| phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characterization of acidaminococcus fermentans. | the phylogenetic position of acidaminococcus fermentans was determined by comparative sequence analysis of the 16s rrna. this gram-negative bacterium is a member of the sporomusa cluster that is defined by other gram-negative bacteria, i.e. sporomusa, megasphaera, selenomonas, butyrivibrio, pectinatus, and zymophilus. the branching point of this group within the radiation of gram-positive bacteria of the clostridium/bacillus subphylum and adjacent to peptococcus niger could be confirmed. chemota ... | 1992 | 1385264 |
| purification and characterization of a methanol-induced cobamide-containing protein from sporomusa ovata. | the major cobamide-containing protein from methanol-utilizing sporomusa ovata was 8-fold enriched to apparent homogeneity. the protein exhibited a molecular mass of 40 kda and of 38 kda determined by gel filtration and by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. this finding indicates a monomeric protein structure. monospecific polyclonal antisera raised against the protein did not cross react with another cobamide-containing protein from sporomusa cells. only the 40 kda cobamide-co ... | 1992 | 1444720 |
| acetonema longum gen. nov. sp. nov., an h2/co2 acetogenic bacterium from the termite, pterotermes occidentis. | a previously undescribed, h2-oxidizing co2-reducing acetogenic bacterium was isolated from gut contents of the wood-feeding termite, pterotermes occidentis. cells of representative strain apo-1 were strictly anaerobic. gram-negative, endospore-forming motile rods which measured 0.30-0.40 x 6-60 microm. cells were catalase positive, oxidase negative, and had 51.5 mol percent g + c in their dna. optimum conditions for growth on h2 + co2 were at 30-33 degrees c and ph (initial) 7.8, and under these ... | 1991 | 1723588 |
| evidence for a super-reduced cobamide as the major corrinoid fraction in vivo and a histidine residue as a cobalt ligand of the p-cresolyl cobamide in the acetogenic bacterium sporomusa ovata. | the redox state of cobalt in p-cresolyl cobamide and one of its axial ligands were determined by epr spectroscopy of sporomusa ovata as harvested. the analyses revealed that less than 2% (less than 30 nmol/g dry cells) of the total corrinoids (greater than 2400 nmol/g dry cells) were in a low-spin co(ii) complex. the amount increased to about 15% (190-450 nmol/g dry cells) upon partial oxidation by air, indicating that the original valence state of cobalt was a co(i) prior to this treatment. the ... | 1990 | 2171927 |
| identification of phenolyl cobamide from the homoacetogenic bacterium sporomusa ovata. | phenolyl cobamide was isolated from cyanide extractions of the anaerobic eubacterium sporomusa ovata. the proposed corrinoid structure [co alpha,co beta-(monocyano,monoaquo)-phenolyl cobamide] has been deduced from 1h nmr, fast-atom-bombardment mass spectroscopy and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy data. the complete corrinoid resembled p-cresolyl cobamide [co alpha,co beta-(monocyano,monoaquo)-p-cresolyl cobamide], which recently has been obtained from cyanide extractions of the same bacterium. ... | 1989 | 2606109 |
| diversity of corrinoids in acetogenic bacteria. p-cresolylcobamide from sporomusa ovata, 5-methoxy-6-methylbenzimidazolylcobamide from clostridium formicoaceticum and vitamin b12 from acetobacterium woodii. | the co beta-cyanocobamides obtained by cyanide extractions from several acetogenic bacteria were structurally characterized by ultraviolet/visible spectra, proton-nuclear-magnetic-resonance spectra and fast-atom-bombardment mass spectra. p-cresolycobamide was detected as a major corrinoid from sporomusa ovata. this 'complete' corrinoid was isolated from an organism for the first time. instead of the common co alpha bases of the known and biologically active cobamides, p-cresolylcobamide containe ... | 1988 | 3350008 |
| phylogenetic placement of dialister pneumosintes (formerly bacteroides pneumosintes) within the sporomusa subbranch of the clostridium subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria. | the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene of the type strain of dialister pneumosintes was determined. phylogenetic analysis revealed that this species belongs to the sporomusa branch of the clostridium subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria and should therefore be excluded from the family bacteroidaceae. within this branch, which encompasses several other gram-negative taxa, such as acidaminococcus, pectinatus, phascolarcobacterium, quinella, selenomonas, and zymophilus, dialister showed a ... | 1995 | 7537075 |
| 16s rrna gene similarities indicate that hallella seregens (moore and moore) and mitsuokella dentalis (haapsalo et al.) are genealogically highly related and are members of the genus prevotella: emended description of the genus prevotella (shah and collins) and description of prevotella dentalis comb. nov. | because of similarities in the cellular fatty acid compositions of hallella seregens and mitsuokella dentalis, we determined the 16s rrna gene sequences of the type strains of these species to assess their relationship. a very high level of sequence relatedness (approximately 99.8%) was found between h. seregens and m. dentalis, indicating that these species are genealogically closely related. a comparative sequence analysis revealed that these two species are members of the genus prevotella and ... | 1995 | 7547307 |
| proposal of quinella ovalis gen. nov., sp. nov., based on phylogenetic analysis. | quin's oval is a relatively large bacterium often seen in the rumens of sheep fed diets containing some readily fermented carbohydrates. it has not been obtained in axenic cultures, but a number of its features have been determined by various methods, such as studying cell suspensions purified from rumen fluid by differential centrifugation. we obtained similarly purified suspensions from a sheep fed a diet containing a large amount of molasses. nearly complete 16s rrna sequence analysis of thes ... | 1993 | 7684240 |
| anaerobic degradation of malonate via malonyl-coa by sporomusa malonica, klebsiella oxytoca, and rhodobacter capsulatus. | anaerobic decarboxylation of malonate to acetate was studied with sporomusa malonica, klebsiella oxytoca, and rhodobacter capsulatus. whereas s. malonica could grow with malonate as sole substrate (y = 2.0 g.mol-1), malonate decarboxylation by k. oxytoca was coupled with anaerobic growth only in the presence of a cosubstrate, e.g. sucrose or yeast extract (ys = 1.1-1.8 g.mol malonate-1). r. capsulatus used malonate anaerobically only in the light, and growth yields with acetate and malonate were ... | 1994 | 7710283 |
| transformation of tetrachloroethylene to trichloroethylene by homoacetogenic bacteria. | eight homoacetogenic strains of the genera acetobacterium, clostridium and sporomusa were tested for their ability to dechlorinate tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethene, pce). of the organisms tested only sporomusa ovata was able to reductively dechlorinate pce with methanol as an electron donor. resting cells of s. ovata reductively dechlorinated pce at a rate of 9.8 nmol h-1 (mg protein)-1 to trichloroethylene (tce) as the sole product. the dechlorination activity depended on concomitant acetog ... | 1994 | 7988892 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of a corrinoid protein from sporomusa ovata. | crystals of a 40 kda p-cresolyl-cobamide containing protein from sporomusa ovata have been obtained from polyethyleneglycol solutions at ph 8.5 by the hanging drop technique. the crystals belong to space group c222(1) with cell dimensions a = 110.5(0.2) a, b = 144.0 (0.2) a, c = 110.4 (0.1) a. they diffract to 2.2 a resolution on a rotating anode x-ray source and are suitable for high resolution x-ray diffraction studies. | 1994 | 8107124 |
| isolation of a cytochrome-deficient mutant strain of sporomusa sphaeroides not capable of oxidizing methyl groups. | the homoacetogenic anaerobic bacterium sporomusa sphaeroides was mutagenized with uv light. taking advantage of the ampicillin enrichment technique and a newly developed test for the detection of heme in bacterial colonies, the cytochrome-deficient mutant strain s. sphaeroides bk824 was isolated. in contrast to the wild type, this mutant strain failed to grow on betaine, betaine plus methanol, h2 plus co2, and methanol plus co2. growth on betaine plus formate, betaine plus h2, betaine plus pyruv ... | 1993 | 8491723 |
| purification and characterization of a membrane-bound hydrogenase from sporomusa sphaeroides involved in energy-transducing electron transport. | hydrogenase was solubilized from the cytoplasmic membrane fraction of betaine-grown sporomusa sphaeroides, and the enzyme was purified under oxic conditions. the oxygen-sensitive enzyme was partially reactivated under reducing conditions, resulting in a maximal activity of 19.8 μmol h2 oxidized min-1 (mg protein)-1 with benzyl viologen as electron acceptor and an apparent km value for h2 of 341 μm. the molecular mass of the native protein estimated by native page and gel filtration was 122 ... | 1996 | 8593101 |
| anaerobic o-demethylations of methoxynaphthols, methoxyfuran, and fluoroanisols by sporomusa ovata. | in vitro experiments with 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate-induced sporomusa enzymes a broad o-methyl ether cleavage capacity. the o-demethylase activity hydrolized the methyl-oxygen linkages of methoxynaphtholes of the heterocycles 2-methoxyfuran or 2-methoxythiophene as well as of several dimethoxy and monomethoxy aryls under anaerobic conditions. also, fluoro and chloro substituents of anisoles enhanced the o-demethylation rate, indicating that an electron delocalized aromatic structure supported the me ... | 1996 | 8687472 |
| sporomusa silvacetica sp, nov., an acetogenic bacterium isolated from aggregated forest soil. | sporomusa silvacetica sp. nov. dg-1t (= dsmz 10669t) (t = type strain) was isolated from well-drained, aggregated forest soil (ph 6.0) in east-central germany. the cells were obligately anaerobic, slightly curved rods and were motile by means of laterally inserted flagella on the concave side of each cell. typical cells were approximately 3.5 by 0.7 micron. cells stained weakly gram positive, but thin sections revealed a complex multilayer cell wall. spores were spherical and distended the spora ... | 1997 | 9103621 |
| carbonic anhydrase in acetobacterium woodii and other acetogenic bacteria. | acetobacterium woodii, acetohalobium arabaticum, clostridium formicoaceticum, and sporomusa silvacetica were found to contain carbonic anhydrase (ca). minimal to no ca activity was detected in moorella thermoautotrophica, moorella thermoacetica subsp. "pratumsolum," sporomusa termitida, and thermoanaerobacter kivui. of the acetogens tested, a. woodii had the highest ca specific activity, approximately 14 u mg of protein(-1), in extracts of either glucose- or h2-co2-cultivated cells. ca of a. woo ... | 1997 | 9371472 |
| high genetic and physiological diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from an oligotrophic lake sediment. | the community structure of sulfate-reducing bacteria in littoral and profundal sediments of the oligotrophic lake stechlin (germany) was investigated. a collection of 32 strains was isolated from the highest positive dilutions of most-probable-number series, and their partial 16s rrna gene sequences and genomic fingerprints based on eric (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus)-pcr were analyzed. the strains fell into eight distinct phylogenetic lineages, and the majority (70%) showed a ... | 1998 | 9732438 |
| succinispira mobilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a succinate-decarboxylating anaerobic bacterium. | a succinate-decarboxylating anaerobic bacterium, designated strain 19gly1t, was previously isolated from a mixed culture growing with glycolate. the almost complete sequence of the 16s rrna gene (1495 nt) was determined for this strain. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence homology, strain 19gly1t was identified as a member of the sporomusa sub-branch of the 'low g+c' gram-positive bacteria. phylogenetic analysis showed that strain 19gly1t was most closely related to succiniclasticum ruminis, ... | 1999 | 10425757 |
| culturable populations of sporomusa spp. and desulfovibrio spp. in the anoxic bulk soil of flooded rice microcosms. | most-probable-number (mpn) counts were made of homoacetogenic and other bacteria present in the anoxic flooded bulk soil of laboratory microcosms containing 90- to 95-day-old rice plants. mpn counts with substrates known to be useful for the selective enrichment or the cultivation of homoacetogenic bacteria (betaine, ethylene glycol, 2, 3-butanediol, and 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate) gave counts of 2.3 x 10(3) to 2.8 x 10(5) cells per g of dry soil. homoacetogens isolated from the terminal positive ... | 1999 | 10427044 |
| a re-evaluation of the taxonomy of the genus anaerovibrio, with the reclassification of anaerovibrio glycerini as anaerosinus glycerini gen. nov., comb. nov., and anaerovibrio burkinabensis as anaeroarcus burkinensis [corrig.] gen. nov., comb. nov. | chemotaxonomic, electron microscopic and 16s rrna gene sequence analyses of the three described species of the genus anaerovibrio demonstrated only remote similarities to each other. the 16s rrna gene sequence similarities between anaerovibrio lipolytica, anaerovibrio glycerini and anaerovibrio burkinabensis and the derived phylogenetic relationships of the three species studied fell below genus level. all three species clustered within the sporomusa-pectinatus-selenomonas phyletic group. each s ... | 1999 | 10555370 |
| reclassification of clostridium quercicolum as dendrosporobacter quercicolus gen. nov., comb. nov. | morphological features, genomic dna base composition and 16s rdna sequence similarities, as well as a distinct phospholipid pattern, whole-cell fatty acid distribution and the occurrence of the lipoquinone 'lipid f', indicate that clostridium quercicolum belongs to the sporomusa-pectinatus-selenomonas phyletic group and possesses only a remote relationship to members of the genus clostridium sensu stricto. on the basis of these results, the new genus and combination dendrosporobacter quercicolus ... | 2000 | 10826792 |
| structure of the molybdate/tungstate binding protein mop from sporomusa ovata. | transport of molybdenum into bacteria involves a high-affinity abc transporter system whose expression is controlled by a repressor protein called mode. while molybdate transport is tightly coupled to utilization in some bacteria, other organisms have molybdenum storage proteins. one class of putative molybdate storage proteins is characterized by a sequence consisting of about 70 amino acids (mop). a tandem repeat of mop sequences also constitutes the molybdate binding domain of mode. | 2000 | 11080635 |
| propionispora vibrioides, nov. gen., nov. sp., a new gram-negative, spore-forming anaerobe that ferments sugar alcohols. | anaerobic enrichment cultures, with erythritol as substrate, resulted in the isolation of a strain with properties not yet found in an existing genus in this combination. the strain, fkbs1, was strictly anaerobic, stained gram-negative and formed spores. cells were small motile vibrios with flagella inserted at the concave side of the cell. spores were located terminally and caused only slight swelling of the cells if compared to related spore-forming genera. fkbs1 fermented fructose, mannitol, ... | 2000 | 11081792 |
| non-growth-associated demethylation of dimethylsulfoniopropionate by (homo)acetogenic bacteria. | the demethylation of the algal osmolyte dimethylsulfoniopropionate (dmsp) to methylthiopropionate (mtpa) by (homo)acetogenic bacteria was studied. five eubacterium limosum strains (including the type strain), sporomusa ovata dsm 2662(t), sporomusa sphaeroides dsm 2875(t), and acetobacterium woodii dsm 1030(t) were shown to demethylate dmsp stoichiometrically to mtpa. the (homo)acetogenic fermentation based on this demethylation did not result in any significant increase in biomass. the analogous ... | 2001 | 11133459 |
| structural investigation of the biosynthesis of alternative lower ligands for cobamides by nicotinate mononucleotide: 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase from salmonella enterica. | nicotinate mononucleotide (namn):5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase (cobt) from salmonella enterica plays a central role in the synthesis of alpha-ribazole, a key component of the lower ligand of cobalamin. surprisingly, cobt can phosphoribosylate a wide range of aromatic substrates, giving rise to a wide variety of lower ligands in cobamides. to understand the molecular basis for this lack of substrate specificity, the x-ray structures of cobt complexed with adenine, 5-methylbe ... | 2001 | 11441022 |
| restriction and modification systems of ruminal bacteria. | a high frequency of type ii restriction endonuclease activities was detected in selenomonas ruminantium but not in other rumen bacteria tested. eight different restriction endonucleases were characterized in 17 strains coming from genetically homogeneous local population. chromosomal dna isolated from s. ruminantium strains was found to be refractory to cleavage by various restriction enzymes, implying the presence of methylase activities additional to those required for protection against the c ... | 2001 | 11501482 |
| molecular identification of microorganisms from endodontic infections. | a relatively wide range of bacteria have been isolated from root canals using standard culture techniques. however, only 50% of the bacteria in the oral cavity are cultivable (s. s. socransky et al., arch. oral biol. 8:278-280, 1963); hence, bacterial diversity in endodontic infections is underestimated. this study used a pcr-based 16s rrna gene assay, followed by cloning and sequencing of 16s rrna amplicons from a small subset of samples to assess the diversity of bacteria present in infected r ... | 2001 | 11526164 |
| 16s rrna-based analysis of microbiota from the cecum of broiler chickens. | the microbiota of the intestinal tract of chickens plays an important role in inhibiting the establishment of intestinal pathogens. earlier culturing and microscopic examinations indicated that only a fraction of the bacteria in the cecum of chickens could be grown in the laboratory. therefore, a survey of cecal bacteria was done by retrieval of 16s rrna gene sequences from dna isolated from the cecal content and the cecal mucosa. the ribosomal gene sequences were amplified with universal primer ... | 2002 | 11772618 |
| tolerance and metabolic response of acetogenic bacteria toward oxygen. | the acetogens sporomusa silvacetica, moorella thermoacetica, clostridium magnum, acetobacterium woodii, and thermoanaerobacter kivui (i) grew in both semisolid and liquid cultivation media containing o(2) and (ii) consumed small amounts of o(2). low concentrations of o(2) caused a lag phase in growth but did not alter the ability of these acetogens to synthesize acetate via the acetyl coenzyme a pathway. cell extracts of s. silvacetica, m. thermoacetica, and c. magnum contained peroxidase and na ... | 2002 | 11823254 |
| covalently linked polyamines in the cell wall peptidoglycan of selenomonas, anaeromusa, dendrosporobacter, acidaminococcus and anaerovibrio belonging to the sporomusa subbranch. | | 2002 | 12469301 |
| hydrogen-dependent oxygen reduction by homoacetogenic bacteria isolated from termite guts. | although homoacetogenic bacteria are generally considered to be obligate anaerobes, they colonize the intestinal tracts of termites and other environments that are not entirely anoxic in space or time. in this study, we investigated how homoacetogenic bacteria isolated from the hindguts of various termites respond to the presence of molecular oxygen. all strains investigated formed growth bands in oxygen gradient agar tubes under a headspace of h(2)-co(2). the position of the bands coincided wit ... | 2003 | 12570995 |
| phylogenetic analysis of some sporomusa sub-branch members isolated from human clinical specimens: description of megasphaera micronuciformis sp. nov. | two unknown, gram-negative, catalase-negative and strictly anaerobic cocci were isolated from two independent human samples (strains aip 49.01 and aip 412.00t). comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing demonstrated that these two organisms displayed 99.8% sequence identity and that they are members of the sporomusa sub-branch of the low-g + c gram-positive bacteria. the most closely related 16s rdna sequences were from megasphaera sp. oral clone bu057 (99.8%) and from isolates of megasphaera cerevis ... | 2003 | 12710625 |
| isolation, characterization and comparison of bacteria from swine faeces and manure storage pits. | storage of swine manure is associated with the microbiological production of a variety of odorous chemicals including ammonia, organic acids and alcohols, and sulphides. although largely the product of microbiological activity, little is known about the microorganisms present in swine manure. in order to gain a better understanding of the types and activities of the microorganisms present, representative strains of microorganisms were isolated from faeces and stored manure slurry, identified, an ... | 2003 | 12919409 |
| sporomusa aerivorans sp. nov., an oxygen-reducing homoacetogenic bacterium from the gut of a soil-feeding termite. | previously undescribed, homoacetogenic bacteria were isolated from gut homogenates of the soil-feeding termite thoracotermes macrothorax. the isolates were slightly curved, banana-shaped rods (0.6-0.7x1.3-7.0 micro m) and were motile by one or more lateral flagella. in older cultures, cells formed club-like sporangia that developed into terminal, heat-resistant endospores. cells stained gram-positive but were gram-negative in the koh test. the isolates were mesophilic and grew homoacetogenically ... | 2003 | 13130024 |
| propionispora hippei sp. nov., a novel gram-negative, spore-forming anaerobe that produces propionic acid. | a gram-negative, spore-forming anaerobe, ks(t), was isolated from an enrichment culture that was set up for anaerobic degradation of the aliphatic polyester poly(propylene adipate). the strain had the cellular organization of sporomusa, vibrio-shaped cells and terminal round spores, and fermented sugars and sugar alcohols to propionic and acetic acid. based on the morphological and physiological features as well as on a 16s rrna gene similarity of 98 %, it was grouped with propionispora vibrioid ... | 2004 | 15143048 |
| desulfosporomusa polytropa gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel sulfate-reducing bacterium from sediments of an oligotrophic lake. | five strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from the highest positive dilutions of a most probable number (mpn) series supplemented with lactate and inoculated with sediments from the oligotrophic lake stechlin. the isolates were endospore-forming and were motile by means of laterally inserted flagella. they stained gram-negative and contained b-type cytochromes. co difference spectra indicated the presence of p582 as a sulfite reductase. phylogenetic analyses of the 16s rdna sequenc ... | 2004 | 15340785 |
| anaerospora hongkongensis gen. nov. sp. nov., a novel genus and species with ribosomal dna operon heterogeneity isolated from an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. | a bacterium was isolated from the blood culture of an intravenous drug abuser with pseudobacteremia. the cells were strictly anaerobic, straight or slightly curved, sporulating, gram-negative rods. it grew on sheep blood agar as non-hemolytic, pinpoint colonies after 48 hr of incubation at 37 c in an anaerobic environment. it was motile but did not produce catalase or cytochrome oxidase. 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequencing revealed three different copies of 16s rdna sequences. more than 90% of t ... | 2005 | 15665451 |
| hydrogenation of c-c double bonds in an ionic liquid reaction system using the obligate anaerobe, sporomusa termitida. | sporomusa termitida reduced caffeate (1mm) in anaerobic, two-liquid phase, reaction systems containing either tetradecane or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [[bmim][pf6]] (20% v/v). the initial rate and final product yield were 20 and 7% lower, respectively, in [bmim][pf6]. since caffeate partitioned only into the aqueous phase, the lower rate cannot be attributed to mass transfer barriers. therefore, [bmim][pf6] inhibited the biocatalyst, perhaps unsurprisingly since it is very ... | 2005 | 15717124 |
| identification of microorganisms involved in reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated ethenes in an anaerobic microbial community. | in this study, we report on phylogenetic and physiological characterization of an anaerobic culture capable of reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethene (pce) obtained from a pce-contaminated site. the culture was enriched using different combinations of electron donors (hydrogen and acetate) and electron acceptors (pce, cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cdce) and controls without chlorinated ethenes). the resulting subcultures were analyzed using three different approaches: chemical analysis to docum ... | 2005 | 16112710 |
| fluorinated vitamin b(12) analogs are cofactors of corrinoid-dependent enzymes: a f-labeled nuclear magnetic resonance probe for identifying corrinoid-protein interactions. | the homoacetogenic bacterium sporomusa ovata synthesized the vitamin b(12) analog phenolyl cobamide or 4-fluorophenolyl cobamide when the methanol medium of growing cells was supplemented with 10 mm phenol or 5 mm 4-fluorophenol. phenol and, presumably, 4-fluorophenol were specifically incorporated into these cobamides, since phenol was not metabolized significantly into amino acids or into acetic acid, the product of the catabolism. the phenol-containing cobamides contributed up to 90% of the p ... | 1993 | 16348877 |
| corrinoid-dependent methyl transfer reactions are involved in methanol and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoate metabolism by sporomusa ovata. | washed and air-oxidized proteins from sporomusa ovata cleaved the c-o bond of methanol or methoxyaromatics and transferred the methyl to dl-tetrahydrofolate. the reactions strictly required a reductive activation by titanium citrate, catalytic amounts of atp, and the addition of dl-tetrahydrofolate. methylcorrinoid-containing proteins carried the methanol methyl, which was transferred to dl-tetrahydrofolate at a specific rate of 120 nmol h mg of protein. tetrahydrofolate methylation diminished a ... | 1993 | 16349050 |
| trophic interaction of the aerotolerant anaerobe clostridium intestinale and the acetogen sporomusa rhizae sp. nov. isolated from roots of the black needlerush juncus roemerianus. | acetogens were enumerated from root homogenates of the black needlerush juncus roemerianus obtained from a nearly pristine salt marsh. an isolated colony, st1, yielded acetogenic activity and was initially thought to be a pure culture; however, st1 was subsequently found to be composed of an aerotolerant fermentative anaerobe (rc) and an acetogen (rs(t)) ((t) indicates type strain). the two spore-forming mesophiles were separated by selective cultivation under conditions favouring the growth of ... | 2006 | 16549683 |
| megasphaera paucivorans sp. nov., megasphaera sueciensis sp. nov. and pectinatus haikarae sp. nov., isolated from brewery samples, and emended description of the genus pectinatus. | seven unidentified strictly anaerobic, gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacteria from spoiled beer or the brewery environment were characterized. based on 16s rrna gene sequence analyses, all strains were affiliated to the sporomusa sub-branch of the class 'clostridia'. three of the strains were non-motile cocci, on average 1.5 x 1.2 microm or 1.2 x 1.0 microm, occurring mainly singly or in pairs. they shared nearly identical (>99 %) 16s rrna gene sequences, being most closely related to the spe ... | 2006 | 16585679 |
| microbial composition of chlorinated ethene-degrading cultures dominated by dehalococcoides. | the community composition of microbial cultures degrading tetrachloroethene (pce), trichloroethene (tce), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cdce) and vinyl chloride (vc) to ethene was studied. a combination of pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge) and 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed that all cultures contained dehalococcoides populations, but that the populations of other organisms varied widely. based on the sequences of cloned 16s rrna genes, real-time pcr methods were develope ... | 2006 | 17117995 |
| geobacter pickeringii sp. nov., geobacter argillaceus sp. nov. and pelosinus fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from subsurface kaolin lenses. | the goal of this project was to isolate representative fe(iii)-reducing bacteria from kaolin clays that may influence iron mineralogy in kaolin. two novel dissimilatory fe(iii)-reducing bacteria, strains g12(t) and g13(t), were isolated from sedimentary kaolin strata in georgia (usa). cells of strains g12(t) and g13(t) were motile, non-spore-forming regular rods, 1-2 mum long and 0.6 mum in diameter. cells had one lateral flagellum. phylogenetic analyses using the 16s rrna gene sequence of the n ... | 2007 | 17220454 |
| growth and yields of dechlorinators, acetogens, and methanogens during reductive dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes and dihaloelimination of 1 ,2-dichloroethane. | the population dynamics of a mixed microbial culture dechlorinating trichloroethene (tce), cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cdce), 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-dca), and vinyl chloride (vc) to ethene were studied. quantitative pcr revealed that dehalococcoides, geobacter, sporomusa, spirochaetes, and methanomicrobiales phylotypes grew in short-term experiments. both geobacter and dehalococcoides populations grew during tce dechlorination to cdce, but only dehalococcoides populations grew during further dechlo ... | 2007 | 17438779 |
| psychrosinus fermentans gen. nov., sp. nov., a lactate-fermenting bacterium from near-freezing oxycline waters of a meromictic antarctic lake. | a novel, obligately anaerobic, fermentative bacterium, strain fcf9, was isolated from a 9-m water sample from permanently ice-covered, meromictic lake fryxell, antarctica. a phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequence identity clustered the antarctic isolate within the sporomusa-pectinatus-selenomonas phyletic group, where it was most closely related to pelosinus fermentans (95.5% sequence identity). however, unlike species of pelosinus, strain fcf9 was psychrophilic, with growth occur ... | 2008 | 18673392 |
| (per)chlorate reduction by an acetogenic bacterium, sporomusa sp., isolated from an underground gas storage. | a mesophilic bacterium, strain an4, was isolated from an underground gas storage reservoir with methanol as substrate and perchlorate as electron acceptor. cells were gram-negative, spore-forming, straight to curved rods, 0.5-0.8 microm in diameter, and 2-8 microm in length, growing as single cells or in pairs. the cells grew optimally at 37 degrees c, and the ph optimum was around 7. strain an4 converted various alcohols, organic acids, fructose, acetoin, and h(2)/co(2) to acetate, usually as t ... | 2010 | 20680263 |
| microbial electrosynthesis: feeding microbes electricity to convert carbon dioxide and water to multicarbon extracellular organic compounds. | the possibility of providing the acetogenic microorganism sporomusa ovata with electrons delivered directly to the cells with a graphite electrode for the reduction of carbon dioxide to organic compounds was investigated. biofilms of s. ovata growing on graphite cathode surfaces consumed electrons with the reduction of carbon dioxide to acetate and small amounts of 2-oxobutyrate. electrons appearing in these products accounted for over 85% of the electrons consumed. these results demonstrate tha ... | 2010 | 20714445 |
| electrosynthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide is catalyzed by a diversity of acetogenic microorganisms. | microbial electrosynthesis, a process in which microorganisms use electrons derived from electrodes to reduce carbon dioxide to multicarbon, extracellular organic compounds, is a potential strategy for capturing electrical energy in carbon-carbon bonds of readily stored and easily distributed products, such as transportation fuels. to date, only one organism, the acetogen sporomusa ovata, has been shown to be capable of electrosynthesis. the purpose of this study was to determine if a wider rang ... | 2011 | 21378039 |
| competing formate- and carbon dioxide-utilizing prokaryotes in an anoxic methane-emitting fen soil. | methanogenesis in wetlands is dependent on intermediary substrates derived from the degradation of biopolymers. formate is one such substrate and is stimulatory to methanogenesis and acetogenesis in anoxic microcosms of soil from the fen schlöppnerbrunnen. formate dissimilation also yields co(2) as a potential secondary substrate. the objective of this study was to resolve potential differences between anaerobic formate- and co(2)-utilizing prokaryotes of this fen by stable isotope probing. anox ... | 2011 | 21478308 |
| arsab, a novel enzyme from sporomusa ovata activates phenolic bases for adenosylcobamide biosynthesis. | in the homoacetogenic bacterium sporomusa ovata, phenol and p-cresol are converted into +¦-ribotides, which are incorporated into biologically active cobamides (cbas) whose lower ligand bases do not form axial co-ordination bonds with the cobalt ion of the corrin ring. here we report the identity of two s.ôçâovata genes that encode an enzyme that transfers the phosphoribosyl group of nicotinate mononucleotide (namn) to phenol or p-cresol, yielding +¦-o-glycosidic ribotides. the alluded genes wer ... | 2011 | 21696461 |