| poisonous plants in new zealand: a review of those that are most commonly enquired about to the national poisons centre. | new zealand has a number of plants, both native and introduced, contact with which can lead to poisoning. the new zealand national poisons centre (nznpc) frequently receives enquiries regarding exposures to poisonous plants. poisonous plants can cause harm following inadvertent ingestion, via skin contact, eye exposures or inhalation of sawdust or smoked plant matter. | 2012 | 23321887 |
| the broad spectrum 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase inhibitor n-oxalylglycine is present in rhubarb and spinach leaves. | 2-oxoglutarate (2og) and ferrous iron dependent oxygenases are involved in many biological processes in organisms ranging from humans (where some are therapeutic targets) to plants. these enzymes are of significant biomedicinal interest because of their roles in hypoxic signaling and epigenetic regulation. synthetic n-oxalylglycine (nog) has been identified as a broad-spectrum 2og oxygenase inhibitor and is currently widely used in studies on the hypoxic response and chromatin modifications in a ... | 2015 | 26196940 |
| further studies on oxalic acid biosynthesis in oxalate-accumulating plants. | l-ascorbic acid functions as a precursor of oxalic acid in several oxalate-accumulating plants. the present study extends this observation to include rumex crispus l. (curly dock), amaranthus retroflexus l. (red root pigweed), chenopodium album l. (lamb's-quarters), beta vulgaris l. (sugar beet), halogeton glomeratus m. bieb. (halogeton), and rheum rhabarbarum l. (rhubarb). several species with low oxalate content are also examined.when l-[1-(14)c]ascorbic acid is supplied to young seedlings of ... | 1978 | 16660342 |
| phytoremediation of textile dyes and effluents: current scenario and future prospects. | phytoremediation has emerged as a green, passive, solar energy driven and cost effective approach for environmental cleanup when compared to physico-chemical and even other biological methods. textile dyes and effluents are condemned as one of the worst polluters of our precious water bodies and soils. they are well known mutagenic, carcinogenic, allergic and cytotoxic agents posing threats to all life forms. plant based treatment of textile dyes is relatively new and hitherto has remained an un ... | 2015 | 26386310 |
| trans-resveratrol alone and hydroxystilbenes of rhubarb (rheum rhaponticum l.) root reduce liver damage induced by chronic ethanol administration: a comparative study in mice. | the hepatoprotective effects and pharmacokinetics of trans-resveratrol and hydroxystilbenes of the garden rhubarb (rheum rhaponticum l., r. rhaponticum) root ethanol extract were studied. ethanol was administered to male balb/c mice for 35 days in an inhalation chamber. during this time vehicle, trans-resveratrol (20 mg/kg per day) or r. rhaponticum extract was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered and mice were sacrificed for the collection of liver and blood. in an additional experiment, the l ... | 2009 | 19067386 |
| yin-chen-hao-tang alleviates biliary obstructive cirrhosis in rats by inhibiting biliary epithelial cell proliferation and activation. | yin-chen-hao-tang (ycht) consists of three aqueous extracts from artemisia capillaris, gardenia sp., and prepared rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) (3:2:1). ycht is characterized by its anti-inflammatory properties in liver regulation and relief of jaundice. we aimed to study the effects and mechanisms of action of ycht on biliary obstructive cirrhosis. | 2017 | 25829784 |
| plants and other natural products used in the management of oral infections and improvement of oral health. | challenges of resistance to synthetic antimicrobials have opened new vistas in the search for natural products. this article rigorously reviews plants and other natural products used in oral health: punica granatum l. (pomegranate), matricaria recutita l. (chamomile), camellia sinensis (l.) kuntze (green tea), chewing sticks made from diospyros mespiliformis hochst. ex a.d.c., diospyros lycioides desf., and salvadora persica l. (miswak), honey and propolis from the manuka tree (leptospermum scop ... | 2016 | 26522671 |
| aloe-emodin from rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in raw264.7 macrophages. | rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) has long been used for the treatment of inflammation in china and other asian countries. however, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory activity of this medicinal plant is not fully understood. the present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of anthraquinones, the major constituents in rhubarb, and the molecular mechanism involved in their anti-inflammatory effects. | 2014 | 24685589 |
| combined use of high-resolution α-glucosidase inhibition profiling and high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for investigation of antidiabetic principles in crude plant extracts. | type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder affecting millions of people worldwide, and new drug leads or functional foods containing selective α-glucosidase inhibitors are needed. crude extract of 24 plants were assessed for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. methanol extracts of cinnamomum zeylanicum bark, rheum rhabarbarum peel, and rheum palmatum root and ethyl acetate extracts of c. zeylanicum bark, allium ascalonicum peel, and r. palmatum root showed ic50 values below 20 μg/ml. subsequently, h ... | 2015 | 25652946 |
| rhein inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury during sepsis by blocking the toll-like receptor 4 nuclear factor-κb pathway. | sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality in severe systemic inflammatory syndrome. the endotoxin-induced inflammatory response has been linked to the development of sepsis. rhein is a lipophilic anthraquinone isolated from rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb), which has a protective effect on intestinal damage in vivo. however, the underlying mechanism responsible for the protective effects of rhein remains to be elucidated. in the present study, mice were exposed to 20 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide ( ... | 2015 | 26081522 |
| rheum rhabarbarum extract promotes healing of the incision through relieving inflammation and stimulating angiogenesis. | as one of the most important treatment strategies in clinic, surgery has improved to be more and more efficient and safe. however, the infection risk of incision caused by surgery is still the main concern of patients. in our research, we found extract of rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb) could be used to diminish this risk through promoting the healing of the incision. using mtt assay, flow cytometry and clinical statics, we also tried to explore the mechanism of rhubarb's effect. the data showed tha ... | 2016 | 27592494 |
| the twist-to-bend compliance of the rheum rhabarbarum petiole: integrated computations and experiments. | plant petioles can be considered as hierarchical cellular structures, displaying geometric features defined at multiple length scales. their macroscopic mechanical properties are the cumulative outcome of structural properties attained at each level of the structural hierarchy. this work appraises the compliance of a rhubarb stalk by determining the stalk's bending and torsional stiffness both computationally and experimentally. in our model, the irregular cross-sectional shape of the petiole an ... | 2017 | 27626758 |
| visualizing spatial distribution of small molecules in the rhubarb stalk (rheum rhabarbarum) by surface-transfer mass spectrometry imaging. | laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (ldi-msi) with gold nanoparticle-enhanced target (aunpet) was used for visualization of small molecules in the rhubarb stalk (rheum rhabarbarum l.). analysis was focused on spatial distribution of biologically active compounds which are found in rhubarb species. detected compounds belong to a very wide range of chemical compound classes such as anthraquinone derivatives and their glucosides, stilbenes, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, o ... | 2017 | 28426978 |
| enantioselective analysis of methyl-branched alcohols and acids in rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum l.) stalks. | the enantiomeric compositions of 2-methylbutanol (1), 4-methylhexanol (2), 2-methylbutanoic acid (3), and 4-methylhexanoic acid (4) present in rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum l.) stalks were determined. enantiodifferentiation was achieved via multidimensional gas chromatography using heptakis(2,3,6-tri-o-ethyl)-beta-cyclodextrin as a chiral stationary phase. for all compounds the enantiomeric ratios were in favor of the (r)-enantiomers. the alcohols (1 and 2) exhibited generally high excesses of the ... | 2003 | 14611176 |
| volatile constituents of uncooked rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum l.) stalks. | volatiles of rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum l.) stalks were isolated by means of vacuum headspace method and analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. fifty-nine components were reported for the first time in rhubarb. a striking feature of the extracts obtained is the preponderance (approximately 65%) of compounds with c(6) skeletons. in addition to unsaturated c(6) aldehydes and alcohols, substantial amounts of the less common (e)-2- and (e)-3-hexenoic acid were detected. gas chro ... | 2003 | 14558774 |
| computational study of the elastic properties of rheum rhabarbarum tissues via surrogate models of tissue geometry. | plant petioles and stems are hierarchical cellular structures, displaying geometrical features defined at multiple length scales. one or more of the intermediate hierarchical levels consists of tissues in which the cellular distribution is quasi-random, a factor that affects the elastic properties of the tissues. the current work focuses on the finite element analysis (fea) of the constituent tissues of the plant rheum rhabarbarum (rhubarb). the geometric model is generated via a recently introd ... | 2014 | 24480253 |
| therapeutic mechanism of yīn-chén-hāo decoction in hepatic diseases. | yīn-chén-hāo decoction (ychd) is a traditional chinese medicine formula composed of capillaris (artemisia capillaris), gardenia (gardenia jasminoides), and rhubarb (rheum rhabarbarum) that is used for the treatment of damp-heat jaundice. in modern clinics, ychd is mostly used for hepatic diseases. this review summarizes the biological activities of ychd and its medical applications. the main active compounds of ychd are chlorogenic acid, rhein, geniposide, emodin, and scoparone. the pharmacologi ... | 2017 | 28275293 |