| multiple-copy integration of the alpha-galactosidase gene from cyamopsis tetragonoloba into the ribosomal dna of kluyveromyces lactis. | we have developed a vector system for high-copy-number integration into the ribosomal dna of the yeast kluyveromyces lactis. this system is analogous to the pmiry-system developed for saccharomyces cerevisiae. plasmids containing a portion of k. lactis rdna for targeted homologous recombination, as well as the s. cerevisiae trp1 gene with various promoter deletions, were constructed and, after transformation to k. lactis, analyzed for both copy number and stability. these plasmids were found to ... | 1992 | 1326415 |
| formazans and tetrazolium salts as potential antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents. | fifteen 1-aryl-3-(3'-nitro-4'-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl formazans and five 3-aryl-5-(3'-nitro-4'-methoxy phenyl)-2-phenyl tetrazolium bromides have been tested against escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa for their antibacterial and against aspergillus flavus and helminthosporium gramineum for their antifungal activities. most of the compounds have shown promising antibacterial and antifungal action. these compounds were also found to exhibit significant antiviral activity against sunnhemp ... | 1982 | 6817539 |
| nucleotide sequence of alpha-galactosidase cdna from mortierella vinacea. | to analyze the primary structure of mortierella vinacea alpha-galactosidase, a cdna library of m. vinacea mrna in lambda gt10 was constructed. a clone, which has an insert size of about 1.4 kilobase pairs, was found to contain the coding region of the mature enzyme. the deduced amino acid sequence share that the mature enzyme consisted of 397 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 44,350 da. the sequence identity of the mature enzyme with alpha-galactosidases from saccharomyces carlsbergen ... | 1995 | 7670198 |
| expression of an alpha-galactosidase gene under control of the homologous inulinase promoter in kluyveromyces marxianus. | for expression of the alpha-galactosidase gene from cyamopsis tetragonoloba in kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 6556 we have used the promoter of the homologous inulinase-encoding gene (inu1). the inu1 gene has been cloned and sequenced and the coding region shows an identity of 59% with the saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase gene (suc2). in the 5'-flanking region of inu1 we found a sequence (taaatccgggg) that perfectly matches to the mig1 binding consensus sequence (wwwwtsygggg) of the s. cerevisiae ... | 1993 | 7764385 |
| analysis of heterologous protein production in defined recombinant aspergillus awamori strains. | a study was carried out to obtain more insight into the parameters that determine the secretion of heterologous proteins from filamentous fungi. a strategy was chosen in which the mrna levels and protein levels of a number of heterologous genes of different origins were compared. all genes were under control of the aspergillus awamori 1,4-beta-endoxylanase a (exla) expression signals and were integrated in a single copy at the a. awamori pyrg locus. a northern (rna) analysis showed that large di ... | 1996 | 8787393 |
| severe contact urticaria to guar gum included as gelling agent in a local anaesthetic. | we report the first case of a life-threatening immediate-type hypersensitivity caused by dynexan, a local anaesthetic gel. after mucosal application by his dentist, a 63-year-old man rapidly developed urticaria, dyspnea and, at last, he collapsed and remained unconscious for 2 hr despite emergency care. while the standard prick tests were negative to all local anaesthetics tested including lidocaine, a 1-fold positive reaction was detected to meyprogat 60, an ingredient of dynexan. as the gellin ... | 2005 | 15932579 |
| potential of crops uncommon to alabama for management of root-knot and soybean cyst nematodes. | vigna unguiculata, cassia fasiculata, and sesamum indicum did not support meloidogyne arenaria, m. incognita, or heterodera glycines race 4 in greenhouse studies with soils from peanut and soybean fields. fagopyron eseulentum, cyamopsis tetragonoloba, and cucurbita pepo were hosts to the two meloidogyne spp. but were nonhosts to h. glycines. meloidogyne arenaria and m. incognita galled but reproduced poorly in the roots of three types of amaranthus cruentus, and low densities of these two meloid ... | 1988 | 19290317 |
| Developing a sustainable phytomanagement strategy for excessive selenium in western United States and India. | Phytomanagement technology is recognized as an inexpensive and environmental friendly strategy for managing natural-occurring selenium (Se) in soils and in poor quality waters. Multi-year field and greenhouse studies were conducted with different plant species in California, USA and Punjab, India under high Se growing conditions. Some of the plant species included; canola (Brassica napus), mustard (B. juncea), broccoli (B. oleracea), spearmint (Mentha viridis), sugarcane (Saccharum officcinarum) ... | 2011 | 22046761 |
| ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, and antiviral activity of escherichia coli-expressed bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1. | a full-length cdna encoding ribosome-inactivating/antiviral protein from the leaves of bougainvillea xbuttiana was recently isolated. the coding region of cdna was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, and the protein product was designated as bbap1 (bougainvillea xbuttiana antiviral protein 1). bbap1 showed ribonuclease activity against torula yeast rna. it also exhibited depurination activity against supercoiled pbluescript sk+ plasmid dna in a concentration dependent manner, and was found ... | 2008 | 18393761 |
| epr as an analytical tool in assessing the mineral nutrients and irradiated food products-vegetables. | epr spectral investigations of some commonly available vegetables in south india, which are of global importance like daucus carota (carrot), cyamopsis tetragonoloba (cluster beans), coccinia indica (little gourd) and beta vulgaris (beet root) have been carried out. in all the vegetable samples a free radical corresponding to cellulose radical is observed. almost all the samples under investigation exhibit mn ions in different oxidation states. the temperature variation epr studies are done and ... | 2008 | 18372211 |
| intercropping for management of insect pests of castor, ricinus communis, in the semi-arid tropics of india. | intercropping is one of the important cultural practices in pest management and is based on the principle of reducing insect pests by increasing the diversity of an ecosystem. on-farm experiments were conducted in villages of semi-arid tropical (sat) india to identify the appropriate combination of castor (ricinus communis l.) (malpighiales: euphorbiaceae) and intercropping in relation to pest incidence. the diversity created by introducing cluster bean, cowpea, black gram, or groundnut as inter ... | 2012 | 22934569 |
| [new conjugates of antitumor antibiotic doxorubicin with water-soluble galactomannan: synthesis and biological activity]. | new water-soluble conjugates in the form of schiff bases (dgm-1 and dgm-2) were prepared by the interaction of water-soluble periodate-oxidized galactomannan with doxorubicin or n-(l-lysyl)doxorubicin, respectively. the water-soluble galactomannan (davanat a commercial product of pro-pharmaceuticals company) was obtained by partial acidic hydrolysis of high-molecular-mass galactomannan from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar gum) seeds. the conjugate stability was studied in aqueous solutions. the dg ... | 2007 | 17375669 |
| an antiviral protein having deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease activity from leaves of the post-flowering stage of celosia cristata. | an antiviral protein named ccp-27 was purified from the leaves of celosia cristata at the post-flowering stage by anion-exchange, cation-exchange, and gel-filtration chromatography. it exhibited resistance against sunnhemp rosette virus in its test host cyamopsis tetragonoloba. it also exhibited deoxyribonuclease activity against supercoiled pbluescript sk+ plasmid dna. it was found to nick supercoiled dna into nicked circular form at lower protein concentration followed by nicked to linear form ... | 2006 | 16487067 |
| effect of aqueous extract of cyamopsis tetragonoloba linn. beans on blood glucose level in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. | effect of feeding orally the aqueous extract of beans of cyamopsis tetragonoloba was investigated on fasting blood glucose levels in glucose loaded, normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and compared with gliclazide, a reference drug. the aqueous extract of beans at 250 mg/kg body wt significantly lowered blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced diabetic rats within 3 hr of administration. continued administration of the extract at the same dose daily for 10 days produced statistically signifi ... | 2004 | 15623233 |
| genetic immobilization of proteins on the yeast cell surface. | a genetic system has been exploited to immobilize proteins in their active and functional forms on the cell surface of yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. dnas encoding proteins with a secretion signal peptide were fused with the genes encoding yeast agglutinins, a- and alpha-type proteins involved in mating. the fusion gene was introduced into s. cerevisiae and expressed under the control of several promoters. appearance of the fused proteins expressed on the cell surface was demonstrated biochemi ... | 2000 | 14538113 |
| a systemic resistance inducing antiviral protein with n-glycosidase activity from bougainvillea xbuttiana leaves. | an antiviral protein from bougainvillea xbuttiana leaves induced systemic resistance in host plants n. glutinosa and cyamopsis tetragonoloba against tmv and srv, respectively which was reversed by actinomycin d, when applied immediately or shortly after antiviral protein treatment. when the inhibitor was applied to the host plant leaves post inoculation, it was effective if applied upto 4 h after virus infection. it also delayed the expression of symptoms in systemic hosts of tmv. the inhibitor ... | 2001 | 12562026 |
| purification and properties of antiviral proteins from the leaves of bougainvillea xbuttiana. | a non-phytotoxic, resistance inducing, proteinaceous antiviral principle was purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration from the leaves of bougainvillea xbuttiana. it imparted resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and sunnhemp rosette virus (srv) in their respective test hosts viz. nicotiana glutinosa, n. tabacum var. samsun nn, and cyamopsis tetragonoloba, respectively. the purified principle eluted as a single peak upon gel filtration, b ... | 2001 | 11886084 |
| guar gum effects on food intake, blood serum lipids and glucose levels of wistar rats. | the effects of guar gum derived from the endosperm of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (75% soluble fiber, 7.6% insoluble fiber, 2.16% crude protein, 0.78% total lipids, 0.54% ash and 9.55% moisture) on food intake, levels of blood serum cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose and ldl and hdl-cholesterol were studied. the effects of guar gum on indices of protein absorption and utilization were also investigated. diets containing 0%, 10% and 20% (w/w) guar gum or 10% and 20% cellulose powder (reference) w ... | 1998 | 10890754 |
| comparison of cell wall proteins of saccharomyces cerevisiae as anchors for cell surface expression of heterologous proteins. | the carboxyl-terminal regions of five cell wall proteins (cwp1p, cwp2p, ag alpha 1p, tip1p, and flo1p) and three potential cell wall proteins (sed1p, ycr89w, and tir1p) all proved capable of immobilizing alpha-galactosidase in the cell wall of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the fraction of the total amount of fusion protein that was localized to the cell wall varied depending on the anchor domain used. the highest proportion of cell wall incorporation was achieved with cwp2p, ag alpha 1p, or sed1p as ... | 1997 | 9023939 |
| effect of a pmr 1 disruption and different signal sequences on the intracellular processing and secretion of cyamopsis tetragonoloba alpha-galactosidase by saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we fused the yeast-derived sequences encoding the invertase, acid phosphatase and alpha-factor pre- and prepro-signal peptides (sp) to the cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar plant) alpha-galactosidase(alpha gal)-encoding gene and expressed these gene fusions in yeast. whereas the amount of fusion protein produced by each of the constructs did not vary significantly, the secretion efficiency of the fusion protein that carried the sp of the prepro-alpha-factor (mf alpha 1) was consistently found to be ... | 1993 | 8385051 |
| rna-seq of guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba, l. taub.) leaves: de novo transcriptome assembly, functional annotation and development of genomic resources. | genetic improvement in industrially important guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba, l. taub.) crop has been hindered due to the lack of sufficient genomic or transcriptomic resources. in this study, rna-seq technology was employed to characterize the transcriptome of leaf tissues from two guar varieties, namely, m-83 and rgc-1066. approximately 30 million high-quality pair-end reads of each variety generated by illumina hiseq platform were used for de novo assembly by trinity program. a total of 62,146 ... | 2017 | 28210265 |
| functional vegetable guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l. taub.) accessions for improving flavonoid concentrations in immature pods. | dry guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l. taub) seeds are primarily used to extract galactomannan gum for oil fracking, however, the immature pods are used as a vegetable in india and sold in ethnic grocery stores in the atlanta, georgia area. nineteen guar genotypes were grown in the field at griffin, ga, usa for two years (2010-2011). since the determination of flavonoid concentration would add value to the guar accessions for use as a functional food vegetable, immature guar pods were evaluated fo ... | 2017 | 27486053 |
| effect of tender cluster bean pods (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on cholesterol levels in rats. | tender cluster bean pod (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) is a vegetable commonly consumed in south india and contains 20% of guar gum on dry weight basis. effects of incorporating this vegetable into a hypercholesterolemic diet of rats were studied. all test materials--cluster bean 0.5 and 2.5% levels, commercial guar gum (0.5%), cluster bean partially free from guar gum (1.6%), neutral detergent fiber of cluster bean (0.6%)--exerted a hypocholesterolemic effect and also lowered liver cholesterol conce ... | 1983 | 6308997 |
| immunodiffusion analysis of isolates of xanthomonas cyamopsidis. | immunodiffusion analysis of intact, sonically treated, and sonically treated and heat-treated cell antigen preparations of isolates of races 0 and 1 of xanthomonas cyamopsidis of guar, cyamopsis tetragonoloba, indicated that these races differ from one another antigenically. the differentiating precipitin reactions are believed to have been brought about by specific heat-stable surface antigens, possibly similar to lipopolysaccaride somatic antigens of other slime-producing xanthomonads. because ... | 1971 | 5002141 |
| hypoglycaemic and hypolipaemic effects of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) in normal and diabetic guinea pigs. | information available in literature is contradictory regarding the glycaemic and cholesterolaemic activities of various legume proteins. present work deals with the study of the effect of 'guar' feeding on serum total lipids, free and esterified cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids. normal and alloxan induced diabetic guinea pigs were kept on the whole seed diet of 'guar' for four weeks. blood sugar and total lipid levels were found to be decreased significantly in normal and as well as ... | 1987 | 3666887 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the alpha-galactosidase cdna from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar). | polyadenylated mrna was purified from the aleurone cells of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) seeds germinated for 18 h and used for the construction of a cdna library. clones with the alpha-galactosidase encoding gene were identified using oligo-nucleotide mixed probes based on the nh2 terminal amino acid sequence and on the sequence of an internal peptide. the nucleotide sequence of the cdna clone showed that the enzyme is synthesized as a precursor with a 47 amino acid nh2 terminal extension. th ... | 1989 | 2577496 |
| secretion of the alpha-galactosidase from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) by bacillus subtilis. | a fusion of dna sequences encoding the spo2 promoter, the alpha-amylase signal sequence from bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and the mature part of the alpha-galactosidase from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) was constructed on a bacillus subtilis multicopy vector. bacillus cells of the protease-deficient strain db104 harboring this vector produced and secreted the plant enzyme alpha-galactosidase up to levels of 1,700 u/liter. a growth medium suppressing the residual proteolytic activity of strain d ... | 1990 | 2160224 |
| expression of the alpha-galactosidase from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) by hansenula polymorpha. | the methylotrophic yeast hansenula polymorpha, a host organism for the production of heterologous proteins, has been applied to produce the alpha-galactosidase from the plant cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar). the yeast/escherichia coli shuttle expression vector used is based on the origin of replication of the endogenous 2 microns plasmid of saccharomyces cerevisiae and the leu2 gene of s. cerevisiae for selection in h. polymorpha. in the expression vector, the alpha-galactosidase is controlled by ... | 1991 | 1654681 |
| guar gum: processing, properties and food applications-a review. | guar gum is a novel agrochemical processed from endosperm of cluster bean. it is largely used in the form of guar gum powder as an additive in food, pharmaceuticals, paper, textile, explosive, oil well drilling and cosmetics industry. industrial applications of guar gum are possible because of its ability to form hydrogen bonding with water molecule. thus, it is chiefly used as thickener and stabilizer. it is also beneficial in the control of many health problems like diabetes, bowel movements, ... | 2014 | 24587515 |
| variability in structural carbohydrates and in vitro digestibility of forages. 3. guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). | thirteen genotypes of guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) were compared with the local variety for structural carbohydrates and in vitro digestibility. neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, and acid insoluble ash varied 31.2 to 44.4, 26.1 to 37.4, 6.8 to 11.1, and .30 to 1.11%. cellulose varied from 16.6 to 28.1% whereas hemicellulose content ranged between 3.6 and 9.2%. in vitro digestibility of dry matter ranged between 62.8 to 71.2% variation in protein, mineral matter, and percen ... | 1975 | 171291 |
| preparation of guar gum scaffold film grafted with ethylenediamine and fish scale collagen, cross-linked with ceftazidime for wound healing application. | present study describes the synthesis of carboxymethyl guar gum (cmgg) from the native guar gum (gg) and the prepared cmgg is grafted with ethylenediamine (eda) to form aminated cmgg. then, fish scale collagen and aminated cmgg are cross-linked by ceftazidime drug through non- covalent ionic interaction. the resultant cross-linked film is subjected to the analysis of (1)hnmr, atr-ftir, tga, sem and xrd. the tnbs results revealed that 45% of interaction between eda and cmgg and 90-95% of ceftazid ... | 2016 | 27561530 |
| anti-cholelithogenic effect of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice. | providing a lithogenic diet that contains 0.5% cholesterol to experimental mice for 10 weeks resulted in cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile, which induced the formation of cholesterol gallstones. in this study, to evaluate the anti-cholelithogenic potential of dietary tender cluster bean, a freeze-dried powder of the test legume was included in the lithogenic diet at 5%, 10%, and 15%. dietary cluster beans reduced the cholesterol gallstone incidence by 43%, 46%, and 58% at the respe ... | 2014 | 24476470 |
| a virus inhibitory protein isolated from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. upon induction of systemic antiviral resistance shares partial amino acid sequence homology with a lectin. | two virus inhibitory proteins were purified from cyamopsis tetragonoloba , induced to resist virus infections by cip-29, a systemic resistance inducing protein from clerodendrum inerme, and characterized. one of them shared homology with a lectin. cip-29, a known 29 kda systemic antiviral resistance inducing protein isolated from clerodendrum inerme, has been used to induce systemic resistance in cyamopsis tetragonoloba against sunn-hemp rosette virus (srv). paper reports the detection of virus ... | 2014 | 24828329 |
| protective effect of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in the gastrointestinal tract of experimental rats. | in this study, the gastrointestinal protective effect of soluble, dietary fiber-rich tender cluster beans, with respect to the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of antioxidant molecules, was examined in wistar rats. dietary intervention with tender cluster beans (15% freeze-dried powder in the diet for 8 weeks) significantly enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-s-transferase, and gpx) and the conc ... | 2013 | 23438228 |
| safety assessment and caloric value of partially hydrolyzed guar gum. | guar gum and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (phgg) are food ingredients that have been available for many years. phgg is the partially hydrolyzed product from guar gum obtained from the indian cluster bean (cyanopsis tetragonolopus). the gum (cas registry no. 9000-30-0) is composed of galactomannan, a gel-forming polysaccharide with a molecular weight ranging from 200 to 300 kda. the intact and partially hydrolyzed forms have multiple food applications. the intact material can be used to control ... | 2013 | 23347282 |
| isolation and characterization of mutants of pseudomonas maltophila pm-4 altered in chitinolytic activity and antagonistic activity against root rot pathogens of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). | pseudomonas maltophila pm-4, an antagonist of pathogenic fungi including rhizoctonia bataticola, r. solani, fusarium oxysporum and sclerotinia sclerotiorum associated with root rot of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) was mutagenized with tn5. hyperchitinase producing mutants showing large zone of colloidal chitin dissolution were identified on medium containing calcoflor dye as an indicator. a mutant p-48 producing 137% higher chitinase activity than the parent strain pm-4 was identified. s ... | 2007 | 23100642 |
| detection of double stranded rna in phytopathogenic macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot in cyamopsis tetragonoloba. | one hundred one isolates of macrophomina phaseolina from various hosts and eco-geographical locations were employed for elucidating relationships among genetic diversity and virulence. highly pathogenic, moderately pathogenic, and hypovirulent cluster bean specific isolates were identified. in order to correlate respective phenotypes of plant pathogenic fungus multiple and complex patterns of dsrna elements were analyzed. double-stranded ribonucleic acids (dsrna) are ubiquitous in all major grou ... | 2011 | 21695431 |
| nutritional evaluation by rat feeding of preparations from guar seed (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) including supplementation with lysine and methionine. | | 1969 | 21428369 |
| identification and molecular characterization of begomovirus and associated satellite dna molecules infecting cyamopsis tetragonoloba. | monopartite begomoviruses comprise dna-a as the main genome and associated satellite dnas. viral dna extracted from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) showing leaf curl symptoms exhibited positive amplification of coat protein (cp) gene of dna-a component, suggesting the presence of begomovirus. full length dna-a was amplified by primer pair re-designed from cp gene nucleotide sequence. the associated alphasatellite and betasatellite dna molecules were amplified and sequenced, confirming the presenc ... | 2010 | 20405195 |
| possible mechanism of action of antiviral proteins from the leaves of chenopodium album l. | antiviral proteins (avps) named cap-i and cap-ii purified from the leaves of chenopodium album cv pusa bathua-1 induced systemic resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) and sunnhemp rosette virus (srv) in both hypersensitive as well as systemic hosts. an increased accumulation of two polypeptides (approximately 17 kda and approximately 26 kda) was observed in untreated upper leaves of cyamopsis tetragonoloba plants whose basal leaves were treated with cap-i/cap-ii. both avps exhibited ribo ... | 2004 | 22896905 |
| potentiation of anti-cholelithogenic influence of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) by garlic (allium sativum) in experimental mice. | dietary fibre-rich tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba; cb) are known to exert beneficial cholesterol lowering influence. we examined the influence of a combination of dietary tender cb and garlic (allium sativum) in reducing the cholesterol gallstone formation in mice. | 2015 | 26609039 |
| molecular assessment of genetic diversity in cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) genotypes. | | 2010 | 20861578 |
| [anticoagulant activity of low-molecular-weight sulfated derivatives of galactomannan from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) seeds]. | galactomannan from seeds of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. (guar) was depolymerized using immobilized enzymatic preparation celloviridin. a set of fragments whose molecular weights varied from 12.6 to 245.6 kda was obtained. sulfated derivatives of components of all fractions were synthesized, in which the content of hso3(-) groups was 48.05% +/- 2.31. all preparations exhibited anticoagulant activity, which was recorded in vitro in two tests--aiia and axa. the antithrombin activity (aiia) w ... | 2008 | 18491607 |
| metabolic and genetic perturbations accompany the modification of galactomannan in seeds of medicago truncatula expressing mannan synthase from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.). | galactomannan gums are widely used in the food and oil industries, and there is considerable interest in applying biotechnological approaches to improve their physical properties. a mannan synthase from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) was expressed under the control of a bean beta-phaseolin promoter in transgenic medicago truncatula. although the expression of exogenous mannan synthase caused a slight decrease in galactomannan levels in medicago, the molecular weight and viscosity of the polymer ... | 2008 | 18433421 |
| influence of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on biliary proteins, bile acid synthesis and cholesterol crystal growth in rat bile. | tender cluster beans (cbs; cyamopsis tetragonoloba) are observed to possess anti-lithogenic potential in experimental mice. formation of cholesterol gallstones in gallbladder is controlled by procrystallizing and anticrystallizing factors present in bile in addition to supersaturation of cholesterol. this study aimed at evaluating the influence of cb on biliary glycoproteins, low molecular weight (lmw) and high molecular weight (hmw) proteins, cholesterol nucleation time, and cholesterol crystal ... | 2015 | 25534812 |
| cluster bean-a ureide- or amide-producing legume? | xylem sap of cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l. cv fs-277) and pigeonpea (cajanus cajan cv upas-120) were analyzed for total nitrogen, amide nitrogen, and ureide nitrogen at flowering stage. nitrogenase, uricase, and allantoinase were compared in nodules of cluster bean and pigeonpea. xylem sap of cluster bean exhibited higher amounts of amides as compared to ureides, and the activities of uricase and allantoinase (ureide-producing enzymes) in nodules were also low, whereas the reverse was ... | 1982 | 16662600 |
| influence of lead in soil on mycorrhizal development and plant growth of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (linn.) taub. | growth of c. tetragonoloba suffered with increase in concentration of pb in soil. plant biomass declined significantly at concentrations above 60 ppm of pb. roots showed more pronounced impact as compared to shoots. at highest applied concentration of lead (100 ppm), fresh weight of fruits decreased by 33% and dry weight by 52% as compared to control. no significant impact was noticed on the development of mycorrhiza at lower concentrations (15-45 ppm) of lead contamination. at higher concentrat ... | 2001 | 11510130 |
| potentiation of antioxidant effect of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) by garlic (allium sativum) in high-cholesterol-fed rats. | the antioxidant role of tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba, cb), a rich source of soluble fibre, was investigated in a hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress situation in rats. in the context of dietary garlic (allium sativa) potentiating the hypocholesterolemic influence of cb, we also examined if dietary garlic enhances the antioxidant potential of cb. groups of wistar rats were rendered hypercholesterolemic by feeding them a 0.5% cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. dietary interve ... | 2013 | 24144053 |
| effect of feeding different proportions of groundnut haulms (arachis hypogaea) and cluster bean straw (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on nutrient utilisation and serum biochemical parameters in dromedary camels. | the effect of feeding different proportions of groundnut haulms (arachis hypogaea) and cluster bean straw (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, nutrient intake and serum biochemical parameters was studied using nine male dromedary camels of bikaneri breeds (637.5 kg average body weight; 8-9 years of age). groundnut haulms (gnh) and cluster bean straw (cbs) were fed in one of three ratios, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 in treatments t(1), t(2) and t(3), respectively. in a ... | 2012 | 22476733 |
| impact of filter mud applications on the germination of sugarcane and small-seeded plants and on soil and sugarcane nitrogen contents. | the impact of filter mud (fm) on the germination of sugarcane (saccharum spp.), guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba), maize (zea mays), groundnut (arachis hypogaea) and sesame (sesamum indicum), and the nitrogen content of soil and sugarcane were investigated. experiments were set up in 2004 at the kenana sugarcane estate, sudan. for this study, 1:0,3:1,1:1,1:3 and 0:1 fm/soil (w/w) mixtures were used. the results showed that fm had no adverse impact on germination. soil organic carbon and total nitro ... | 2008 | 17945488 |
| galactomannan: a versatile biodegradable seed polysaccharide. | polysaccharides have been finding, in the last decades, very interesting and useful applications in the biomedical and, specifically, in the biopharmaceutical field. galactomannans are a group of storage polysaccharides from various plant seeds that reserve energy for germination in the endosperm. there are four major sources of seed galactomannans: locust bean (ceratonia siliqua), guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba), tara (caesalpinia spinosa kuntze), and fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.). th ... | 2013 | 23707734 |
| identification of two additives, locust bean gum (e-410) and guar gum (e-412), in food products by dna-based methods. | locust bean gum (e-410) and guar gum (e-412) are high molecular weight galactomannans used by the food industry as versatile food additives. the compounds, although chemically closely related, do not have the same functional properties when used in foods, and the substitution or unadvertised addition of either could change the desired qualities of the product. analytical discrimination between e-410 and e-412 is technically difficult since they only differ in their galactose: mannose ratios, bei ... | 2004 | 15370834 |
| characterization and expression analysis of genes directing galactomannan synthesis in coffee. | galactomannans act as storage reserves for the seeds in some plants, such as guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and coffee (coffea arabica and coffea canephora). in coffee, the galactomannans can represent up to 25 % of the mass of the mature green coffee grain, and they exert a significant influence on the production of different types of coffee products. the objective of the current work was to isolate and characterize cdna encoding proteins responsible for galactomannan synthesis in coffee and to ... | 2008 | 18562467 |
| factor analysis in clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub). | the pattern of diversity in forty genotypes of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub) was analysed using the centroid method of factor analysis based on nine characters. three factors were found to adequately account for most of the intercorrelations in the four environments. branches, clusters, pods and seed yield/plant could be grouped as productivity factors; days to flowering, maturity and plant height as growth factors; seeds/pod and gum content as economic factor. interestingly, t ... | 1982 | 24270620 |
| lipids of guar seed meal (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l. taub). | | 2000 | 7309999 |
| asynapsis in cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub.). | asynapsis was noticed in a line g 150 of cluster-bean. in meiotic studies 14 univalents were observed at diakinesis and all subsequent meiotic stages were highly irregular. the asynaptic plants produced highly sterile pollen and there was very rare seed setting. the asynapsis was controlled by a single gene that was recessive to that for normal meiosis. | 1975 | 24420272 |
| effect of chlorophenoxyacetic acids on growth and activity of certain enzymes in cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub seedlings. | | 1973 | 4771364 |
| effect of growth retardants on the amino acid composition of germinating seedlings of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub (papilionaceae). | | 1971 | 5138003 |
| qualitative profile of degummed guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.) seeds grown in a mediterranean area for use as animal feed. | guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.) is an interesting summer legume multipurpose crop used for the extraction of seed gum, due to its galactomannan content, and the high-protein by-product, (germ and hull) used for animal feed. the aim of this study was to assess qualitative traits of degummed seeds, named guar meal, of six guar varieties from india, south africa and usa, grown in a mediterranean environment (sicily, southern italy), in order to explore their suitability for livestock, and compari ... | 2017 | 28262990 |
| guar gum as a promising starting material for diverse applications: a review. | guar gum is the powdered endosperm of the seeds of the cyamopsis tetragonolobus which is a leguminous crop. the endosperm contains a complex polysaccharide called galactomannan, which is a polymer of d-galactose and d-mannose. this hydroxyl group rich polymer when added to water forms hydrogen bonding imparting significant viscosity and thickening to the solution. due to its thickening, emulsifying, binding and gelling properties, quick solubility in cold water, wide ph stability, film forming a ... | 2016 | 27044346 |
| effect of dietary inclusion of toasted guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) meal as a source of protein on performance of white leghorn layers. | two experiments were conducted to study the effect of including toasted (120°c/35 min) guar meal (gm, cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in the diet on performance and egg shell quality of white leghorn (wl) layers. totals of 2376 and 2816 layer chickens (babcock, bv 300) were randomly distributed into 27 and 32 replicates with 88 birds each in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. three diets in experiment 1 (0, 50 and 100 g gm) and 4 diets in experiment 2 (0, 50, 100 and 150 g gm/kg) were prepared having s ... | 2015 | 26674393 |
| fabrication and fluorescent labeling of guar gum nanoparticles in a surfactant free aqueous environment. | guar gum (gg) is a galactomannan obtained from the seeds of cyamopsis tetragonoloba. gg polysaccharide is used in a range of technology arenas and its properties in water environment elicited a lot of interest. we report a simple acid hydrolysis technique to derive water dispersible spherical nanoparticles from gg for the first time without any stabilizing surfactant. the particles demonstrated colloidal stability and were observed to carry negative surface charges in aqueous environment. the te ... | 2015 | 25492017 |
| gallic acid attenuates high-fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced insulin resistance via partial agonism of pparγ in experimental type 2 diabetic rats and enhances glucose uptake through translocation and activation of glut4 in pi3k/p-akt signaling pathway. | in this study, the therapeutic efficacy of gallic acid from cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. (fabaceae) beans was examined against high-fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced experimental type 2 diabetic rats. molecular-dockings were done to determine the putative binding modes of gallic acid into the active sites of key insulin-signaling markers. gallic acid (20 mg/kg) given to high-fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced rats lowered body weight gain, fasting blood glucose and plasma insulin in dia ... | 2014 | 25445038 |
| effect of vermicast generated from an allelopathic weed lantana (lantana camara) on seed germination, plant growth, and yield of cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). | in perhaps the first-ever study of its kind, the effect of vermicompost, derived solely from an allelopathic weed, on the germination, growth, and yield of a botanical species, has been carried out. in test plots, the soil was treated with the vermicompost of lantana (lantana camara) at the rates of 5, 7.5, and 10 t ha(-1), and cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) was grown on it. the performance of these systems was compared with the systems in which the soil was fortified with inorganic fert ... | 2014 | 24946699 |
| effect of chromium(vi) toxicity on enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.). | heavy metals are the intrinsic component of the environment with both essential and nonessential types. their excessive levels pose a threat to plant growth and yield. also, some heavy metals are toxic to plants even at very low concentrations. the present investigation (a pot experiment) was conducted to determine the affects of varying chromium(vi) levels (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg chromium(vi) kg(-1) soil in the form of potassium dichromate) on the key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism in c ... | 2014 | 24744916 |
| self-healing guar gum and guar gum-multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite gels prepared in an ionic liquid. | guar gum is a galactomannan extracted from the seed of the leguminous shrub cyamopsis tetragonoloba. it was found to form a soft viscoelastic gel in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, an ionic liquid at an optimized concentration of 10%w/v. a nanocomposite gel of the gum with enhanced strength could be prepared with 0.2%w/v of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) in the ionic liquid. when the gels thus prepared were subjected to surface fractures or bisected completely, they found to self-he ... | 2013 | 23987443 |
| potentiation of hypolipidemic and weight-reducing influence of dietary tender cluster bean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) when combined with capsaicin in high-fat-fed rats. | soluble fiber-rich tender cluster bean pod (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) (cb) and a combination of cb and capsaicin, a thermogenic spice compound, were evaluated for weight-reducing effect in high-fat-fed wistar rats. freeze-dried cb and capsaicin were included at 15 and 0.015%, respectively, in the high-fat (30%) diet for 8 weeks. excretion of dietary fat, fat deposition in adipose, and activities of enzymes involved in lipolysis and lipogenesis were examined. cb and capsaicin additively decreased ... | 2012 | 22835261 |
| antihypercholesterolaemic influence of dietary tender cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in cholesterol fed rats. | cluster beans (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) are rich source of soluble fibre content and are known for their cholesterol lowering effect. the beneficial anti-hypercholesterolaemic effect of whole dietary cluster beans as a source of dietary fibre was evaluated in high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolaemia in experimental rats. | 2012 | 22561629 |
| re-alimentation strategy to manoeuvre body condition and carcass characteristics in cull ewes. | improvement in body condition and carcass traits through nutritional intervention was studied in cull ewes. sixty-eight adult non-productive malpura ewes (average body weight 26.7 ± 0.33 kg) were randomly divided into four equal groups: g0 maintained on free grazing for 8 h on protected natural rangeland with ad libitum guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) straw (gs) after grazing; g1, g2 and g3 fed with supplemental concentrate at the rate of 250 g, 2.5% of live weight (lw) and ad libitum, respective ... | 2012 | 22436155 |
| sesbania mosaic virus (semv) infectious clone: possible mechanism of 3' and 5' end repair and role of polyprotein processing in viral replication. | sesbania mosaic virus (semv) is a positive stranded rna virus belonging to the genus sobemovirus. construction of an infectious clone is an essential step for deciphering the virus gene functions in vivo. using agrobacterium based transient expression system we show that semv icdna is infectious on sesbania grandiflora and cyamopsis tetragonoloba plants. the efficiency of icdna infection was found to be significantly high on cyamopsis plants when compared to that on sesbania grandiflora. the coa ... | 2012 | 22355344 |
| photosynthetic response of clusterbean chloroplasts to uv-b radiation: energy imbalance and loss in redox homeostasis between q(a) and q(b) of photosystem ii. | the effects of ultraviolet-b (uv-b: 280-320 nm) radiation on the photosynthetic pigments, primary photochemical reactions of thylakoids and the rate of carbon assimilation (p(n)) in the cotyledons of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seedlings have been examined. the radiation induces an imbalance between the energy absorbed through the photophysical process of photosystem (ps) ii and the energy consumed for carbon assimilation. decline in the primary photochemistry of ps ii induced by uv-b ... | 2011 | 21683872 |
| characterization of the mannan synthase promoter from guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). | guar seed gum, consisting primarily of a high molecular weight galactomannan, is the most cost effective natural thickener, having broad applications in the food, cosmetics, paper, pharmaceutical and petroleum industries. the properties of the polymer can potentially be enhanced by genetic modification. development of suitable endosperm-specific promoters for use in guar is desirable for metabolic engineering of the seed gum. a ~1.6 kb guar mannan synthase (ms) promoter region has been isolated. ... | 2011 | 21249366 |
| analysis of cdna libraries from developing seeds of guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub). | guar, cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub, is a member of the leguminosae (fabaceae) family and is economically the most important of the four species in the genus. the endosperm of guar seed is a rich source of mucilage or gum, which forms a viscous gel in cold water, and is used as an emulsifier, thickener and stabilizer in a wide range of foods and industrial applications. guar gum is a galactomannan, consisting of a linear (1-->4)-beta-linked d-mannan backbone with single-unit, (1-->6)-linked, ... | 2007 | 18034910 |
| investigation of the endosperm-specific sucrose synthase promoter from rice using transient expression of reporter genes in guar seed tissue. | we report the investigation of an endosperm-specific promoter from the rsus3 gene from rice (oryza sativa). the promoter was characterized by deletion analysis and transient expression in guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba) seed-tissue. transient expression was monitored by histochemical gus assay, and quantitative dual reporter assays comprising firefly luciferase as a test reporter, and renilla luciferase and gus as reference reporters. these revealed high expression levels of the reporter genes di ... | 2006 | 16670901 |
| response of senescing cotyledons of clusterbean to water stress in moderate and low light: possible photoprotective role of beta-carotene. | senescence of clusterbean (cyamopsis tetragonoloba l.) cotyledons in moderate light (12 w m-2) brings about a loss in the pigments, enhanced lipid peroxidation and a decline in ps ii photochemical activity without any loss either in dl protein or in the level of beta-carotene. the senescence syndrome is aggravated in the cotyledons of water-stressed seedlings with an increase in thylakoid lipid peroxidation, a decline in the level of beta-carotene and a quantitative loss in the dl protein. loss ... | 2001 | 11319014 |
| inter-conversion of free sugars and accumulation of galactomannan in response to supplied metabolic mediators during pod filling in guar. | detached inflorescences of guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba), each bearing 4 uniformly-developing pods at 42 days post anthesis (dpa), were cultured for 6 days in complete liquid medium manipulated with a fixed concentration of mannose and varying concentration of myo-inositol. such inflorescences, but with 2 pods, were also maintained in the solutions of (i) glucose(u-14c) containing myo-inositol or phytohormones, and (ii) mannose(u-14c) containing galactose for 36 hr. effect of such exogenously s ... | 2000 | 11116530 |
| control of mannose/galactose ratio during galactomannan formation in developing legume seeds. | galactomannan deposition was investigated in developing endosperms of three leguminous species representative of taxonomic groups which have galactomannans with high, medium and low galactose content. these were fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.; mannose/galactose (man/gal) = 1.1), guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub.; man/gal = 1.6) and senna occidentalis (l.) link. (man/gal = 3.3), respectively. endosperms were analysed at different stages of seed development for galactomannan conten ... | 1992 | 24177968 |
| photosynthetic potential and accumulation of assimilates in the developing chloroembryos of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. | the photosynthetic potential of leaves and chloroembryos of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub as measured by (14)c-bicarbonate fixation, hill activity, and in vivo fluorescence transients is compared. on a chlorophyll basis, dark fixation of nah(14)co(3) in chloroembryos was 1.5 times higher than that of the leaf, whereas carbon fixation under illumination was threefold higher in the leaf than in the embryos. rates of o(2) evolution were four times more in embryo than in leaf chloroplasts. shadi ... | 1990 | 16667290 |
| biosynthesis of legume-seed galactomannans in vitro : cooperative interactions of a guanosine 5'-diphosphate-mannose-linked (1→4)-β-d-manno-syltransferase and a uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose-linked α-d-galactosyltransferase in particulate enzyme preparations from developing endosperms of fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.) and guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba [l.] taub.). | particulate enzyme preparations were isolated from developing fenugreek (trigonella foenum-graecum l.) and guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba [l.] taub.) seed endosperms during the period of galactomannan deposition in vivo. these preparations catalysed the formation of polysacharide products from guanosine 5'-diphosphate (gdp)-mannose, from uridine 5'-diphosphate (udp)-galactose and from mixtures of the two nucleotides. the products were analysed by solubility, by complete acid hydrolysis, and by se ... | 1989 | 24212548 |
| embryo formation in cell cultures of the legume cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar). | seedling tissues of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar) were cultured on various media to produce calli. these calli sometimes produced organs spontaneously; organogenesis was not controllable on any medium tried. several calli were transferred to liquid shake cultures to form suspensions. one of these, along with one of the callus cultures, spontaneously turned embryogenic, producing large numbers of somatic embryoids. the embryoids could be removed and germinated on any of several media to plantlet ... | 1984 | 23195612 |
| a novel combination of plant growth regulators for in vitro regeneration of complete plantlets of guar [cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub]. | a novel combination of plant growth regulators comprising indole-3-butyric acid (iba), 6-benzylaminopurine (ba) and gibberellic acid (ga3) in murashige and skoog basal medium has been formulated for in vitro induction of both shoot and root in one culture using cotyledonary node explants of guar, (cyamopsis tetragonoloba). highest percentages of shoot (92%) and root (80%) induction were obtained in the medium containing (mg/l) 2 iba, 3 ba and 1 ga3. shoot regeneration from the cotyledonary node ... | 2013 | 24579378 |
| polyphenols-rich cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. beans show hypoglycemic and β-cells protective effects in type 2 diabetic rats. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (l.) taub. (fabaceae) beans in high-fat diet (hfd) fed-streptozotocin (stz)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. dose dependent response of oral treatment of c. tetragonoloba beans' methanol extract (ctme) (200 and 400mg/kg b wt.) was assessed by measuring fasting blood glucose, changes in body weight, plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (homa-ir), total cholesterol, triglycerides, ... | 2014 | 24525096 |