| microbial reductive dehalogenation. | a wide variety of compounds can be biodegraded via reductive removal of halogen substituents. this process can degrade toxic pollutants, some of which are not known to be biodegraded by any other means. reductive dehalogenation of aromatic compounds has been found primarily in undefined, syntrophic anaerobic communities. we discuss ecological and physiological principles which appear to be important in these communities and evaluate how widely applicable these principles are. anaerobic communiti ... | 1992 | 1406492 |
| introduction of a de novo bioremediation ability, aryl reductive dechlorination, into anaerobic granular sludge by inoculation of sludge with desulfomonile tiedjei. | methanogenic upflow anaerobic granular-sludge blanket (uasb) reactors treat wastewaters at a high rate while simultaneously producing a useful product, methane; however, recalcitrant environmental pollutants may not be degraded. to impart 3-chlorobenzoate (3-cb)-dechlorinating ability to uasb reactors, we inoculated granular sludge in uasb reactors with either a pure culture of desulfomonile tiedjei (a 3-cb-dechlorinating anaerobe) or a three-member consortium consisting of d. tiejei, a benzoate ... | 1992 | 1482188 |
| specific deuteration of dichlorobenzoate during reductive dehalogenation by desulfomonile tiedjei in d2o. | desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1 is a strict anaerobe capable of reductively dechlorinating meta-chlorobenzoates. to probe the mechanism of this aryl dechlorination, we incubated cell suspensions of d. tiedjei in d2o and with 2,5-dichlorobenzoate. the deuterium was incorporated into the dechlorination product exclusively at the position of dehalogenation, as shown by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and proton magnetic resonance analyses. these results favor a model for dechlorination that should ... | 1992 | 1539988 |
| reductive dehalogenation of chlorophenols by desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. | reductive dehalogenation of chlorophenols has been reported in undefined anaerobic cultures but never before in an anaerobic pure culture. we found that the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1 reductively dehalogenates pentachlorophenol (pcp) and other chlorophenols. the maximum rate of pcp dechlorination observed was 54 mu mol of cl- h-1 g of protein-1. 3-chlorobenzoate appeared to serve as a required inducer for pcp dehalogenation; however, neither pcp nor 3-chlorophenol ind ... | 1992 | 1599254 |
| relationship between hydrogen consumption, dehalogenation, and the reduction of sulfur oxyanions by desulfomonile tiedjei. | resting-cell suspensions of desulfomonile tiedjei consumed h2 with 3-chloro-, 3-bromo-, and 3-iodobenzoate as electron acceptors with rates of 0.50, 0.44, and 0.04 mumol h-1 mg-1, respectively. however, benzoate and 3-fluorobenzoate were not metabolized by this bacterium. in addition, h2 uptake was at least fourfold faster when sulfate, sulfite, or thiosulfate was available as the electron acceptor instead of a haloaromatic substrate. when sulfite and 3-chlorobenzoate were both available for thi ... | 1991 | 1892383 |
| purification and characterization of a novel 3-chlorobenzoate-reductive dehalogenase from the cytoplasmic membrane of desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. | although reductive dehalogenation by anaerobic microorganisms offers great potential for the degradation of halocarbons, little is known about the biochemical mechanisms involved. it has previously been demonstrated that the dehalogenase activity involved in 3-chlorobenzoate dehalogenation by desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1 is present in the membrane fraction of the cell extracts. we report herein the purification of a 3-chlorobenzoate-reductive dehalogenase from the cytoplasmic membrane of d. tiedj ... | 1995 | 7665493 |
| phylogenetic analysis of syntrophobacter wolinii reveals a relationship with sulfate-reducing bacteria. | a 16s rrna sequence analysis of syntrophobacter wolinii was done by using pcr amplification of the 16s rrna-genes from dna isolated from the s. wolinii-desulfovibrio sp. coculture. phylogenetic analysis using the obtained sequence revealed that s. wolinii was not related to bacteria growing syntrophically on other fatty acids than propionate, but was related to sulfate-reducing bacteria. the closest related bacteria are desulfomonile tiedjei and desulfoarculus baarsii. | 1993 | 7692834 |
| tetrachloroethene and 3-chlorobenzoate dechlorination activities are co-induced in desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. | desulfomonile tiedjei, a strict anaerobe capable of reductively dechlorinating 3-chlorobenzoate, also dechlorinates tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene. it is not known, however, if the aryl and aliphatic dechlorination activities are catalyzed by the same enzymatic system. cultures induced for 3-chlorobenzoate activity dechlorinated tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene to lower chlorinated products while uninduced parallel cultures did not dechlorinate either substrate. the observed rate of ... | 1995 | 7772942 |
| bacterial dehalogenases: biochemistry, genetics, and biotechnological applications. | this review is a survey of bacterial dehalogenases that catalyze the cleavage of halogen substituents from haloaromatics, haloalkanes, haloalcohols, and haloalkanoic acids. concerning the enzymatic cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond, seven mechanisms of dehalogenation are known, namely, reductive, oxygenolytic, hydrolytic, and thiolytic dehalogenation; intramolecular nucleophilic displacement; dehydrohalogenation; and hydration. spontaneous dehalogenation reactions may occur as a result of chem ... | 1994 | 7854251 |
| introduction of anaerobic dechlorinating bacteria into soil slurry microcosms and nested-pcr monitoring. | desulfomonile tiedjei and desulfitobacterium dehalogenans were chosen as model bacteria to demonstrate the introduction of an anaerobic microbia reductive dechlorination activity into nonsterile soil slurry microcosms by inoculation. de novo 3-chlorobenzoate dechlorination activity was established with the bacterium d. tiedjei in microcosms normally devoid of this dechlorination capacity. the addition of d. tiedjei to microcosms supplemented with 20 mm pyruvate as the cosubstrate resulted in tot ... | 1997 | 9023963 |
| influence of sulfur oxyanions on reductive dehalogenation activities in desulfomonile tiedjei. | the inhibition of aryl reductive dehalogenation reactions by sulfur oxyanions has been demonstrated in environmental samples, dehalogenating enrichments, and the sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfomonile tiedjei; however, this phenomenon is not well understood. we examined the effects of sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate on reductive dehalogenation in the model microorganism d. tiedjei and found separate mechanisms of inhibition due to these oxyanions under growth versus nongrowth conditions. deh ... | 1997 | 9293011 |
| introduction and pcr detection of desulfomonile tiedjei in soil slurry microcosms. | the aim of this work was to test the feasibility of introducing an anaerobic microbial reductive dechlorination activity into non sterile soil slurry microcosms by inoculation with the pure anaerobic bacterial strain desulfomonile tiedjei, which is capable of dechlorinating 3-chlorobenzoate to benzoate. to show that the bacterium was established in the microcosms we followed the expression of the reductive dechlorination activity and a molecular probe based on pcr amplification of the 16s rdna g ... | 1997 | 9342885 |
| purification, characterization and gene sequence analysis of a novel cytochrome c co-induced with reductive dechlorination activity in desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. | the sulfate-reducing bacterium, desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1, conserves energy for growth from reductive dechlorination of 3-chlorobenzoate via halorespiration. to understand this respiratory process better, we examined electron carriers from different cellular compartments of d. tiedjei. a 50-kda cytochrome from the membrane fraction was found to be co-induced with dechlorination activity. this inducible cytochrome was extracted from the membrane fractions by tris-hcl buffer containing ammonium ... | 1997 | 9385144 |
| evidence for a chemiosmotic model of dehalorespiration in desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. | desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1, a sulfate-reducing bacterium, conserves energy for growth from reductive dehalogenation of 3-chlorobenzoate by an uncharacterized chemiosmotic process. respiratory electron transport components were examined in d. tiedjei cells grown under conditions for reductive dehalogenation, pyruvate fermentation, and sulfate reduction. reductive dehalogenation was inhibited by the respiratory quinone inhibitor 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline n-oxide, suggesting that a respiratory q ... | 1999 | 9864310 |
| adhesion of biodegradative anaerobic bacteria to solid surfaces. | in order to exploit the ability of anaerobic bacteria to degrade certain contaminants for bioremediation of polluted subsurface environments, we need to understand the mechanisms by which such bacteria partition between aqueous and solid phases, as well as the environmental conditions that influence partitioning. we studied four strictly anaerobic bacteria, desulfomonile tiedjei, syntrophomonas wolfei, syntrophobacter wolinii, and desulfovibrio sp. strain g11, which theoretically together can co ... | 1999 | 10543826 |
| tetrachloroethene-dehalogenating bacteria. | tetrachloroethene is a frequent groundwater contaminant often persisting in the subsurface environments. it is recalcitrant under aerobic conditions because it is in a highly oxidized state and is not readily susceptible to oxidation. nevertheless, at least 15 organisms from different metabolic groups, viz. halorespirators (9), acetogens (2), methanogens (3) and facultative anaerobes (2), that are able to metabolize tetrachloroethene have been isolated as axenic cultures to-date. some of these o ... | 1999 | 10664879 |
| snr-1 gene is required for nitrate reduction in pseudomonas aeruginosa pao1. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to use nitrate for both assimilation and anaerobic respiration. one set of genes, designated snr (for "shared nitrate reduction"), have been recently cloned and partially characterized. in this study, we demonstrate that the snr-1 gene encodes a predicted 52.5-kda protein that is 82% similar to a unique cytochrome c of desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1. importantly, the snr-1 protein sequence of p. aeruginosa differed from that of the cytochrome c of d. tiedjei primarily ... | 2001 | 11222615 |
| development of primers for amplifying genes encoding cpra- and pcea-like reductive dehalogenases in anaerobic microbial consortia, dechlorinating trichlorobenzene and 1,2-dichloropropane. | gene sequence alignments of the reductive dehalogenases pcea (dehalospirillum multivorans) and cpra (desulfitobacterium dehalogenans) were used to develop specific pcr primers binding to conserved regions of these sequences. these primers enabled us to amplify and subsequently sequence cpra-like gene fragments from the chlororespiring species dehalobacter restrictus, desulfitobacterium sp. strain pce1, and d. hafniense. no specific amplicons were obtained from the chlororespiring species d. frap ... | 2001 | 11295458 |
| desulfomonile limimaris sp. nov., an anaerobic dehalogenating bacterium from marine sediments. | strains dcb-mt and dcb-f were isolated from anaerobic 3-chlorobenzoate (3cb)-mineralizing cultures enriched from marine sediments. the isolates are large, gram-negative rods with a collar girdling each cell. the isolates are obligate anaerobes capable of reductive dechlorination of 3cb to benzoate. growth by chlororespiration in strain dcb-mt yielded 1.7 g protein mol(-1) 3cb dechlorinated with lactate as the electron donor. strain dcb-mt also used fumarate, sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate and nit ... | 2001 | 11321081 |
| oligonucleotide microarray for 16s rrna gene-based detection of all recognized lineages of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in the environment. | for cultivation-independent detection of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srps) an oligonucleotide microarray consisting of 132 16s rrna gene-targeted oligonucleotide probes (18-mers) having hierarchical and parallel (identical) specificity for the detection of all known lineages of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srp-phylochip) was designed and subsequently evaluated with 41 suitable pure cultures of srps. the applicability of srp-phylochip for diversity screening of srps in environmental and clinic ... | 2002 | 12324358 |
| adhesion of anaerobic microorganisms to solid surfaces and the effect of sequential attachment on adhesion characteristics. | the attachment of three anaerobic microorganisms, desulfomonile tiedjei, syntrophomonas wolfei, and desulfovibrio sp. strain g11, was investigated to determine if the presence of one species could influence the adhesion of another species to glass surfaces. the results indicated that the numbers and distribution of attached cells of one species could be influenced considerably by the presence of another species and the order in which the test species were exposed to the surface. d. tiedjei was f ... | 2003 | 14618685 |
| regulation of anaerobic dehalorespiration by the transcriptional activator cprk. | desulfomonile, desulfitobacterium, and dehalobacter are anaerobic microbes that can derive energy from the reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated organic compounds, many of which are environmental pollutants. there is very little information about how anaerobic dehalorespiration is regulated. an open reading frame within the desulfitobacterium dehalogenans chlorophenol reductase (cpr) gene cluster (cprk) was proposed to be a transcriptional regulatory protein (smidt, h., van leest, m., van der ... | 2004 | 15381694 |
| microarray and functional gene analyses of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in low-sulfate, acidic fens reveal cooccurrence of recognized genera and novel lineages. | low-sulfate, acidic (approximately ph 4) fens in the lehstenbach catchment in the fichtelgebirge mountains in germany are unusual habitats for sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srps) that have been postulated to facilitate the retention of sulfur and protons in these ecosystems. despite the low in situ availability of sulfate (concentration in the soil solution, 20 to 200 microm) and the acidic conditions (soil and soil solution phs, approximately 4 and 5, respectively), the upper peat layers of the ... | 2004 | 15574893 |
| characterization of a 4-methylbenzoate-degrading methanogenic consortium as determined by small-subunit rdna sequence analysis. | a methanogenic consortium that degrades 4-methylbenzoate (mba) as the sole carbon and energy source was successfully enriched in an upflow anaerobic sludge bed bioreactor and studied. electron microscopic observation showed that long rods with a distinct collar feature resembling desulfomonile tiedjei rods were the predominant population, and that these rods formed a close spatial orientation with methanobrevibacter-like bacteria. in addition, thin filaments and bamboo-shaped filaments that high ... | 2001 | 16233021 |
| molecular identification of an uncultured bacterium ("morphotype r") in meromictic lake cadagno, switzerland. | comparative sequence analysis of almost complete 16s rrna genes of members of the desulfobacteriaceae retrieved from two gene clone libraries of uncultured bacteria of the chemocline of lake cadagno, switzerland, resulted in the molecular identification of nine sequences, with a tight cluster of five sequences that represented at least three different populations of bacteria with homology values of 95% and 93% to their closest cultured relatives desulfomonile tiedjei and desulfomonile limimaris, ... | 2005 | 16329943 |
| anaerobic aryl reductive dehalogenation of halobenzoates by cell extracts of "desulfomonile tiedjei". | we studied the transformation of halogenated benzoates by cell extracts of a dehalogenating anaerobe, "desulfomonile tiedjei." we found that cell extracts possessed aryl reductive dehalogenation activity. the activity was heat labile and dependent on the addition of reduced methyl viologen, but not on that of reduced nad, nadp, flavin mononucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, desulfoviridin, cytochrome c(3), or benzyl viologen. dehalogenation activity in extracts was stimulated by formate, co ... | 1990 | 16348308 |
| influence of substituents on reductive dehalogenation of 3-chlorobenzoate analogs. | the biochemical effects of aryl substituents on the reductive dechlorination of 3-chlorobenzoate analogs were quantified with (i) a stable 3-chlorobenzoate-grown methanogenic sludge enrichment, (ii) desulfomonile tiedjei dcb-1, isolated from this enrichment and able to catalyze the reductive dechlorination of 3-chlorobenzoate, and (iii) a defined 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading methanogenic consortium with d. tiedjei as the key dechlorinating organism. the addition of hydrogen stimulated the dechlori ... | 1991 | 16348447 |
| effects of polychlorinated biphenyl congener concentration and sediment supplementation on rates of methanogenesis and 2,3,6-trichlorobiphenyl dechlorination in an anaerobic enrichment. | we have employed a method of enrichment that allows us to significantly increase the rate of reductive polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) dechlorination. this method shortens the time required to investigate the effects that culture conditions have on dechlorination and provides an estimate of the potential activity of the pcb-dechlorinating anaerobes. the periodic supplementation of sterile sediment and pcb produced an enhanced, measurable, and sustained rate of dechlorination. we observed volumetr ... | 1993 | 16349045 |
| characterization of chloroethylene dehalogenation by cell extracts of desulfomonile tiedjei and its relationship to chlorobenzoate dehalogenation. | we characterized the reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloroethylene in cell extracts of desulfomonile tiedjei and compared it with this organism's 3-chlorobenzoate dehalogenation activity. tetrachloroethylene was sequentially dehalogenated to trichloro- and dichloroethylene; there was no evidence for dichloroethylene dehalogenation. like the previously characterized 3-chlorobenzoate dehalogenation activity, tetrachloroethylene dehalogenation was heat sensitive, not oxygen labile, and increased ... | 1996 | 16535377 |
| [distribution, diversity, and activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the water column in gek-gel lake, azerbaijan]. | the distribution and activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) in the water column of the alpine meromictic gek-gel lake were studied. apart from traditional microbiological methods based on cultivation and on measuring the process rates with radioactive labels, in situ fluorescent hybridization (fish) was used, which enables identification and quantification without cultivating organisms. the peak rate of sulfate reduction, 0.486 microg s/(l day), was found in the chemocline at 33 m. the peak ... | 2006 | 16579451 |
| improved pcr-dgge for high resolution diversity screening of complex sulfate-reducing prokaryotic communities in soils and sediments. | in this study we evaluated a high resolution pcr-dgge strategy for the characterization of complex sulfate-reducing microbial communities inhabiting natural environments. dsrb fragments were amplified with a two-step nested pcr protocol using combinations of primers targeting the dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase genes. the pcr-dgge conditions were initially optimized using a dsrab clone library obtained from a vegetated intertidal riparian soil along the river rhine (rozenburg, the netherland ... | 2007 | 17481757 |
| biogeography of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes in river floodplains. | in this study, a large-scale field survey was conducted to describe the biogeography of sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (srps) in river floodplains. fingerprints obtained with three methods, i.e. 16s rrna gene-based oligonucleotide microarray, dsrb-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) and polar lipid-derived fatty acid (plfa) analyses, were used as a proxy to describe the srps community diversity. each set of profiles was subjected to a combined multivariate/correlation analysis in ... | 2008 | 18466362 |
| response of the sulfate-reducing community to the re-establishment of estuarine conditions in two contrasting soils: a mesocosm approach. | we studied the response of the sulfate-reducing prokaryote (srp) communities to the experimental variation of salinity and tide in an outdoor mesocosm setup. intact soil monoliths were collected at two areas of the haringvliet lagoon (the netherlands): one sampling location consisted of agricultural grassland, drained and fertilized for at least the last century; the other of a freshwater marshland with more recent sea influence. two factors, i.e., "salinity" (freshwater/oligohaline) and "tide" ... | 2010 | 19953240 |
| structure and function of the microbial community in an in situ reactor to treat an acidic mine pit lake. | sulfate-reducing bioreactors are a promising option for the treatment of acid mine drainage. we studied the structure and function of a biofilm in a methanol-fed fixed-bed in-lake reactor for the treatment of an acidic pit lake by a combination of laboratory incubations, chemical and molecular analyses and confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine whether competition by different groups of microorganisms as well as the precipitation of minerals affect reactor performance negatively. the bi ... | 2010 | 20491918 |
| [distribution and diversity of sulfate-reducing bacteria in a crude oil gathering and transferring system]. | the distribution of sulfureted hydrogen (h2s) as well as sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb) distribution and diversity in crude oil and oilfield production water samples from a oil gathering and transferring system in changqing oilfield of china were investigated by methylene blue colorimetric method, the most probable number technique and sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene, respectively. at the oil gathering and transferring system which from oil well through oil flowstation and then to oil co ... | 2010 | 21072940 |