| genus- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes derived from 16s rrna for the identification of vagococci. | synthetic oligonucleotide probes specific for vagococci were designed from 16s rrna sequence data. molecular hybridizations with pcr-amplified rdna targets provided an unequivocal means of differentiating vagococci from related lactic acid bacteria (eg. carnobacterium, enterococcus, lactococcus) and identification at the generic and species levels. | 1992 | 1367902 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide probes for the rapid detection and identification of carnobacterium species from meat. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used selectively to amplify specific rdna sequences of carnobacterium divergens, c. mobile, c. piscicola and c. gallinarum in purified dna extracts, crude cell lysates and food samples. the pcr products were visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis and identified, at species level, by hybridization reactions with three specific oligonucleotide probes for c. divergens, c. mobile and c. piscicola/c. gallinarum designed from 16s rrna sequence data. the pcr w ... | 1992 | 1381346 |
| isolation and properties of a bacteriocin-producing carnobacterium piscicola isolated from fish. | a facultative psychrotrophic lactic acid bacterium isolated from fresh fish was identified as carnobacterium piscicola on the basis of carbohydrate utilization, g + c content and 16s rna analysis. its bacteriocin, designated carnocin ui49, is produced during the mid-exponential phase of growth at temperatures between 15 degrees c and 34 degrees c. carnocin ui49 is active against a large number of closely-related lactic acid bacteria including carnobacteria, lactobacilli, pediococci and lactococc ... | 1992 | 1429307 |
| identification and characterization of two bacteriocin-producing strains of lactococcus lactis isolated from vegetables. | isolated from mixed salad and fermented carrots, 123 strains of lactic acid bacteria were screened for bacteriocin production. two strains, d53 and 23, identified as lactococcus lactis by dna-dna hybridizations, produced heat stable bacteriocins which were resistant to trypsin and pepsin, but were inactivated by alpha-chymotrypsin and proteinase k. the bacteriocins were active from ph 2 to 9 and inhibited species of listeria, lactobacillus, lactococcus, pediococcus, leuconostoc, carnobacterium, ... | 1992 | 1445757 |
| culture media for non-sporulating gram-positive food spoilage bacteria. | the spoilage association especially of protein-rich foods can be dominated by gram-positive bacteria, notably lactic acid bacteria (lab) which affect vacuum packaged refrigerated processed meats and some dairy products. new food ecosystems are being created by novel packaging and processing technologies, resulting in spoilage associations differing from those previously reported. in addition, improvement in identification methods, allow the detection and isolation of 'novel' bacterial groups, e. ... | 1992 | 1486021 |
| mobilization and location of the genetic determinant of chloramphenicol resistance from lactobacillus plantarum catc2r. | the mobilization of a nonconjugative plasmid (pcat) that mediates chloramphenicol resistance in lactobacillus plantarum catc2r was achieved by comobilization with the conjugative plasmid pam beta 1. the conjugation studies confirmed that the 8.5-kb pcat in l. plantarum catc2r contains the gene responsible for chloramphenicol resistance and that the plasmid has several unique restriction sites which make it useful for genetic studies in carnobacterium spp. cloning studies showed that the gene res ... | 1992 | 1513874 |
| purification and characterization of a new bacteriocin isolated from a carnobacterium sp. | a bacteriocin-producing carnobacterium sp. was isolated from fish. the bacteriocin, termed carnocin ui49, was purified to homogeneity by a four-step purification procedure, including hydrophobic interaction chromatography and reverse-phase chromatography. carnocin ui49 has a bactericidal mode of action. it was shown to be heat tolerant and stable between ph 2 and 8. at ph above 8, carnocin ui49 was rapidly inactivated. amino acid analysis revealed a composition of about 35 to 37 amino acids in a ... | 1992 | 1622206 |
| 16s rrna sequence determination for members of the genus carnobacterium and related lactic acid bacteria and description of vagococcus salmoninarum sp. nov. | the phylogenetic interrelationships of members of the genus carnobacterium and some atypical lactobacilli isolated from diseased salmonid fish were investigated by using reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16s rrna. the four species carnobacterium piscicola, carnobacterium divergens, carnobacterium gallinarum, and carnobacterium mobile exhibited a high degree of sequence similarity with each other (ca. 96 to 98%) and formed a phylogenetically coherent group that was quite distinct from all other ... | 1990 | 1697764 |
| use of low molecular mass rna profiles to identify lactic acid bacteria and related organisms associated with foods. | fourteen strains of lactic acid bacteria and species of brochothrix, carnobacterium, enterococcus, erysipelothrix, kurthia and listeria were examined using low molecular mass rna (5s rrna and trna) profiles. these profiles were developed on denaturing polyacrylamide gels. gel strengths between 9 and 14% were tested to improve resolution of distinct bands for densitometrical analysis. profiles generated on 12% gels proved to be the best for scanning. scans of class 2 trnas by densitometry showed ... | 1991 | 1723291 |
| biochemical and serological characterization of carnobacterium spp. isolated from farmed and natural populations of striped bass and catfish. | a comparative analysis of the phenotypic and serological properties of carnobacterium strains associated with mortalities of cultured striped bass and channel catfish and the properties of isolates from wild brown bullhead catfish in the chesapeake bay area in maryland was conducted. all of the strains were gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile, non-spore-forming rods occurring singly or in short chains. they did not produce cytochrome oxidase or catalase, did not reduce nitrate, fai ... | 1991 | 1781676 |
| psychrotrophic, lactic acid-producing bacteria from anoxic waters in ace lake, antarctica; carnobacterium funditum sp. nov. and carnobacterium alterfunditum sp. nov. | heterofermentative, lactic acid-producing, gram-positive, motile bacteria were isolated from the waters of ace lake, antarctica. all strains produced virtually only l(+)lactic acid from d(+)glucose. d(--)-ribose was fermented to lactic, acetic, and formic acids, and ethanol. cell walls contained meso-diaminopimaleic acid. the strains did not grow at 30 degrees c and were psychrotrophic. whole cells contained 18:1 cis 9 as a major component of their fatty acids. at 20 degrees c, the strains grew ... | 1991 | 1793333 |
| a simplified key for identifying homofermentative lactobacillus and carnobacterium spp. from meat. | species of lactobacillus and carnobacterium from meat and meat products could be separated by a few biochemical characteristics; presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, the isomers of lactic acid produced, production of citrulline from arginine and fermentation of some carbohydrates. this identification key was checked by dna-dna hybridizations studies. | 1991 | 1938670 |
| a numerical taxonomic study of lactic acid bacteria isolated from irradiated pork and chicken packaged under various gas atmospheres. | ninety-four gram-positive, catalase-negative bacteria, isolated from pork and chicken that had been packed in modified atmospheres and irradiated to 1.75 and 2.5 kgy respectively, were studied. the majority of the strains were lactobacillus saké. numerical taxonomy, with the group average clustering strategy, revealed the existence of six clusters at the 85% similarity level. the largest, cluster 1, contained 78 (83%) of the test strains along with three lact. sak'e strains. cluster 2 contained ... | 1991 | 2055792 |
| antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vacuum-packaged meats. | lactic acid bacteria isolated from vacuum-packaged fresh meat stored at 4 degrees c were shown to produce antagonistic substances active against closely related bacteria. growth medium, ph and growth temperature all affected the production of the inhibitory substances. ten strains including aciduric lactobacillus-type organisms, carnobacterium spp. and leuconostoc spp. were selected that produced protein-aceous substances that caused inhibition of indicator strains. these were considered to be b ... | 1990 | 2123171 |
| plasmid-associated bacteriocin production by a strain of carnobacterium piscicola from meat. | carnobacterium piscicola lv17 isolated from vacuum-packed meat produces bacteriocin(s) that is active against closely related lactic acid bacteria, enterococcus spp., and a strain of listeria monocytogenes but not against gram-negative bacteria. the bacteriocin has a bactericidal mode of action, is heat resistant, and is stable over a wide range of ph but is inactivated by proteolytic enzymes. sensitive and resistant cells were shown to adsorb the bacteriocin, but cell death depended on contact ... | 1990 | 2403256 |
| nucleic acid relatedness studies on the genus carnobacterium and related taxa. | none of the species carnobacterium piscicola, c. divergens, c. mobile or c. gallinarum showed significant dna-dna homology between themselves and other lactic acid bacteria [corrected]. nevertheless, the carnobacterium species were found to belong to the same ribosomal rna homology cluster. the species in this cluster were distant from the other bacteria tested. | 1989 | 2482862 |
| characterization, cloning, curing, and distribution in lactic acid bacteria of plp1, a plasmid from lactobacillus plantarum ccm 1904 and its use in shuttle vector construction. | a small 2.1-kb plasmid called plp1 was extracted from lactobacillus plantarum ccm 1904 (atcc 8014) and cloned into the escherichia coli puc19 plasmid. as determined by dna-dna southern hybridization with a plp1-radioactively labeled probe, other lactic acid bacteria such as l. curvatus, l. sake, carnobacterium, and leuconostoc mesenteroides harbor plp1-related plasmids. shuttle vectors based on the plp1 replicon were constructed by inserting the erythromycin-resistance gene from pva891 into the ... | 1989 | 2699038 |
| numerical taxonomy of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria from prepacked meat and meat products. | ninety-four strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from refrigerated, prepacked meat and meat products were together with 59 reference strains of brochothrix, lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and streptococcus phenotypically classified, using 96 unit characters. data were examined using simple matching (ssm) or jaccard coefficient (sj), and unweighted pair group algorithm with arithmetic averages. twenty-three clusters with two or more members were defined at the 84% ssm-similarity leve ... | 1988 | 3178187 |
| attributes of microbial associations of meat growing as xenic batch cultures in a meat juice at 4 degrees c. | strains of gram-positive (carnobacterium piscicola, leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, brochothrix thermosphacta) and gram-negative (pseudomonas fragi and hafnia alvei) bacteria isolated from minced lamb packaged under a modified atmosphere were cultivated in a meat (lamb) juice at 4 degrees c. carbohydrates were catabolised in the order glucose > glucose 6-phosphate during the development of the population. under an atmosphere enriched with carbon dioxide the gram-negative portion ... | 1995 | 7488524 |
| identification of carnobacterium spp. and leuconostoc spp. in meat by genus-specific 16s rrna probes. | oligonucleotide probes specific for carnobacterium and leuconostoc species were constructed from the variable regions of 16s rrna obtained from the literature and sequence data bases. the probes were hybridized with crude nucleic acid extract from 32 type strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) commonly found on meat. two of the probes hybridized only to the four carnobacterium species whereas the other two hybridized only to five of the six leuconostoc species tested. the probes were also hybridi ... | 1994 | 7522472 |
| transfer of streptococcus adjacens and streptococcus defectivus to abiotrophia gen. nov. as abiotrophia adiacens comb. nov. and abiotrophia defectiva comb. nov., respectively. | we performed this study to determine the 16s rrna sequences of the type strains of streptococcus adjacens and streptococcus defectivus and to calculate the phylogenetic distances between these two nutritionally variant streptococci (nvs) and other members of the genus streptococcus. s. adjacens and s. defectivus belonged to one cluster, but this cluster was not closely related to other streptococcal species. a comparative analysis of the sequences of these organisms and other low-g+c-content gra ... | 1995 | 7547302 |
| effect of growth of selected lactic acid bacteria on storage life of beef stored under vacuum and in air. | the effect of growth of different types of lactic acid bacteria (lab) on the storage life of normal ph beef was determined anaerobically (under vacuum) and aerobically. four lab from meat were inoculated separately onto sterile slices of lean beef. inoculated samples were stored anaerobically at 2 degrees c for 10 weeks or stored aerobically in an oxygen permeable film at 7 degrees c for 10 days, with and without previous storage under vacuum at 2 degrees c. the lab strains used were carnobacter ... | 1995 | 7577360 |
| heterologous expression of the lactacin f peptides by carnobacterium piscicola lv17. | the lactacin f complex, composed of lafa and lafx peptides, is produced by lactobacillus johnsonii vpi 11088 and is active against five other lactobacillus species and enterococcus faecalis. the genetic determinants encoding the lactacin f complex are organized in a 1-kb polycistronic operon which comprises three genes, lafa, lafx, and orfz (encoding the putative immunity protein). the lafa and lafx genes encode the bacteriocin precursors with n-terminal extensions characterized by a gly-gly-1*x ... | 1995 | 7747957 |
| purification and cloning of piscicolin 61, a bacteriocin from carnobacterium piscicola lv61. | piscicolin 61, a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium piscicola lv61, inhibits the growth of strains of carnobacterium, lactobacillus, and enterococcus. the bacteriocin was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential hydrophobic interaction and reversed-phase chromatography. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of piscicolin 61 was determined by edman degradation. the plasmid-located structural gene encoding piscicolin (psc61) was cloned and sequenced. it encoded a p ... | 1994 | 7764997 |
| a signal peptide secretion-dependent bacteriocin from carnobacterium divergens. | divergicin a is a strongly hydrophobic, narrow-spectrum, nonlantibiotic bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens lv13. this strain of c. divergens contains a 3.4-kb plasmid that mediates production of, and immunity to, the bacteriocin. n-terminal amino acid sequencing of the purified divergicin a was used to locate the structural gene (dvna). the structural gene encodes a prepeptide of 75 amino acids consisting of a 29-amino-acid n-terminal extension and a mature peptide of 46 amino acid ... | 1995 | 7768812 |
| characterization of the protein conferring immunity to the antimicrobial peptide carnobacteriocin b2 and expression of carnobacteriocins b2 and bm1. | cloning of a 16-kb dna fragment from the 61-kb plasmid of carnobacterium piscicola lv17b into plasmidless c. piscicola lv17c restores the production of the plasmid-encoded carnobacteriocin b2 and the chromosomally-encoded carnobacteriocin bm1 and restores the immune phenotype. this fragment also has sufficient genetic information to allow the expression of carnobacteriocin b2 and its immunity in a heterologous host. the gene locus (cbib2) responsible for immunity to carnobacteriocin b2 is locate ... | 1995 | 7868585 |
| characteristics of vagococcus salmoninarum isolated from diseased salmonid fish. | isolates of the salmonid pathogen vagococcus salmoninarum were recovered from atlantic salmon, rainbow trout and brown trout with peritonitis. the phenotypes of these isolates and the type strain of vag. salmoninarum ncfb 2777 were determined by morphological, biochemical and physiological tests and whole cell protein profiles by sds-page. there was a high level of phenetic similarity between the salmonid isolates and the type strain. the species forms short gram-positive rods, hydrolyses l-pyrr ... | 1994 | 7961194 |
| characterization and identification of vagococcus fluvialis strains isolated from domestic animals. | strains of vagococcus fluvialis, a species of gram-positive catalase-negative cocci, related to the genera enterococcus and carnobacterium, were isolated from various lesions of pigs, from lesions and tonsils of cattle and cats and from tonsils of a horse. most lesion strains were isolated in mixed culture from animals with disease conditions unrelated to coccal infection. certain differences with the species description of vagococcus fluvialis were found: only a proportion of the strains was mo ... | 1994 | 7989264 |
| production of histamine and tyramine by lactic acid bacteria isolated from vacuum-packed sugar-salted fish. | the incidence of histamine- or tyramine-producing lactic acid bacteria was examined in several products of vacuum-packed sugar-salted fish (salmon, halibut, mackerel). no histamine-producing isolates were observed, whereas the majority of tyramine-producing isolates were identified as carnobacterium spp. these organisms were shown to be important members of the microbial flora during storage of vacuum-packed sugar-salted salmon at 5 degrees c. the amount of tyramine produced was reduced by lower ... | 1994 | 8005830 |
| characteristics and genetic determinant of a hydrophobic peptide bacteriocin, carnobacteriocin a, produced by carnobacterium piscicola lv17a. | carnobacteriocin a is a hydrophobic nonlantibiotic bacteriocin that is detected early in the growth cycle of carnobacterium piscicola lv17a and encoded by a 49 mda plasmid. the bacteriocin was purified using hydrophobic interaction and gel filtration chromatography, and reversed-phase hplc. three different active peaks (a1, a2 and a3) were detected, but the purified samples had identical n-terminal amino acid sequences for the first 15 amino acids as determined by edman degradation analysis. onl ... | 1994 | 8012574 |
| effect of the bacteriocin carnocin cp5 and of the producing strain carnobacterium piscicola cp5 on the viability of listeria monocytogenes atcc 15313 in salt solution, broth and skimmed milk, at various incubation temperatures. | carnobacterium piscicola cp5, isolated from french mould-ripened soft-cheese, produced a bacteriocin named carnocin cp5 in a wide range of incubation temperatures, from 4 degrees c to 30 degrees c. the ability of a crude bacteriocin, of a partially-purified form, and of the producer strain to inhibit growth of listeria monocytogenes atcc 15313 was examined in salt solution, broth and skimmed milk between 4 degrees c and 30 degrees c. when carnocin cp5 was added to a l. monocytogenes atcc 15313 c ... | 1994 | 8074969 |
| membrane-associated proteins encoded by the nisin gene cluster may function as a receptor for the lantibiotic carnocin ui49. | carnocin ui49, a lantibiotic produced by carnobacterium piscicola shows bactericidal activity against many lactic acid bacteria. this paper describes the results of a study on the mode of action of carnocin ui49. it has previously been observed that nisin-producing lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains are at least 10-fold more sensitive to carnocin ui49 relative to other lactic acid bacteria. addition of carnocin ui49 to cells of l. lactis subsp. lactis nz9700 resulted in a dissipation of th ... | 1994 | 8081505 |
| carnocin ui49, a potential biopreservative produced by carnobacterium piscicola: large scale purification and activity against various gram-positive bacteria including listeria sp. | this paper describes a simple purification method for the purification of carnocin ui49, a potential biopreservative produced by carnobacterium piscicola ui49. the protocol was also applicable for the isolation of nisin z, which is a biopreservative produced by lactococcus lactis sik-83. the protocol consists of only two purification steps, xad chromatography and cation exchange chromatography. it is quick, easy, and can be used for large scale purification of these lantibiotics. the bactericida ... | 1993 | 8110598 |
| chemical and genetic characterization of bacteriocins produced by carnobacterium piscicola lv17b. | carnobacteriocins bm1 and b2 are thermostable class ii bacteriocins produced by carnobacterium piscicola lv17b. these bacteriocins were purified by a three-step procedure that included hydrophobic interaction, size exclusion, and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. the purified peptides and fragments derived by enzymatic digestion were analyzed by edman degradation, amino acid analysis, and mass spectrometry. an oxidized form of carnobacteriocin bm1 (carnobacteriocin b1) was a ... | 1994 | 8163526 |
| bacteriocin production by carnobacterium piscicola lv 61. | carnobacterium piscicola lv 61 produces a bacteriocin designated piscicolin 61, that is heat resistant, active over a wide ph range and inactivated by alpha-chymotrypsin, pepsin, trypsin and papain. it is effective against strains of the genera carnobacterium, enterococcus and listeria. other lactic acid bacteria tested were less sensitive or resistant to piscicolin. it is produced at temperatures from 1 to 30 degrees c. maximum bacteriocin activity was detected after the culture had entered the ... | 1993 | 8312140 |
| [utilization of lactic bacteria in the control of pathogenic microorganisms in food]. | the lactic acid bacteria have the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria and the possibility exists of using them to improve the hygienic quality and to extend the shelf-life of different foods. among the many inhibitory substances produced by the lactic acid bacteria, the bacteriocins are of particular interest. it has been the objective of this work to review the bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria from the genera lactococcus, lactobacillus and pediococcu ... | 1993 | 8484916 |
| development of a specific biotinylated dna probe for the detection of renibacterium salmoninarum. | a specific dna probe for the identification of renibacterium salmoninarum, the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (bkd), was developed from one of 3 clones prs47, prs49, and prs26 of 5.1 kb, 5.3 kb, and 11.3 kb, respectively. the biotinylated prs47/bamhi insert probe was tested on 3 dilutions of dna extracted from 3 strains of r. salmoninarum and from 1 strain each of arthrobacter protophormiae, aeromonas salmonicida, corynebacterium aquaticum, carnobacterium piscicola, listonella angui ... | 1995 | 8548693 |
| lactosphaera gen. nov., a new genus of lactic acid bacteria, and transfer of ruminococcus pasteurii schink 1984 to lactosphaera pasteurii comb. nov. | the phylogenetic position and physiology of strain kota2t (t = type strain), which was previously classified as a ruminococcus pasteurii strain, were studied. a determination of the 16s ribosomal dna sequence of this taxon revealed its position within the radiation of the gram-positive lactic acid bacteria having low dna g+c contents and that it is closely related to the genus carnobacterium. l-lactic acid was produced from glucose by a fructose-1,6-bisphosphate-activated lactate dehydrogenase, ... | 1995 | 8590685 |
| biochemical and genetic characterization of enterocin a from enterococcus faecium, a new antilisterial bacteriocin in the pediocin family of bacteriocins. | a new bacteriocin has been isolated from an enterococcus faecium strain. the bacteriocin, termed enterocin a, was purified to homogeneity as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, n-terminal amino acid sequencing, and mass spectrometry analysis. by combining the data obtained from amino acid and dna sequencing, the primary structure of enterocin a was determined. it consists of 47 amino acid residues, and the molecular weight was calculated to be 4,829, assuming tha ... | 1996 | 8633865 |
| covalent structure, synthesis, and structure-function studies of mesentericin y 105(37), a defensive peptide from gram-positive bacteria leuconostoc mesenteroides. | a 37-residue cationic antimicrobial peptide named mesentericin y 105(37) was purified to homogeneity from cell-free culture supernatant of the gram-positive bacterium leuconostoc mesenteroides. the complete amino acid sequence of the peptide, kyygngvhctksgcsvnwgeaasagihrlanggngfw, has been established by automated edman degradation, mass spectrometry, and solid phase synthesis. mesentericin y 105(37) contains a single intramolecular disulfide bond that forms a 6-membered ring within the molecule ... | 1996 | 8662868 |
| positive selection, cloning vectors for gram-positive bacteria based on a restriction endonuclease cassette. | lactococcus lactis contains numerous restriction and modification (r/m) systems of different specificities. a novel iis type r/m system encoded by the llai operon has previously been characterized from the l. lactis conjugative plasmid ptr2030. the llai operon is composed of six genes: first, a small regulatory gene llaic precedes the methylase gene llaim. the following three genes, llai.1, llai.2, llai.3, are all essential for restriction endonuclease activity and are designed as the restrictio ... | 1996 | 8693025 |
| characterization of the chemical and antimicrobial properties of piscicolin 126, a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium piscicola jg126. | a novel peptide bacteriocin produced by the lactic acid bacterium carnobacterium piscicola jg126 isolated from spoiled ham was purified and characterized. this bacteriocin, designated piscicolin 126, inhibited the growth of several gram-positive bacteria, especially the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes, but had no effect on the growth of a number of yeasts and gram-negative bacteria. bactericidal activity was not destroyed by exposure to elevated temperatures at low ph values; however, ... | 1996 | 8702282 |
| rrna gene restriction patterns as a characterization tool for lactobacillus sake strains producing ropy slime. | the rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes) of 69 ropy slime producing lactobacillus sake strains isolated mainly from vacuum-packaged meat products of ten meat plants were determined. ribotypes were compared to the corresponding patterns of non-ropy l. sake strains, and also to other species of the genus lactobacillus, carnobacterium and weissella associated with meat products. ropy slime-producing l. sake strains were divided into four characteristic groups corresponding to the phenotypic c ... | 1996 | 8854182 |
| divergicin 750, a novel bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens 750. | divergicin 750, a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens 750, preferentially inhibited the growth of strains of carnobacterium and enterococcus. selected strains of listeria monocytogenes and clostridium perfringens were also inhibited. the bacteriocin was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and sequential s-sepharose, hydrophobic interaction and reversed phase chromatography. the complete amino acid sequence was determined by edman degradation. the peptide consis ... | 1996 | 8869500 |
| genomic organization of lactic acid bacteria. | current knowledge of the genomes of the lactic acid bacteria, lactococcus lactis and streptococcus thermophilus, and members of the genera lactobacillus, leuconostoc, pediococcus and carnobacterium, is reviewed. the genomes contain a chromosome within the size range of 1.8 to 3.4 mbp. plasmids are common in lactococcus lactis (most strains carry 4-7 different plasmids), some of the lactobacilli and pediococci, but they are not frequently present in s. thermophilus, lactobacillus delbrueckii subs ... | 1996 | 8879406 |
| histamine and tyramine production by bacteria from meat products. | a series of 94 strains of lactic acid bacteria and micrococcaceae were tested for their ability to decarboxylate histidine and tyrosine in a laboratory medium. histamine and tyramine were quantified by using a fluorimetric and a hplc method. there was no significant difference between the results obtained with either method. among the strains tested, only three released histamine. on the other hand, all the strains of carnobacterium produced high concentrations of tyramine (2193 micrograms/ml). ... | 1996 | 8880339 |
| expression of the antimicrobial peptide carnobacteriocin b2 by a signal peptide-dependent general secretory pathway. | carnobacteriocin b2 is a well-characterized class ii bacteriocin produced by a 61-kb plasmid from carnobacterium piscicola lv17. export of this bacteriocin is dependent on specific abc (atp-binding cassette) secretion proteins. divergicin a is a strongly hydrophobic narrow-spectrum bacteriocin produced by a 3.4-kb plasmid from carnobacterium divergens lv13. predivergicin a contains a signal peptide and utilizes the general secretary pathway for export (r. w. worobo, m. j. van belkum, m. sailer, ... | 1996 | 8900000 |
| bacterial spoilage of meat and cured meat products. | the influence of environmental factors (product composition and storage conditions) on the selection, growth rate and metabolic activity of the bacterial flora is presented for meat (pork and beef) and cooked, cured meat products. the predominant bacteria associated with spoilage of refrigerated beef and pork, are brochothrix thermosphacta, carnobacterium spp., enterobacteriaceae, lactobacillus spp., leuconostoc spp., pseudomonas spp. and shewanella putrefaciens. the main defects in meat are off ... | 1996 | 8913812 |
| purification and amino acid sequences of piscicocins v1a and v1b, two class iia bacteriocins secreted by carnobacterium piscicola v1 that display significantly different levels of specific inhibitory activity. | two bacteriocins produced by carnobacterium piscicola v1 were purified and characterized. piscicocin v1a (molecular mass = 4,416 da) and piscicocin v1b (molecular mass = 4,526 da) are nonlantibiotic, small, heat-stable antibacterial peptides. piscicocin v1b is identical to carnobacteriocin bm1, while piscicocin v1a is a new bacteriocin. its complete sequence of 44 amino acid residues has been determined. piscicocin v1a belongs to the class iia bacteriocins having the consensus ygngv motif. these ... | 1996 | 8953713 |
| effect of amino acid substitutions on the activity of carnobacteriocin b2. overproduction of the antimicrobial peptide, its engineered variants, and its precursor in escherichia coli. | carnobacteriocin b2, a 48-amino acid antimicrobial peptide containing a ygngv motif that is produced by the lactic acid bacterium carnobacterium piscicola lv17b, was overexpressed as fusion with maltose-binding protein in escherichia coli. this fusion protein was cleaved with factor xa to allow isolation of the mature bacteriocin that was identical in all respects to that obtained from c. piscicola. similar methodology permitted production of the precursor precarnobacteriocin b2 (cbnb2p), which ... | 1997 | 9013580 |
| double-glycine-type leader peptides direct secretion of bacteriocins by abc transporters: colicin v secretion in lactococcus lactis. | many non-lantibiotic bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria are produced as precursors which have n-terminal leader peptides that share similarities in amino acid sequence and contain a conserved processing site of two glycine residues in positions -1 and -2. a dedicated atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter is responsible for the proteolytic cleavage of the leader peptides and subsequent translocation of the bacteriocins across the cytoplasmic membrane. to investigate the role that these leader ... | 1997 | 9106219 |
| transcriptional analysis and regulation of carnobacteriocin production in carnobacterium piscicola lv17. | bacteriocin production by carnobacterium piscicola lv17 (carnobacteriocin, cbn) depends on the level of inoculation when grown in liquid medium. with an inoculum of > or = 10(6) colony-forming units per ml (cfu/ml), bacteriocin production is observed during exponential growth, whereas with < or = 10(4) cfu/ml no bacteriocin is detected even when the culture has reached stationary phase. using pure bacteriocins, it was demonstrated that bacteriocin production is autoregulated. to understand how b ... | 1997 | 9133602 |
| lactic acid bacteria of foods and their current taxonomy. | application of molecular genetic techniques to determine the relatedness of food-associated lactic acid bacteria has resulted in significant changes in their taxonomic classification. during the 1980s the genus streptococcus was separated into the three genera enterococcus, lactococcus and streptococcus. the lactic acid bacteria associated with foods now include species of the genera carnobacterium, enterococcus, lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc, oenococcus, pediococcus, streptococcus, te ... | 1997 | 9168311 |
| effects of physico-chemical factors influencing tyramine production by carnobacterium divergens. | tyramine production by a strain of carnobacterium divergens was tested in relation to different conditions of ph, temperature, glucose, oxygen availability, potassium nitrate and sodium chloride content, using a combination of a doehlert and plackett-burman experimental design. a second degree polynomial model was chosen to describe tyramine production which was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. maximal tyramine production occurred during the stationary phase in acidic condit ... | 1997 | 9246769 |
| detection of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria isolated from foods and comparison with pediocin and nisin. | a total of 663,533 colonies from 72 dairy and meat sources showed a detection rate of 0.2% for bacteriocin producers using direct plating techniques. a further 83,000 colonies from 40 fish and vegetable sources showed a detection rate of 3.4% for bacteriocin producers using selective enrichment procedures. a collection of seven purified isolates showing a different host spectrum of bacteriocin activity and with the ability to produce bacteriocins in broth culture were compared with nisin and ped ... | 1997 | 9281829 |
| detection and partial characterization of a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium piscicola 213. | blis 213, is a bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance produced by carnobacterium piscicola 213. it is active against carnobacterium, enterococcus and listeria spp. no activity was observed against tested lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc and pediococcus strains, nor against gram-negative bacteria. the blis 213 activity was inactivated by several proteolytic enzymes. it was heat resistant (121 degrees c for 20 min), and stable over a ph range of 2-8. activity was determined by a dilution mic ... | 1997 | 9281850 |
| modulation of crassostrea virginica hemocyte reactive oxygen species production by listonella anguillarum. | luminol- and lucigenin-augmented chemiluminescence (cl) were used to evaluate the ability of listonella (formerly vibrio) anguillarum to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ros) by crassostrea virginica hemocytes. whereas heat-killed l. anguillarum stimulated hemocyte cl in the lucigenin system, viable l. anguillarum did not. neither viable nor heat-killed bacteria stimulated hemocyte production of luminol cl. metabolically active l. anguillarum generated ros, as indicated by lu ... | 1997 | 9303272 |
| antibacterial activity of selected fatty acids and essential oils against six meat spoilage organisms. | the antibacterial activity of selected fatty acids and essential oils was examined against two gram-negative (pseudomonas fluorescens and serratia liquefaciens) and four gram-positive (brochothrix thermosphacta, carnobacterium piscicola, lactobacillus curvatus, and lactobacillus sake) bacteria involved in meat spoilage. various amounts of each preservative were added to brain heart infusion or mrs (deman, rogosa and sharpe) agars, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for each ... | 1997 | 9310850 |
| characterization of a locus from carnobacterium piscicola lv17b involved in bacteriocin production and immunity: evidence for global inducer-mediated transcriptional regulation. | mutational, nucleotide sequence, and transcriptional analyses of a 10-kb fragment (carnobacteriocin locus) from the 61-kb plasmid of carnobacterium piscicola lv17b demonstrated the presence of two gene clusters (cbnxy and cbnskrtd) upstream of the previously sequenced carnobacteriocin b2 structural and immunity genes (cbnb2 and cbib2). deduced products of cbnk and cbnr have sequence similarity to proteins of agr-type two-component signal transduction systems, and those of cbnt and cbnd have sequ ... | 1997 | 9324267 |
| characteristics and genetic determinants of bacteriocin activities produced by carnobacterium piscicola cp5 isolated from cheese. | carnobacterium piscicola cp5, isolated from a french mold-ripened soft cheese, produced a bacteriocin activity named carnocin cp5, which inhibited carnobacterium, enterococcus and listeria spp. strains, and among the lactobacillus spp. only lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. [24]. the activity was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion exchange, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography followed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). this latter step separated ... | 1997 | 9353214 |
| characterization of a bacteriophage for carnobacterium divergens ncfb 2763 by host specificity and electron microscopy. | carnobacterium divergens ncfb 2763 was used to isolate bacteriophage cd1 from minced beef using an enrichment isolation technique. host specificity testing showed that it exhibited lytic activity only against a limited number of c. divergens strains. no activity was observed against any of the c. gallinarum, c. mobile, c. piscicola, enterococcus durans, lactobacillus plantarum and lact. brevis strains tested. anaerobic incubation had no effect on the host specificity pattern. bacteriophage cd1 b ... | 1997 | 9449854 |
| evaluation of the role of carnobacterium piscicola in spoilage of vacuum- and modified-atmosphere-packed cold-smoked salmon stored at 5 degrees c. | the microflora on spoiled cold-smoked salmon often consists of a mixture of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and gram-negative bacteria. to elucidate the role of the different groups, a storage trial was carried out in which nisin and co2 were used for the selective inhibition of the two bacterial groups. the shelf-life of vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon, recorded by sensory evaluation, was four weeks at 5 degrees c and the microflora was composed of lab (10(6)-10(7) cfu/g) with an associate gram-neg ... | 1998 | 9553794 |
| study of the microbial ecology of cold-smoked salmon during storage at 8 degrees c. | microbiological, chemical and sensory changes in cold-smoked salmon were studied during 5 weeks of vacuum storage at 8 degrees c. the aerobic 20 degrees c viable count reached its maximum level after 6 days (3 x 10(6) cfu g-1) however, the shelf-life of the product was estimated to be 2 or 3 weeks by the panellists, confirming that there is no correlation between those two factors. acid, pungent, sour and rancid odours and flavours and pasty texture were the main spoilage characteristics. trimet ... | 1998 | 9562883 |
| predictive models as means to quantify the interactions of spoilage organisms. | the purpose of this paper is to quantify the interactions of some groups of spoilage organisms that can be usually found in refrigerated meat stored in air, such as: enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas, acinetobacter, psychrobacter, shewanella, carnobacterium, lactobacillus, leuconostoc, brochothrix and kurthia spp. the growth of these organisms was studied in the range of temperature 2-11 degrees c and ph 5.2-6.4, which is characteristic of refrigerated meat. the main growth parameters (maximum spe ... | 1998 | 9631338 |
| evaluation of the extent and type of bacterial contamination at different stages of processing of cooked ham. | in an attempt to determine the composition and origin of the spoilage flora of refrigerated vacuum-packed cooked ham, the changes in microbial numbers and types were followed along the processing line. results revealed lactobacillus sake and leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides as the major causative agents of spoilage of sliced ham stored at 4 degrees c and 12 degrees c, due to recontamination in the cutting room. on the contrary, the progressive deterioration of whole ham under the sam ... | 1998 | 9633662 |
| enhancement of bacteriocin production by carnobacterium divergens as7 in the presence of a bacteriocin-sensitive strain carnobacterium piscicola. | the effect of carnobacterium piscicola in the growth medium of carnobacterium divergens on divercin production was studied. c. piscicola cultures were added in the form of living cultures, thermally inactivated cultures and pretreated autolyzed cultures. each form was applied as whole culture comprising growth medium with cells, culture supernatants and cell pellets. it was found that the divercin-sensitive bacterium enhanced significantly the divercin production by c. divergens. the highest sti ... | 1998 | 9706799 |
| manganese reduction by microbes from oxic regions of the lake vanda (antarctica) water column | depth profiles of metals in lake vanda, a permanently ice-covered, stratified antarctic lake, suggest the importance of particulate manganese oxides in the scavenging, transport, and release of metals. since manganese oxides can be solubilized by manganese-reducing bacteria, microbially mediated manganese reduction was investigated in lake vanda. microbes concentrated from oxic regions of the water column, encompassing a peak of soluble manganese [mn(ii)], reduced synthetic manganese oxides (mno ... | 1998 | 9758801 |
| electrophoretic pattern of peptidoglycan hydrolases, a new tool for bacterial species identification: application to 10 lactobacillus species. | lactobacilli have been used as industrial starters for a long time, but in many cases their phenotypic identification is still neither easy nor reliable. previously we observed that the cell wall peptidoglycan hydrolases of lactobacillus helveticus were highly conserved enzymes; the aim of the present work was to determine whether peptidoglycan hydrolase patterns obtained by renaturing sds-page could be of interest in the identification of lactobacilli species. for that purpose, the peptidoglyca ... | 1997 | 9765824 |
| divercin v41, a new bacteriocin with two disulphide bonds produced by carnobacterium divergens v41: primary structure and genomic organization. | divercin v41 is a new bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41, a lactic acid bacterium isolated from fish viscera. the amino acid sequence of divercin v41 showed high homologies with pediocin pa-1 and enterocin a. two disulphide bonds were present in the hydrophilic n-terminal domain and in the highly variable hydrophobic c-terminal domain, respectively. a dna probe designed from the n-terminal sequence of the purified peptide was used to locate the structural gene of divercin v41. ... | 1998 | 9802025 |
| heterologous expression of the bacteriocin mesentericin y105 using the dedicated transport system and the general secretion pathway. | two different n-terminal extensions have been identified within class ii bacteriocin precursors. the first one is a two-glycine-type leader peptide associated with a dedicated atp-binding cassette transporter. the second is a signal peptide which directs the bacteriocin precursor to the general secretion machinery. mesentericin y105 is a class ii anti-listeria bacteriocin produced by leuconostoc mesenteroides y105 via a dedicated transport system (dts). to investigate heterologous expression sys ... | 1998 | 9802026 |
| the effect of dietary fatty acids on lactic acid bacteria associated with the epithelial mucosa and from faecalia of arctic charr, salvelinus alpinus (l.). | arctic charr, salvelinus alpinus (l.), held in fresh water, were fed four experimental diets containing different polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa). in addition, one group fed a diet containing only coconut oil as sole lipid source served as control. the population of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria associated with the epithelial mucosa and the faecalia was estimated using the dilution plate technique. generally, the population level of adherent bacteria increased along the digestive tract (stom ... | 1998 | 9830121 |
| enumeration of carnobacterium divergens v41, carnobacterium piscicola v1 and lactobacillus brevis lb62 by in situ hybridization-flow cytometry. | the specific detection and enumeration of lactobacillus brevis lb62, carnobacterium divergens v14 and carnobacterium piscicola vi were studied by in situ hybridization-flow cytometry. the method was performed on the exponential growth phase with three probes targeting 16s rrna labelled with fluorescein isothicyanate (fitc): eub338 probe universal for eubacteria, lb probe specific for lact. brevis and cb probe specific for the genus carnobacterium. eub338 was used to determine the permeabilizatio ... | 1998 | 9830150 |
| identification of lactic acid bacteria from chili bo, a malaysian food ingredient. | ninety-two strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from a malaysian food ingredient, chili bo, stored for up to 25 days at 28 degreesc with no benzoic acid (product a) or with 7,000 mg of benzoic acid kg-1 (product b). the strains were divided into eight groups by traditional phenotypic tests. a total of 43 strains were selected for comparison of their sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) whole-cell protein patterns with a sds-page database of lab. iso ... | 1999 | 9925588 |
| reclassification of brevibacterium incertum (breed 1953) as desemzia incerta gen. nov., comb. nov. | phylogenetic analysis of 16s rdna indicates that brevibacterium incertum is not a member of the genus brevibacterium but related to species of the genus carnobacterium. hence, brevibacterium incertum is not a member of the class actinobacteria but belongs to the phylogenetically defined broad bacillus-lactobacillus cluster. based upon properties that taxonomically clearly distinguishes brevibacterium incertum from species of the phylogenetic sister genus carnobacterium, brevibacterium incertum i ... | 1999 | 10028261 |
| the effect of diet on aerobic bacterial flora associated with intestine of arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.). | in order to extend the knowledge on the possible effect of diet on the gastrointestinal microbial community of fish, arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus l.) were fed diets containing high (23.7%) and low (6.4%) levels of carbohydrate. the number of viable aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria associated with the digestive tract were not influenced by dietary regimen. a wide range of bacterial species was isolated, and the predominant bacterial species of both rearing groups were identified as st ... | 1999 | 10030010 |
| atypical genetic locus associated with constitutive production of enterocin b by enterococcus faecium bfe 900. | a purified bacteriocin produced by enterococcus faecium bfe 900 isolated from black olives was shown by edman degradation and mass spectrometric analyses to be identical to enterocin b produced by e. faecium t136 from meat (p. casaus, t. nilsen, l. m. cintas, i. f. nes, p. e. hernández, and h. holo, microbiology 143:2287-2294, 1997). the structural gene was located on a 2.2-kb hindiii fragment and a 12.0-kb ecori chromosomal fragment. the genetic characteristics and production of entb by e. faec ... | 1999 | 10224016 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by carnobacterium spp. strains in a simulated cold smoked fish system stored at 4 degrees c. | preservation of smoked salmon from bacterial spoilage, and especially from listeria monocytogenes by bacteriocin producers is a promising challenge. over a hundred lactic acid bacteria, isolated from commercial vacuum packaged cold smoked salmon, were screened for their antagonistic activity against l. innocua. twenty-two strains were able to produce bacteriocin-like proteinaceous substances. these strains were characterized physiologically and biochemically as carnobacterium strains. three diff ... | 1999 | 10357271 |
| delineation of key amino acid side chains and peptide domains for antimicrobial properties of divercin v41, a pediocin-like bacteriocin secreted by carnobacterium divergens v41. | divercin v41 (dv41) is a class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41. this antilisterial peptide is homologous to pediocin pa-1 and contains two disulfide bonds. to establish the structure-activity relationships of this specific family of bacteriocin, chemical modifications and enzymatic hydrolysis were performed on dv41. alteration of the net charge of this cationic bacteriocin by succinylation and acetylation revealed that, in a certain range, the electrostatic interactions ... | 1999 | 10388680 |
| growth control of listeria monocytogenes on cold-smoked salmon using a competitive lactic acid bacteria flora. | a lactobacillus sake strain lke5 and four strains of carnobacterium piscicola were evaluated as biopreservation cultures to control the growth of listeria monocytogenes on vacuum-packed, cold-smoked salmon stored at 5 degrees c. all five strains were antilisterial as live cultures in an agar diffusion assay. cell-free supernatants of two strains of c. piscicola and l. sake lke5 were also antilisterial because of the production of bacteriocins. the presence of high cell numbers of strains of c. p ... | 1999 | 10419205 |
| colicin v can be produced by lactic acid bacteria. | colicin v is a small, proteinaceous bacterial toxin, produced by many strains of escherichia coli and other members of the enterobacteriaceae, that fits the definition of class ii bacteriocins of gram-positive bacteria. export of colicin v is dependent on specific abc (atp-binding cassette) secretion proteins which recognize a double-glycine-type leader peptide on the immature colicin v bacteriocin. replacement of the colicin v leader peptide by a signal peptide from the signal sequence-dependen ... | 1999 | 10432630 |
| cold-adapted alanine dehydrogenases from two antarctic bacterial strains: gene cloning, protein characterization, and comparison with mesophilic and thermophilic counterparts. | the genes encoding nad(+)-dependent alanine dehydrogenases (aladhs) (ec 1.4.1.1) from the antarctic bacterial organisms shewanella sp. strain ac10 (shealadh) and carnobacterium sp. strain st2 (caraladh) were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. of all of the aladhs that have been sequenced, shealadh exhibited the highest level of sequence similarity to the aladh from the gram-negative bacterium vibrio proteolyticus (vpraladh). caraladh was most similar to aladhs from mesophilic and thermoph ... | 1999 | 10473410 |
| antibodies to a synthetic 1-9-n-terminal amino acid fragment of mature pediocin pa-1: sensitivity and specificity for pediocin pa-1 and cross-reactivity against class iia bacteriocins. | polyclonal antibodies specific for pediocin pa-1 (peda1) were generated by immunization of rabbits with a chemically synthesized 1-9-n-terminal amino acid fragment of this bacteriocin (ph1) conjugated to the carrier protein keyhole limpet haemocyanin (klh). the ph1 fragment holds a highly conserved amino acid sequence with closely related class iia bacteriocins. the sensitivity and specificity of the ph1-klh-generated rabbit polyclonal antibodies were evaluated by the development of various elis ... | 1999 | 10537199 |
| carnobacterium inhibens sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of atlantic salmon (salmo salar). | strain k1t, isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of atlantic salmon (salmo salar), has the capacity to inhibit the growth of the fish pathogens vibrio anguillarum and aeromonas salmonicida. strain k1t is a motile gram-positive psychrophilic rod that lacks both catalase and oxidase, which does not grow on acetate containing media, but grows at ph 9 and in tsb with up to 6% sodium chloride content. strain k1t is facultatively anaerobic and tryptone as a sole source of nutrient promotes growth. ... | 1999 | 10555373 |
| solution structure of carnobacteriocin b2 and implications for structure-activity relationships among type iia bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria. | carnobacteriocin b2 (cbnb2), a type iia bacteriocin, is a 48 residue antimicrobial peptide from the lactic acid bacterium carnobacterium pisicola lv17b. type iia bacteriocins have a conserved ygngvxc sequence near the n-terminus and usually contain a disulfide bridge. cbnb2 seemed to be unique in that its two cysteines (cys9 and cys14) could be isolated as free thiols [quadri et al. (1994) j. biol. chem. 26, 12204-12211]. to establish the structural consequences of the presence or absence of a d ... | 1999 | 10569926 |
| bacterial microflora of wild brown trout (salmo trutta), wild pike (esox lucius), and aquacultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | initial numbers of bacteria associated with wild (brown trout and pike) and cultured (rainbow trout) freshwater fish as well as with the water in which they were caught were determined. subsequently, a total of 979 randomly selected isolates were characterized and identified to the genus level. for all counts performed (aerobes, psychrotrophs, anaerobes, enterobacteriaceae, and enterococci), no significant differences were observed in water samples, the highest level corresponding to psychrotrop ... | 1999 | 10571316 |
| characterisation of lactic acid bacteria from spoiled, vacuum-packaged, cold-smoked rainbow trout using ribotyping. | a total of 405 lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from spoiled, vacuum-packaged, salted, sodium nitrite- or potassium nitrate-treated, cold-smoked rainbow trout stored at 4 degrees c or 8 degrees c were characterised and identified using a molecular method. the isolates were initially classified according to their restriction endonuclease profiles using hindiii and ecori restriction endonucleases and further characterised by rrna gene restriction patterns (ribotypes). numerical analysis of thes ... | 1999 | 10573394 |
| molecular and physiological characterization of dominant bacterial populations in traditional mozzarella cheese processing | the development of the dominant bacterial populations during traditional mozzarella cheese production was investigated using physiological analyses and molecular techniques for strain typing and taxonomic identification. analysis of rapd fingerprints revealed that the dominant bacterial community was composed of 25 different biotypes, and the sequence analysis of 16s rdna demonstrated that the isolated strains belonged to leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides, leuc. lactis, streptococcu ... | 1999 | 10583686 |
| biochemical and phylogenetic analyses of a cold-active beta-galactosidase from the lactic acid bacterium carnobacterium piscicola ba. | we are investigating glycosyl hydrolases from new psychrophilic isolates to examine the adaptations of enzymes to low temperatures. a beta-galactosidase from isolate ba, which we have classified as a strain of the lactic acid bacterium carnobacterium piscicola, was capable of hydrolyzing the chromogen 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside (x-gal) at 4 degrees c and possessed higher activity in crude cell lysates at 25 than at 37 degrees c. sequence analysis of a cloned dna fragment ... | 1999 | 10584002 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by in situ produced and semipurified bacteriocins of carnobacterium spp. on vacuum-packed, refrigerated cold-smoked salmon. | listeria monocytogenes inhibition by carnobacterium strains and crude bacteriocins on sterile and commercial vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon stored at 4 degrees c and 8 degrees c was investigated. carnobacterium piscicola v1 was bactericidal against l. monocytogenes at the two temperatures, whereas carnobacterium divergens v41 presented a bacteriostatic effect. c. piscicola sf668 delayed l. monocytogenes growth at 8 degrees c and had a bacteriostatic effect at 4 degrees c. listeria growth was n ... | 1999 | 10606143 |
| triton x-114 phase partitioning for the isolation of a pediocin-like bacteriocin from carnobacterium divergens. | a new procedure combining triton x-114 phase partitioning and cation exchange chromatography was developed to purify a bacteriocin from a complex culture medium. this pediocin-like bacteriocin, secreted by carnobacterium divergens and named divercin v41, was entirely recovered in the lower detergent-rich phase whereas all other substances (compounds from culture medium, bacterial metabolites) remained in the upper detergent-poor phase. subsequent cation-exchange chromatography of the tx-114-rich ... | 2000 | 10728559 |
| characterization of the genetic locus responsible for production and immunity of carnobacteriocin a: the immunity gene confers cross-protection to enterocin b. | carnobacteriocin a (cbna) is a regulated bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium piscicola lv17a that is encoded on a 72 kb plasmid. a 10.0 kb fragment from this plasmid that contained information necessary for bacteriocin production and immunity was cloned and sequenced. genetic analysis showed the presence of the previously sequenced structural gene for cbna, as well as genes encoding proteins homologous to dedicated bacteriocin transport proteins and proteins of three-component signal transduc ... | 2000 | 10746765 |
| simple method to identify bacteriocin induction peptides and to auto-induce bacteriocin production at low cell density. | the production of some bacteriocins by lactic acid bacteria is regulated by induction peptides (ips) that are secreted by a dedicated secretion system. the ip gene cbax, for carnobacteriocin a production by carnobacterium piscicola lv17a, and a presumptive ip gene (orf6), associated with the genetic locus for enterocin b production in enterococcus faecium bfe 900, were fused to the signal peptide of the bacteriocin divergicin a from carnobacterium divergens lv13 to access the general secretory p ... | 2000 | 10802168 |
| lactobacillus algidus sp. nov., a psychrophilic lactic acid bacterium isolated from vacuum-packaged refrigerated beef. | lactobacillus algidus sp. nov. is described on the basis of 40 strains isolated as one of the predominant bacteria from five specimens of vacuum-packaged beef collected from different meat shops and stored at 2 degrees c for 3 weeks. these strains were quite uniform in the overall characteristics examined. they are facultatively anaerobic, psychrophilic, gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile, lactic acid-homofermentative rods. the cells occurred singly and in pairs on agar media and in ra ... | 2000 | 10843056 |
| the differentiation of carnobacterium divergens using the random amplification of polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction technique. | the potential of the randomly amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) technique to differentiate carnobacterium divergens from other members of the genus carnobacterium was examined. a numerical analysis of the genomic profiles obtained demonstrated that it was possible to differentiate the c. divergens strains from other carnobacterium strains using this technique. the heterogeneity observed in the representatives of the species c. piscicola adds further weight to the sug ... | 2000 | 10849274 |
| lactic acid bacteria associated with the digestive tract of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.). | the present study reports the effect of excessive handling stress and starvation on the lactic acid bacteria associated with the digestive tract of atlantic salmon (salmo salar l.). a relatively low population level (approximately 2 x 103 bacteria per gram wet tissue) of viable adherent heterotrophic bacteria was associated with the digestive tract (foregut, midgut and hindgut). of the 752 bacterial isolates isolated from diet, water and the digestive tract, 201 isolates belonged to the carnobac ... | 2000 | 10971765 |
| the use of multiplex pcr reactions to characterize populations of lactic acid bacteria associated with meat spoilage. | a rapid, systematic and reliable approach for identifying lactic acid bacteria associated with meat was developed, allowing for detection of carnobacterium spp., lactobacillus curvatus, lact. sakei and leuconostoc spp. polymerase chain reaction primers specific for carnobacterium and leuconostoc were created from 16s rrna oligonucleotide probes and used in combination with species-specific primers for the 16s/23s rrna spacer region of lact. curvatus and lact. sakei in multiplex pcr reactions. th ... | 2000 | 10972714 |
| use of two-dimensional electrophoresis to study differential protein expression in divercin v41-resistant and wild-type strains of listeria monocytogenes. | the use of bacteriocins from food-grade lactic acid bacteria to fight against the food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes has been gaining interest. however, the emergence of resistant cells is frequently reported when listeria is exposed to such antibacterials. a two-dimensional electrophoresis study of whole-cell protein expression of listeria monocytogenes variants sensitive or resistant to the action of a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium divergens v41, divercin v41, is reported in t ... | 2000 | 11010876 |
| numerical phenetic study of the genus carnobacterium. | eighty-nine strains representing the genus carnobacterium, enterococcus durans, vagacoccus salmoninarum and atypical lactobacillus strains mt12 and mt13 were examined for 92 unit characters. computer analysis of the data resulted in the recovery of four major, five minor and thirteen single membered clusters. three cluster-groups contained seventy-four of the carnobacterium strains, enterococcus durans ncfb 596t and lactobacillus maltaromicus ncfb 2382t. cluster-group a was equated with carnobac ... | 2000 | 11016698 |
| analogues of bacteriocins: antimicrobial specificity and interactions of leucocin a with its enantiomer, carnobacteriocin b2, and truncated derivatives. | | 2000 | 11101349 |
| the effect of biogenic amine production by single bacterial cultures and metabiosis on cold-smoked salmon. | biogenic amines are important indicators of spoilage in vacuum-packed cold-smoked salmon. it is the aim of this study to identify bacteria responsible for biogenic amine production in cold-smoked salmon. | 2000 | 11123465 |