| characterization of a bacteriophage for carnobacterium divergens ncfb 2763 by host specificity and electron microscopy. | carnobacterium divergens ncfb 2763 was used to isolate bacteriophage cd1 from minced beef using an enrichment isolation technique. host specificity testing showed that it exhibited lytic activity only against a limited number of c. divergens strains. no activity was observed against any of the c. gallinarum, c. mobile, c. piscicola, enterococcus durans, lactobacillus plantarum and lact. brevis strains tested. anaerobic incubation had no effect on the host specificity pattern. bacteriophage cd1 b ... | 1997 | 9449854 |
| the differentiation of carnobacterium divergens using the random amplification of polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction technique. | the potential of the randomly amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) technique to differentiate carnobacterium divergens from other members of the genus carnobacterium was examined. a numerical analysis of the genomic profiles obtained demonstrated that it was possible to differentiate the c. divergens strains from other carnobacterium strains using this technique. the heterogeneity observed in the representatives of the species c. piscicola adds further weight to the sug ... | 2000 | 10849274 |
| isolation and characterization of carnobacterium, lactococcus, and enterococcus spp. from cooked, modified atmosphere packaged, refrigerated, poultry meat. | the microbiota of commercially produced, cooked and modified atmosphere packaged poultry meat was followed during storage at 3.5 degrees c for up to 7 weeks. the dominant microbiota consisted of lactococcus raffinolactis (117 isolates), carnobacterium divergens (61 isolates), carnobacterium piscicola (11 isolates), lactococcus garvieae (four isolates), lactococcus lactis (one isolate) and enterococcus faecalis (three isolates). all isolates were screened for production of bacteriocins. only c. p ... | 2000 | 11139026 |
| description of a simple detection assay for in situ production of bacteriocin on meat. | using a modification of the agar diffusion assay, in situ bacteriocin production on meat was analyzed using cooked meat medium (cmm) and sterile pork tissue (lean and fat) with carnobacterium piscicola lv17 as the producer and carnobacterium divergens lv13 as the indicator strains. contrary to what is observed in apt broth, bacteriocin production by c. piscicola lv17 occurred with growth at low inoculum levels (< or =10(4) cfu/cm2 or g of meat) on disks (10 cm2) of pork fat tissue (ph 6.58) and ... | 2001 | 11271779 |
| the effect of biogenic amine production by single bacterial cultures and metabiosis on cold-smoked salmon. | biogenic amines are important indicators of spoilage in vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon. it is the aim of this study to identify bacteria responsible for biogenic amine production in cold-smoked salmon. | 2000 | 11123465 |
| numerical phenetic study of the genus carnobacterium. | eighty-nine strains representing the genus carnobacterium, enterococcus durans, vagacoccus salmoninarum and atypical lactobacillus strains mt12 and mt13 were examined for 92 unit characters. computer analysis of the data resulted in the recovery of four major, five minor and thirteen single membered clusters. three cluster-groups contained seventy-four of the carnobacterium strains, enterococcus durans ncfb 596t and lactobacillus maltaromicus ncfb 2382t. cluster-group a was equated with carnobac ... | 2000 | 11016698 |
| use of two-dimensional electrophoresis to study differential protein expression in divercin v41-resistant and wild-type strains of listeria monocytogenes. | the use of bacteriocins from food-grade lactic acid bacteria to fight against the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes has been gaining interest. however, the emergence of resistant cells is frequently reported when listeria is exposed to such antibacterials. a two-dimensional electrophoresis study of whole-cell protein expression of listeria monocytogenes variants sensitive or resistant to the action of a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41, divercin v41, is reported in t ... | 2000 | 11010876 |
| simple method to identify bacteriocin induction peptides and to auto-induce bacteriocin production at low cell density. | the production of some bacteriocins by lactic acid bacteria is regulated by induction peptides (ips) that are secreted by a dedicated secretion system. the ip gene cbax, for carnobacteriocin a production by carnobacterium piscicola lv17a, and a presumptive ip gene (orf6), associated with the genetic locus for enterocin b production in enterococcus faecium bfe 900, were fused to the signal peptide of the bacteriocin divergicin a from carnobacterium divergens lv13 to access the general secretory p ... | 2000 | 10802168 |
| triton x-114 phase partitioning for the isolation of a pediocin-like bacteriocin from carnobacterium divergens. | a new procedure combining triton x-114 phase partitioning and cation exchange chromatography was developed to purify a bacteriocin from a complex culture medium. this pediocin-like bacteriocin, secreted by carnobacterium divergens and named divercin v41, was entirely recovered in the lower detergent-rich phase whereas all other substances (compounds from culture medium, bacterial metabolites) remained in the upper detergent-poor phase. subsequent cation-exchange chromatography of the tx-114-rich ... | 2000 | 10728559 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by in situ produced and semipurified bacteriocins of carnobacterium spp. on vacuum-packed, refrigerated cold-smoked salmon. | listeria monocytogenes inhibition by carnobacterium strains and crude bacteriocins on sterile and commercial vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon stored at 4 degrees c and 8 degrees c was investigated. carnobacterium piscicola v1 was bactericidal against l. monocytogenes at the two temperatures, whereas carnobacterium divergens v41 presented a bacteriostatic effect. c. piscicola sf668 delayed l. monocytogenes growth at 8 degrees c and had a bacteriostatic effect at 4 degrees c. listeria growth was n ... | 1999 | 10606143 |
| molecular and physiological characterization of dominant bacterial populations in traditional mozzarella cheese processing | the development of the dominant bacterial populations during traditional mozzarella cheese production was investigated using physiological analyses and molecular techniques for strain typing and taxonomic identification. analysis of rapd fingerprints revealed that the dominant bacterial community was composed of 25 different biotypes, and the sequence analysis of 16s rdna demonstrated that the isolated strains belonged to leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, leuc. lactis, streptococcu ... | 1999 | 10583686 |
| delineation of key amino acid side chains and peptide domains for antimicrobial properties of divercin v41, a pediocin-like bacteriocin secreted by carnobacterium divergens v41. | divercin v41 (dv41) is a class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41. this antilisterial peptide is homologous to pediocin pa-1 and contains two disulfide bonds. to establish the structure-activity relationships of this specific family of bacteriocin, chemical modifications and enzymatic hydrolysis were performed on dv41. alteration of the net charge of this cationic bacteriocin by succinylation and acetylation revealed that, in a certain range, the electrostatic interactions ... | 1999 | 10388680 |
| identification of lactic acid bacteria from spoilage associations of cooked and brined shrimps stored under modified atmosphere between 0 degrees c and 25 degrees c. | to evaluate spoilage and identify lactic acid bacteria (lab) from spoilage associations of cooked and brined shrimps stored under modified atmosphere packaging (map) at 0, 5, 8, 15 and 25 degrees c. | 2003 | 12492927 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by carnobacterium spp. strains in a simulated cold smoked fish system stored at 4 degrees c. | preservation of smoked salmon from bacterial spoilage, and especially from listeria monocytogenes by bacteriocin producers is a promising challenge. over a hundred lactic acid bacteria, isolated from commercial vacuum packaged cold smoked salmon, were screened for their antagonistic activity against l. innocua. twenty-two strains were able to produce bacteriocin-like proteinaceous substances. these strains were characterized physiologically and biochemically as carnobacterium strains. three diff ... | 1999 | 10357271 |
| enumeration of carnobacterium divergens v41, carnobacterium piscicola v1 and lactobacillus brevis lb62 by in situ hybridization-flow cytometry. | the specific detection and enumeration of lactobacillus brevis lb62, carnobacterium divergens v14 and carnobacterium piscicola vi were studied by in situ hybridization-flow cytometry. the method was performed on the exponential growth phase with three probes targeting 16s rrna labelled with fluorescein isothicyanate (fitc): eub338 probe universal for eubacteria, lb probe specific for lact. brevis and cb probe specific for the genus carnobacterium. eub338 was used to determine the permeabilizatio ... | 1998 | 9830150 |
| influence of antimicrobial agents on the spoilage of a meat-based entomophage diet. | the microbial decomposition of a meat-based entomophage diet presented in parafilm packets was investigated. considerable bacteria but not fungi were associated with components used to prepare the diet (i.e., hens' eggs, liver, and ground beef). at the initial sampling time, there were no differences among diet treatments in the size of bacterial or fungal populations. bacterial populations in diets not containing antibacterial agents rapidly increased and reached an asymptote by 24 h (approxima ... | 2004 | 15154441 |
| divercin v41, a new bacteriocin with two disulphide bonds produced by carnobacterium divergens v41: primary structure and genomic organization. | divercin v41 is a new bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41, a lactic acid bacterium isolated from fish viscera. the amino acid sequence of divercin v41 showed high homologies with pediocin pa-1 and enterocin a. two disulphide bonds were present in the hydrophilic n-terminal domain and in the highly variable hydrophobic c-terminal domain, respectively. a dna probe designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified peptide was used to locate the structural gene of divercin v41. ... | 1998 | 9802025 |
| enhancement of bacteriocin production by carnobacterium divergens as7 in the presence of a bacteriocin-sensitive strain carnobacterium piscicola. | the effect of carnobacterium piscicola in the growth medium of carnobacterium divergens on divercin production was studied. c. piscicola cultures were added in the form of living cultures, thermally inactivated cultures and pretreated autolyzed cultures. each form was applied as whole culture comprising growth medium with cells, culture supernatants and cell pellets. it was found that the divercin-sensitive bacterium enhanced significantly the divercin production by c. divergens. the highest sti ... | 1998 | 9706799 |
| evaluation of the extent and type of bacterial contamination at different stages of processing of cooked ham. | in an attempt to determine the composition and origin of the spoilage flora of refrigerated vacuum-packed cooked ham, the changes in microbial numbers and types were followed along the processing line. results revealed lactobacillus sake and leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides as the major causative agents of spoilage of sliced ham stored at 4 degrees c and 12 degrees c, due to recontamination in the cutting room. on the contrary, the progressive deterioration of whole ham under the sam ... | 1998 | 9633662 |
| effects of physico-chemical factors influencing tyramine production by carnobacterium divergens. | tyramine production by a strain of carnobacterium divergens was tested in relation to different conditions of ph, temperature, glucose, oxygen availability, potassium nitrate and sodium chloride content, using a combination of a doehlert and plackett-burman experimental design. a second degree polynomial model was chosen to describe tyramine production which was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. maximal tyramine production occurred during the stationary phase in acidic condit ... | 1997 | 9246769 |
| double-glycine-type leader peptides direct secretion of bacteriocins by abc transporters: colicin v secretion in lactococcus lactis. | many non-lantibiotic bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria are produced as precursors which have n-terminal leader peptides that share similarities in amino acid sequence and contain a conserved processing site of two glycine residues in positions -1 and -2. a dedicated atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of the leader peptides and subsequent translocation of the bacteriocins across the cytoplasmic membrane. to investigate the role that these leader ... | 1997 | 9106219 |
| expression of the antimicrobial peptide carnobacteriocin b2 by a signal peptide-dependent general secretory pathway. | carnobacteriocin b2 is a well-characterized class ii bacteriocin produced by a 61-kb plasmid from carnobacterium piscicola lv17. export of this bacteriocin is dependent on specific abc (atp-binding cassette) secretion proteins. divergicin a is a strongly hydrophobic narrow-spectrum bacteriocin produced by a 3.4-kb plasmid from carnobacterium divergens lv13. predivergicin a contains a signal peptide and utilizes the general secretary pathway for export (r. w. worobo, m. j. van belkum, m. sailer, ... | 1996 | 8900000 |
| divergicin 750, a novel bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens 750. | divergicin 750, a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens 750, preferentially inhibited the growth of strains of carnobacterium and enterococcus. selected strains of listeria monocytogenes and clostridium perfringens were also inhibited. the bacteriocin was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential s-sepharose, hydrophobic interaction and reversed phase chromatography. the complete amino acid sequence was determined by edman degradation. the peptide consis ... | 1996 | 8869500 |
| a signal peptide secretion-dependent bacteriocin from carnobacterium divergens. | divergicin a is a strongly hydrophobic, narrow-spectrum, nonlantibiotic bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens lv13. this strain of c. divergens contains a 3.4-kb plasmid that mediates production of, and immunity to, the bacteriocin. n-terminal amino acid sequencing of the purified divergicin a was used to locate the structural gene (dvna). the structural gene encodes a prepeptide of 75 amino acids consisting of a 29-amino-acid n-terminal extension and a mature peptide of 46 amino acid ... | 1995 | 7768812 |
| transfer of streptococcus adjacens and streptococcus defectivus to abiotrophia gen. nov. as abiotrophia adiacens comb. nov. and abiotrophia defectiva comb. nov., respectively. | we performed this study to determine the 16s rrna sequences of the type strains of streptococcus adjacens and streptococcus defectivus and to calculate the phylogenetic distances between these two nutritionally variant streptococci (nvs) and other members of the genus streptococcus. s. adjacens and s. defectivus belonged to one cluster, but this cluster was not closely related to other streptococcal species. a comparative analysis of the sequences of these organisms and other low-g+c-content gra ... | 1995 | 7547302 |
| amines in fresh beef of normal ph and the role of bacteria in changes in concentration observed during storage in vacuum packs at chill temperatures. | the amine content of fresh and vacuum-packaged beef of normal ph stored at 1 degree c was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography of dansyl derivatives. fresh samples contained five amines, viz. putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, spermine and spermidine. development of a natural spoilage flora during storage led to increases in concentration of putrescine and cadaverine and the production of a sixth amine, tyramine. pure culture meat inoculation experiments showed tyramine formation ... | 1987 | 3440765 |
| glucose metabolism by lactobacillus divergens. | earlier studies on the fermentation of d-[1-14c]- and d-[3,4-14c]glucose by lactobacillus divergens showed that lactate was the major fermentation product and that it was probably produced by glycolysis. it was therefore recommend that l. divergens be reclassified as a homofermentative organism. in the present investigation, products of d-[1-14c]-,d-[2-14c]- and d-[3,4-14c]glucose fermented by l. divergens were isolated, and their specific radioactivities and the distribution patterns of radioac ... | 1988 | 3253406 |
| numerical taxonomy of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria from prepacked meat and meat products. | ninety-four strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from refrigerated, prepacked meat and meat products were together with 59 reference strains of brochothrix, lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus phenotypically classified, using 96 unit characters. data were examined using simple matching (ssm) or jaccard coefficient (sj), and unweighted pair group algorithm with arithmetic averages. twenty-three clusters with two or more members were defined at the 84% ssm-similarity leve ... | 1988 | 3178187 |
| 16s rrna sequence determination for members of the genus carnobacterium and related lactic acid bacteria and description of vagococcus salmoninarum sp. nov. | the phylogenetic interrelationships of members of the genus carnobacterium and some atypical lactobacilli isolated from diseased salmonid fish were investigated by using reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16s rrna. the four species carnobacterium piscicola, carnobacterium divergens, carnobacterium gallinarum, and carnobacterium mobile exhibited a high degree of sequence similarity with each other (ca. 96 to 98%) and formed a phylogenetically coherent group that was quite distinct from all other ... | 1990 | 1697764 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide probes for the rapid detection and identification of carnobacterium species from meat. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used selectively to amplify specific rdna sequences of carnobacterium divergens, c. mobile, c. piscicola and c. gallinarum in purified dna extracts, crude cell lysates and food samples. the pcr products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis and identified, at species level, by hybridization reactions with three specific oligonucleotide probes for c. divergens, c. mobile and c. piscicola/c. gallinarum designed from 16s rrna sequence data. the pcr w ... | 1992 | 1381346 |
| antimicrobial activity of divercin rv41 produced and secreted by lactococcus lactis. | divercin v41 is a class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41 with a strong anti-listeria activity. we have previously produced a recombinant form of divercin v41 (dvnrv41) in escherichia coli strain origami, by cloning a synthetic gene that codes for a mature divercin rv41 peptide. in this work we describe the inducible expression and secretion of dvnrv41 in the food-grade lactic acid bacterium, lactococcus lactis. the production of dvnrv41 by recombinant l. lactis was confir ... | 2007 | 17827978 |
| growth of carnobacterium divergens v41 and production of biogenic amines and divercin v41 in sterile cold-smoked salmon extract at varying temperatures, nacl levels, and glucose concentrations. | a complete factorial design 2(3) was used to study some aspects of carnobacterium divergens v41 metabolism (growth, biogenic amine production, and divercin v41 production) in sterile cold-smoked salmon extract (sse) at varying temperatures (3 to 9 degrees c), nacl levels (2.5 to 6.5%), and glucose concentrations (2 to 6 g liter(-1)). the results showed that temperature and nacl content were the most influential factors on growth parameters in sse. predictive models are suggested for the assessme ... | 2002 | 11848564 |
| bacteriocin production by spray-dried lactic acid bacteria. | cell survival and antagonistic activity against listeria innocua, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus were investigated after spray-drying three bacteriocin-producing strains of lactic acid bacteria: carnobacterium divergens, lactobacillus salivarius and lactobacillus sakei. | 2002 | 11849498 |
| sensory, chemical and bacteriological changes in vacuum-packed pressurised squid mantle (todaropsis eblanae) stored at 4 degrees c. | sensory, chemical and bacteriological changes were studied in vacuum-packed squid mantles (todaropsis eblanae) that were pressurised at 150, 200, 300 and 400 megapascal (mpa) for 15 min at ambient temperature and stored at 4 degrees c. sensory analysis showed that the higher the pressurisation the longer the shelf-life. thus, the lot pressurised at 400 mpa was rejected after 28 days' storage compared with 7 days for the untreated lot. the chemical results generally corresponded with the sensory ... | 2002 | 11929163 |
| change in the composition of the microflora on vacuum-packaged beef during chiller storage. | five fresh beefcut samples were divided into 10 pieces, respectively, vacuum-packaged and stored at 2 degrees c for up to 6 weeks. the average ph values of five pieces from five beef samples were 5.62 +/- 0.04 at the start of storage and 5.12 +/- 0.07 after 6 weeks of storage. the pieces were homogenized, diluted and cultivated at weekly intervals on glucose-blood-liver (bl), de man rogosa and sharpe (mrs) and trypticase soya (ts) agars at 7 degrees c for 10-14 days. from plates with 30-300 colo ... | 2002 | 11929174 |
| divercin v41 from gene characterization to food applications: 1998-2008, a decade of solved and unsolved questions. | the emergence of an increasing number of antibiotic resistant human clinical bacteria has been a great cause of concern for the last decades. as an example, staphylococcus aureus isolates in the hospital environment are becoming more and more resistant to antibiotics including vancomycin which is considered as a last line of defence in treatment of staphylococcus aureus-resistant methicillin. on the other hand, food safety is threatened by development of pathogenic bacteria including listeria mo ... | 2009 | 19018960 |
| production of biogenic amines and divercin v41 in cold smoked salmon inoculated with carnobacterium divergens v41, and specific detection of this strain by multiplex-pcr. | the objective of this study was to determine the technological behaviour (implantation and biogenic amines production) of carnobacterium divergens v41, an anti-listeria bacteriocin producer (divercin v41), after inoculation in cold smoked salmon (css). | 2002 | 11966900 |
| characterization of carnobacterium divergens strain 6251 isolated from intestine of arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.). | an atypical strain of carnobacterium divergens, strain 6251, was isolated from the small intestine of arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.), fed high dietary carbohydrate. this strain showed marked growth inhibitory effects in vitro against the fish pathogens aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida (furunculosis), vibrio anguillarum (vibriosis) and vibrio viscocus (winter ulcer). the strain is a non-motile gram-positive psychrotrophic rod that lacks both catalase and oxidase, grows at ph 9.1 (ct ... | 2002 | 12086178 |
| insights into structure-activity relationships in the c-terminal region of divercin v41, a class iia bacteriocin with high-level antilisterial activity. | divercin v41 (dvnv41) is a class iia bacteriocin with potent antilisterial activity isolated from carnobacterium divergens v41. previously, we expressed from a synthetic gene, in escherichia coli origami, a recombinant dvnv41 designated dvnrv41, which possesses four additional amino acids (amdp) in the n-terminal region that result from enzymatic cleavage and retains the initial dvnv41 activity. to unravel the relationship between the structure of dvnrv41 and its particularly elevated activity, ... | 2009 | 19181835 |
| differentiation of closely related carnobacterium food isolates based on 16s-23s ribosomal dna intergenic spacer region polymorphism. | a novel strategy for identification of carnobacterium food isolates based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of pcr-amplified 16s-23s ribosomal intergenic spacer regions (isrs) was developed. pcr amplification from all carnobacterium strains studied always yielded three isr amplicons, which were designated the small isr (s-isr), the medium isr (m-isr), and the large isr (l-isr). the lengths of these isrs varied from one species to another. carnobacterium divergens ncdo 2763(t) an ... | 2002 | 12406725 |
| leuconostoc gasicomitatum is the dominating lactic acid bacterium in retail modified-atmosphere-packaged marinated broiler meat strips on sell-by-day. | lactic acid bacteria (lab) in retail, modified-atmosphere-packaged (map), marinated broiler meat strips on sell-by-day were mainly identified as leuconostoc gasicomitatum. a total of 32 packages, three to five packages of seven differently marinated broiler meat products, were studied at the end of the producer-defined shelf life (at 6 degrees c, 7-9 days depending on the manufacturer). prior to the microbiological analyses, appearance and smell of the product was checked and ph measured. bacter ... | 2003 | 12430775 |
| evidence on inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by divercin v41 action. | the aim of this study was to investigate the role of divercin v41 in inhibition and prevention of listeria monocytogenes. | 2003 | 12680940 |
| generation and utilization of polyclonal antibodies to a synthetic c-terminal amino acid fragment of divercin v41, a class iia bacteriocin. | polyclonal antibodies have been generated by immunization of rabbits with a chemically synthesized c-terminal part of divercin v41 (dvnct) conjugated to the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh). the sensitivity and reactivity of the dvnct-klh-generated antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using supernatant from cultures of 13 representative lactic acid bacterium strains, and specificity was confirmed by western blot analysis. anti-dvnct-klh antibodies ... | 2004 | 14711648 |
| heterologous expression and purification of active divercin v41, a class iia bacteriocin encoded by a synthetic gene in escherichia coli. | divercin v41, a class iia bacteriocin with strong antilisterial activity, is produced by carnobacterium divergens v41. to express a recombinant version of divercin v41, we constructed a synthetic gene that encodes the mature divercin v41 peptide and then overexpressed the gene in pet-32b by using the t7 rna polymerase promoter in the escherichia coli origami (de3)(plyss) strain. the dvnrv41 peptide was expressed as a translational fusion protein with thioredoxin and accumulated in the cell cytop ... | 2004 | 15205430 |
| microbiological studies of ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas. | native microorganisms from some ethnic meat products of the eastern himalayas such as lang kargyong, yak kargyong, faak kargyong, lang satchu, yak satchu and suka ko masu were isolated and characterized. the bacterial isolates included lactobacillus sake, lactobacillus curvatus, lactobacillus divergens, lactobacillus carnis, lactobacillus sanfrancisco, lactobacillus plantarum, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus brevis, enterococcus faecium, leuconostoc mesenteroides, pediococcus pentosaceous, ba ... | 2010 | 20416835 |
| explorative multivariate analyses of 16s rrna gene data from microbial communities in modified-atmosphere-packed salmon and coalfish. | modified-atmosphere packaging (map) of foods in combination with low-temperature storage extends product shelf life by limiting microbial growth. we investigated the microbial biodiversity of map salmon and coalfish by using an explorative approach and analyzing both the total amounts of bacteria and the microbial group composition (both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria). real-time pcr analyses revealed a surprisingly large difference in the microbial loads for the different fish samples. the micr ... | 2004 | 15294842 |
| biodiversity of listeria monocytogenes sensitivity to bacteriocin-producing carnobacterium strains and application in sterile cold-smoked salmon. | the aim of this study was to demonstrate the inhibitory capacity of carnobacterium strains against a collection of listeria monocytogenes strains in cold-smoked salmon (css). | 2004 | 15479419 |
| purification, characterization and amino acid sequencing of divergicin m35: a novel class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens m35. | carnobacterium divergens m35, isolated from a commercial sample of frozen smoked mussels, produces a new bacteriocin, divergicin m35, a class iia bacteriocin. divergicin m35 is sensitive to pronase-e, alpha-chymotrypsin and proteinase k, but not to trypsin and withstands thermal treatments up to 121 degrees c for 30 min. divergicin m35 was extracted from the culture supernatant of c. divergens m35 using an sp-sepharose cation-exchange column, desalted and purified on a c18 sep-pack column and fu ... | 2004 | 15541799 |
| enterococcus species dominating in fresh modified-atmosphere-packaged, marinated broiler legs are overgrown by carnobacterium and lactobacillus species during storage at 6 degrees c. | in order to show which of the initial lactic acid bacteria (lab) contaminants are also causing spoilage of a modified-atmosphere-packaged (map), marinated broiler leg product at 6 degrees c, lab were enumerated and identified on the 2nd and 17th days following manufacture. a total of 8 fresh and 13 spoiled packages were studied for lab levels. in addition, aerobic mesophilic bacteria and enterobacteriaceae were determined. the average cfu/g values in the 8 fresh packages were 1.3 x 10(3), 9.8 x ... | 2005 | 15582737 |
| carnobacterium divergens and carnobacterium maltaromaticum as spoilers or protective cultures in meat and seafood: phenotypic and genotypic characterization. | carnobacterium, a genus of lactic acid bacteria, frequently dominate the microflora of chilled vacuum- or modified atmosphere-packed meat and seafood. in this study carnobacterium isolates were characterized by phenotypic and molecular methods in order to investigate the association of species and intra-species groups with distinct kinds of meat and seafood. of 120 test strains, 50 originated from meat (beef and pork products, including 44 strains isolated during this study and 6 strains obtaine ... | 2005 | 15830808 |
| production of biogenic amines by lactic acid bacteria and enterobacteria isolated from fresh pork sausages packaged in different atmospheres and kept under refrigeration. | the occurrence of in vitro amino acid activity in bacterial strains associated with fresh pork sausages packaged in different atmospheres and kept in refrigeration was studied. the presence of biogenic amines in decarboxylase broth was confirmed by ion-exchange chromatography and by the presence of the corresponding decarboxylase genes by pcr. from the 93 lactic acid bacteria and 100 enterobacteria strains analysed, the decarboxylase medium underestimates the number of biogenic amine-producer st ... | 2011 | 21316866 |
| effect of inoculation of carnobacterium divergens v41, a bio-preservative strain against listeria monocytogenes risk, on the microbiological, chemical and sensory quality of cold-smoked salmon. | the aim of this study was to develop a bio-preservation strategy for cold-smoked salmon (css) by the use of lactic acid bacteria previously selected for their capability to inhibit the growth of listeria monocytogenes in the product. the spoiling potential of three carnobacterium strains (carnobacterium divergens v41, carnobacterium piscicola v1 and sf668) was tested in sterile css blocks inoculated by 10(4-5) cfu g(-)(1) and stored under vacuum for 9 days at 4 degrees c followed by 19 days at 8 ... | 2005 | 15979753 |
| characterization of the theta-type plasmid pcd3.4 from carnobacterium divergens, and modulation of its host range by repa mutation. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the 3475 bp plasmid pcd3.4 from carnobacterium divergens lv13, which encodes the bacteriocin divergicin a, was determined. nucleotide sequence, deletion and complementation analyses revealed the presence of a trans-acting replication protein, repa, and dna sequences involved in plasmid replication and copy-number control. the dna region preceding the repa gene probably contains the origin of replication. this sequence includes four and a half direct repeats (i ... | 2006 | 16385127 |
| innate immune responses in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) induced by probiotics. | carnobacterium maltaromaticum b26 and carnobacterium divergens b33, which were isolated from the intestine of healthy rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum), were selected as being potentially useful as probiotics with effectiveness against aeromonas salmonicida and yersinia ruckeri. thus, rainbow trout administered with feed supplemented with b26 or b33 dosed at >10(7) cells g(-1) feed conferred protection against challenge with virulent cultures of the pathogens. moreover, both cultures ... | 2006 | 16631379 |
| changes in the spoilage-related microbiota of beef during refrigerated storage under different packaging conditions. | the microbial spoilage of beef was monitored during storage at 5 degrees c under three different conditions of modified-atmosphere packaging (map): (i) air (map1), (ii) 60% o2 and 40% co2 (map2), and (iii) 20% o2 and 40% co2 (map3). pseudomonas, enterobacteriaceae, brochothrix thermosphacta, and lactic acid bacteria were monitored by viable counts and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) analysis during 14 days of storage. moreover, headspace gas composition, weight loss, and beef ... | 2006 | 16820458 |
| histological changes in intestine of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) following in vitro exposure to pathogenic and probiotic bacterial strains. | furunculosis and vibriosis are diseases that cause severe economic losses in the fish-farming industry. the foregut of the atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.) was exposed in vitro to two fish pathogens, aeromonas salmonicida (causative agent of furunculosis) and vibrio anguillarum (causative agent of vibriosis), and to one probiotic strain, carnobacterium divergens, at 6 x 10(4) or 6 x 10(6) viable bacteria per milliliter. histological changes following bacterial exposure were assessed by light and ... | 2007 | 17120052 |
| role of broiler carcasses and processing plant air in contamination of modified-atmosphere-packaged broiler products with psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria. | some psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (lab) are specific meat spoilage organisms in modified-atmosphere-packaged (map), cold-stored meat products. to determine if incoming broilers or the production plant environment is a source of spoilage lab, a total of 86, 122, and 447 lab isolates from broiler carcasses, production plant air, and map broiler products, respectively, were characterized using a library of hindiii restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns of the 16 and 23s rrn ... | 2007 | 17142357 |
| identification of new genes associated with intermediate resistance of enterococcus faecalis to divercin v41, a pediocin-like bacteriocin. | it has been suggested that resistance to class iia bacteriocins occurs at either a low or a high level. in listerial strains, low-level resistance (2-4-fold) to class iia bacteriocins is attributed to alterations in membrane lipid composition. in listeria monocytogenes and enterococcus faecalis, high-level resistance (1000-fold) correlates with inactivation of the mptacd operon, which encodes the eii(man)(t) mannose permease of the phosphotransferase system (pts). previous studies reported that ... | 2007 | 17464076 |
| carnobacterium: positive and negative effects in the environment and in foods. | the genus carnobacterium contains nine species, but only c. divergens and c. maltaromaticum are frequently isolated from natural environments and foods. they are tolerant to freezing/thawing and high pressure and able to grow at low temperatures, anaerobically and with increased co(2) concentrations. they metabolize arginine and various carbohydrates, including chitin, and this may improve their survival in the environment. carnobacterium divergens and c. maltaromaticum have been extensively stu ... | 2007 | 17696886 |
| spoilage of value-added, high-oxygen modified-atmosphere packaged raw beef steaks by leuconostoc gasicomitatum and leuconostoc gelidum. | moisture-enhancing and marinating of meats are commonly used by the meat industry to add value to raw, retail products. recently in finland, certain value-added beef steak products have proven to be unusually susceptible to microbial spoilage leading to untoward quality deteriorations during producer-defined shelf-life. this study was conducted to evaluate the role of lactic acid bacteria (lab) in the premature spoilage of value-added beef packaged under high-oxygen modified atmospheres. spoilag ... | 2007 | 17913272 |
| evaluation of the spoilage lactic acid bacteria in modified-atmosphere-packaged artisan-type cooked ham using culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. | to investigate microbial diversity and population dynamics of spoilage-sensitive modified-atmosphere-packaged (map) artisan-type cooked ham in relation to storage temperature. | 2008 | 18070037 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of cad-1, a chromosomally encoded new class a penicillinase from carnobacterium divergens. | carnobacterium divergens clinical isolates bm4489 and bm4490 were resistant to penicillins but remained susceptible to combinations of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and piperacillin-tazobactam. cloning and sequencing of the responsible determinant from bm4489 revealed a coding sequence of 912 bp encoding a class a beta-lactamase named cad-1. the bla(cad-1) gene was assigned to a chromosomal location in the two strains that had distinct pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. cad-1 shared 53% an ... | 2008 | 18070972 |
| alpha-chitinase activity among lactic acid bacteria. | chitin is a polysaccharide widely distributed in nature. among 115 strains from 29 species of lactic acid bacteria only strains belonging to carnobacterium divergens and carnobacterium maltaromaticum hydrolyzed alpha-chitin. this activity was not affected by temperature (10 degrees c versus 30 degrees c) and in most cases not subject to glucose catabolite repression. | 2008 | 18424038 |
| identification of a new molecular target of class iia bacteriocins in listeria monocytogenes egde. | it was shown recently (calvez et al. 2007) that glpq and pde genes are involved in intermediate resistance of enterococcus faecalis jh2-2 to dvnv41, a class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41. the listerial orthologs of lpq and pde genes might be lmo0052 and lmo1292 genes, respectively. here, the role of lmo0052 and lmo1292 genes in resistance of listeria monocytogenes egde to dvnv41 and mesy105 was investigated. l. monocytogenes egde was inactivated in lmo0052 and/or lmo12 ... | 2008 | 19085076 |
| carnobacterium species: effect of metabolic activity and interaction with brochothrix thermosphacta on sensory characteristics of modified atmosphere packed shrimp. | the importance of carnobacteria as spoilage microorganisms or potential protective cultures in food is not resolved, and little is known about their metabolism during growth in specific products. this study used chromatographic techniques including gc-ms and hplc to evaluate the spoilage metabolism of carnobacterium divergens, carnobacterium maltaromaticum, and carnobacterium mobile. metabolic activity was studied in cooked and peeled modified atmosphere packed (map) shrimp at 5 degrees c as car ... | 2006 | 19127732 |
| lactic acid bacteria associated with a heat-processed pork product and sources of variation affecting chemical indices of spoilage and sensory characteristics. | to evaluate the potential for developing a quality index for a danish modified atmosphere packaged (map) heat-processed and naturally contaminated pork meat product stored at 5 degrees c. | 2009 | 19200320 |
| characterization of the bacterial spoilage flora in marinated pork products. | to investigate the microbiota in marinated, vacuum-packed pork and to characterize isolated bacteria with regard to their spoilage potential. | 2009 | 19298510 |
| effects of bacterial treatment at early stages of atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) on larval survival and development. | to assess the effects of bacterial treatment at the earliest stages of cod rearing on the microbial load, larval development and performance, testing three bacterial strains (carnobacterium divergens v41, arthrobacter sp. and enterococcus sp.) in vivo that were previously shown to have inhibitory potential towards fish pathogens in vitro. | 2010 | 19664064 |
| comparison of different application strategies of divergicin m35 for inactivation of listeria monocytogenes in cold-smoked wild salmon. | cold-smoked salmon treated with divergicin m35-producing carnobacterium divergens m35, c. divergens atcc 35677 (a non-producer of bacteriocin), purified divergicin m35 or supernatants of c. divergens m35 culture in snow crab hepatopancreas (sch) medium or mrs broth was challenged with listeria monocytogenes (up to 10(3) cfu/g). samples were stored at 4 degrees c for up to four weeks. l. monocytogenes, total bacterial and lactic acid bacterial counts were determined along with changes in total vo ... | 2009 | 19835762 |
| diversity of lactic acid bacteria from modified atmosphere packaged sliced cooked meat products at sell-by date assessed by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | the predominant lactic acid bacteria (lab) microbiota associated with three types of modified atmosphere packaged (map) sliced cooked meat products (i.e. ham, turkey and chicken) was analyzed at sell-by date using a combination of culturing and molecular population fingerprinting. likewise routine analyses during industrial map production, meat samples were plated on the general heterotrophic plate count agar (pca) and on the lab-specific de man, rogosa, sharpe (mrs) agar under different tempera ... | 2010 | 19913685 |
| evaluation of microbial dynamics during the ripening of a traditional taiwanese naturally fermented ham. | isolation and identification of the autochthonous starter from a naturally fermented meat allows control of the fermentation process and promises microbiological safety for this specialty. thus the purpose of this study was to identify the lactic acid bacteria and coagulase-negative cocci present in a traditional taiwanese naturally fermented ham (tnfh) and to study the microbial dynamics at different ripening stages; the approach was a combination of conventional microbiological cultivation, po ... | 2010 | 20417394 |
| evaluation of natural antimicrobials on typical meat spoilage bacteria in vitro and in vacuum-packed pork meat. | the aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of natural antimicrobials on the growth of typical spoilage bacteria from marinated pork. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of thymol, cinnamaldehyde, allyl isothiocyanate, citric acid, ascorbic acid, a rosemary extract, and a grapefruit seed extract against lactobacillus algidus, leuconostoc mesenteroides, leuconostoc carnosum, carnobacterium maltaromaticum, carnobacterium divergens, brochothrix thermosphacta, and serratia pro ... | 2010 | 20492248 |
| interactions between bacterial isolates from modified-atmosphere-packaged artisan-type cooked ham in view of the development of a bioprotective culture. | growth and metabolite production of three dominant bacterial isolates (carnobacterium divergens 3m14, leuconostoc carnosum 3m42, and brochothrix thermosphacta rms6) from modified-atmosphere-packaged (map), artisan-type cooked ham were assessed for their interactions in view of the development of a bioprotective culture. during monoculture experiments in cooked ham simulation medium, leuc. carnosum 3m42 converted the available glucose into lactic acid and ethanol, whereas the two other strains pr ... | 2010 | 20832689 |
| spoilage-related microbiota associated with chilled beef stored in air or vacuum pack. | in order to study the spoilage-related microbiota of beef at species level, a combination of culture-independent and culture-dependent methods was used to analyse nine different beef samples stored at 4°c in air or in vacuum pack. plate counts on selective agars after 0, 7 and 20 days of storage showed that vacuum packaging reduced the viable counts of brochothrix thermosphacta, pseudomonas spp. and enterobacteriaceae, whereas the growth of lactic acid bacteria (lab) was unaffected. storage in v ... | 2010 | 21056779 |
| characterization of psychrotrophic bacterial communities in modified atmosphere-packed meat with terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. | characterization of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (lab) and brochothrix thermosphacta communities is needed to understand the microbial ecology of spoilage of modified atmosphere-packed (map) meats. to overcome the limitations of the currently used methods for the characterization of psychrotrophic bacterial communities in meat, we developed a culture-independent, 16s rrna gene-targeted terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) method. an identification library consisting ... | 2010 | 21093087 |
| sensory characteristics of spoilage and volatile compounds associated with bacteria isolated from cooked and peeled tropical shrimps using spme-gc-ms analysis. | the spoilage potential of six bacterial species isolated from cooked and peeled tropical shrimps (brochothrix thermosphacta, serratia liquefaciens-like, carnobacterium maltaromaticum, carnobacterium divergens, carnobacterium alterfunditum-like and vagococcus penaei sp. nov.) was evaluated. the bacteria were inoculated into shrimps, packaged in a modified atmosphere and stored for 27days at 8°c. twice a week, microbial growth, as well as chemical and sensory changes, were monitored during the sto ... | 2011 | 21531471 |
| microbial metabolites and bacterial diversity in beef stored in different packaging conditions monitored by pyrosequencing, pcr-dgge, spme-gc/ms and 1hnmr. | beef chops were stored at 4°c in different conditions: air (a); modified atmosphere packaging (map); vacuum (v); bacteriocin-activated antimicrobial packaging (av). after 0 to 45 days of storage, analyses were performed to determine loads of spoilage microorganisms, microbial metabolites by spme-gc/ms and (1)hnmr, microbial diversity by pcr-dgge and pyrosequencing. the microbiological shelf-life of meat increased with increasing selectivity of storage conditions. the culture-independent analysis ... | 2011 | 21803905 |
| tyramine production by a strain of carnobacterium divergens inoculated in meat-fat mixture. | this study determined if a strain of carnobacterium divergens producing tyramine in laboratory medium is able to produce this amine in meat. thus the strain was inoculated into a sterile meat-fat mixture of initial ph 5.3 or 4.9 and incubated at 15°c or 25°c. amine production in these samples was measured at 12 days and compared to that in non-inoculated samples. non-inoculated samples and those inoculated with c. divergens had the same low content of tryptamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamin ... | 1999 | 22062144 |
| identification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from mixed pasture of timothy and orchardgrass, and its badly preserved silage. | in order to understand the relationship between lactic acid bacteria (lab) species and silage fermentation, a total of 65 lab strains isolated from mixed pasture of timothy (phleum pratense l.) and orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata l.), and its badly preserved silages were subjected to phenotypic and genetic analysis. according to these analyses, the isolates were divided into 13 groups, including enterococcus gallinarum, lactobacillus acidipiscis, l. coryniformis subsp. coryniformis, l. corynifo ... | 2011 | 22515692 |
| characterisation of the spoilage microbiota in raw salmon (salmo salar) steaks stored under vacuum or modified atmosphere packaging combining conventional methods and pcr-ttge. | in order to characterise the spoilage related to microbiota of raw salmon, a combination of culture-dependent and -independent methods, including pcr-ttge, was used to analyse 3 raw salmon batches stored for 3 days at chilled temperature in modified atmosphere packaging (map) (50% co₂/50% n₂) or under vacuum. sensory evaluation, microbiological enumeration and chemical analysis were performed after 3, 7 and 10 days of storage. at the onset of spoilage, 65 bacterial isolates were picked from the ... | 2011 | 22265297 |
| protective effect of carnobacterium spp. against listeria monocytogenes during host cell invasion using in vitro ht29 model. | the pathogenesis of listeriosis results mainly from the ability of listeria monocytogenes to attach, invade, replicate and survive within various cell types in mammalian tissues. in this work, the effect of two bacteriocin-producing carnobacterium (c. divergens v41 and c. maltaromaticum v1) and three non-bacteriocinogenic strains: (c. divergens v41c9, c. divergens 2763, and c. maltaromaticum 2762) was investigated on the reduction of l. monocytogenes scott a plaque-forming during human infection ... | 2016 | 27617232 |
| reducing salt in raw pork sausages increases spoilage and correlates with reduced bacterial diversity. | raw sausages are perishable foodstuffs; reducing their salt content raises questions about a possible increased spoilage of these products. in this study, we evaluated the influence of salt reduction (from 2.0% to 1.5% [wt/wt]), in combination with two types of packaging (modified atmosphere [50% mix of co2-n2] and vacuum packaging), on the onset of spoilage and on the diversity of spoilage-associated bacteria. after 21 days of storage at 8°c, spoilage was easily observed, characterized by notic ... | 2016 | 27107120 |
| high pressure inactivation of escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, and spoilage microbiota on poultry meat. | this study evaluated the high pressure inactivation of campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, and poultry meat spoilage organisms. all treatments were performed in aseptically prepared minced poultry meat. treatment of 19 strains of c. jejuni at 300 mpa and 30°c revealed a large variation of pressure resistance. the recovery of pressure-induced sublethally injured c. jejuni depended on the availability of iron. the addition of iron content to enumeration media was required for resuscitation of ... | 2012 | 22410223 |
| improving simultaneously the quality and safety of cooked and peeled shrimp using a cocktail of bioprotective lactic acid bacteria. | tropical shrimp is of considerable economic importance in the world but is highly perishable due to microbial and chemical degradation. biopreservation is a food preservation technology based on the addition of "positive" bacteria able to kill or prevent the growth of undesirable microorganisms. two strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) have previously been selected for a biopreservation strategy: lactococcus piscium cncm i-4031, for its ability to prevent the sensory deterioration of seafood an ... | 2017 | 27760400 |
| draft genome sequence of carnobacterium divergens v41, a bacteriocin-producing strain. | in this study, we present the draft genome sequence of carnobacterium divergens v41. this strain was previously reported as producing divercin v41, a bacteriocin of interest for food biopreservation. its genome revealed also the presence of a gene cluster putatively involved in polyketide production, which is unique in lactic acid bacteria. | 2016 | 27738030 |
| the effects of inulin, dried jerusalem artichoke tuber and a multispecies probiotic preparation on microbiota ecology and immune status of the large intestine in young pigs. | the study aimed at determining the effect of two types of prebiotics and a multispecies probiotic on microbiota activity and composition, as well as mucosal immunity in the large intestine of young pigs. in total 48 piglets were divided into 6 groups (n = 8), which received from day 10 of life probiotic-unsupplemented (pu) or probiotic-supplemented (ps) diets. probiotics were added at 0.5 g/kg diet and contained: lactococcus lactis, carnobacterium divergens, lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus pl ... | 2016 | 27216555 |
| impact of nisin-activated packaging on microbiota of beef burgers during storage. | beef burgers were stored at 4°c in a vacuum in nisin-activated antimicrobial packaging. microbial ecology analyses were performed on samples collected between days 0 and 21 of storage to discover the population diversity. two batches were analyzed using rna-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and pyrosequencing. the active packaging retarded the growth of the total viable bacteria and lactic acid bacteria. culture-independent analysis by pyrosequencing of rna extracted directly ... | 2015 | 26546424 |
| selection of bioprotective cultures for preventing cold-smoked salmon spoilage. | biopreservation is a natural technology of food preservation, which consists of inoculating food with microorganisms selected for their antibacterial properties. the objective of this study was to select lactic acid bacteria (lab) to improve the quality of cold-smoked salmon (css). in this work, different strains representative of the 4 dominant species, identified in a previous study by pyrosequencing the 16s rrna gene, were isolated and their spoiling potential in css blocks, sterilized by ion ... | 2015 | 26044337 |
| carnobacterium divergens bacteremia in woman. | | 2015 | 25988484 |
| microbiological changes, shelf life and identification of initial and spoilage microbiota of sea bream fillets stored under various conditions using 16s rrna gene analysis. | sea bream fillets are one of the most important value-added products of the seafood market. fresh seafood spoils mainly owing to bacterial action. in this study an exploration of initial and spoilage microbiota of sea bream fillets stored under air and commercial modified atmosphere packaging (map) at 0 and 5 °c was conducted by 16s rrna gene sequence analysis of isolates grown on plates. sensory evaluation and enumeration of total viable counts and spoilage microorganisms were also conducted to ... | 2015 | 25312872 |
| expression of bacteriocin divercin as7 in escherichia coli and its functional analysis. | bacteriocins are small peptides with antimicrobial activity, that are produced by bacteria. four classes of bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria have been defined. class iia bacteriocins are promising candidates for industrial applications due to their high biological activity and their physicochemical properties. divercin as7 is a class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens as7. it shows antibacterial activity against pathogens and food spoilage flora including listeria ... | 2014 | 25100927 |
| prolonged shelf life and reduced drip loss of chicken filets by the use of carbon dioxide emitters and modified atmosphere packaging. | modified atmosphere packaging containing co2 is widely used for extending the shelf life of chicken meat. active packaging by adding co2 emitter sachets to packages of meat is an alternative to traditional modified atmosphere packaging. the purpose of the study was to investigate the shelf life of chicken filets under different co2 concentrations at 4°c storage. the inhibition of microbial growth was proportional to the co2 concentration. storage in 100% co2 both with and without a co2 emitter s ... | 2014 | 24988019 |
| microbial successions are associated with changes in chemical profiles of a model refrigerated fresh pork sausage during an 80-day shelf life study. | fresh pork sausage is produced without a microbial kill step and therefore chilled or frozen to control microbial growth. in this report, the microbiota in a chilled fresh pork sausage model produced with or without an antimicrobial combination of sodium lactate and sodium diacetate was studied using a combination of traditional microbiological methods and deep pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicons. in the untreated system, microbial populations rose from 10(2) to 10(6) cfu/g within 15 days ... | 2014 | 24928886 |
| characterization by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods of the bacterial population of suckling-lamb packaged in different atmospheres. | this study offers insight into the dynamics of bacterial populations in fresh cuts of suckling lamb under four different atmospheric conditions: air (a), and three modified atmosphere packaging (map) environments, 15%o2/30%co2/55%n2 (c, commercial), 70%o2/30%co2 (o), and 15%o2/85%co2 (h) for 18 days. microbial analyses by both conventional methods and pcr-dgge were performed. controversial and surprising results emerged from comparing both methods in relation to the genus pseudomonas. thus, conv ... | 2013 | 24010600 |
| antimicrobial packaging to retard the growth of spoilage bacteria and to reduce the release of volatile metabolites in meat stored under vacuum at 1°c. | a nisin-edta solution was used for activation of the internal surface of plastic bags that were used to store beef chops at 1°c after vacuum packaging. the aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of the antimicrobial packaging on beef during storage. volatile compounds and microbial populations were monitored after 0, 9, 20, 36, and 46 days of storage. the active packaging retarded the growth of lactic acid bacteria. brochothrix thermosphacta was unable to grow for the whole storage time in t ... | 2013 | 23317856 |
| lyophilized carnobacterium divergens as7 bacteriocin preparation improves performance of broiler chickens challenged with clostridium perfringens. | the present study aimed to investigate the effects of carnobacterium divergens as7 bacteriocin (divercin as7) on growth performance, digestibility, fermentation processes, selected microbial populations, and histomorphology in broiler chickens challenged with a mixture of 3 clostridium perfringens isolates. in total, 480 one-day-old male ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups (12 replicate pens of 10 birds per treatment). the diets were either nonsupplemented or suppleme ... | 2012 | 22802184 |
| carnobacterium divergens - a dominating bacterium of pork meat juice. | nonspoiled food that nevertheless contains bacterial pathogens constitutes a much more serious health problem than spoiled food, as the consumer is not warned beforehand. however, data on the diversity of bacterial species in meat juice are rare. to study the bacterial load of fresh pork from ten different distributors, we applied a combination of the conventional culture-based and molecular methods for detecting and quantifying the microbial spectrum of fresh pork meat juice samples. altogether ... | 2012 | 22537055 |
| microbiological spoilage of vacuum and modified atmosphere packaged vietnamese pangasius hypophthalmus fillets. | this study investigated the identity, growth and metabolite production of micro-organisms causing spoilage of pangasius hypophthalmus fillets packaged in air, vacuum and modified atmospheres (map) (map 1: 50%co(2)-50%n(2) and map 2: 50%co(2)-50%o(2)) during storage at 4 °c. based on the time it took for psychrotrophic total colony counts to exceed 7 log cfu g(-1), the shelf life of the fillets packaged in air, vacuum, map 1 and map 2 was estimated to be 7, 10, 12 and 14 days respectively. the lo ... | 2012 | 22365354 |
| lactobacillus divergens sp. nov., a new heterofermentative lactobacillus species producing l(+)-lactate. | a group of 8 heterofermentative lactobacillus strains were isolated from raw vacuum-packaged, as well as so(2)-treated, minced beef, in the course of shelf life studies on this product. these strains were found to differ from all other described heterofermentative lactobacillus species in their production of virtually pure l( + )-lactic acid from hexoses and pentoses, and also in their low mol% g + c in the dna (34 ± 0.8% g + c). the m-dpm type of peptidoglycan was typical of all strains. their ... | 1983 | 23194810 |