turn right-handed parallel beta-helix domain with two loop regions forming a "tunnel like" substrate-binding cleft. sequence conservation indicates that the active site of polygalacturonase ... | 1998 | 9733763 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the heterogeneously glycosylated enzyme rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase from aspergillus aculeatus. | well diffracting crystals of rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase from aspergillus aculeatus have been obtained in two polymorphic modifications despite its heterogeneous glycosylation. the best-diffracting crystals (resolution 1.55 a) are orthorhombic. the limit of the diffraction pattern of the other (trigonal) form is 2.5 a. the ability of the enzyme to crystallize appears to depend on the glycosylation of the protein sample. this aspect has been investigated by mass spectrometry, which also sho ... | 1998 | 9757128 |
| expression of aspergillus aculeatus no. f-50 cellobiohydrolase i (cbhi) and beta-glucosidase 1 (bgl1) genes by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | a cellobiohydrolase i (cbhi) and a beta-glucosidase 1 (bgl1) gene of aspergillus aculeatus were expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. the transformed cells secreted the enzymes efficiently in an active form. the recombinant cbhi gave two bands of different molecular mass (110 and 90 kda) and the recombinant bgl1 gave one band (180 kda) by sds-page. the recombinant cbhi and bgl1 had the same enzymatical properties as the native enzyme except for the specific activity toward cellulosic substrates ... | 1998 | 9757570 |
| softwood hemicellulose-degrading enzymes from aspergillus niger: purification and properties of a beta-mannanase. | the enzymes needed for galactomannan hydrolysis, i.e., beta-mannanase, alpha-galactosidase and beta-mannosidase, were produced by the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger. the beta-mannanase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity in three steps using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. the purified enzyme had an isoelectric point of 3.7 and a molecular mass of 40 kda. ivory nut mannan was degraded mainly to mannobiose and mannotriose when incuba ... | 1998 | 9803534 |
| assimilation of cellooligosaccharides by a cell surface-engineered yeast expressing beta-glucosidase and carboxymethylcellulase from aspergillus aculeatus | since saccharomyces cerevisiae lacks the cellulase complexes that hydrolyze cellulosic materials, which are abundant in the world, two types of hydrolytic enzymes involved in the degradation of cellulosic materials to glucose were genetically co-immobilized on its cell surface for direct utilization of cellulosic materials, one of the final goals of our studies. the genes encoding fi-carboxymethylcellulase (cmcase) and beta-glucosidase from the fungus aspergillus aculeatus were individually fuse ... | 1998 | 9835574 |
| a xyloglucan-specific endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from aspergillus aculeatus: expression cloning in yeast, purification and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | a full-length c-dna encoding a xyloglucan-specific endo -beta-1, 4-glucanase (xeg) has been isolated from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus by expression cloning in yeast. the colonies expressing functional xeg were identified on agar plates containing azurine-dyed cross-linked xyloglucan. the cdna encoding xeg was isolated, sequenced, cloned into an aspergillus expression vector, and transformed into aspergillus oryzae for heterologous expression. the recombinant enzyme was purified ... | 1999 | 9884411 |
| pectin methylesterase gene (pmea) from aspergillus oryzae kbn616: its sequence analysis and overexpression, and characterization of the gene product. | a gene (pmea) encoding pectin methylesterase was isolated from a shoyu koji mold, aspergillus oryzae kbn616, and characterized. the structural gene comprised 1,370 bp with six introns. the pmea protein consisted of 331 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 17 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence was very similar to those of aspergillus niger pmea and aspergillus aculeatus pme1. the pmea gene was efficiently expressed under control of the a. oryzae tef1 gene promoter for purificat ... | 1999 | 10052131 |
| cloning and sequencing of beta-mannosidase gene from aspergillus aculeatus no. f-50. | the manb gene, coding for a unique beta-mannosidase (manb) of aspergillus aculeatus, was cloned from genomic and cdna libraries, and sequenced. the gene consists of 2,811 bp encoding a polypeptide of 937 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 104,214 da. the a. aculeatus manb shared amino acid sequence identity with manb of human (24%), goat (24%), bovine (24%), and caenorhabditis elegans (22%). when the a. aculeatus manb was compared with other related enzymes, a glu residue corresponding ... | 1999 | 10052144 |
| okaramines h and i, new okaramine congeners, from aspergillus aculeatus | two new congeners of okaramine, okaramines h (3) and i (4), were isolated from okara fermented with aspergillus aculeatus kf-428. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. neither okaramine h nor i showed insecticidal activity against silkworms. | 1999 | 10075772 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of beta-1, 4-galactanase from aspergillus aculeatus. | recombinant beta-1,4-galactanase from aspergillus aculeatus has been crystallized and characterized by x-ray diffraction. crystals were obtained in hanging drops by vapour-diffusion under the conditions 30% peg 400, 0.2 m cacl2 and 0.1 m na hepes buffered to ph 7.5. the crystals diffract to 2.3 a resolution and belong to one of the orthorhombic space groups i222 or i212121. the unit-cell dimensions are a = 60.42, b = 88.94 and c = 129.08 a. with one molecule in the asymmetric unit, the correspon ... | 1999 | 10089338 |
| safety evaluation of a fungal pectinesterase enzyme preparation and its use in food. | the aspergillus aculeatus pectinesterase enzyme is used to modify the texture of plant derived products. it is produced by a. oryzae transformed with the cloned full length cdna of a. aculeatus encoding pectinesterase. it was subjected to a series of toxicological tests to document safety in use. the enzyme preparation was not found to be mutagenic in the ames test, and did not cause chromosomal damage in a human lymphocyte assay. in a 13-week oral-toxicity study in rats, with daily dosages up t ... | 1998 | 10209572 |
| hydrolytic properties of a beta-mannosidase purified from aspergillus niger. | a beta-mannosidase was purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of aspergillus niger. a specific activity of 500 nkat mg-1 and a 53-fold purification was achieved using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. the isolated enzyme has an isoelectric point of 5.0 and appears to be a dimer composed of two 135-kda subunits. it is a glycoprotein and contains 17% n-linked carbohydrate by weight. maximal activity was observed at ph 2.4 5.0 and at 70 de ... | 1999 | 10553664 |
| the engl gene cluster of clostridium cellulovorans contains a gene for cellulosomal mana. | a five-gene cluster around the gene in clostridium cellulovorans that encodes endoglucanase engl, which is involved in plant cell wall degradation, has been cloned and sequenced. as a result, a mannanase gene, mana, has been found downstream of engl. the mana gene consists of an open reading frame with 1,275 nucleotides encoding a protein with 425 amino acids and a molecular weight of 47, 156. mana has a signal peptide followed by a duplicated sequence (ds, or dockerin) at its n terminus and a c ... | 2000 | 10613891 |
| analysis of a catalytic acidic pair in the active center of cellulase from aspergillus aculeatus. | four acidic amino acid residues, asp97, asp101, glu118, and glu202, were located in the cleft from the x-ray crystallographic analysis of fi-cmcase, endo-1,4-beta-glucanase (ec: 3.2.1.4) of aspergillus aculeatus no. f-50. to identify the catalytic residues of the fi-cmcase, these residues were mutated to glu or ser from asp97 and asp101, and to asp or ser from glu118 and glu202 by site-directed mutagenesis, and totally 8 single mutant enzymes expressed in escherichia coli were prepared: d97e, d9 ... | 1999 | 10664848 |
| structural characterisation and enzymic modification of the exopolysaccharide produced by lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris b39. | lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris b39 grown on whey permeate produced an exopolysaccharide containing l-rha, d-gal and d-glc in a molar ratio of 2:3:2. the polysaccharide was modified using an enzyme preparation from aspergillus aculeatus, resulting in the release of gal and a polymer with approximately the same hydrodynamic volume as the native polysaccharide. linkage analysis and 1h nmr studies of both the native and modified exopolysaccharides elucidated that terminally linked gal was releas ... | 2000 | 10724531 |
| in vitro biosynthesis of 1,4-beta-galactan attached to rhamnogalacturonan i. | the biosynthesis of galactan was investigated using microsomal membranes isolated from suspension-cultured cells of potato (solanum tuberosum l. var. azy). incubation of the microsomal membranes in the presence of udp-[14c]galactose resulted in a radioactive product insoluble in 70% methanol. the product released only [14c]galactose upon acid hydrolysis. treatment of the product with aspergillus niger endo-1,4-beta-galactanase released 65-70% of the radioactivity to a 70%-methanol-soluble fracti ... | 2000 | 10787056 |
| rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase elucidates the structure and function of a new family of hydrolases. | the complex polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan constitutes a major part of the hairy region of pectin. it can have different types of carbohydrate sidechains attached to the rhamnose residues in the backbone of alternating rhamnose and galacturonic acid residues; the galacturonic acid residues can be methylated or acetylated. aspergillus aculeatus produces enzymes that are able to perform a synergistic degradation of rhamnogalacturonan. the deacetylation of the backbone by rhamnogalacturonan acet ... | 2000 | 10801485 |
| purification and characterisation of a beta-galactosidase from aspergillus aculeatus with activity towards (modified) exopolysaccharides from lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris b39 and b891. | beta-galactosidase from aspergillus aculeatus was purified from a commercial source for its hydrolytic activity towards (modified) exopolysaccharides (epss) produced by lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris b39 and b891. the enzyme had a molecular mass of approximately 120 kda, a pi between 5.3 and 5.7 and was optimally active at ph 5.4 and 55-60 degrees c. based on the n-terminal amino acid sequence, the enzyme probably belongs to family 35 of the glycosyl hydrolases. the catalytic mechanism was s ... | 2000 | 11086688 |
| combined molecular and biochemical approach identifies aspergillus japonicus and aspergillus aculeatus as two species. | we examined nine aspergillus japonicus isolates and 10 aspergillus aculeatus isolates by using molecular and biochemical markers, including dna sequences of the its1-5.8s rrna gene-its2 region, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp), and secondary-metabolite profiles. the dna sequence of the internal transcribed spacers (its1 and its2) and the 5.8s rrna gene could not be used to distinguish between a. japonicus and a. aculeatus but did show that these two taxa are more closely related ... | 2001 | 11157212 |
| expression of the aspergillus aculeatus endo-beta-1,4-mannanase encoding gene (man1) in saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. | the endo-beta-1,4-mannanase encoding gene man1 of aspergillus aculeatus mrc11624 was amplified from mrna by polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers designed from the published sequence of man1 from a. aculeatus ksm510. the amplified fragment was cloned and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae under the gene regulation of the alcohol dehydrogenase (adh2(pt)) and phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk1(pt)) promoters and terminators, respectively. the man1 gene product was designated man5 ... | 2001 | 11162394 |
| expression and action pattern of botryotinia fuckeliana (botrytis cinerea) rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase in pichia pastoris. | the cdna sequence coding for the complete rhamnogalacturonan hydrolase (rgase) of botryotinia fuckeliana (botrytis cinerea) was introduced into pichia pastoris and expressed under the control of the alcohol oxidase promoter. the rgase was secreted into the medium of the yeast driven by the alpha-factor secretion peptide and could be purified using the c-terminal his6-tag fusion. rgase activity was measured using a traditional reducing end assay with linseed rhamnogalacturonan (rg) as the substra ... | 2001 | 11217965 |
| in vitro evaluation of nonstarch polysaccharide digestibility of feed ingredients by enzymes. | some of the commonly used feed ingredients for poultry (corn, sorghum, finger millet, deoiled ricebran, soybean meal, peanut meal, sunflower meal, and rapeseed meal) were screened for pentosans, cellulose, pectin, and total nonstarch polysaccharides. the ingredient in vitro digestibilities by enzymes were evaluated. cereal samples screened contained mainly pentosans. pectin content was rich in oilseed meals. sunflower meal, soybean meal, deoiled rice bran, and a broiler starter diet were subject ... | 2001 | 11261560 |
| purification and characterization of two different alpha-l-rhamnosidases, rhaa and rhab, from aspergillus aculeatus. | two proteins exhibiting alpha-l-rhamnosidase activity, rhaa and rhab, were identified upon fractionation and purification of a culture filtrate from aspergillus aculeatus grown on hesperidin. both proteins were shown to be n glycosylated and had molecular masses of 92 and 85 kda, of which approximately 24 and 15%, respectively, were contributed by carbohydrate. rhaa and rhab, optimally active at ph 4.5 to 5, showed k(m) and v(max) values of 2.8 mm and 24 u/mg (rhaa) and 0.30 mm and 14 u/mg (rhab ... | 2001 | 11319105 |
| the x-ray structure of aspergillus aculeatus polygalacturonase and a modeled structure of the polygalacturonase-octagalacturonate complex. | polygalacturonases hydrolyze the alpha-(1-4) glycosidic bonds of de-esterified pectate in the smooth region of the plant cell wall. crystal structures of polygalacturonase from aspergillus aculeatus were determined at ph 4.5 and 8.5 both to 2.0 a resolution. a. aculeatus polygalacturonase is a glycoprotein with one n and ten o-glycosylation sites and folds into a right-handed parallel beta-helix. the structures of the three independent molecules are essentially the same, showing no dependency on ... | 2001 | 11518536 |
| functional cloning of an endo-arabinanase from aspergillus aculeatus and its heterologous expression in a. or oryzae and tobacco. | functional cloning in yeast has been used to isolate full-length cdnas encoding an endo-alpha-1,5-l-arabinanase from the filamentous fungus aspergillus aculeatus. screening of a cdna library constructed in a yeast expression vector for transformants that hydrolysed azcl-arabinan identified 44 saccharomyces cerevisiae clones all harbouring the same arabinanase-encoding cdna. the cloned cdna was expressed in a. oryzae and the recombinant enzyme was purified and characterized. the mode of action of ... | 2001 | 11523809 |
| a branched n-linked glycan at atomic resolution in the 1.12 a structure of rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase. | the crystal structure of the glycoprotein rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase from aspergillus aculeatus has been refined to a resolution of 1.12 a using synchrotron data collected at 263 k. both of the two putative n-glycosylation sites at asn104 and asn182 are glycosylated and, owing to crystal contacts, the glycan structure at asn182 is exceptionally well defined in the electron-density maps, showing the six-carbohydrate structure manalpha1-6(manalpha1-3)manalpha1-6manbeta1-4glcnacbeta1-4glcnac ... | 2002 | 11752785 |
| production and characterization of extracellular and intracellular tannase from newly isolated aspergillus aculeatus dbf 9. | a comparative study on the simultaneous production of extra and intracellular tannase was made from newly isolated fungal strain aspergillus aculeatus dbf 9. this strain produced five times more intracellular enzyme within 24 h in liquid culture than the extracellular form. maximum tannase production occurred in the culture broth containing 1-2% (w/v) tannic acid and 0.05-0.1% (w/v) glucose. the ph and temperature optima of both the enzymes were found at 5.0 and 50-60 degrees c, respectively. ex ... | 2001 | 11802541 |
| cj-15,183, a new inhibitor of squalene synthase produced by a fungus, aspergillus aculeatus. | a new squalene synthase (ssase) inhibitor, cj-15,183 (i) was isolated from the fermentation broth of a fungus, aspergillus aculeatus cl38916. the compound potently inhibited rat liver and candida albicans microsomal ssases and also inhibited the human enzyme. it also showed antifungal activities against filamentous fungi and a yeast. the structure was determined to be an aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid compound consisting of an alkyl gamma-lactone, malic acid and isocitric acid moieties by spectr ... | 2001 | 11827032 |
| description of a cellulose-binding domain and a linker sequence from aspergillus fungi. | a family i cellulose-binding domain (cbd) and a serine- and threonine-rich linker peptide were cloned from the fungi aspergillus japonicus and aspergillus aculeatus. a glutathione s-transferase (gst) fusion protein comprising gst and a peptide linker with the cbd fused to its c-terminus, was expressed in escherichia coli. the renatured gst-cbd recovered from inclusion bodies had a molecular mass of 36.5 kda which agrees with the 29 kda of the gst plus the calculated 7.5 kda of the linker with th ... | 2002 | 11956750 |
| in muro fragmentation of the rhamnogalacturonan i backbone in potato (solanum tuberosum l.) results in a reduction and altered location of the galactan and arabinan side-chains and abnormal periderm development. | rhamnogalacturonan (rg) i is a branched pectic polysaccharide in plant cell walls. rhamnogalacturonan lyase (ergl) from aspergillus aculeatus is able to cleave the rg i backbone at specific sites. transgenic potato (solanum tuberosum l.) plants were made by the introduction of the gene encoding ergl, under the control of the granule-bound starch synthase promoter. the ergl protein was successfully expressed and translated into an active form, demonstrated by ergl activity in the tuber extracts. ... | 2002 | 12028571 |
| a stepwise optimization of crystals of rhamnogalacturonan lyase from aspergillus aculeatus. | recombinant rhamnogalacturonan lyase from aspergillus aculeatus has been crystallized by a stepwise procedure and x-ray diffraction data have been collected. the crystals were grown using hanging-drop vapour-diffusion and microseeding techniques. crystals were obtained showing a flat plate morphology. the crystallization conditions were 20% peg 4000, 9% peg 400, 0.1 m (nh(4))(2)so(4) and 0.1 m sodium acetate ph 4.4. these crystals diffracted to a resolution of 1.5 a. the unit-cell parameters are ... | 2002 | 12136151 |
| direct and efficient production of ethanol from cellulosic material with a yeast strain displaying cellulolytic enzymes. | for direct and efficient ethanol production from cellulosic materials, we constructed a novel cellulose-degrading yeast strain by genetically codisplaying two cellulolytic enzymes on the cell surface of saccharomyces cerevisiae. by using a cell surface engineering system based on alpha-agglutinin, endoglucanase ii (egii) from the filamentous fungus trichoderma reesei qm9414 was displayed on the cell surface as a fusion protein containing an rgshis6 (arg-gly-ser-his(6)) peptide tag in the n-termi ... | 2002 | 12324364 |
| aspergillus aculeatus beta-1,4-galactanase: substrate recognition and relations to other glycoside hydrolases in clan gh-a. | the three-dimensional structure of aspergillus aculeatus beta-1,4-galactanase (aagal), an enzyme involved in pectin degradation, has been determined by multiple isomorphous replacement to 2.3 and 1.8 a resolution at 293 and 100 k, respectively. it represents the first known structure for a polysaccharidase with this specificity and for a member of glycoside hydrolase family 53 (gh-53). the enzyme folds into a (beta/alpha)(8) barrel with the active site cleft located at the c-terminal side of the ... | 2002 | 12484750 |
| [purification and properties of endoglucanases from aspergillus aculeatus sm-l22]. | the five endoglucanases(cmcase) components from aspergillus aculeatus sm-l22 were separated and purified by exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. five components(eg ii-1, eg ii-2, eg iii-1, eg iii-2 and eg iv) had molecular weights of 38.7, 34.4, 31.4, 36.9 and 23.7 kd by sds-page, respectively, and ief showed their pi were ph < 3.5, < 3.5, 4.9, 4.4 and 5.0, respectively. all of them have maximum reactive activities at ph 3.5-4.0; and the optimum temperatures were 55 degrees ... | 2001 | 12552914 |
| characterization of a tomato protein that inhibits a xyloglucan-specific endoglucanase. | a basic, 51 kda protein was purified from suspension-cultured tomato and shown to inhibit the hydrolytic activity of a xyloglucan-specific endoglucanase (xeg) from the fungus aspergillus aculeatus. the tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) protein, termed xeg inhibitor protein (xegip), inhibits xeg activity by forming a 1 : 1 protein:protein complex with a ki approximately 0.5 nm. to our knowledge, xegip is the first reported proteinaceous inhibitor of any endo-beta-1,4-glucanase, including the cellu ... | 2003 | 12713539 |
| structure of two fungal beta-1,4-galactanases: searching for the basis for temperature and ph optimum. | beta-1,4-galactanases hydrolyze the galactan side chains that are part of the complex carbohydrate structure of the pectin. they are assigned to family 53 of the glycoside hydrolases and display significant variations in their ph and temperature optimum and stability. two fungal beta-1,4-galactanases from myceliophthora thermophila and humicola insolens have been cloned and heterologously expressed, and the crystal structures of the gene products were determined. the structures are compared to t ... | 2003 | 12761390 |
| efficient isolation of genes differentially expressed on cellulose by suppression subtractive hybridization in agaricus bisporus. | the production of cellulases on minimal medium in the edible mushroom agaricus bisporus is regulated by the carbon source: induced by cellulose and repressed by glucose. in order to isolate cellulose-growth specific sequences, a cdna library from a. bisporus using suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) was constructed. northern blot analysis indicated that a high level of enrichment was achieved; 183 clones were isolated. a preliminary screen with cellulose-specific genes of a. bisporus (ce ... | 2003 | 12825511 |
| a screening method for endo-beta-1,4-xylanase substrate selectivity. | endoxylanase (ec 3.2.1.8) substrate selectivity, i.e., its relative activity toward water-unextractable arabinoxylan (wu-ax) and water-extractable arabinoxylan (we-ax) substrates, is important for its functionality in biotechnological processes such as bread-making and gluten starch separation. a screening method for rapidly determining said substrate selectivity was developed. endoxylanase activity toward wu-ax was estimated by incubation of insoluble chromogenic substrate with a range of enzym ... | 2003 | 12842109 |
| impact of xylanases with different substrate selectivity on gluten-starch separation of wheat flour. | the influence on wheat flour gluten-starch separation of a xylanase from aspergillus aculeatus (xaa) with hydrolysis selectivity toward water extractable arabinoxylan (we-ax) and that is not inhibited by wheat flour xylanase inhibitors was compared to that of a xylanase from bacillus subtilis (xbs) with hydrolysis selectivity toward water unextractable arabinoxylan (wu-ax) and that is inhibited by such inhibitors. xaa improved gluten agglomeration through degradation of we-ax and concomitant red ... | 2003 | 14640581 |
| construction of a genetically modified wine yeast strain expressing the aspergillus aculeatus rhaa gene, encoding an alpha-l-rhamnosidase of enological interest. | the aspergillus aculeatus rhaa gene encoding an alpha-l-rhamnosidase has been expressed in both laboratory and industrial wine yeast strains. wines produced in microvinifications, conducted using a combination of the genetically modified industrial strain expressing rhaa and another strain expressing a beta-glucosidase, show increased content mainly of the aromatic compound linalool. | 2003 | 14660415 |
| transformation of aspergillus aculeatus using the drug resistance gene of aspergillus oryzae and the pyrg gene of aspergillus nidulans. | transformation systems for aspergillus aculeatus has been developed, based on the use of the pyrithiamine resistance gene of aspergillus oryzae and the orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase gene (pyrg) of aspergillus nidulans. an a. aculeatus mutant which can be transformed effectively by the a. nidulans pyrg gene was isolated as a transformation host. this is the first report of transformation of a. aculeatus. | 2003 | 14730150 |
| synergistic saccharification, and direct fermentation to ethanol, of amorphous cellulose by use of an engineered yeast strain codisplaying three types of cellulolytic enzyme. | a whole-cell biocatalyst with the ability to induce synergistic and sequential cellulose-degradation reaction was constructed through codisplay of three types of cellulolytic enzyme on the cell surface of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. when a cell surface display system based on alpha-agglutinin was used, trichoderma reesei endoglucanase ii and cellobiohydrolase ii and aspergillus aculeatus beta-glucosidase 1 were simultaneously codisplayed as individual fusion proteins with the c-terminal- ... | 2004 | 14766607 |
| crystal packing in two ph-dependent crystal forms of rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase. | the glycoprotein rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase from aspergillus aculeatus has been crystallized in two crystal forms, an orthorhombic and a trigonal crystal form. in the orthorhombic crystal form, the covalently bound carbohydrate at one of the two n-glycosylation sites is involved in crystal contacts. the orthorhombic crystal form was obtained at ph 5.0 and the trigonal crystal form at ph 4.5. in one case, the two crystal forms were found in the same drop at ph 4.7. the differences in cryst ... | 2004 | 14993671 |
| computer modeling of the rhamnogalacturonase-"hairy" pectin complex. | the structure of a pectin-bound complex of rhamnogalacturonase was modeled to identify the amino acid residues involved in catalysis and substrate binding. the "hairy" region of pectin, represented by six repeating stretches of (1-->4)-d-galacturonate-(1-->2)-l-rhamnose dimer, was flexibly docked into the putative binding site of rhamnogalacturonase from aspergillus aculeatus whose x-ray structure is known. a search of the complex configurational space was performed using autodock for the dimeri ... | 2004 | 14997537 |
| rhamnogalacturonan lyase reveals a unique three-domain modular structure for polysaccharide lyase family 4. | rhamnogalacturonan lyase (rg-lyase) specifically recognizes and cleaves alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds between l-rhamnose and d-galacturonic acids in the backbone of rhamnogalacturonan-i, a major component of the plant cell wall polysaccharide, pectin. the three-dimensional structure of rg-lyase from aspergillus aculeatus has been determined to 1.5 a resolution representing the first known structure from polysaccharide lyase family 4 and of an enzyme with this catalytic specificity. the 508-amino ac ... | 2004 | 15135077 |
| a comparison of three xylanases on the nutritive value of two wheats for broiler chickens. | three xylanase products, xylanase a derived from thermomyces lanuginosus, xylanase b from humicola insolens and xylanase c from aspergillus aculeatus, were examined for their effects on the nutritive value of wheat. the study investigated the effects of enzyme addition to broiler diets based on a low-metabolisable-energy (me) wheat and a normal-me wheat, with the emphasis on changes in composition of the nsp along the digestive tract in broiler chickens. there were significant (p<0.01) enzyme an ... | 2004 | 15230987 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray studies of rhamnogalacturonase a from aspergillus aculeatus. | recombinant rhamnogalacturonase a from aspergillus aculeatus has been crystallized and x-ray diffraction data has been collected. crystals were grown by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion technique, under the conditions 10% peg 8000, 0.05 m kh(2)po(4) and 0.1 m sodium acetate buffered at ph 3.5. the crystals diffract beyond 2.0 a resolution and belong to one of the orthorhombic space groups i2(1)2(1)2(1) or i222, with the unit-cell parameters a = 62.9, b = 125.4 and c = 137.0 a. there is one mole ... | 1997 | 15299976 |
| the structure of endo-beta-1,4-galactanase from bacillus licheniformis in complex with two oligosaccharide products. | the beta-1,4-galactanase from bacillus licheniformis (blgal) is a plant cell-wall-degrading enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of beta-1,4-galactan in the hairy regions of pectin. the crystal structure of blgal was determined by molecular replacement both alone and in complex with the products galactobiose and galactotriose, catching a first crystallographic glimpse of fragments of beta-1,4-galactan. as expected for an enzyme belonging to gh-53, the blgal structure reveals a (betaalpha)(8)-barrel ... | 2004 | 15312766 |
| production of bioavailable flavonoid glucosides in fruit juices and green tea by use of fungal alpha-l-rhamnosidases. | flavonoid glucosides have been reported to be more bioavailable than their rutinoside counterparts. the aim of this study is to describe a first step in the use of alpha-l-rhamnosidases (rhaa and rhab) from aspergillus aculeatus as a way to produce functional beverages based on their potentially increased flavonoid bioavailability. blackcurrant juice (bcj), orange juice (oj), and green tea infusion (gt) were incubated with either rhaa or rhab at 30 degrees c for 10 h. aliquots of controls and en ... | 2004 | 15453678 |
| dna-based characterization of ochratoxin-a-producing and non-producing aspergillus carbonarius strains from grapes. | using molecular methods, a total of 189 strains of black aspergilli, including aspergillus carbonarius and uniseriate species (aspergillus aculeatus, aspergillus japonicus), were studied in order to characterize species responsible for ochratoxin a (ota) contamination of grapes from europe and israel. sixty-six strains were morphologically identified as belonging to the uniseriate species and 123 as a. carbonarius. none of the uniseriate species were able to produce ota. from the a. carbonarius ... | 2005 | 15808942 |
| purification and characterization of a xip-type endoxylanase inhibitor from rice (oryza sativa). | a rice xip-type inhibitor was purified by affinity chromatography with an immobilized aspergillus aculeatus family 10 endoxylanase. rice xip is a monomeric protein, with a molecular mass of ca. 32 kda and a pi of ca. 5.6. its n-terminal amino acid sequence was identical to that of a rice chitinase homologue, demonstrating the difficulty when using sequence information to differentiate between endoxylanase inhibitors and (putative) chitinases in rice. rice xip inhibited different endoxylanases to ... | 2005 | 15895691 |
| the in situ observation of the temperature and pressure stability of recombinant aspergillus aculeatus pectin methylesterase with fourier transform ir spectroscopy reveals an unusual pressure stability of beta-helices. | the stability of recombinant aspergillus aculeatus pme (pectin methylesterase), an enzyme with high beta-helix content, was studied as a function of pressure and temperature. the conformational stability was monitored using ftir (fourier transform ir) spectroscopy whereas the functional enzyme stability was monitored by inactivation studies. protein unfolding followed by amorphous aggregation, which makes the process irreversible, was observed at temperatures above 50 degrees c. this could be co ... | 2005 | 16050809 |
| enzymic degradability of hull-less barley flour alkali-solubilized arabinoxylan fractions by endoxylanases. | the impacts of the arabinose to xylose (a/x) ratio of arabinoxylans (ax) and the endoxylanase substrate specificity on the enzymic degradability of hull-less barley flour ax by endoxylanases were studied by using alkali-solubilized ax (as-ax) fractions with different a/x ratio, on the one hand, and glycoside hydrolase family 10 and 11 endoxylanases of aspergillus aculeatus (xaa) and bacillus subtilis (xbs), respectively, on the other hand. as-ax were obtained by saturated barium hydroxide treatm ... | 2005 | 16131137 |
| bifidobacterium longum endogalactanase liberates galactotriose from type i galactans. | a putative endogalactanase gene classified into glycoside hydrolase family 53 was revealed from the genome sequence of bifidobacterium longum strain ncc2705 (schell et al., proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 99:14422-14427, 2002). since only a few endo-acting enzymes from bifidobacteria have been described, we have cloned this gene and characterized the enzyme in detail. the deduced amino acid sequence suggested that this enzyme was located extracellularly and anchored to the cell membrane. gala was clo ... | 2005 | 16151143 |