| factors affecting the rate of t-dna transfer from agrobacterium tumefaciens to nicotiana glauca plant cells. | different factors involved in the early steps of the t-dna transfer process were studied by using a beta-glucuronidase gene (gusa) as a reporter in nicotiana glauca leaf disc transformation experiments. the levels of transient expression of the gusa gene in leaf discs infected with several strains or vir mutants correlated well with their virulence phenotype, except for virc mutants. the rate of t-dna transfer was shown to be stimulated in the case of non-oncogenic strains by the co-transfer of ... | 1992 | 1511127 |
| ultrasound studies of the effects of certain poisonous plants on uterine function and fetal development in livestock. | ingestion of locoweed (astragalus spp. and oxytropis spp.) by pregnant livestock may result in fetal malformations, delayed placentation, reduced placental and uterine vascular development, hydrops amnii, hydrops allantois, abnormal cotyledonary development, interruption of fetal fluid balance, and abortion. ultrasonography of pregnant sheep fed locoweed demonstrated that abortion was first preceded by changes in fetal heart rate and strength of contraction and structural changes of the cotyledo ... | 1992 | 1526931 |
| congenital skeletal malformations and cleft palate induced in goats by ingestion of lupinus, conium and nicotiana species. | three piperidine alkaloid containing plants, conium maculatum (poison-hemlock), nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) and lupinus formosus (lunara lupine), induced multiple congenital contractures (mcc) and palatoschisis in goat kids when their dams were gavaged with the plant during gestation days 30-60. the skeletal abnormalities included fixed extension or flexure of the carpal, tarsal, and fetlock joints, scoliosis, lordosis, torticollis and rib cage abnormalities. clinical signs of toxicity inclu ... | 1990 | 2089736 |
| octopine and nopaline strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens differ in virulence; molecular characterization of the virf locus. | octopine and nopaline strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were found to differ in virulence on nicotiana glauca. this difference is due to the absence of a functional virf locus, which is necessary for efficient tumorigenesis on n. glauca, from the nopaline ti plasmids. genetic studies and dna sequence analysis of the virf locus revealed that virf embraces one open reading frame coding for a hydrophilic protein with a molecular mass of 22,437 da. transcription of virf is directed from left to r ... | 1990 | 2101693 |
| restoration of shooty morphology of a nontumorous mutant of nicotiana glauca x n. langsdorffii by cytokinin and the isopentenyltransferase gene. | the shooty morphology of a nontumorous amphidiploid mutant of nicotiana glauca grah. x n. langsdorffii weinm. was restored by cytokinins, whether exogenously applied or endogenously produced by transformation of the mutant with a transfer dna (t-dna) cytokinin-biosynthesis gene (isopentenyltransferase; ipt). auxins alone did not confer this effect. similar transformation was not achieved for the parental species. in the case of transformation with the ipt gene, selection of the transformed tissu ... | 1990 | 2103461 |
| new class of limited-host-range agrobacterium mega-tumor-inducing plasmids lacking homology to the transferred dna of a wide-host-range, tumor-inducing plasmid. | biotype 1 and 2 strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were isolated from crown gall tumors of lippia canescens plants growing as ground cover in arizona. the isolates were agrocin 84 sensitive, did not catabolize octopine, nopaline, agropine, or mannopine, and were limited in their tumorigenic host range. one biotype 2 strain, ab2/73, showed the most limited host range; it incited tumors only on lippia strains, the cucurbit family of plants, and nicotiana glauca. megaplasmids were detected in the ... | 1985 | 4055698 |
| transition from common tobacco mosaic virus to the nicotiana glauca form. | | 1974 | 4833540 |
| teratogenicity and toxicity of wild tree tobacco, nicotiana glauca in sheep. | collections of nicotiana glauca containing from 0.45-1.14 mg anabasine per gram dry weight of plant induced moderate - severe toxic signs in pregnant ewes and teratogenic effects in their offspring when the ewes were given single daily doses of the plant that provided from 1.66 - 3.42 mg anabasine per kg body weight. toxic signs included excess salivation, irregular gait, wobbling while walking or standing, recumbency and death. teratogenic effects occurred in offspring from animals fed those do ... | 1984 | 6705539 |
| teratogenic effects of nicotiana glauca and concentration of anabasine, the suspect teratogen in plant parts. | nicotiana glauca consumption by pregnant cows or sows produced arthrogryposis and other congenital deformities in their offspring. the plant material administered contained 0.11% anabasine, the suspect teratogen. but concentration varied among various plant parts; woody material was very low but leaves and bark were high. the anabasine was identified by mass spectral fragmentation analysis. | 1981 | 7226846 |
| cloning of cdnas for genes that are specifically or preferentially expressed during the development of tobacco genetic tumors. | to identify genes involved in the formation of genetic tumors in interspecific hybrids (f1) between nicotiana glauca and n. langsdorffii, genetic tumor-related cdna probes were obtained by a subtractive hybridization procedure and used to screen libraries of genetic tumor cdnas. as a result, 17 distinct cdna clones were isolated for genes that are specifically or preferentially expressed in genetic tumor tissues but are not expressed at all or are barely expressed in normal f1 plants. among the ... | 1994 | 8019589 |
| sequence of the cellular t-dna in the untransformed genome of nicotiana glauca that is homologous to orfs 13 and 14 of the ri plasmid and analysis of its expression in genetic tumours of n. glauca x n. langsdorffii. | a region homologous to the tl-dna of agrobacterium rhizogenes was previously detected in the genome of untransformed nicotiana glauca and designated cellular t-dna (ct-dna). subsequently, part of this region was sequenced and two genes, which corresponded to rolb and rolc and were named ngrolb and ngrolc, were found. we have now sequenced a region of the ct-dna other than the region that includes ngrolb and c and we have found two other open reading frames (orfs), ngorf13 and ngorf14. these orfs ... | 1994 | 8028588 |
| nicotiana glauca toxicosis of cattle. | | 1993 | 8373874 |
| transgenic n. glauca plants expressing bacterial virulence gene virf are converted into hosts for nopaline strains of a. tumefaciens. | tumours are induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens on a variety of plants. the virulence determinants of a. tumefaciens reside on a large tumour-inducing (ti) plasmid. this plasmid carries two regions essential for tumour induction, namely the t region and the vir region. during infection the t region is transferred to the plant cell, where it becomes stably integrated in one of the host chromosomes as t-dna. expression of t-dna leads to the production of the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin, as ... | 1993 | 8479538 |
| rnase protection analyses show high genetic diversity among field isolates of satellite tobacco mosaic virus. | fifteen field isolates of satellite tobacco mosaic virus (stmv) were collected from wild nicotiana glauca plants within a 20-km2 area in southern california. analyses of the entire length of the satellite genomic rna of each isolate by rnase protection assays showed that there were 10 different genotypes within the 15 isolates, including some with regions of extreme divergence from the stmv type strain. this indicates a very high level of genetic diversity between natural stmv populations. isola ... | 1993 | 8480428 |
| the regulatory functions of the rolb and rolc genes of agrobacterium rhizogenes are conserved in the homologous genes (ngrol) of nicotiana glauca in tobacco genetic tumors. | to compare patterns of expression between the ngrol genes of n. glauca and the rirol genes of agrobacterium rhizogenes, we performed fluorometric and histochemical analysis of transgenic genetic tumors on the hybrid of nicotiana glauca x n. langsdorffii (f1) that harbored a beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene fused to the promoter of ngrolb, ngrolc, rirolb or rirolc. the promoters of ngrolb and ngrolc had 2- to 3-fold lower activity than those of rirolb and rirolc. however, the changes in pat ... | 1995 | 8528603 |
| genetic diversity in tobacco mild green mosaic tobamovirus infecting the wild plant nicotiana glauca. | the variability and genetic structure of tobacco mild green mosaic tobamovirus (tmgmv) was analyzed in a collection of isolates from nicotiana glauca plants from australia, california, spain, and the east mediterranean basin. ribonuclease protection was assayed on 53 isolates with six probes representing 85% of the tmgmv genome. results showed that conserved domains in the tmgmv genome were different for each geographic population. the nucleotide sequence of two regions of the tmgmv genome was d ... | 1996 | 8806548 |
| the presence and characterization of a virf gene on agrobacterium vitis ti plasmids. | octopine and nopaline strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens differ in their ability to induce tumors on nicotiana glauca. the presence of a virf locus on the octopine ti plasmid makes n. glauca a host plant for these strains, indicating that the virf protein is a host-range determinant. here we show the presence of a virf locus not only on the agrobacterium vitis octopine/cucumopine plasmids ptiag57 and ptitm4, but also on the nopaline ti plasmids ptiat1, ptiat66a, and ptiat66b. on the octopine t ... | 1998 | 9574510 |
| neuromuscular blockade after ingestion of tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca). | two patients presented with life-threatening motor paresis after ingestion of leaves from the tree tobacco plant (nicotiana glauca ). in addition to severe muscle weakness, bulbar palsies, flexor muscle spasm, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory compromise were reported or observed. these are the fourth and fifth reported cases of a toxicologic emergency apparently caused by the alkaloid, anabasine, an isomer of nicotine found in the tobacco tree plant. the effects of this plant inge ... | 1999 | 10382003 |
| comparison of cleft palate induction by nicotiana glauca in goats and sheep. | the induction of cleft palate by nicotiana glauca (wild tree tobacco) during the first trimester of pregnancy was compared between spanish-type goats and crossbred western-type sheep. cleft palate was induced in 100% of the embryonic/fetal goats when their pregnant mothers were gavaged with n. glauca plant material or with anabasine-rich extracts from the latter, during gestation days 32-41. seventy-five percent of newborn goats had cleft palate after maternal dosing with n. glauca during gestat ... | 2000 | 10661910 |
| heterogeneity in the 3'-terminal untranslated region of tobacco mild green mosaic tobamoviruses from nicotiana glauca resulting in variants with three or six pseudoknots. | isolates of tobacco mild green mosaic tobamovirus (tmgmv) were obtained from 58 plants of nicotiana glauca in southern california and placed in one of two groups (small type and large type) based on the size of the subgenomic rna for the coat protein (cp). the cp sequence differed by no more than one amino acid for the two types, and the small type was identical to that published for tmgmv. thirty-six of the isolates had a double-stranded (ds)rna profile that matched that of type tmgmv, and the ... | 2000 | 10675395 |
| the roles of rirol and ngrol genes in hairy root induction in nicotiana debneyi. | the function of rirol genes in tl-dna of the ri plasmid of agrobacterium rhizogenes has been previously studied in nicotiana tabacum and daucus carota, but it was reported that these plants have a tl-dna-similar sequence in their genome. we investigated the function of rirol genes in n. debneyi by infection with a. tumefaciens harboring these genes, because the genome of n. debneyi does not contain a tl-dna-similar sequence. the single gene rirolb induced adventitious roots in n. debneyi. introd ... | 2000 | 11074270 |
| expression of a crown gall biological control phenotype in an avirulent strain of agrobacterium vitis by addition of the trifolitoxin production and resistance genes. | agrobacterium vitis is a causal agent of crown-gall disease. trifolitoxin (tfx) is a peptide antibiotic active only against members of a specific group of alpha-proteobacteria that includes agrobacterium and its close relatives. the ability of tfx production by an avirulent strain of agrobacterium to reduce crown gall disease is examined here. | 2002 | 11882255 |
| functional diversity and mutational analysis of agrobacterium 6b oncoproteins. | many agrobacterium t-dna genes belong to a diverse family of t-dna genes, the rolb family. these genes cause various growth abnormalities but their modes of action remain largely unknown. so far, none of the rolb-like proteins has been subjected to mutational analysis. the rolb-like oncoprotein 6b, which induces tumours on species such as nicotiana glauca and kalanchoe tubiflora, was chosen to investigate the role of the most conserved amino acid residues within the rolb family. we first determi ... | 2002 | 12172796 |
| tobacco plants were transformed by agrobacterium rhizogenes infection during their evolution. | we discovered that the origin of ct-dna in the genome of wild-type nicotiana glauca is the t-dna of the mikimopine-type ri plasmid (pri) harbored in agrobacterium rhizogenes. the ct-dna was inserted into the genomic dna of n. glauca from the position corresponding to the right border of mikimopine-type pri. the ct-dna contained two mikimopine synthase gene (mis) homologs, ngmisl and ngmisr, both of which were transcribed at low level in all n. glauca organs. ngmisr protein expressed in escherich ... | 2002 | 12472692 |
| [effect of alcoholic extracts of wild plants on the inhibition of growth of aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium expansum, fusarium moniliforme and fusarium poae moulds]. | fungicidal activity of wild plants larrea tridentata, karwinskia humboldtiana, ricinus communis, eucalyptus globulus, ambrosia ambrosioides, nicotiana glauca, ambrosia confertiflora, datura discolor, baccharis glutinosa, proboscidea parviflora, solanum rostratum, jatropha cinerea, salpianthus macrodonthus y sarcostemma cynanchoides was evaluated against the moulds species aspergillus flavus, aspergillus niger, penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium expansum, fusarium poae y fusarium moniliforme mo ... | 2002 | 12828509 |
| new plant growth-modifying properties of the agrobacterium t-6b oncogene revealed by the use of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. | agrobacterium 6b oncogenes induce tumours on nicotiana glauca and enations and associated modifications in transgenic n. tabacum plants. 2x35s-ab-6b tobacco rootstocks produced a graft-transmissible factor that induced enations in wild-type scions; the nature of this enation factor remains to be identified. here, we report on the properties of tobacco plants carrying a dexamethasone-inducible t-6b gene (dex-t-6b). induction with dex led to complex growth modifications, many of which have not bee ... | 2004 | 14690506 |
| satellite tobacco mosaic virus. | satellite tobacco mosaic virus (stmv) is a small, spherical ssrna virus common in a natural wild plant, nicotiana glauca or tree tobacco, in southern california and is one of the best-studied satellite viruses. it is the only satellite virus that has rod-shaped viruses (tobamoviruses) for its helper. in addition to describing the general properties of stmv, this review focuses on (a) the structural properties of the virus particle including the rna within the particle that is partially double st ... | 1998 | 15012502 |
| resurrection of an ancestral gene: functional and evolutionary analyses of the ngrol genes transferred from agrobacterium to nicotiana. | the ng rol genes, which have high similarity in sequence to the rol genes of agrobacterium rhizogenes, are present in the genome of untransformed plants of nicotiana glauca. it is thought that bacterial infection resulted in the transfer of the ng rol genes to plants early in the evolution of the genus nicotiana, since several species in this genus contain rol-like sequences but others do not. plants transformed with the bacterial rol genes exhibit various developmental and morphological changes ... | 2004 | 15338429 |
| cytological investigations of the interspecific hybrids of nicotiana tabacum l. x n. glauca grah. | interspecific amphihaploid and amphidiploid hybrids between nicotiana glauca grah. (2n = 24) and n. tabacum l. (2n = 48) cultivars by 103 and k 326 were analysed. f1 amphihaploids (2n = 36) were viable and completely self- and cross-sterile, and mostly univalents were present during meiosis (with pairing range from 0 to 5). in some meiocytes, meiotic irregularities were observed, such as sporadic chromatin bridges and formation of restitution nuclei. the resultant f1 hybrids were easily converte ... | 2003 | 12590180 |
| evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of pistacia lentiscus, phillyrea latifolia and nicotiana glauca. | the hepatoprotective effect of the boiled and non-boiled aqueous extracts of pistacia lentiscus, phillyrea latifolia, and nicotiana glauca, that are alleged to be effective in the treatment of jaundice in jordanian folk medicine, was evaluated in vivo using carbon tetrachloride (ccl(4)) intoxicated rats as an experimental model. plant extracts were administrated orally at a dose of 4 ml/kg body weight, containing various amounts of solid matter. only total serum bilirubin level was reduced by tr ... | 2002 | 12413719 |
| temperature and abscisic acid can be used to regulate survival, growth, and differentiation of cultured guard cell protoplasts of tree tobacco. | guard cell protoplasts isolated from leaves of nicotiana glauca (graham) were cultured. conditions were sought that would maximize survival and maintain cells in their differentiated state. temperature was an important determinant of survival, growth, and differentiation. as temperatures were increased from 24 to 32[deg]c, survival for 1 week in culture increased from approximately 20% to approximately 80% of cells used to initiate cultures. at all of these temperatures, approximately 90% of sur ... | 1995 | 12228677 |
| the fetal cleft palate: iii. ultrastructural and functional analysis of palatal development following in utero repair of the congenital model. | the role of fetal surgery in the management of congenital anomalies and intrauterine abnormalities is appropriately restricted on the basis of feasibility and risk-to-benefit analyses of intrauterine intervention. recently, the authors demonstrated that in utero cleft palate repair of the congenital caprine model is technically feasible and results in scarless healing of the mucoperiosteum and velum, with subsequent development of a potentially functional bilaminar palate with distinct oral and ... | 2002 | 12045563 |
| secondary products in mycorrhizal roots of tobacco and tomato. | colonization of the roots of various tobacco species and cultivars (nicotiana glauca grah., n. longiflora cav., n. rustica l., n. tabacum l., n. tabacum l. cv. samsun nn, n. sanderae hort. sander ex wats.) as well as tomato plants (lycopersicon esculentum l. cv. moneymaker) by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices schenck and smith resulted in the accumulation of several glycosylated c13 cyclohexenone derivatives. eight derivatives were isolated from the mycorrhizal roots by prep ... | 2000 | 10939350 |
| horizontal gene transfer and mutation: ngrol genes in the genome of nicotiana glauca. | ngrol genes (ngrolb, ngrolc, ngorf13, and ngorf14) that are similar in sequence to genes in the left transferred dna (tl-dna) of agrobacterium rhizogenes have been found in the genome of untransformed plants of nicotiana glauca. it has been suggested that a bacterial infection resulted in transformation of ngrol genes early in the evolution of the genus nicotiana. although the corresponding four rol genes in tl-dna provoked hairy-root syndrome in plants, present-day n. glauca and plants transfor ... | 1999 | 10557303 |
| the fetal cleft palate: ii. scarless healing after in utero repair of a congenital model. | the role of fetal surgery in the treatment of non-life-threatening congenital anomalies remains a source of much debate. before such undertakings can be justified, models must be established that closely resemble the respective human anomalies, and the feasibility and safety of these in utero procedures must be demonstrated. the authors recently described and characterized a congenital model of cleft palate in the goat. the present work demonstrates the methodology they developed to successfully ... | 1999 | 10513918 |
| another death due to ingestion of nicotiana glauca. | deaths attributed to ingestion of nicotiana glauca are extremely rare. we report here a case where a 43-year-old man was found dead after apparently drinking a water extract of nicotiana glauca. the primary alkaloid in the plant is anabasine. toxicological analysis by capillary gas chromatography showed the deceased had a blood anabasine concentration of 2.2 mg/l. clinically, the features of poisoning are nicotine-like and if death occurs it results from respiratory paralysis. the case further s ... | 1999 | 10097380 |
| the fetal cleft palate: i. characterization of a congenital model. | any animal model of a human congenital anomaly established by iatrogenic methods involving intrauterine fetal manipulation has limited clinical applicability. a congenital model that more closely simulates the etiopathogenesis of a human anomaly may provide data that can more readily be extrapolated to that anomaly and, therefore, be used in diagnostic and management strategies. the present work provides a description and characterization of a congenital model of cleft palate in the goat. palata ... | 1999 | 9950527 |
| indole-3-acetic acid synthesis in tumorous and nontumorous species of nicotiana. | the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in the enzyme extracts of nicotiana glauca, nicotiana langsdorffii, their f1 hybrid, their amphidiploid hybrid, and the nontumorous mutant of the hybrid was investigated. tryptamine, a possible precursor of iaa biosynthesis in nicotiana tabacum, was not found in the callus tissue of n. glauca, n. langsdorffii, and their f1 hybrid.in petiole slices, the synthesis of iaa progressively increased during 5 hours of incubation in [(14)c]tryptophan. the rate ... | 1978 | 16660376 |
| a century of tobamovirus evolution in an australian population of nicotiana glauca. | the evolution over the past century of two tobamoviruses infecting populations of the immigrant plant nicotiana glauca in new south wales (nsw), australia, has been studied. this plant species probably entered australia in the 1870s. isolates of the viruses were obtained from n. glauca specimens deposited in the nsw herbarium between 1899 and 1972, and others were obtained from living plants in 1985 and 1993. it was found that the nsw n. glauca population was infected with tobacco mosaic tobamov ... | 1997 | 9343184 |
| identification of genes up-regulated in dedifferentiating nicotania glauca pith tissue, using an improved method for constructing a subtractive cdna library. | pith explants of nicotiana glauca grown in vitro in synthetic medium supplemented with 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4 d), are induced to dedifferentiate. treatment with actinomycin d within the first 4-8 h of culture (but not later) is lethal and the explants die, implying a requirement for de novo transcription. the genes expressed during the initial period of culture are presumably critical for subsequent cell survival and proliferation, but so far their identity is unknown. we have cons ... | 1993 | 8284223 |
| cell-layer interactions influence the number and position of lateral shoot meristems in nicotiana. | in higher plants the formation of lateral shoot meristems (i.e., axillary meristems) in the axils of leaves establishes potential growth centers along the principal axis of the stem. the position and number of lateral buds in nicotiana glauca, two genotypes of nicotiana tabacum, and a series of interspecific periclinal chimeras composed of these species was studied to establish the role of position (location of the node along the main axis), flowering, and cell-layer interactions on the pattern ... | 1994 | 8150216 |
| nicotiana glauca-induced congenital deformities in calves: clinical and pathologic aspects. | seven calves born to 7 cows fed nicotiana glauca during portions of the 1st trimester of gestation were deformed at birth. deformities increased in severity as the calves aged. at birth, calves typically had arthrogryposis of the forelimbs or curvature of the spine; severity varied among calves. in 4 calves necropsied at about 15 months of age, there was general malpositioning and misalignment of the distal ends of the radius and ulna and the proximal ends of the metacarpal bones. carpal joints ... | 1981 | 7271044 |
| guard cell protoplasts: isolation, culture, and regeneration of plants. | guard cell protoplasts have been used extensively in short-term experiments designed to elucidate the signal transduction mechanisms that regulate stomatal movements. the utility of uard cell protoplasts for other types of longer-term signal transduction experiments is just now being realized. because highly purified, primary isolates of guard cell protoplasts are synchronous initially, they are uniform in their responses to changes in culture conditions. such isolates have demonstrated potentia ... | 2006 | 16673920 |
| congenital deformities in swine induced by wild tree tobacco, nicotiana glauca. | eighty-four of 147 piglets from 20 purebred hampshire gilts that were bred to purebred hampshire boars and then fed nicotiana glauca during various periods of gestation were congenitally deformed. the deformities occurred in piglets from gilts on experiments in 3 separate years during which 4 different collections of the plant were fed. the deformities included various arthrogrypotic limb deviations and palate closure defects. arthrogrypotic limbs had excessive flexure of pastern or carpal joint ... | 1983 | 6887299 |
| teratogenicity in swine of the tobacco alkaloid anabasine isolated from nicotiana glauca. | nicotiana glauca, wild tree tobacco, induces arthrogrypotic congenital defects in piglets similar to those induced by nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco. the present work was conducted to isolate the principal alkaloid of n. glauca, anabasine, in large quantity and good purity and to test the teratogenicity of the compound in pigs. the isolated compound was established to be anabasine and to be of suitable purity by chemical characterization. it proved to be teratogenic. typical arthrogrypotic de ... | 1984 | 6484853 |
| a fatal poisoning from nicotiana glauca. | a young adult male was found dead in a field. no cause of death was apparent at autopsy, and the only positive toxicological finding was the presence of a nicotine-like alkaloid isolated from the liver. anabasine, the major, highly toxic alkaloid of the shrub, nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) was subsequently identified in all body specimens examined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. concentrations of anabasine in blood, urine and other body organs are reported. | 1987 | 3430659 |
| multiple congenital contractures (mcc) and cleft palate induced in goats by ingestion of piperidine alkaloid-containing plants: reduction in fetal movement as the probable cause. | fetal movement, observed by ultrasound imaging, was significantly reduced (p less than or equal to 0.001) in pregnant goats gavaged with conium seed and nicotiana glauca and temporarily reduced with fresh conium plant. conium seed and nicotiana glauca induced cleft palate and multiple congenital contractures in 100% of the kids born to pregnant goats gavaged with these plants. multiple congenital contractures included torticollis, scoliosis, lordosis, arthrogryposis, rib cage anomalies, over ext ... | 1990 | 2381024 |
| polypeptide composition of fraction i protein from nicotiana glauca and from cultivars of nicotiana tabacum, including a male sterile line. | the polypeptide compositions of fraction i protein isolated from six collections of nicotiana glauca and from ten cultivars of n. tabacum, as well as a polyploid series and a male sterile line, have been analyzed by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel slabs containing 8 m urea. apart from the male sterile line, none of the plants showed any variation from the species pattern of polypeptides. fraction i protein from the male sterile burley 21 cultivar of n. tabacum contained the two small ... | 1975 | 1200977 |
| congenital defects in calves from maternal ingestion of nicotiana glauca of high anabasine content. | administration of nicotiana glauca to four cows from the 50th to the 75th days of gestation induced congenital deformities in their calves. all four calves had arthrogryposis of forelimbs and one also had spinal curvature and rib cage deformity. the plant material contained 0.113% of the piperidine alkaloid anabasine as authenticated by gas chromatography and by infrared spectroscopy. because of the presence of anabasine at a high concentration and because of its structural relationship to known ... | 1979 | 540490 |
| [metabolism of nicotinic acid in plant cell suspension cultures, iv: occurrence and metabolism of nicotinic acid n-alpha-arabinoside (author's transl)]. | application of nicotinic acid to cell suspension cultures of petroselinum hortense hoffm., daucus carota, nicotiana tabacum and nicotiana glauca leads to the formation of the recently isolated[2] nicotinic acid n-alpha-l-arabinoside. in these cell cultures the arabinoside is a metabolically active compound; the nicotinic acid moiety is used for nad synthesis and nicotinic acid degradation involving decarboxylation and ring fission. n-methylnicotinic acid (trigonelline) and nicotinic acid n-alpha ... | 1976 | 185135 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens virc2 enhances t-dna transfer and virulence through its c-terminal ribbon-helix-helix dna-binding fold. | agrobacterium tumefaciens virc2 stimulates processing of single-stranded t-dna that is translocated into plants to induce tumor formation, but how virc2 functions is unclear. here, we report the 1.7-a x-ray crystal structure of its trypsin-resistant c-terminal domain, virc2(82-202), which reveals a form of the ribbon-helix-helix (rhh) dna-binding fold contained within a single polypeptide chain. dna-binding assays and mutagenesis indicate that virc2 uses this rhh fold to bind double-stranded dna ... | 2009 | 19482939 |
| characterization of genes encoding metal tolerance proteins isolated from nicotiana glauca and nicotiana tabacum. | we have isolated a metal tolerance protein (mtp) gene, ngmtp1, from nicotiana glauca (a potential phytoremediator plant) and two mtp genes, ntmtp1a and ntmtp1b, from nicotiana tabacum. these three genes shared approximately 95% homology at the amino acid level. heterologous expression of any of these three genes complemented zn and co tolerance in yeast mutants to a similar extent. in yeast, these proteins were shown to be located to vacuole membrane. these results suggest that the three mtps op ... | 2005 | 15850811 |
| comparative determination of some phytohormones in wild-type and genetically modified plants by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. | the analytical performances of two optimized analytical methodologies used for the determination of auxins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid in plant samples were critically compared. phytohormones were extracted from nicotiana glauca samples using a modified bieleski solvent and determined both by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), after derivatization with n,o-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (bstfa), and by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (hplc-ms/ ... | 2010 | 19854149 |
| ethnobotanical survey and testing of plants traditionally used against hematophagous insects in eritrea. | an ethnobotanical study was conducted to find plants traditionally used against nuisance insects in three regions of eritrea: highland, eastern escarpment and wet lowland. six plants were collected, two of them were reported to be used against mosquitoes (ocimum forskolei, lamiaceae and nicotiana glauca, solanaceae), two others against fleas (salvia shimperi, lamiaceae and otostegia integrifolia, lamiaceae) and neorautanenia mitis (fabaceae) and calpurnea aurea (fabaceae) against animal lice. th ... | 2004 | 15374613 |
| expression analysis of the ngorf13 promoter during the development of tobacco genetic tumors. | we investigated the expression pattern of the promoter of nicotiana glauca (ng) orf13 in the hybrids between n. glauca and n. langsdorffii harboring the ngorf13-beta-glucuronidase (gus) chimeric gene. the promoter of ngorf13 of n. glauca had lower activities than the promoter of riorf13 of agrobacterium rhizogenes agropine-type root-inducing (ri) plasmid. however, the localization of gus activity in the ngorf13 transgenic plants was similar to that in the riorf13 transgenic plants. the gus activ ... | 2004 | 15356328 |
| thermotolerant guard cell protoplasts of tree tobacco do not require exogenous hormones to survive in culture and are blocked from reentering the cell cycle at the g1-to-s transition. | when guard cell protoplasts (gcps) of tree tobacco [nicotiana glauca (graham)] are cultured at 32 degrees c with an auxin (1-napthaleneacetic acid) and a cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine), they reenter the cell cycle, dedifferentiate, and divide. gcps cultured similarly but at 38 degrees c and with 0.1 micro m +/- -cis,trans-abscisic acid (aba) remain differentiated. gcps cultured at 38 degrees c without aba dedifferentiate partially but do not divide. cell survival after 1 week is 70% to 80% unde ... | 2003 | 12913149 |
| biological activity of the agrobacterium rhizogenes-derived trolc gene of nicotiana tabacum and its functional relation to other plast genes. | agrobacterium rhizogenes induces hairy roots through the activity of three essential t-dna genes, rola, rolb, and rolc, whereas the orf13 gene acts as an accessory root-inducing gene. rolb, rolc, and orf13 belong to the highly diverged plast gene family with remotely related representatives in the endomycorrhizal basidiomycete laccaria bicolor. nicotiana glauca and n. tabacum contain a. rhizogenes-derived t-dnas with active plast genes. here, we report on the properties of a rolc homolog in n. t ... | 2011 | 20822423 |
| apetala2/ethylene response factor and basic helix-loop-helix tobacco transcription factors cooperatively mediate jasmonate-elicited nicotine biosynthesis. | transcription factors of the plant-specific apetala2/ethylene response factor (ap2/erf) family control plant secondary metabolism, often as part of signalling cascades induced by jasmonate (ja) or other elicitors. here, we functionally characterized the ja-inducible tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) ap2/erf factor orc1, one of the members of the nic2-locus erfs that control nicotine biosynthesis and a close homologue of orca3, a transcriptional activator of alkaloid biosynthesis in catharanthus roseus ... | 2011 | 21418355 |
| nicotiana glauca poisoning in ostriches (struthio camelus). | putative nicotiana glauca (wild tobacco) poisoning was diagnosed in a flock of ostriches near oudtshoorn, south africa. post mortem examinations (n = 7) were performed on ostriches (struthio camelus) that had died. suspicious leaf remnants (weighing 80-770 g), packed in a layer on top of other plant material, were carefully separated from the proventricular content and submitted for chemical determination of anabasine, the major toxic principle contained by this plant. a standard solid phase ext ... | 2011 | 22135925 |
| a plant genetically modified that accumulates pb is especially promising for phytoremediation. | from a number of wild plant species growing on soils highly contaminated by heavy metals in eastern spain, nicotiana glauca r. graham (shrub tobacco) was selected for biotechnological modification, because it showed the most appropriate properties for phytoremediation. this plant has a wide geographic distribution, is fast-growing with a high biomass, and is repulsive to herbivores. following agrobacterium mediated transformation, the induction and overexpression of a wheat gene encoding phytoch ... | 2003 | 12659836 |
| an engineered plant that accumulates higher levels of heavy metals than thlaspi caerulescens, with yields of 100 times more biomass in mine soils. | nicotiana glauca transformed with tapcs1 was tested for its application in phytoremediation. when plantlets were grown in mine soils containing cu, zn, and pb (42, 2600, and 1500 mg kg(-1)) the plant showed high levels of accumulation especially of zn and pb. adult plants growing in mine soils containing different heavy metal concentrations showed a greater accumulation as well as an extension to a wider range of elements, including cd, ni and b. the overexpressed gene confers up to 9 and 36 tim ... | 2006 | 16337669 |
| increased accumulation of cuticular wax and expression of lipid transfer protein in response to periodic drying events in leaves of tree tobacco. | cuticular wax deposition and composition affects drought tolerance and yield in plants. we examined the relationship between wax and dehydration stress by characterizing the leaf cuticular wax of tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca l. graham) grown under periodic dehydration stress. total leaf cuticular wax load increased after each of three periods of dehydration stress using a ch2cl2 extraction process. overall, total wax load increased 1.5- to 2.5-fold, but composition of the wax was not altered. ... | 2006 | 16361524 |
| relative toxicities and neuromuscular nicotinic receptor agonistic potencies of anabasine enantiomers and anabaseine. | anabasine occurring in wild tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca) and anabaseine occurring in certain animal venoms are nicotinic receptor agonist toxins. anabasine lacks the imine double bond of anabaseine; the two possible enantiomers of anabasine occur in n. glauca. a comparision of the relative potencies of s- and r-anabasine has not been previously reported. we separated the enantiomers of anabasine by reaction of the racemic n. glauca natural product with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-l-alanine (fm ... | 2006 | 16488116 |
| tumor induction by agrobacterium rhizogenes involves the transfer of plasmid dna to the plant genome. | the dna from tumors of nicotiana glauca initiated by strains of agrobacterium rhizogenes was shown to contain sequences that are homologous to the root-inducing (ri) plasmid of the bacterium. two independently established tumor lines contained a similar portion of the ri-plasmid. the ri-plasmid also hybridized to dna fragments from uninfected n. glauca. a cosmid clone of the ri-plasmid encompassing the region containing the ri-plasmid sequences that are stably transferred to the plant also hybri ... | 1982 | 16593190 |
| physiological comparisons of pith callus with crown-gall and genetic tumors of nicotiana glauca, n. langsdorffii, and n. glauca-langsdorffii grown in vitro. i. tumor induction and proliferation. | agrobacterium tumefaciens b-6 and t-37 strains, inoculated into nicotiana glauca, n. langsdorffii, and their interspecific hybrid, which forms genetic (spontaneous) tumors as well, initiate amorphous tumors from the b-6 strain and organoid tumors (aberrant roots, stems, and buds) from the t-37 strain. in the hybrid, the critical point was to induce crown gall tumors at the site of wounding and not spontaneous genetic tumors. to succeed, this inoculation had to be made at a very early (5-6 leaf s ... | 1969 | 16657159 |
| physiological comparisons of pith callus with crown-gall and genetic tumors of nicotiana glauca, n. langsdorffii, and n. glauca-langsdorffii grown in vitro. ii. nutritional physiology. | explants of genetic tumors, tumors initiated by agrobacterium tumefaciens strains b-6 and t-37, and excised pith plugs from nicotiana glauca, n. langsdorffii, and n. glauca-langsdorffii were cultured on murashige and skoog medium. all cultures, pith callus and tumors with the exception of n. langsdorffii pith grew on this medium. addition of glutamine to the medium resulted in highly organoid growth in n. langsdorffii pith. in order to have material comparable to other pith cultures, n. langsdor ... | 1969 | 16657160 |
| induction of indoleacetic acid synthetases in tobacco pith explants. | formation of indoleacetic acid synthetases in tobacco pith explants was determined by following the growth of tissue cultures under conditions of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) deprivation and by measuring the enzymatic conversion of tryptophan to iaa in the cultures. the pith explants obtained from the parent plant (nicotiana glauca) and from basal regions of the tumor-prone hybrid (n. glauca x n. langsdorffii) both show a requirement for exogenous iaa for growth initiation in culture. the parent p ... | 1972 | 16658251 |
| cytokinin effects on growth of quiescent tobacco pith cells. | excised pith tissue from nicotiana glauca or the tumor-prone hybrid n. glauca x n. langsdorffii has no growth requirement for exogenous cytokinins. addition of kinetin to cultures of these lines results in growth inhibition at a kinetin concentration 1000-fold lower than the optimal level for kinetin-requiring lines. cytological comparison of the kinetin-inhibited 2n hybrid and glauca tissues with pith from the kinetin-requiring n. tabacum var. wisconsin 38 suggests that the nature of the cytoki ... | 1975 | 16659036 |
| inducible cadmium binding complexes of cabbage and tobacco. | cadmium complexes with apparent molecular weights of 10,000 were observed in aqueous extracts of cd-treated cabbage (brassica capitata l., cv. red danish) and tobacco (hybrid of nicotiana glauca and n. langsdorffii) plants. the amount of complex (as cd) recovered was found to be dependent on the concentration of the metal in the growth medium and the total time of exposure of plants to the metal. induction of the complex at moderate levels of (112)cd exposure was monitored after labeling the com ... | 1982 | 16662300 |
| auxin-induced ethylene production as related to auxin metabolism in leaf discs of tobacco and sugar beet. | exogenously supplied indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) stimulated ethylene production in tobacco (nicotiana glauca) leaf discs but not in those of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). the stimulatory effect of iaa in tobacco was relatively small during the first 24 hours of incubation but became greater during the next 24 hours. it was found that leaf discs of these two species metabolized [1-(14)c]iaa quite differently. the rate of decarboxylation in sugar beet discs was much higher than in tobacco. the lat ... | 1983 | 16663265 |
| analysis of guard cell viability and action in senescing leaves of nicotiana glauca (graham), tree tobacco. | in an attempt to determine whether low epidermal conductances to water vapor diffusion of senescing leaves were caused by internal changes in guard cells or by factors external to guard cells, stomatal behavior was examined in intact senescing and nonsenescing leaves of nicotiana glauca (graham), tree tobacco, grown in the field or in an environmental chamber. conductances of senescing leaves were 5 to 10% of the maximum conductances of nonsenescing leaves of the same plant, yet guard cell duple ... | 1985 | 16664404 |
| dynamics of endogenous cytokinins during the growth cycle of a hormone-autotrophic genetic tumor line of tobacco. | the profile of endogenous cytokinins in a genetic tumor line of tobacco, namely, nicotiana glauca (grah.) x nicotiana langsdorffii (weinm.), following 1 to 10 weeks of growth on solid medium was determined by radioimmunoassay. (3)h-labeled cytokinins of high specific activity were added during tissue extraction to correct for the purification losses. following subculture (of 4-week-old tissues when their cytokinin content is high) onto fresh medium the total cytokinin content continued to be hig ... | 1990 | 16667800 |
| metabolic engineering of ketocarotenoid biosynthesis in leaves and flowers of tobacco species. | ketocarotenoids and especially astaxanthin are high-valued pigments used as feed additives. conventionally, they are provided by chemical synthesis. their biological production is a promising alternative. for the development of a plant production system, nicotiana glauca, a species with carotenoid-containing yellow pigmented flower petals, was transformed with a cyanobacterial ketolase gene. the resulting plants accumulated 4-ketozeaxantin (adinoxanthin), which is the first ketocarotenoid synthe ... | 2007 | 17619231 |
| heat suppresses activation of an auxin-responsive promoter in cultured guard cell protoplasts of tree tobacco. | cultured guard cell protoplasts (gcp) of tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca) comprise a novel system for investigating the cell signaling mechanisms that lead to acquired thermotolerance and thermoinhibition. at 32 degrees c in a medium containing an auxin (1-naphthaleneacetic acid [naa]) and a cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine), gcp expand, regenerate cell walls, dedifferentiate, and divide. at 38 degrees c, gcp acquire thermotolerance within 24 h, but their expansion is limited and they neither regen ... | 2007 | 17704234 |
| nicotiana glauca engineered for the production of ketocarotenoids in flowers and leaves by expressing the cyanobacterial crto ketolase gene. | nicotiana glauca is a tobacco species that forms flowers with carotenoid-pigmented petals, sepals, pistil, ovary and nectary tissue. the carotenoids produced are lutein, ss-carotene as well as some violaxanthin and antheraxanthin. this tobacco species was genetically modified for ketocarotenoid biosynthesis by transformation with a cyanobacterial crto ketolase gene under the 35s camv promoter. in the transformants, ketocarotenoids were detected in both leaves and flowers. although astaxanthin wa ... | 2007 | 17940844 |
| assessing an exotic plant surveying program in the mojave desert, clark county, nevada, usa. | exotic species can threaten native ecosystems and reduce services that ecosystems provide to humans. early detection of incipient populations of exotic species is a key step in containing exotics before explosive population growth and corresponding impacts occur. we report the results of the first three years of an exotic plant early detection and treatment program conducted along more than 3,000 km of transportation corridors within an area >1.5 million ha in the mojave desert, usa. incipient p ... | 2009 | 18369728 |
| natural incidence of mixed infections and experimental cross protection between two genotypes of tobacco mild green mosaic virus. | abstract isolates of tobacco mild green mosaic virus (tmgmv), a member of the genus tobamovirus, from nicotiana glauca in southern california fall into two major genotypes, large (tmgmv-l) and small (tmgmv-s), distinguishable by the size of the coat protein (cp) subgenomic rna. mixed infections in the field were rare (1.6%), even at sites where both genotypes were common in single infections (62% for tmgmv-s; 37% for tmgmv-l). when plants experimentally protected by tmgmv-l were challenged by tm ... | 2004 | 18943704 |
| actions of piperidine alkaloid teratogens at fetal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | teratogenic alkaloids are found in many species of plants including conium maculatum l., nicotiana glauca, nicotiana tabaccum, and multiple lupinus spp. fetal musculoskeletal defects produced by alkaloids from these plants include arthrogyropisis, scoliosis, torticollis, kyposis, lordosis, and cleft palate. a pharmacodynamic comparison of the alkaloids ammodendrine, anabasine, anabaseine, anagyrine, and coniine in sh-sy5y cells and te-671 cells was made. these alkaloids and their enantiomers wer ... | 2010 | 20116429 |
| nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco) intoxication--two cases in one family. | we present two cases of rare human poisoning in one family following ingestion of cooked leaves from the tobacco tree plant, nicotiana glauca. the toxic principle of n. glauca, anabasine (c10h14n2), is a small pyridine alkaloid, similar in both structure and effects to nicotine, but appears to be more potent in humans. a 73-year-old female tourist from france, without remarkable medical history, collapsed at home following a few hours long prodrome of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and malaise. th ... | 2011 | 20652661 |
| life histories of the seed bugs, kleidocerys punctatus and kleidocerys virescens. | the life cycles of the seed bugs, kleidocerys punctatus distant and kleidocerys virescens f. (hemiptera: lygaeidae: ischnorhynchinae), are reported for the first time. description of all immature stages and adults are included. adults and nymphs of k. punctatus are associated with several species of alnus (betulaceae), while those of k. virescens are associated with nicotiana glauca graham, nicotiana tabacum l. (solanaceae), and buddleia crotonoides a. gray and buddleia sp. (loganiaceae). adults ... | 2010 | 20673115 |
| horizontal gene transfer from agrobacterium to plants. | most genetic engineering of plants uses agrobacterium mediated transformation to introduce novel gene content. in nature, insertion of t-dna in the plant genome and its subsequent transfer via sexual reproduction has been shown in several species in the genera nicotiana and linaria. in these natural examples of horizontal gene transfer from agrobacterium to plants, the t-dna donor is assumed to be a mikimopine strain of a. rhizogenes. a sequence homologous to the t-dna of the ri plasmid of agrob ... | 2014 | 25157257 |
| deep sequencing of the ancestral tobacco species nicotiana tomentosiformis reveals multiple t-dna inserts and a complex evolutionary history of natural transformation in the genus nicotiana. | nicotiana species carry cellular t-dna sequences (ct-dnas), acquired by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. we characterized the ct-dna sequences of the ancestral nicotiana tabacum species nicotiana tomentosiformis by deep sequencing. n. tomentosiformis contains four ct-dna inserts derived from different agrobacterium strains. each has an incomplete inverted-repeat structure. ta is similar to part of the agrobacterium rhizogenes 1724 mikimopine-type t-dna, but has unusual orf14 and mis genes. ... | 2014 | 25219519 |
| an orange fluorescent protein tagging system for real-time pollen tracking. | monitoring gene flow could be important for future transgenic crops, such as those producing plant-made-pharmaceuticals (pmps) in open field production. a nicotiana hybrid (nicotiana. tabacum × nicotiana glauca) shows limited male fertility and could be used as a bioconfined pmp platform. effective assessment of gene flow from these plants is augmented with methods that utilize fluorescent proteins for transgenic pollen identification. | 2013 | 24070251 |
| the agrobacterium tumefaciens t-dna gene 6(b) is an onc gene. | in this article it is shown that the t-dna of agrobacterium tumefaciens contains besides the well-known cyt and aux genes another gene with an oncogenic effect in plants. the gene in question is called 6(b) and causes the formation of small tumors in plant species such as nicotiana glauca and kalanchoe tubiflora. | 1988 | 24272629 |
| structure and expression of the quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (qpt) gene family in nicotiana. | synthesis of wound-inducible pyridine alkaloids is characteristic of species in the genus nicotiana. the enzyme quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (qpt) plays a key role in facilitating the availability of precursors for alkaloid synthesis, in addition to its ubiquitous role in enabling nad(p)(h) synthesis. in a previous study, we reported that nicotiana tabacum l. var. nc 95 possesses a qpt rflp pattern similar to its model paternal progenitor species, nicotiana tomentosiformis goodsp. here ... | 2012 | 22525250 |
| electrical potentials in stomatal complexes. | guard cells of several species, but predominantly commelina communis, were impaled by micropipette electrodes and potential differences measured that occurred between cell compartments and the flowing bathing medium. the wall developed a donnan potential that was between -60 and -70 millivolt in 30 millimolar kcl at ph 7. the density of the fixed charges ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 molar; its dependence on ph was almost identical with the titration curve of authentic polygalacturonic acid. the vacuol ... | 1981 | 16661822 |
| anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts and alkaloid fractions of four mexican medicinal plants of solanaceae. | methanol extracts and alkaloid fractions of different parts of four plant species belonging to solanaceae family and used in mexican traditional medicine were investigated for their total phenolic contents, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. | 2014 | 25371591 |
| a direction-selective local-thresholding method, dslt, in combination with a dye-based method for automated three-dimensional segmentation of cells and airspaces in developing leaves. | quantifying the anatomical data acquired from three-dimensional (3d) images has become increasingly important in recent years. visualization and image segmentation are essential for acquiring accurate and detailed anatomical data from images; however, plant tissues such as leaves are difficult to image by confocal or multi-photon laser scanning microscopy because their airspaces generate optical aberrations. to overcome this problem, we established a staining method based on nile red in silicone ... | 2015 | 25440085 |
| isolation of genes predominantly expressed in guard cells and epidermal cells of nicotiana glauca. | guard cells are specialized and metabolically active cells which arise during the differentiation of the epidermis. using nicotiana glauca epidermal peels as a source of purified guard cells, we have constructed a cdna library from guard cell rna. in order to isolate genes that are predominantly expressed in guard cells, we performed a differential screen of this library, comparing the hybridization of a radiolabeled cdna probe synthesized from guard cell rna to that from a mesophyll cell cdna p ... | 2000 | 10890533 |
| the effect of intermittent dosing of nicotiana glauca on teratogenesis in goats. | sustained inhibition of fetal movement in livestock species, induced by several poisonous plants, can result in numerous skeletal-contracture malformations. lupines are responsible for a condition in cattle referred to as "crooked calf syndrome" that occurs when pregnant cattle graze teratogenic lupines. similar malformations are also seen in animals poisoned by conium maculatum (coniine) and nicotiana glauca (anabasine). a proposed management strategy to limit these types of birth defects inclu ... | 2015 | 25451537 |
| piperidine alkaloids: human and food animal teratogens. | piperidine alkaloids are acutely toxic to adult livestock species and produce musculoskeletal deformities in neonatal animals. these teratogenic effects include multiple congenital contracture (mcc) deformities and cleft palate in cattle, pigs, sheep, and goats. poisonous plants containing teratogenic piperidine alkaloids include poison hemlock (conium maculatum), lupine (lupinus spp.), and tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) [including wild tree tobacco (nicotiana glauca)]. there is abundant epidemiolo ... | 2012 | 22449544 |
| a study on embryonic death in goats due to nicotiana glauca ingestion. | numerous plants are known to be teratogenic in livestock. in addition to causing malformations, several plants can also cause embryonic death. these losses decrease the reproductive efficiency of animals exposed to these plants. the aim of this study was to determine if teratogenic plants such as lupines or tobaccos cause embryonic losses. a goat model using the plant nicotiana glauca was used in this study, as this model has been used to characterize the mechanism of lupinus, conium, and nicoti ... | 2014 | 25108148 |
| autotoxicity and chemical defense: nicotine accumulation and carbon gain in solanaceous plants. | we quantified the accumulation of and tolerance to exogenously-fed nicotine by monitoring photosynthetic capacity and growth in two nicotine producing species of solanaceous plants (nicotiana sylvestris andn. glauca) as well as two solanaceous species (datura stramonium andlycopersicon esculentum) that do not produce nicotine to examine the relationship between tolerence and the ability to produce nicotine in defensive quantities. sincen. sylvestris uses nicotine as an inducible defense, we exam ... | 1993 | 28313994 |
| immunochemical comparison of glutamine synthetases from some solanaceae plants. | the presence of different glutamine synthetase isoenzymes in different solanaceae plants and their relative antigenicities against antiglutamine synthetase from tomato leaf serum were studied. all the plants tested showed one glutamine synthetase isoenzyme except for mandragora autumnalis, which showed two, after discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and specific in situ assay. antigenicities were compared by the double immunodiffusion technique. the nicotiana glauca enzyme showed equ ... | 1986 | 16665071 |
| the formation and sequestration of nonendogenous ketocarotenoids in transgenic nicotiana glauca. | ketolated and hydroxylated carotenoids are high-value compounds with industrial, food, and feed applications. chemical synthesis is currently the production method of choice for these compounds, with no amenable plant sources readily available. in this study, the 4,4' β-oxygenase (crtw) and 3,3' β-hydroxylase (crtz) genes from brevundimonas sp. sd-212 were expressed under constitutive transcriptional control in nicotiana glauca, which has an emerging potential as a biofuel and biorefining feedst ... | 2017 | 28153925 |
| the a622 gene in nicotiana glauca (tree tobacco): evidence for a functional role in pyridine alkaloid synthesis. | nicotiana glauca (argentinean tree tobacco) is atypical within the genus nicotiana, accumulating predominantly anabasine rather than nicotine and/or nornicotine as the main component of its leaf pyridine alkaloid fraction. the current study examines the role of the a622 gene from n. glauca (nga622) in alkaloid production and utilises an rnai approach to down-regulate gene expression and diminish levels of a622 protein in transgenic tissues. results indicate that rnai-mediated reduction in a622 t ... | 2009 | 19011764 |
| [experimental tolerance to boron of the plant species nicotiana glauca, jacaranda mimosifolia, tecoma stans, medicago sativa y spinacea oleracea in argentina]. | the activity of boron industries is a punctual and diffuse source of air, soil and water pollution. therefore, it is a priority to study possible ways of reducing this impact. a relatively new technology for reducing soil pollution is phytoremediation, which uses plants and associate microorganisms. the first step in phytoremediation is to detect tolerant plant species, which is the objective of this work. a laboratory experiment to assess the germination, survival and growth of different specie ... | 2008 | 19419027 |
| nicotinic plant poisoning. | a wide range of plants contain nicotinic and nicotinic-like alkaloids. of this diverse group, those that have been reported to cause human poisoning appear to have similar mechanisms of toxicity and presenting patients therefore have comparable toxidromes. this review describes the taxonomy and principal alkaloids of plants that contain nicotinic and nicotinic-like alkaloids, with particular focus on those that are toxic to humans. the toxicokinetics and mechanisms of toxicity of these alkaloids ... | 2009 | 19778187 |
| distribution of chlorophyll-bearing organelles in the shoot apex of a range of dicotyledonous plants. | confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to study the distribution of the smallest detectable autofluorescing, chlorophyll-bearing structures in fresh, 40 microm thick longitudinal sections of the shoot apex of four dicotyledonous plants (arabidopsis thaliana, nicotiana glauca, lupinus alba, and spinacia oleracea). in all species, the smallest chlorophyll-bearing particles were found in the outermost cell layers (l1 and l2) of the shoot apex. their distribution between these layers differed i ... | 2005 | 15997337 |
| chromosome and isoenzyme studies on cells derived from protoplast fusion of nicotiana glauca with glycine max-nicotiana glauca cell hybrids. | the somatic hybrids of glycine max (l)merr.-nicotiana glauca grah. exhibited a preferential loss of n. glauca chromosomes. when protoplasts from such hybrid cells were 'back fused' twice to n. glauca protoplasts, a considerable increase in stability of the n. glauca chromosomes was observed. gel electrophoresis studies of aspartate aminotransferase showed that the chromosome(s) responsible for this enzyme was stabilized in the 'back fused' hybrid cell lines. the data suggest that the 'back fusio ... | 1980 | 24301148 |