| characterizing nad-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes of methylobacterium extorquens and strawberry (fragaria x ananassa cv. elsanta). | the methylotroph methylobacterium extorquens (strain with cabi registration number imi 369321), which has been isolated from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa cv. elsanta) callus cultures, was grown on a mixture of methanol (0.25% v/v) and 1,2-propanediol (0.75% v/v). the microbial biotransformation of 1,2-propanediol to 2-hydroxypropanal (lactaldehyde) was studied. the bacterial alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) enzymatic activities were assessed, and the optimum ph for adh activity was found to be ph ... | 2006 | 16390205 |
| epiphytic microorganisms on strawberry plants (fragaria ananassa cv. elsanta): identification of bacterial isolates and analysis of their interaction with leaf surfaces. | epiphytic bacteria were isolated from strawberry plants cultivated in the field or in the greenhouse in order to investigate their interaction with leaf-surface transport properties. colonization of lower leaf sides was higher on field-grown plants, whereas upper leaf sides were more densely colonized on plants cultivated in the greenhouse. fungal isolates significantly contributed to total microbial biomass on leaf surfaces of greenhouse-grown strawberry plants, whereas these organisms were rar ... | 2005 | 16329966 |
| effects of cyclamen mite (phytonemus pallidus) and leaf beetle (galerucella tenella) damage on volatile emission from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) plants and orientation of predatory mites (neoseiulus cucumeris, n. californicus, and euseius finlandicus). | volatile emission profile of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) plants (cvs. polka and honeoye) damaged by cyclamen mite (phytonemus pallidus banks) or leaf beetle galerucella tenella (l.) (cv. polka) was analyzed to determine the potential of these strawberry plants to emit herbivore-induced volatiles. the total volatile emissions as well as emissions of many green leaf volatiles (e.g., (z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (z)-3-hexenyl acetate) and methyl salicylate were greater from cyclamen mite-damaged ... | 2005 | 16248563 |
| cultivation of yeast and plant cells entrapped in the low-viscous liquid-core of an alginate membrane capsule prepared using polyethylene glycol. | a liquid-core alginate-membrane capsule was prepared by a novel method using polyethylene glycol as a thickener and the cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae were encapsulated in its core and cultured. after 24 h of cultivation, the cell concentration in the capsule core-liquid reached 222 microg/mm3 on a dry weight basis, which was 1.4 times as large as that in the core of double-layered alginate beads, i.e., alginate-coated alginate-gel beads. the diameter increase of the capsule prepared by the p ... | 2004 | 16233601 |
| a case study from the interaction of strawberry and botrytis cinerea highlights the benefits of comonitoring both partners at genomic and mrna level. | strawberry fragaria x ananassa (cv. korona) was inoculated with botrytis cinerea by dipping berries in a conidial suspension. colonization by the pathogen was monitored using real-time pcr, elisa and ergosterol assays, the first showing the highest sensitivity. the expression of pathogen beta-tubulin and six polygalacturonases (bcpg1-6) and three host defence genes (polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (fapgip) and two class ii chitinases) were monitored using real-time rt-pcr. the maximum trans ... | 2005 | 16219085 |
| identification of scar markers linked to rca 2 anthracnose resistance gene and their assessment in strawberry germ plasm. | bulked segregant analysis combined with aflps was used to identify molecular markers linked to the rca 2 gene conferring resistance to colletotrichum acutatum pathogenicity group 2 which causes anthracnose in the octoploid strawberry fragaria x ananassa. dna bulks originating from a cross between the resistant cultivar 'capitola' and the susceptible cultivar 'pajaro' were screened with 110 ecori/m se iaflp combinations. four aflp markers were found linked in coupling phase to rca 2 with recombin ... | 2005 | 16003555 |
| inhibitory effect on activator protein-1, nuclear factor-kappab, and cell transformation by extracts of strawberries (fragaria x ananassa duch.). | the inhibitory effects of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) antioxidant enzymes on tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (tpa) or ultraviolet-b (uvb) induced activator protein-1 (ap-1) and nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) were studied. the inhibitory effects of strawberry extracts on the proliferation and transformation of human and mouse cancer cells were also evaluated. strawberries had high activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, ... | 2005 | 15884858 |
| effects of soil moisture and temperature on reproduction and development of twospotted spider mite (acari: tetranychidae) in strawberries. | the effects of soil moisture and temperature on the reproduction of twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae), were examined in laboratory and field tests in strawberries, fragaria x ananassa duchesne, in florida. different soil moisture levels (low, moderate, and high) were compared to determine how soil moisture affects the reproduction and development of twospotted spider mite. in addition to soil moisture, different irrigation techniques (drip versus drip/overhe ... | 2005 | 15765677 |
| quantification of allele-specific expression of a gene encoding strawberry polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (pgip) using pyrosequencing. | recent studies indicate that allele-specific differences in gene expression are a common phenomenon. the extent to which differential allelic expression exists might be underestimated, due to the limited accuracy of the methods used so far. to demonstrate allele-specific expression, we investigated the transcript abundance of six individual, highly homologous alleles of a polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein gene (fapgip) from octoploid strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). we applied the highly qua ... | 2005 | 15659106 |
| functional characterization of enzymes forming volatile esters from strawberry and banana. | volatile esters are flavor components of the majority of fruits. the last step in their biosynthesis is catalyzed by alcohol acyltransferases (aats), which link alcohols to acyl moieties. full-length cdnas putatively encoding aats were isolated from fruit of wild strawberry (fragaria vesca) and banana (musa sapientum) and compared to the previously isolated saat gene from the cultivated strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). the potential role of these enzymes in fruit flavor formation was assessed. ... | 2004 | 15326278 |
| the defh9-iaam auxin-synthesizing gene increases plant fecundity and fruit production in strawberry and raspberry. | the defh9-iaam gene fusion which is expressed specifically in placenta/ovules and promotes auxin-synthesis confers parthenocarpic fruit development to eggplant, tomato and tobacco. transgenic defh9-iaam eggplants and tomatoes show increased fruit production due mainly to an improved fruit set. however, the weight of the fruits is also frequently increased. | 2004 | 15113427 |
| cesium-134 and strontium-85 in strawberry plants following wet aerial deposition. | the understanding of the processes that control the behavior of radionuclides in crops can support policymakers to take actions to protect the environment and safeguard human health. data concerning the behavior of radionuclides in fruits are limited. strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duchesne) plants were contaminated on the aboveground part by sprinkling an aqueous solution of 134cs and 85sr at three growing stages: predormancy, anthesis, and beginning of ripening. intercepted activity was more ... | 2003 | 14674549 |
| high variability and disomic segregation of microsatellites in the octoploid fragaria virginiana mill. (rosaceae). | the objectives of the present study were to develop microsatellite markers for the wild strawberry, fragaria virginiana, to evaluate segregation patterns of microsatellite alleles in this octoploid species, and assess genetic variability at microsatellite loci in a wild population. a genomic library was screened for microsatellite repeats and several pcr primers were designed and tested. we also tested the use of heterologous primers and found that f. virginiana primers amplified products in cul ... | 2003 | 12908097 |
| isolation and diversity analysis of resistance gene analogues (rgas) from cultivated and wild strawberries. | degenerate oligonucleotide primers, designed based on conserved regions of nucleotide binding site (nbs) domains from previously cloned plant resistance genes, were used to isolate resistance gene analogues (rgas) from wild and cultivated strawberries. seven distinct families of rgas of the nbs-lrr type were identified from two related wild species, fragaria vesca and f. chiloensis, and six different fragaria x ananassa cultivars. with one exception (gav-3), the deduced amino acid sequences of s ... | 2004 | 15565466 |
| manipulation of strawberry fruit softening by antisense expression of a pectate lyase gene. | strawberry (fragaria x ananassa, duch., cv chandler) is a soft fruit with a short postharvest life, mainly due to a rapid lost of firm texture. to control the strawberry fruit softening, we obtained transgenic plants that incorporate an antisense sequence of a strawberry pectate lyase gene under the control of the 35s promoter. forty-one independent transgenic lines (apel lines) were obtained, propagated in the greenhouse for agronomical analysis, and compared with control plants, non-transforme ... | 2002 | 11842178 |
| bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed. | the bacterial rhizosphere communities of three host plants of the pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae, field-grown strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.), oilseed rape (brassica napus l.), and potato (solanum tuberosum l.), were analyzed. we aimed to determine the degree to which the rhizosphere effect is plant dependent and whether this effect would be increased by growing the same crops in two consecutive years. rhizosphere or soil samples were taken five times over the vegetation periods. to ... | 2001 | 11571180 |
| components of male aggregation pheromone of strawberry blossom weevil, anthonomus rubi herbst. (coleoptera:curculionidae). | the strawberry blossom weevil, anthonomus rubi, is a major pest of strawberries in the united kingdom and continental europe. as part of a project to develop noninsecticidal control methods, the pheromone system of this species was investigated. comparison of volatiles produced by field-collected, overwintering individuals of each sex led to identification of three male-specific compounds--(z)-2-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)ethanol, (cis)-1-methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl)cyclobutaneethanol, and 2-(1- ... | 2001 | 11504023 |
| beta-galactosidases with a lectin-like domain are expressed in strawberry. | strawberry fruits (fragaria x ananassa duch.) undergo a marked softening during their ripening, and the process is accompanied by a release of free sugars with galactose among them. in this work total beta-galactosidase activity was measured in cell wall proteins from strawberry fruits at different developmental stages. three full-length cdnas (fa beta gal1, fa beta gal2 and fa beta gal3, respectively) encoding different beta-galactosidases (ec 3.2.1.23) were isolated from a library representing ... | 2001 | 11479328 |
| preferential banding of secondary veins in strawberry is caused by mixed virus infection. | leaves of fragaria ananassa duch. cv. redgauntlet with mottle and mild dwarf symptoms were grafted onto f. vesca indicator clones. the youngest leaves developed specific vein banding pattern located preferentially on secondary veins near the edge of the leaves. electron microscopy of ultrathin sections and negatively stained purified virus preparations from symptom-bearing strawberry leaves revealed presence of different-sized isometric virions. particles of about 50 nm and 23 nm in diameter wer ... | 1999 | 10825923 |
| a fruit-specific plasma membrane aquaporin subtype pip1;1 is regulated during strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit ripening. | despite the advances in the physiology of fruit ripening, the role and contribution of water pathways are still barely considered. our aim was therefore to characterize aquaporins, proteins that render the molecular basis for putative regulatory mechanisms in water transport. we focused our work on strawberry (fragaria xananassa) fruit, a non-climacteric fruit of special interest because of its forced brief commercial shelf life. a full-length cdna was isolated with high homology with plasma mem ... | 2008 | 18248507 |
| isolation and purification of a 316 da preformed compound from strawberry (fragaria ananassa) leaves active against plant pathogens. | an antibiotic called fragarin showing activities against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens was isolated and purified by fplc chromatography from the soluble fraction of strawberry leaves. the molecular weight value determined by mass spectrometry is 316 da. fragarin remains fully active after protease treatment or alkaline hydrolysis at 100 degrees c for 20 min. biological and chemical analyses suggest that fragarin may be a new type of an antimicrobial preformed compound--phytoanticipin--and ... | 1999 | 10508928 |
| isolation of tobacco necrosis virus from strawberry leaves in the czech republic. | leaves of symptomless fragaria ananassa duch cv. cacanská raná were grafted onto fragaria vesca indicator clones. thirty-five of 72 grafted indicator plants developed leaf mottle symptoms. isometric virus-like particles were observed in purified preparations from symptomatic leaves of f. vesca. the latter were mechanically inoculated to herbaceous host plants. a virus was successfully purified from nicotiana occidentalis 37 b symptomatic plants by differential and sucrose density gradient centri ... | 1998 | 10358734 |
| high field nmr microscopic imaging of cultivated strawberry fruit. | the experimental conditions required for discrimination of various types of tissue in fruits of cultivated strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) at high fields (ca. 7 t) have been investigated. in marked contrast to soft fruits of other species, from which informative images have been derived at high fields using a variety of pulse sequences and acquisition parameters, appreciable image intensities from parenchymal and vascular tissues in healthy strawberry fruits were obtained only with a spin-echo ... | 1996 | 8847974 |
| effects of cultivar, fruit number and reflected photosynthetically active radiation on fragaria x ananassa productivity and fruit ellagic acid and ascorbic acid concentrations. | a number of strawberry varieties were surveyed for their total ellagic acid concentration, and attempts were made to determine if ellagic acid and ascorbic acid concentrations of two strawberry cultivars could be increased by polythene reflective mulches. | 2006 | 16423867 |
| isolation of cytochrome p450 inhibitors from strawberry fruit, fragaria ananassa. | a new glycoside, 2-beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4,6-dihydroxyisovalerophenone (3), was isolated from strawberry fruit along with kaempferol-3-beta-d-(6-o-trans-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside (1) and kaempferol-3-beta-d-(6-o-cis-p-coumaroyl)glucopyranoside (2). compounds 1 and 2 inhibited activity of a drug-metabolizing enzyme, cyp3a4. | 2004 | 15568772 |
| two-phase flavonoid formation in developing strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit. | flavonoids are important secondary metabolites in strawberry as they fulfill a wide variety of physiological functions. in addition, they are beneficial for human health. previous studies have shown for selected enzymes from the flavonoid pathway that flavonoid biosynthesis shows two peaks during fruit development. we provide optimized protocols for the determination of the activities of the key flavonoid enzymes: phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase/chalcone isomerase, flavanone 3-hyd ... | 2006 | 16478277 |
| inheritance of resistance to colletotrichum acutatum in fragaria x ananassa. | abstract anthracnose, caused by colletotrichum acutatum, is a major disease of the octoploid cultivated strawberry, fragaria x ananassa the inheritance of high and intermediate level plant resistances to c. acutatum, pathogenicity group 2, was investigated in an 8 x 8 factorial design. a single dominant gene (rca2) controlled the high-level resistance, although minor genes may also contribute to resistance in cultivars such as belrubi. the intermediate level of resistance was quantitative and co ... | 2005 | 18943043 |
| faqr, required for the biosynthesis of the strawberry flavor compound 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2h)-furanone, encodes an enone oxidoreductase. | the flavor of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit is dominated by an uncommon group of aroma compounds with a 2,5-dimethyl-3(h)-furanone structure. we report the characterization of an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2h)-furanone (hdmf; furaneol), the key flavor compound in strawberries. protein extracts were partially purified, and the observed distribution of enzymatic activity correlated with the presence of a single polypeptide of approximately 37 kd. seque ... | 2006 | 16517758 |
| molecular characterization of a stable antisense chalcone synthase phenotype in strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | an octaploid (fragaria x ananassa cv. calypso) genotype of strawberry was transformed with an antisense chalcone synthase (chs) gene construct using a ripening related chs cdna from fragaria x ananassa cv. elsanta under the control of the constitutive camv 35s promoter via agrobacterium tumefaciens. out of 25 transgenic lines, nine lines showed a reduction in chs mrna accumulation of more than 50% as compared to the untransformed cv. calypso control. the antisense chs construct was found to be i ... | 2006 | 16536589 |
| seasonal populations of pratylenchus penetrans and meloidogyne hapla in strawberry roots. | strawberry roots were sampled through the year to determine the populations and distribution of pratylenchus penetrans and meloidogyne hapla. three strawberry root types were sampled-structural roots; feeder roots without secondary tissues; and suberized, black perennial roots. both lesion and root-knot nematodes primarily infected feeder roots from structural roots or healthy perennial roots. few nematodes were recovered from soil, diseased roots, or suberized roots. lesion nematode recovery wa ... | 2002 | 19265965 |
| effects of site and plant species on rhizosphere community structure as revealed by molecular analysis of microbial guilds. | the bacterial and fungal rhizosphere communities of strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.) and oilseed rape (brassica napus l.) were analysed using molecular fingerprints. we aimed to determine to what extent the structure of different microbial groups in the rhizosphere is influenced by plant species and sampling site. total community dna was extracted from bulk and rhizosphere soil taken from three sites in germany in two consecutive years. bacterial, fungal and group-specific (alphaproteobacter ... | 2006 | 16629753 |
| effects of pratylenchus penetrans and rhizoctonia fragariae on vigor and yield of strawberry. | microplot and small field-plot experiments were conducted to determine the effects of pratylenchus penetrans on strawberry yield over several seasons and to evaluate the effects of nematode control on strawberry vigor and yield. pratylenchus penetrans alone or in combination with the black root rot pathogen, rhizoctonia fragariae, reduced strawberry yield in microplots over time. there were no differences in effects on yield among r. fragariae anastomosis groups a, g, or i. the interaction of th ... | 1999 | 19270914 |
| survey of crop losses in response to phytoparasitic nematodes in the united states for 1994. | previous reports of crop losses to plant-parasitic nematodes have relied on published results of survey data based on certain commodities, including tobacco, peanuts, cotton, and soybean. reports on crop-loss assessment by land-grant universities and many commodity groups generally are no longer available, with the exception of the university of georgia, the beltwide cotton conference, and selected groups concerned with soybean. the society of nematologists extension committee contacted extensio ... | 1999 | 19270925 |
| evaluation of predatory mites and acramite for control of twospotted spider mites in strawberries in north central florida. | greenhouse and field experiments were conducted from 2003 to 2005 to determine the effectiveness of two predatory mite species, phytoseiulus persimilis athias-henriot and neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor), and a reduced-risk miticide, acramite 50 wp (bifenazate), for control of twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch, in strawberries (fragaria x ananassa duchesne). in greenhouse tests, three treatments consisting of releases of p. persimilis, n. californicus, and an untreated control w ... | 2006 | 16937684 |
| cloning and sequencing of the bet v 1-homologous allergen fra a 1 in strawberry (fragaria ananassa) shows the presence of an intron and little variability in amino acid sequence. | the fra a 1 allergen in strawberry (fragaria ananassa) is homologous to the major birch pollen allergen bet v 1, which has numerous isoforms differing in terms of amino acid sequence and immunological impact. to map the extent of sequence differences in the fra a 1 allergen, pcr cloning and sequencing was applied. several genomic sequences of fra a 1, with a length of either 584, 591 or 594 nucleotides, were obtained from three different strawberry varieties. all contained one intron, with the l ... | 2007 | 16945416 |
| strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | genetic transformation in strawberry (fragaria spp.) can be achieved by using the agrobacterium-mediated procedure on leaves from in vitro proliferated shoots. regardless of the sufficient regeneration levels achieved from leaf explants of some commercial strawberry genotypes, the regeneration of transformed strawberry plants remains difficult and seems to be strongly genotype dependent. in fact, the main factors that play an important role in the success of strawberry genetic transformation are ... | 2006 | 17033071 |
| molecular interaction between methylobacterium extorquens and seedlings: growth promotion, methanol consumption, and localization of the methanol emission site. | four methylobacterium extorquens strains were isolated from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa cv. elsanta) leaves, and one strain, called me4, was tested for its ability to promote the growth of various plant seedlings. seedling weight and shoot length of nicotiana tabacum, lycopersicon esculentum, sinapis alba, and fragaria vesca increased significantly in the presence of the pink-pigmented facultative methylotroph (ppfm), but the germination behaviour of seeds from six other plants was not affec ... | 2006 | 17043084 |
| rnai-induced silencing of gene expression in strawberry fruit (fragaria x ananassa) by agroinfiltration: a rapid assay for gene function analysis. | intron-containing constructs encoding self-complementary 'hairpin' rna (ihprna) have the potential to efficiently silence genes in a range of plant species. in this study we demonstrate the silencing of a ripening-related chalcone synthase (chs) gene in strawberry fruits (fragaria x ananassa cv. elsanta) by a construct (ihprna) containing the partial sense and corresponding antisense sequences of chs separated by an intron obtained from a f. x ananassa quinone oxidoreductase gene. an agrobacteri ... | 2006 | 17092319 |
| expression of plant flavor genes in lactococcus lactis. | lactic acid bacteria, such as lactococcus lactis, are attractive hosts for the production of plant-bioactive compounds because of their food grade status, efficient expression, and metabolic engineering tools. two genes from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa), encoding an alcohol acyltransferase (saat) and a linalool/nerolidol synthase (fanes), were cloned in l. lactis and actively expressed using the nisin-induced expression system. the specific activity of saat could be improved threefold (up to ... | 2007 | 17209074 |
| 'candidatus phytoplasma fragariae', a novel phytoplasma taxon discovered in yellows diseased strawberry, fragaria x ananassa. | symptoms of general stunting and yellowing of leaves were observed in diseased cultivated strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duchesne) in lithuania. analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences amplified by pcr indicated that the symptoms were associated with infection by a phytoplasma, designated strawberry yellows (strawy) phytoplasma. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that strawy phytoplasma, 'candidatus phytoplasma australiense', 'candidatus phytoplasma asteris', stolbur phytopl ... | 2006 | 16403898 |
| production of transgenic strawberries by temporary immersion bioreactor system and verification by tail-pcr. | strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) is an economically important soft fruit crop with polyploid genome which complicates the breeding of new cultivars. for certain traits, genetic engineering offers a potential alternative to traditional breeding. however, many strawberry varieties are quite recalcitrant for agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and a method allowing easy handling of large amounts of starting material is needed. also the genotyping of putative transformants is challenging since th ... | 2007 | 17309794 |
| assessment of antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of selected malaysian plants. | thirteen malaysian plants; artocarpus champeden, azadirachta indica, fragaria x ananassa, garcinia mangostana, lawsonia inermis, mangifera indica, nephelium lappaceum, nephelium mutobile, peltophorum pterocarpum, psidium guajava and syzygium aqueum, selected for their use in traditional medicine, were subjected to a variety of assays. antioxidant capability, total phenolic content, elemental composition, as well as it cytotoxity to several cell lines of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from di ... | 2010 | 20428033 |
| functional characterization of enone oxidoreductases from strawberry and tomato fruit. | fragaria x ananassa enone oxidoreductase (faeo), earlier putatively assigned as quinone oxidoreductase, is a ripening-induced, negatively auxin-regulated enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2h)-furanone (hdmf), the key flavor compound in strawberry fruit by the reduction of the alpha,beta-unsaturated bond of the highly reactive precursor 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-methylene-3(2h)-furanone (hmmf). here we show that recombinant faeo does not reduce the double bond of straight ... | 2007 | 17636940 |
| biological control of twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae, with predatory mite, neoseiulus californicus, in strawberries. | greenhouse and field experiments were conducted from 2005 to 2007 to determine the effectiveness of different release times with the predatory mite, neoseiulus californicus (mcgregor), for control of the twospotted spider mite (tssm), tetranychus urticae koch, in strawberries (fragaria x ananassa duchesne). the effect of n. californicus releases over time and on development of tssm populations during a growing season were evaluated. our hypothesis was that repeated applications of n. californicu ... | 2007 | 17924197 |
| antimicrobial effect of electrolyzed oxidizing water against escherichia coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes on fresh strawberries (fragaria x ananassa). | antibacterial activity of electrolyzed oxidizing (eo) water prepared from 0.05% or 0.10% (w/v) sodium chloride (nacl) solutions against indigenous bacteria associated with fresh strawberries (fragaria x ananassa) was evaluated. the efficacy of eo water and sodium hypochlorite (naocl) solution in eliminating and controlling the growth of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 inoculated onto strawberries stored at 4 +/- 1 degrees c up to 15 d was investigated at exposure time of 1, 5 ... | 2007 | 18034734 |
| effect of water deficit irrigation and inoculation with botrytis cinerea on strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit quality. | deficit irrigation (di) detrimentally affected berry size but had a profound effect on fruit physiology and biochemistry. strawberry cv. elsanta fruit from di-treated plants had higher levels of abscisic acid (aba). dry matter content as a proportion of fresh weight was increased by a quarter in fruit from water-stressed plants as compared to fruit harvested from plants held at or near field capacity. concomitant to this, the concentration of some taste-related (viz. monosaccharides and sugar/ac ... | 2007 | 18052034 |
| partial demethylation of oligogalacturonides by pectin methyl esterase 1 is required for eliciting defence responses in wild strawberry (fragaria vesca). | in addition to the role of the cell wall as a physical barrier against pathogens, some of its constituents, such as pectin-derived oligogalacturonides (oga), are essential components for elicitation of defence responses. to investigate how modifications of pectin alter defence responses, we expressed the fruit-specific fragaria x ananassa pectin methyl esterase fape1 in the wild strawberry fragaria vesca. pectin from transgenic ripe fruits differed from the wild-type with regard to the degree an ... | 2008 | 18088306 |
| berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease. | an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ... | 2008 | 18211023 |
| isolation and identification of strawberry phenolics with antioxidant and human cancer cell antiproliferative properties. | studies suggest that consumption of berry fruits, including strawberries ( fragaria x ananassa duch.), may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cancer. berries contain multiple phenolic compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. comprehensive profiling of phenolics from strawberries was previously reported using high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (hplc-ms) detection. the current study reports the iso ... | 2008 | 18211028 |
| cloning, expression and immunolocalization pattern of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa cv. chandler). | cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cad; ec 1.1.1.195) catalyses the conversion of p-hydroxy-cinnamaldehydes to the corresponding alcohols and is considered a key enzyme in lignin biosynthesis. by a differential screening of a strawberry (fragariax ananassa cv. chandler) fruit specific subtractive cdna library, a full-length clone corresponding to a cad gene was isolated (fxacad1). northern blot and quantitative real time pcr studies indicated that the strawberry fxacad1 gene is expressed in fruits, ... | 2002 | 12147722 |
| vermicompost substitution influences growth, physiological disorders, fruit yield and quality of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.). | studies were conducted to determine the effect of vermicompost on growth, physiological disorders, fruit yield and quality of 'chandler' strawberry. for this, 4 levels of vermicompost (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0tha(-1)) were supplemented with inorganic fertilizers to balance fertilizer requirement of strawberry under semi-arid region of northern india. the vermicompost was incorporated into top 10cm layer of soil, which was supplemented on the basis of chemical analysis, with amount of inorganic n, ... | 2008 | 18490155 |
| genetic diversity of pto-like serine/threonine kinase disease resistance genes in cultivated and wild strawberries. | degenerate oligonucleotide primers, designed based on conserved regions of several serine-threonine kinases (stk) previously cloned in tomato and arabidopsis, were used to isolate stk candidates in wild and cultivated strawberries. seven distinct classes of stks were identified from three related wild species, i.e., fragaria vesca, fragaria chiloensis, and potentilla tucumanensis, and seven different fragaria x ananassa cultivars. alignment of the deduced amino acid sequences and the pto r prote ... | 2008 | 18618068 |
| cpfbpaseii, a novel redox-independent chloroplastic isoform of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. | a full-length fbpase cdna has been isolated from fragaria x ananassa (strawberry) corresponding to a novel putative chloroplastic fbpase but lacking the regulatory redox domain, a characteristic of the plastidial isoenzyme (cpfbpasei). another outstanding feature of this novel isoform, called cpfbpaseii, is the absence of the canonical active site. enzymatic assays with cpfbpaseii evidenced clear mg(2+)-dependent fbpase activity and a k(m) for fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (fbp) of 1.3 mm. immunoloc ... | 2009 | 19220782 |
| comparison of pratylenchus penetrans infection and maladera castanea feeding on strawberry root rot. | the interaction of lesion nematodes, black root rot disease caused by rhizoctonia fragariae, and root damage caused by feeding of the scarab larva, maladera castanea, was determined in greenhouse studies. averaged over all experiments after 12 weeks, root weight was reduced 13% by r. fragariae and 20% by m. castanea. the percentage of the root system affected by root rot was increased by inoculation with either r. fragariae (35% more disease) or p. penetrans (50% more disease) but was unaffected ... | 2005 | 19262852 |
| interaction of pratylenchus penetrans and rhizoctonia fragariae in strawberry black root rot. | a split-root technique was used to examine the interaction between pratylenchus penetrans and the cortical root-rotting pathogen rhizoctonia fragariae in strawberry black root rot. plants inoculated with both pathogens on the same half of a split-root crown had greater levels of root rot than plants inoculated separately or with either pathogen alone. isolation of r. fragariae from field-grown roots differed with root type and time of sampling. fungal infection of structural roots was low until ... | 2003 | 19265969 |
| influence of rotation crops on the strawberry pathogens pratylenchus penetrans, meloidogyne hapla, and rhizoctonia fragariae. | field microplot, small plot, and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effects of rotation crops on pratylenchus penetrans, meloidogyne hapla, and rhizoctonia fragariae populations. extraction of p. penetrans from roots and soil in microplots and field plots planted to rotation crops was highest for garry oat, lowest for triple s sorgho-sudangrass and saia oat, and intermediate for strawberry, buckwheat, and canola. isolation of r. fragariae from bait roots was highest for straw ... | 1999 | 19270931 |
| strawberry cultivars vary in their resistance to northern lesion nematode. | the genetic diversity of commercial cultivars of strawberry fragaria x ananassa from various parentages, as expressed by their resistance to the northem lesion nematode pratylenchus penetrans, was evaluated in nematode-infested field plots for two growing seasons. data taken for each plant in each season included soil nematode pi and pf, end-of-season nematode numbers in each entire root system, and end-of-season fresh and dry top weight and whole root system weight. resistance was estimated usi ... | 1998 | 19274249 |
| stilbene synthase gene transfer caused alterations in the phenylpropanoid metabolism of transgenic strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | the gene encoding stilbene synthase is frequently used to modify plant secondary metabolism with the aim of producing the self-defence phytoalexin resveratrol. in this study, strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) was transformed with the ns-vitis3 gene encoding stilbene synthase from frost grape (vitis riparia) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s and the floral filament-specific fil1 promoters. changes in leaf metabolites were investigated with uplc-qtof-ms (ultra performance liquid ... | 2009 | 19443619 |
| evidence for a positive regulatory role of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fa wrky1 and arabidopsis at wrky75 proteins in resistance. | knowledge of the molecular basis of plant resistance to pathogens in species other than arabidopsis is limited. the function of fa wrky1, the first wrky gene isolated from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa), an important agronomical fruit crop, has been investigated here. fa wrky1 encodes a iic wrky transcription factor and is up-regulated in strawberry following colletotrichum acutatum infection, treatments with elicitors, and wounding. its arabidopsis sequence homologue, at wrky75, has been desc ... | 2009 | 19470657 |
| down-regulation of the strawberry bet v 1-homologous allergen in concert with the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in colorless strawberry mutant. | proteomic screening of strawberry (fragaria ananassa) yielded a 58% success rate in protein identification in spite of the fact that no genomic sequence is available for this species. this was achieved by a combination of maldi-ms/ms de novo sequencing of double-derivatized peptides and indel-tolerant searching against local protein databases built on both est and full-length nucleotide sequences. the amino acid sequence of a strawberry allergen, homologous to the well-known major birch pollen a ... | 2006 | 16447153 |
| breeding strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch) to increase fruit nutritional quality. | in the last few years the nutritional value of fruit has been widely studied and requested by the consumers, especially for protection against cardiovascular events, cancer and others as well as for the general health benefits it can provide. these benefits can be ascribed mainly to the total antioxidant capacity (tac) of fruit which is determined by a complex combination of bioactive compounds, generally related to specific characteristics of the genotype and of its interaction with the environ ... | 2008 | 19706973 |
| pre- and post-agroinfection strategies for efficient leaf disk transformation and regeneration of transgenic strawberry plants. | following previously described agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation procedures for fragaria x ananassa duch. 'chandler', we undertook several experiments to establish the importance of some parameters affecting transformation. the most important factor that increased the percent recovery of transformants was the introduction of a pre-selection phase, in-between co-cultivation and selection, in which leaf disks were cultured on pre-selection regeneration medium containing validamycin ... | 2010 | 19956955 |
| purification and characterization of ases protein: a subtilisin secreted by acremonium strictum is a novel plant defense elicitor. | in this work, the purification and characterization of an extracellular elicitor protein, designated ases, produced by an avirulent isolate of the strawberry pathogen acremonium strictum, are reported. the defense eliciting activity present in culture filtrates was recovered and purified by ultrafiltration (cutoff, 30 kda), anionic exchange (q-sepharose, ph 7.5), and hydrophobic interaction (phenyl-sepharose) chromatographies. two-dimensional sds-page of the purified active fraction revealed a s ... | 2013 | 23530047 |
| the strawberry fruit fra a allergen functions in flavonoid biosynthesis. | the strawberry fra a 1 allergen is a homolog of the major birch pollen allergen bet v 1. it is synthesized by red ripe fruits of fragaria x ananassa while white fruits of a mutant genotype, which is known to be tolerated by individuals affected by allergy, are devoid of it. proteomic analyses have shown that fra a 1 is down-regulated in the tolerated white-fruited genotype along with enzymes of the anthocyanin pigment pathway. in this study, we report the spatial and temporal expression of three ... | 2010 | 19969523 |
| redirection of anthocyanin synthesis in osteospermum hybrida by a two-enzyme manipulation strategy. | modern biotechnology has developed powerful tools for genetic engineering and flower colours are an excellent object to study possibilities and limitations of engineering strategies. osteospermum hybrida became a popular ornamental plant within the last 20 years. many cultivars display rose to lilac flower colours mainly based on delphinidin-derived anthocyanins. the predominant synthesis of delphinidin derivatives is referred to a strong endogenous flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (f3'5'h) activity. ... | 2007 | 17286993 |
| inhibitory effects of flavonoids isolated from fragaria ananassa duch on ige-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3. | we isolated the 4 kinds of flavonoids from strawberry 'nohime' and examined the effect of these flavonoids on the degranulation in rbl-2h3 cells. the flavonoids were found to suppress the degranulation from ag-stimulated rbl-2h3 cells to different extents. to disclose the inhibitory mechanism of degranulation by flavonoids, we examined their effects on the intracellular free ca(2+) concentration ([ca(2+)]i) and the intracellular signaling pathway such as lyn, syk, and plcgammas. the intracellula ... | 2009 | 19596200 |
| evaluation of antiproliferative, anti-type 2 diabetes, and antihypertension potentials of ellagitannins from strawberries (fragaria × ananassa duch.) using in vitro models. | strawberries represent the main source of ellagic acid derivatives in the brazilian diet, corresponding to more than 50% of all phenolic compounds found in the fruit. there is a particular interest in the determination of the ellagic acid content in fruits because of possible chemopreventive benefits. in the present study, the potential health benefits of purified ellagitannins from strawberries were evaluated in relation to the antiproliferative activity and in vitro inhibition of α-amylase, α- ... | 2010 | 20626254 |
| phenolic constituents isolated from fragaria ananassa duch. inhibit antigen-stimulated degranulation through direct inhibition of spleen tyrosine kinase activation. | we isolated eight phenolic constituents from fragaria ananassa duch. (strawberry) and determined their structures using 1d, 2d-nmr. among the isolated compounds, linocinnamarin (ln), 1-o-trans-cinnamoyl-beta-d-glucopyranose (cg), and cinnamic acid (ca) exhibited antigen (ag)-stimulated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3 cells. in order to reveal the underlying mechanisms, we examined the effects of ln and ca on cellular responses induced by antigen stimulation. treatment with both ... | 2010 | 20663674 |
| prooxidant/antioxidant ratio (proantidex) as a better index of net free radical scavenging potential. | the antioxidant activity of several malaysian plant extracts was analyzed simultaneously with their pro-oxidant capacity. this ratio represents an index (proantidex) of the net free radical scavenging ability of whole plant extracts. we observed that ethanolic extracts of nephelium lappaceum peel, fragaria x ananassa leaf, lawsonia inermis leaf, syzygium aqueum leaf and grape seed had a lower pro-antidex than the commercially available emblica™ extract which is an antioxidant agent with very low ... | 2010 | 21060296 |
| redirection of flavonoid biosynthesis through the down-regulation of an anthocyanidin glucosyltransferase in ripening strawberry fruit. | strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit contains several anthocyanins that give the ripe fruits their attractive red color. the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of the first stable intermediate in the anthocyanin pathway is anthocyanidin-3-o-glucosyltransferase. a putative glycosyltransferase sequence (fagt1) was cloned from a strawberry fruit cdna library and the recombinant fagt1 transferred udp-glucose to anthocyanidins and, to a lesser extent, flavonols, generating the respective 3-o-gluco ... | 2008 | 18258692 |
| in vitro selection in resistance breeding of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.). | genetic resistance to pathogenetic soil-borne fungus verticillium dahliae kleb. was examined in two strawberry somaclones. strawberry somaclones were obtained in sterile culture from runner tips of cultivars 'merton dawn' and 'selva'. in vitro selection was performed with the use of homogenate of liquid cultures of verticillium dahliae. microplants of both somaclones were inoculated at stage of 4. leaves. disease symptoms were observed at 15., 30., 45., 60. and 75. days post inoculation. extent ... | 2010 | 21534479 |
| response of six strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) cultivars to the root lesion nematode (pratylenchus penetrans filipjev and schurmanns stekhoven). | in the philippines, strawberry is grown only in benguet province because of its unique climatic conditions. it has been a lucrative source of income for benguet farmers and adds to the revenue of benguet province. the root lesion nematode, pratylenchus penetrans is an economically important pest of strawberry in the area. it can cause substantial losses to strawberry growers, both by reducing vegetative plant growth and by reducing strawberry yields. the nematode has a very wide host range and h ... | 2010 | 21539269 |
| [effects of foliar spraying da-6 on the photosynthetic rate and plant growth of strawberry in autumn]. | with strawberry ' french 3' (fragaria x ananassa duch cv. french 3) as test material, this paper studied the effects of foliar spraying da-6 at the rates of 10, 20 and 30 mg x l(-1) in late autumn on its seedlings net photosynthetic rate, metabolism of reactive oxygen species, and plant growth. compared with the control, foliar spraying da-6 of 20 and 30 mg x l(-1) increased the net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a and b contents, and sod and cat activities significantly, and decreased the rea ... | 2007 | 18333446 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by penicillium pinophilum improve the growth, nutrient uptake and photosynthesis of strawberry with two inoculum-types. | penicillium pinophilum was isolated from the soil in a commercial strawberry field. the strain readily formed arbuscular mycorrhizae (am) with the roots of strawberry 'zoji' (fragaria x ananassa duch. cv.) when plants were inoculated with either fresh cultured hyphae or root/soil mixtures. fresh hyphae, however, resulted in higher amounts of colonization than root/soil inoculum. compared with uninoculated strawberries, inoculation increased plant dry weight by 31%, as well as nitrogen content (4 ... | 2008 | 18483699 |
| gibberellin biosynthesis and signalling during development of the strawberry receptacle. | the enlargement of receptacle cells during strawberry (fragaria × ananassa) fruit development is a critical factor determining fruit size, with the increase in cell expansion being one of the most important physiological processes regulated by the phytohormone gibberellin (ga). here, we studied the role of ga during strawberry fruit development by analyzing the endogenous content of bioactive gas and the expression of key components of ga signalling and metabolism. bioactive ga(1) , ga(3) and ga ... | 2011 | 21443649 |
| influence of cultivation system on bioactive molecules synthesis in strawberries: spin-off on antioxidant and antiproliferative activity. | strawberries (fragaria ananassa l., cv. favette) were studied to investigate the influence of cultivation practices (biodynamic, conventional) on the synthesis of bioactive molecules (ascorbic acid, ellagic acid, anthocyanins, flavonols) and to evaluate their antioxidant activity. additionally, the in vitro bioactivity, in terms of antioxidant and antiproliferative activity, of the same strawberry samples in human colon carcinoma (caco-2) cells was also studied. compared to conventional strawber ... | 2010 | 20492158 |
| infection of hairy roots of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. | hairy root cultures of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch.) were induced with the agrobacterium rhizogenes strain a4. cultures were maintained on b50 medium but could also grow on a minimal medium, which did not inhibit the growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. the growth and nutrient uptake were characterized in shake flasks and in a bioreactor. spores of the native finnish arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus fistulosum v128 were used to infect strawberry (fragaria x ananassa duch. 'senga ... | 1995 | 24185521 |
| polyphenol composition in the ripe fruits of fragaria species and transcriptional analyses of key genes in the pathway. | polyphenolics are important secondary metabolites in strawberry as they fulfill a wide variety of physiological functions and are beneficial to human health. seventeen structurally well-defined phenolic compounds including phenylpropanoids, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins were individually analyzed by lc-ms in the ripe fruits of two cultivars of the commercial strawberry (fragaria × ananassa duch., rosaceae) as well as in accessions of f. vesca, f. moschata, and f. chiloensis. metaboli ... | 2011 | 22017182 |
| isolation of a strawberry gene fragment encoding an actin depolymerizing factor-like protein from genotypes resistant to colletotrichum acutatum. | actin depolymerizing factors (adfs) have been recently implicated in plant defense against pathogenic fungi, associated with the cytoskeletal rearrangements that contribute to establish an effective barrier against fungal ingress. in this work, we identified a dna fragment corresponding to a part of a gene predicted to encode an adf-like protein in genotypes of fragaria ananassa resistant to the fungus colletotrichum acutatum. bulked segregant analysis combined with aflp was used to identify pol ... | 2011 | 22107362 |
| abscisic acid plays an important role in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening. | the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) has been suggested to play a role in fruit development, but supporting genetic evidence has been lacking. here, we report that aba promotes strawberry (fragaria ananassa) fruit ripening. using a newly established tobacco rattle virus-induced gene silencing technique in strawberry fruit, the expression of a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase gene (fanced1), which is key to aba biosynthesis, was down-regulated, resulting in a significant decrease in aba levels ... | 2011 | 21734113 |
| cultivars, culture conditions, and harvest time influence phenolic and ascorbic acid contents and antioxidant capacity of strawberry (fragaria x ananassa). | strawberries are a good source of micronutrients, especially antioxidant phenolics. more information is needed to better exploit the health-promoting effect of such fruits. several studies focused on the effects of genotype, cultural practices, and seasonal variation on the antioxidant potential of strawberries, but often yielding contradictory results and/or focusing on only 1 source of variability. in the present study, we showed that total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, and antioxidant ca ... | 2012 | 22251305 |
| innovative microwave-assisted hydrolysis of ellagitannins and quantification as ellagic acid equivalents. | the health-promoting effects of ellagic acid and its intestinal degradation products are well-known. in plants, ellagic acid mainly appears in the form of its precursors, the so-called ellagitannins. therefore, determination of total ellagic acid content has been accomplished by cleaving ellagitannins with high temperatures and strong acids. microwave-assisted extraction (mae) has been shown to be a very effective and quick extraction technique. the aim of the present study was to establish an m ... | 2012 | 23497905 |
| Histochemical screening, metabolite profiling and expression analysis reveal Rosaceae roots as the site of flavan-3-ol biosynthesis. | Histochemical screening of 30 Rosaceae genera representing all classic subfamilies demonstrated flavan-3-ols (catechins) as general secondary metabolites in roots of Rosaceae. Semi-quantitative LC-MS analyses confirmed the presence of catechin, epicatechin and various dimeric flavan-3-ols (also representing higher polymeric proanthocyanidins) as prominent polyphenols in root tips of Fragaria (strawberry), Malus (apple), Rosa (rose), Pyrus (pear) and Prunus (plum). Distinct patterns of flavan-3-o ... | 2012 | 21973223 |
| multi-substrate flavonol o-glucosyltransferases from strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) achene and receptacle. | in an effort to characterize fruit ripening-related genes functionally, two glucosyltransferases, fagt6 and fagt7, were cloned from a strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) cdna library and the full-length open reading frames were amplified by rapid amplification of cdna ends. fagt6 and fagt7 were expressed heterologously as fusion proteins in escherichia coli and target protein was purified using affinity chromatography. both recombinant enzymes exhibited a broad substrate tolerance in vitro, accepti ... | 2008 | 18487633 |
| arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting pseudomonads increases anthocyanin concentration in strawberry fruits (fragaria x ananassa var. selva) in conditions of reduced fertilization. | anthocyanins are a group of common phenolic compounds in plants. they are mainly detected in flowers and fruits, are believed to play different important roles such as in the attraction of animals and seed dispersal, and also in the increase of the antioxidant response in tissues directly or indirectly affected by biotic or abiotic stress factors. as a major group of secondary metabolites in plants commonly consumed as food, they are of importance in both the food industry and human nutrition. i ... | 2013 | 23924942 |
| an apple fruit fermentation (aff) treatment improves the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community and growth of strawberry (fragaria × ananassa duch 'benihoppe') seedlings. | plant growth can be promoted by the application of apple fruit fermentation (aff), despite unclear of the underlying mechanisms, the effects involved in aff on rhizosphere microorganisms have been hypothesized. we investigated the consequences of applying aff alone or in combination with bacillus licheniformis to strawberry tissue culture seedlings in vitro, the analyses of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and 16s rdna were performed to determine aff effects on rhizosphere. moreove ... | 2016 | 27755580 |
| cinnamate metabolism in ripening fruit. characterization of a udp-glucose:cinnamate glucosyltransferase from strawberry. | strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) fruit accumulate (hydroxy)cinnamoyl glucose (glc) esters, which may serve as the biogenetic precursors of diverse secondary metabolites, such as the flavor constituents methyl cinnamate and ethyl cinnamate. here, we report on the isolation of a cdna encoding a udp-glc:cinnamate glucosyltransferase (fragaria x ananassa glucosyltransferase 2 [fagt2]) from ripe strawberry cv elsanta that catalyzes the formation of 1-o-acyl-glc esters of cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, ... | 2006 | 16443693 |
| antisense down-regulation of the fapg1 gene reveals an unexpected central role for polygalacturonase in strawberry fruit softening. | the strawberry (fragaria x ananassa 'chandler') fruit undergoes a fast softening during ripening. polygalacturonase (pg) activity is low during this process, but two ripening-related pg genes, fapg1 and fapg2, have been cloned. both genes were up-regulated during fruit ripening and were also negatively regulated by auxin. to further assess the role of fapg1 on strawberry softening, transgenic plants containing an antisense sequence of this gene under the control of the 35s promoter (apg lines) w ... | 2009 | 19395408 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of strawberry calli and recovery of transgenic plants. | transformed calli and shoots of strawberry (fragaria × ananassa duch.) cv. redcoat were obtained using agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying plasmid pb1121. inoculated leaf explants produced transgenic calli at a frequency of 3% on selection medium containing 50 μg/ml kanamycin. twenty per cent of selected caili regenerated, giving rise to transgenic shoots. all transgenic calli and shoots expressed substantial amounts of gus and npt-ii activity. the southern blot analysis confirmed the insertion o ... | 1990 | 24226368 |
| physiological, structural and molecular traits activated in strawberry plants after inoculation with the plant growth-promoting bacterium azospirillum brasilense rec3. | the plant growth-promoting strain rec3 of azospirillum brasilense, isolated from strawberry roots, prompts growth promotion and systemic protection against anthracnose disease in this crop. hence, we hypothesised that a. brasilense rec3 can induce different physiological, structural and molecular responses in strawberry plants. therefore, the aim of this work was to study these traits activated in azospirillum-colonised strawberry plants, which have not been assessed until now. healthy, in vitro ... | 2015 | 25280241 |
| elemental composition of strawberry plants inoculated with the plant growth-promoting bacterium azospirillum brasilense rec3, assessed with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray analysis. | the elemental composition of strawberry plants (fragaria ananassa cv. macarena) inoculated with the plant growth-promoting bacterium azospirillum brasilense rec3, and non-inoculated controls, was studied using scanning electron microscopy (sem) and energy dispersive x-ray (eds) analysis. this allowed simultaneous semi-quantification of different elements in a small, solid sample. plants were inoculated and grown hydroponically in 50% or 100% hoagland solution, corresponding to limited or optimum ... | 2014 | 24148195 |
| polyphenols variation in fruits of the susceptible strawberry cultivar alba during ripening and upon fungal pathogen interaction and possible involvement in unripe fruit tolerance. | strawberry (fragaria × ananassa) fruit contains high concentrations of health-promoting phenolic compounds, playing important roles for the fruit ontogenic tolerance to fungi. in the highly susceptible cultivar alba, the two major strawberry fungal pathogens, colletotrichum acutatum and botrytis cinerea, displayed disease symptoms only at red ripe stages because immature fruits are tolerant to diseases. we analyzed and compared the variation of 47 polyphenols in the surface of unripe and ripe al ... | 2016 | 26895094 |
| preharvest treatments with chitosan and other alternatives to conventional fungicides to control postharvest decay of strawberry. | the effectiveness of the control of postharvest decay of strawberry (fragaria × ananassa, 'alba' and 'romina' cvs.) fruit following field applications of chitosan, laminarin, extracts of abies spp., polygonum spp., and saccharomyces spp., an organic acids and calcium combination, and benzothiadiazole, were compared with a fungicide strategy. these compounds were sprayed every 5 days on the strawberry canopy, from flowering to ripening, in 2012 and 2013. the treatments with alternative compounds ... | 2015 | 26256331 |
| overexpression of the carbohydrate binding module of strawberry expansin2 in arabidopsis thaliana modifies plant growth and cell wall metabolism. | several cell wall enzymes are carbohydrate active enzymes that contain a putative carbohydrate binding module (cbm) in their structures. the main function of these non-catalitic modules is to facilitate the interaction between the enzyme and its substrate. expansins are non-hydrolytic proteins present in the cell wall, and their structure includes a cbm in the c-terminal that bind to cell wall polymers such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectins. we studied the ability of the expansin2 cbm (cb ... | 2015 | 25837738 |
| strawberry cultivar identification based on hypervariable ssr markers. | we genotyped strawberry cultivars by two newly selected and two previously reported ssr markers. all four markers produced interpretable electropherograms from 75 accessions consisting of 72 fragaria × ananassa cultivars or lines and three octoploid fragaria species accessions. these ssr markers were highly polymorphic; in particular, one of the newly developed markers, fxahga02p13, was capable of distinguishing all of the accessions except for a mutant strain that was derived from another acces ... | 2011 | 23136480 |
| a multiphasic approach for the identification of endophytic bacterial in strawberry fruit and their potential for plant growth promotion. | this study used a multiphasic approach, characterized by the simultaneous use of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods, to investigate endophytic bacterial communities in strawberry (fragaria ananassa) fruit. a total of 92 bacterial endophytes were isolated and initially grouped by their repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr banding pattern and biochemical features. phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequences of 45 representatives showed that the isolates belonged to t ... | 2011 | 21837472 |
| unfoldome variation upon plant-pathogen interactions: strawberry infection by colletotrichum acutatum. | intrinsically disordered proteins (idps) are proteins that lack secondary and/or tertiary structure under physiological conditions. these proteins are very abundant in eukaryotic proteomes and play crucial roles in all molecular mechanisms underlying the response to environmental challenges. in plants, different idps involved in stress response have been identified and characterized. nevertheless, a comprehensive evaluation of protein disorder in plant proteomes under abiotic or biotic stresses ... | 2015 | 26245354 |
| expression of the β-1,3-glucanase gene bgn13.1 from trichoderma harzianum in strawberry increases tolerance to crown rot diseases but interferes with plant growth. | the expression of antifungal genes from trichoderma harzianum, mainly chitinases, has been used to confer plant resistance to fungal diseases. however, the biotechnological potential of glucanase genes from trichoderma has been scarcely assessed. in this research, transgenic strawberry plants expressing the β-1,3-glucanase gene bgn13.1 from t. harzianum, under the control of the camv35s promoter, have been generated. after acclimatization, five out of 12 independent lines analysed showed a stunt ... | 2015 | 26178245 |
| molecular diversity of anthracnose pathogen populations associated with uk strawberry production suggests multiple introductions of three different colletotrichum species. | fragaria × ananassa (common name: strawberry) is a globally cultivated hybrid species belonging to rosaceae family. colletotrichum acutatum sensu lato (s.l.) is considered to be the second most economically important pathogen worldwide affecting strawberries. a collection of 148 colletotrichum spp. isolates including 67 c. acutatum s.l. isolates associated with the phytosanitary history of uk strawberry production were used to characterize multi-locus genetic variation of this pathogen in the uk ... | 2015 | 26086351 |
| the mannose-binding lectin gene fambl1 is involved in the resistance of unripe strawberry fruits to colletotrichum acutatum. | the fungal pathogen colletotrichum acutatum is the causal agent of strawberry (fragaria × ananassa) anthracnose. although the fungus can infect strawberry fruits at both unripe and ripe stages, the symptoms appear only on red ripe fruits. on white unripe fruits, the pathogen becomes quiescent as melanized appressoria after 24 h of interaction. previous transcriptome analysis has indicated that a mannose-binding lectin (mbl) gene is the most up-regulated gene in 24-h-infected white strawberries, ... | 2014 | 24690196 |