| the effect of condensed tannins from seven herbages on trichostrongylus colubriformis larval migration in vitro. | the effects of condensed tannins (ct) extracted from seven forages on the motility of the economically important nematode, trichostrongylus colubriformis (giles, 1892), were evaluated by using a larval migration inhibition (lmi) assay. the assay involved incubation of third stage (l3) exsheathed t. colubriformis larvae with ct extracted from lotus pedunculatus, lotus corniculatus, sulla (hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (onobrychis viciifolia), dorycnium rectum, dorycnium pentaphyllum and dock (r ... | 2000 | 10833014 |
| ozone exposure thresholds and foliar injury on forest plants in switzerland. | canton ticino in southern switzerland is exposed to some of the highest concentrations of tropospheric ozone in europe. during recent field surveys in canton ticino, foliar symptoms identical to those caused by ozone have been documented on native tree and shrub species. in europe, the critical ozone level for forest trees has been defined at an aot40 of 10 ppm.h o3 (10 ppm.h accumulated exposure of ozone over a threshold of 40 ppb) during daylight hours over a six-month growing season. the obje ... | 2001 | 11202736 |
| effect of condensed tannins on egg hatching and larval development of trichostrongylus colubriformis in vitro. | the effects of condensed tannins extracted from seven forages on the viability of the eggs and first stage (l1) larvae of the sheep nematode trichostrongylus colubriformis were evaluated in in vitro assays. the extracts of condensed tannins were obtained from lotus pedunculatus (lp), lotus corniculatus (lc), sulla (hedysarum coronarium), sainfoin (onobrychus viciifolia), dorycnium pentaphylum (dp), dorycnium rectum (dr) and dock (rumex obtusifolius). extracts containing 200 to 500 microg/ml redu ... | 2002 | 11837588 |
| responses to ozone of insects feeding on a crop and a weed species. | the influence of ozone on insect herbivore growth and population development was investigated. fumigation of both pea (pisum sativum l.) and dock (rumex obtusifolius l.) at a range of o(3) concentrations between 21-206 nl litre(-1) produced changes in mean relative growth rates of the aphids acyrthosiphon pisum harris and aphis rumicis l. of between 24 and -6% relative to controls. however, there was no evidence of a dose-related response to o(3) fumigation and no clear differences in aphid resp ... | 1989 | 15092338 |
| spatial variation in bacillus thuringiensis/cereus populations within the phyllosphere of broad-leaved dock (rumex obtusifolius) and surrounding habitats. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and toxin gene diversity of bacillus thuringiensis/b. cereus in the phyllosphere of broad-leaved dock (rumex obtusifolius) at a small spatial scale. b. thuringiensis/cereus populations were isolated from the phyllosphere of dock and neighbouring grass and in neighbouring soil using commercially available selective media which avoided the disadvantageous heat-shock selection procedure. the maximum density of b. thuringiensis/cereus in the dock ... | 2005 | 16332339 |
| ethnoveterinary medicines used to treat endoparasites and stomach problems in pigs and pets in british columbia, canada. | this paper documents the medicinal plants used to treat endoparasites and stomach problems in dogs, cats and pigs in british columbia, canada. ethnoveterinary data was collected over a 6-month period in 2003. the majority of the information on pets came from 2 naturopaths, 10 herbalists, 5 dog trainers, breeders and pet shop owners, 9 holistic veterinarians and 6 of 27 organic farmers. two pig farmers joined the study in the final stages. the following plants were used as anthelmintics: artemisi ... | 2007 | 17628343 |
| larval survival of fuller's rose weevil, naupactus cervinus, on common groundcover species in orchards of new zealand kiwifruit. | fuller's rose weevil, naupactus cervinus (boheman) (curculionidae: entiminae), is an important quarantine pest of new zealand kiwifruit exported to asian markets. both adults and larvae are considered to be polyphagous. in this study, the survival of larval n. cervinus was estimated on common groundcover species of kiwifruit (actinidia spp.) in the bay of plenty, the main region in new zealand where kiwifruit is grown. the botanical composition of groundcover in commercial kiwifruit orchards, ch ... | 2008 | 20298112 |
| the effects of condensed tannins extracted from different plant species on egg hatching and larval development of teladorsagia circumcincta (nematoda: trichostrongylidae). | the effects of condensed tannins (cts) extracted from five species of plants on egg hatching and larval development of teladorsagia circumcincta (stadelmann, 1894) (syn. ostertagia circumcincta) were evaluated using in vitro bioassays. the extracts of cts were obtained from lotus pedunculatus (lp), lotus corniculatus (lc), dorycnium pentaphyllum (dp), dorycnium rectum (dr) and rumex obtusifolius (ro). the results of egg hatching assay showed that about 53%, 68%, 51%, 60% and 46% of the eggs hatc ... | 2010 | 20450000 |
| herbivore resistance of invasive fallopia species and their hybrids. | hybridization has been proposed as a mechanism by which exotic plants can increase their invasiveness. by generating novel recombinants, hybridization may result in phenotypes that are better adapted to the new environment than their parental species. we experimentally assessed the resistance of five exotic fallopia taxa, f. japonica var. japonica, f. sachalinensis and f. baldschuanica, the two hybrids f. × bohemica and f. × conollyana, and the common european plants rumex obtusifolius and tarax ... | 2011 | 21656300 |
| persistence of seed bank under thick volcanic deposits twenty years after eruptions of mount usu, hokkaido island, japan. | the topsoil that contained the seed bank became buried under thick tephra after the eruptions of mount usu during 1977 and 1978. to determine the seed bank potential of the topsoil 20 yr after the eruptions, i.e., in 1998, 408 100-cm(3) samples were excavated under 115-185 cm of volcanic deposits. the topsoil was collected at 10-cm intervals along the horizontal scale and was divided into a 0-5 cm deep upper layer and a 5-10 cm deep lower layer. the seed bank was estimated by both the germinatio ... | 2001 | 21669614 |
| a new virus discovered by immunocapture of double-stranded rna, a rapid method for virus enrichment in metagenomic studies. | next-generation sequencing technologies enable the rapid identification of viral infection of diseased organisms. however, despite a consistent decrease in sequencing costs, it is difficult to justify their use in large-scale surveys without a virus sequence enrichment technique. as the majority of plant viruses have an rna genome, a common approach is to extract the double-stranded rna (dsrna) replicative form, to enrich the replicating virus genetic material over the host background. the tradi ... | 2016 | 26990372 |
| decision making by generalist and specialist aphids with the same genotype. | one idea to explain the high incidence of specialisation in phytophagous insects is that their nervous systems are simple and unable to efficiently recognise multiple host plants. here this 'neural limitations' hypothesis is tested using a generalist (the summer winged virginopara) and specialist (the autumn gynopara) morph of a single clone of the black bean aphid, aphis fabae, that are almost identical morphologically and have the same genotype. electrical monitoring of stylet behaviour and no ... | 2003 | 12837318 |
| intraguild predators and the spatial distribution of a parasitoid. | an experimental plot of the aphid aphis fabae on various host plant species was colonized by natural populations of the aphidiine parasitoid lysiphlebus fabarum and insect predators, especially coccinellids. parasitism of a. fabae by l. fabarum was significantly depressed on plants bearing coccinellids. the number of parasitized aphids increased with aphid abundance on three plant species (papaver dubium, rumex obtusifolius, vicia faba), but not on the plant species (chenopodium album) which bor ... | 2000 | 28308774 |
| biphasic fluence response curves for induction of seed germination. | fluence-response curves for the induction of seed germination after 24 hours pretreatment at 35 degrees c of rumex obtusifolius and arabidopsis thaliana show two phases of response: (a) a very low fluence-response (10(-4) - 10(-1) micromoles per square meter) and (b) a low fluence-response (1 - 10(3) micromoles per square meter). | 1985 | 16664390 |
| interactions of light and a temperature shift on seed germination. | germination of rumex obtusifolius l. seeds is potentiated to an observable degree in 2 minutes by a single shift in temperature from 20 to 35 c. half-maximal potentiation requires less than 32 minutes at the higher temperature. similar sensitivities to shifts in temperature were observed for seeds of barbarea vulgaris, r.br. b. verna (mill.) asch., and lepidium virginicum l. a shift in temperature interacts strongly with change in form of phytochrome induced by light on germination of the four k ... | 1972 | 16657910 |
| effects of inorganic salts on tissue permeability. | inorganic solutes are shown to alter the permeability of root and leaf tissues. experiments with beet root tissues reveal that cacl(2) decreases leakage of betacyanin from the tissue, that (nh(4))(2)so(4) increases leakage, and that each salt can relieve the effects of the other. a comparison of cations and anions shows a range of effects with the various solutes. experiments with rumex obtusifolius l. leaf discs reveal that whereas cacl(2) defers the development of senescence, (nh(4))(2)so(4) h ... | 1976 | 16659643 |
| ethnoveterinary herbal remedies used by farmers in four north-eastern swiss cantons (st. gallen, thurgau, appenzell innerrhoden and appenzell ausserrhoden). | very few ethnoveterinary surveys have been conducted in central europe. however, traditional knowledge on the use of medicinal plants might be an option for future concepts in treatment of livestock diseases. therefore the aim of this study was to document and analyse the traditional knowledge and use of homemade herbal remedies for livestock by farmers in four swiss cantons. | 2014 | 24685062 |
| long-term responsiveness to free air co2 enrichment of functional types, species and genotypes of plants from fertile permanent grassland. | to test inter- and intraspecific variability in the responsiveness to elevated co2, 9-14 different genotypes of each of 12 perennial species from fertile permanent grassland were grown in lolium perenne swards under ambient (35 pa) and elevated (60 pa) atmospheric partial pressure of co2 (pco2) for 3 years in a free air carbon dioxide enrichment (face) experiment. the plant species were grouped according to their functional types: grasses (l. perenne, l. multiflorum, arrhenatherum elatius, dacty ... | 1997 | 28307292 |
| interaction of light and temperature on the germination of rumex obtusifolius l. | seeds (nutlets) of rumex obtusifolius l. fail to germinate in darkness at 25° c, but are stimulated by short exposure to red light (r) the effectiveness of which can be negated by a subsequent short exposure to far red light (f) indicating phytochrome control. short periods of elevated temperature treatment (e.g. 5 min at 35° c) can induce complete germination in darkness. although short f cannot revert the effect of 35° c treatment, cycling the phytochrome pool by exposure to short r before sho ... | 1981 | 24302417 |