| somatic mosaicism in plants with special reference to somatic crossing over. | plant systems in use for the detection of environmental mutagens appear capable of detecting all types of genetic effects which can be studied in animals. the study of somatic mosaicism, however, is better developed in plants than in higher animals. a case is presented here which shows the ability of plant systems in analyzing a host of genetic end points, including chromosome aberrations like deletions, somatic crossing over, numerical inequality, gene conversion, paramutations and point mutati ... | 1978 | 367771 |
| pollen-specific expression of the arabidopsis thaliana alpha 1-tubulin promoter assayed by beta-glucuronidase, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and diphtheria toxin reporter genes. | we have characterized the promoter specificity of the arabidopsis thaliana alpha 1-tubulin (alpha 1-tub) gene by studying expression patterns of gene fusions between the 2.2 kbp 5' upstream region of the alpha 1-tub gene and each of three different reporters: chloramphenical acetyltransferase, beta-glucuronidase or the diphtheria toxin chain a gene. analysis of transgenic tobacco and arabidopsis plants carrying the transgene showed that the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and beta-glucuronidas ... | 1992 | 1301212 |
| complementation of saccharomyces cerevisiae auxotrophic mutants by arabidopsis thaliana cdnas. | an arabidopsis thaliana cdna bank has been constituted in a saccharomyces cerevisiae expression vector based on the phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk) promoter and terminator. this bank was used to complement eight s. cerevisiae auxotrophic markers. all of them were corrected. these results confirm the quality of the bank and the feasibility of cloning plant genes by yeast mutant complementation. the cdna complementing the ura1 yeast mutant was sequenced, analysed and shown to encode a dihydroorotic ... | 1992 | 1303803 |
| gene targeting in arabidopsis thaliana. | gene targeting of a chromosomally integrated transgene in arabidopsis thaliana is reported. a chimeric gene consisting of the promoter of the 35s rna of camv, the polyadenylation signal of the octopine synthase gene and the coding region of the bacterial hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt), which was rendered non-functional by deletion of 19 bp, was introduced into the genome of a. thaliana using agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. a total of 3.46 x 10(8) protoplasts isolated from 17 inde ... | 1992 | 1310519 |
| complementation of the cs dis2-11 cell cycle mutant of schizosaccharomyces pombe by a protein phosphatase from arabidopsis thaliana. | the activities of type i protein phosphatases play a central role in eukaryotic cell cycle control. here, we report the cloning and characterization from the flowering plant arabidopsis thaliana of a cdna clone named pp1-at which is highly homologous to protein phosphatase 1. the deduced amino acid sequence of pp1-at shows that the pp1-at protein is 318 amino acid residues long and has a molecular weight of 35,298 da. the pp1-at protein has strong similarity to all other known protein phosphatas ... | 1992 | 1314161 |
| high rates of ac/ds germinal transposition in arabidopsis suitable for gene isolation by insertional mutagenesis. | overexpression of the activator (ac) transposase gene in arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a minimal germinal transposition frequency of 27% in which independent dissociation (ds) transposition events were observed. molecular analysis of 45 f1 generation ac/ds plants indicated that high rates of somatic excision had occurred, and independent germinal insertions were identified in f2 generation progeny plants. a tandem cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) promoter fused to two different ac coding seque ... | 1992 | 1321434 |
| an alignment of 17 deduced protein sequences from plant, fungi, and ciliate h(+)-atpase genes. | seventeen protein sequences of h(+)-atpases from plants (arabidopsis thaliana, nicotiana plumbaginifolia, lycopersicum esculentum), fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe, zygosaccharomyces rouxii, neuropora crassa, candida albicans), and a parasitic ciliate (leishmania donovani) have been aligned. twenty sequence fragments were identified which were conserved in h(+)-, na+/k(+)-, and ca++ plasma membrane-atpases. in addition, a total of 118 residues not located in these frag ... | 1992 | 1328178 |
| structure and expression of a gene from arabidopsis thaliana encoding a protein related to snf1 protein kinase. | the akin10 gene from arabidopsis thaliana encoding a putative ser/thr protein kinase (pk) has been isolated and characterized. the akin10-encoding gene is located on a genomic 5.4-kb bamhi fragment and contains ten introns, one being located in the 5' untranslated region. the deduced amino acid sequence of akin10 is 65% identical over the catalytic domain to the yeast pk (snf1). snf1 is essential for the derepression of many glucose-repressible genes, including suc2 which encodes invertase. sout ... | 1992 | 1339373 |
| construction and expression of nonsense suppressor trnas which function in plant cells. | an arabidopsis thaliana l. dna containing the trna(trpugg) gene was isolated and altered to encode the amber suppressor trna(trpuag) or the ochre suppressor trna(trpuaa). these dnas were electroporated into carrot protoplasts and trna expression was demonstrated by the translational suppression of amber and ochre nonsense mutations in the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene. dnas encoding trna(trpuag) and trna(trpuaa) nonsense suppressor trnas caused suppression of their cognat ... | 1992 | 1344892 |
| the homeotic gene apetala3 of arabidopsis thaliana encodes a mads box and is expressed in petals and stamens. | mutations in the apetala3 (ap3) gene of a. thaliana result in homeotic transformations of petals to sepals and stamens to carpels. we have cloned the ap3 gene from arabidopsis based on its homology to the homeotic flower gene deficiens (defa) from the distantly related plant antirrhinum majus. the sequence of four ap3 mutant alleles and genetic mapping analysis prove that the defa homolog is ap3. like several other plant homeotic genes, the ap3 gene contains a mads box and likely acts as a trans ... | 1992 | 1346756 |
| molecular characterization of the arabidopsis floral homeotic gene apetala1. | the first step in flower development is the transition of an inflorescence meristem into a floral meristem. each floral meristem differentiates into a flower consisting of four organ types that occupy precisely defined positions within four concentric whorls. genetic studies in arabidopsis thaliana and antirrhinum majus have identified early-acting genes that determine the identify of the floral meristem, and late-acting genes that determine floral organ identity. in arabidopsis, at least two ge ... | 1992 | 1359429 |
| pfge-resolved rflp analysis and long range restriction mapping of the dna of arabidopsis thaliana using whole yac clones as probes. | the cleavage patterns of 23 rare-cutting restriction endonucleases (rcres) on high molecular weight dna, isolated from leaves of arabidopsis thaliana (arabidopsis), have been analysed using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the dna digested with rcres can be used for restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis. we show that rflps are more readily identified in restriction fragments that require resolution by pfge than in smaller restriction fragments. taking advantage of the ... | 1992 | 1361981 |
| a dna transformation-competent arabidopsis genomic library in agrobacterium. | we have constructed a nuclear genomic library from the cruciferous plant arabidopsis thaliana ecotype columbia in a cosmid vector, plzo3, and a host organism, agrobacterium tumefaciens agl1, which can directly dna-transform the parent organism, arabidopsis. the broad host range cosmid plzo3 carries a gentamicin acetyltransferase gene as bacterial selective marker and tandem, chimeric neomycin and streptomycin phosphotransferase genes as plant selective markers. agrobacterium agl1 carries the hyp ... | 1991 | 1368724 |
| heterodimerization between light-regulated and ubiquitously expressed arabidopsis gbf bzip proteins. | the promoters of a variety of plant genes are characterized by the presence of a g-box (ccacgtgg) or closely related dna motifs. these genes often exhibit quite diverse expression characteristics and in many cases the g-box sequence has been demonstrated to be essential for expression. the g-box of the arabidopsis rbcs-1a gene is bound by a protein, gbf, identified in plant nuclear extracts. here we report the isolation of three arabidopsis thaliana cdna clones encoding gbf proteins referred to ... | 1992 | 1373374 |
| induction by fungal elicitor of s-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase and s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase mrnas in cultured cells and leaves of petroselinum crispum. | treatment of cultured parsley (petroselinum crispum) cells with fungal elicitor rapidly activates transcription of many genes encoding specific steps in pathogen defense-related pathways. we report evidence that three cdnas corresponding to such genes represent two key enzymes of the activated methyl cycle. two cdnas are derived from distinct members of the s-adenosyl-l-methionine synthetase gene family, based on extensive similarity of the deduced polypeptides with authentic enzymes from arabid ... | 1992 | 1374911 |
| primary structure of v-atpase subunit b from manduca sexta midgut. | the amino acid sequence of a vacuolar-type atpase (v-atpase) subunit b has been deduced from a cdna clone isolated from a manduca sexta larval midgut library. the library was screened by hybridization with a labeled cdna encoding subunit b of arabidopsis thaliana tonoplast v-atpase. the m. sexta v-atpase subunit b consists of 494 amino acids with a calculated m(r) of 54,902. the amino acid sequence deduced for v-atpase subunit b of m. sexta is between 98% and 76% identical with that of seven oth ... | 1992 | 1387326 |
| two anthranilate synthase genes in arabidopsis: defense-related regulation of the tryptophan pathway. | arabidopsis thaliana has two genes, asa1 and asa2, encoding the alpha subunit of anthranilate synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first reaction in the tryptophan biosynthetic pathway. as a branchpoint enzyme in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis, anthranilate synthase has an important regulatory role. the sequences of the plant genes are homologous to their microbial counterparts. both predicted proteins have putative chloroplast transit peptides at their amino termini and conserved amino acids i ... | 1992 | 1392592 |
| fission yeast and a plant have functional homologues of the sar1 and sec12 proteins involved in er to golgi traffic in budding yeast. | sec12p and sar1p are required for the formation of transport vesicles generated from the endoplasmic reticulum (er) in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. sec12p is an er type ii membrane protein that mediates the membrane attachment of the gtp-binding sar1 protein. the sar1 gene is a multi-copy suppressor of a thermosensitive sec12 mutation. in an attempt to identify functional homologues of sec12p and sar1p from other eukaryotic organisms, we screened cdna expression libraries derived from the ... | 1992 | 1396601 |
| sequences for two cdnas encoding arabidopsis thaliana eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 4a. | two distinct cdnas encoding protein synthesis initiation factor 4a (eif-4a) were isolated from an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequences from the two cdnas were compared to eif-4a from tobacco, mouse and saccharomyces cerevisiae. the putative atp-binding sites and rna helicase motifs were identified. | 1992 | 1398145 |
| cloning of the cdna for u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle 70k protein from arabidopsis thaliana. | we cloned and sequenced a plant cdna that encodes u1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp) 70k protein. the plant u1 snrnp 70k protein cdna is not full length and lacks the coding region for 68 amino acids in the amino-terminal region as compared to human u1 snrnp 70k protein. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the plant u1 snrnp 70k protein with the amino acid sequence of animal and yeast u1 snrnp 70k protein showed a high degree of homology. the plant u1 snrnp 70k protein is mo ... | 1992 | 1420366 |
| sequence of the fifth largest subunit of rna polymerase ii from plants. | an affinity-purified antibody raised against the fifth largest subunit of cauliflower (brassica oleracea) rna polymerase ii was used to screen an expression library and isolate an arabidopsis thaliana cdna clone. this cdna clone was used to isolate a soybean (glycine max) cdna clone, and both clones were sequenced. the open reading frames contain 176 amino acids and predict polypeptides of 19.5 and 19.6 kda for arabidopsis and soybean, respectively. the amino acid sequences of the arabidopsis an ... | 1992 | 1429663 |
| use of the lipid emulsion system and salmonella typhimurium mitogen adjuvant to stimulate igg production in chickens. | chickens were immunized with the lipid emulsion system and salmonella typhimurium mitogen adjuvant for fowl plus synthetic peptides corresponding to the divergent amino acid sequences at the carboxyl terminus of each of two different alpha-tubulin isoforms from arabidopsis thaliana. antibodies were extracted from egg yolks and used in immunoblot assays to determine the time course of antibody production in two chickens. specific immunoglobulin production increased 10-14 days after the primary in ... | 1992 | 1431155 |
| arabidopsis alternative oxidase sustains escherichia coli respiration. | glutamyl-trna reductase, encoded by the hema gene, is the first enzyme in porphyrin biosynthesis in many organisms. hemes, important porphyrin derivatives, are essential components of redox enzymes, such as cytochromes. thus a hema escherichia coli strain (sasx41b) is deficient in cytochrome-mediated aerobic respiration. upon complementation of this strain with an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library, we isolated a clone which permitted the sasx41b strain to grow aerobically. the clone encodes the ... | 1992 | 1438286 |
| the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family of arabidopsis thaliana. | genomic sequences encoding five divergent 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase polypeptides (acc1, acc2, acc3, acc4, and acc5) have been isolated from arabidopsis thaliana by using heterologous cdnas and pcr fragments amplified from genomic dna with degenerate oligonucleotide primers. each gene is located on a different chromosome in the arabidopsis genome. the genes are differentially expressed during development and in response to environmental stimuli. protein-synthesis inhibi ... | 1992 | 1438312 |
| cloning and sequencing of a human cdna coding for dihydroorotate dehydrogenase by complementation of the corresponding yeast mutant. | dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (dhodehase, ec 1.3.3.1) catalyses the fourth enzymatic step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. a truncated human cdna encoding this enzyme was isolated from a hela cell cdna library by functional complementation of a corresponding deletion mutant from the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. the complementing clone contained a 1.5-kb poly(a)(+)-tailed insert with a 1191-bp open reading frame, hybridising with a unique human mrna of 1.6 kb. the deduced amino acid sequenc ... | 1992 | 1446837 |
| novel protein kinase of arabidopsis thaliana (apk1) that phosphorylates tyrosine, serine and threonine. | during the course of characterizing polymerase chain reaction products corresponding to protein kinases of a higher plant, arabidopsis thaliana, we found a dna fragment that potentially codes for a polypeptide with mosaic sequences of two classes of protein kinases, a tyrosine-specific and a serine/threonine-specific one. overlapping complementary dna (cdna) clones coinciding with this fragment were isolated from an a. thaliana cdna library. from their sequence analyses a protein kinase was pred ... | 1992 | 1450380 |
| map-based cloning of a gene controlling omega-3 fatty acid desaturation in arabidopsis. | a gene from the flowering plant arabidopsis thaliana that encodes an omega-3 desaturase was cloned on the basis of the genetic map position of a mutation affecting membrane and storage lipid fatty acid composition. yeast artificial chromosomes covering the genetic locus were identified and used to probe a seed complementary dna library. a complementary dna clone for the desaturase was identified and introduced into roots of both wild-type and mutant plants by ti plasmid-mediated transformation. ... | 1992 | 1455229 |
| expression of the pea metallothionein-like gene psmta in escherichia coli and arabidopsis thaliana and analysis of trace metal ion accumulation: implications for psmta function. | the psmta gene from pea (pisum sativum) shares similarity with metallothionein (mt) genes and related sequences have also been isolated from a number of other higher-plant species. the proteins encoded by these genes have not yet been purified from plants and their functions remain unclear although, by analogy to mt, roles in the metabolism and detoxification of metal ions have been proposed. by contrast, correlation between transcript abundance and fe availability has led to an alternative prop ... | 1992 | 1463837 |
| rapid activation of a novel plant defense gene is strictly dependent on the arabidopsis rpm1 disease resistance locus. | we cloned and sequenced cdnas encoded by a novel plant defense gene, eli3, from parsley and arabidopsis thaliana. the predicted product shares no homology to known sequences. eli3 mrna accumulates in a. thaliana leaves in response to challenge with phytopathogenic pseudomonas syringae strains. the timing and magnitude of this response are dictated by the genetics of the plant-pathogen interaction being analyzed. during incompatible interactions, where resistance in the plant genotype col-0 is di ... | 1992 | 1464303 |
| chilling sensitivity of arabidopsis thaliana with genetically engineered membrane lipids. | upon transfer of a genetically engineered escherichia coli gene for glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (plsb) to arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh., the gene is transcribed and translated into an enzymatically active polypeptide. this leads to an alteration in fatty acid composition of membrane lipids. from these alterations it is evident that the enzyme is located mainly inside the plastids. the amount of saturated fatty acids in plastidial membrane lipids increased. in particular, the fraction ... | 1992 | 1464304 |
| arabidopsis and nicotiana anthocyanin production activated by maize regulators r and c1. | anthocyanin pathway-specific transcriptional activators r and c1 from the monocot maize were expressed in two dicots, arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana tabacum. expression of r caused augmented anthocyanin pigmentation in both plant species and augmented trichome (hair) production in arabidopsis. alone, c1 had no effect. hybrid transgenic arabidopsis expressing both c1 and r produced anthocyanins in root, petal, and stamen tissues that normally never express anthrocyanins. when r was expressed ... | 1992 | 1465611 |
| disease development in ethylene-insensitive arabidopsis thaliana infected with virulent and avirulent pseudomonas and xanthomonas pathogens. | the plant hormone ethylene has been hypothesized to play roles both in disease resistance and in disease susceptibility. these processes were examined by using isogenic virulent and avirulent bacterial pathogens and mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that were altered in ethylene physiology. ethylene-insensitive ein1 and ein2 mutants of arabidopsis were resistant to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato made avirulent by the addition of the cloned avirulence genes avrrpt2, avrrpm1, or avrb; this suggests ... | 1992 | 1472714 |
| [a method for determining the presence of inverted repeats in the chloroplast genome of higher plants]. | a plasmid containing fragments of rp12 and rps19 genes from the chloroplast genome of arabidopsis thaliana was developed. the presence of inverted repeats in the chloroplast dna of a. thaliana and vicia sativa, and their absence from two species of fabaceae family (lathyrus sativus, lens esculenta) were shown with the help of this plasmid. | 1992 | 1473714 |
| cloning of a cdna encoding the tcp-1 (t complex polypeptide 1) homologue of arabidopsis thaliana. | we isolated a plant homologue of tcp-1 (t complex polypeptide 1) cdna from arabidopsis thaliana. it encodes a 545-amino acid (aa) protein, which has extensive aa and nucleotide sequence homology to the corresponding proteins of mouse, yeast, fruit fly and archaebacteria. | 1992 | 1487154 |
| synthesis of the proline analogue [2,3-3h]azetidine-2-carboxylic acid. uptake and incorporation in arabidopsis thaliana and escherichia coli. | azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, the 4-membered ring noranalogue of proline, is regularly used in the study of proline metabolism as well as the study of protein conformation. we prepared d,l-[2,3-3h]azetidine-2-carboxylic acid with an optimized 10% yield from commercially available 4-amino-[2,3-3h]butyric acid. purification was performed by fast-protein liquid chromatography. the biological activity was checked in both arabidopsis thaliana and escherichia coli. the obtained specific activity of 10 ... | 1992 | 1505664 |
| characterization of arabidopsis thaliana telomeres isolated in yeast. | in an effort to learn more about the genomic organization of chromosomal termini in plants we employed a functional complementation strategy to isolate arabidopsis thaliana telomeres in the yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae. eight yeast episomes carrying a. thaliana telomeric sequences were obtained. the plant sequences carried on two episomes, ypatt1 and ypatt7, were characterized in detail. the telomeric origins of ypatt1 and ypatt7 insert dnas were confirmed by demonstrating that corresponding ... | 1992 | 1508688 |
| potato granule-bound starch synthase promoter-controlled gus expression: regulation of expression after transient and stable transformation. | chimaeric genes of promoter sequences from the potato gene encoding granule-bound starch synthase (gbss) and the beta-glucoronidase (gus) reporter gene were used to study gbss expression and regulation. analysis of stable transformants revealed that a gbss promoter sequence of 0.4 kb was sufficient to result in tissue-dependent gus expression: levels in stably transformed microtubers exceeded levels in corresponding leaves by orders of magnitude. gbss-gus constructs could be transiently expresse ... | 1992 | 1515610 |
| arabidopsis thaliana small subunit leader and transit peptide enhance the expression of bacillus thuringiensis proteins in transgenic plants. | the expression of the modified gene for a truncated form of the cryia(c) gene, encoding the insecticidal portion of the lepidopteran-active cryia(c) protein from bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (b.t.k.) hd73, under control of the arabidopsis thaliana ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) small subunit ats1a promoter with and without its associated transit peptide was analyzed in transgenic tobacco plants. examination of leaf tissue revealed that the ats1a promoter with its transit ... | 1992 | 1515613 |
| a homolog of escherichia coli reca protein in plastids of higher plants. | studies of chloroplast dna variations, and several direct experimental observations, indicate the existence of recombination ability in algal and higher plant plastids. however, no studies have been done of the biochemical pathways involved. using a part of a cyanobacterial reca gene as a probe in southern blots, we have found homologous sequences in total dna from pisum sativum and arabidopsis thaliana and in a cdna library from arabidopsis. a cdna was cloned and sequenced, and its predicted am ... | 1992 | 1518831 |
| a plant cdna that partially complements escherichia coli reca mutations predicts a polypeptide not strongly homologous to reca proteins. | a plant (arabidopsis thaliana) cdna previously selected for its ability to partially complement the uv sensitivity of escherichia coli reca-uvrc-phr- mutants and designated drt100 (dna-damage repair/toleration) was subcloned into a high-copy-number plasmid and expressed via a bacterial promotor. it increased resistance of reca-uvrb-phr- bacteria to mitomycin c and methyl methanesulfonate as well as to uv light. this lack of specificity, and its ability to increase resistance in both uvrb- and uv ... | 1992 | 1518832 |
| cloning and expression of an arabidopsis nitrilase which can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indole-3-acetic acid. | from an arabidopsis thaliana cdna expression library, a cdna clone was isolated, characterized and sequenced which, at the amino acid level, resembled the klebsiella ozaenae bromoxynil nitrilase encoded by the bxn gene. the cdna contained a long open reading frame, starting from two possible neighbouring atg codons and capable of encoding 340 or 346 amino acids with calculated molecular masses of 37526 da or 38176 da, respectively. the sequence similarity between the deduced polypeptides from th ... | 1992 | 1555601 |
| leucine aminopeptidase from arabidopsis thaliana. molecular evidence for a phylogenetically conserved enzyme of protein turnover in higher plants. | leucine aminopeptidases are exopeptidases which are presumably involved in the processing and regular turnover of intracellular proteins; however, their precise function in cellular metabolism remains to be established. towards this goal, a full-length complementary dna encoding a plant leucine aminopeptidase was isolated from a cdna library of arabidopsis thaliana and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence showed 49.5% identity to the escherichia coli xerb-encoded leucine aminopeptidase. sequence a ... | 1992 | 1555602 |
| multiple resistance to sulfonylureas and imidazolinones conferred by an acetohydroxyacid synthase gene with separate mutations for selective resistance. | the acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) gene from the arabidopsis thaliana mutant line gh90 carrying the imidazolinone resistance allele imr1 was cloned. expression of the ahas gene under the control of the camv 35s promoter in transgenic tobacco resulted in selective imidazolinone resistance, confirming that the single base-pair change found near the 3' end of the coding region of this gene is responsible for imidazolinone resistance. a chimeric ahas gene containing both the imr1 mutation and the ... | 1992 | 1557022 |
| a complete cdna for adenine phosphoribosyltransferase from arabidopsis thaliana. | an intact cdna from arabidopsis thaliana for adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (aprt) was isolated and sequenced. the cdna is 729 nucleotides in length and predicts a protein of mr 27,140. the deduced amino acid sequence has been compared with those of other aprts and shown to be most similar to the escherichia coli protein. construction of a molecular tree of the known aprt amino acid sequences indicates the a. thaliana and e. coli aprt sequences form one cluster and the currently available ver ... | 1992 | 1558943 |
| cloning and sequencing of a cdna encoding ascorbate peroxidase from arabidopsis thaliana. | a cdna clone encoding ascorbate peroxidase (ap, ec 1.11.1.11) was isolated from a phage lambda gt11 library of cdna from arabidopsis thaliana by immunoscreening with monoclonal antibodies against the enzyme, and then sequenced. the cdna insert hybridized to a 1.1 kb poly(a)+ rna from leaves of a. thaliana. genomic hybridization suggests that the cdna obtained here corresponds to a single-copy gene. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of arabidopsis ap was determined by protein sequencing of the i ... | 1992 | 1558944 |
| a cold-regulated arabidopsis gene encodes a polypeptide having potent cryoprotective activity. | we previously showed that cor15, a cold-regulated gene from arabidopsis thaliana, encodes a 15 kda polypeptide designated cor15. here we report that cor15 has potent cryoprotective activity in an in vitro cryoprotection assay. specifically, cor15 was very effective in protecting the cold-labile enzyme lactate dehydrogenase against freeze-inactivation; on a concentration basis, it was about 10(6) times more effective than sucrose and 10(2)-10(3) times more effective than other proteins including ... | 1992 | 1567390 |
| functional expression of a probable arabidopsis thaliana potassium channel in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we report the isolation of a cdna (kat1) from arabidopsis thaliana that encodes a probable k+ channel. kat1 was cloned by its ability to suppress a k+ transport-defective phenotype in mutant saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. this suppression is sensitive to known k+ channel blockers, including tetraethylammonium and ba2+ ions. the kat1 cdna contains an open reading frame capable of encoding a 78-kda protein that shares structural features found in the shaker superfamily of k+ channels. these inclu ... | 1992 | 1570292 |
| genetic consequences of radioactive contamination for populations of arabidopsis. | populations of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. growing within a 30 km radius of chernobyl and characterized by radioactive contamination levels ranging from 0.02 to 240 mr h-1 were analyzed for the frequency of embryonic lethal mutations in 1987 and 1988. plots that retained high levels of radioactive contamination long after the initial exposure were characterized by a high frequency of mutant plants. plots with low levels of radioactive contamination, which were significantly reduced soon aft ... | 1992 | 1574701 |
| molecular cloning of higher-plant 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) reductase. sequence identities with the nodg-gene product of the nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium rhizobium meliloti. | cdna clones encoding the fatty-acid- biosynthetic enzyme nadph-linked 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) (acp) reductase were isolated from a brassica napus (rape) developing seed library and from an arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) leaf library. the n-terminal end of the coding region shows features typical of a stromal-targeting plastid-transit peptide. the deduced amino acid sequences have 41% and 55% identity respectively with the nodg-gene product of rhizobium meliloti, one of the host-spec ... | 1992 | 1575676 |
| dodeca satellite: a conserved g+c-rich satellite from the centromeric heterochromatin of drosophila melanogaster. | to identify sequences from the centromeric region, we have constructed a drosophila melanogaster yeast artificial chromosome (yac) library and screened it with purified dna from the minichromosome dp(1;f)1187 derived from the x chromosome. we describe the structure of one clone isolated in this way. this yac is structurally unstable and contains tandemly repeated g+c-rich 11-mer and 12-mer units, which we call dodeca satellite. most of this satellite is located near the centromere of an autosome ... | 1992 | 1584802 |
| cloning and expression in yeast of a plant potassium ion transport system. | a membrane polypeptide involved in k+ transport in a higher plant was cloned by complementation of a yeast mutant defective in k+ uptake with a complementary dna library from arabidopsis thaliana. a 2.65-kilobase complementary dna conferred ability to grow on media with k+ concentration in the micromolar range and to absorb k+ (or 86rb+) at rates similar to those in wild-type yeast. the predicted amino acid sequence (838 amino acids) has three domains: a channel-forming region homologous to anim ... | 1992 | 1585180 |
| the activation process of arabidopsis thaliana a1 gene encoding the translation elongation factor ef-1 alpha is conserved among angiosperms. | in arabidopsis thaliana, the activation process of the a1 ef-1 alpha gene depends on several elements. using the gus reporter gene, transient expression experiments have shown that mutations of upstream cis-acting elements of the a1 promoter, or the deletion of an intron located within the 5' non-coding region, similarly affect expression in dicot or monocot protoplasts. the results reported here strongly suggest that this 5' intron is properly spliced in zea mays. we show that two trans-acting ... | 1992 | 1600144 |
| mapping and sequencing of an actively transcribed euglena gracilis chloroplast gene (ccsa) homologous to the arabidopsis thaliana nuclear gene cs(ch-42). | we mapped and sequenced a novel chloroplast gene encoding a protein (348 amino acids) which shows a high sequence identity with both the decoded nuclear cs(ch-42) gene product of arabidopsis thaliana, and the c-terminal half of the decoded 'crta' gene product of rhodobacter capsulatus. the chloroplast gene (ccsa) is split (two exons) and transcribed into a stable mrna of about 1200 nucleotides. the putative protein may be involved in the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments. | 1992 | 1607017 |
| exon-intron organization of the arabidopsis thaliana protein kinase genes cdc2a and cdc2b. | we have previously shown by cdna cloning that a higher plant, arabidopsis thaliana, possesses at least two cdc2 genes (cdc2a and cdc2b) similar to the cell-cycle-controlling cdc2 gene of schizosaccharomyces pombe. to understand the exon-intron organization of these genes, genomic clones were isolated and their nucleotide sequences determined. the coding and 5'-untranslated regions of cdc2a were interrupted by seven and one introns, respectively, whilst cdc2b contained three introns within the co ... | 1992 | 1618302 |
| nucleotide sequence of a gene from arabidopsis thaliana encoding a myb homologue. | a gene encoding a proto-oncogene, a myb-related gene named atmyb1, was cloned from arabidopsis thaliana, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the atmyb1 gene contains an intron of 494 bp, and there are no highly homologous sequences present in the a. thaliana genome, but evidence was found that other myb-related genes exist. in the 5' flanking region, we found several typical cis-acting elements found in plant promoters. sequence comparisons revealed that the atmyb1 protein has a putative ... | 1992 | 1623193 |
| the isolation and characterisation of the tapetum-specific arabidopsis thaliana a9 gene. | the brassica napus cdna clone a9 and the corresponding arabidopsis thaliana gene have been sequenced. the b. napus cdna and the a. thaliana gene encode proteins that are 73% identical and are predicted to be 10.3 kda and 11.6 kda in size respectively. fusions of an rnase gene and the reporter gene beta-glucuronidase to the a. thaliana a9 promoter demonstrated that in tobacco the a9 promoter is active solely in tapetal cells. promoter activity is first detectable in anthers prior to sporogenous c ... | 1992 | 1627774 |
| nucleotide sequence of trni(cau) and rpl23 from arabidopsis thaliana chloroplast genome. | | 1992 | 1630923 |
| characterization of the structure and transcription of an ubiquitin fusion gene from maize. | we have identified a maize ubiquitin (ubi) fusion gene (ubf9) by screening a maize w22 genomic phage lambda library with a short (16-nucleotide) oligodeoxyribonucleotide probe derived from the sequence for the extension sequence of a yeast ub13 fusion gene. ubf9 consists of an ub monomer sequence (228 bp long) joined to an extension sequence (237 bp long). the extension sequence encodes a protein of 79 amino acids which shares extensive identity with similar extension aa sequences found in yeast ... | 1991 | 1660830 |
| cloning of a 16-kda ubiquitin carrier protein from wheat and arabidopsis thaliana. identification of functional domains by in vitro mutagenesis. | ubiquitin carrier proteins (e2s) are involved in the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to a variety of cellular target proteins in eukaryotes. here, we report the cloning of genes from wheat and arabidopsis thaliana that encode 16-kda e2s and a domain analysis of e2s by in vitro mutagenesis. the genes for e216kda, which we have designated wheat and at ubc1, encode proteins that are only 33% identical (58% similar) with a 23-kda e2 from wheat (encoded by the gene now designated wheat ubc4), but ar ... | 1991 | 1660887 |
| genetic transformation of arabidopsis thaliana zygotic embryos and identification of critical parameters influencing transformation efficiency. | an efficient procedure for agrobacterium-mediated transformation of zygotic embryos derived from three different arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes has been developed. this procedure yielded an average transformation rate of 76% for ecotype c24, and 15-20% for ecotypes landsberg-erecta and columbia. a critical step for optimal transformation was the preculture of embryos on a phytohormone-containing medium. light and electron microscopical studies showed that, during preculture, procambium cells of e ... | 1991 | 1662767 |
| development of an efficient transposon tagging system in arabidopsis thaliana. | we are currently developing a transposon tagging system in arabidopsis thaliana using the maize transposable elements ac and ds. in order to make the system as efficient as possible, four different antibiotic resistance markers have been tested for their usefulness in monitoring excision and reinsertion of transposons in the arabidopsis genome. owing to the low transposition frequency of wild-type ac in arabidopsis we have also tested a number of modifications to the ac element. deletion of the ... | 1991 | 1668839 |
| agl1-agl6, an arabidopsis gene family with similarity to floral homeotic and transcription factor genes. | the predicted products of floral homeotic genes, agamous (ag) from arabidopsis thaliana and deficiens a (def a) from antirrhinum majus, have been shown previously to share strong sequence similarity with transcription factors from humans (srf) and yeast (mcm1). the conserved sequence between these proteins is localized within a domain known to be necessary for the dna binding and for the dimerization of srf. we have isolated six new genes from a. thaliana, agl1-agl6, which also have this conserv ... | 1991 | 1672119 |
| construction and characterization of a yeast artificial chromosome library of arabidopsis which is suitable for chromosome walking. | a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) genomic library of arabidopsis thaliana was constructed in a derivative of the vector pyac4 which was modified to facilitate the production of end-specific probes for chromosome walking. experiments in which a subset of 2300 clones from the library were probed with 30 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers indicated that, on the average, the entire genome is represented once in each 800 yac clones. thus, the complete library of more than 20,00 ... | 1991 | 1674816 |
| differential induction of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase genes in arabidopsis thaliana by wounding and pathogenic attack. | we have isolated cdnas from two distinct genes encoding 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate (dahp) synthase (ec 4.1.2.15) in arabidopsis thaliana. predicted protein sequences from both genes, dhs1 and dhs2, and a potato dahp synthase gene are highly related, but none shows significant sequence similarity to conserved microbial dahp synthase proteins. despite this structural difference, the dhs1 cdna complements mutations in a yeast strain lacking dahp synthase activity. dhs1 rna levels i ... | 1991 | 1681544 |
| rdna intergenic region from arabidopsis thaliana. structural analysis, intraspecific variation and functional implications. | the ribosomal gene intergenic region from arabidopsis thaliana contains four clusters of mutually unrelated repeated sequences. by comparison with the respective regions in two other brassicaceae, raphanus and sinapis, the putative promoter sequence for rna polymerase i was located. the homologies suggest that the rna polymerase i promoter in brassicaceae ranges further upstream than in animals. upstream duplications of at least a part of the promoter region were found to be located between indi ... | 1991 | 1682499 |
| a flourishing time for flower development. workshop on flower development, sponsored by fundación juan march, madrid, spain, march 11-13, 1991. | molecular genetics has recently erupted in the field of flower development, an area of research traditionally cultivated by plant physiologists. the isolation and molecular characterization of seven homeotic genes (four in antirrhinum majus and three in arabidopsis thaliana) that control both floral organogenesis and the transition from inflorescences to floral meristems is leading to major breakthroughs in the understanding of the mechanisms governing flower development. this has already had a ... | 1991 | 1684287 |
| genome mapping with anchored clones: theoretical aspects. | as part of our effort to construct a physical map of the genome of arabidopsis thaliana we have made a mathematical analysis of our experimental approach of anchoring yeast artificial chromosome clones with genetically mapped rflps and rapds. the details of this analysis are presented and their implications for mapping the arabidopsis genome are discussed. | 1991 | 1686019 |
| effect of light on the nadph-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase of arabidopsis thaliana. | a cdna encoding the nadph-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (pchlide reductase) of arabidopsis thaliana has been isolated and sequenced. the cdna contains the complete reading frame for the precursor of the pchlide reductase. the deduced amino acid sequence of the arabidopsis enzyme closely resembles the corresponding sequences of barley and oat. the cdna has been used as a template for the synthesis of the enzyme protein in escherichia coli. an antiserum was raised against this enzyme protein ... | 1991 | 1714319 |
| the war of the whorls: genetic interactions controlling flower development. | the analysis of mutations affecting flower structure has led to the identification of some of the genes that direct flower development. cloning of these genes has allowed the formulation of molecular models of how floral meristem and organ identity may be specified, and has shown that the distantly related flowering plants arabidopsis thaliana and antirrhinum majus use homologous mechanisms in floral pattern formation. | 1991 | 1715520 |
| identification of an essential tyrosine residue in the catalytic site of a chitinase isolated from zea mays that is selectively modified during inactivation with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide. | chitinase isolated from zea mays seeds is inactivated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (edc) in the absence of exogenous nucleophiles. oligomers of n-acetylglucosamine,n,n',n",n"'-tetra-n-acetylchitotetraose (glcnac4), and to a lesser extent, n,n',n"-tri-n-acetylchitotriose (glcnac3) and n,n'-di-n-acetylchitobiose (glcnac2) provide partial protection against inactivation by the reagent. an examination of the concentration dependence of the protection afforded by glcnac4 revealed ... | 1992 | 1740436 |
| isolation of mutants of arabidopsis thaliana in which accumulation of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein is reduced to low levels. | we have found that arabidopsis thaliana is susceptible to infection with a crucifer strain of tobacco mosaic virus (tmv-cg); the coat protein of tmv-cg accumulated to a high level in uninoculated rosette leaves several days after inoculation. as a first step in the search for host-coded factors that are involved in virus multiplication, we isolated mutants of a. thaliana in which the accumulation of tmv-cg coat protein was reduced to low levels. of 6000 m2 plants descended from ethyl methanesulf ... | 1991 | 1745239 |
| isolation and analysis of cdnas encoding small gtp-binding proteins of arabidopsis thaliana. | we previously isolated a dna fragment from arabidopsis thaliana homologous to the mammalian ras gene and named it ara [matsui et al., gene 76 (1989) 313-319]. screening of cdna clones homologous to ara in a. thaliana resulted in the isolation of four homologous genes. the products of these genes, ara-2, ara-3, ara-4 and ara-5, showed conservation of amino acids (aa) in four regions, all of which are present in small gtp-binding proteins, and are important for gtpase/gtp-binding activities. these ... | 1991 | 1748311 |
| arabidopsis thaliana h1 histones. analysis of two members of a small gene family. | we have isolated two arabidopsis thaliana cdna clones that encodes different h1 histone proteins. the h1-1 and h1-2 proteins are 274 and 273 amino acids in length, respectively. unlike the h1 histones within a single animal species, the two plant h1 proteins share little sequence similarity outside the protein's central globular domain. within the globular domain, a pentapeptide that is extremely well conserved in animal h1 histones, is not found in either of the plant proteins. southern blot an ... | 1991 | 1765064 |
| identification of pseudomonas syringae pathogens of arabidopsis and a bacterial locus determining avirulence on both arabidopsis and soybean. | to develop a model system for molecular genetic analysis of plant-pathogen interactions, we studied the interaction between arabidopsis thaliana and the bacterial pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (pst). pst strains were found to be virulent or avirulent on specific arabidopsis ecotypes, and single ecotypes were resistant to some pst strains and susceptible to others. in many plant-pathogen interactions, disease resistance is controlled by the simultaneous presence of single plant resistan ... | 1991 | 1824334 |
| induction of arabidopsis defense genes by virulent and avirulent pseudomonas syringae strains and by a cloned avirulence gene. | we developed a model system to study the signal transduction pathways leading to the activation of arabidopsis thaliana genes involved in the defense against pathogen attack. here we describe the identification and characterization of virulent and avirulent pseudomonas syringae strains that elicit disease or resistance symptoms when infiltrated into arabidopsis leaves. the virulent and avirulent strains were characterized by determining growth of the pathogen in arabidopsis leaves and by measuri ... | 1991 | 1824335 |
| the gin recombinase of phage mu can catalyse site-specific recombination in plant protoplasts. | a mutant gin recombinase of the phage mu dna inversion system was successfully expressed in arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco protoplasts. site-specific recombination was monitored both physically and biologically with the help of a recombination assay system in which expression of a beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene requires gin-mediated recombination. we demonstrate that the wild-type gin protein is not able to promote recombination in plant protoplasts, presumably because plant cells do not contai ... | 1991 | 1836050 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of genes expressed in shoot apical meristems. | the above-ground portion of a plant develops from the shoot apical meristem. an abundant source of apical meristems was obtained from cauliflower heads. meristematic cdnas were identified by differential screening and used to isolate corresponding arabidopsis thaliana genes. transcriptional promoters from arabidopsis clones were fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene and introduced into plants, and gus expression was used to analyze temporal and spatial regulation of the promoters. ... | 1991 | 1840916 |
| identification of the arabidopsis chl3 gene as the nitrate reductase structural gene nia2. | chlorate, the chlorine analog of nitrate, is a herbicide that has been used to select mutants impaired in the process of nitrate assimilation. in arabidopsis thaliana, mutations at any one of eight distinct loci confer resistance to chlorate. the molecular identities of the genes at these loci are not known; however, one of these loci--chl3--maps very near the nitrate reductase structural gene nia2. through the isolation, characterization, and genetic analysis of new chlorate-resistant mutants g ... | 1991 | 1840922 |
| the arabidopsis functional homolog of the p34cdc2 protein kinase. | the p34cdc2 protein kinase is a key component of the eukaryotic cell cycle, which is required for g1 to s-phase transition and for entry into mitosis. using a 380-base pair dna fragment obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification from an arabidopsis thaliana flower cdna library as a probe, we isolated and sequenced a cdc2-homologous cdna from arabidopsis. the encoded polypeptide has extensive homology with cdc2-like kinases. furthermore, when expressed in a cdc28ts saccharomyces strain, ... | 1991 | 1840925 |
| phytochrome control of the tms2 gene in transgenic arabidopsis: a strategy for selecting mutants in the signal transduction pathway. | introduction of the tms2 gene from agrobacterium tumefaciens into arabidopsis thaliana yields transgenic seedlings with a new selectable phenotype: the seedlings are strongly growth inhibited on micromolar concentrations of auxin amide substrates that do not significantly affect wild-type seedlings. the tms2 gene encodes an amidohydrolase that catalyzes the conversion of biologically inactive auxin amides into active auxins, which are toxic to plants at elevated concentrations. in the absence of ... | 1991 | 1841718 |
| molecular characterization of an arabidopsis thaliana cdna encoding a small gtp-binding protein, rha1. | we have isolated a cdna encoding a small gtp-binding protein from an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library using an oligonucleotide probe derived from the most conserved domain of the ras superfamily. the cdna encodes a 21.8 kda protein, designated rha1, which shows high homology to members of the ras superfamily in the regions involved in gtp binding, gtpase activity, and membrane attachment. the amino acid sequence is 60% identical to the sequence of the mammalian rab5 protein, a small gtp-binding ... | 1991 | 1844882 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of posf21, an arabidopsis thaliana gene which shows characteristics of a b-zip class transcription factor. | we have isolated a putative transcription factor gene, posf21, from arabidopsis thaliana using an indirect cross-hybridization approach. cdna clones were isolated which encode single repeating amino acids. such sequences may function as activation domains in transcription factors and may be indicative for such proteins. the clone posf21 encodes a region very rich in glutamines. besides this putative activation domain it encodes a protein sequence which shows all the characteristics of a basic-do ... | 1991 | 1844885 |
| lambda yes: a multifunctional cdna expression vector for the isolation of genes by complementation of yeast and escherichia coli mutations. | this work describes a multifunctional phage lambda expression vector system, lambda yes, designed to facilitate gene isolation from eukaryotes by complementation of escherichia coli and saccharomyces cerevisiae mutations. lambda yes vectors have a selection for cdna inserts using an oligo adaptor strategy and are capable of expressing genes in both e. coli and s. cerevisiae. they also allow conversion from phage lambda to plasmid clones by using the cre-lox site-specific recombination system, re ... | 1991 | 1848010 |
| the ubiquitin-encoding multigene family of flax, linum usitatissimum. | ubiquitin (ubq), a 76-amino acid (aa) protein, is found in all eukaryotic organisms and is one of the most conserved proteins so far studied. it is implicated in many cellular processes. the ubq-encoding genes (ubq) are generally present as a multigene family. in flax, we have estimated that this multigene family contains at the most ten members. the initial flax ubq sequences were isolated from a flax genomic library in lambda embl4 using a heterologous arabidopsis thaliana ubq probe. an 916-bp ... | 1991 | 1850710 |
| gap junction protein homologue from arabidopsis thaliana: evidence for connexins in plants. | an arabidopsis thaliana library constructed in the pbluescript expression vector lambda zap ii (stratagene) was screened with three affinity-purified antibodies raised against (i) rat liver connexin 32, (ii) a polypeptide from soybean root cells that migrates with a molecular mass of 29 kda in sds/polyacrylamide gels and is immunologically related to rat liver connexin, and (iii) a synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in rat liver connexin 32. a single clone was obtained whose gene prod ... | 1991 | 1851993 |
| expression of a cdna clone encoding the haem-binding domain of chlorella nitrate reductase. | a partial cdna clone coding for the haem-binding domain of nadh:nitrate reductase (ec 1.6.6.1) (nr) from the unicellular green alga chlorella vulgaris has been isolated, sequenced and expressed. a 1.2 kb cdna (pcvnr1) was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library produced from polyadenylated rna extracted from nitrate-grown chlorella cells. pcvnr1 hybridized to a 3.5 kb mrna transcript that was nitrate-inducible and absent from ammonium-grown cells. the entire sequence of pcvnr1 was obtaine ... | 1991 | 1883330 |
| molecular characterization and genetic origin of the brassica napus acetohydroxyacid synthase multigene family. | the brassica napus rapeseed cultivar topas contains an acetohydroxyacid synthase (ahas) multigene family consisting of five members (ahas 1-5). dna sequence analysis indicate that ahas1 and ahas3 share extensive homology. they probably encode the ahas enzymes essential for plant growth and development. ahas2 has diverged significantly from ahas1 and ahas3 and has unique features in the coding region of the mature polypeptide, transit peptide and upstream non-coding dna, which raises the possibil ... | 1991 | 1896019 |
| cloning and chromosomal mapping of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast and cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase from arabidopsis thaliana. | both cdna and genomic clones for the nuclear genes encoding chloroplast (cp) (gapa and gapb) and cytosolic (gapc) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from arabidopsis thaliana have been isolated and characterized. genomic southern-blot analyses indicate that there is only one copy of each gapa, gapb and gapc gene in a. thaliana. comparison of the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences shows that the a and b subunits are highly similar (80% positional aa identity), while there is less sim ... | 1991 | 1916285 |
| a steroid-inducible gene expression system for plant cells. | promoters that allow the selective induction of gene expression in vivo constitute an important methodology in eukaryotic organisms such as yeast and the fruit fly, but to date no such system has been described for higher plants. given the fact that mammalian steroid receptors can function as hormone-dependent inducers of gene expression in heterologous systems, the feasibility of using mammalian steroid hormones as selective inducers of plant gene expression was investigated. here it is shown t ... | 1991 | 1961707 |
| illegitimate recombination in plants: a model for t-dna integration. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium capable of transferring dna (the t-dna) to the genome of higher plants, where it is then stably integrated. six t-dna inserts and their corresponding preinsertion sites were cloned from arabidopsis thaliana and analyzed. two t-dna integration events from nicotiana tabacum were included in the analysis. nucleotide sequence comparison of plant target sites before and after t-dna integration showed that the t-dna usually causes only a small (13-28 bp) d ... | 1991 | 1995418 |
| t-dna integration: a mode of illegitimate recombination in plants. | transferred dna (t-dna) insertions of agrobacterium gene fusion vectors and corresponding insertional target sites were isolated from transgenic and wild type arabidopsis thaliana plants. nucleotide sequence comparison of wild type and t-dna-tagged genomic loci showed that t-dna integration resulted in target site deletions of 29-73 bp. in those cases where integrated t-dna segments turned out to be smaller than canonical ones, the break-points of target deletions and t-dna insertions overlapped ... | 1991 | 2001683 |
| a novel seed protein gene from vicia faba is developmentally regulated in transgenic tobacco and arabidopsis plants. | we have isolated a novel gene, denoted usp, from vicia faba var. minor, which corresponds to the most abundant mrna present in cotyledons during early seed development; however, the corresponding protein does not accumulate in cotyledons. the characterized usp gene with its two introns is 1 of about 15 members of a gene family. a fragment comprising 637 bp of 5' flanking sequence and the total 5' untranslated region was shown to be sufficient to drive the mainly seed-specific expression of two r ... | 1991 | 2017140 |
| the mutagenicity of azido derivatives of monosaccharides and alcohols and of n-(3-azido-2-hydroxypropyl) derivatives of purines and pyrimidines in arabidopsis thaliana and in salmonella typhimurium. | the azido derivatives of alcohols (3-azido-1,2-propandiol and 1,3-diazido-2-propanol) and monosaccharides (6-azido-6-deoxy-beta-d-glucose and 6-azido-6-deoxy-beta-d-galactose), as well as the proximal mutagenic product of sodium azide metabolism beta-azido-l-alanine, exhibited a high mutagenic activity in a higher plant arabidopsis thaliana and in salmonella typhimurium. in contrast, 11 n-(3-azido-2-hydroxypropyl) derivatives of purines and pyrimidines (adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine, 2-amin ... | 1991 | 2038273 |
| in vivo random beta-glucuronidase gene fusions in arabidopsis thaliana. | vectors were constructed for the isolation of random transcriptional and translational beta-glucuronidase gene fusions in plants. this system is based on the random integration of the transferred dna (t-dna) into the plant nuclear genome. the escherichia coli beta-glucuronidase coding sequence without promoter, and also devoid of its atg initiation site in the translational gene fusion vector, was inserted in the t-dna with its 5' end at a distance of 4 base pairs from the right t-dna border seq ... | 1991 | 2052601 |
| tissue-specific expression directed by an arabidopsis thaliana pre-ferredoxin promoter in transgenic tobacco plants. | we have isolated and analyzed a pre-ferredoxin gene from arabidopsis thaliana. this gene encodes a 148 amino acid precursor protein including a chloroplast transit peptide of 52 residues. southern analysis shows the presence of a single copy of this ferredoxin (fd) gene in the a. thaliana genome. its expression is tissue-specific and positively affected by light. response times, both to dark and light conditions, are remarkably rapid. a chimeric gene consisting of a 1.2 kb fd promoter fragment f ... | 1990 | 2102830 |
| isolation of single-copy-sequence clones from a yeast artificial chromosome library of randomly-sheared arabidopsis thaliana dna. | we describe the construction of a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) library from the arabidopsis thaliana genome. randomly sheared high molecular weight source dna was extracted from frozen, ground leaf tissue and blunt-end-ligated to the vector pyac3. by size-fractionating the ligation products, we achieved an average clone size of 150 kb. approximately 6% of the yacs contained inserts from the chloroplast genome. we screened clones equivalent to greater than four a. thaliana haploid nuclear ge ... | 1990 | 2102834 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of gpa1, a g protein alpha subunit gene from arabidopsis thaliana. | we have isolated a gene coding for a g protein alpha subunit from the flowering plant arabidopsis thaliana. this gene, named gpa1, was isolated by using a dna probe generated by polymerase chain reaction based on protein sequences from mammalian and yeast g protein alpha subunits. the sequences of genomic and cdna clones indicate that gpa1 has 14 exons, and the deduced amino acid sequence shows that the gpa1 gene product (gp alpha 1) has 383 amino acid residues (44,582 da). the gp alpha 1 protei ... | 1990 | 2111018 |
| the arabidopsis thaliana plasma membrane h(+)-atpase multigene family. genomic sequence and expression of a third isoform. | the plasma membrane of higher plants contains a h(+)-atpase as its major ion pump. this enzyme belongs to the p-type family of cation-translocating enzymes and generates the proton-motive force that drives solute uptake across the plasma membrane. in arabidopsis thaliana the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase is encoded by a multigene family (harper, j. f., surowy, t. k., and sussman, m. r. (1989) proc. natl. acad. sci. u. s. a. 86, 1234-1238). the complete genomic sequence of a third arabidopsis h(+)- ... | 1990 | 2143186 |
| arabidopsis is susceptible to infection by a downy mildew fungus. | a population of arabidopsis thaliana growing locally in a suburb of zürich called weiningen was observed to be infected with downy mildew. plants were collected and the progress of infection was investigated in artificial inoculations in the laboratory. the plants proved to be highly susceptible, and pronounced intercellular mycelial growth, haustoria formation, conidiophore production, and sporulation of the causal organism peronospora parasitica were all observed. the formation of oogonia, ant ... | 1990 | 2152169 |
| isolation of a gene encoding a novel chloroplast protein by t-dna tagging in arabidopsis thaliana. | a recessive pale mutation, designated as cs, was identified by transferred-dna (t-dna)-mediated insertional mutagenesis in arabidopsis thaliana. the pale mutation, cosegregating with the hygromycin resistance marker of the t-dna, was mapped to the position of the ch-42 (chlorata) locus on chromosome 4. lack of genetic complementation between cs and ch-42 mutants indicated allelism. plant boundaries of the t-dna insert rescued from the pale mutant were used as probes for the isolation of genomic ... | 1990 | 2158442 |