| three tomato genes code for heat stress transcription factors with a region of remarkable homology to the dna-binding domain of the yeast hsf. | heat stress (hs) treatment of cell cultures of lycopersicon peruvianum (lp, tomato) results in activation of preformed transcription factor(s) (hsf) binding to the heat stress consensus element (hse). using appropriate synthetic hse oligonucleotides, three types of clones with potential hse binding domains were isolated from a tomato lambda gt11 expression library by dna-ligand screening. one of the potential hsf genes is constitutively expressed, the other two are hs-induced. sequence compariso ... | 1990 | 2148291 |
| [effect of metalaxyl on the synthesis of rna, dna and protein in phytophthora nicotianae]. | metalaxyl is used to control diseases caused by fungi of the order of the perenosporales. we investigated the action of this fungicid eon nucleic acid and protein synthesis in liquid cultures of phytophthora nicotianae. the uptake of 32p, 3h-uridine, 3h-thymidine and 14c-leucine as precursors of nuclei acid and protein synthesis by the mycelium was not inhibited by metalaxyl. rna synthesis as indicated by 3h-uridine incorporation was strongly inhibited (about 80%) by 0.5 micrograms/ml of metalax ... | 1984 | 6741170 |
| continuous replication of potato spindle tuber viroid (pstv) in permanent cell cultures of potato and tomato. | the continuous replication of potato spindle tuber viroid (pstv) in callus cultures from pstv-infected wild-type potato (solanum demissum l.) and tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum l. mill) plants and in cell suspensions derived from potato protoplasts (solanum tuberosum l.) inoculated in vitro is described. the persistence of pstv replication in these cell lines through at least 14 subculture passages, which corresponds to a continuous replication over a period of more than one year, was demonstra ... | 1981 | 7284577 |
| hsp68--a dnak-like heat-stress protein of plant mitochondria. | a 68-kda heat-stress protein (hsp68) has been purified from cell-suspension cultures of tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum l.). antibodies raised against hsp68 cross-react with the escherichia coli heat-stress protein dnak. hsp68 was found to be a hydrophilic, atp-binding protein. immunological analysis of subcellular fractions and immunogold-labelling of ultrathin sections showed consistently that hsp68 is localized in the mitochondrial matrix. in-vitro translation experiments indicated that hsp68 ... | 1993 | 7763614 |
| molecular characterization of heterochromatic regions around the tm-2 locus in chromosome 9 of tomato. | the gene tm-2 (tomato mosaic virus (tomv) resistant), which is tightly linked to a morphological marker gene nv (netted virescent), resides in a heterochromatic region near the centromere of chromosome 9 in tomato. tm-2 and tm-2a are known to be allelic, and exhibit similar phenotypes to each other, but can be differentiated by their response to different tomv strains. an inoculation experiment demonstrated that tm-2 helped a mutant strain of tomv to infect a heterozygous tomato (tm-2/tm-2a). ai ... | 1996 | 9039437 |
| [the genetic transformation of lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum by using agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying a plasmid with the human beta-interferon gene]. | wild tomato plants of lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum were transformed with pg11 plasmid having human beta-interferon (hifn-beta) and nptii genes. transformation was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and elisa assay. expression of hifn-beta gene was identified by western blot analysis. transgenic plants produced seeds and f1 generation inherited integrated traits. | 1997 | 9157639 |
| the tomato hsf system: hsfa2 needs interaction with hsfa1 for efficient nuclear import and may be localized in cytoplasmic heat stress granules. | in heat-stressed (hs) tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum) cell cultures, the constitutively expressed hs transcription factor hsfa1 is complemented by two hs-inducible forms, hsfa2 and hsfb1. because of its stability, hsfa2 accumulates to fairly high levels in the course of a prolonged hs and recovery regimen. using immunofluorescence and cell fractionation experiments, we identified three states of hsfa2: (i) a soluble, cytoplasmic form in preinduced cultures maintained at 25 degrees c, (ii) a sal ... | 1998 | 9528795 |
| messenger rna-binding properties of nonpolysomal ribonucleoproteins from heat-stressed tomato cells | most cells experiencing heat stress reprogram their translational machinery to favor the synthesis of heat-stress proteins. translation of other transcripts is almost completely repressed, but most untranslated messengers are not degraded. in contrast to yeast, drosophila melanogaster, and hela cells, plant cells store repressed messengers in cytoplasmic nonpolysomal ribonucleoproteins (rnps). to follow the fate of untranslated transcripts, we studied protein composition, mrna content, and rna-b ... | 1999 | 10318680 |
| isolation and characterization of hsfa3, a new heat stress transcription factor of lycopersicon peruvianum. | stress-induced transcription of heat shock proteins (hsps) in eukaryotes is mediated by a conserved class of transcription factors called heat stress transcription factors (hsfs). here we report the isolation and functional characterization of hsfa3, a new member of the hsf family. hsfa3 was cloned from a tomato heat stress cdna library by yeast two-hybrid screening, using hsfa1 as a bait. hsfa3 is a single-copy gene with all the conserved sequence elements characteristic of a heat stress transc ... | 2000 | 10849352 |
| retrolycl-1, a member of the tntl retrotransposon super-family in the lycopersicon peruvianum genome. | retrotransposons are ubiquitous mobile genetic elements that transpose through an rna intermediate. one of the best known plant retrotransposon, tnt1, was isolated from tobacco and showed an extensive distribution in the nicotiana genus. we investigated the presence of related sequences in the lycopersicon genus, another member of the solanaceae family. hybridization experiments performed using tnt1 probes indicated that homologous sequences were present in all lycopersicon species, indicating t ... | 1999 | 10952198 |
| biochemical evidence for the activation of distinct subsets of mitogen-activated protein kinases by voltage and defense-related stimuli. | activation of mitogen-activated protein (map) kinases is a common reaction of plant cells in defense-related signal transduction pathways. to gain insight into the mechanisms that determine specificity in response to a particular stimulus, a biochemical approach has been employed. photoautotrophic suspension culture cells of tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum) were used as experimental system to characterize map kinase activation by different stress-related stimuli. an elicitor preparation of the t ... | 2002 | 11788772 |
| in vitro function of s rnases in lycopersicon peruvianum. | s rnases are products of the s locus that are expressed in the stylar tissue of lycopersicon peruvianum with the gametophytic self-incompatibility (si) system. two s rnases (s12 and sa) with rnase activity from the s12sa genotype of l. peruvianum were purified using gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography. the molecular masses of the two rnases, s12 and sa, were 21 and 23.1 kda, respectively. the specific activities of s12 and sa for torula yeast rrna as a substrate were 8,500 and 6,00 ... | 2001 | 11804331 |
| metabolizable and non-metabolizable sugars activate different signal transduction pathways in tomato. | to gain insight into the regulatory mechanisms of sugar signaling in plants, the effect of derivatives of the transport sugar sucrose (suc), the suc isomers palatinose and turanose, and the suc analog fluoro-suc were tested. photo-autotrophic suspension culture cells of tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum) were used to study their effect on the regulation of marker genes of source and sink metabolism, photosynthesis, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks). suc and glucose (g ... | 2002 | 11950996 |
| selective activation of the developmentally regulated ha hsp17.6 g1 promoter by heat stress transcription factors. | using two well-characterized heat stress transcription factors (hsfs) from tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum; lphsfa1 and lphsfa2), we analyzed the transcriptional activation of the ha hsp17.6 g1 promoter in sunflower (helianthus annuus) embryos. in this system, we observed transient promoter activation only with lphsfa2. in contrast, both factors were able to activate mutant versions of the promoter with improved consensus hsf-binding sites. exclusive activation by lphsfa2 was also observed in ye ... | 2002 | 12114574 |
| formation of di-isodityrosine and loss of isodityrosine in the cell walls of tomato cell-suspension cultures treated with fungal elicitors or h2o2. | about 84% of the hydroxyproline residues in a cell culture of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum x lycopersicon peruvianum) were present in phenol-inextractable (i.e. covalently wall-bound) material. treatment of the cells with any of three fungal elicitors (wall fragments from phytophthora megasperma and pythium aphanidermatum and xylanase from aureobasidium pullulans) or with 1 mm h2o2 had little effect on the quantity of phenolinextractable hydroxyproline per milligram of freeze-dried cells. how ... | 1997 | 12223793 |
| purification and partial characterization of tomato extensin peroxidase. | early plant defense response is characterized by elevation of activity of peroxidases and enhanced insolubilization of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, such as extensin, in the cell wall. the insolubilization process (cross-linking between soluble extensin precursor molecules) is catalyzed by extensin peroxidases. we have ionically eluted extensin peroxidases from intact water-washed suspension-cultured tomato (hybrid of lycopersicon esculentum mill. and lycopersicon peruvianum l. [mill.]) cel ... | 1995 | 12228657 |
| detection and differentiation of serologically cross-reacting tobamoviruses of economical importance by rt-pcr and rt-pcr-rflp. | a procedure involving reverse transcription followed by the polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using a single primer pair was developed for the detection of five tobamovirus species which are related serologically. either with a subsequent restriction enzyme analysis (rt-pcr-rflp) or with a rt-pcr using species specific primers the five species can be differentiated. to differentiate those species by serological means is time consuming and might give ambiguous results. with the example of the is ... | 2002 | 12367724 |
| [microprotoplasts as an efficient technique for chromosome transfer between incompatible plant species]. | the perspectives of restricted plant genome transfer by means of fusion of isolated microprotoplasts containing one or few chromosomes with recipient protoplasts are considered. efficiency of the usage of antimicrotubular compounds such as phosphoroamidates (amiprophosmethyl and cremart), dinitroanilines (oryzalin) as well as propizamide and microtubule organising center disrupters (griseofulvin and phenylcarbamates) for micronucleation are analyzed. advantages of the combined usage of antimicro ... | 2003 | 12774516 |
| role of hsp17.4-cii as coregulator and cytoplasmic retention factor of tomato heat stress transcription factor hsfa2. | hsfa2 is a heat stress (hs)-induced hsf in peruvian tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum) and the cultivated form lycopersicon esculentum. due to the high activator potential and the continued accumulation during repeated cycles of heat stress and recovery, hsfa2 becomes a dominant hsf in thermotolerant cells. the formation of heterooligomeric complexes with hsfa1 leads to nuclear retention and enhanced transcriptional activity of hsfa2. this effect seems to represent one part of potential molecular ... | 2004 | 15247379 |
| gene shuffling-generated and natural variants of the tomato resistance gene cf-9 exhibit different auto-necrosis-inducing activities in nicotiana species. | tomato cf genes encode membrane-bound proteins with extracellular leucine-rich repeats, and confer resistance to the fungal tomato pathogen cladosporium fulvum, and a hypersensitive response (hr) to c. fulvum-derived race-specific elicitors. several cf genes, including cf-4 and cf-9, are members of the highly homologous hcr9 (homologues of c. fulvumresistance gene cf-9) gene family. hcr9s evolve mainly by sequence exchange between paralogues, by which novel cf genes may be generated. to mimic th ... | 2004 | 15584959 |
| comparison of the complete sequences of three different isolates of pepino mosaic virus: size variability of the tgbp3 protein between tomato and l. peruvianum isolates. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the genomes of two spanish isolates (le-2000 and le-2002) from tomato and one peruvian isolate (lp-2001) from lycopersicon peruvianum of the pepino mosaic virus (pepmv) were determined. the tomato isolates share identities higher than 99%, while the genome of lp-2001 had mean nucleotide identities of 95.6% to 96.0% with tomato isolates. the predicted amino acid sequences showed similarities ranging between 95.2% and 100% with tgbp3 and tgbp2 and cp proteins, r ... | 2004 | 15592891 |
| host-directed processing of citrus exocortis viroid. | prolonged infection of tomato hybrid (lycopersicon esculentum x lycopersicon peruvianum) by citrus exocortis viroid (cevd) resulted in viroid-like enlarged structures, detected by gel electrophoresis. this population included two new enlarged variants or d-variants, d-87 and d-76, and three transient species or d-forms, d-38, d-40 and d-43. sequence analyses exposed a locus near the terminal repeat region where major changes appeared consistently. in transmission tests to cevd hosts, a variety o ... | 2005 | 15659768 |
| retrolyc1-1, a member of the tntl retrotransposon super-family in the lycopersicon peruvianum genome. | retrotransposons are ubiquitous mobile genetic elements that transpose through an rna intermediate. one of the best known plant retrotransposon, tnt1, was isolated from tobacco and showed an extensive distribution in the nicotiana genus. we investigated the presence of related sequences in the lycopersicon genus, another member of the solanaceae family. hybridization experiments performed using tnt1 probes indicated that homologous sequences were present in all lycopersicon species, indicating t ... | 1999 | 16220396 |
| qtl identification for early blight resistance (alternaria solani) in a solanum lycopersicum x s. arcanum cross. | alternaria solani (ellis and martin) sorauer, the causal agent of early blight (eb) disease, infects aerial parts of tomato at both seedling and adult plant stages. resistant cultivars would facilitate a sustainable eb management. eb resistance is a quantitatively expressed character, a fact that has hampered effective breeding. in order to identify and estimate the effect of genes conditioning resistance to eb, a quantitative trait loci (qtl) mapping study was performed in f2 and f3 populations ... | 2007 | 17093974 |
| the mi-9 gene from solanum arcanum conferring heat-stable resistance to root-knot nematodes is a homolog of mi-1. | resistance conferred by the mi-1 gene from solanum peruvianum is effective and widely used for limiting root-knot nematode (meloidogyne spp.) yield loss in tomato (solanum lycopersicum), but the resistance is ineffective at soil temperatures above 28 degrees c. previously, we mapped the heat-stable resistance gene mi-9 in solanum arcanum accession la2157 to the short arm of chromosome 6, in a genetic interval as mi-1 and the cladosporium fulvum resistance gene cf2. we developed a fine map of the ... | 2007 | 17172289 |
| microprotoplast-mediated transfer of single specific chromosomes between sexually incompatible plants. | microprotoplast-mediated chromosome transfer (mmct) through fusion of small (subdiploid) microprotoplasts of a transgenic triploid potato (solanum tuberosum) cell line with leaf protoplasts of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) and the wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum is reported. the microprotoplasts contained one or a few chromosomes. monosomic addition plants were produced from the fusion products. we employed mass-scale induction of micronuclei in donor suspension cells of potato using t ... | 1996 | 18469945 |
| molecular dissection of tomato leaf curl virus resistance in tomato line ty172 derived from solanum peruvianum. | tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) is devastating to tomato (solanum lycopersicum) crops and resistant cultivars are highly effective in controlling the disease. the breeding line ty172, originating from solanum peruvianum, is highly resistant to tylcv. to map quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling tylcv resistance in ty172, appropriate segregating populations were analyzed using 69 polymorphic dna markers spanning the entire tomato genome. results show that tylcv resistance in ty172 is c ... | 2009 | 19455299 |
| polymorphic change of appressoria by the tomato powdery mildew oidium neolycopersici on host tomato leaves reflects multiple unsuccessful penetration attempts. | the appressorial shapes of the powdery mildews are an important clue to the taxonomy of the powdery mildew fungi, but the conidia of the tomato powdery mildew oidium neolycopersici ktp-01 develop non-lobed, nipple-shaped, and moderately lobed or multilobed appressoria on the same leaves. to remove this ambiguity, we performed consecutive observations of sequential appressorial development of ktp-01 conidia with a high-fidelity digital microscope. highly germinative conidia of ktp-01, collected f ... | 2010 | 21036335 |
| evaluation of a sumo e2 conjugating enzyme involved in resistance to clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in solanum peruvianum, through a tomato mottle virus vigs assay. | clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (cmm) causes bacterial wilt and canker of tomato. currently, no solanum lycopersicum resistant varieties are commercially available, but some degree of cmm resistance has been identified in solanum peruvianum. previous research showed up-regulation of a sumo e2 conjugating enzyme (scei) transcript in s. peruvianum compared to s. lycopersicum following infection with cmm. in order to test the role of scei in resistance to cmm, a fragment of scei from ... | 2015 | 26734014 |
| a study of karyotypes and their alterations in cultured and agrobacterium transformed roots of lycopersicon peruvianum mill. | organ culture, plant regeneration from callus culture, and hairy root disease caused by agrobacterium rhizogenes were utilized as methods of rapid in vitro propagation in lycopersicon peruvianum mill. a detailed and comparative karyotype analysis of the resulting material under such in vitro conditions revealed karyotypic stability under organ culture method, ploidy change in callus derived plants, and minor structural alterations of chromosomes in roots transformed by a. rhizogenes. | 1985 | 24247391 |
| tomato heat stress transcription factor hsfb1 represents a novel type of general transcription coactivator with a histone-like motif interacting with the plant creb binding protein ortholog hac1. | in contrast with the class a heat stress transcription factors (hsfs) of plants, a considerable number of hsfs assigned to classes b and c have no evident function as transcription activators on their own. however, in the following article, we provide evidence that tomato (lycopersicon peruvianum) hsfb1 represents a novel type of coactivator cooperating with class a hsfs (e.g., with tomato hsfa1). provided the appropriate promoter architecture, the two hsfs assemble into an enhanceosome-like com ... | 2004 | 15131252 |
| localization of genes for bacterial canker resistance in lycopersicon peruvianum using rflps. | a backcross population of the l. peruvianum accession la 2157, which is resistant to bacterial canker caused by clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis, with the susceptible l. peruvianum accession la 2172 was evaluated for the segregation of c. michiganenis resistance and of rflp markers in order to map the loci involved in this resistance. the development of symptoms of the disease was scored using an ordinal scale. the mapping of the disease resistance was hampered by distorted segregati ... | 1995 | 24173936 |
| the heat-stable root-knot nematode resistance gene mi-9 from lycopersicon peruvianum is localized on the short arm of chromosome 6. | the tomato gene mi-1 confers resistance to three species of root-knot nematodes, meloidogyne spp. however, the resistance mediated by mi-1 is inactive at soil temperatures above 28 degrees c. previously, we identified and mapped a novel heat-stable nematode resistance gene from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum accession la2157 on to chromosome 6. here we report further characterization of this heat-stable resistance against three mi-1-avirulent biotypes of meloidogyne javanica, meloidogy ... | 2003 | 12589548 |
| resistance in lycopersicon peruvianum to isolates of mi gene-compatible meloidogyne populations. | root-knot nematode resistance of f progeny of an intraspecific hybrid (lycopersicon peruvianum var. glandulosum acc. no. 126443 x l. peruvianum acc. no. 270435), l. esculentum cv. piersol (possessing resistance gene mi), and l. esculentum cv. st. pierre (susceptible) was compared. resistance to 1) isolates of two meloidogyne incognita populations artificially selected for parasitism on tomato plants possessing the mi gene, 2) the wild type parent populations, 3) four naturally occurring resistan ... | 1990 | 19287762 |
| resistance-breaking population of meloidogyne incognita utilizes plant peroxidase to scavenge reactive oxygen species, thereby promoting parasitism on tomato carrying mi-1 gene. | resistance conferred by the mi-1 gene from solanum peruvianum is effective and widely used for controlling root-knot nematodes (rkns, meloidogyne spp.). however, breakdown of resistance by rkns seriously threatens the durable application of the resistance resource. here, a resistance-breaking population of m. incognita was selected from an avirulent population by continuously inoculating on mi-1-carrying tomato. histological observations showed the resistance-breaking population would not induce ... | 2017 | 27836538 |
| evolution of nematode-resistant mi-1 gene homologs in three species of solanum. | plants have evolved several defense mechanisms, including resistance genes. resistance to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita has been found in wild plant species. the molecular basis for this resistance has been best studied in the wild tomato solanum peruvianum and it is based on a single dominant gene, mi-1.2, which is found in a cluster of seven genes. this nematode attacks fiercely several crops, including potatoes. the genomic arrangement, number of copies, function and evolution ... | 2011 | 21207065 |
| reproduction of mi-virulent meloidogyne incognita isolates on lycopersicon spp. | selection of detectable numbers of mi-virulent root-knot nematodes has necessitated a greater understanding of nematode responses to new sources of resistance. during the course of this research, we compared the reproduction of four geographically distinct mi-virulent root-knot nematode isolates on three resistant accessions of lycopersicon peruvianum. each accession carried a different resistant gene, mi-3, mi-7, or mi-8. all nematode isolates were verified as meloidogyne incognita using diagno ... | 2004 | 19262789 |
| the tomato mi-1 gene confers resistance to both root-knot nematodes and potato aphids. | mi-1, a lycopersicon peruvianum gene conferring resistance to the agricultural pests, root-knot nematodes, and introgressed into tomato, has been cloned using a selective restriction fragment amplification based strategy. complementation analysis of a susceptible tomato line with a 100 kb cosmid array yielded a single cosmid clone capable of conferring resistance both to the root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita and to an unrelated pathogen, the potato aphid macrosiphum euphorbiae. this resis ... | 1998 | 9853621 |
| differentiation of meloidogyne incognita and m. arenaria novel resistance phenotypes in lycopersicon peruvianum and derived bridge-lines. | lycopersicon peruvianum pi 270435 clone 2r2 and pi 126443 clone 1mh were crossed reciprocally with three l. esculentum-l. peruvianum bridge-lines. the incongruity barrier between the two plant species was overcome; f1 progeny were obtained from crosses between four parental combinations without embryo-rescue culture. hybridity was confirmed by leaf and flower morphology and by the production of nematode-resistant f1 progeny on homozygous susceptible parents. clones of the five f1 bridgeline hybr ... | 1996 | 24162431 |
| relationships between meloidogyne incognita resistance genes in lycopersicon peruvianum differentiated by heat sensitivity and nematode virulence. | resistance to meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood in clones of lycopersicon peruvianum (l.) mill. pi 126443-1mh, 270435-2r2 and 2704353mh, their f1, a field-produced f2, and their test-cross (tc1) populations, was evaluated based on egg masses and eggs produced on root systems. reactions to m. incognita isolates differing in virulence to gene mi were determined at 25°c (mi expressed) and 32°c (mi not expressed). pi 126443-1mh, 270435-2r2, 270435-3mh, and their f1 progenies were res ... | 1996 | 24162430 |
| inheritance of heat-stable resistance to meloidogyne incognita in lycopersicon peruvianum and its relationship to the mi gene. | the inheritance of heat-stable resistance to the root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood, was studied in crosses between different accessions and clones of lycopersicon peruvianum l. f1, f2 and bc1 generations were evaluated for their index of resistance based on numbers of eggs and infective second-stage juveniles (j2) per gram of root, and the segregation ratios were determined in experiments carried out at constant soil temperatures of 25 °c and 30 °c. l. peruvia ... | 1993 | 24196050 |
| optimum initial inoculum levels for evaluation of resistance in tomato to meloidogyne spp. at two different soil temperatures. | the effects of meloidogyne incognita or m. javanica at five initial inoculum levels of 20, 100, 200, 1,000, and 2,000 eggs and infective juveniles per seedling on 'floradade,' 'nemarex,' 'patriot,' and 'pi 129149-2(sib)-5' tomatoes maintained at 25 or 32.5 c were studied. the number of egg masses on roots of the susceptible cultivar floradade was similar for both species of root-knot nematodes at either 2.5 or 32.5 c soil temperatures. at 25 c, very low numbers of egg masses were produced by bot ... | 1982 | 19295749 |
| root-knot nematode resistance genes in tomato and their potential for future use. | the gene mi, which confers resistance to several species of root-knot nematode, is present in many modern tomato cultivars. recent cloning of this gene revealed that it encodes a member of the plant resistance protein family characterized by the presence of a putative nucleotide binding site and a leucine-rich repeat. analysis of transgenic plants revealed the unexpected result that mi also confers resistance to potato aphids. although highly effective in many conditions, mi fails to confer resi ... | 1998 | 15012501 |
| genetic and physical localization of the root-knot nematode resistance locus mi in tomato. | as part of a map-based cloning strategy designed to isolate the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi, tomato f2 populations were analyzed in order to identify recombination points close to this economically important gene. a total of 21,089 f2 progeny plants were screened using morphological markers. an additional 1887 f2 were screened using pcr-based flanking markers. fine-structure mapping of recombinants with newly developed aflp markers, and rflp markers derived from physically mapped cosmi ... | 1998 | 9520273 |
| identification of resistance to meloidogyne javanica in the lycopersicon peruvianum complex. | clones of lycopersicon peruvianum pi 2704352r2, pi 270435-3mh and pi 126443-1mh expressed novel resistance to three mi-avirulent m. javanica isolates in greenhouse experiments. clones from pi 126443-1mh were resistant to the three m. javanica isolates at 25°c. the three isolates were able to reproduce on one embryorescue hybrid of pi 126443-1mh, but not on three l. peruvianum-l. esculentum bridge-line hybrids of pi 1264431mh when screened at 25°c (mi-expressed temperature). clones of pi 270435-2 ... | 1996 | 24162423 |
| mapping a new nematode resistance locus in lycopersicon peruvianum. | accessions of the wild tomato species l. peruvianum were screened with a root-knot nematode population (557r) which infects tomato plants carrying the nematode resistance gene mi. several accessions were found to carry resistance to 557r. a l. peruvianum backcross population segregating for resistance to 557r was produced. the segregation ratio of resistant to susceptible plants suggested that a single, dominant gene was a major factor in the new resistance. this gene, which we have designated m ... | 1995 | 24169835 |
| the root-knot nematode resistance gene (mi) in tomato: construction of a molecular linkage map and identification of dominant cdna markers in resistant genotypes. | a dominant allele at the mi locus on chromosome 6 of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill) confers resistance to three species of root-knot nematodes (meloidogyne). the resistance, which is associated with a localized necrotic response, was originally introduced into tomato from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum. as a step towards the molecular cloning of mi, we have identified closely linked dna markers from both cdna and genomic dna libraries as restriction fragment length polymorphisms ... | 1992 | 1302643 |
| rflp markers linked to the root knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato. | the mi gene originating from the wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum confers resistance to all major root knot nematodes (meloidogyne spp.). this single dominant gene is located on chromosome 6 and is very closely linked to the acid phosphatase-1 (aps-1) locus. resistance to nematodes has been introgressed into various cultivars of the cultivated tomato (l. esculentum), in many cultivars along with the linked l. peruvianum aps-1 (1) allele. by using a pair of nearly isogenic lines differ ... | 1991 | 24221383 |
| acid phosphatase-1(1), a tightly linked molecular marker for root-knot nematode resistance in tomato: from protein to gene, using pcr and degenerate primers containing deoxyinosine. | with a view to cloning the root-knot nematode resistance gene mi in tomato by chromosome walking, we have developed a molecular probe for the tightly linked acid phosphatase-1 (aps-1) locus. the acid phosphatase-1 allozyme (aps-1(1], encoded by the aps-1(1) allele originating from lycopersicon peruvianum, was purified to apparent homogeneity from tomato roots and suspension cells. microsequencing of cnbr and tryptic peptides generated from aps-1(1) provided a partial amino acid sequence, which a ... | 1991 | 1651125 |
| photosynthetically active suspension cultures of potato spindle tuber viroid infected tomato cells as tools for studying viroid - host cell interaction. | photosynthetically active callus and cell suspension cultures were established from uninfected lycopersicon peruvianum plants and from uninfected and potato spindle tuber viroid (pstvd) infected plants of lycopersicon esculentum cv. rutgers. viroid infection was maintained in photoheterotrophic culture on media containing 3% sucrose, but during continuous photo-mixotrophic culture in low sucrose media (1% sucrose), the level of pstvd accumulation decreased. photoautotrophic cell suspensions coul ... | 1993 | 24201870 |
| cell death triggering and effector recognition by sw-5 sd-cnl proteins from resistant and susceptible tomato isolines to tomato spotted wilt virus. | only a limited number of dominant resistance genes acting against plant viruses have been cloned, and further functional studies of these have been almost entirely limited to the resistance genes rx against potato virus x (pvx) and n against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). recently, the cell-to-cell movement protein (nsm ) of tomato spotted wilt virus (tswv) has been identified as the avirulence determinant (avr) of sw-5b-mediated resistance, a dominant resistance gene which belongs to the class of ... | 2016 | 27271212 |
| construction of a high-resolution genetic map and yac-contigs in the tomato tm-2a region. | with the ultimate goal of cloning the tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) resistance gene tm-2a from tomato by means of positional cloning, a high-resolution map of a 4.3-cm region surrounding the tm-2a gene has been constructed. in total, 13 rflp and rapd markers were mapped in close proximity to tm-2a using 2112 individuals from an intraspecific lycopersicon peruvianum backcross. the closest flanking markers were separated from tm-2a by 0.05 cm on each side. only one marker, the cdna clone r12, co-segr ... | 1996 | 24162222 |
| rflp analysis of the size of chromosomal segments retained around the tm-2 locus of tomato during backcross breeding. | genes introduced into cultivated plants by backcross breeding programs are flanked by introgressed segments of dna derived from the donor parent. this phenomenon is known as linkage drag and is frequently thought to affect traits other than the one originally targeted. the tm-2 gene of lycopersicon peruvianum, which confers resistance to tobacco mosaic virus, was introduced into several different tomato cultivars (l. esculentum) by repeated backcrossing. we have measured the sizes of the introgr ... | 1989 | 24232612 |
| herbivory-mediated pollinator limitation: negative impacts of induced volatiles on plant-pollinator interactions. | although induced plant responses to herbivory are well studied as mechanisms of resistance, how induction shapes community interactions and ultimately plant fitness is still relatively unknown. using a wild tomato, solanum peruvianum, native to the peruvian andes, we evaluated the disruption of pollination as a potential ecological cost of induced responses. more specifically, we tested the hypothesis that metabolic changes in herbivore-attacked plants, such as the herbivore-induced emission of ... | 2011 | 21939073 |
| why to account for finite sites in population genetic studies and how to do this with jaatha 2.0. | with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, large data sets of several thousand loci from multiple conspecific individuals are available. such data sets should make it possible to obtain accurate estimates of population genetic parameters, even for complex models of population history. in the analyses of large data sets, it is difficult to consider finite-sites mutation models (fsms). here, we use extensive simulations to demonstrate that the inclusion of fsms is necessary to avo ... | 2013 | 24198930 |
| a genotype-specific pollen gene associated with self-incompatibility in lycopersicon peruvianum. | self-incompatibility is a genetically controlled process used to prevent self-pollination. we report here the characterization of pollen cdna clones of lycopersicon peruvianum, and the identification of a genotype-specific pollen factor involved in self-incompatibility. to identify the latter, differential mrna display rt-pcr was performed on pollen cdnas from s12sa and s11sa genotypes. we isolated four cdna fragments expressed preferentially in s12sa pollen, and screened a cdna library from s12 ... | 2003 | 14651271 |
| cytosolic heat-stress proteins hsp17.7 class i and hsp17.3 class ii of tomato act as molecular chaperones in vivo. | small heat-stress proteins (shsps) are the most abundant stress-induced proteins with up to 20 different members in higher plants. in the cytoplasm, two different classes can be distinguished. two cdna clones from tomato lycopersicon peruvianum (l.) mill., each coding for one of the cytoplasmic shsp subfamilies, were analyzed with respect to their transcript and protein expression, genome organization and chaperone activity. neither type was present under control conditions but both appeared upo ... | 2000 | 11030557 |
| an aphid-resistance locus is tightly linked to the nematode-resistance gene, mi, in tomato. | tomato lines from diverse breeding programs were evaluated in the field for resistance to a natural infestation of the potato aphid, macrosiphum euphorbiae, in davis, ca. it was noted that all lines that carried the nematode-resistance gene, mi, displayed aphid resistance. a greenhouse assay for aphid resistance was developed to investigate this relationship. association of nematode and aphid resistances in near-isogenic lines suggested that these traits are tightly linked. analysis of an f2 pop ... | 1995 | 11607509 |
| cloning and expression analysis of heat-shock transcription factor gene cahsfa2 from pepper (capsicum annuum l.). | the heat-shock transcription factor (hsf) gene cahsfa2 (genbank accession no. jx402923) was cloned from the capsicum annuum thermotolerant line r9 by combining the techniques electron cloning and rapid amplification of cdna ends. the gene, which is 1436 bp in length, had an open reading frame of 1089 bp that encoded 362 amino acids. there was an 831-bp intron between positions 321 and 322 of the cdna. the deduced amino acid sequence of cahsfa2 contained the conserved domains of hsf, including dn ... | 2014 | 24668674 |
| do potatoes and tomatoes have a single evolutionary history, and what proportion of the genome supports this history? | phylogenies reconstructed with only one or a few independently inherited loci may be unresolved or incongruent due to taxon and gene sampling, horizontal gene transfer, or differential selection and lineage sorting at individual loci. in an effort to remedy this situation, we examined the utility of conserved orthologous set (cosii) nuclear loci to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among 29 diploid solanum species in the sister clades that include tomato and potato, and in datura inoxia a ... | 2009 | 19664206 |
| the tomato (solanum lycopersicum cv. micro-tom) natural genetic variation rg1 and the della mutant procera control the competence necessary to form adventitious roots and shoots. | despite the wide use of plant regeneration for biotechnological purposes, the signals that allow cells to become competent to assume different fates remain largely unknown. here, it is demonstrated that the regeneration1 (rg1) allele, a natural genetic variation from the tomato wild relative solanum peruvianum, increases the capacity to form both roots and shoots in vitro; and that the gibberellin constitutive mutant procera (pro) presented the opposite phenotype, reducing organogenesis on eithe ... | 2012 | 22915742 |
| retrolyc1 subfamilies defined by different u3 ltr regulatory regions in the lycopersicon genus. | retrolycl, a ty1/copia-like element, was originally isolated from the lycopersicon peruvianum genome and shown to be present also in other lycopersicon species. it shares extensive similarities with tntl, except in its u3 regulatory region. in order to evaluate retrolycl diversity, we analyzed partial sequences including both coding domains and the u3 regulatory region in four different species of the lycopersicon genus. two retrolycl subfamilies defined by different u3 regions were identified. ... | 2001 | 11589575 |
| mapping oi-4, a gene conferring resistance to oidium neolycopersici and originating from lycopersicon peruvianum la2172, requires multi-allelic, single-locus markers. | lycopersicon peruvianum la2172 is completely resistant to oidium neolycopersici, the causal agent of tomato powdery mildew. despite the large genetic distance between the cultivated tomato and l. peruvianum, fertile f1 hybrids of l. esculentum cv. money maker x l.peruvianum la2172 were produced, and a pseudo-f2 population was generated by mating f, half-sibs. the disease tests on the pseudo-f2 population and two bc,families showed that the resistance in la2172 is governed by one dominant gene, d ... | 2004 | 15340683 |
| incidence and developmental timing of endosperm failure in post-zygotic isolation between wild tomato lineages. | defective hybrid seed development in angiosperms might mediate the rapid establishment of intrinsic post-zygotic isolation between closely related species. extensive crosses within and among three lineages of wild tomatoes (solanum section lycopersicon) were performed to address the incidence, developmental timing and histological manifestations of hybrid seed failure. these lineages encompass different, yet fairly recent, divergence times and both allopatric and partially sympatric pairs. | 2017 | 29280998 |
| genetic structure of the four wild tomato species in the solanum peruvianum s.l. species complex. | the most diverse wild tomato species solanum peruvianum sensu lato (s.l.) has been reclassified into four separate species: solanum peruvianum sensu stricto (s.s.), solanum corneliomuelleri, solanum huaylasense, and solanum arcanum. however, reproductive barriers among the species are incomplete and this can lead to discrepancies regarding genetic identity of germplasm. we used genotyping by sequencing (gbs) of s. peruvianum s.l., solanum neorickii, and solanum chmielewskii to develop tens of th ... | 2014 | 24884691 |
| evidence of cryptic introgression in tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.) based on wild tomato species alleles. | many highly beneficial traits (e.g. disease or abiotic stress resistance) have been transferred into crops through crosses with their wild relatives. the 13 recognized species of tomato (solanum section lycopersicon) are closely related to each other and wild species genes have been extensively used for improvement of the crop, solanum lycopersicum l. in addition, the lack of geographical barriers has permitted natural hybridization between s. lycopersicum and its closest wild relative solanum p ... | 2012 | 22871151 |
| ripening behavior of wild tomato species. | nine wild tomato species were surveyed for variability in ripening characteristics. external signs of ripening, age of fruit at ripening, and ethylene production patterns were compared. ethylene production was monitored using an ethylene-free air stream system and gas chromatography. based on these ripening characteristics, the fruits fell into three general categories: those that change color when they ripen, green-fruited species that abscise prior to ripening, and green-fruited species that r ... | 1981 | 16662121 |
| population genomics in wild tomatoes-the interplay of divergence and admixture. | hybridization between closely related plant species is widespread, but the outcomes of hybridization are not fully understood. this study investigates phylogenetic relationships and the history of hybridization in the wild tomato clade (solanum sect. lycopersicon). we sequenced rna from individuals of 38 different populations and, by combining this with published data, build a comprehensive genomic data set for the entire clade. the data indicate that many taxa are not monophyletic and many indi ... | 2017 | 29077853 |
| different combinations of morpho-physiological traits are responsible for tolerance to drought in wild tomatoes solanum chilense and solanum peruvianum. | herbaceous species can modify leaf structure during the growing season in response to drought stress and water loss. evolution can select combinations of traits in plants for efficient water use in restricted environments. we investigated plant traits that mediate adaptation and acclimation to water stress in two herbaceous drought-tolerant species. anatomical, morphological and physiological traits related to stems and leaves were examined under optimal watering (ow) and a long period of restri ... | 2016 | 26499789 |
| inference of seed bank parameters in two wild tomato species using ecological and genetic data. | seed and egg dormancy is a prevalent life-history trait in plants and invertebrates whose storage effect buffers against environmental variability, modulates species extinction in fragmented habitats, and increases genetic variation. experimental evidence for reliable differences in dormancy over evolutionary scales (e.g., differences in seed banks between sister species) is scarce because complex ecological experiments in the field are needed to measure them. to cope with these difficulties, we ... | 2011 | 21949404 |
| adaptation to drought in two wild tomato species: the evolution of the asr gene family. | wild tomato species are a valuable system in which to study local adaptation to drought: they grow in diverse environments ranging from mesic to extremely arid conditions. here, we investigate the evolution of members of the asr (aba/water stress/ripening induced) gene family, which have been reported to be involved in the water stress response. we analysed molecular variation in the asr gene family in populations of two closely related species, solanum chilense and solanum peruvianum. we conclu ... | 2011 | 21323928 |
| nucleotide diversity patterns of local adaptation at drought-related candidate genes in wild tomatoes. | we surveyed nucleotide diversity at two candidate genes lenced1 and plc30-15, involved in an aba (abscisic acid) signalling pathway, in two closely related tomato species solanum peruvianum and solanum chilense. our six population samples (three for each species) cover a range of mesic to very dry habitats. the aba pathway plays an important role in the plants' response to drought stress. lenced1 is an upstream gene involved in aba biosynthesis, and plc30-15 is a dehydrin gene positioned downstr ... | 2010 | 20831645 |
| using multilocus sequence data to assess population structure, natural selection, and linkage disequilibrium in wild tomatoes. | we employed a multilocus approach to examine the effects of population subdivision and natural selection on dna polymorphism in 2 closely related wild tomato species (solanum peruvianum and solanum chilense), using sequence data for 8 nuclear loci from populations across much of the species' range. both species exhibit substantial levels of nucleotide variation. the species-wide level of silent nucleotide diversity is 18% higher in s. peruvianum (pi(sil) approximately 2.50%) than in s. chilense ... | 2007 | 17675653 |
| introgressed and endogenous mi-1 gene clusters in tomato differ by complex rearrangements in flanking sequences and show sequence exchange and diversifying selection among homologues. | many plant disease resistance genes (r-genes) encode proteins characterized by the presence of a nucleotide-binding site (nbs) and a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) region and occur in clusters of related genes in plant genomes. one such gene, mi-1, confers isolate-specific resistance against root-knot nematodes, aphids and whiteflies in cultivated tomato, solanum lycopersicon. the dna region carrying mi-1 and six closely related sequences was introgressed into tomato from solanum peruvianum in the 19 ... | 2007 | 17318492 |
| fine mapping of the nematode resistance gene mi-3 in solanum peruvianum and construction of a s. lycopersicum dna contig spanning the locus. | currently, the only genetic resistance against root-knot nematodes in the cultivated tomato solanum lycopersicum (lycopersicon esculentum) is due to the gene mi-1. another resistance gene, mi-3, identified in the related wild species solanum peruvianum (lycopersicon peruvianum) confers resistance to nematodes that are virulent on tomato lines that carry mi-1, and is effective at temperatures at which mi-1 is not effective (above 30 degrees c). two s. peruvianum populations segregating for mi-3 w ... | 2005 | 16021467 |
| convergence of signaling pathways induced by systemin, oligosaccharide elicitors, and ultraviolet-b radiation at the level of mitogen-activated protein kinases in lycopersicon peruvianum suspension-cultured cells. | we tested whether signaling pathways induced by systemin, oligosaccharide elicitors (oes), and ultraviolet (uv)-b radiation share common components in lycopersicon peruvianum suspension-cultured cells. these stress signals all induce mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) activity. in desensitization assays, we found that pretreatment with systemin and oes transiently reduced the mapk response to a subsequent treatment with the same or a different elicitor. in contrast, mapk activity in respons ... | 2003 | 12913131 |
| suramin inhibits initiation of defense signaling by systemin, chitosan, and a beta-glucan elicitor in suspension-cultured lycopersicon peruvianum cells. | systemin-mediated defense signaling in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum) plants is analogous to the cytokine-mediated inflammatory response in animals. herein, we report that the initiation of defense signaling in suspension-cultured cells of lycopersicon peruvianum by the peptide systemin, as well as by chitosan and beta-glucan elicitor from phytophtora megasperma, is inhibited by the polysulfonated naphtylurea compound suramin, a known inhibitor of cytokine and growth factor receptor interactio ... | 2000 | 10922047 |
| fertile asymmetric somatic hybrids between lycopersicon esculentum mill. and lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum dun. | thirteen nuclear asymmetric hybrids were regenerated under selective conditions following fusion of chlorophyll-deficient protoplasts from cultivated tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) and gamma-irradiated protoplasts from the wild species lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum dun. all hybrid plants were classified as being asymmetric based on morphological traits, chromosome numbers and isozyme patterns. the majority of the hybrids inherited lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum chloroplast ... | 1993 | 8437587 |
| enzymic components of sucrose accumulation in the wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum. | sugar and soluble solids content and invertase (ec 3.2.1.26), sucrose synthase (ec 2.4.1.13), and sucrose phosphate synthase (ec 2.4.1.14) enzyme activities were measured throughout fruit development in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) and the green fruited species lycopersicon peruvianum. fruit of l. peruvianum accumulated predominantly sucrose, in contrast with hexose accumulation, which is characteristic of l. esculentum. the percentage of soluble solids in ripe l. peruvianum fruit was ... | 1992 | 16668869 |
| organelle analysis of symmetric and asymmetric hybrids between lycopersicon peruvianum and lycopersicon esculentum. | the organelles of somatic hybrids obtained from symmetric and asymmetric fusions between the lycopersicon species l. peruvianum and l. esculentum were analyzed by dna hybridization methods. in the asymmetric fusions the l. peruvianum protoplasts were gamma-irradiated at a dose of 50, 300 and 1,000 gy. the organelles were characterized using the petunia chloroplast probe ppcy64 and the mitochondrial ecori-sali fragment of the pcf gene. in all symmetric and asymmetric hybrid plants, a total of 73 ... | 1991 | 24221203 |
| asymmetric somatic hybrids between lycopersicon esculentum and irradiated lycopersicon peruvianum : 2. analysis with marker genes. | asymmetric somatic hybrids of lycopersicon esculentum and lycopersicon peruvianum were analysed for the retention of genes and alleles specific for l. peruvianum. the hybrids were obtained by fusion of protoplasts from l. esculentum with those of l. peruvianum (the donor), the latter having been irradiated before fusion with 50, 300 or 1,000 gy of gamma-rays. the retention of three different types of genes or alleles was analysed. (1) the gene coding for kanamycin resistance, which is dominant a ... | 1990 | 24221074 |
| asymmetric somatic hybrids between lycopersicon esculentum and irradiated lycopersicon peruvianum : 1. cytogenetics and morphology. | asymmetric somatic hybrids of lycopersicon esculentum and lycopersicon peruvianum were obtained by fusion of leaf protoplasts from both species after irradiation of protoplasts or leaf tissue of l. peruvianum with 50, 300, or 1,000 gy of gamma-rays. these radiation doses were sufficient to abolish the growth of the l. peruvianum protoplasts. the hybrids were selected for their ability to regenerate plants; this regeneration capacity derived from l. peruvianum. all asymmetric hybrid plants were a ... | 1990 | 24220961 |
| use of an interspecific hybrid in identifying a new allelic specificity generated at the self-incompatibility locus after inbreeding in lycopersicon peruvianum. | an interspecific hybrid between lycopersicon esculentum (♀) and l. peruvianum has been raised by embryo rescue in vitro and used to confirm the presence of a new s-allelic specificity in its inbred l. peruvianum parent, a plant derived by enforced bud self-pollination of a self-incompatible clone with the genotype s 1 s 2. the inbred plant showed breeding behavior characteristic of both s 2 and a second specificity which was not s 1, s 2, s 3 or s f. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of stylar ... | 1986 | 24240856 |
| different regeneration potential of mesophyll protoplasts from cultivated and a wild species of tomato. | mesophyll protoplasts were isolated from leaves of three cultivars of lycopersicon esculentum (l.) mill., namely "hilda 72", "rutgers" and "rentita", and from the wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum (l.) mill. protoplasts from l. peruvianum divided and grew actively in a liquid medium according to zapata et al. (1977), whereas protoplasts from the tomato cultivars "hilda 72" and "rutgers" showed comparable rates for cell division only, when the content of major elements in this medium wa ... | 1980 | 24311271 |
| functional reduction in pollination through herbivore-induced pollinator limitation and its potential in mutualist communities. | plant-pollinator interactions are complex because they are affected by both interactors' phenotypes and external variables. herbivory is one external variable that can have divergent effects on the individual and the population levels depending on specific phenotypic plastic responses of a plant to herbivory. in the wild tomato, solanum peruvianum, herbivory limits pollinator visits, which reduces individual plant fitness due to herbivore-induced chemical defenses and signaling on pollinators (h ... | 2017 | 29229901 |
| genomic imprinting in the endosperm is systematically perturbed in abortive hybrid tomato seeds. | hybrid seed failure represents an important postzygotic barrier to interbreeding among species of wild tomatoes (solanum section lycopersicon) and other flowering plants. we studied genome-wide changes associated with hybrid seed abortion in the closely related solanum peruvianum and s. chilense where hybrid crosses yield high proportions of inviable seeds due to endosperm failure and arrested embryo development. based on differences of seed size in reciprocal hybrid crosses and developmental ev ... | 2016 | 27601611 |
| epistatic selection and coadaptation in the prf resistance complex of wild tomato. | natural selection imposed by pathogens is a strong and pervasive evolutionary force structuring genetic diversity within their hosts' genomes and populations. as a model system for understanding the genomic impact of host-parasite coevolution, we have been studying the evolutionary dynamics of disease resistance genes in wild relatives of the cultivated tomato species. in this study, we investigated the sequence variation and evolutionary history of three linked genes involved in pathogen resist ... | 2014 | 24997333 |
| optimized expression of the dirigent protein atdir6 in pichia pastoris and impact of glycosylation on protein structure and function. | phenoxy radical coupling reactions are involved in the biosynthesis of lignans in planta. interestingly, the reaction can be guided by dirigent proteins, which mediate the stereoselective formation of either (+) or (-)-pinoresinol from coniferyl alcohol. so far, the mechanism is poorly understood, and for detailed mechanistic studies, a heterologous expression platform which allows the cost-effective, fast, and robust expression in high yields is needed. we established a reliable, high-yield fed ... | 2013 | 23188459 |
| balancing selection at the tomato rcr3 guardee gene family maintains variation in strength of pathogen defense. | coevolution between hosts and pathogens is thought to occur between interacting molecules of both species. this results in the maintenance of genetic diversity at pathogen antigens (or so-called effectors) and host resistance genes such as the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) in mammals or resistance (r) genes in plants. in plant-pathogen interactions, the current paradigm posits that a specific defense response is activated upon recognition of pathogen effectors via interaction with their ... | 2012 | 22829777 |
| trans-species polymorphism and allele-specific expression in the cbf gene family of wild tomatoes. | abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperatures, and salinity have a strong impact on plant adaptation. they act as selective forces on plant physiology and morphology. these selective pressures leave characteristic footprints that can be detected at the dna sequence level using population genetic tools. on the basis of a candidate gene approach, we investigated signatures of adaptation in two wild tomato species, solanum peruvianum and s. chilense. these species are native to western sou ... | 2012 | 22787283 |
| population structure, demographic history, and evolutionary patterns of a green-fruited tomato, solanum peruvianum (solanaceae), revealed by spatial genetics analyses. | wild relatives of crop species have long been viewed as an important genetic resource for crop improvement, but basic information about the population biology of these species is often lacking. this study investigated the population structure, demographic history, and evolutionary patterns of a green-fruited relative of the cultivated tomato, solanum peruvianum. | 2012 | 22711557 |
| targets of selection in a disease resistance network in wild tomatoes. | studies combining comparative genomics and information on biochemical pathways have revealed that protein evolution can be affected by the amount of pleiotropy associated with a particular gene. the amount of pleiotropy, in turn, can be a function of the position at which a gene operates in a pathway and the pathway structure. genes that serve as convergence points and have several partners (so-called hubs) often show the greatest constraint and hence the slowest rate of protein evolution. in th ... | 2011 | 21726387 |
| functional gametophytic self-incompatibility in a peripheral population of solanum peruvianum (solanaceae). | the transition from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility is a common transition in angiosperms often reported in populations at the edge of species range limits. geographically distinct populations of wild tomato species (solanum section lycopersicon (solanaceae)) have been described as polymorphic for mating system with both self-incompatible and self-compatible populations. using controlled pollinations and sequencing of the s-rnase mating system gene, we test the compatibility status of ... | 2011 | 21119705 |
| population genetics of speciation in two closely related wild tomatoes (solanum section lycopersicon). | we present a multilocus sequencing study to assess patterns of polymorphism and divergence in the closely related wild tomato species, solanum peruvianum and s. chilense (solanum section lycopersicon, solanaceae). the data set comprises seven mapped nuclear loci (approximately 9.3 kb of analyzed sequence across loci) and four local population samples per species that cover much of the species' range (between 80 and 88 sequenced alleles across both species). we employ the analytical framework of ... | 2008 | 18202377 |
| [regeneration of cybrid lycopersicon peruvianum x (solanum rickii) plants with genetically transformed chloroplasts]. | the hybrid plants with transformed plastids were regenerated after peg fusion of chlorophyll-deficient lycopersicon peruvianum leaf mesophyll protoplasts and leaf mesophyll protoplasts of solanum rickii, which were previously genetically transformed and as the result were resistant to streptomycine and spectinomycine. the hybrid callus selection was based on the inability of the lycopersicon peruvianum minicalli to have the green coloration and on the inability of gamma-preirradiated solanum ric ... | 2009 | 16396314 |
| leralf, a plant peptide that regulates root growth and development, specifically binds to 25 and 120 kda cell surface membrane proteins of lycopersicon peruvianum. | a photoaffinity analog of tomato leaf ralf peptide (leralf), (125)i-azido-leralf, bound saturably to tomato suspension cultured cells in the dark in a classical receptor binding assay. classical kinetic analyses revealed that the analog interacted with a single binding site on the surface of the cells with a kd of 0.8x10(-9) m, typical of known peptide hormone-receptor interactions in both plants and animals. the (125)i-azido-leralf, when exposed to uvb light in the presence of the cells, strong ... | 2005 | 15909150 |
| [changes in solute content of different tomato genotypes under salt stress]. | two wild tomato species lycopersicon peruvianum la111, lycopersicon pennellii la716 and two cultivars "xianfeng 98-7", "jiaonong no.1" with different salt tolerance were treated with nacl 150 mmol/l, and to measure the inorganic ions na(+), k(+), ca(2+) contents and the organic compounds free proline, soluble sugar contents. the results indicated that under salt stress, the wild species accumulated much na(+) in young leaves, while cultivated species produced and accumulated much free proline an ... | 2004 | 15583416 |
| the systemin receptor sr160 from lycopersicon peruvianum is a member of the lrr receptor kinase family. | the isolation to homogeneity of the 160-kda systemin cell-surface receptor (sr160) from plasma membranes of suspension cultured cells of lycopersicon peruvianum is reported. the purification procedure resulted in recovery of 13 microg of pure receptor protein, representing an 8,200-fold purification. gel blot analyses using sr160-specific antibodies confirmed that a cross-reacting protein in the membranes of suspension-cultured cells comigrates with both the native and a deglycosylated form of t ... | 2002 | 12060717 |
| ultraviolet-b activates components of the systemin signaling pathway in lycopersicon peruvianum suspension-cultured cells. | among the early responses of lycopersicon peruvianum suspension-cultured cells to the polypeptide wound signal systemin are the alkalinization of the culture medium and the activation of a 48-kda mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk). here, we report that both responses are induced in the cells by exposure to ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation. suramin, an inhibitor of systemin receptor function, strongly inhibited the uv-b-induced medium alkalinization and mapk activity. the uv-b response was als ... | 2002 | 12034744 |
| granule-bound starch synthase (gbssi) gene phylogeny of wild tomatoes (solanum l. section lycopersicon [mill.] wettst. subsection lycopersicon). | eight wild tomato species are native to western south america and one to the galapagos islands. different classifications of tomatoes have been based on morphological or biological criteria. our primary goal was to examine the phylogenetic relationships of all nine wild tomato species and closely related outgroups, with a concentration on the most widespread and variable tomato species solanum peruvianum, using dna sequences of the structural gene granule-bound starch synthase (gbssi, or waxy). ... | 2001 | 21669622 |