| [study of serologic cross reactions between the antigens of paracoccidioides brasiliensis and histoplasma capsulatum]. | a comparative study of serologic cross-reactions between histoplasmosis and paracoccidioidomycosis was carried out using complement fixation (cf) and agar gel immunodiffusion (id) tests. sera from 77 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, 38 with histoplasmosis and 50 healthy individuals were studied. the pan american health organization microtiter cf test and the hupper id technique were employed. the antigens were prepared by the method of ajello as modified by negroni. paracoccidioidin cf test ... | 1976 | 63979 |
| comparative immunochemical studies of different antigens of deep mycosis pathogens. | the disintegration of cells of coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis and candida albicans by ultrasonical treatment, repeated freezing-thawing or mechanical methods permitted to obtain antigens with a high protein content. the treatment of these fungal cells with beta-naphthol, ethanol, glycerine or alkali makes it possible to isolate antigens containing mainly polysaccharides. the studied antigens turned out to be complex compounds. proteins, glycoproteins, nucl ... | 1978 | 79329 |
| [selection of the complete and minimal nutrient media for culturing histoplasma capsulatum]. | | 1979 | 86648 |
| [the value of the immunodiffusion test in the diagnosis of animal histoplasmosis]. | a serological study which involved the agar gel immunodiffusion test of 11316 animal serum samples (porcine, bovine, equine and ovine cattles) was made in the havana province in an attempt to detect precipitation bands for histoplasma capsulatum. 135 porcine serum samples and 4 bovine serum samples were positive. | 1977 | 98818 |
| preparation of reference antisera for laboratory diagnosis of blastomycosis. | antiserum was prepared in rabbits against the a antigen and a new antigen (labeled the d antigen) of yeast-phase cells of blastomyces dermatitidis by using immunoelectrophoretic precipitin arcs as vaccine. the antiserum can be used as a reference serum in the immunodiffusion test for identyfying antibodies to the a antigen in sera from patients thought to have blastomycosis. antibodies to the d antigen have not yet been found in human sera. the rabbit antiserum that was absorbed with histoplasma ... | 1979 | 115894 |
| regulation of dimorphism in the pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1977 | 193033 |
| characterization of antigens from type a and b yeast cells of histoplasma capsulatum. | the antigenic composition of cytoplasmic extract and culture filtrate antigens of type a and b yeast cells of histoplasma capsulatum grown in a synthetic medium was studied. these preparations from type a and b yeast cells contained varying amounts of protein, carbohydrates, and protein-carbohydrate complexes. the antigenic analysis of these preparations was performed by antigen-antiserum absorption with subsequent immunodiffusion and cross-immunoelectrophoresis with absorption in situ in an int ... | 1977 | 193788 |
| cellular immune responses in guinea pigs immunized with cell walls of histoplasma capsulatum prepared by several different procedures. | since guinea pigs immunized with water-washed cell walls of histoplasma capsulatum developed cellular immune responses detectable with cytoplasmic substances, attempts were made to determine whether cytoplasmic contamination of the walls was responsible for the induction of the immune response. cell walls were treated by several procedures designed to remove possible contamination, namely, extraction with lipid solvents, incubation with proteolytic enzymes, and washing with sodium dodecyl sulfat ... | 1977 | 326673 |
| a rapid radiometric technique used to trap and quantitate 14co2 evolved by slow-growing microorganisms. | an apparatus to trap and quantitate 14co2 is described. when used to measure antibiotic effects on histoplasma capsulatum and mycobacterium bovis (bcg), there was an inverse quantitative relationship between 14co2 evolved and antibiotic concentration. the technique should prove useful for analyses that require trapping and quantitation of 14co2, including antimicrobial sensitivities of slow-growing organisms. | 1978 | 350366 |
| inhibition of histoplasma capsulatum ribonucleic acid polymerases by homologous and heterologous ribonucleic acid. | the ribonucleic acid (rna) polymerases from the yeast phase of histoplasma capsulatum are differentially sensitive to rna isolated from the yeast and mycelial phases of this fungus and from escherichia coli. low-molecular-weight rna from h. capsulatum was the most effective inhibitor. | 1977 | 324986 |
| subcutaneous nodules caused by histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1977 | 322564 |
| immunologic studies of patients with histoplasmosis. | immunologic responses of patients with active histoplasmosis (group i) were compared to the responses of healthy persons with positive histoplasmin skin-test reactions (group ii), and to those of healthy persons with negative histoplasmin skin-test reactions (group iii). cellular immune responses were significantly depressed in patients. seven (54 per cent) of 13 patients failed to respond to histoplasmin skin testing, and two (15 per cent) failed to respond to skin-test antigens unrelated to hi ... | 1979 | 313727 |
| significance of thymus-derived lymphocytes in immunity elicited by immunization with ribosomes or live yeast cells of histoplasma capsulatum. | the lymphoid cells responsible for protective immunity to histoplasmosis were characterized. adoptive transfer of spleen and peritoneal cells treated with antiserum to theta-antigen from mice immunized with ribosomes or live yeast cells of histoplasma capsulatum abrogated the ability of these cells to protect the syngeneic recipients, whereas treatment of lymphoid cells with antiserum to igg did not affect the immunity. prior removal of glass-adhering cells from spleen and peritoneal cell suspen ... | 1978 | 309495 |
| comparative study of the effect of thiabendazole and fungizone on histoplasma capsulatum in macrophages. | the antifungal properties of fungizone (amphotericin b intravenous solution) and thiabendazole on histoplasma capsulatum within guinea pig macrophages were compared using the staining method and a newly developed plating method to determine the viability of intracellular h. capsulatum. the two methods were compared to determine the effectiveness of fungizone and thiabendazole on h. capsulatum within macrophages. fungizone was fungicidal for intracellular h. capsulatum, killing 99.9% of the yeast ... | 1979 | 394369 |
| histoplasma capsulatum as a cause of ilecolitis. | | 1977 | 403811 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infection in nude mice. | congenitally athymic nude (nu/nu) mice, when injected intraperitoneally with histoplasma capsulatum, developed a rapidly fatal disseminated infection characterized by heavy parasitization of reticuloendothelial tissues. in contrast, their heterozygous (nu/x) littermates, which possessed a functioning thymus, developed only a low-grade infection which was apparently self-limited and rarely fatal. transplantation of thymic tissue into nu/nu mice diminished greatly the severity of infection and red ... | 1978 | 309438 |
| oral african histoplasmosis resembling burkitt's lymphoma. | an african type of histoplasmosis with oral involvement has been described. it differs from the histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum. this article discusses the clinicopathologic differences and describes a case seen in nigeria in which the patient had an oral lesion resembling burkitt's lymphoma but also had disseminated lesions. the treatment is discussed. | 1978 | 278937 |
| [immunology of histoplasmosis: isolation of a polysaccharide-protein complex with immuno-specific activity from histoplasma capsulatum]. | a polysaccharide protein complex (ppc) with a high specificity in immunodiffusion in gel (idg) was isolated from a histoplasma capsulatum strain. although unaffected by proteolytic enzymes (pronase) and heat, the ppc antigen activity was destroyed by beta-glucosidase. these results suggest that the specificity of the ppc antigen might be located in the polysaccharide fraction. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the ppc antigen gave only one brand detected by schiff's reagent (pas). | 1977 | 410378 |
| cystine reductase in the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. | organo-sulfur compounds favor the transition of mycelia of histoplasma capsulatum to the yeast form (6, 8). investigation of the role of cystine in the transition revealed that the two phases concentrated this amino acid at comparable rates and that mutants defective in the uptake of cystine were still able to undergo the transition normally. uptake of cystine is therefore probably not a requirement for transition to or maintenance of the yeast phase. both phases contained a reduced nicotinamide ... | 1978 | 211119 |
| pulmonary infection with capsule-deficient cryptococcus neoformans. | a case of bilateral lobar pneumonia due to crytococcus neoformans is presented. the capsule-deficient fungal organisms within tissue were suggestive of histoplasma capsulatum. cultures grew cryptococcus neoformans and there was cryptococcal antigen in the serum. pulmonary cryptococcosis and the occurrence of unencapsulated cryptococci are reviewed. the important role both culture and the latex agglutination test for cryptococcal antigen play in the differential diagnosis of systemic fungal infec ... | 1979 | 157594 |
| experiments on lymphocyte-mediated cellular immunity in murine histoplasmosis. | peritoneal exudate cells from immunized mice inhibit the intracellular growth of histoplasma capsulatum. the lymphocyte is the mediator cell of this phenomenon. lymphocytes from immunized animals are highly activated cells. supernatants from cultures of immune lymphocytes or from cultures of mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes did not arm macrophages from normal animals to inhibit the intracellular growth of h. capsulatum. | 1977 | 141423 |
| antifungal agents. 4. chemical modification of antibiotics from polyangium cellulosum var. fulvum. ester and amide analogues of ambruticin. | a series of ester and amide analogues of ambruticin (1) was prepared. the analogues were tested against histoplasma capsulatum, microsporum fulvum, candida albicans and streptococcus pyogenes. structure-activity relationships are described. | 1979 | 114661 |
| antifungal agents. 5. chemical modification of antibiotics from polyangium cellulosum var. fulvum. alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, and oxime analogues of ambruticin. | alcohol, ketone, aldehyde, and oxime analogues of ambruticin (1) were prepared. the analogues were tested against histoplasma capsulatum, microsporum fulvum, candida albicans, and streptococcus pyogenes. structure-activity relationships are described. increasing the bulk of substituent at c1 and c5 reduces antifungal activity. | 1979 | 114657 |
| evaluation of purified h and m antigens of histoplasmin as reagents in the complement fixation test. | complement-fixation (cf) tests were performed with purified h and m antigens, histoplasmin, and histoplasma capsulatum whole cell yeast phase antigen using sera of 126 patients with proven or suspected histoplasmosis. specific titers for either h or for m antibody were obtained with the individual purified antigens; the highest titers were comparable to those obtained with histoplasmin. however, in sera containing only anti-m antibody, the titers obtained with the purified m antigen were 2 to 16 ... | 1978 | 109929 |
| improved version of the exoantigen test for identification of coccidioides immitis and histoplasma capsulatum cultures. | a rapid and simple method for extracting specific cell-free antigens of coccidioides immitis and histoplasma capsulatum from agar slant cultures was developed. the extracts were analyzed in immunodiffusion tests for the presence of c. immitis or h. capsulatum specific antigens. these extracts were compared with culture filtrates of brain heart infusion broth subcultures in tests with 32 isolates of c. immitis and h. capsulatum and 13 other fungi which might be morphologically confused with them. ... | 1978 | 97310 |
| uptake of l-proline by histoplasma capsulatum. | the uptake and incorporation of l-proline by yeast cells of the dimorphic zoopathogen histoplasma capsulatum were studied. the amino acid was assimilated in at least two ways: by an active transport system with a km of 1.7 x 10(-5) m and by simple diffusion. the active transport system was sterospecific and severely restricted to neutral aliphatic side-chain amino acids. certain analogues inhibited l-proline uptake and prevented incorporation of the amino acid into cellular constituents. the inh ... | 1976 | 61063 |
| positive controls for fungal detection in tissue sections. | lyophilized histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides immitis, blastomyces dermatitidis and aspergillus fumigatus are rehydrated, evenly dispersed, and made into smears using a bacteriological loop and alcohol-cleaned slides. smears are air dried for 15 minutes, fixed in concentrated formaldehyde fumes for 30 minutes, postfixed for one hour in ten per cent buffered formaldehyde, and stored at room temperature. these preparations are used as positive controls for the grocott stain as recommended for c ... | 1976 | 60881 |
| histoplasmosis with cutaneous nodules and oral granuloma caused by histoplasma capsulatum in a bengalee. | | 1979 | 447380 |
| specific immunological test for the rapid identification of members of the genus histoplasma. | a sensitive and specific immunological method was developed for rapid identification of the mycelial forms of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum, h. capsulatum var. duboisii, and h. farciminosum and for separation of these pathogenic fungi from morphologically similar hyphomycetes and other fungal pathogens. this method is based on the fact that all of the histoplasma spp. produce h and m histoplasmin antigens, whereas the other fungi do not. inocula consisting of heavy mycelial growth from ... | 1976 | 56339 |
| immunochemical studies on burro antibodies to histoplasma capsulatum. | burro antiserum to histoplasma capsulatum was studied from the viewpoint of precipitating antibody distribution among euglobulins, pseudoglobulins, and immunoglobulin classes. by immunodiffusion analysis it was determined that throughout immunization most of the antibody was euglobular, but there was an increase in pseudoglobular antibody as immunization progressed. by immunoelectrophoretic and immunodiffusion analyses of specifically purified antibody, and antibody non-specifically fractionated ... | 1975 | 46177 |
| isolation of histoplasma capsulatum from soil in the aguas buenos caves, aguas buenos, puerto rico. i. an ecological approach. | only one out of 19 soil sampling sites chosen for isolation of h. capsulatum studies yielded positive results. the stations were located in cueva oscura, which is part of the aguas buenas caves system. the habitat characteristics of these station are believed to be responsible for the presence of the fungus. | 1977 | 17069 |
| the efficacies of common dyes in primary isolation media for recovery of pathogenic fungi. | dyes incorporated into a basal medium of brain heart infusion, sabhi, tryptic soy, or yeast extract--pepton--glucose (yxpg) agar for selective isolation of fungi were investigated. dilutions of 1:500, 1:750, 1:1,000, 1:5,000, and 1:10,000 of 33 common dyes were tested against 11 gram-positive and 16 gram-negative bacteria. in addition, these dyes were tested against cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and the dimorphic phases of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis. twenty- ... | 1979 | 389033 |
| prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1979 | 480564 |
| inhibition of amino acid uptake and incorporation into histoplasma capsulatum by a lysosomal extract from rabbit alveolar macrophages. | | 1979 | 490508 |
| aspects of physiology of histoplasma capsulatum. (a review). | | 1979 | 377084 |
| migration inhibition factor study in histoplasma capsulatum. | mice sublethally infected with viable histoplasma capsulatum or immunized with merthiolate-killed yeast phase cells showed decreased mortality on subsequent challenge infection as compared to controls. migration inhibition (mi) assays using peritoneal and spleen cells from immunized but unchallenged mice showed no parallel correlation with percent mortality. mi assay indices fluctuated without concomitant changes in resistance to challenge injection with live yeast phase cells. viable vaccines i ... | 1978 | 362217 |
| histoplasmosis in immunosuppressed patients. | infection with histoplasma capsulatum in 58 patients whose immune responses were suppressed (immunosuppressed patients) (16 from the present series and 42 described previously) was analyzed. the most common underlying diseases were hodgkin's disease (29 per cent), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (19 per cent) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (17 per cent). sixty-three per cent of the patients had received cytotoxic drugs, and 57 per cent had taken corticosteroids. widely disseminated infection occurr ... | 1978 | 350045 |
| immune responses in bats following intranasal infection with histoplasma capsulatum. | groups of bats (artibeus lituratus) were infected by the intranasal instillation of a suspension of mycelia and spore particles of histoplasma capsulatum containing either 10(4) or 10(6) viable units. bats infected with the high dose had viable h. capsulatum in the lungs, liver, spleen and gut as early as 2 weeks post-infection. complement-fixing antibodies to the organism were detectable 3 weeks after infection, whereas precipitating antibodies were not persent until 5 weeks. significantly dela ... | 1979 | 507280 |
| a32390a, a new biologically active metabolite. iii. in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity. | a32390a, an isonitrile-containing derivative of mannitol, represents a new class of antifungal antibiotics. in vitro antifungal activity of a32390a was found against candida albicans, cryptococcus neoformans and histoplasma capsulatum. in vivo antifungal activity of a32390a was demonstrated in mice infected with c. albicans. accumulative doses of 37.5 approximately 600 mg/kg, administered subcutaneously over a 24-hour period, showed significant activity without demonstrating toxicity. a32390a wa ... | 1978 | 342474 |
| the effect of freezing and the influence of isolation medium on the recovery of pathogenic fungi from sputum. | the primary objective of this study was to determine whether freezing sputa in dry ice had any effect on the recovery of pathogenic fungi. sputa seeded with each of five fungi (histoplasma capsulatum, blastomyces dermatitidis, cryptococus neoformans, coccidioides immitis, and aspergillus fumigatus) were frozen and stored for 24, 48, and 72 hours on dry ice. h. capsulatum was killed, and only a few colonies of b. dermatitidis and c. neoformans were isolated from these sputa. however, a. fumigatus ... | 1977 | 335251 |
| histoplasmosis mimicking childhood non-hodgkin lymphoma. | cell surface markers are becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoid diseases. we present a case of pulmonary histoplasmosis with a pleural effusion. the differential diagnosis included non-hodgkin lymphoma because the pleural fluid cells were cytologically identical to convoluted lymphoblasts; the cells also formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees c, suggesting that they were malignant thymus-derived lymphoblasts. since cultures of pleural fluid were neg ... | 1979 | 522825 |
| biologically oriented organic sulfur chemistry. 15. organic disulfides and related substances. 41. inhibition of the fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum by some organic disulfides. | in an extension of promising inhibitory results in vitro against histoplasma capsulatum, correlated earlier using substituent constants developed by regression analysis with 77 disulfides, one symmetrical and 14 unsymmetrical disulfides were prepared (3--17). about half were active in vitro against h. capsulatum (and one against candida albicans). groups that seemed most to lead to promising inhibition among the unsymmetrical disulfides were o-ho2cc6h4, (ch2)4so2na, me2nc(s), p-clc6h4, and perha ... | 1977 | 330858 |
| merthiolate treatment of pathogenic fungi. | the action of merthiolate on the pathogenic yeasts blastomyces, dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum, and sporothrix schenckii was compared to the effect of treatment with formaldehyde. concentrations of 1:10,000 and 1:5,000 merthiolate for three exposure times (24, 48, and 72 h) at 4 and 25 degrees c were tested on three media (brain heart infusion with and without blood, and modified sabouraud agar). the effect of merthiolate on these three yeasts was primarily fungistatic, with maximum effect ... | 1979 | 389944 |
| the isolation of histoplasma capsulatum, cryptococcus neoformans and blastomyces dermatitidis from the same natural site. | | 1979 | 394361 |
| disciform detachment of the macula. i. juvenile haemorrhagic macular choroidopathy. | the clinical findings in six patients with juvenile haemorrhagic macular choroidopathy are described. there was no evidence of infection with histoplasma capsulatum. the history, clinical features and course of the disease suggested that at least in some cases intravascular coagulation in the central choriocapillaris may form the choroidopathy inducing the disciform detachment of the macula. oral corticosteroids could not prevent progression of the lesion which had a poor visual outcome. in one ... | 1977 | 577365 |
| overwhelming opportunistic histoplasmosis. | a patient with chronic granulocytic leukemia developed overwhelming histoplasmosis. during massive fungemia, 59% of peripheral blood neutrophils contained yeast forms. disseminated intravascular coagulation occurred. histoplasma capsulatum was isolated not only from the patient's tissues and urine, but also from a serum sample submitted to a reference laboratory for serological testing. the microorganism was demonstrated by specific immunofluorescent staining of peripheral blood films. we sugges ... | 1979 | 394363 |
| histoplasma meningitis with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. | histoplasma meningitis (hm) has been reported to occur primarily in association with disseminated histoplasmosis (dh). we report a case of histoplasma meningitis occurring in a patient with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia (cvh) in which no manifestations of dh were observed. l. l., a 66-year-old caucasian male, clerical worker, developed occasional episodes of dizziness and tinnitus in mid-1971. during 1972, increasing frequency of these episodes and gradually progressive confusion were no ... | 1977 | 616543 |
| antigenic, chemical, and structural properties of cell walls of histoplasma capsulatum yeast-form chemotypes 1 and 2 after serial enzymatic hydrolysis. | cell walls of histoplasma capsulatum yeast-form chemotypes 1 (chem 1) and 2 (chem 2) treated sequentially with several polysaccharolytic enzymes and pronase yielded soluble, nondialyzable polysaccharides at each step, which were analyzed for monosaccharides, protein composition, and serological activity. polysaccharide recovered after digestion of chem 1 walls with beta(1-->3)-glucanase contained glucose > mannose > glucosamine > galactose. this fraction (chem 1 betag(1)) was analyzed by polyacr ... | 1977 | 405328 |
| characterization of a novel ribonucleotide-polymerizing enzyme from a fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1977 | 405391 |
| solid-phase competitive-binding radioimmunoassay for detecting antibody to the m antigen of histoplasmin. | a radioimmunoassay (ria) was designed and compared with complement fixation and immunodiffusion tests for their relative ability to detect antibodies in sera of histoplasmosis patients. m antigen, purified from histoplasmin, was fixed to microtiter wells as the solid phase, and specific rabbit 125i-labeled anti-m globulin was the source of indicator antibodies. the optimal concentrations for the competitive-binding assay were 1.6 ng per well for m antigen and 650 ng per well for the 125i-labeled ... | 1977 | 412861 |
| interactions between human granulocytes and blastomyces dermatitidis. | we studied interactions in vitro between human granulocytes and the yeast-like form of blastomyces dermatitidis, because granulocytes are prominent in the host response to systemic blastomycosis. in boyden chamber assays, broth culture filtrates of b. dermatitidis contained levels of granulocyte chemotactic activity that were significantly higher than those present in similar culture filtrates of histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans, two fungi that characteristically do not elicit ... | 1979 | 422234 |
| common antigens among systemic disease fungi analyzed by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. | the interpretation of immunological results in systemic mycoses has been complicated by cross-reactions among specimens from patients with blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, and histoplasmosis. the fungal preparations used in these tests evidently contained one or more antigens in common. two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis techniques were used to determine the number of antigens contained in several soluble extracts from blastomyces dermatitidis and histoplasma capsulatum that were common wit ... | 1979 | 422249 |
| malabsorption syndrome occurring in the course of disseminated histoplasmosis: case report and review of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis is caused by the dimorphic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. the disease spectrum varies from a mild respiratory infection to a lethal, disseminated form. involvement of any part of the gastrointestinal tract may occur with the disseminated form, and symptoms reflect that portion involved. a case of malabsorption syndrome occurring during the course of disseminated histoplasmosis is reported, and the literature of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis is reviewed. | 1979 | 425973 |
| lymphocyte stimulation by yeast phase histoplasma capsulatum in presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. | we measured skin reactions serum antibody, and lymphocyte stimulation to histoplasma antigens in a series of patients with presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome and in controls. the most sensitive test, lymphocyte stimulation to h. capsulatum sonicate, also correlated with severity of the disease. lymphocyte stimulation to histoplasma may be a useful adjunct to the monitoring of presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. | 1979 | 434090 |
| respiration in the yeast and mycelial phases of histoplasma capsulatum. | respiration in the yeast and mycelial phases of histoplasma capsulatum proceeds via a cytochrome system and an alternate oxidase, both present constitutively. the mycelial cytochrome system is distinguished by an additional partial shunt around the antimycin-sensitive site. | 1979 | 438138 |
| in vitro and in vivo studies of ambruticin (w7783): new class of antifungal antibiotics. | ambruticin is a cyclopropyl-pyran acid, representing a new class of antibiotics. it has a relatively broad antifungal spectrum in vitro and is highly active against dimorphic as well as filamentous organisms. of 24 strains of dermatophytic fungi tested, the majority were susceptible to ambruticin at 0.049 mug/ml or less. the minimal inhibitory concentration for the systemic fungi histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis was 0.049 to 0.39 mug/ml. ambruticin is fungicidal for metabolizi ... | 1978 | 666301 |
| cysteine biosynthesis in a fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. | we have analyzed a step in cysteine biosynthesis in several strains of the pathogenic dimorphic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. mycelial cells of all strains tested are prototrophic. however, the yeast phase cells of most stains do not grow in the absence of -sh-containing compounds due to the apparent lack of an active form of sulfite reductase, a crucial enzyme in the cysteine biosynthetic pathway. in contrast, the yeast phase cells of one strain (downs) have been found to have an active sulfi ... | 1979 | 441900 |
| histoplasmosis in south carolina: support for the microfocus concept. | an outbreak of anthropurgic histoplasmosis occurred in rural south carolina when a canebrake which served as a blackbird roost was cleared with a bulldozer. seven days later the index patient became ill with histoplasmosis. nine other patients contracted the disease, but only the index case was fatal. serologic studies on the 10 patients demonstrated high titers in the histoplasmin latex agglutination test within two to three weeks after exposure. serologic titers to the yeast-form histoplasma c ... | 1979 | 443245 |
| comparison of the in vitro antifungal activities of miconazole and a new imidazole, r41,400. | r41,400 is a recently synthesized, water-soluble imidazole. its antifungal properties were compared in vitro with those of miconazole using an agar dilution procedure and 175 isolates of human fungal pathogens. the filamentous forms of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis were inhibited by less than or equal to 2 microgram of either drug/ml; coccidioides immitis was inhibited by less than or equal to 0.5 microgram of r41,400/ml. among the yeasts tested, cryptococcus neoformans and ... | 1978 | 681800 |
| histoplasmosis and lennert's lymphoma. | histoplasma capsulatum was cultured from splenic tissue obtained at diagnostic laparotomy in a patient with "lennert's lymphoma." the patient had no clinical features suggesting histoplasmosis, and the organism was not seen on histologic specimens. it is suggested that mycologic cultures as well as histopathological examinations of surgical specimens be performed routinely in immunologically compromised individuals. | 1979 | 443957 |
| an outbreak of histoplasmosis at an arkansas courthouse with five cases of probable reinfection. | an outbreak of histoplasmosis occurred at a county courthouse in arkansas in july, 1975. fifty cases were identified by symptoms and positive complement fixation (cf) tests and 18 others by the clinical findings alone. only three positive cf tests (greater than or equal to 1:8) were found in a control group of 55 unexposed persons of the same age. the attack rate for 84 courthouse employees was 52%. histoplasma capsulatum was isolated from the sputum of two cases, and from bird droppings which h ... | 1978 | 685975 |
| enlarging histoplasmomas following treatment of meningitis due to histoplasma capsulatum case report. | this report describes a case in which an intracranial histoplasmoma was successfully treated with surgical removal and amphotericin b. this is the third reported case of its kind. the authors discuss problems of preoperative diagnosis in a patient with depressed cell-mediated immunity, and no evidence of extracerebral dissemination. | 1979 | 448434 |
| [observation of a pulmonary histoplasmosis with histoplasma capsulatum (author's transl)]. | from an observation of pulmonary histoplasmosis with histoplasma capsulatum in a haiti woman living in france for 2 years, the authors recall the mycological and epidemiological data of this fungus as well as the main clinical radiological and biological signs of the disease. because of its tendancy to dissemination, histoplasmosis can have a bad prognosis. it is difficult to diagnose in our countries and facing a chronic pulmonary form, a diagnosis of tuberculosis is often thought of. but its p ... | 1979 | 493211 |
| trephine biopsy of the bone marrow in disseminated histoplasmosis. | twenty-two patients had bone marrow aspirates for culture and marrow trephine biopsies for histologic examination during the evaluation of an illness eventually proved to be disseminated histoplasmosis. these procedures provided evidence of involvement of the bone marrow with histoplasma capsulatum in 19 cases. fungi were demonstrated in trephine biopsy sections in 15 of the patients, permitting a rapid specific diagnosis. three patterns of bone marrow morphology were observed; each reflected a ... | 1979 | 495631 |
| in vitro comparison of the antifungal activities of r34,000, miconazole and amphotericin b. | in vitro susceptibilities of 78 isolates of pathogenic filamentous fungi to the imidazole compounds r34,000 and miconazole and to amphotericin b were determined using an agar dilution technique. allescheria boydii, sporothrix schenckii and the dematiaceous fungi (cladosporium, fonsecaea and phialophora spp.) were most susceptible to miconazole with minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values ranging from less than or equal to 0.25 to 32 microgram/ml and with geometric mean mic (g-mic) values o ... | 1978 | 699677 |
| cross-reactivity between antigens of coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis in lymphocyte transformation assays. | the cross-reactivity of four coccidioides antigens, three histoplasma antigens, and two blastomyces antigens were determined in lymphocyte transformation assays of 11 coccidioidin-reactive, histoplasmin-nonreactive subjects (group i), 13 coccidioidin-nonreactive, histoplasmin-reactive persons (group ii), and 13 subjects who were skin test negative to both antigens (group iii). mycelial and yeast (or spherule)-phase antigens of the three fungi were included. significant cross-reactivity was obtai ... | 1979 | 500193 |
| experimental chemotherapy of histoplasmosis in nude mice. | nude (nu/nu) mice were infected with histoplasma capsulatum and treated with varying doses of 3 drug regimens: oral ambruticin, intraperitoneal amphotericin b, and amphotericin b plus oral rifampin. therapy with amphotericin b alone was the most effective regimen. high-dose ambruticin (50 mg/kg of body weight every 8 hours) led to significantly prolonged survival compared to that of untreated control animals, but no long-term cures. addition of rifampin produced no benefit and might actually hav ... | 1979 | 507510 |
| characterization of a yeast phase specific protein from a fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. | we have characterized an unusual yeast phase specific protein from histoplasma capsulatum. the protein, which we have called protein 6, is produced by the yeast cells which have been derepressed for sulfite reductase, and it can account for more than 40% of the total extract protein. synthesis of both sulfite reductase and protein 6 is subject to cysteine repression. however, sulfite reductase activity is maximal in logarithmically growing cells whereas protein 6 is synthesized de novo and accum ... | 1979 | 518904 |
| [a case of histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum observed in brazzaville]. | | 1978 | 719828 |
| [study of yeast phase histoplasma capsulatum antigens used for skin tests]. | the results of skin tests with two antigens of the yeast phase of histoplasma capsulatum are presented. both antigens were able to fix complement and form precipitating bands in the presence of sera from patients with active histoplasmosis. their sensitivity was lower than the metabolic antigen usually employed in serology. results of skin tests obtained with both yeast phase antigens and a standard histoplasmin coincided in animals infected with h. capsulatum. only one cross reaction was observ ... | 1979 | 542887 |
| gastrointestinal histoplasmosis. | histoplasma capsulatum involves some part of the gastrointestinal tract in 75% of patients with disseminated disease, but clinically obvious gastrointestinal involvement is infrequent. symptoms include crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea, nasopharyngeal ulcers, and rectal ulcers. granulomatous constrictive lesions may simulate either carcinoma anywhere in the gut or less commonly crohn's disease. we describe a patient and discuss gastrointestinal histoplasmosis. | 1979 | 553099 |
| an epidemic of histoplasmosis on the isthmus of panama. | forty-seven men on the isthmus of panama were exposed to histoplasmosis in an old bunker inhabited by bats. the resulting epidemic was studied with serial clinical, serological, and radiological examinations. thirty-seven (78.7%) of the men showed serological evidence of infection and 26 (70.3%) had symptoms. incubation periods ranged from 4 to 30 days. a general relationship between severity of illness and degree of exposure was noted. the agar gel diffusion test for precipitin antibodies was m ... | 1978 | 565597 |
| mediastinal and cervical histoplasmosis simulating malignancy. | a 12-year-old boy had a purulent mass in the anterior cervical region in association with an anterior mediastinal mass caused by histoplasma capsulatum. the cervical mass probably represented spread of the disease, perhaps along the same pathways followed in hodgkin's disease and other conditions that are known to involve the anterior mediastinum and the anterior cervical nodes simultaneously. an infectious disease (histoplasmosis) can cause a constellation of symptoms suggestive of a lymphoma o ... | 1979 | 760512 |
| inhibition of isolated yeast and mycelial phase rna polymerases of histoplasma capsulatum by rifamycin derivatives. | various derivatives of rifamycin were shown to inhibit the rna polymerases of the yeast and mycelial phases of histoplasma capsulatum. the relative potency of each of the derivatives against the isolated polymerases was the same as the potency of each against the viable organism. rna polymerase pc iii from the yeast phase was more susceptible to the rifamycin derivatives than yeast phase polymerases pc i and pc ii and the biggest differences in susceptibility were seen with the derivative af/abd ... | 1977 | 601661 |
| electron microscopy of yeastlike cell development from the microconidium of histoplasma capsulatum. | fine details of the sequential morphological events occurring during transition of microconidia (spores less than 5 micrometer in diameter) to the yeastlike phase of histoplasma capsulatum as seen in ultrathin section are described and illustrated by electron micrographs. masses of microconidia were obtained when the fungas was grown on a garden soil extract medium. spores were incubated under in vitro environmental conditions conducive for phase transition (an enriched medium at 37 degrees c). ... | 1978 | 618843 |
| [tropic-subtropic fungus infections in germany]. | observations by the author and other workers on exotic mycoses in germany are used in order to establish several groups of patients. the following mycoses from tropical and subtropical areas and their causative agents are mentioned: tinea nigra (cladosporium werneckii), south american blastomycosis (paracoccidioides brasiliensis), coccidioidomycosis (coccidioides immitis), histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum), mycetoma (madurella mycetomi), dermatophytosis/tinea capitis (trichophyton soudanen ... | 1978 | 627480 |
| isolation of aminopeptidases from histoplasma capsulatum. | two aminopeptidases (arylamidases) were isolated and partially purified from histoplasma capsulatum. the larger molecular weight enzyme was a proline iminopeptidase and hydrolyzed primarily a synthetic substrate, l-prolyl-beta-napthylamide. the other aminopeptidase was less substrate specific and hydrolyzed rapidly the following amino acid beta-napthylamides (beta na): l-arginyl-beta na greater than l-lysyl-beta na greater than -l-4-methoxy-leucyl-beta na greater than l-leucyl-beta na greater th ... | 1978 | 635725 |
| tuberculin and histoplasmin sensitivity in six solomon islands populations. | skin testing with antigens from histoplasma capsulatum, mycobacterium tuberculosis (ppd-s), and atypical mycobacteria (ppd-b, ppd-g, ppd-y, and ppd-platy) was carried out among six population groups in the solomon islands between 1968 and 1972. there was no positive reaction to histoplasmin among any of the groups, suggesting that histoplasmosis is not endemic in the solomon islands. there were significant numbers of tuberculin reactors among each group. largest mean reactions to ppd-s were pres ... | 1975 | 808143 |
| the radiological features of histoplasma pericarditis. | the radiographic features of pericarditis due to histoplasma capsulatum are described in 5 children. this diagnosis is suggested when enlargement of the cardiac silhouette is associated with pneumonia, parenchymal nodules or adenopathy. these findings are particularly significant if the patient lives or has lived in an area which is endemic for histoplasmosis. while pleural effusion is rare in primary histoplasmosis, it is frequently present in patients with histoplasma pericarditis. | 1978 | 643367 |
| left atrial myxoma infected with histoplasma capsulatum. | a patient is presented in whom a left atrial myxoma was found to be infected with histoplasma capsulatum. histoplasmosis has not been previously associated with this tumor, nor has any fungus without preceding bacterial endocarditis and long-term antibiotic therapy. the clinical course in foru previously reported cases of bacterially infected myxoma is reviewed. there have been 18 prior cases of histoplasma endocarditis and in two the patients have survived. their clinical presentation and respo ... | 1978 | 645733 |
| central nervous system histoplasmosis with obstructive hydrocephalus. | a case of central nervous system histoplasmosis complicated by obstruction of the fourth ventricle is described. the patient rarely exhibited systemic symtoms of infection despite positive cultures for histoplasma capsulatum from bone marrow, blood and urine. infection recurred despite the administration of a total of 5 g of systemic amphotericin b. an additional course combined with intrathecal amphotericin b was terminated because of transverse myelitis. | 1978 | 645753 |
| histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii in a canadian immigrant. | histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii developed in a canadian immigrant one year after his entry into canada. he had lived in guinea for two years prior to immigration. lymphatic infection characterized the course of his illness. the clinical and pathologic features of this disease's distinctive skin and bone manifestations are outlined. the causal agent's mycologic features are compared with those of h capsulatum var capsulatum. treatment with amphotericin b was successful. | 1978 | 646378 |
| histopathological demonstration of histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1978 | 655258 |
| occurrence of histoplasma capsulatum darling, 1906 in israel, with a review of the current status of histoplasmosis in the middle east. | the isolation of histoplasma capsulatum from a bat cave in the galilee region of israel is reported along with the discovery of a bat (myotis myotis) infected by h. capsulatum. soils collected in avian and chiropteran habitats throughout israel also yielded the following fungi of medical interest: arthroderma quadrifidum, a. tuberculatum, candida parapsilosis, chrysosporium indicum, c. keratinophilum, c. tropicum, cryptococcus neoformans, ctenomyces serratus, microsporum gypseum, and petriellidi ... | 1977 | 842775 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infection in a metatarsal of a dog. | | 1978 | 670042 |
| histoplasmosis in belize, central america. | after two small outbreaks of histoplasmosis in belize, an epidemiologic survey was carried out. forty percent of 141 persons in two groups tested demonstrated a positive histoplasmin reaction. in one study group there was a significant association between visiting caves and histoplasmin positivity. histoplasma capsulatum was not isolated in 20 soil specimens collected from outbreak-associated caves, but was isolated from 1 of 26 bats collected from the same caves. the presence of histoplasmosis ... | 1978 | 677369 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in corticosteroid-treated patients. report of five cases. | although histoplasma capsulatum is not generally considered an opportunistic organism, we have seen five corticosteroid-treated patients in whom disseminated histoplasmosis (dh) developed. persistent, unexplained fever was the predominant symptom in each. death was directly attributable to dh in four. the interval from onset of symptoms to diagnosis ranged from 11 to 75 days; delay in diagnosis adversely affected prognosis. culture of the bone marrow appears to be the best diagnostic study. the ... | 1978 | 682353 |
| biochemical and serological characteristics of soluble yeast phase antigens of histoplasma capsulatum. | soluble antigens of whole yeast-phase cells were extracted with a 0.1 m phosphate buffer containing 0.1 m sodium chloride and 0.02% iodacetate. after being separated by differential filtration into fractions less than or greater than 50,000 daltons these antigens were purified by molecular sieve and chromatographic separations on ionic exchange resins. two high molecular weight fractions obtained from diethylaminoethyl-cellulose (deae) at ph 8.0 and 7.0 with tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (tr ... | 1979 | 450035 |
| immunoregulatory responses in experimental disseminated histoplasmosis: lymphoid organ histopathology and serological studies. | to study immunoregulatory mechanisms in systemic histoplasmosis, a highly reproducible model of infection was established in c3h/anf mice. intravenous inoculation of 6- to 8-week-old mice with from 5 x 10(5) to 10 x 10(5) cells of yeast-phase histoplasma capsulatum strain g-217b produced disseminated infection that resolved over an 8-week period without therapeutic intervention. serological studies demonstrated complement-fixing antibody production to yeast- and mycelial-phase antigens of h. cap ... | 1979 | 457263 |
| histoplasmosis: clinical syndromes and management. | the fungus histoplasma capsulatum produces a spectrum of disease forms ranging from a benign self-limited illness to progressive disseminated disease with a 50 percent mortality rate. the drug of choice, amphotericin b, must be given intravenously over a prolonged course and carries a high incidence of toxicity. thus, optimal managment of serious forms of histoplasmosis requires considerable clinical judgment. | 1979 | 480392 |
| in vitro studies with ambruticin, a new antifungal antibiotic. | the in vitro antifungal inhibitory activities of ambruticin and of various antifungal drugs of choice against 190 fungal pathogens representative of the major human mycoses were compared using a modification of the ics agar dilution technique. ambruticin compared favorably with amphotericin b and miconazole when tested against the dimorphic pathogens coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum, and blastomyces dermatitidis and against aspergillus fumigatus. miconazole was the most active compou ... | 1978 | 686712 |
| case report of histoplasma capsulatum pulmonary histoplasmosis in a kenyan african. | | 1978 | 710350 |
| delayed hypersensitivity responses of experimental animals to histoplasmin from the yeast and mycelial phases of histoplasma capsulatum. | controlled yeast lysate (cyl) and controlled mycelial lysate (cml) histoplasmins were produced from histoplasma capsulatum grown in a nutritionally lean, chemically defined medium. the lysates were assayed for skin-test activity in guinea pigs sensitized by infection with the homologous organism. in some studies, nonliving vaccine preparations were employed also. inter-lot biological variation was minimal, and 20 lots of the cyl reagent elicited strong dermal reactions with high specificity. fur ... | 1978 | 711329 |
| the prevalence of hla-b7 in presumed ocular histoplasmosis in patients with peripheral atrophic scars. | patients identified in the walkersville, maryland, epidemiologic study of presumed ocular histoplasmosis as having only peripheral atrophic scars showed no increase in frequency of hla-b7 over a control population. because this antigen is increased in patients with a history of active macular or peripapillary lesions, these findings indicate an inherent predisposition in some patients to develop posterior pole lesions after an ocular infection with histoplasma capsulatum. the precise mechanisms ... | 1978 | 717495 |
| uptake of metabolites by germinating blastospores of histoplasma capsulatum. | the uptake of radioactive l-leucine, l-glutamic acid, and guanine was monitored during blastospore germination of histoplasma capsulatum. blastospores of h. capsulatum, grown in salvin's medium at 37 degrees c for 48 h and shifted to 23 degrees c, germinated within 24 h. metabolite uptake was faster in mycelial cells at 23 degrees c than it was in yeast cells at 37 degrees c. during the yeast to mold transition, the initial rate of uptake was first markedly depressed and then increased and achie ... | 1978 | 752190 |
| histoplasma capsulatum: chemical variability of the yeast cell wall. | four strains of histoplasma capsulatum were analyzed to observe any variations in their cell wall composition. strain g-184b produced the same amount of sugars reported by domer (2) although qualitative analyses agreed with kanetsuna's report (4) as far as the presence of glucose, galactose, and mannose was concerned. our results agree with previous reports in classifying h. capsulatum into chemotypes i and ii, the latter having more alpha-glucan in its cell wall. a decrease in the amount of fra ... | 1978 | 752191 |
| [histoplasma capsulatum (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 757817 |
| spherulin skin testing and histoplasmal and coccidioidal serology: lack of effect. | this study demonstrated that the administration of a spherulin skin test to subjects whose skin-test reactions were either positive or negative, at the dose used (usual test strength), did not elicit an antibody response to antigens of coccidioides immitis or histoplasma capsulatum, as determined by standard serologic methods. of 32 subjects, one developed a seroconversion by the latex agglutination test. the data suggested that spherulin can be used clinically as a diagnostic reagent without af ... | 1977 | 931185 |
| in vivo and in virto cellular responses to cytoplasmic and cell wall antigens of histoplasma capsulatum in artificially immunized or infected guinea pigs. | guinea pigs were infected with different doses of yeasts of histoplasma capsulatum or artifically immunized with several concentrations of unextracted yeast cell walls, and then tested in vivo and in vitro for cell-mediated responses to various subcellular fractions of the fungus. three types of cell-mediated responses were measured, viz., skin test activity, production of migration inhibition factor, and lymphocyte transformation. positive cutaneous reactions were elicited in animals immunized ... | 1976 | 773825 |
| colonization of soil by histoplasma capsulatum: ii. effect of bat guano added to an area of reduced colonization. | application of bat guano to an area with reduced but detectable colonization by histoplasma capsulatum had no quantitative effect on the fungus. after seeding the guano treated area and an untreated area with a soil culture of the fungus, a quantitative effect was noted in the treated area but the period of survival did not appear to be extended. twenty-four months after seeding, the fungus was no longer detectable in the study areas and they have remained negative for more than a year. | 1976 | 945251 |