| a bifunctional enzyme (delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase) catalyzes the first two steps in proline biosynthesis in plants. | many plants synthesize and accumulate proline in response to osmotic stress. despite the importance of this pathway, however, the exact metabolic route and enzymes involved in the synthesis of proline in plants have not been unequivocally identified. we report here the isolation of a mothbean (vigna aconitifolia) cdna clone encoding a bifunctional enzyme, delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (p5cs), with both gamma-glutamyl kinase and glutamic-gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase activities th ... | 1992 | 1384052 |
| isolation, characterization, and chromosomal location of a gene encoding the delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase in arabidopsis thaliana. | a full-length cdna and the corresponding at-p5s gene encoding the first enzyme of the proline biosynthetic pathway, the delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (p5c) synthetase, were isolated in arabidopsis thaliana. the at-p5s cdna encodes a protein of 717 amino acids showing high identity with the p5c synthetase of vigna aconitifolia. strong homology is also found at the n-terminus to bacterial and yeast gamma-glutamyl kinase and at the c-terminus to bacterial gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase. putat ... | 1995 | 7556633 |
| removal of feedback inhibition of delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase, a bifunctional enzyme catalyzing the first two steps of proline biosynthesis in plants. | delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (p5cs) catalyzes the first two steps in proline biosynthesis in plants. the vigna aconitifolia p5cs cdna was expressed in escherichia coli, and the enzyme was purified to homogeneity. the vigna p5cs exhibited two activities, gamma-glutamyl kinase (gamma-gk) and glutamic acid-5-semialdehyde (gsa) dehydrogenase. the gamma-gk activity of the p5cs was detected by the hydroxamate assay and by a [14c]glutamate assay. the native molecular mass of the p5cs was ... | 1995 | 7657626 |
| deletion analysis and localization of sbprp1, a soybean cell wall protein gene, in roots of transgenic tobacco and cowpea. | sbprp1 is a member of the soybean (glycine max l. merr) proline-rich cell wall protein family and is expressed at high levels in root tissue. to characterize the sequences required for this expression, we have fused 1.1 kb of upstream flanking dna sequence from an sbprp1 genomic clone to a gene encoding beta-glucuronidase (gus). this construct was introduced into tobacco using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. histochemical staining of gus activity in transgenic tobacco indicate ... | 1993 | 7678758 |
| control of de novo purine biosynthesis genes in ureide-producing legumes: induction of glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase gene and characterization of its cdna from soybean and vigna. | soybean (glycine max) and mothbean (vigna aconitifolia) cdna clones encoding glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (prat), the first enzyme of the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway, have been isolated from nodule cdna libraries. the amino acid sequence deduced from soybean clone showed > 85% homology to the prat sequence of mothbean and 33-47% homology to those of bacteria, yeast, chicken, rat and human. the soybean clone encodes a protein with an n-terminal sequence resemblin ... | 1995 | 7894513 |
| cloning of ornithine delta-aminotransferase cdna from vigna aconitifolia by trans-complementation in escherichia coli and regulation of proline biosynthesis. | proline prototrophy was restored to an escherichia coli proba proline auxotroph by ornithine and a mothbean (vigna aconitifolia) cdna expression library. this novel strategy, "trans-complementation," allowed isolation of a cdna encoding ornithine delta-aminotransferase (delta-oat). this enzyme transaminates ornithine to glutamic-gamma-semialdehyde (gsa), thereby bypassing the block in gsa synthesis from glutamate in the proba mutant. the identity of the mothbean enzyme was confirmed by its high ... | 1993 | 8103048 |
| structural organization of de novo purine biosynthesis enzymes in plants: 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide carboxylase and 5-aminoimidazole-4-n-succinocarboxamide ribonucleotide synthetase cdnas from vigna aconitifolia. | nodules of tropical legumes generally export symbiotically fixed nitrogen in the form of ureides that are produced by oxidation of de novo synthesized purines. to investigate the regulation of de novo purine biosynthesis in these nodules, we have isolated cdna clones encoding 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (air) carboxylase and 5-aminoimidazole-4-n-succinocarboxamide ribonucleotide (saicar) synthetase from a mothbean (vigna aconitifolia) nodule cdna library by complementation of escherichia col ... | 1994 | 8111040 |
| expression of antisense nodulin-35 rna in vigna aconitifolia transgenic root nodules retards peroxisome development and affects nitrogen availability to the plant. | a nodulin-35 (n-35) cdna encoding nodule-specific uricase (ec 1.7.3.3.) was isolated from a vigna aconitifolia (mothbean) root nodule cdna library. sequence analysis of vigna uricase (vn-35) cdna revealed 90% homology to that of soybean. the vn-35 cdna was inserted in the antisense orientation downstream of the camv-35s promoter, and transgenic hairy roots were formed on vigna plants using agrobacterium rhizogenes. infection with bradyrhizobium (cowpea) gave rise to root nodules on transgenic ha ... | 1993 | 8220465 |
| roles of plant homologs of rab1p and rab7p in the biogenesis of the peribacteroid membrane, a subcellular compartment formed de novo during root nodule symbiosis. | the peribacteroid membrane (pbm) in legume root nodules is derived from plasma membrane following endocytosis of rhizobium by fusion of newly synthesized vesicles. we studied the roles of plant rab1p and rab7p homologs, the small gtp-binding proteins involved in vesicular transport, in the biogenesis of the pbm. three cdnas encoding legume homologs of mammalian rab1p and rab7p were isolated from soybean (srab1p, srab7p) and vigna aconitifolia (vrab7p). srab1p was confirmed to be a functional cou ... | 1993 | 8223429 |
| the two cysteine endopeptidases of legume seeds: purification and characterization by use of specific fluorometric assays. | two endopeptidases are present in the seeds of vigna aconitifolia (moth bean), and their activities increase during germination. one enzyme, which we term "vignain," can be assayed with benzyloxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-arginyl-7-(4-methyl)coumarylamide as substrate. the second is legumain (ec 3.4.22.34), which can be assayed with benzyloxycarbonyl-alanyl-alanyl-asparaginyl-7-(4-methyl)-coumarylamide. the enzymes were purified, and their specificities for substrates and inhibitors were examined. vi ... | 1993 | 8512309 |
| proline biosynthesis in streptococcus thermophilus: characterization of the proba operon and its products. | the presence of proline in the medium was not essential for growth of streptococcus thermophilus, indicating that there is a proline biosynthetic pathway in this organism. genetic and biochemical analysis identified and characterized this pathway. two genes, designated prob and proa, were cloned, sequenced and characterized. biochemical analysis of the prob- and proa-encoded enzymes showed that the proline biosynthetic pathway of s. thermophilus is similar to the one previously described in esch ... | 1996 | 8969524 |
| genomic organization of purk and pure in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872: pure locus provides a clue for genomic evolution. | from the genomic library of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc6872, the pure locus encoding 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole (air) carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.21) was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. from the sequence analysis, two distinct open reading frames (orfs) in the sequence of the pure locus were identified as purk and pure genes (purk-pure). an in vivo translation experiment reconfirmed the purk and pure genes to be independent. the genomic organization in the pure locus of ... | 1996 | 8998996 |
| cloning, characterisation and regulation of the ornithine transaminase (otaa) gene of aspergillus nidulans. | the ornithine transaminase (otaa) gene of aspergillus nidulans has been cloned by transformation of the a. nidulans pro-ota- mutant strain with a cosmid gene library. the otaa gene contains two introns and potentially codes for a 453-aa-long protein. the deduced amino-acid sequence is homologous to known ornithine transaminases from saccharomyces cerevisiae, plasmodium falciparum, vigna aconitifolia, rat, mouse and man, particularly in the pyridoxal phosphate-binding domain. the expression of th ... | 1999 | 10079330 |
| removal of feedback inhibition of delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase results in increased proline accumulation and protection of plants from osmotic stress. | the delta(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (p5cs; ec not assigned) is the rate-limiting enzyme in proline (pro) biosynthesis in plants and is subject to feedback inhibition by pro. it has been suggested that the feedback regulation of p5cs is lost in plants under stress conditions. we compared pro levels in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing a wild-type form of vigna aconitifolia p5cs and a mutated form of the enzyme (p5csf129a) whose feedback inhibition by pro was rem ... | 2000 | 10759508 |
| biochemical characterization, homology modeling and docking studies of ornithine delta-aminotransferase--an important enzyme in proline biosynthesis of plants. | ornithine delta-aminotransferase (oat) is an important enzyme in proline biosynthetic pathway and is implicated in salt tolerance in higher plants. oat transaminates ornithine to pyrroline 5-carboxylate, which is further catalyzed to proline by pyrroline 5-carboxylate reductase. the vigna aconitifolia oat cdna, encoding a polypeptide of 48.1 kda, was expressed in escherichia coli and the enzyme was partially characterized following its purification using (nh(4))(2)so(4) precipitation and gel fil ... | 2007 | 17604199 |
| isolation and characterization of two different cdnas of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase in alfalfa, transcriptionally induced upon salt stress. | two different cdna clones, msp5cs-1 and msp5cs-2, encoding delta1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (p5cs). the first enzyme of the proline biosynthetic pathway, were isolated from a lambdazap-cdna library constructed from salt stressed medicago sativa roots. msp5cs-1 (2.6 kb) has an open reading frame of 717 amino acids, as well as a non-spliced intron at a position corresponding to the evolutionary fusion point of the bacterial proa and prob genes. msp5cs-2 (1.25 kb) is a partial clone. the cl ... | 1998 | 9862493 |
| characterization of the gene for delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and correlation between the expression of the gene and salt tolerance in oryza sativa l. | a cdna for delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (p5c) synthetase (cosp5cs), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proline, was isolated and characterized from a cdna library prepared from 14-day-old seedlings of oryza sativa cv. akibare. the deduced amino acid sequence of the p5cs protein (osp5cs) from o. sativa exhibited 74.2% and 75.5% homology to that of the p5cs from arabidopsis thaliana and vigna aconitifolia, respectively. northern blot analysis revealed that the gene for p5cs (osp5cs) was i ... | 1997 | 9106509 |
| correlation between the induction of a gene for delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and the accumulation of proline in arabidopsis thaliana under osmotic stress. | the isolation and characterization is reported of a cdna for delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (p5c) synthetase (catp5cs), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of proline, from a cdna library prepared from a dehydrated rosette plant of arabidopsis thaliana. southern blot analysis suggested that only one copy of the corresponding gene (atp5cs) is present in a. thaliana. the deduced amino acid sequence of the p5cs protein (atp5cs) from a. thaliana exhibited 74% homology to that of the p5cs from vi ... | 1995 | 7773306 |
| polyamine levels as related to growth, differentiation and senescence in protoplast-derived cultures of vigna aconitifolia and avena sativa. | we have previously reported that aseptically cultured mesophyll protoplasts of vigna divide rapidly and regenerate into complete plants, while mesophyll protoplasts of avena divide only sporadically and senesce rapidly after isolation. we measured polyamine titers in such cultures of vigna and avena, to study possible correlations between polyamines and cellular behavior. we also deliberately altered polyamine titer by the use of selective inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis, noting the effects ... | 1985 | 11539806 |
| phenetic and functional characterization of endophytic root-nodule bacteria isolated from chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) and mothbean (vigna aconitifolia l.) of arid-and semi-arid regions of rajasthan, india. | in the present study we recovered endophytic root-nodule bacteria from chickpea (cicer arietinumi l.) and mothbean (vigna aconitifolia l.). phenotypic and genotypic characterization of isolates was performed by employing biochemical and genetic approaches. sequencing data showed that most isolates belonged to genus, pseudomonas spp. being a dominant species. they also showed similarity with rhizobium, agrobacterium and erwinia spp. isolates were screened functionally for indole-3-acetic acid, si ... | 2012 | 24205759 |
| biochemical composition of symplastic sap from sugarcane genetically modified to overproduce proline. | global interest in sugarcane has increased significantly in recent years because of its economic impact on sustainable energy production. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate changes in the concentrations of total sugars, amino acids, free proline, and total proteins by colorimetric analyses and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) to perform a metabolic profiling of a water-soluble fraction of symplastic sap in response to the constitutive expression of a mutant δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxy ... | 2017 | 28213180 |
| herbs containing l- dopa: an update. | l-dopa is the drug of choice in the treatment of parkinson's disease but it has dose related adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension, end of dose deterioration, on off phenomena and on chronic therapy motor complications synonymous to parkinsonism. mucuna pruriens (m.p) commonly known as velvet beans or cowitch are used in case of spasms associated with parkins onism. clinical efficacy of seeds of this plant was confirmed and the efficacy was contributed to its l-dopa c ... | 2007 | 22557260 |