| toxicity of leucaena leucocephala. the effect of iodine and mineral supplements on penned steers fed a sole diet of leucaena. | steers fed a sole diet of leucaena leucocephala cv. peru (leucaena), rapidly developed a hypothyroid condition. total serum thyroxine (t4) levels declined from c 120 n mol litre-1 to 13 n mol litre-1 within six weeks of full leucaena feeding. associated with the hypothyroidism was a declined in feed intake, poor weight gain, hair loss, excessive salivation and the development of lesions on the oesophagus of some animals. light steers (119 kg) were more severely affected than heavy steers (220 kg ... | 1978 | 718558 |
| differential expression of nods accounts for the varied abilities of rhizobium fredii usda257 and rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 to nodulate leucaena spp. | transfer of a cosmid containing nodsu from rhizobium sp. ngr234 to rhizobium fredii usda257 expands the host range for nodulation to include the perennial tropical legumes, leucaena leucocephala and leucaena diversifolia. complementation experiments with a series of subclones established that nods and its associated nod-box promoter from ngr234 are sufficient to confer this extended host-range phenotype to l. leucocephala. strain usda257 contains its own copy of nodsu, including upstream nod-box ... | 1992 | 1484488 |
| site-directed mutagenesis and dna sequence of pcka of rhizobium ngr234, encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase: gluconeogenesis and host-dependent symbiotic phenotype. | we have cloned and sequenced the pcka gene of rhizobium sp. ngr234, a broad host-range strain. the gene encodes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck), a key enzyme of gluconeogenesis. the locus was isolated and subcloned from a genomic library of ngr234 employing hybridization with an r. meliloti pck gene probe and complementation of a tn5 mutant in this species. the dna sequence of pcka (ngr234) was determined and encoded a pepck protein of 535 amino acids with a molecular weight of 58.4 kd ... | 1991 | 1720862 |
| heterologous exopolysaccharide production in rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 and consequences for nodule development. | rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 produces large amounts of acidic exopolysaccharide. mutants that fail to synthesize this exopolysaccharide are also unable to nodulate the host plant leucaena leucocephala. a hybrid strain of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 containing exo genes from rhizobium meliloti was constructed. the background genetics and nod genes of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 are retained, but the cluster of genes involved in exopolysaccharide biosynthesis was deleted. these exo genes were repla ... | 1991 | 2022612 |
| identification of nods and nodu, two inducible genes inserted between the bradyrhizobium japonicum nodyabc and nodij genes. | the so-called common nodulation (nod) gene cluster of bradyrhizobium japonicum is characterized by a unique composition of genes that are arranged in the following order: nody, noda, nodb, nodc, nods, nodu, nodi, nodj. as reported here, the identification of the two new genes nods and nodu resulted from the dna sequencing of a 4.5-kilobase nodc-downstream region covering nods, nodu, nodi, and nodj. the predicted nods, nodu, nodi, and nodj proteins had the following respective amino acid (aa) len ... | 1990 | 2134855 |
| nodsu, two new nod genes of the broad host range rhizobium strain ngr234 encode host-specific nodulation of the tropical tree leucaena leucocephala. | rhizobium species strain ngr234 nodulates at least 35 diverse genera of legumes as well as the nonlegume parasponia andersonii. most nodulation genes are located on the 500-kilobase pair symbiotic plasmid, pngr234a. previously, three plasmid-borne host range determinants (hsni, hsnii, and hsniii) were identified by their ability to extend the nodulation capacity of heterologous rhizobia to include vigna unguiculata. in this study, we show that hsnii contains two new nod-box linked hsn genes, nod ... | 1990 | 2134856 |
| detection of ruminal bacteria that degrade toxic dihydroxypyridine compounds produced from mimosine. | leucaena leucocephala, a tropical leguminous shrub, contains a toxic amino acid, mimosine. successful utilization of leucaena as a ruminant forage depends on colonization of the rumen by bacteria that degrade dihydroxypyridines (dhp), which are toxic intermediates in the metabolism of mimosine. populations in the rumina of animals in some parts of the world, however, do not include bacteria that are able to carry out this degradation. we thus describe tests for the presence of dhp degraders in r ... | 1990 | 2317038 |
| nitrogen fixation ability of exopolysaccharide synthesis mutants of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 and rhizobium trifolii is restored by the addition of homologous exopolysaccharides. | several transposon tn5-induced mutants of the broad-host-range rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 produce little or no detectable acidic exopolysaccharide (eps) and are unable to induce nitrogen-fixing nodules on leucaena leucocephala var. peru or siratro plants. the ability of these exo- mutants to induce functioning nodules on leucaena plants was restored by coinoculation with a sym plasmid-cured (nod- exo+) derivative of parent strain ngr234, purified eps from the parent strain, or the oligosacchari ... | 1987 | 3025187 |
| leucaena leucocephala and thyroid function of newborn lambs. | | 1971 | 4108319 |
| fetal resorption in swine caused by leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit. in the diet. | | 1970 | 5420300 |
| phylogenetic relationships and host range of rhizobium spp. that nodulate phaseolus vulgaris l. | we determined the nucleotide sequences of 16s rrna gene segments from five rhizobium strains that have been isolated from tropical legume species. all share the capacity to nodulate phaseolus vulgaris l., the common bean. phylogenetic analysis confirmed that these strains are of two different chromosomal lineages. we defined the host ranges of two strains of rhizobium etli and three strains of r. tropici, comparing them with those of the two most divergently related new strains. twenty-two of th ... | 1995 | 7618891 |
| successful transfer of dhp-degrading bacteria from hawaiian goats to australian ruminants to overcome the toxicity of leucaena. | cattle and goats in australia lack the ability to totally degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone, also known as 3,4-dihydroxy pyridine (3,4 dhp), the ruminal metabolite of mimosine, a toxic aminoacid present in the leguminous shrub leucaena leucocephala. ruminants in hawaii have this capacity due to the presence of micro-organisms able to rapidly degrade the dhp. a mixed bacterial population capable of rapidly degrading dhp in vitro was isolated from a goat on the island of maui. cultures were grown a ... | 1986 | 3790013 |
| goat production performances in an upland area of east java. | etawah-grade does are being distributed amongst farmers in east java to improve goat production. this study evaluates performances of local and etawah-grade does in their first, second, third or fourth parity. etawah-grade does were nine kg heavier on average than local does. litter size and litter weight at weaning did not differ significantly between the two types of does. litter weight expressed per kg metabolic body weight of the doe was higher in local does. the cut-and-carry goat productio ... | 1986 | 3738997 |
| mandibular osteodystrophy fibrosa in indonesian goats fed leucaena. | four indonesian goats fed leucaena leucocephala with a calcium to phosphorus ratio in excess of 6:1 for 472 days developed mandibular osteodystrophy fibrosa to varying degrees ranging from severe to slight. the animals appeared to grow normally but the animal with the most severe clinical symptoms lost weight for 35 days prior to the termination of the experiment. the other three animals either maintained or gained weight during this period. a balance study performed part way through the experim ... | 1987 | 3629720 |
| serum thyroid hormone levels of heifers grazing leucaena leucocephala in southern taiwan. | this study investigated the effect of prolonged ingestion of leucaena leucocephala, a leguminous shrub with a potential as a source of animal feed in southern taiwan, by heifers on serum thyroid hormone levels. ten crossbred beef heifers were divided into treated (grazing hawaiian wildtype leucaena) and control (grazing pangola grass only) groups of 5 animals each. the heifers grazing leucaena exhibited significantly (p less than 0.001) lower serum total triiodothyronine levels and also showed a ... | 1988 | 3229161 |
| identification of a nodd-dependent locus in the rhizobium strain ngr234 activated by phenolic factors secreted by soybeans and other legumes. | transfer of the strain ngr234nodd 1 gene into the narrow host range r. trifolii strain anu843 on either a 6.7-kb hindiii or 17-kb xhoi fragment broadens the host range of this bacterium to include the tropical legumes vigna unguiculata, glycine ussuriensis, leucaena leucocephala, and siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum). contrary to previous data (bassam et al. 1986), mutagenesis of the 17-kb xhoi fragment with a mini-mu lac transposon (mu dii1734) showed that a functional nodd 1 gene was essent ... | 1988 | 2980201 |
| induction of pathogenic-like responses in the legume macroptilium atropurpureum by a transposon-induced mutant of the fast-growing, broad-host-range rhizobium strain ngr234. | mutant strain anu2861, a transposon tn5 mutant of the fast-growing, broad-host-range rhizobium strain anu280 (ngr234 smr rfr) overproduces polysaccharide, is an ade auxotroph, and induces poorly developed nodules on leucaena leucocephala and lablab purpureus (h.c. chen, m. batley, j.w. redmond, and b.g. rolfe, j. plant physiol. 120:331-349, 1985). strain anu2861 cannot form nodules on macroptilium atropurpureum urb. (siratro) or on desmodium intortum and d. uncinatum and the nonlegume parasponia ... | 1988 | 2832384 |
| novel and complex chromosomal arrangement of rhizobium loti nodulation genes. | a mutational and structural analysis of rhizobium loti nodulation genes in strains nzp2037 and nzp2213 was carried out. unlike the case with other rhizobium strains examined to date, nodb was found on an operon separate from nodacij. sequence analysis of the nodacij and nodb operon regions confirm that r. loti common nod genes have a gene organization different from that of other rhizobium spp. at least 4 copies of nodd-like sequences were identified in r. loti. the complete nucleotide sequence ... | 1996 | 8850088 |
| development of smallholder dairy units in malaysia. | in experiments conducted over a four-year period the effect of pasture type (setaria sphacelata and a brachiaria decumbens/leucaena leucocephala mixture), management system (rotational grazing and cut and carry) and level of concentrate supplement (0, 4 and 6 kg fresh weight/cow per day) on milk production in smallholder dairy units was examined. all units were 1 ha in size and stocked with five sahiwal x friesian cows. milk yields/ha were higher from rotational grazing and the brachiaria/leucae ... | 1989 | 2799944 |
| nodz of bradyrhizobium extends the nodulation host range of rhizobium by adding a fucosyl residue to nodulation signals. | the nodulation genes of rhizobia are involved in the production of the lipo-chitin oligosaccharides (lco), which are signal molecules required for nodule formation. a mutation in nodz of bradyrhizobium japonicum results in the synthesis of nodulation signals lacking the wild-type 2-o-methylfucose residue at the reducting-terminal n-acetylglucosamine. this phenotype is correlated with a defective nodulation of siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum). here we show that transfer of nodz to rhizobium l ... | 1996 | 8858593 |
| exopolysaccharide mutants of rhizobium loti are fully effective on a determinate nodulating host but are ineffective on an indeterminate nodulating host. | by tn5 mutagenesis of rhizobium loti pn184 (nzp2037 str-1) and selection for nonfluorescence of colonies on calcofluor agar, eight independently generated expolysaccharide (eps) mutants (three smooth and five rough) were isolated. the parent strain, pn184, was found to produce an acidic eps. this eps was produced. with reduced o acetylation, by the smooth eps mutants but not by the rough eps mutants. lipopolysaccharide was isolated from all mutants and was identical to that of pn184 as defined b ... | 1991 | 1987168 |
| the requirement for exopolysaccharide precedes the requirement for flavolan-binding polysaccharide in nodulation of leucaena leucocephala by rhizobium loti. | rhizobium loti strain pn4115 (nzp2213 str-1) ineffectively nodulates leucaena leucocephala, i.e., strain pn4115 induces nodulation (nod+) and is able to invade these nodules (inv+), but fails to fix nitrogen (fix-). strain pn4115 does not synthesize a flavolan-binding polysaccharide (fbp), which is synthesized by the fully effective (nod+inv+fix+) r. loti strain pn184 (nzp2037 str-1). the fbp may offer protection from prodelphinidin-rich flavolans synthesized by lc. leucocephala. in this work, w ... | 1997 | 9133327 |
| in vivo decondensation of chromatin and nucleolar fibrillar component by leucaena leucocephala ingredient. | feeding of the shrimp, penaeus monodon, with diets containing leaf meal of the leguminous shrub, leucaena leucocephala, resulted in complete chromatin decondensation of hepatopancreas cells. the fibrillar component of the nucleolus was decondensed in parallel, whereas the granular component remained intact. this unique combination of nuclear signs was accompanied by only moderate alterations of other cell organelles. our findings therefore demonstrate an encouraging possibility to manipulate the ... | 1991 | 1794061 |
| mimosine in leucaena leucocephala is metabolised to a goitrogen in ruminants. | | 1976 | 1016147 |
| [nutritional evaluation of the seeds of "ipil-ipil" (leucaena leucocephala), "casco de vaca" (bauhinia monandra) and scented carob (albizia lebbeck)]. | chemical composition, antinutritional factors and biological protein quality of raw and autoclaved (120 degrees c for 10 min) ipil-ipil (leucaena leucocephala), casco de vaca (bauhinia monandra) ard algarrobo de olor (albizia lebbeck) seeds were determined. the trypsin inhibitor activity was 29, 120, and 150 tiu/mg of sample respectively. autoclaving eliminated 59, 33 and 100% of the activity. bauhinia monandra seed depicted a high hemagglutinating activity which was eliminated by autoclaving. n ... | 1988 | 3154303 |
| the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone, a ruminal metabolite from leucaena leucocephala: effects in mice and rats. | mice fed a diet containing 1% (w/w) 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone (dhp) developed goitre even with a diet high in iodine whereas mimosine (0.5% w/w) did not produce goitre even with a low-iodine diet. thyroid enlargement was apparent (measured morphometrically) by the 7th week and was advanced by the 11th week. histologically the goitre was hyperplastic in type. no marked histological changes were found in other organs of mice fed dhp or any organs of mice fed mimosine, except for some atrophy of hai ... | 1979 | 90499 |
| genetic characterization of rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 that nodulates tree legumes. | rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 nodulates leucaena leucocephala and phaseolus vulgaris, in addition to a wide range of tropical tree legumes. six overlapping clones that complemented nodulation defects in leucaena and bean rhizobia were isolated and a 40-kb map of the symbiosis region was constructed. the common nod and nifa genes were situated approximately 17 kb apart, with the nodij genes in between. these clones enabled a derivative of tal1145 carrying a partially deleted psym to form ineffecti ... | 1994 | 8012908 |
| the nodd proteins of rhizobium sp. strain br816 differ in their interactions with coinducers and in their activities for nodulation of different host plants. | the early steps of symbiotic nodule formation by rhizobium spp. on plants require coordinate expression of several nod gene operons, which is accomplished by the activating protein nodd. rhizobium sp. strain br816, isolated from leucaena leucocephala, contains four nodd genes which differ in their interaction with flavonoids. two of the four nodd proteins, namely, nodd1 and nodd2, obey the lysr rule regarding the need of a coinducer. nodd3 shows hardly any inducing activity, and nodd4 contains a ... | 1994 | 7986038 |
| mimosine degradation in calves fed a sole diet of leucaena leucocephala in india. | five karan swiss crossbred (sahiwal x brown swiss) calves were abruptly switched over from a diet of concentrate and maize fodder to ad libitum air dried leucaena leucocephala leaves plus twigs. after 17 days on the l. leucocephala diet, 3 of the calves were supplemented with copper sulphate (10 mg/kg dm l. leucocephala) for 12 days. thereafter all the calves were taken off the l. leucocephala diet and returned to the pre-experimental concentrate and maize fodder diet. while on the l. leucocepha ... | 1994 | 7900214 |
| the nods gene of rhizobium tropici strain ciat899 is necessary for nodulation on phaseolus vulgaris and on leucaena leucocephala. | rhizobium tropici strain ciat899 induces nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots of a wide range of tropical legumes, including phaseolus vulgaris and leucaena leucocephala. previously, a dna region of the ciat899 psym plasmid containing the common nodulation genes nodabc and one of the nodd alleles was characterized (p. van rhijn, b. feys, c. verreth, and j. vanderleyden, j. bacteriol. 175: 438-447, 1993). as reported here, the region immediately downstream of nodc contains the nodsu genes. the nu ... | 1995 | 7772799 |
| leucaena leucocephala serine proteinase inhibitor: primary structure and action on blood coagulation, kinin release and rat paw edema. | a serine proteinase inhibitor isolated from leucaena leucocephala seeds (llti) was purified to homogeneity by acetone fractionation, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and reverse phase chromatography (hplc). sds-page indicated a protein with m(r) 20000 and two polypeptide chains (alpha-chain, m(r) 15000, and beta-chain, m(r) 5000), the sequence being determined by automatic edman degradation and by mass spectroscopy. llti is a 174 amino acid residue protein which shows high homology to ... | 2000 | 10708849 |
| collagenase-induced oedema in the rat paw and the kinin system. | collagenase (100 micrograms) induced a large plasma extravasation, during the first 15 min after its injection in rat paw, associated with the rapid development of oedema which subsided after 6 h. the extent of the oedema was similar in normal and kininogen-deficient rats. the swelling induced in normal rats was reduced by hoe 140 (d-arg[hyp3,thi5,d-tic7,oic8]bradykinin), a bradykinin b2 receptor antagonist, and by three serine protease inhibitors, soybean trypsin inhibitor (sbti), leucaena leuc ... | 1995 | 7768261 |
| cataracts, goitre and infertility in cattle grazed on an exclusive diet of leucaena leucocephala. | gross and histopathological changes and serum thyroxine levels were determined in 10 heifers fed an exclusive diet of leucaena leucocephala from 10 months of age until slaughter, 23 months later. normal ovarian activity and mating were observed during a 7-month mating period. cataracts, goitre, lingual epithelial ulceration and gingival atrophy were present at slaughter. only one of the heifers was pregnant. histologically, severe vacuolation and disruption of lens fibres and focal hyperplasia o ... | 1981 | 7316890 |
| toxicity of leucaena leucocephala for steers in the wet tropics. | brahman crossbred steers grazed leucaena leucocephala (cv peru) for 0, 1/2, 1 1/2, 2 1/2, 3 1/2, 4 1/2, 5 1/2, or 6 1/2 days per week grazing buffel grass (cenchrus ciliaris) for the 1 1/2, remainder, for at least 50 weeks. animals grazing buffel grass only or leucaena for 1/2 day only grew faster than all other groups in the wet season (0.75 dg/day) but not in the dry season (0.44 dg/day) and had normal thyroxine concentrations in blood. all other groups grew more slowly, had reduced blood thyr ... | 1981 | 7233563 |
| preliminary studies on hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic activities of leucaena leucocephala (lam) de wit. | | 1982 | 7185753 |
| determination of mimosine and 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone in leucaena, avian excreta and serum using reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. | the estimation of mimosine and 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone in leucaena leucocephala, leucaena seeds, chick excreta and chick serum using reversed-phase ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated. isocratic elution of both compounds was achieved in 11 min using sodium octyl sulphate as the pairing agent in a ph 2.25 buffer. good recoveries of both mimosine and 3-hydroxy-4(1h)-pyridone in all but serum samples were obtained. | 1982 | 7061669 |
| [the acceptable daily intake of mimosine for productive livestock and its importance in the use of leucaena leucocephala in animal nutrition]. | | 1984 | 6383768 |
| rhizobium yanglingense sp. nov., isolated from arid and semi-arid regions in china. | a novel rhizobial group, cluster 9, defined in previous research [tan, z. y., wang, e. t., peng, g. x., zhu, m. e., martinez-romero, e. & chen, w. x. (1999). int j syst bacteriol 49, 1457-1469], was further characterized by determination of dna base composition, whole-cell protein sds-page analysis, dna-dna hybridization, 16s rrna gene sequencing and host specificity. these isolates were collected from the wild legumes amphicarpaea trisperma, coronilla varia and gueldenstaedtia multiflora growin ... | 2001 | 11411714 |
| australian goats detoxify the goitrogen 3-hydroxy-4(1h) pyridone (dhp) after rumen infusion from an indonesian goat. | the failure of australian goats fed leucaena leucocephala (leucaena) to degrade 3-hydroxy-4(1h) pyridone (dhp), the goitrogenic metabolite of mimosine, was overcome when they were infused with rumen fluid from an indonesian goat. the leucaena toxicity problem in australia may well be solved by transfer of specific bacteria capable of degrading dhp anaerobically. | 1984 | 6210212 |
| classification of the uptake hydrogenase-positive (hup+) bean rhizobia as rhizobium tropici. | phenotypic and genetic characterization indicated that hup+ bean rhizobial strains are type iia and type iib rhizobium tropici. the hup+ strain usda 2840, which did not cluster with either of the two types of r. tropici in a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, had electrophoretic patterns of pcr products generated with primers for repetitive extragenic palindromic and enterobacterial repetitive intergeneric consensus sequences similar to those of three reference strains of r. trop ... | 1994 | 8135515 |
| lactational performance of jersey cows given napier fodder (pennisetum purpureum) with and without protein concentrates in the semi-humid tropics. | two experiments with 12 and 18 lactating jersey cows respectively were carried out in the coastal semi-humid zone of kenya to assess the performance arising from the feeding of chopped napier fodder (pennisetum purpureum) given ad libitum with and without one of three sources of protein; fishmeal, copra cake and freshly cut leucaena (leucaena leucocephala). each source supplied approximately 300 g crude protein daily. dry matter intakes of napier fodder fed alone averaged 7.1 and 5.5 kg in exper ... | 1993 | 8236479 |
| genomic heterogeneity among french rhizobium strains isolated from phaseolus vulgaris l. | levels of dna relatedness between strains isolated from root nodules of phaseolus vulgaris and reference strains of different rhizobium species were determined by performing dna-dna hybridization experiments (s1 nuclease method). the nine strains examined were members of three genomic groups previously delineated by a restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis among strains isolated from p. vulgaris at different sites in france. in agreement with the results of the restriction fragment le ... | 1993 | 8240956 |
| multiple copies of nodd in rhizobium tropici ciat899 and br816. | rhizobium tropici strains are able to nodulate a wide range of host plants: phaseolus vulgaris, leucaena spp., and macroptilium atropurpureum. we studied the nodd regulatory gene for nodulation of two r. tropici strains: ciat899, the reference r. tropici type iib strain, and br816, a heat-tolerant strain isolated from leucaena leucocephala. a survey revealed several nodd-hybridizing dna regions in both strains: five distinct regions in ciat899 and four distinct regions in br816. induction experi ... | 1993 | 8419293 |
| amino acid utilization by the ruminal bacterium synergistes jonesii strain 78-1. | the ruminal bacterium synergistes jonesii strain 78-1, which is able to degrade the pyridinediol toxin in the plant leucaena leucocephala, was studied for its ability to utilise amino acids. the organism used arginine, histidine and glycine from a complex mixture of amino acids, and both arginine and histidine supported growth in a semi-defined medium. the products of (u-14c)-arginine metabolism were co2 acetate, butyrate, citrulline and ornithine. the labelling pattern of end products from (u-1 ... | 1993 | 8439235 |
| isolation and characterization of a psym locus of rhizobium sp. br816 that extends nodulation ability of narrow host range phaseolus vulgaris symbionts to leucaena leucocephala. | introduction of a cosmid library of megaplasmid dna of rhizobium sp. br816, a broad host range rhizobium strain, into r. etli ce3, a narrow host range bean symbiont, resulted in the isolation of a transconjugant that could effectively nodulate leucaena leucocephala. analysis of the corresponding cosmid, pbrf2, revealed the presence of genes required for elicting nitrogen-fixing nodules on l. leucoephala. subcloning and tn5 tagging identified a locus responsible for the host range extension. sequ ... | 1996 | 8589426 |
| in vitro and in vivo antiviral properties of sulfated galactomannans against yellow fever virus (beh111 strain) and dengue 1 virus (hawaii strain). | two galactomannans, one extracted from seeds of mimosa scabrella, having a mannose to galactose ratio of 1.1, and another with a 1.4 ratio from seeds of leucaena leucocephala, were sulfated. the products from m. scabrella (brs) and l. leucocephala (lls) had a degree of sulfation of 0.62 and 0.50, and an average molecular weight of 620x10(3) and 574x10(3) gmol(-1), respectively. their activities against yellow fever virus (yfv; beh111 strain) and dengue 1 virus (den-1; hawaii strain) were evaluat ... | 2003 | 14638396 |
| effect of a serine proteinase inhibitor from leucaena leucocephala on plasma kallikrein and plasmin. | | 1996 | 8856177 |
| the requirement for exopolysaccharide precedes the requirement for flavolan-binding polysaccharide in nodulation of leucaena leucocephala by rhizobium loti | rhizobium loti strain pn4115 (nzp2213 str-1) ineffectively nodulates leucaena leucocephala, i.e., strain pn4115 induces nodulation (nod+) and is able to invade these nodules (inv+), but fails to fix nitrogen (fix-). strain pn4115 does not synthesize a flavolan-binding polysaccharide (fbp), which is synthesized by the fully effective (nod+inv+fix+) r. loti strain pn184 (nzp2037 str-1). the fbp may offer protection from prodelphinidin-rich flavolans synthesized by lc. leucocephala. in this work, w ... | 1997 | 9042760 |
| rumen dry matter and crude protein degradability of extracted or untreated oilseeds and leucaena leucocephala leaves. | a study was undertaken to determine the rumen dm and cp degradability characteristics of soyabean, canola seed, peanut, palm kernel and leucaena leucocephala leaves. the oilseeds were either treated with n-hexane to extract the fat or left untreated. nylon bags were incubated in each of four rumen cannulated sheep for 0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. animals were fed on a diet consisting of meadow hay (ad libitum) and 150 g of concentrate twice daily. fat extraction caused a decrease (p < or = 0.05) ... | 1997 | 9227808 |
| regulation of exopolysaccharide synthesis in rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 involves an alternative sigma factor gene, rpoh2. | exopolysaccharide (eps) produced by rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 has been shown to be essential for effective nodulation on leucaena leucocephala (leucaena). this paper reports the isolation and characterization of an alternative sigma factor gene, rpoh2, involved in the regulation of eps synthesis in tal1145. disruption of this gene in tal1145 resulted in a calcofluor-dim mutant ruh102 that produced approximately 18 % of the amount of eps made by tal1145. this mutation did not affect the normal ... | 2004 | 15470124 |
| influence of foliage from african multipurpose trees on activity of rumen protozoa and bacteria. | samples and extracts of foliage from african multipurpose trees were screened for their effects on rumen protozoa and bacteria with a view to predicting their safety as feed supplements and for identifying species with potential antiprotozoal activity. the species tested were acacia aneura, chamaecytisus palmensis, brachychiton populneum, flindersia maculosa, sesbania sesban, leucaena leucocephala and vernonia amyedalina. antimicrobial effects were mild except for s. sesban, which was highly tox ... | 1997 | 9301414 |
| characterization of the common bean uricase ii and its expression in organs other than nodules. | uricase ii is a purine metabolic enzyme highly induced in root nodules during the symbiosis established between legumes and bacteria of the genera rhizobium and bradyrhizobium. here we describe the characterization of bean (phaseolus vulgaris) nodule uricase ii cdna and show that uricase ii is encoded by a single gene in the bean genome. this gene is also expressed in cotyledons, roots, and hypocotyls during bean seedling establishment, and an anti-uricase antibody recognizes the protein in diff ... | 1997 | 9414545 |
| nodulation of acacia species by fast- and slow-growing tropical strains of rhizobium. | thirteen acacia species were classified into three groups according to effective nodulation response patterns with fast- and slow-growing tropical strains of rhizobium. the first group nodulated effectively with slow-growing, cowpea-type rhizobium strains; the second, with fast-growing rhizobium strains; and the third, with both fast- and slow-growing rhizobium strains. the rhizobium requirements of the acacia species of the second group were similar to those of leucaena leucocephala. | 1981 | 16345705 |
| competition among rhizobium spp. for nodulation of leucaena leucocephala in two tropical soils. | the successful nodulation of legumes by a rhizobium strain is determined by the competitive ability of that strain against the mixture of other native and inoculant rhizobia. competition among six leucaena rhizobial strains in single and multistrain inoculants were studied. field inoculation trials were conducted in an oxisol and a mollisol soil, both of which contained indigenous leucaena-nodulating rhizobia. strain-specific fluorescent antibodies were used for the identification of the strains ... | 1984 | 16346600 |
| osteopathy in broiler chicks fed toxic mimosine in leucaena leucocephala. | further studies of mimosine toxicity in broiler chicks were done to clarify a possibility of osteopathy. the mineral content and density of femur and the strength, ductility, and toughness for the index of mechanical properties significantly decreased in the 1% mimosine group, compared with those in the control and restricted groups. the stiffness had a decreasing tendency in the 1% mimosine group. consequently, it was concluded that chicks fed ad libitum a 1% mimosine diet for 12 days developed ... | 1998 | 9501516 |
| genotypic characterization of bradyrhizobium strains nodulating endemic woody legumes of the canary islands by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of genes encoding 16s rrna (16s rdna) and 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacers, repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr genomic fingerprinting, and partial 16s rdna sequencing. | we present a phylogenetic analysis of nine strains of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from nodules of tagasaste (chamaecytisus proliferus) and other endemic woody legumes of the canary islands, spain. these and several reference strains were characterized genotypically at different levels of taxonomic resolution by computer-assisted analysis of 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (pcr-rflps), 16s-23s rdna intergenic spacer (igs) rflps, and repetitiv ... | 1998 | 9603820 |
| noll of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 is required for o-acetyltransferase activity. | following (iso)flavonoid induction, nodulation genes of the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 elaborate a large family of lipooligosaccharidic nod factors (nodngr factors). when secreted into the rhizosphere of compatible legumes, these signal molecules initiate root hair deformation and nodule development. the nonreducing glucosamine residue of nodngr factors are n acylated, n methylated, and mono- or biscarbamoylated, while position c-6 of the reducing extremity i ... | 1999 | 9922261 |
| letter: the effects of leucaena leucocephala on cattle in the northern territory,. | | 1976 | 986805 |
| nutritive value of leucaena leucocephala for growing bull calves. | twelve cross-bred (holstein x gir) bull calves (11-12 months of age) were divided into two groups and fed over a 90 day period on two levels of leucaena. animals in group i were offered leucaena ad lib. whilst those in group 2 received a restricted amount of leucaena plus a mixture of sorghum straw and molasses (75:25) fed ad lib. digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre for leucaena are presented. the live weight gain was significantly (p le ... | 1978 | 746592 |
| fate of mimosine administered orally to sheep and its effectiveness as a defleecing agent. | mimosine was administered orally to merino sheep once daily for periods of 1-3 days, either as the isolated compound or in the foliage of leucaena leucocephala. a single daily dose of mimosine of 450 or 600 mg/kg body weight was effective for defleecing sheep. a daily dose rate of 300 mg/kg was effective for defleecing sheep if given on two successive days. the effectiveness of a treatment for defleecing sheep was related to the concentration of mimosine in plasma following dosing; defleecing en ... | 1975 | 1225286 |
| isolation and characterization of alfalfa-nodulating rhizobia present in acidic soils of central argentina and uruguay | we describe the isolation and characterization of alfalfa-nodulating rhizobia from acid soils of different locations in central argentina and uruguay. a collection of 465 isolates was assembled, and the rhizobia were characterized for acid tolerance. growth tests revealed the existence of 15 acid-tolerant (at) isolates which were able to grow at ph 5.0 and formed nodules in alfalfa with a low rate of nitrogen fixation. analysis of those isolates, including partial sequencing of the genes encodin ... | 1999 | 10103231 |
| rhizobium etli bv. mimosae, a novel biovar isolated from mimosa affinis. | fifty rhizobial isolates from root nodules of mimosa affinis, a small leguminous plant native to mexico, were identified as rhizobium etli on the basis of the results of pcr-rflp and rflp analyses of small-subunit rrna genes, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and dna-dna homology. they are, however, a restricted group of lineages with low genetic diversity within the species. the isolates from m. affinis differed-from the r. etli strains that orginated from bean plants (phaseolus vulgaris) in th ... | 1999 | 10555329 |
| effects of dietary level of leucaena leucocephala on performance of angora and spanish doelings. | thirty angora (16+/-2kg initial body weight) and 20 spanish doelings (19+/-2kg initial body weight), approximately 8 months of age, were used in an 10 week experiment to evaluate effects of dietary level of leucaena leucocephala on body weight (bw) gain and fiber growth. the control diet (cs) included 9% dry matter (dm) of formaldehyde-treated casein; other diets consisted of 15, 30, 45 or 60% dm of leucaena leaf meal (0.75% mimosine; 15, 30, 45 and 60l, respectively). diets were formulated to b ... | 2000 | 10924874 |
| reproductive performance of south african indigenous goats inoculated with dhp-degrading rumen bacteria and maintained on leucaena leucocephala/grass mixture and natural pasture. | this study examined the reproductive performance of dihydroxy pyridone (dhp)-inoculated south african indigenous (saig) female goats maintained on two dietary treatments: (i) leucaena leucocephala/grass mixture and (ii) natural pasture prior to conception, and during gestation. leucaena leucocephala/grass mixture was nutritionally superior (crude protein and mineral elements) than the natural pasture. the average daily gain, products of pregnancy and foetal development in gravid goats raised on ... | 2001 | 11163718 |
| diversity of rhizobia nodulating phaseolus vulgaris l. in two kenyan soils with contrasting phs. | rhizobia were isolated from two kenyan soils with phs of 4.5 and 6.8 and characterized on the basis of their host ranges for nodulation and nitrogen fixation, colony morphologies, restriction fragment fingerprints, and hybridization with a nifh probe. the populations of rhizobia nodulating phaseolus vulgaris in the two soils were similar in numbers and in effectiveness of n(inf2) fixation but were markedly different in composition. the population in the naivasha soil (ph 6.8) was dominated by is ... | 1995 | 16535165 |
| anthelmintic activity of leucaena leucocephala seed extract on haemonchus contortus-infective larvae. | | 2006 | 16603554 |
| seasonal variation of macro and trace mineral contents in 14 browse species that grow in northeastern mexico. | leaves and twigs from shrub species consumed by range goats: acacia berlandieri, acacia farnesiana, acacia greggii, acacia rigidula, celtis pallida, cercidium macrum, condalia obovata, cordia boissieri, desmanthus virgathus, leucaena leucocephala, leucophyllum texanum, opuntia lindehimieri, porlieria angustifolia, prosopis glandulosa, and ziziphus obtusifolia were evaluated for comparative seasonal contents of ca, p, mg k, zn, mn, cu and fe. plants were collected in summer (september 12, 1992), ... | 2001 | 11182308 |
| acceptance and digestibility of some selected browse feeds with varying tannin content as supplements in sheep nutrition in west africa. | in 1994 and 1995 leaves from 10 selected west african trees and shrubs with varying tannin content were tested to determine their suitability as an alternative and supplementary browse feed for west african dwarf sheep to improve productivity in small-scale holdings in benin. dry matter intake per kg metabolic body weight (dm g/kg w0.75) varied between the different browse feeds and between the different trials and ranged from zero (leucaena leucocephala) up to 26.7 dm g/kg w0.75 (margaritaria d ... | 2000 | 11246480 |
| drought associated poisoning of cattle in south texas by the high quality forage legume leucaena leucocephala. | approximately 80 head of yearling cattle grazing on 680 acres exhibited signs of leucaena leucocephala toxicosis, which was confirmed in 3 animals by detection of 3-hydroxy-4 (ih)-pyridone, the metabolite of the poisonous principle mimosine, in their urine. the animals had grazed leucaena almost exclusively due to lack of alternative forage resulting from drought conditions. toxicosis from this otherwise high quality forage would likely not have occurred had animals consumed lower amounts of leu ... | 2001 | 11308129 |
| nitrification inhibitors from the roots of leucaena leucocephala. | the nitrification inhibition (ni) bioassay guided fractionation of the methanol extract of lyophilized and milled roots of leuceana leucocephala resulted in the isolation of four compounds, 1-4, as confirmed from their 1h and 13c nmr spectral data. compound 1, gallocatechin, was the most active ni inhibitor at 12 microg/ml. epigallocatechin, 2, and epicatechin, 4, isolated as mixtures, were not assayed individually for their ni inhibitory activities against the nitrification bacterium nitrosomon ... | 2000 | 11312789 |
| nitrogen-fixing nodules with ensifer adhaerens harboring rhizobium tropici symbiotic plasmids. | ensifer adhaerens is a soil bacterium that attaches to other bacteria and may cause lysis of these other bacteria. based on the sequence of its small-subunit rrna gene, e. adhaerens is related to sinorhizobium spp. e. adhaerens atcc 33499 did not nodulate phaseolus vulgaris (bean) or leucaena leucocephala, but with symbiotic plasmids from rhizobium tropici cfn299 it formed nitrogen-fixing nodules on both hosts. the nodule isolates were identified as e. adhaerens isolates by growth on selective m ... | 2001 | 11425750 |
| selection of several classes of mimosine-degradation-defective tn3hogus-insertion mutants of rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 on the basis of mimosine-inducible gus activity. | rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 that nodulates leucaena leucocephala degrades mimosine, a toxin produced by this tree legume. a cosmid clone, puhr263, containing approximately 25 kb cloned dna was isolated by plating escherichia coli cells containing the cosmid clone library of tal1145 on a minimal medium in which 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (hp), a degradation product of mimosine, was used as the source of nitrogen. cosmid puhr263 was mutagenized by random insertions of tn3hogus, a transposon that makes ... | 2001 | 11467724 |
| sinorhizobium morelense sp. nov., a leucaena leucocephala-associated bacterium that is highly resistant to multiple antibiotics. | sinorhizobium morelense sp. nov. is described to designate a group of bacteria isolated from root nodules of leucaena leucocephala. s. morelense shows 98% 16s rrna gene sequence similarity to some sinorhizobium species and to ensifer adhaerens. this novel species is distinguished from other sinorhizobium species and from e. adhaerens by dna-dna hybridization, 165 rrna gene restriction fragments and sequence and some distinctive phenotypic features. strains of this species are highly resistant to ... | 2002 | 12361275 |
| preventing establishment: an inventory of introduced plants in puerto villamil, isabela island, galapagos. | as part of an island-wide project to identify and eradicate potentially invasive plant species before they become established, a program of inventories is being carried out in the urban and agricultural zones of the four inhabited islands in galapagos. this study reports the results of the inventory from puerto villamil, a coastal village representing the urban zone of isabela island. we visited all 1193 village properties to record the presence of the introduced plants. in addition, information ... | 2007 | 17940606 |
| serological detection and immunogold localization of cross-reactive antigens shared by camellia sinensis and exobasidium vexans. | pathogenicity of exobasidium vexans, causal agent of blister blight of tea, was studied in 30 commercially cultivated tea varieties by analysing the antigenic patterns of host and pathogen using immunological techniques. | 2007 | 17953578 |
| the mid genes of rhizobium sp strain tal1145 are required for degradation of mimosine into 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone and are inducible by mimosine. | mimosine is a toxin present in the tree-legume leucaena (leucaena leucocephala), including its root nodules and the root exudates. the leucaena-nodulating rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 degrades mimosine (mid(+)) and utilizes it as a source of carbon and nitrogen. twelve tal1145 mutants defective in mimosine degradation (mid(-)) were made through tn3hogus, tnphoa or kanamycin-resistance-cassette insertions. a 5.0 kb psti fragment of tal1145, subcloned from a cosmid clone containing mid genes for m ... | 2003 | 12624215 |
| distribution and diversity of rhizobia nodulating agroforestry legumes in soils from three continents in the tropics. | the natural rhizobial populations of calliandra calothyrsus, gliricidia sepium, leucaena leucocephala and sesbania sesban were assessed in soils from nine sites across tropical areas of three continents. the rhizobial population size varied from undetectable numbers to 1.8 x 104 cells/g of soil depending on the trap host and the soil. calliandra calothyrsus was the most promiscuous legume, nodulating in eight soils, while s. sesban nodulated in only one of the soils. polymerase chain reaction re ... | 2003 | 12753212 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of an antifungal chitinase from leucaena leucocephala de wit. | chitinase cdnas from leucaena leucocephala seedlings were cloned by pcr amplification with degenerate primers based on conserved class i chitinase sequences and cdna library screening. two closely related chitinase cdnas were sequenced and inferred to encode precursor proteins of 323 (kb1) and 326 (kb2) amino acids. expression of the kb2 chitinase from a pet32a plasmid in origami (de3) escherichia coli produced high chitinase activity in the cell lysate. the recombinant thioredoxin fusion protei ... | 2003 | 12784603 |
| diverse mesorhizobium plurifarium populations native to mexican soils. | forty-six mesorhizobium strains associated with the leguminous plants leucaena leucocephala and sesbania herbacea in an uncultivated mexican field were characterized using a polyphasic approach. the strains were identified as mesorhizobium plurifarium based upon the close relationships with the reference strains for this species in pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses, sequencing of 16s rrna genes, multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, and dna-dna hybridization. although the ... | 2003 | 14576977 |
| molecular mechanism of enzyme inhibition: prediction of the three-dimensional structure of the dimeric trypsin inhibitor from leucaena leucocephala by homology modelling. | serine proteinase inhibitors are widely distributed in nature and inhibit the activity of enzymes like trypsin and chymotrypsin. these proteins interfere with the physiological processes such as germination, maturation and form the first line of defense against the attack of seed predator. the most thoroughly examined plant serine proteinase inhibitors are found in the species of the families leguminosae, graminae, and solanaceae. leucaena leucocephala belongs to the family leguminosae. it is wi ... | 2004 | 14741700 |
| performance of growing indigenous goats fed diets based on urban market crop wastes. | the effect of feeding diets including market crop wastes (sweet potato vines (ipomoea batatas) and scarlet eggplant (solanum aethiopicum)) on growth and digestibility was studied using 32 indigenous intact growing male goats. adding elephant grass (pennisetum purpureum), maize bran and leucaena leucocephala leaves, four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (sweet potato vines, solanum, mixed and control) were formulated. after the growth trial, 12 goats were randomly selected for a digestibility ... | 2009 | 18551378 |
| effect of supplementation of a basal diet of maize stover with erythrina variegata, gliricidia sepium or leucaena leucocephala on feed intake and digestibility by goats. | two 4 x 4 latin square design experiments were carried out. in experiment 1, four mature anglo-nubian x fiji local goats, pre-experimental body weight 25.0 +/- 0.6 kg, 22-24 months old, were used to study the effect of supplementation of a basal diet of maize stover with erythrina variegata (ev), gliricidia sepium (gs) and leucaena leucocephala (ll) on dry matter intake (dmi) and nutrient digestibility. maize stover treated with urea was used as a control diet. e. variegata was higher in crude p ... | 2004 | 14998316 |
| symbiotic phenotypes and translocated effector proteins of the mesorhizobium loti strain r7a virb/d4 type iv secretion system. | the symbiosis island of mesorhizobium loti strain r7a contains genes with strong similarity to the structural vir genes (virb1-11; vird4) of agrobacterium tumefaciens that encode the type iv secretion system (t4ss) required for t-dna transfer to plants. in contrast, m. loti strain maff303099 lacks these genes but contains genes not present in strain r7a that encode a type iii secretion system (t3ss). here we show by hybridization analysis that most m. loti strains contain the virb/d4 t4ss and no ... | 2004 | 15469524 |
| characteristics of the rhizobia associated with dalea spp. in the ordway, kellogg-weaver dunes, and hayden prairies. | habitat fragmentation affects the biodiversity and function of aboveground organisms in natural ecosystems but has not been studied for effects on belowground species. in this paper, we consider the diversity of the rhizobia associated with the indigenous legume dalea purpurea in 3 residual prairie areas in minnesota and iowa. using dalea purpurea as a trap host, 218 rhizobia were recovered from these soils then characterized using boxa1r pcr. three major and 13 minor groups were distinguished b ... | 2005 | 15782230 |
| rare or remarkable microfungi from oaxaca (south mexico)--part ii. | microfungi were collected in southern mexico in the vicinity of puerto escondido, oaxaca in 2007. in 2006, samples were gathered from acacia myrmecophytes [(remarkable microfungi from oaxaca of acacia species) part i]. in the present investigation [part ii], we collected microfungi from different parts of a variety of wild and cultivated higher plants belonging to the families anacardiaceae, caricaceae, fabaceae, moraceae, and nyctaginacae. the microfungi found here live as parasites or saprophy ... | 2008 | 19226752 |
| guab activity is required in rhizobium tropici during the early stages of nodulation of determinate nodules but is dispensable for the sinorhizobium meliloti-alfalfa symbiotic interaction. | the guab mutant strain rhizobium tropici ciat8999-10t is defective in symbiosis with common bean, forming nodules that lack rhizobial content. in order to investigate the timing of the guab requirement during the nodule formation on the host common bean by the strain ciat899-10.t, we constructed gene fusions in which the guab gene is expressed under the control of the symbiotic promoters noda, baca, and nifh. our data indicated that the guab is required from the early stages of nodulation becaus ... | 2005 | 16042020 |
| sulfation of nod factors via nodhpq is nodd independent in rhizobium tropici ciat899. | a cosmid from the rhizobium tropici ciat899 symbiotic plasmid, containing most of the nodulation genes described in this strain, has been isolated. although this cosmid does not carry a nodd gene, it confers ability to heterologous rhizobium spp. to nodulate r. tropici hosts (phaseolus vulgaris, macroptilium atropurpureum, and leucaena leucocephala). the observed phenotype is due to constitutive expression of the nodabcsuij operon, which has lost its regulatory region and is expressed from a pro ... | 1998 | 9768515 |
| phylogenetic analyses of symbiotic genes and characterization of functional traits of mesorhizobium spp. strains associated with the promiscuous species acacia seyal del. | to assess the phenotypic, symbiotic and genotypic diversity scope of mesorhizobium spp. strains associated with acacia seyal (del.) isolated from different agro-ecological zones in senegal, and uses of susceptible microbial inoculum in a reafforestation process. | 2010 | 19735328 |
| reliability of the most-probable-number technique for enumerating rhizobia in tropical soils. | we used six rhizobium-legume systems to test the reliability of the most-probable-number (mpn) technique for enumerating rhizobia introduced into 14 sites representing four soil orders. the range-of-transition values (the number of dilution steps between the first not-entirely-positive and the last not-entirely-negative growth units) were compared for each species and for each soil. the probability that the observed data were significantly different from theoretical values varied with the specie ... | 1988 | 16347661 |
| transgenic leucaena leucocephala expressing the rhizobium gene pyda encoding a meta-cleavage dioxygenase shows reduced mimosine content. | the use of the tree-legume leucaena leucocephala (leucaena), which contains high levels of proteins in its foliage, is limited due to the presence of the toxic free amino acid mimosine. the goal of this research was to develop transgenic leucaena with reduced mimosine content. two genes, pyda and pydb, encoding a meta-cleavage dioxygenase (ec 1.13.11.2) and a pyruvate hydrolase (ec 3.7.1.6), respectively, from the mimosine-degrading leucaena symbiont rhizobium sp. strain tal1145, were used to tr ... | 2010 | 20138776 |
| foliar chlorosis in symbiotic host and nonhost plants induced by rhizobium tropici type b strains. | rhizobium tropici ciat899 induced chlorosis in the leaves of its symbiotic hosts, common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.), siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum urb.), and leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de wit. chlorosis induction by strains ciat899 and ct9005, an exopolysaccharide-deficient mutant of ciat899, required carbon substrate. when the bacteria were added at planting in a solution of mannitol (50 g/liter), as few as 10 cells of ciat899 were sufficient to induce chlorosis in bean plants. all ca ... | 1993 | 16348994 |
| isolation of insertion sequence isrldtal1145-1 from a rhizobium sp. (leucaena diversifolia) and distribution of homologous sequences identifying cross-inoculation group relationships. | insertion sequence (is) element isrldtal1145-1 from rhizobium sp. (leucaena diversifolia) strain tal 1145 was entrapped in the sacb gene of the positive selection vector pucd800 by insertional inactivation. a hybridization probe prepared from the whole 2.5-kb element was used to determine the distribution of homologous sequences in a diverse collection of 135 rhizobium and bradyrhizobium strains. the is probe hybridized strongly to southern blots of genomic dnas from 10 rhizobial strains that no ... | 1994 | 16349459 |
| characterization of rhizobia isolated from albizia spp. in comparison with microsymbionts of acacia spp. and leucaena leucocephala grown in china. | this is the first systematic study of rhizobia associated with albizia trees. the analyses of pcr-rflp and sequencing of 16s rrna genes, sds-page of whole-cell proteins and clustering of phenotypic characters grouped the 31 rhizobial strains isolated from albizia into eight putative species within the genera bradyrhizobium, mesorhizobium and rhizobium. among these eight rhizobial species, five were unique to albizia and the remaining three were shared with acacia and leucaena, two legume trees c ... | 2006 | 16406708 |
| down-regulation of lignin biosynthesis in transgenic leucaena leucocephala harboring o-methyltransferase gene. | in the present study, a 0.47 kb omt gene construct from aspen, encoding for an enzyme o-methyltransferase (omt, ec 2.1.1.6), in antisense orientation was used to down-regulate lignin biosynthesis in leucaena leucocephala. the plants were transformed with agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harboring the antisense gene, and the transformation was confirmed by pcr amplification of the npt ii gene. the integration of a heterologous antisense omt gene construct in transformed plants led to a maximum of ... | 2006 | 16739940 |
| exo-oligosaccharides of rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 are required for symbiosis with various legumes. | rhizobia are nitrogen-fixing bacteria that establish endosymbiotic associations with legumes. nodule formation depends on various bacterial carbohydrates, including lipopolysaccharides, k-antigens, and exopolysaccharides (eps). an acidic eps from rhizobium sp. strain ngr234 consists of glucosyl (glc), galactosyl (gal), glucuronosyl (glca), and 4,6-pyruvylated galactosyl (pvgal) residues with beta-1,3, beta-1,4, beta-1,6, alpha-1,3, and alpha-1,4 glycoside linkages. here we examined the role of n ... | 2006 | 16923883 |
| the alternative sigma factor rpoh2 is required for salt tolerance in sinorhizobium sp. strain bl3. | the objectives of this investigation were to isolate the rpoh2 gene encoding an alternative sigma factor from sinorhizobium sp. bl3 and to determine its role in exopolysaccharide (eps) synthesis, salt tolerance and symbiosis with phaseolus lathyroides. the rpoh2 gene of rhizobium sp. strain tal1145 is known to be required for eps synthesis and effective nodulation of leucaena leucocephala. three overlapping cosmid clones containing the rpoh2 gene of bl3 were isolated by complementing an rpoh2 mu ... | 2006 | 16934437 |
| rhizobium lusitanum sp. nov. a bacterium that nodulates phaseolus vulgaris. | the species phaseolus vulgaris is a promiscuous legume nodulated by several species of the family rhizobiaceae. during a study of rhizobia nodulating this legume in portugal, we isolated several strains that nodulate p. vulgaris effectively and also macroptilium atropurpureum and leucaena leucocephala, but they form ineffective nodules in medicago sativa. according to phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence, the strains from this study belong to the genus rhizobium, with rhizobium rh ... | 2006 | 17082403 |
| symbiosis-induced cascade regulation of the mesorhizobium loti r7a virb/d4 type iv secretion system. | the mesorhizobium loti r7a symbiosis island contains genes encoding a virb/d4 type iv secretion system (t4ss) similar to that of agrobacterium tumefaciens. this system has host-dependent effects on symbiosis that probably are due to translocation of two effector proteins, msi059 and msi061, into host cells. here we report that, as in a. tumefaciens, the m. loti vir genes are transcriptionally regulated by a vira/virg two-component regulatory system. a virgn54d mutant gene of m. loti caused const ... | 2007 | 17378428 |
| the pyda-pydb fusion gene produces an active dioxygenase-hydrolase that degrades 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone, an intermediate of mimosine metabolism. | the objective of this research was to construct a pyda-pydb hybrid gene that encodes a functional dioxygenase-hydrolase (pyda-pydb) fusion protein for degradation of 3-hydroxy-4-pyridone (hp). hp is an intermediate in both synthesis and degradation of mimosine, a toxic amino acid produced by the tree legume leucaena leucocephala. computer-generated models of the fusion proteins suggested that joining of pyda and pydb with 0, 3, or 7 glycine residues as a linker should produce a functional pyda-p ... | 2007 | 17390132 |
| mesorhizobium albiziae sp. nov., a novel bacterium that nodulates albizia kalkora in a subtropical region of china. | a novel mesorhizobium group associated with albizia kalkora [wang et al. (2006), syst appl microbiol 29, 502-517] was further characterized. the seven strains in this group showed similar protein patterns and were different from defined mesorhizobium species in sds-page of whole-cell proteins. the representative strain ccbau 61158(t) formed a novel mesorhizobium lineage in phylogenetic analyses of 16s rrna, atpd, glnii and nifh genes. however, its nodc gene sequence was more similar to that of r ... | 2007 | 17551028 |