| [study and distribution of amino acids in euphorbia characias l.: amino acids of leaves and latex]. | | 1956 | 13343705 |
| [demonstration of a new combined form of glutamic acid in euphorbia characias l. latex]. | | 1963 | 14099855 |
| critical role of ca2+ ions in the reaction mechanism of euphorbia characias peroxidase. | a cationic peroxidase was isolated and characterized from the latex of the perennial mediterranean plant euphorbia characias. the purified enzyme contained one heme prosthetic group identified as ferric iron-protoporphyrin ix. in addition, the purified peroxidase contained 1 mol of endogenous calcium per mol of enzyme; removal of this calcium ion resulted in almost complete loss of the enzyme activity. however, when excess ca(2+) was added to the native enzyme the catalytic efficiency was enhanc ... | 2003 | 12873152 |
| survey of bemisia tabaci (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotypes in italy with the description of a new biotype (t) from euphorbia characias. | | 2003 | 12762868 |
| structure and nucleotide sequence of euphorbia characias copper/tpq-containing amine oxidase gene. | a cdna encoding for a copper containing amine oxidase has been isolated and sequenced from young leaves of euphorbia characias, a perennial mediterranean shrub. a single long open reading frame of 2068 pb encodes a protein composed of 653 amino acids with a molecular mass of about 74 kda. a putative 24-aminoacid signal peptide precedes the sequence of the mature protein, with characteristics of a secretion signal peptide. alignments of euphorbia amine oxidase cdna nucleotide sequence with that o ... | 2002 | 12523646 |
| light stress and oxidative cell damage in photoautotrophic cell suspension of euphorbia characias l. | a photoautotrophic cell-suspension culture of euphorbia characias l. grown at 70 [mu]mol photons m-2 s-1 was very sensitive to light stress: the gross photosynthesis measured by using a mass spectrometric 16o2/18o2 isotope technique showed a fast decrease at a rather low light intensity of 100 [mu]mol photons m-2 s-1, far below the photosynthetic saturation level. the contribution of activated oxygen species on photosystem ii photoinhibition was examined for a given light intensity. a protective ... | 1994 | 12232375 |
| enhanced antifungal activity of ketoconazole by euphorbia characias latex against candida albicans. | the in vitro suseptibility of candida albicans to ketoconazole and euphorbia characias latex alone or in combination was tested using the macrobroth dilution method. the mic 80% of crude latex and ketoconazole are respectively 159 microg protein/ml and 0.3901 microg/ml. this method permits us to determine an affinity constant k(aff) for crude latex (0.015 microg(-1) protein ml) and ketoconazole (23.828 microg(-1) ml). the utilization of a mixture of latex at several concentrations (7.8-15.62-31. ... | 2001 | 11585681 |
| polycyclic diterpenoids from euphorbia characias. | in addition to widespread flavonoids, a collection of euphorbia characias from sardinia afforded 13 oxygenated diterpenoids of the atisane, abietane, pimarane, and kaurane type. four of these compounds (1, 3a, 7a,b) are new. the accumulation of substantial amounts of biologically active diterpenoids of limited availability, like ent-atisanes endowed with anti-hiv activity and ent-abietanolides active on the central nervous system, makes e. characias an interesting source of lead compounds for bi ... | 2000 | 10727809 |
| inhibitors of plant copper amine oxidases. | in this review, inhibitors of plant copper amine oxidases from lens esculenta seedlings, pisum sativum seedlings, and euphorbia characias latex are described. reversible competitive inhibitors and non-competitive inhibitors, irreversible active-site directed inhibitors and mechanism-based inactivators are reviewed in regard to their mechanisms of action. | 1998 | 9793836 |
| characterization of euphorbia characias latex amine oxidase. | a copper-containing amine oxidase from the latex of euphorbia characias was purified to homogeneity and the copper-free enzyme obtained by a ligand-exchange procedure. the interactions of highly purified apo- and holoenzyme with several substrates, carbonyl reagents, and copper ligands were investigated by optical spectroscopy under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the extinction coefficients at 278 and 490 nm were determined as 3.78 x 10(5) m-1 cm-1 and 6000 m-1 cm-1, respectively. active ... | 1998 | 9701592 |
| characterisation of the two malate dehydrogenases from phytomonas sp. purification of the glycosomal isoenzyme. | two nad(h)-dependent malate dehydrogenase (mdh) isoenzymes were detected in phytomonas isolated from the lactiferous tubes of euphorbia characias. the total specific activity in crude extracts using oxaloacetate as substrate was 3.3 u mg-1 of protein. the two isoenzymes had isoelectric points of 6.0 and 7.2, respectively. the acidic isoform represented 80% of the total activity in the cell and was present in the glycosome. it was purified to homogeneity by a method involving hydrophobic interact ... | 1997 | 9297700 |
| purification and characterisation of a novel iso-propanol dehydrogenase from phytomonas sp. | an alcohol dehydrogenase with two identical subunits and a subunit molecular mass of 40,000 was purified from phytomonas sp. isolated from the lactiferous tubes of euphorbia characias. digitonin titration and subcellular fractionation suggest that the enzyme is present in the mitochondrion. it utilises as substrates, primary and secondary alcohols, is specific for nad+ as coenzyme and is inhibited by hgcl(2). the ph optimum for the oxidation of ethanol is 9.5, and for the reverse reaction 8.5. t ... | 1997 | 9106194 |
| lipases of the euphorbiaceae family: purification of a lipase from euphorbia characias latex and structure-function relationships with the b chain of ricin. | a lipase from the latex of euphorbia characias was purified using a method involving extraction with apolar solvent and adsorption chromatography on silica gel. the lipase (specific activity, 1500 international units/mg of protein) was eluted from silica gel complexes with a lipid. the main protein fraction, which had a molecular mass of 38 kda, was inactive when dissociated from the lipid fraction. when the lipid and protein fractions were reassociated, 72% of the lipolytic activity was recover ... | 1994 | 7972058 |
| aerobic and anaerobic glucose metabolism of phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias. | metabolic studies on phytomonas sp. isolated from the lactiferous tubes of the latex-bearing spurge euphorbia characias indicate that glucose is the preferred energy and carbon substrate during logarithmic growth. in stationary phase cells glucose consumption was dramatically reduced. glucose consumption and end-product formation were measured on logarithmically growing cells, both under aerobic (air and 95% o2/5% co2) and anaerobic (95% n2/5% co2 and 100% n2) conditions. the rate of glucose con ... | 1994 | 7870136 |
| fractionation and characterization of two forms of peroxidase from oryza sativa. | peroxidase (e.c. 1.11.1.7., hydrogen donor oxidoreductase) is widely distributed and has been isolated from many higher plants (1). the wide distribution of the enzyme suggests that it could be of great biological importance. however the role that it plays in metabolism is not clear due to the large number of reactions it catalyzes and the considerable number of isozymic species (2). in tomato plants, evans and aldridge (3) separated out six isoperoxidases and in a later paper evans reported 12 ... | 1995 | 7603969 |
| the glycoinositol-phospholipids of phytomonas. | the phytomonas spp. are trypanosomatid parasites of plants. a polar glycolipid fraction of a phytomonas sp., isolated from the plant euphorbia characias and grown in culture, was fractionated into four major glycolipid species (phy 1-4). the glycolipids were analysed by chemical and enzymic modifications, composition and methylation analyses, electrospray mass spectrometry and microsequencing after hno2 deamination and nab3h4 reduction. the water-soluble headgroup of the phy2 glycolipid was also ... | 1995 | 7487886 |
| purification and properties of diamine oxidase from euphorbia latex. | a diamine oxidase has been purified to homogeneity from the latex of an herbaceous shrub, euphorbia characias. this enzyme has a relative molecular mass of 144,000 and is composed of two identical subunits. it contain two cu(ii) and two carbonyl-like groups per dimer. the purified enzyme is pink and shows a broad absorption in the visible region centered at 480 nm, which is modified by the addition of phenylhydrazine or semicarbazide. the electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum is typical of co ... | 1982 | 6814913 |
| tyramine oxidation by copper/tpq amine oxidase and peroxidase from euphorbia characias latex. | tyramine, an important plant intermediate, was found to be a substrate for two proteins, a copper amine oxidase and a peroxidase from euphorbia characias latex. the oxidation of tyramine took place by two different mechanisms: oxidative deamination to p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde by the amine oxidase and formation of di-tyramine by the peroxidase. the di-tyramine was further oxidized at the two amino groups by the amino oxidase, whereas p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde was transformed to di-p-hydroxyp ... | 2008 | 18423366 |
| purification and properties of two lectins from the latex of the euphorbiaceous plants hura crepitans l. (sand-box tree) and euphorbia characias l. (mediterranean spurge). | 1. from the latex of two members of the plant family euphorbiaceae, hura crepitans l. (sand-box tree) and euphorbia characias l. (mediterranean spurge), two lectins were purified by affinity chromatography on acid-treated sepharose 6b followed by elution with d-galactose. 2. the lectin from e. characias is a single molecular species with mr 80 000, made up of two identical subunits with mr 40 000, and is a glycoprotein containing 11% carbohydrate. 3. the lectin from h. creptians appears as a mix ... | 1983 | 6661180 |
| essential sulfhydryl groups in diamine oxidase from euphorbia characias latex. | diamine oxidase from euphorbia characias latex contains two sulfhydryl groups per mole of dimeric enzyme. the sulfhydryl groups are unreactive in the native enzyme but can be readily titrated by 4,4'-dithiodipyridine after protein denaturation, or anaerobically in the presence of the amine substrate. in the presence of both substrates (diamine and oxygen) they react sluggishly. the sulfhydryl groups show different reactivity toward various reagents, but in every case their modification inhibits ... | 1983 | 6401986 |
| mass spectrometric determination of the inorganic carbon species assimilated by photoautotrophic cells of euphorbia characias l. | the chemical forms of inorganic carbon, co2 or hco3-, incorporated during photosynthesis in photoautotrophic euphorbia characias cell suspension cultures were determined in experiments using 13co2 and a mass spectrometry technique. from the equations of the co2 hydration reaction, a kinetic model was first developed, and the effect of photosynthesis on the external co2 concentration was simulated. it was predicted from this model that co2 and hco3- uptakes could be differentiated by recording on ... | 1988 | 3137227 |
| comparative study of the surface charge of some isolates of trypanosomatids of the genus phytomonas. | the surface charge of different isolates of phytomonas from euphorbia hyssopifolia, euphorbia pinea, euphorbia characias and manihot esculenta was analysed by the binding of cationic particles (colloidal iron hydroxide at ph 1.8 and cationized ferritin at ph 7.2) to the protozoan surface and by determination of the cell electrophoretic mobility (epm). all the isolates had a net negative surface charge, and the isolate from e. hyssopifolia manifested the greatest negative charge. a good relations ... | 1989 | 2517559 |
| [purification of lipase from latex of euphorbia characias by an extraction method with apolar solvent]. | a lipase from the latex of euphorbia characias was purified using a new method involving extraction by apolar solvent and adsorption chromatography on silica. the lipase (specific activity 1,500 iu/mg of protein) was eluted from silica complexed with a lipid. the main proteic fraction, showing a molecular weight of 38,000, was inactive when dissociated from the lipid fraction. it was necessary to reassociate the lipid and proteic fractions for 72% of the lipolytic activity to be recovered. | 1992 | 1617480 |
| characterization of carbohydrate metabolism and demonstration of glycosomes in a phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias. | phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias was adapted to sdm-79 medium. cells isolated in the early stationary phase of growth were analyzed for their capacity to utilize plant carbohydrates for their energy requirements. the cellulose-degrading enzymes amylase, amylomaltase, invertase, carboxymethylcellulase, and the pectin-degrading enzymes polygalacturonase and oligo-d-galactosiduronate lyase were present in phytomonas sp. and were all, except for amylomaltase, excreted into the extern ... | 1992 | 1435859 |
| cytotoxicity of three new triazolo-pyrimidine derivatives against the plant trypanosomatid: phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias. | there is no effective chemotherapy against diseases caused by phytomonas sp., a plant trypanosomatid responsible for economic losses in major crops. we tested three triazolo-pyrimidine complexes [two with pt(ii), and another with ru(iii)] against promastigotes of phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias. the incorporation of radiolabelled precursors, ultrastructural alterations and changes in the pattern of metabolite excretion were examined. different degrees of toxicity were found for ... | 2004 | 15558180 |
| purification and characterization of two iron superoxide dismutases of phytomonas sp. isolated from euphorbia characias (plant trypanosomatids). | two superoxide dismutases (sodi and sodii) have been purified by differential centrifugation, fractionation with ammonium sulphate followed by chromatographic separation (ionic exchange and affinity), from a plant trypanosomatid isolated from euphorbia characias, and then characterized for several biochemical properties. both enzymes were insensitive to cyanide but sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, properties characteristic of iron-containing superoxide dismutase. sodi had a molecular mass of appr ... | 2004 | 15267114 |
| structure-activity relationships for euphocharacins a-l, a new series of jatrophane diterpenes, as inhibitors of cancer cell p-glycoprotein. | the mediterranean spurge euphorbia characias l. afforded twelve new diterpenes based on a jatrophane skeleton named euphocharacins a-l. their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry methods. euphocharacins a-l were tested as inhibitors of the daunomycin-efflux activity of p-glycoprotein from cancer cells. the results were used to extend the structure-activity relationship established for this class of compounds, highlighting the positive ... | 2004 | 15254859 |
| phytomonas iron superoxide dismutase: a possible molecular marker. | we have isolated and biochemically characterized two iron superoxide dismutases activities (sodi and sodii) from a plant trypanosomatid isolated from euphorbia characias. the isoenzyme fesodii has immunogenic capacity, and the positivity of the anti-sodii serum persists to a dilution of 1/40,000, by western blot. in addition, western blot has been used to test the positivity of the anti-sodii serum against antigen fractions (sod) from 17 isolates belonging to the family trypanosomatidae and for ... | 2004 | 15109721 |
| reactions of plant copper/topaquinone amine oxidases with n6-aminoalkyl derivatives of adenine. | plant copper/topaquinone-containing amine oxidases (caos, ec 1.4.3.6) are enzymes oxidising various amines. here we report a study on the reactions of caos from grass pea (lathyrus sativus), lentil (lens esculenta) and euphorbia characias, a mediterranean shrub, with n6-aminoalkyl adenines representing combined analogues of cytokinins and polyamines. the following compounds were synthesised: n6-(3-aminopropyl)adenine, n6-(4-aminobutyl)adenine, n6-(4-amino-trans-but-2-enyl) adenine, n6-(4-amino-c ... | 2005 | 15968819 |
| ant behaviour and seed morphology: a missing link of myrmecochory. | seed dispersal by ants (myrmecochory) is mediated by the presence of a lipid-rich appendage (elaiosome) on the seed that induces a variety of ants to collect the diaspores. when seeds mature or fall onto the ground, these ant species transport them to their nest. after eating the elaiosome, the seed is discarded in nest galleries or outside, in the midden or farther away, where seeds can potentially germinate. the final location of seeds with their elaiosomes removed was evaluated to assess the ... | 2005 | 16044350 |
| comparative study of the conformational lock, dissociative thermal inactivation and stability of euphorbia latex and lentil seedling amine oxidases. | the thermal stability of copper/quinone containing amine oxidases from euphorbia characias latex (elao) and lentil seedlings (lsao) was measured in 100 mm potassium phosphate buffer (ph 7.0) following changes in absorbance at 292 nm. elao was shown to be about 10 degrees c more stable than lsao. the dissociative thermal inactivation of elao was studied using putrescine as substrate at different temperatures in the range 47-70 degrees c, and a "conformational lock" was developed using the theory ... | 2005 | 16096724 |
| a ca2+/calmodulin-binding peroxidase from euphorbia latex: novel aspects of calcium-hydrogen peroxide cross-talk in the regulation of plant defenses. | calmodulin (cam) is a ubiquitous ca(2+) sensor found in all eukaryotes, where it participates in the regulation of diverse calcium-dependent physiological processes. in response to fluctuations of the intracellular concentration of ca(2+), cam binds to a set of unrelated target proteins and modulates their activity. in plants, a growing number of cam-binding proteins have been identified that apparently do not have a counterpart in animals. some of these plant-specific ca(2+)/cam-activated prote ... | 2005 | 16245928 |
| domain mobility as probed by small-angle x-ray scattering may account for substrate access to the active site of two copper-dependent amine oxidases. | amine oxidases are a family of dimeric enzymes that contain one copper(ii) ion and one 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenyalanine quinone per subunit. here, the low-resolution structures of two cu/tpq amine oxidases from lentil (lens esculenta) seedlings and from euphorbia characias latex have been determined in solution by small-angle x-ray scattering. the active site of these enzymes is highly buried and requires a conformational change to allow substrate access. the study suggests that the funnel-shaped ca ... | 2014 | 25084330 |
| reversible thermal inactivation and conformational states in denaturant guanidinium of a calcium-dependent peroxidase from euphorbia characias. | the changes in the heme environment and overall structure occurring during reversible thermal inactivation and in denaturant guanidinium of euphorbia characias latex peroxidase (elp) were investigated in the presence and absence of calcium ions. native active enzyme had an absorption spectrum typical of a quantum-mixed spin ferric heme protein. after 40 min at 60 degrees c elp was fully inactivated showing the spectroscopic behavior of a pure hexacoordinate low-spin protein. the addition of ca2+ ... | 2005 | 16336996 |
| comparison of the oxygen exchange between photosynthetic cell suspensions and detached leaves of euphorbia characias l. | using a mass-spectrometric (16)o(2)/(18)o(2)-isotope technique, we compared the nature and the relative importance of oxygen exchange in photomixotrophic (pm) and photoautotrophic (pa) suspensions of euphorbia characias l. with those in intact leaves of the same species. young and mature leaves, dividing and nondividing cell suspensions were characterized in short-term experiments. on chlorophyll basis, the gross photosynthetic activities at co(2) saturating concentration of pa and pm suspension ... | 1989 | 16667114 |
| extraction and characterization of a natural rubber from euphorbia characias latex. | a natural rubber was identified and characterized for the first time in the latex of the perennial mediterranean shrub euphorbia characias. four different methods, i.e., acetone, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and triton® x-100, followed by successive treatments with cyclohexane/ethanol, were employed to extract the natural rubber. the rubber content was shown to be 14% (w/v) of the e. characias latex, a low content compared with that of hevea brasiliensis (30-35%) but a similar content to o ... | 2012 | 22605550 |
| catalytic pathways of euphorbia characias peroxidase reacting with hydrogen peroxide. | the reaction of euphorbia characias latex peroxidase (elp) with hydrogen peroxide as the sole substrate was studied by conventional and stopped-flow spectrophotometry. the reaction mechanism occurs via three distinct pathways. in the first (pathway i), elp shows catalase-like activity: h2o2 oxidizes the native enzyme to compound i and subsequently acts as a reducing substrate, again converting compound i to the resting ferric enzyme. in the presence of an excess of hydrogen peroxide, compound i ... | 2006 | 16740127 |
| two-state irreversible thermal denaturation of euphorbia characias latex amine oxidase. | thermal denaturation of euphorbia latex amine oxidase (elao) has been studied by enzymatic activity, circular dichroism and differential scanning calorimetry. thermal denaturation of elao is shown to be an irreversible process. checking the validity of two-state it really describes satisfactorily the thermal denaturation of elao. based on this model we obtain the activation energy, parameter t(*) (the absolute temperature at which the rate constant of denaturation is equal to 1 min(-1)), and tot ... | 2007 | 16971037 |
| identification of excreted iron superoxide dismutase for the diagnosis of phtytomonas. | an excreted iron superoxide dismutase (fesode) of pi 3.6 with a molecular weight of 28-30 kda was detected in the in vitro culture of phytomonas isolated from euphorbia characias (sodecha) and from lycopersicon esculentum (sodetom), in grace's medium without serum. these fesode excreted into the medium had immunogenic capacity: the positivity of the anti-sodecha serum persisted to a dilution of 1/30,000, and for the anti-sodetom to 1/10,000 by western blot. in addition, cross reaction was detect ... | 2006 | 17072478 |
| an important lysine residue in copper/quinone-containing amine oxidases. | the interaction of xenon with copper/6-hydroxydopa (2,4,5-trihydroxyphenethylamine) quinone (tpq) amine oxidases from the plant pulses lentil (lens esculenta) and pea (pisum sativum) (seedlings), the perennial mediterranean shrub euphorbia characias (latex), and the mammals cattle (serum) and pigs (kidney), were investigated by nmr and optical spectroscopy of the aqueous solutions of the enzymes. (129)xe chemical shift provided evidence of xenon binding to one or more cavities of all these enzym ... | 2007 | 17433047 |
| purification of euphorbia characias latex peroxidase by calmodulin-affinity chromatography. | a new procedure to purify to homogeneity an euphorbia characias latex peroxidase is performed employing a calmodulin-sepharose column as affinity chromatography. the advantage of this approach is the isolation of a peroxidase under fast and mild elution conditions with a high recovery in total activity. | 2007 | 17511348 |
| catalase and antiquitin from euphorbia characias: two proteins involved in plant defense? | here we report the cdna nucleotide sequences of a calmodulin-binding catalase and an antiquitin from the latex of the mediterranean shrub euphorbia characias. present findings suggest that catalase and antiquitin might represent additional nodes in the euphorbia defense systems, and a multi-enzymatic interaction contributing to plant's protection against biotic and abiotic stresses is proposed to occur in e. characias laticifers. | 2007 | 17573704 |
| electroactive centers in euphorbia latex and lentil seedling amine oxidases. | the electrochemical behavior of redox centers in the active site of amine oxidases from lentil seedlings and euphorbia characias latex was investigated using a mercury film electrode. tyrosine-derived 6-hydroxydopa quinone (tpq) and copper ions in the active site are redox centers of these amine oxidases. the enzymes undergo two reduction processes at negative potentials related to the reduction of the tpq cofactor to the corresponding hydroquinones and the reduction of copper ions, (cu(ii)-->cu ... | 2008 | 18175931 |
| allosteric modulation of euphorbia peroxidase by nickel ions. | a class iii peroxidase, isolated and characterized from the latex of the perennial mediterranean shrub euphorbia characias, contains one ferric iron-protoporphyrin ix pentacoordinated with a histidine 'proximal' ligand as heme prosthetic group. in addition, the purified peroxidase contained 1 mole of endogenous ca(2+) per mole of enzyme, and in the presence of excess ca(2+), the catalytic efficiency was enhanced by three orders of magnitude. the incubation of the native enzyme with ni(2+) causes ... | 2008 | 18266763 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of glycosomes in trypanosomatids of the genus phytomonas. | computer aided three dimensional (3-d) reconstruction of cells from two isolates of protozoa of the genus phytomonas, trypanosomatids found in plants, were made from 0.3 microm thick sections, imaged on a zeiss 902 electron microscope with a energy filter for in ellastically scattered electrons, in order to obtain information about glycosomal shape diversity. direct counts of peroxisomes (glycosomes) from phytomonas sp. from chamaesyce thymifolia indicated that there were fewer glycosomes per ce ... | 1995 | 18621296 |
| activity and structural changes of euphorbia characias peroxidase in the presence of trifluoroethanol. | activity assays, conformational changes and transitional switches between secondary structures of a peroxidase from euphorbia characias were studied in the presence of trifluoroethanol and in the presence or absence of calcium ions. the addition of trifluoroethanol up to 10-20% first induced a drastic decrease of alpha-helix content followed by an increase of tryptophan fluorescence emission intensity, a progressive re-induction of the formation of alpha-helical elements concomitant with loss of ... | 2008 | 19015965 |
| synthetic studies toward jatrophane diterpenes from euphorbia characias. enantioselective synthesis of (-)-15-o-acetyl-3-o-propionyl-17-norcharaciol. | the enantioselective synthesis of (+)-17-norcharaciol is described. an uncatalyzed intramolecular carbonyl-ene reaction and a ring-closing metathesis were used as key c/c-connecting transformations to assemble the trans-bicyclo[10.3.0]pentadecane norditerpenoid core. we also report the evolution of our synthetic strategy toward the fully substituted characiol skeleton and the experiences from this venture. | 2009 | 19140728 |
| evaluation of nonpolar metabolites in plant extracts by 13c nmr spectroscopy. | (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy was explored as a simple and efficient technique for the quantitative analysis of nonpolar metabolites in plants. the method was first optimized with a mixture of known metabolites and then applied to the nonpolar leaf extracts of plants harvested in the valencian community (eastern spain) belonging to three different genera: euphorbia (euphorbiaceae), araujia (apocynaceae), and morus (moraceae). furthermore, an exhaustive analysis of euphorbi ... | 2011 | 21955286 |
| biological activities of aerial parts extracts of euphorbia characias. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-hiv, and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of aqueous and alcoholic extracts from leaves, stems, and flowers of euphorbia characias. the extracts showed a high antioxidant activity and were a good source of total polyphenols and flavonoids. ethanolic extracts from leaves and flowers displayed the highest inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, showing potential properties against ... | 2016 | 27314007 |
| quality characteristics of wholemeal flour and bread from durum wheat (triticum turgidum l subsp. durum desf.) after field treatment with plant water extracts. | the use of selected plant water extracts to control pests and weeds is gaining growing attention in organic and sustainable agriculture, but the effects that such extracts may exert on the quality aspects of durum wheat are still unexplored. in 2014, 5 plant water extracts (artemisia arborescens, euphorbia characias, rhus coriaria, thymus vulgaris, lantana camara) were prepared and distributed on durum wheat cv valbelice to evaluate their potential herbicidal effects. after crop harvesting, the ... | 2016 | 27442951 |
| antityrosinase activity of euphorbia characias extracts. | tyrosinase is a well-known key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis and its inhibitors have become increasingly important because of their potential use as hypopigmenting agents. in the present study, the anti-melanogenic effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from euphorbia characias leaves, stems, and flowers in cell-free and cellular systems was examined. all the extracts showed inhibitory effects against mushroom tyrosinase with leaf extracts exhibiting the lowest ic50 values of 24 and 97 µg/ml ... | 2015 | 26500815 |
| chitinase iii in euphorbia characias latex: purification and characterization. | this paper deals with the purification of a class iii endochitinase from euphorbia characias latex. described purification method includes an effective novel separation step using magnetic chitin particles. application of magnetic affinity adsorbent noticeably simplifies and shortens the purification procedure. this step and the subsequently deae-cellulose chromatography enable to obtain the chitinase in homogeneous form. one protein band is present on page in non-denaturing conditions and sds-p ... | 2015 | 26318237 |
| euphorbia characias latex: micromorphology of rubber particles and rubber transferase activity. | we have recently characterized a natural rubber in the latex of euphorbia characias. following that study, we here investigated the rubber particles and rubber transferase in that mediterranean shrub. rubber particles, observed by scanning electron microscopy, are spherical in shape with diameter ranging from 0.02 to 1.2 μm. washed rubber particles exhibit rubber transferase activity with a rate of radiolabeled [(14)c]ipp incorporation of 4.5 pmol min(-1)mg(-1). denaturing electrophoresis profil ... | 2015 | 25532121 |
| euphorbia characias as bioenergy crop: a study of variations in energy value components according to phenology and water status. | euphorbia characias has drawn much attention as a potential bioenergy crop given its considerable amount of latex, rich in hydrocarbon-like compounds, and its ability to grow in large areas of semiarid lands. compositions of major constituents with an energy value have been determined for the three phenological stages of this plant (preflowering, flowering, and postflowering) and different irrigation treatments. metabolites from both nonpolar and polar extracts have been identified and quantifie ... | 2013 | 24079468 |
| euphorbia characias latex amine oxidase and peroxidase: interacting enzymes? | this minireview deals the enzymatic transformation of some amino acids as arginine and ornithine, amines as tyramine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine, and other substances as nitric oxide and thiocyanate. these reactions, catalyzed by two proteins purified from the latex of euphorbia characias, a copper/quinone containing amine oxidase and a cationic peroxidase, show enzymatic activity interactions probably occurring between these proteins in euphorbia latex. | 2013 | 23839010 |
| mass spectrometric determination of o2 gas exchange during a dark-to-light transition in higher-plant cells : evidence for two individual o2-uptake components. | the exchange of o2 and co2 by photoautotrophic cells of euphorbia characias l. was measured using a mass-spectrometry technique. during a dark-tolight transition the o2 uptake rate was little affected whereas co2 efflux was decreased by 40%. in order to differentiate eventual superimposed o2-uptake processes, the kinetics of o2 exchange resulting from brief illuminations were measured with a highly sensitive device. when the cells were exposed to a saturating light for short periods, the rate of ... | 1991 | 24193615 |
| total synthesis of jatrophane diterpenes from euphorbia characias. | the enantioselective total synthesis of the jatrophane diterpene (-)-15-o-acetyl-3-o-propionylcharaciol is described. starting from an advanced cyclopentane building block, a b-alkyl suzuki-miyaura cross-coupling and carbonyl addition were utilized to assemble a fully functionalized triene, and a ring-closing metathesis was then employed to construct the rigid 12-membered ring. twenty-five years after the original report on the isolation of the natural product, our total synthesis unambiguously ... | 2009 | 19453178 |
| calcium ions and a secreted peroxidase in euphorbia characias latex are made for each other. | this minireview deals of a protein, a class iii secreted peroxidase, present as unique isoform in the latex of the perennial mediterranean shrub euphorbia characias. the paper reports on the molecular properties, on the structures (primary, secondary and tertiary), and on the catalytic mechanism of this enzyme. here is also reported the extraordinary effect of calcium ions on the structure and on the enzyme activity of euphorbia peroxidase. these ions can either enhance the catalytic efficiency ... | 2011 | 21293912 |
| purification, primary structure, and properties of euphorbia characias latex purple acid phosphatase. | a purple acid phosphatase was purified to homogeneity from euphorbia characias latex. the native protein has a molecular mass of 130 ± 10 kda and is formed by two apparently identical subunits, each containing one fe(iii) and one zn(ii) ion. the two subunits are connected by a disulfide bridge. the enzyme has an absorbance maximum at 540 nm, conferring a characteristic purple color due to a charge-transfer transition caused by a tyrosine residue (tyr172) coordinated to the ferric ion. the cdna n ... | 2011 | 21639850 |
| bioseparation of four proteins from euphorbia characias latex: amine oxidase, peroxidase, nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase, and purple acid phosphatase. | this paper deals with the purification of four proteins from euphorbia characias latex, a copper amine oxidase, a nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase, a peroxidase, and a purple acid phosphatase. these proteins, very different in molecular weight, in primary structure, and in the catalyzed reaction, are purified using identical preliminary steps of purification and by chromatographic methods. in particular, the deae-cellulose chromatography is used as a useful purification step for all ... | 2011 | 22013530 |
| nitric oxide, substrate of euphorbia characias peroxidase, switches off the cn(-) inhibitory effect. | the oxidation of nitric oxide (no) by euphorbia characias latex peroxidase (elp-fe(iii)), in the presence or in the absence of added calcium, has been investigated. the addition of hydrogen peroxide to the native enzyme leads to the formation of compound i and serves to catalyse the no oxidation. the addition of no to compound i leads to the formation of compound ii and, afterwards, to the native enzyme spectrum. under anaerobic conditions, the incubation of the native enzyme (elp-fe(iii))with n ... | 2012 | 23772363 |