| an account of the ticks of the northeastern of spain (acarina: ixodidae). | the tick species commonly collected at the northeast of spain are reported in this paper. data on hosts, temperature and humidity requirements, vegetation relationships, altitudinal distribution, and seasonal activity are included. r. sanguineus is commonly collected in areas with mediterranean vegetation, esteppe, and semi-desertic esteppe, ranging from 190 to 1,000 meters above the sea level. r. sanguineus is related with sparse vegetal areas, and it is absent from areas with dense shrub or fo ... | 1992 | 1290375 |
| patterns of spatio-temporal distribution of winter chronic photoinhibition in leaves of three evergreen mediterranean species with contrasting acclimation responses. | high irradiance and relatively low temperature, which characterize mediterranean winters, cause chilling stress in plants. downregulation of photosynthetic efficiency is a mechanism that allows plants to survive these conditions. this study aims to address whether this process shows a regular spatial pattern across leaf surface or not. three species (buxus sempervirens, cistus albidus and arctostaphylos uva-ursi) with contrasting responses to winter stress were studied. during 7 days, macro and ... | 2012 | 22150512 |
| acetonic extract of buxus sempervirens induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells. | plants are an invaluable source of potential new anti-cancer drugs. here, we investigated the cytotoxic activity of the acetonic extract of buxus sempervirens on five breast cancer cell lines, mcf7, mcf10ca1a and t47d, three aggressive triple positive breast cancer cell lines, and bt-20 and mda-mb-435, which are triple negative breast cancer cell lines. as a control, mcf10a, a spontaneously immortalized but non-tumoral cell line has been used. the acetonic extract of buxus sempervirens showed cy ... | 2011 | 21935420 |
| measurement of carbon flux through the mep pathway for isoprenoid synthesis by (31)p-nmr spectroscopy after specific inhibition of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate reductase. effect of light and temperature. | the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (mep) and the mevalonate pathways are the unique synthesis routes for the precursors of all isoprenoids. an original mean to measure the carbon flux through the mep pathway in plants is proposed by using cadmium as a total short-term inhibitor of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate (mecdp) reductase (gcpe) and measuring the accumulation rate of its substrate mecdp by (31) p-nmr spectroscopy. the mep pathway metabolic flux was determined in spinach (spina ... | 2011 | 21443577 |
| bioavailability of tungsten and associated metals in calcareous soils in the vicinity of an ancient metalliferous mine in the corbières area, southwestern france. | the mobility and bioavailability of tungsten and associated metals are examined in calcareous soils and subsequent bioaccumulation by four species of plants is determined. apparent bioavailability of metalliferous cations indicated by accepted monitoring methods and actual bioaccumulation is compared using regression analysis. two soil extraction procedures were used without significant correlation between the methods at all stages, with the exception of copper and arsenic. more importantly, per ... | 2009 | 19557608 |
| direct and indirect effects of imidacloprid on fecundity and abundance of eurytetranychus buxi (acari: tetranychidae) on boxwoods. | populations of spider mites often reach high levels on urban plants. in many cases, insecticide applications targeting other herbivores trigger outbreaks of spider mites. recently, elevated populations of spider mites on a diversity of plants in urban landscapes have been associated with applications of imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide. imidacloprid has also been linked to increased fecundity in two species of spider mites. in this study, we evaluated the indirect (plant-mediated) and d ... | 2013 | 23007227 |
| [how "ethics arguments" hinder research. with buxus sempervirens against aids?]. | | 1998 | 9648388 |
| efficacy and safety of buxus sempervirens l. preparations (spv(30)) in hiv-infected asymptomatic patients: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | the objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of two doses of spv(30) in hiv asymptomatic patients. the study was designed as a randomized double-blind multicentre trial of two doses of spv(30) (990 mg/d and 1980 mg/d) versus placebo. 145 previously untreated subjects with asymptomatic hiv infection (cdc group iv) and cd4 cell counts between 250 and 500 × 10(6)/1 were recruited. there was a statistically significant difference in therapeutic failures between groups in ... | 1998 | 23195692 |
| altitudinal and seasonal changes of phenolic compounds in buxus sempervirens leaves and cuticles. | the variation in the leaf content of phenolic compounds has been related to the uv-b changes of the environment in which plants grow. in this context, we aimed to investigate: a) whether the seasonal and altitudinal changes in the content of phenolic compounds of buxus sempervirens l. leaves and cuticles could be related to the natural fluctuations in uv-b levels and b) the possible use of specific phenolic compounds as biomarkers of ambient uv-b levels. to achieve these goals we sampled, every ... | 2013 | 23845826 |
| development of polymorphic genic-ssr markers by cdna library sequencing in boxwood, buxus spp. (buxaceae). | | 2014 | 25506525 |
| buxus alkaloids. xii. benzamide alkaloids from buxus sempervirens l. | | 1967 | 6060371 |
| observations on box (buxus sempervirens), with especial reference to the true nature of tetanus. | | 1876 | 20896469 |
| presence of inulin-type fructo-oligosaccharides and shift from raffinose family oligosaccharide to fructan metabolism in leaves of boxtree (buxus sempervirens). | fructans are known to occur in 15% of flowering plants and their accumulation is often associated with stress responses. typically, particular fructan types occur within particular plant families. the family of the buxaceae, harboring pachysandra terminalis, an accumulator of graminan- and levan-type fructans, also harbors boxtree (buxus sempervirens), a cold and drought tolerant species. surprisingly, boxtree leaves do not accumulate the expected graminan- and levan-type fructans, but small inu ... | 2016 | 26973663 |
| panonychus from georgia: survey, taxonomical status and redescription of p. hadzhibejliae (reck, 1947) (acari, tetranychidae). | a survey of panonychus species was undertaken across georgia from 2005 to 2014 on various host plants, revealing three species: panonychus citri (mcgregor, 1916), panonychus hadzhibejliae (reck, 1947) and panonychus ulmi (koch, 1836). new hosts for p. ulmi and p. citri are recorded, buxus sempervirens, hedera colchica and prunus laurocerasus for p. ulmi and ficus carica for p. citri, whereas p. hadzhibejliae was only found on f. carica. the newly collected material also allowed us to investigate ... | 2016 | 27395141 |
| phytophthora terminalis sp. nov. and phytophthora occultans sp. nov., two invasive pathogens of ornamental plants in europe. | in the past decade several phytophthora strains were isolated from diseased pachysandra terminalis plants suffering stem base and root rot, originating from the netherlands and belgium. all isolates were homothallic and had a felt-like colony pattern, produced semi-papillate sporangia, globose oogonia and had a maximum growth at ~ 27 c. several additional phytophthora strains were isolated from diseased buxus sempervirens plants, originating from the netherlands and belgium, which had sustained ... | 2015 | 25261495 |
| identification of compounds with efficacy against malaria parasites from common north american plants. | some of the most valuable antimalarial compounds, including quinine and artemisinin, originated from plants. while these drugs have served important roles over many years for the treatment of malaria, drug resistance has become a widespread problem. therefore, a critical need exists to identify new compounds that have efficacy against drug-resistant malaria strains. in the current study, extracts prepared from plants readily obtained from local sources were screened for activity against plasmodi ... | 2016 | 26722868 |
| vegetation geography of western part of elmacik mountain, turkey. | the study examines the western part of elmacik mountain from the perspective of vegetation geography. research area is within the phytogeographical region of euro-siberian that is among the flora and phytogeographical region of turkey. according to turkey's grid square system, the research area is located in the a3 square. the main elements of forest formation consist of fagus orientalis, abies nordmanniana subspp. bommuelleriana, pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana, pinus sylvestris, quercus spp., pl ... | 2012 | 23424832 |
| Selective Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Buxus sempervirens L. and their Molecular Docking Studies. | In this work, two alkaloids namely (+)-buxabenzamidienine (1) and (+)-buxamidine (2) were isolated from Buxus sempervirens, using bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation method. Their acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were studied and the compounds were found to be quite selective inhibitors of AChE. IC50 values of compound 1 for electric eel AChE and horse BChE were 0.787 and 7.68 mM, respectively; while the corresponding IC50 of compound 2 were 1.70 and ... | 2011 | 22050684 |
| acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some turkish medicinal plants. | the chloroform:medianol (1:1) extracts of a number of the plant species belonging to eight families, namely corydalis solida (l.) swartz subsp. solida and glaucium corniculatum (l.) j. h. rudolph (papaveraceae), rhododendron ponticum l. subsp. ponticum and rhododendron luteum sweet. (ericaceae), buxus sempervirens l. (buxaceae), vicia faba l. (fabaceae), robinia pseudoacacia l. (caeselpiniaceae), tribulus terrestris l. and zygophyllum fabago l. (zygophyllaceae), lycopodium clavatum l. (lycopodia ... | 2004 | 15036468 |
| new triterpenoidal alkaloids from buxus sempervirens. | phytochemical studies on the ethanolic extract of the roots of buxus sempervirens of turkish origin have resulted in the isolation of two new triterpenoidal alkaloids, (+)-16a, 31-diacetylbuxadine (1), (-)-nb-demethylcyclomikuranine (2) along with three known natural products, (-)-cyclomikuranine (3), (-)-cyclobuxophylline-k (4) and (+)-buxaquamarine (5) isolated for the first time from this species of genus buxus. the structures of these new natural products were established on the basis of ext ... | 2002 | 11926538 |
| [characterization of areas at parasitic risk for sheep reared by open grazing on the ranges of the causses. 2. protostrongylids]. | two pastures out of three in causse (center of france) were studied in june 1981 in order to characterize areas at risk for protostrongylids (small lung-worms). these pastures were grazed in rotation by a flock of 50 lacaune ewes. each pasture was divided into 13 areas on mixed criteria related either to vegetation or use of space by the ewes. the following parameters were measured on each area: density of the intermediate hosts (molluscs), their rate of infection, fecal biomass, type of vegetat ... | 1983 | 6660821 |
| effect of the steroidal alkaloid buxaminol-e on blood pressure, acetylcholinesterase activity and (3h)quinuclidinyl benzilate binding in cerebral cortex. | pharmacological properties of the steroidal alkaloid buxaminol-e isolated from buxus sempervirens varietas bullata were studied in relation to the cholinergic nervous system. in anaesthetised cats buxaminol-e (1.25 mumol/kg) initially induced a small short-lasting increase in blood pressure followed by marked hypotension. atropine (1.47 mumol/kg) inhibited the hypotensive effect almost completely and methylatropine (1.47 mumol/kg) partially. buxaminol-e and the muscarinic agonists mcn-a-343 and ... | 1991 | 1720559 |
| new steroidal alkaloids from the roots of buxus sempervirens | phytochemical studies on an etoh-soluble extract of the roots of buxus sempervirens of turkish origin have resulted in the isolation of three new steroidal alkaloids, (+)-semperviraminol (1), (+)-buxamine f (2), and (+)-17-oxocycloprotobuxine (3), along with two known steroidal alkaloids, (+)-buxoxybenzamine (4) and (+)-buxapapillinine (5). the structures of 1-3 were elucidated with the aid of spectroscopic studies. compounds 4 and 5 exhibited phytotoxic activity against lemna minor. | 1999 | 10346940 |
| four steroidal alkaloids from the leaves of buxus sempervirens. | four new steroidal alkaloids, n20-formylbuxaminol e [(20s)-16alpha-hydroxy-20-(formylamino)-3beta-(dimethylamino)-9,10 -seco-buxa-9(11),10(19)-diene] (1), o16-syringylbuxaminol e [(20s)-16alpha-syringoyl-3beta-(dimethylamino)-20-(amino)-9, 10-seco-buxa-9(11),10(19)-diene] (2), n20-acetylbuxamine g [(20s)-20-(acetylamino)-3beta-(methylamino)-9,10-seco-buxa-9(11),1 0(19)-diene] (3) and n20-acetylbuxamine e [(20s)-20-(acetylamino)-3beta-(dimethylamino)-9,10-seco-buxa-9(11) ,10(19)-diene] (4) were i ... | 2000 | 11014296 |
| contribution of benzenemethanethiol to smoky aroma of certain vitis vinifera l. wines. | benzenemethanethiol, a volatile thiol with a strong empyreumatic aroma reminiscent of smoke, has been identified in boxwood (buxus sempervirens l.) as well as in red and white vitis vinifera l. wines. the perception threshold in a model hydroalcoholic solution is approximately 0.3 ng/l. all of the wines analyzed for this study contained this compound in concentrations of several dozen nanograms per liter. the chardonnay wines had 30-40 ng/l. sensory discrimination between a wine containing 7 ng/ ... | 2003 | 12590483 |
| role of red carotenoids in photoprotection during winter acclimation in buxus sempervirens leaves. | the red leaf coloration of several plant species during autumn and winter is due to the synthesis of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanins or red carotenoids. the latter occur very rarely and are non-ubiquitous and taxonomically restricted compounds. the present study shows that the leaves of common box ( buxus sempervirens l.) accumulate red carotenoids (eschscholtzxanthin, monoanhydroeschscholtzxanthin, anhydroeschscholtzxanthin) as a response to photoinhibitory conditions during winter accl ... | 2004 | 15143441 |
| functional role of red (retro)-carotenoids as passive light filters in the leaves of buxus sempervirens l.: increased protection of photosynthetic tissues? | red (retro)-carotenoids accumulate in chloroplasts of buxus sempervirens leaves during the process of winter leaf acclimation. as a result of their irregular presence, different leaf colour phenotypes can be found simultaneously in the same location. five different colour phenotypes (green, brown, red, orange, and yellow), with a distinct pattern of pigment distribution and concentration, have been characterized. leaf reddening due to the presence of anthocyanins or carotenoids, is a process fre ... | 2005 | 16105855 |
| plasticity of photoprotective mechanisms of buxus sempervirens l. leaves in response to extreme temperatures. | summer 2003 was unusually hot in western europe, with local droughts and an intense heatwave, that led to a massive damage in vegetation. since high temperatures are supposed to generate photooxidative stress, we analysed photoprotective responses in leaves of the evergreen boxtree (buxus sempervirens l.) during summer 2003. all the photoprotective compounds analysed (alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and xanthophylls cycle pigments) were simultaneously induced in parallel with a reduction in pho ... | 2007 | 17006796 |
| short and efficient approach towards buxozine-c, an alkaloid from buxus sempervirens. | buxus alkaloids display a wide range of interesting pharmacological activities. here, we present a short and efficient approach towards one of the alkaloids, buxozine-c. the first synthesis has been achieved with 91% yield starting from cyclovirobuxine-d by forming a tetrahydro-oxazine ring with formaldehyde at room temperature. | 2006 | 17149794 |
| ice propagation in plants visualized at the tissue level by infrared differential thermal analysis (idta). | we studied ice propagation in stems and leaves of various angiosperm deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs and gymnosperms by differential thermal analysis (dta) of thermal images captured with a digital infrared camera. this so-called infrared dta (idta) technique should elucidate the smallest freezing exotherms in plant tissues. after intrinsic ice nucleation in the stem, ice spread into the leaves. on the leaf lamina, it was possible to differentiate between initial freezing in the veins a ... | 2007 | 17938098 |
| chemical constituents of buxus sempervirens. | buxus sempervirens (buxaceae) of turkish origin has yielded a new steroidal alkaloid, (-)-( z)-buxenone ( 1) along with its known isomer (-)-( e)-buxenone ( 2). the plant also yielded 4',5-dihydroxy-3,3',6,7-tetramethoxyflavone ( 3) and artemetin (5-hydroxy-3,3',4',6,7-pentamethoxyflavone) ( 4). these flavones have not been isolated from buxus species previously. | 1988 | 17265235 |
| [buxaltin and buxiramine, 2 new alkaloids from buxus sempervirens l]. | | 1969 | 5369899 |
| families, genera, and species of botryosphaeriales. | members of botryosphaeriales are ecologically diverse, but most commonly associated with leaf spots, fruit and root rots, die-back or cankers of diverse woody hosts. based on morphology and dna sequence data, the botryosphaeriales have to date been shown to contain eight families, with an additional two, endomelanconiopsisaceae (endomelanconiopsis) and pseudofusicoccumaceae (pseudofusicoccum) being newly described in this study. furthermore, oblongocollomyces is introduced as new genus, while sp ... | 2017 | 28317538 |
| effects of density of helicotylenchus dihystera and pratylenchus vulnus on american boxwood growing in microplots. | american boxwood, buxus sempervirens var. globosum, was tolerant of helicotylenchus dihystera [in field microplots] as measures of plant growth were similar to the control and nematode densities were maintained at high levels (1,705-1,810/500 cm(3) soil after 29 months). boxwood was intolerant of pratylenchus vulnus at initial densities of 163, 281, or 475 nematodes per 500 cm(3) soil. in comparisons with those of controls, vigor ratings of boxwood after 14 months were much lower at all densitie ... | 1976 | 19308241 |
| antiprotozoal activity of buxus sempervirens and activity-guided isolation of o-tigloylcyclovirobuxeine-b as the main constituent active against plasmodium falciparum. | buxus sempervirens l. (european box, buxaceae) has been used in ethnomedicine to treat malaria. in the course of our screening of plant extracts for antiprotozoal activity, a ch2cl2 extract from leaves of b. sempervirens showed selective in vitro activity against plasmodium falciparum (ic50 = 2.79 vs. 20.2 µg/ml for cytotoxicity against l6 rat cells). separation of the extract by acid/base extraction into a basic and a neutral non-polar fraction led to a much more active and even more selective ... | 2014 | 24838073 |
| antibacterial substances in seed plants active against tubercle bacilli. ii. the antibacterial principles of primula malacoides and buxus sempervirens. | | 1953 | 24542685 |