| additional precipitation reactions of lectins with human serum glycoproteins. | highly purified human serum glycoproteins were treated with neuraminidase and examined for their cross reaction with several lectins with anti-galactosyl specificity: beta-d-galactosyl structures are thought to be the main terminal sugar residues that become attached de novo after removal of neuraminic acid. the following lectins were tested: tridacnin from the bivalve clams tridacna maxima and tridacna gigas, the agglutinin from the sponge axinella polypoides, the lectin from the roach rutilus ... | 1978 | 564939 |
| isolation of antitumor proteins abrin-a and abrin-b from abrus precatorius. | two toxic proteins were purified from the seeds of abrus precatorius by deae-a 50 and sepharose 4b chromatography. one of them does not bind on the sepharose 4b column (abrin-b) and the other (abrin-a) is eluted with 0.2 m galactose. the amino acid compositions and tryptic maps of these two proteins were similar, but not identical. the molecular weights estimated by sds-gel electrophoresis were 67,000 for abrin-b as compared with 65,000 for abrin-a. in the presence of mercaptoethanol, both abrin ... | 1978 | 744690 |
| oral toxoicology of abrus precatorius linn. | | 1976 | 814336 |
| isolation of the membrane glycoproteins of human blood platelets by lectin affinity chromatography. | the major platelet membrane glycoproteins have been solubilized in 1.0% sodium deoxycholate and subjected to affinity chromatography on the lectins from lens culinaris, wheat germ and abrus precatorius. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence of a reducing agent together with the differential binding of the lectins to the glycoproteins permitted the distinction of at least seven separate glycoprotein entities. a new nomenclature for the glycoproteins is proposed to accomod ... | 1977 | 836823 |
| [precipitation of human serum-glycoproteins by extracts of abrus precatorius seeds (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 840930 |
| antifertility activity of three indigenous plant preparations. | the antifertility effects of preparations of lajjal (a blend of piper longum, arsenii trisulphidium, jawari mastaki, and borax), avrodhak (lawsonia inermis), and kalyani (abrus precatorius) were studied in pregnant rate. avrodhak, in a daily dose of either 3, 30, or 300 mg, showed a 40-60% inhibition of pregnancy. the other preparations were without effect. the infertility produced by the powdered leaves of lawsonia inermis appeared to be permanent. | 1977 | 840932 |
| elevation of enzyme levels in serum due to abrus precatorius (jequirity bean) poisoning. | | 1977 | 906040 |
| different glycosubstances and galactans in the albumin gland and eggs of achatina fulica. | in saline extracts from the eggs and the albumin gland of the snail achatina fulica 3 different forms of glycosubstances have been found by using heterophile precipitins from different sources: 1. an alkali-stable galactan reacting with the anti-galactans from axinella polypoides sponge and from the clam tridacna maxima (tridacnin) and with concanavalin a. 2. another glycosubstance giving cross-reactions with a second precipitin from axinella polypoides, with the lectin from ricinus communis, wi ... | 1976 | 1034378 |
| abrin and hurin: two new lymphocyte mitogens. | two plant proteins, abrin from the seed of abrus precatorius and hurin from the seed of hura crepitans, are potent lymphocyte mitogens. the extent of stimulation of balb/c and cba strain mouse spleens by these factors is significantly greater than that attained with pha or pwm and requires thymus-derived lymphocytes. abrin has been purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, physically characterized, and may undergo conversion from a toxic to mitogenic form. hurin is the best mitogen we have tested ... | 1975 | 1122556 |
| purification, properties, and crystallographic data for a principal nontoxic lectin from seeds of abrus precatorius. | nontoxic abrus lectin has been prepared by a new purification procedure. the method is accomplished by 45% saturation ammonium sulfate fractionation from a 5% acetic acid extract of the seeds of abrus precatorius followed by diethylaminoethyl-sephadex a-50 and sepharose 4b affinity chromatography. the abrus lectin appeared homogeneous as judged by electrophoresis, analytical ultracentrifugation, and isoelectric focusing. the lectin molecule has a weight of 126,000 as determined by sedimentation ... | 1975 | 1170170 |
| expression of glycoconjugates in the human fetal cochlea. | the distribution of glycoconjugates in the human fetal cochlea was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins: wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i), ricinus communis agglutinin 120 (rca120), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), concanavalin a (cona). the tectorial membrane (tm) in the 11- and 15-week-old human fetuses was labelled with wga, apa, rca120 and cona, but not with uea-i and hpa. in the 19-week-old fetuses, the reaction of the tm ... | 1992 | 1442009 |
| toxicological interactions of abrus precatorius and cassia senna in the diet of lohmann broiler chicks. | the combination of 0.5% abrus precatorius seed and 2% cassia senna fruit in the diet of lohmann broiler chicks caused severe lesions, reduced weight gain, inefficient feed utilization and anemia. organ lesions correlated with changes in clinical chemistry and hematology. tissue recovery was not complete 2 w following withdrawal of the test diet. feeding 0.5% abrus or 2% senna diets alone produced decreased growth and tissue lesions that did not return to normal 2 w following return to normal rat ... | 1992 | 1509690 |
| histochemical localization of glycoconjugates in the developing endolymphatic sac and vestibular end organs of the mouse. | the distribution of glycoconjugates in the endolymphatic sac (es) and vestibular end organs from the 12th gestational day (gd) in the developing mouse to the 6th day after birth was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins: wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i), ricinus communis agglutinin 120 (rca120), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), concanavalin a (cona). in the 13th and 15th gd sections, the luminal contents in the fetal es were st ... | 1992 | 1518658 |
| defining the carbohydrate specificities of abrus precatorius agglutinin as t (gal beta 1----3galnac) greater than i/ii (gal beta 1----3/4glcnac). | the combining site of the nontoxic carbohydrate binding protein (abrus precatorius agglutinin, apa) purified from the needs of abrus precatorius (jequirity bean), was studied by quantitative precipitin and precipitin-inhibition assays. of 26 glycoproteins and polysaccharides tested, all, except sialic acid-containing glycoproteins and desialized ovine salivary glycoproteins, reacted strongly with the lectin, and precipitated over 70% of the lectin added, indicating that apa has a broad range of ... | 1992 | 1527037 |
| histochemical analysis of rat testicular glycoconjugates. 2. beta-galactosyl residues in o- and n-linked glycans in seminiferous tubules. | rat testes have been examined with a panel of lectins that bind specifically to oligosaccharide sequences having terminal or subterminal beta-galactosyl residues in o-linked glycans, or in the outer chains of complex n-linked glycans: arachis hypogaea (peanut, aha), erythrina cristagalli (coral tree, eca), ricinus communis (castor bean, rca120) and abrus precatorius (jequirity bean, apa) agglutinins. pretreatment of sections with neuraminidase, beta-galactosidase and removal of alkali-labile o-l ... | 1992 | 1634372 |
| glycoconjugates in the human fetal endolymphatic sac as detected by lectins. | the distribution of glycoconjugates in the 11 to 16 weeks old human fetal endolymphatic sac (es) was analyzed using six biotinylated lectins; wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i), ricinus communis agglutinin 120 (rca120), helix pomatia agglutinin (hpa), concanavalin a (cona). in the 11 week old human fetus, fluorescent reactions with wga, apa, rca120 and cona were detected in the es. there was almost no reaction with hpa and uea-i. ... | 1991 | 1919336 |
| sperm antimotility properties of a seed extract of abrus precatorius. | this study examined the inhibitory effects of a methanol extract of abrus precatorius seeds on the motility of washed human spermatozoa. the extract caused a concentration-related impairment of percentage sperm motility; with the ec50 concentration being 2.29 mg/ml. this effect on motility was essentially irreversible. with the highest concentration tested (20.0 mg/ml), the onset of the antimotility action was almost immediate. in addition, this concentration impaired the functional integrity of ... | 1991 | 1943179 |
| preproabrin: genomic cloning, characterisation and the expression of the a-chain in escherichia coli. | synthetic oligonucleotides representing all possible sequences of an n-terminal and an internal region of the a-chain of abrin c were used to generate a probe specific for abrin-related sequences using the polymerase chain reaction on abrus precatorius genomic dna. a lambda phage library constructed from genomic dna isolated from leaf tissue of a. precatorius was screened and positive hybridising clones were characterised by restriction enzyme analysis. the coding regions of unique clones were c ... | 1991 | 2050149 |
| studies on abrus precatorius seeds. i: uterotonic activity of seed oil. | | 1991 | 2056765 |
| studies on abrus precatorius seeds. ii: antidiarrhoeal activity. | | 1991 | 2056766 |
| effect of steroidal fraction of seeds of abrus precatorius linn. on rat testis. | dose-dependent degenerative changes in the testicular weights, sperm count, later stages of spermatogenesis and leydig cells are observed in testis of rats treated with steroidal fraction of seeds of a. precatorius. these are correlated with the dose-dependent decrease in the enzyme activity of 3 alpha, 3 beta, 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and leucine aminopeptidase. the steroidal fraction may also exert its influence indirectly ... | 1990 | 2253968 |
| toxicity of abrus precatorius in nubian goats. | eight nubian goats were given abrus precatorius seed at 2, 1 and 0.5 g/kg/day by stomach tube. six goats receiving the plant seed at 2 and 1 g/kg died between days 2 and 5. one goat receiving abrus seed at 0.5 g/kg/day died on day 32 and the other animal in the group was killed on day 33. the main signs of abrus poisoning were inappetence, bloody diarrhea, dyspnea, dehydration, loss of condition and recumbency. the lesions were fatty change and necrosis of hepatocytes and renal convoluted tubule ... | 1990 | 2264260 |
| post-testicular antifertility effects of abrus precatorius seed extract in albino rats. | oral administration of a 50% ethanol extract of abrus precatorius seeds (250 mg/kg) in albino rats for 30 and 60 days induced an absolute infertility in males which was reversible. suppression of sperm motility in the cauda epididymis was the most pronounced effect of the treatment. such treatment may affect the oxidative/energy metabolism of the cauda epididymis. histological and histocytometric observations in testis and parareproductive tissues appeared normal while the protein, sialic acid, ... | 1990 | 2329808 |
| evaluation of plant extracts for sweetness using the mongolian gerbil. | extracts of thladiantha grosvenorii fruits, stevia rebaudiana leaves, and abrus precatorius leaves were investigated using mongolian gerbil electrophysiological and conditioned taste aversion procedures, which were designed to respond to sucrose. a close correlation was observed between extracts of these sweet plants known to contain sweet principles and those extracts indicated as being sweet by a combination of these gerbil bioassays. the methods employed seem to be suitable for use in aiding ... | 1990 | 2348201 |
| effect of gentamicin on the carbohydrates of the vestibular end organs: an investigation by the use of fitc-lectins. | the effect of gentamicin on the glycoconjugates in the vestibular end organs is demonstrated using fitc-lectins. five milligrams of gentamicin dissolved in 0.1 ml. saline was injected in a single dose into the middle ear of adult guinea pigs. seven days after the injection, the fluorescent reactivity of wheat germ agglutinin (wga), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa), concanavaline a (con a), and latyrus odoratus agglutinin (loa) was decreased in the apical epithelial cell surface as well as in t ... | 1989 | 2565946 |
| abrusosides a-d, four novel sweet-tasting triterpene glycosides from the leaves of abrus precatorius. | in addition to abrusoside a [1], abrusosides b [2], c [3], and d [4], three further sweet glycosides based on the novel cycloartane-type aglycone, abrusogenin [5], were isolated from an n-buoh-soluble extract of the leaves of abrus precatorius. using a combination of spectral methods, the structures of compounds 1-4 were assigned, respectively, as the 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl, the 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-beta-d-6-methylglucuronopyranosyl+ ++, the 3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1----2)-be ... | 1989 | 2691636 |
| comparative investigations of latin american trypanosomes with lectins and complement lysis test. | four-days old epimastigote culture forms of different stocks of trypanosoma cruzi from colombia, costa rica and mexico as well of colombian stocks of t. rangeli were tested with 27 lectins and the complement lysis test. while the stocks of t. cruzi and t. rangeli showed common agglutination reactions with the lectins of canavalia ensiformis and pisum sativum, only the stocks of t. cruzi were additionally agglutinated by ricinus communis-120, glycine maxima, helix pomatia, axinella polypoides, ba ... | 1986 | 3085200 |
| expression of glycoconjugates on normally developing and immunologically impaired hymenolepis diminuta. | the carbohydrates on the surface of hymenolepis diminuta were analyzed with gold-labelled lectins, and it was found that the surface coat of the anterior body differs from that of the strobila in its lectin-binding properties. binding sites for lectins from abrus precatorius (apa), arachis hypogaea (pna), glycine max (sba) and for wheat germ agglutinin (wga) and succinylated wga were located on the scolex and strobilation zone. lectin-gold particles attached mainly to the electron-dense spines. ... | 1988 | 3237676 |
| antifertility effects of alcoholic seed extract of abrus precatorius linn. in male albino rats. | effects of alcoholic seed extract of abrus precatorius linn. were investigated at a dose of 100 mg/kg body wt./day/rat for 60 days on fertility, semen profile and sperm metabolism of orally administered sexually mature male albino rats using who protocols. serum testosterone levels were also measured using ria technique. the data revealed that the cauda epididymal sperm motility was significantly lowered with no effect in its sperm concentration by 60 days of feeding. the scanning electron micro ... | 1987 | 3439410 |
| lectins from abrus precatorius and ricinus communis. i. immunochemical relationships between toxins and agglutinins. | | 1974 | 4213214 |
| purification of proteins from abrus precatorius l. & their biological properties. | | 1971 | 4268993 |
| isolation and comparison of galactose-binding lectins from abrus precatorius and ricinus communis. | | 1974 | 4811904 |
| purification and characterization of two major toxic proteins from seeds of abrus precatorius. | | 1974 | 4830236 |
| chemical & pharmacological investigations on the seeds of abrus precatorius linn. ii. effect of seeds on mitosis & meiosis in grasshopper, poecilocera picta & some ciliates. | | 1971 | 5004156 |
| comparative acute toxicity of abrus precatorius and ormoisa seeds in animals. | | 1971 | 5109285 |
| some actions of the seeds of abrus precatorius. | | 1971 | 5161468 |
| toxicity studies with fractions from abrus precatorius seed kernels. | | 1969 | 5358065 |
| differences in sensitivity of human a,b,o and ab erythrocytes to agglutination by abrus precatorius. | | 1969 | 5776834 |
| effect of abrus precatorius l. on experimental tumors. | | 1969 | 5799161 |
| the interactions of the erythrocytes of various species with agglutinins of abrus precatorius linn. | | 1966 | 5932583 |
| toxic and haemagglutinating properties of abrus precatorius l. | | 1966 | 5966955 |
| some neuromuscular effects of the crude extracts of the leaves of abrus precatorius. | some neuromuscular effects of the crude extracts of the leaves of abrus precatorius were investigated using isolated toad rectus abdominis and rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm muscle preparations as well as young chicks. the ethanol extract of the leaves inhibited acetylcholine-induced contractions of both toad rectus abdominis and rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm muscle preparations. the effects were concentration-dependent and reversible. the extract also caused flaccid paralysis when injected intraveno ... | 1984 | 6088895 |
| abrus and ricinus ingestion: management of three cases. | three instances of toxic bean ingestion, all in the course of 1 week in the st. louis area, have led us to submit this article. one case of jequirty bean (abrus precatorius l.) and two of castor bean (ricinus communis l.) were treated at cardial glennon memorial hospital for children during the third week of august in 1979. these seeds contain phytotoxins which are among the most potent toxic principles known to man. | 1980 | 6108823 |
| differentiation of bacillus anthracis and other bacillus species by lectins. | bacillus anthracis was agglutinated by several lectins, including those from griffonia simplicifolia, glycine max, abrus precatorius, and ricinus communis. some strains of bacillus cereus var. mycoides (b. mycoides) were strongly reactive with the lectin from helix pomatia and weakly reactive with the g. max lectin. the differential interactions between bacillus species and lectins afforded a means of distinguishing b. anthracis from other bacilli. b. cereus strains exhibited heterogeneity with ... | 1984 | 6418761 |
| flow cytometric analysis of the binding of eleven lectins to human t- and b-cells and to human t- and b-cell lines. | the relative surface binding of 11 lectins to human peripheral blood t- and b-lymphocytes, to molt-4 and jm t-cell lines, and to 6410 and nc37 b-cell lines was determined by flow cytometry. the lectins from lens culinaris (lca), ricinus communis (rca), arachis hypogaea (pna), abrus precatorius (apa), ulex europaeus (uea-f), sarothamnus scoparius (sas-f), helix pomatia (hpa), phaseolus coccineus (l-pha), glycine max (sba), and triticum vulgare (wga) were fluoresceinated and incubated with living, ... | 1984 | 6609053 |
| research on plants for fertility regulation in india. | this present review of indian plants investigated for fertility regulation includes published literature of the country and unpublished data of the central drug research institute (cdri), located in lucknow, india. publications without supportive experimental data have not been included. it is evident from the data presented in the tables that most of the investigators have failed to include the valuable information on the time and place of collection and proper botanical authentication, if co ... | 1982 | 6752588 |
| uterotonic activity of extracts of the seeds of abrus precatorius. | | 1983 | 6867165 |
| a characterization of abrin a from the seeds of the abrus precatorius plant. | abrin a was purified from the seeds of the abrus precatorius plant and its physical and biological properties were studied. the biological properties of abrin a were found to be similar to the better studied abrus protein, abrin c, in that it is toxic to cell-free protein synthesis and binds d-galactose. abrin a contains carbohydrate moieties including both neutral and amine sugars but no metals, similar to the other two abrus proteins (abrin c and the abrus agglutinin). amino acid compositions ... | 1981 | 7213807 |
| interaction of native and asialo rat sublingual glycoproteins with lectins. | the binding properties of the rat sublingual glycoprotein (rsl) and its asialo product with lectins were characterized by quantitative precipitin(qpa) and precipitin inhibition(qpia) assays. among twenty lectins tested for qpa, native rsl reacted well only with artocarpus integrifolia (jacalin), but weakly or not at all with the other lectins. however, its asialo product (asialo-rsl) reacted strongly with many gal and galnac specific lectins-it bound best to three of the galnac alpha 1-->ser/thr ... | 1995 | 7475931 |
| potent antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory and antiallergic isoflavanquinones from the roots of abrus precatorius. | five isoflavanquinones have been isolated from the roots of abrus precatorius l. (leguminosae). three of them are new and designated as abruquinones d, e, and f. the pharmacological activities of the isoflavanquinones have been evaluated. the results indicated that abruquinones a, b, and d exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects on the platelet aggregation. the ic50 of abruquinones a and b for the inhibition of the platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (aa) and collagen were less than ... | 1995 | 7480175 |
| visualization of capsule formation by erwinia amylovora and assays to determine amylovoran synthesis. | exopolysaccharide (eps) synthesis by erwinia amylovora depends on environmental and genetic predispositions. to measure the amount of the acidic eps amylovoran synthesized by e. amylovora cell cultures, a turbidity assay using cetylpyridinium salt was developed. the eps produced by bacteria grown on solid media was additionally characterized by its water content. the amylovoran capsules were visualized in situ by staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labelled lectin from abrus precator ... | 1994 | 7537077 |
| inhibition of plasma extravasation by abruquinone a, a natural isoflavanquinone isolated from abrus precatorius. | polymyxin b-induced hind-paw edema was suppressed by abruquinone a, an isoflavanquinone isolated from abrus precatorius, in normal as well in adrenalectomized mice. unlike dexamethasone, abruquinone a did not increase the liver glycogen content in fasting adrenalectomized mice. the volume of exuded plasma was significantly reduced by abruquinone a in neurogenic inflammation, passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction and compound 48/80-induced ear edema. histamine-, serotonin-, bradykinin- and subs ... | 1995 | 7537681 |
| native and asialo-tamm-horsfall glycoproteins as important ligands for the detection of galnac beta 1-->and gal beta 1-->4glcnac active lectins. | the binding properties of human tamm-horsfall sd(a+) urinary glycoprotein(thgp) and asialo-thgp with various applied lectins was investigated by quantitative precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays. both glycoproteins completely precipitated abrus precatorius agglutinin(apa). they also reacted well with wistaria floribunda (wfa), glycine max (soybean, sba), and ricinus communis agglutinins and precipitated over 78% of the lectin nitrogen added, but reacted poorly or weakly with all alpha-ano ... | 1995 | 7726822 |
| a sheep hydatid cyst glycoprotein as receptors for three toxic lectins, as well as abrus precatorius and ricinus communis agglutinins. | the binding properties of a glycoprotein with blood group p1 specificity isolated from sheep hydatid cyst fluid with gal and galnac specific lectins was investigated by quantitative precipitin and precipitin inhibition assays. the glycoprotein completely precipitated ricinus communis agglutinin (rca1), abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa) and mistletoe toxic lectin-i (ml-i). only 1.0 microgram of p1 glycoprotein was required to precipitate 50% of 5.1 micrograms ml-i nitrogen. it also reacted well ... | 1995 | 7827100 |
| characterization of the okra mucilage by interaction with gal, galnac and glcnac specific lectins. | a bio-active polysaccharide, which was the major component of the extract of the common okra, hibiscus esculentus, was isolated from the extract by precipitation with ethanol between 28.5 to 45%. according to a previous report (whistler, r.l. and conrad, h.e. (1954) j. am. chem. soc. 76, 1673-1674), this polysaccharide contains the gal alpha 1-->4gal sequence, which is the ligand for the uropathogenic escherichia coli and toxic lectins. analysis of the binding property of the okra polysaccharide ... | 1995 | 7873558 |
| traditional herbal remedies used for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis in zimbabwe. | a total of 286 traditional healers, 85% of them registered with the zimbabwe national traditional healers' association (zinatha), in five administrative provinces of zimbabwe, were interviewed to assess their knowledge about the signs and symptoms of urinary schistosomiasis. information on the names of plants used to treat schistosoma haematobium infections was solicited. haematuria was mentioned by 99% of the traditional healers to be the most obvious sign of s. haematobium infection. general b ... | 1994 | 8072305 |
| lectin receptors on iga isotypes. | it has been shown previously that secretory iga interacts with the mannose-specific lectin of escherichia coli. the purpose of the study described here was to evaluate whether the n-linked oligosaccharide chains of the human iga isotypes iga1 and iga2 differ in lectin receptor activity. a range of plant lectins specific for n-linked oligosaccharide chains were tested for their ability to precipitate iga1 and iga2 myeloma proteins, secretory iga and free secretory component. iga2 myeloma proteins ... | 1994 | 8296163 |
| cloning and expression of three abrin a-chains and their mutants derived by site-specific mutagenesis in escherichia coli. | dnas encoding of three abrin a-chains were obtained from the cdna library of abrus precatorius by polymerase chain reaction and ligated into the expression vector, pgex-2t. the mature a-chains of abrins a, b and d have been expressed in the cytoplasm of escherichia coli, and the yield of the soluble recombinant proteins was 7 mg/l induced culture. three recombinant abrin a-chains were purified to be homogeneity and their n-glycosidase ability to inhibit protein biosynthesis in a cell-free system ... | 1994 | 8307038 |
| molecular mechanism of inhibition of mammalian protein synthesis by some four-chain agglutinins. proposal of an extended classification of plant ribosome-inactivating proteins (rrna n-glycosidases). | the four chain agglutinins from abrus precatorius, viscum album and ricinus communis promote depurination of the 28 s rrna from rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes characteristic of the common ribosome-inactivating proteins (rips). these agglutinins inhibited mammalian protein synthesis at nanomolar concentrations but they do not affect plant protein synthesis under the same conditions. therefore, they should also be considered as true rips but of a new class, the four-chain rips. an extended classifi ... | 1993 | 8354410 |
| release behaviour of 5-fluorouracil from chitosan-gel microspheres immobilizing 5-fluorouracil derivative coated with polysaccharides and their cell specific recognition. | in order to provide a device releasing drugs in a controlled manner and having targetability to specific organs or cells, chitosan-gel microspheres, cms, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, immobilizing 1-[n-(5-aminopentyl) carbamoyl]-5-fluorouracil, 1, coated with anionic polysaccharides, such as 6-o-carboxymethyl-n-acetyl-alpha-1,4-polygalactosamine (cm-napga), 6-o-carboxymethyl-chitin, alginic acid and heparin, by polyelectrolyte complex membrane formation were prepared. when chitosan was crossl ... | 1993 | 8383199 |
| lectin recognition of host-like saccharide motifs in streptococcal cell wall polysaccharides. | viridans streptococci that participate in the microbial colonization of teeth have cell wall polysaccharides composed of linear phosphodiester-linked hexa- or heptasaccharide repeating units, each containing a host-like disaccharide motif, either gal beta 1-->3galnac or galnac beta 1-->3gal. whereas strains with galnac beta 1-->3gal-containing polysaccharides co-aggregated with streptococci that possess galnac-sensitive lectins, strains with either host-like motif co-aggregated with actinomyces ... | 1995 | 8608267 |
| interaction of a human blood group sd(a-) tamm-horsfall glycoprotein with applied lectins. | unlike the human blood group sd(a+) tamm-horsfall glycoprotein (thgp), the sd(a-) one lacks terminal galnacbeta1--> residues at the nonreducing ends. the binding properties of this glycoprotein and its asialo product with lectins were characterized by quantitative precipitin (qpa) and precipitin inhibition assays. among 20 lectins tested by qpa, both native and asialo sd(a-) thgp reacted best with abrus precatorius and ricinus communis and completely precipitated the lectin added. they also prec ... | 1996 | 8617360 |
| the neuac(alpha-2,6)-gal/galnac-binding lectin from elderberry (sambucus nigra) bark, a type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein with an unusual specificity and structure. | the cdna encoding the neuac(alpha-2,6)gal/galnac binding lectin from elderberry (sambucus nigra) bark (snai) was isolated from a cdna library constructed with mrna from the bark. sequence analysis of this lectin cdna revealed a striking similarity to the previously sequenced type-2 ribosome-inactivating proteins from ricinus communis and abrus precatorius. molecular modelling of snai further indicated that its structure closely resembles that of ricin. since snai strongly inhibits cell-free prot ... | 1996 | 8631319 |
| characterization and molecular cloning of sambucus nigra agglutinin v (nigrin b), a galnac-specific type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein from the bark of elderberry (sambucus nigra). | the molecular structure of the sambucus nigra agglutinin v (snav), which has been described previously as a type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein called nigrin b, has been studied in detail by analysis of the purified protein combined with cdna cloning and molecular modelling. native snav is a dimer of two [a-s-s-b] pairs. hapten inhibition assays indicated that galnac is a 20-fold more potent inhibitor of snav than gal. a cdna clone encoding snav was isolated from a cdna library constructed with ... | 1996 | 8647092 |
| binding properties of a blood group le(a+) active sialoglycoprotein, purified from human ovarian cyst, with applied lectins. | studies on the structures and binding properties of the glycoproteins, purified from human ovarian cyst fluids, will aid the understanding of the carbohydrate alterations occurring during the biosynthesis of blood group antigens and neoplasm formation. these glycoproteins can also serve as important biological materials to study blood group a, b, h, le(a), le(b), le(x), le(y), t and tn determinants, precursor type i and ii sequences and cold agglutinin i and i epitopes. in this study, the bindin ... | 1996 | 8672551 |
| genetic transfer of amylovoran and stewartan synthesis between erwinia amylovora and erwinia stewartii. | dna fragments with ams genes of erwinia amylovora and cps genes of erwinia stewartii were transferred to exopolysaccharide (eps)-deficient mutants of the other species. the resulting epss were characterized by sensitivity to eps-dependent bacteriophages, staining with amylovoran-specific fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labelled lectin and chemical techniques, such as determination of the sugar composition and methylation analysis in order to distinguish between amylovoran and stewartan. degradation b ... | 1996 | 8704950 |
| differential binding properties of gal/galnac specific lectins available for characterization of glycoreceptors. | differentiating the binding properties of applied lectins should facilitate the selection of lectins for characterization of glycoreceptors on the cell surface. based on the binding specificities studied by inhibition assays of lectin-glycan interactions, over twenty gal and/or galnac specific lectins have been divided into eight groups according to their specificity for structural units (lectin determinants), which are the disaccharide as all or part of the determinants and of galnac alpha 1--> ... | 1997 | 9343930 |
| interaction of murine macrophage-membrane proteins with components of the pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. | the interaction of macrophage-membrane proteins and histoplasmin, a crude antigen of the pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum, was studied using murine peritoneal macrophages. membrane proteins were purified via membrane attachment to polycationic beads and solubilized in tris-hcl/sds/dtt/glycerol for protein extraction; afterwards they were adsorbed or not with h. capsulatum yeast or lectin binding-enriched by affinity chromatography. membrane proteins and histoplasmin interactions were det ... | 1998 | 9737672 |
| primary structure and function analysis of the abrus precatorius agglutinin a chain by site-directed mutagenesis. pro(199) of amphiphilic alpha-helix h impairs protein synthesis inhibitory activity. | abrus agglutinin (aag), a low-toxicity protein from the plant abrus precatorius, is less lethal than abrina (abra) in mice (ld(50) = 5 mg/kg versus 20 microg/kg of body weight). nucleotide sequence analysis of a cdna clone encoding full-length aag showed an open reading frame with 1641 base pairs, corresponding to a 547-amino acid residue preproprotein containing a signal peptide and a linker region (two amino acid residues) between the aag-a and aag-b subunits. aag had high homology to abra (77 ... | 2000 | 10636890 |
| anthelmintic screening of zimbabwean plants traditionally used against schistosomiasis. | extracts of 23 plant species used popularly against schistosomiasis in zimbabwe were screened for their anthelmintic effect. schistosomules of the trematode schistosoma mansoni and cysticercoids of the cestode hymenolepis diminuta were studied in vitro. the material consisted of 58 plant extracts, of which 37 killed the newly excysted cysticercoids within an hour, when incubated in a culture medium. lethal concentrations varied from 0.8 to 103 mg/ml. all plant extracts showed activity against th ... | 2001 | 11274827 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from the aerial parts of abrus precatorius (fabaceae). | two triterpenoid saponins 1 and 2 isolated from the aerial parts of abrus precatorius and their acetates derivatives, 3 and 4 have been tested for anti-inflammatory activity using the croton oil ear model. all the compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory activity but the acetates showed greater inhibition than the parent compounds. | 2001 | 11292235 |
| carbohydrate specificity of a toxic lectin, abrin a, from the seeds of abrus precatorius (jequirity bean). | to elucidate of the mechanism of intoxication, the affinity of a toxic lectin, abrin a, from the seeds of abrus precatorius for mammalian carbohydrate ligands, was studied by enzyme linked lectinosorbent assay and by inhibition of abrin a-glycan interaction. from the results, it is concluded that: (1) abrin a reacted well with gal beta1-->4glcnac (ii), gal alpha1-->4gal (e), and gal beta1-->3galnac (t) containing glycoproteins. but it reacted weakly with sialylated gps and human blood group a,b, ... | 2001 | 11589518 |
| suppression of dtt-induced aggregation of abrin by alphaa- and alphab-crystallins: a model aggregation assay for alpha-crystallin chaperone activity in vitro. | the eye lens small heat shock proteins (shsp), alphaa- and alphab-crystallins, have been shown to function like molecular chaperones, both in vitro and in vivo. it is essential to assess the protective effect of alphaa- and alphab-crystallins under native conditions to extrapolate the results to in vivo conditions. insulin and alpha-lactalbumin have widely been used to investigate the chaperone mechanism of alpha-crystallin under native conditions. due to its smaller size, insulin b-chain may no ... | 2002 | 12095619 |
| antitubercular and antiplasmodial constituents of abrus precatorius. | a known isoflavanquinone, abruquinone b ( 1), and a new derivative, abruquinone g ( 2), were isolated from the aerial parts of abrus precatorius. chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectral analyses. while 1 exhibited antitubercular, antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities, compound 2 showed mild antiviral and cytotoxic activities. | 2004 | 15114511 |
| abrin poisoning. | abrin is a toxic protein obtained from the seeds of abrus precatorius (jequirity bean), which is similar in structure and properties to ricin. abrin is highly toxic, with an estimated human fatal dose of 0.1-1 microgram/kg, and has caused death after accidental and intentional poisoning. abrin can be extracted from jequirity beans using a relatively simple and cheap procedure. this satisfies one criterion of a potential chemical warfare agent, although the lack of large scale production of jequi ... | 2003 | 15181663 |
| effect of abrin on cell-mediated immune responses in mice. | effect of abrin isolated from abrus precatorius on the cellular immune responses was studied in normal as well as tumor-bearing animals. administration of abrin was found to enhance the proliferation of splenocytes and thymocytes (lymphocytes in general) in responses to mitogens. natural killer cell activity was enhanced significantly by abrin in both the normal (49.8% cell lysis on day 9) and the tumor-bearing group (51.7% cell lysis on day 9), and it was found to be earlier than the control. a ... | 2006 | 16873094 |
| cloning and expression of the b chain of volkensin, type 2 ribosome inactivating protein from adenia volkensii harms: co-folding with the a chain for heterodimer reconstitution. | type 2 ribosome inactivating proteins (rips) include some potent plant toxins, among which ricin from ricinus communis and abrin from abrus precatorius seeds, have been known for more than a century. two other type 2 rips belong to this class of proteins, both isolated from plants of the same family (passifloraceae), modeccin and volkensin, from adenia digitata and adenia volkensii roots, respectively. volkensin is probably the most potent plant toxin known, with an ld50 for rats of 50-60 ng/kg. ... | 2007 | 16997573 |
| potential of plant extracts in combination with bacterial antagonist treatment as biocontrol agent of red rot of sugarcane. | plant extracts and antifungal microorganisms were tested singly and in combination for biocontrol of sugarcane red rot disease (colletotrichum falcatum) using two sugarcane (saccharum officinarum l.) cultivars, coc671 and coc92061, in pot and field experiments. leaf extracts of abrus precatorius and bassia latifolia and the rhizome extract of curcuma longa reduced colletotrichum falcatum mycelial growth by 80%, 58%, and 57%, respectively. although sugarcane- planting materials (setts) treated in ... | 2007 | 17496967 |
| immunomodulatory and anti-tumor activities of native and heat denatured abrus agglutinin. | abrus agglutinin (aag), a hetero tetrameric gal beta (1-3) nac gal specific lectin, is isolated from seeds of abrus precatorius. in our previous studies we found that the protein could act as an immunomodulator and immunoadjuvant in native (na) and heat denatured (hda) conditions. an anticancer effect of the lectin is reported, but its mode of action is not clearly known. in the present study, the anti-tumor activity of aag (na, hda) has been evaluated in a murine dalton's lymphoma (dl) ascites ... | 2007 | 17678717 |
| activity-directed fractionation and isolation of four antibacterial compounds from abrus precatorius l. roots. | root extracts of the plant abrus precatorius l. was tested for antibacterial activity. various solvent fractions exhibited inhibitory activity against 13 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. root extracts were analyzed by thin layer chromatography. the antibacterial activity was localized to specific chromatophores in the chloroform fraction through a bioautography assay. it was found localized to 4 chromatophores out of 7. the chromatophores were isolated from the tlc plates and rechecked ... | 2007 | 17680505 |
| studies on the toxicity of an aqueous extract of the leaves of abrus precatorius in rats. | the toxic effects of an aqueous extract of abrus precatorius were studied in 20 male white rats over a period of 18 days. the rats were divided into four groups of five rats per group. those in group a served as controls while the rats in groups b, c and d were dosed per os with 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg and 1 600 mg/kg of the extract, respectively. blood samples were collected for haematological and biochemical analysis and specimens of the liver, kidney and testes were taken for histopathological s ... | 2007 | 17708151 |
| the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of abrus precatorius (l) fabaceae extract on some clinical pathogens. | to investigate the in-vitro antimicrobial activities of the extracts of abrus precatorius on some clinical isolates as resistance to available and affordable antibiotics by these pathogens is on the increase. | 2008 | 18408781 |
| inhibitory effect of abrus abrin-derived peptide fraction against dalton's lymphoma ascites model. | peptides derived from larger molecules that are important modulators in cancer regression are becoming leads for development of therapeutic drugs. it has been reported that abrus abrin, isolated from the seeds of abrus precatorius, showed in vitro and in vivo antitumor properties by the induction of apoptosis. the present study was designed to evaluate the in vivo therapeutic effectiveness of abrin-derived peptide (abp) fraction in dalton's lymphoma (dl) mice model. the lethal dose (ld(50)) of a ... | 2009 | 18706794 |
| acute demyelinating encephalitis due to abrus precatorius poisoning--complete recovery after steroid therapy. | poisoning from abrus precatorius is attributed to a toxalbumin (abrin) that acts by inhibiting protein synthesis and rarely can cause immuno-mediated demyelination. we report a case of abrin poisoning with demyelination. | 2008 | 18763153 |
| the effect of lactose-conjugated silk biomaterials on the development of fibrogenic fibroblasts. | surface properties of implanted biomaterials can cause fibrotic tissue reactions by stimulating differentiation of host fibroblasts into contractile myofibroblasts. silk fibroin (sf) protein has been used as biomaterial in pure and blended form. however, its effect on myofibroblast differentiation remains elusive. we here conjugated sf with lactose using cyanuric chloride as coupling spacer. nmr spectroscopy and the conjugates ability to agglomerate abrus precatorius agglutinin verified efficien ... | 2008 | 18804860 |
| detection of abrin in food using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electrochemiluminescence technologies. | abrin is a toxic ribosome-inactivating protein present in beans of abrus precatorius, also known as rosary peas. the possibility that abrin could be used to adulterate food has made the development of assays for the detection of abrin a priority. rabbit-derived polyclonal antibodies and mouse monoclonal antibodies were prepared against a mixture of abrin isozymes. the specificity and cross-reactivity of the antibodies were evaluated against a challenge library of 40 grains, nuts, legumes, and fo ... | 2008 | 18810871 |
| quantitation of abrine, an indole alkaloid marker of the toxic glycoproteins abrin, by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry when spiked into various beverages. | abrine is an alkaloid chemical marker and surrogate analyte of abrin, a group of highly toxic glycoproteins. these toxins can be easily isolated from the seed of the rosary pea plant and distributed in a variety of matrices, including food. a procedure for the cleanup of abrine from various beverages, including milk, cola, juice drink, tea, and water, by c18 strata-x solid-phase extraction (spe) cartridges is described with comparison to a previously developed liquid-liquid extraction protocol u ... | 2008 | 19007169 |
| survival after an intentional ingestion of crushed abrus seeds. | abrus precatorius seeds contain one of the most potent toxins known to man. however, because of the seed's outer hard coat the vast majority of ingestions cause only mild symptoms and typically results in complete recovery. if the seeds are crushed and then ingested, more serious toxicity, including death, can occur.we present a case of a man who survived an intentional ingestion of crushed abrus seeds after he was treated with aggressive gastric decontamination and supportive care. | 2008 | 19561733 |
| recognition intensities of submolecular structures, mammalian glyco-structural units, ligand cluster and polyvalency in abrin-a-carbohydrate interactions. | abrin-a is the most toxic fraction of lectins isolated from abrus precatorius seeds and belongs to the family of type 2 ribosome inactivating proteins (rip). this toxin may act as a defense molecule in plants against viruses, fungi and insects, where attachment of abrin-a to the exposed glycans on the surface of target cells is the crucial and initial step of its cytotoxicity. although it has been studied for over four decades, the recognition factors involved in abrin-a-carbohydrate interaction ... | 2010 | 19913595 |
| antiovulatory and anti-implantation potential of the methanolic extract of seeds of abrus precatorius in the rat. | to investigate the effect of the methanolic extract of seeds of abrus precatorius on the estrous cycle, ovulation, and implantation of fetuses in sprague-dawley rats. | 2010 | 20150030 |
| attempted suicide, by mail order: abrus precatorius. | abrus precatorius is cultivated in many subtropical areas. the seeds exist in a variety of colors such as black, orange, and most commonly, glossy red. a black band is found at the end of the seed. the plant contains multiple pods which typically contain three to five abrus seeds. the seeds contain abrin, which inhibits ribosomal function, halting protein synthesis and leading to cellular death. a unique aspect of this case is the use of the internet to order a potentially lethal poison as well ... | 2010 | 20563676 |
| in vitro antimalarial activity of medicinal plant extracts against plasmodium falciparum. | malaria is a major global public health problem, and the alarming spread of drug resistance and limited number of effective drugs now available underline how important it is to discover new antimalarial compounds. in the present study, ten plants were extracted with ethyl acetate and methanol and tested for their antimalarial activity against chloroquine (cq)-sensitive (3d7) and cq-resistant (dd2 and indo) strains of plasmodium falciparum in culture using the fluorescence-based sybr green assay. ... | 2011 | 20809417 |
| recognition roles of the carbohydrate glycotopes of human and bovine lactoferrins in lectin-n-glycan interactions. | lactoferrin is an iron-binding protein belonging to the transferrin family. in addition to iron homeostasis, lactoferrin is also thought to have anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. previous studies showed that all lactoferrins are glycosylated in the human body, but the recognition roles of their carbohydrate glycotopes have not been well addressed. | 2010 | 21055448 |
| mast cell stabilizing and antiallergic activity of abrus precatorius in the management of asthma. | to investigate effects of ethanol extract of abrus precatorius leaves (eapl) on egg albumin induced mast cell degranulation in mice and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats. | 2011 | 21771414 |
| immunomodulatory activity of the aqueous extract of seeds of abrus precatorius linn (jequirity) in mice. | background: various compounds of plant origin have been widely investigated since ancient times for their possible immunomodulatory properties as well as for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. objective: to study the immunomodulatory functions of the aqueous extract of the seeds of abrus precatorius commonly known as indian liquorice (fabaceae), a medicinal plant native to central india. methods: swiss albino mice were intraperitoneally treated with three doses (0.75, 1.25 and 2.5 -ág/kg ... | 2011 | 21705837 |
| influence of fungal elicitation on glycyrrhizin production in transformed cell cultures of abrus precatorius linn. | glycyrrhizin, obtained from abrus precatorius (indian liquorice), is a phytoconstituent of importance for pharmaceutical and food industries. | 2011 | 22262933 |
| purification and characterization of three toxins and two agglutinins from abrus precatorius seed by using lactamyl-sepharose affinity chromatography. | three toxins, abrin-i, -ii, and -iii, and two agglutinins, apa-i and -ii, were purified from the seeds of abrus precatorius by lactamyl-sepharose affinity chromatography followed by gel filtration and deae-sephacel column chromatography. abrin-i did not bind on deae-sephacel column chromatography and the bound abrin-ii, abrin-iii, apa-i, and apa-ii were eluted with a sodium acetate gradient. the identity of each protein was established by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ... | 2007 | 1867374 |
| isolation of a clone of chinese hamster ovary cells deficient in plant lectin-binding sites. | ricin, a galactose-binding lectin with potent cytotoxic activity, was used to select a clone of chinese hamster ovary cells with altered plant lectin-binding properties. the clone (15b) is 80-fold less sensitive to the toxic action of ricin than the parent line. in the absence of ricin, it grows both in monolayer and suspension culture with a normal generation time. plating efficiency, however, is significantly reduced. relative to the parent cells, its binding of the ricinus communis lectins, p ... | 2015 | 4524616 |
| ultraviolet difference spectroscopic studies on the saccharide-binding properties of abrus precatorius agglutinin. | the nature of the binding of specific saccharides to abrus precatorius agglutinin (apa) was studied by ultraviolet difference spectroscopy. upon binding of saccharides, apa displayed difference spectra with maxima at 291-292 nm and 284-285 nm. such spectra suggest that the state of the tryptophan residue closely associated with the saccharide-binding activity of apa is perturbed by the binding of a saccharide. the difference spectra value (delta epsilon) increased with increasing saccharide conc ... | 2013 | 3711056 |
| rapid method using two microbial enzymes for detection of l-abrine in food as a marker for the toxic protein abrin. | abrin is a toxic protein produced by the ornamental plant abrus precatorius, and it is of concern as a biothreat agent. the small coextracting molecule n-methyl-l-tryptophan (l-abrine) is specific to members of the genus abrus and thus can be used as a marker for the presence or ingestion of abrin. current methods for the detection of abrin or l-abrine in foods and other matrices require complex sample preparation and expensive instrumentation. to develop a fast and portable method for the detec ... | 2015 | 25527549 |