| methanococcus vannielii: culture and effects of selenium and tungsten on growth. | the reisolation, culture, and method of preservation of the methane-producing organism methanococcus vannielii are described. growth of the organism on formate is markedly stimulated by selenium and tungsten. | 1977 | 324989 |
| [cyst formation by methanosarcina]. | the morphology of a coccoid, methane producing bacterium growing on acetate was studied. the organism is capable of forming morphologically differentiated cells, nicrocysts, whose structure resembles that of bacterial surviving cells. the organism from peculiar macrocysts in the enrichment culture. in its other characteristics, the organism is similar to methanococcus mazei. however, it clasibied as methanosarcina, biotype 3, due to the characteristic formation of multicellular pseudococci. | 1979 | 470629 |
| occurrence of selenocysteine in the selenium-dependent formate dehydrogenase of methanococcus vannielii. | | 1979 | 475390 |
| composition and characterization of trna from methanococcus vannielii. | purified bulk trna from methanococcus vanielii (carbon source, formate) showed variation in the modified nucleoside pattern reported for escherichia coli as analyzed by both ion-exchange and thin-layer chromatography. ribothymidine and 7-methylguanosine were absent; 1-methyladenosine, 1-methylguanosine, n2-methylguanosine, n2,n2-dimethylguanosine, thiolated nucleosides, pseudouridine, dihydrouridine, and o2'-methylcytidine were quantitated. in vitro methylation by m. vannielii extracts with s-ad ... | 1978 | 618840 |
| inhibition of methanogenesis by sulphate reducing bacteria competing for transferred hydrogen. | a methanogenic bacterial consortium was obtained after inoculation of benzoate medium under n2/co2 atmosphere with intertidal sediment. a hydrogen donating organotroph and methanococcus mazei were isolated from this enrichment. h2-utilising sulphate reducing bacteria were isolated under h2/co2 in the absence of organic electron donors. the methanococcus was able to produce methane in yeast extract medium under n2/co2 if the h2 donating organism was present, and sulphate reduction occurred if the ... | 1978 | 678014 |
| diphytanyl and dibiphytanyl glycerol ether lipids of methanogenic archaebacteria. | the lipids of nine different methanogenic bacterial strains are comprised of diphytanyl glycerol diethers, previously known only in extremely halophilic bacterial, as well as dibiphytanyl diglycerol tetraethers, known formerly only in the extremely thermoacidophilic bacteria thermoplasma and sulfolobus. of the methanogens examined from four representative taxonomic groups, methanobacterium and methanospirillum contained both types of isopranyl ethers in nearly equal proportions, whereas the cocc ... | 1979 | 758677 |
| temperature limitation of methanogenesis in aquatic sediments. | microbial methanogenesis was examined in sediments collected from lake mendota, wisconsin, at water depths of 5, 10, and 18 m. the rate of sediment methanogenesis was shown to vary with respect to sediment site and depth, sampling date, in situ temperature, and number of methanogens. increased numbers of methanogenic bacteria and rates of methanogenesis correlated with increased sediment temperature during seasonal change. the greatest methanogenic activity was observed for 18-m sediments throug ... | 1976 | 821396 |
| methanococcus vannielii: ultrastructure and sensitivity to detergents and antibiotics. | methanococcus vannielii is a strictly anaerobic motile coccus that possesses a tuft of flagellae. the cells are markedly sensitive to mechanical stress and are readily lysed by detergents, but the organism grows normally in media of low ionic strength. the absence of a typical cell wall, further suggested by resistance of m. vannielii to penicillin, cycloserine, and vancomycin, was confirmed by ultrastructural studies. electron micrographs showed that the cell envelope lacks a peptidoglycan laye ... | 1977 | 863858 |
| methane fermentation of rubber (hevea brasiliensis) latex effluent. | four species of bacteria capable of ch4 fermentation of rubber latex effluent were isolated and identified as a methanococcus, a strain of m. vannielii, a methanobacterium and a strain of m. omelianskii. auxanographic tests using the four strains showed growth and ch4 formation on a basal medium containing mineral salts or added h2 and co2. varied response was obtained when the basal medium was added to formate, acetate, butyrate, methanol, ethanol, and glucose. previous work has established aci ... | 1976 | 1252994 |
| structure determination of two new amino acid-containing derivatives of adenosine from trna of thermophilic bacteria and archaea. | two new nucleosides have been identified in unfractionated transfer rna of two thermophilic bacteria, thermodesulfobacterium commune, and thermotoga maritima, six hyperthermophilic archaea, including pyrobaculum islandicum, pyrococcus furiosus and thermococcus sp. and two mesophilic archaea, methanococcus vannielii and methanolobus tindarius. structures were determined primarily by mass spectrometry, as 3-hydroxy-n-[[(9-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-9h-purin-6- yl)amino]carbonyl]norvaline, (hn6a), struct ... | 1992 | 1280806 |
| transcription in vitro and in vivo of the 7s rna gene associated with the ribosomal rna operon in the hyperthermophilic archaeon methanothermus fervidus. | the gene encoding the archaeal 7s rna in the hyperthermophile methanothermus fervidus is linked to a trna(ser) and rrna operon in the arrangement 5'-7s rna-14nt-trna(ser)-196nt-16s rrna and the promoter directing transcription of this 7s rna gene has now been identified. initiation of transcription of the 7s rna gene has been shown to occur both in vivo in m. fervidus and in vitro, using a methanococcus thermolithotrophicus derived cell-free transcription system, at the first g residue within th ... | 1992 | 1281131 |
| energy transduction in the methanogen methanococcus voltae is based on a sodium current. | we provide experimental support for the proposal that atp production in methanococcus voltae, a methanogenic member of the archaea, is based on an energetic system in which sodium ions, not protons, are the coupling ions. we show that when grown at a ph of 6.0, 7.1, or 8.2, m. voltae cells maintain a membrane potential of approximately -150 mv. the cells maintain a transmembrane ph gradient (ph(in) - ph(out)) of -0.1, -0.2, and -0.2, respectively, values not favorable to the inward movement of p ... | 1992 | 1324904 |
| free amino acid dynamics in marine methanogens. beta-amino acids as compatible solutes. | methanogenic archaebacteria respond to osmotic stress by accumulating a series of organic molecules which function as compatible solutes. in two strains of marine methanogenic archaebacteria, methanogenium cariaci and methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, four key organic solutes are observed: l-alpha-glutamate, beta-glutamate, n epsilon-acetyl-beta-lysine, and betaine. the first three of these are synthesized de novo; betaine is transported into the mg. cariaci cells from the medium. mesophilic m ... | 1992 | 1353078 |
| reductive dechlorination of 1,2-dichloroethane and chloroethane by cell suspensions of methanogenic bacteria. | concentrated cell suspensions of methanogenic bacteria reductively dechlorinated 1,2-dichloroethane via two reaction-mechanisms: a dihalo-elimination yielding ethylene and two hydrogenolysis reactions yielding chloroethane and ethane, consecutively. the transformation of chloroethane to ethane was inhibited by 1,2-dichloroethane. stimulation of methanogenesis caused an increase in the amount of dechlorination products formed, whereas the opposite was found when methane formation was inhibited. c ... | 1990 | 1368471 |
| formation of unilamellar liposomes from total polar lipid extracts of methanogens. | unilamellar liposomes were formed by controlled detergent dialysis of mixed micelles consisting of acetone-insoluble total polar lipids extracted from various methanogens and the detergent n-octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside. the final liposome populations were studied by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. unilamellar liposomes with mean diameters smaller than 100 nm were obtained with lipid extracts of methanococcus voltae, methanosarcina mazei, methanosaeta concilii, and methanococcu ... | 1992 | 1444403 |
| structures of archaebacterial membrane lipids. | structural data on archaebacterial lipids is presented with emphasis on the ether lipids of the methanogens. these ether lipids normally account for 80-95% of the membrane lipids with the remaining 5-20% of neutral squalenes and other isoprenoids. genus-specific combinations of various lipid core structures found in methanogens include diether-tetraether, dietherhydroxydiether, or diether-macrocyclic diether-tetraether lipid moieties. some species have only the standard diether core lipid, but n ... | 1992 | 1459987 |
| relatedness of the flagellins from methanogens. | purified flagellar filaments isolated from six methanogens were composed of multiple flagellins. two flagellins were present in methanococcus deltae (mr = 34,000 and 32,000), methanoculleus marisnigri (mr = 31,000 and 25,500) and methanococcus jannaschii (mr = 31,000 and 27,500), three in methanothermus fervidus (mr = 34,000, 25,000 and 24,000) and four or more in both methanococcus vannielii and methanococcus maripaludis (mr ranging from 27,500 to 32,000). the flagellins of m. fervidus and m. d ... | 1992 | 1503530 |
| [immunoelectron-microscopic determination of the localization of tryptophanyl-trna synthetase in eubacterial cells of escherichia coli and methanococcus halophilus archaebacteria]. | localization of tryptophanyl-trna-synthetase (trs) was studied in halophilic archaebacterium methanococcus halophilus and eubacterium e. coli. ultrathin sections of the cells, fixed with glutaraldehyde and embedded in "lowicryl k4m" at -35 degrees c, were treated with colloidal gold complexes containing monoclonal antibodies aml against trs. the latter bind specifically to trs isolated both from eucaryotes, archae- and eubacteria. according to the label distribution three zones in m. halophilus ... | 1992 | 1508173 |
| correlation between glycosylation of flagellin proteins and sensitivity of flagellar filaments to triton x-100 in methanogens. | the flagellins of methanospirillum hungatei strains jf1 and gp1, methanococcus deltae, and methanothermus fervidus are glycosylated. isolated flagellar filaments from these organisms are dissociated by low concentrations (0.5% (v/v)) of triton x-100. flagellar filaments from other methanogens (methanococcus voltae, methanococcus vannielii and methanoculleus marisnigri) composed of non-glycosylated flagellins are resistant to triton x-100 treatment. consequently, the isolation techniques (employi ... | 1992 | 1537540 |
| the genes for ribosomal protein l15 and the protein equivalent to secy in the archaebacterium haloarcula (halobacterium) marismortui. | the nucleotide sequences of the l15 gene and the secy gene, which form the last two genes of the s10/spc-operon region of haloarcula marismortui, have been determined. the hmal15 protein sequence translated from the dna is 164 amino acids long, revealing 10 amino acids more at the c-terminus than the published protein sequence. the deduced hmasecy protein sequence has 487 amino acids and shows significant homology to its counterparts in methanococcus vannielii and escherichia coli. the gene orde ... | 1992 | 1543743 |
| transcription in vivo and in vitro of the histone-encoding gene hmfb from the hyperthermophilic archaeon methanothermus fervidus. | immediately upstream of the hmfb gene, in a dna fragment cloned from methanothermus fervidus, are two identical tandemly repeated copies of a 73-bp sequence that contain the sequence 5'tttatata, which conforms precisely to the consensus tata box element proposed for methanogen promoters. by using this duplicated region as the template dna and a cell-free transcription system derived from methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, transcription in vitro was found to initiate at two identical sites 73 bp ... | 1992 | 1592806 |
| early evolutionary relationships among known life forms inferred from elongation factor ef-2/ef-g sequences: phylogenetic coherence and structure of the archaeal domain. | phylogenies were inferred from both the gene and the protein sequences of the translational elongation factor termed ef-2 (for archaea and eukarya) and ef-g (for bacteria). all treeing methods used (distance-matrix, maximum likelihood, and parsimony), including evolutionary parsimony, support the archaeal tree and disprove the "eocyte tree" (i.e., the polyphyly and paraphyly of the archaea). distance-matrix trees derived from both the amino acid and the dna sequence alignments (first and second ... | 1992 | 1602493 |
| methanococcus voltae harbors four gene clusters potentially encoding two [nife] and two [nifese] hydrogenases, each of the cofactor f420-reducing or f420-non-reducing types. | four gene clusters were identified in methanococcus voltae which probably all encode hydrogenases of the [nife] type. one of these contains four genes, including those for the three subunits of the known [nifese] hydrogenase capable of reducing the natural deazaflavin cofactor f420. in a second homologous cluster, the gene encoding the subunit corresponding to that which contains selenium in the known enzyme has a cysteine codon in the relevant position. in addition, two more gene clusters were ... | 1992 | 1603063 |
| cloning and sequencing of a multigene family encoding the flagellins of methanococcus voltae. | the flagellins of methanococcus voltae are encoded by a multigene family of four related genes (flaa, flab1, flab2, and flab3). all four genes map within the same region of the genome, with the last three arranged in a direct tandem. northern (rna) blot and primer extension analyses of total cellular rna indicate that all four genes are transcribed. the flab1, flab2, and flab3 flagellins are transcribed as part of a large polycistronic message which encodes at least one more protein which is not ... | 1991 | 1718944 |
| nucleotide sequence of a dna region comprising the gene for elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) from the ultrathermophilic archaeote pyrococcus woesei: phylogenetic implications. | the gene encoding elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha, 1290 bp) of the ultrathermophilic, sulfur-reducing archaeote pyrococcus woesei was localized within a bg/ii fragment of chromosomal dna. sequence analysis showed that the ef-1 alpha gene is the upstream unit of a three-gene cluster comprising the genes for ribosomal protein s10 (306 bp) and transfer rnaser (gga). the three genes follow each other immediately in the order ef-1 alpha.s10.trna(ser) after a putative promoter located 55 bp upst ... | 1991 | 1723106 |
| characterization of amino acid aminotransferases of methanococcus aeolicus. | four aminotransferases were identified and characterized from methanococcus aeolicus. branched-chain aminotransferase (bcat, ec 2.6.1.42), aspartate aminotransferase (aspat, ec 2.6.1.1), and two aromatic aminotransferases (ec 2.6.1.57) were partially purified 175-, 84-, 600-, and 30-fold, respectively. the apparent molecular weight, substrate specificity, and kinetic properties of the bcat were similar to those of other microbial bcats. the aspat had an apparent molecular weight of 162,000, whic ... | 1992 | 1729242 |
| component h of the dna-dependent rna polymerases of archaea is homologous to a subunit shared by the three eucaryal nuclear rna polymerases. | the gene encoding component h of the dna-dependent rna polymerase (rnap, ec 2.7.7.6) of sulfolobus acidocaldarius has been identified by comparison of the amino acid sequence with the derived amino acid sequence of an open reading frame (orf88) in the rnap operon. corresponding genes were identified in halobacterium halobium and were cloned and sequenced from thermococcus celer and methanococcus vannielii. all these rpoh genes are situated between the promoters of the rnap operons and the corres ... | 1992 | 1729711 |
| cell-free transcription of the nifh1 gene of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus indicates that promoters of archaeal nif genes share basic features with the methanogen consensus promoter. | the nifh1 gene of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, which encodes the putative dinitrogenase reductase of an archaeon, was accurately transcribed in a homologous cell-free transcription system. extracts of cells grown with n2 or ammonia as nitrogen source initiated transcription at the nifh1 promoter with similar efficiencies. we confirmed that cells grown under non-n2-fixing conditions do not contain significant amounts of nifh1-specific mrna. the levels of cell-free transcription initiation ... | 1992 | 1736098 |
| control regions of an archaeal gene. a tata box and an initiator element promote cell-free transcription of the trna(val) gene of methanococcus vannielii. | to identify the dna sequences required for initiation of transcription in archaea, the 5'-flanking region of the trna(val) gene of methanococcus vannielii was modified by deletions, restructuring and site-directed mutagenesis, and the trna encoding sequence was replaced by a fortuitous escherichia coli sequence. the effects of these mutations on promoter function were tested in an homologous cell-free transcription system. the dna region from position -35 to +9 relative to the transcription star ... | 1991 | 1748992 |
| genetic engineering and overexpression of ribosomal l12 protein genes from three different archaebacteria in e coli. | genes coding for ribosomal protein l12 from methanococcus vannielii (mva), halobacterium halobium (hha) and sulfolobus solfataricus (sso) have been subcloned in the polylinker region of puc19. an efficient shine-dalgarno sequence has been attached to the 5' end of the genes, and two ochre stop codons have been created at their 3' ends, where necessary. in addition, mutants of the mval12 and hhal12 genes were constructed, which coded for a cysteine residue at the c-terminus of the protein. the co ... | 1991 | 1764512 |
| comparative analysis of ribosomal protein l5 sequences from bacteria of the genus thermus. | the genes for the ribosomal 5s rrna binding protein l5 have been cloned from three extremely thermophilic eubacteria, thermus flavus, thermus thermophilus hb8 and thermus aquaticus (jahn et al, submitted). genes for protein l5 from the three thermus strains display 95% g/c in third positions of codons. amino acid sequences deduced from the dna sequence were shown to be identical for t flavus and t thermophilus, although the corresponding dna sequences differed by two t to c transitions in the t ... | 1991 | 1764514 |
| presence of a gene in the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii homologous to secy of eubacteria. | the nucleotide sequence of a gene located at the promoter-distal side of the 'spectinomycin-operon' homologue of the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii was determined. its derived amino acid sequence displayed 20% (identical positions) or 52% (including conservative exchanges) similarity, respectively, to secy from e coli. an alignment of the methanococcus secy with eubacterial secy sequences showed the existence of 10 membrane-associated primary structure domains in equivalent positions. t ... | 1991 | 1764515 |
| the binding site of ribosomal protein l10 in eubacteria and archaebacteria is conserved: reconstitution of chimeric 50s subunits. | it has been shown by electron microscopy that the selective removal of the stalk from 50s ribosomal subunits of two representative archaebacteria, namely methanococcus vaniellii and sulfolobus solfataricus, is accompanied by loss of the archaebacterial l10 and l12 proteins. the stalk was reformed if archaebacterial core particles were reconstituted with their corresponding split proteins. next, structurally intact chimeric 50s subunits have been reconstituted in vitro by addition of escherichia ... | 1991 | 1764524 |
| light sensitivity of methanogenic archaebacteria. | representatives of four families of methanogenic archaebacteria (archaea), methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum delta h, methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum marburg, methanosarcina acetivorans, methanococcus voltae, and methanomicrobium mobile, were found to be light sensitive. the facultative anaerobic eubacteria escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium, however, were tolerant of light when grown anaerobically under identical light conditions. interference filters were used to show that gro ... | 1991 | 1768142 |
| recovery of an integration shuttle vector from tandem repeats in methanococcus maripaludis. | transformation of methanococcus maripaludis by using an integration vector, pkas102, is described. selection and subsequent growth at high concentrations of puromycin caused pkas102 to develop tandem repeats within the genome. as a result, total dna isolated from the transformant could be used to recover the intact vector by direct transformation of competent escherichia coli. | 1991 | 1768149 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the vanadate-sensitive membrane-associated atpase of methanococcus voltae. | methanococcus voltae contains a membrane-associated atpase whose structural gene has been sequenced. the gene encodes 565 amino acids and includes a 12-amino-acid n-terminal sequence which is not present in the purified enzyme. on the basis of its amino acid sequence, the m. voltae enzyme is unrelated to previously characterized atpases. | 1991 | 1825827 |
| organization and nucleotide sequence of ten ribosomal protein genes from the region equivalent to the spectinomycin operon in the archaebacterium halobacterium marismortui. | the nucleotide sequence has been determined of a 4700 bp region from a ribosomal protein gene cluster of halobacterium marismortui (haloarcula marismortui), which is equivalent to part of the spectinomycin operon of escherichia coli. the genes were localized on the recombinant lambda embl3 clone pp*7, which also contains several other ribosomal protein genes from the dna region in h. marismortui equivalent to the linked s10/spc operon. the genes analysed encode ten ribosomal proteins, namely hma ... | 1991 | 1832208 |
| the structure of the gene for ribosomal protein l5 in the archaebacterium sulfolobus acidocaldarius. | the gene for the ribosomal protein l5 from the archaebacterium sulfolobus acidocaldarius has been isolated and sequenced. the gene codes for a basic protein of molecular weight 29 165 da. this protein shows substantial similarity to the equivalent protein from other archaebacteria as well as from yeast, and considerably less similarity to the equivalent eubacterial protein. these results support the concept of the archaebacteria as a monophyletic kingdom more closely related to eukaryotes than t ... | 1991 | 1840500 |
| heat shock response of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae. | the general properties of the heat shock response of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae were characterized. the induction of 11 heat shock proteins, with apparent molecular weights ranging from 18,000 to 90,000, occurred optimally at 40 to 50 degrees c. some of the heat shock proteins were preferentially enriched in either the soluble (cytoplasm) or particulate (membrane) fraction. alternative stresses (ethanol, hydrogen peroxide, nacl) stimulated the synthesis of subsets of the heat shock ... | 1991 | 1902465 |
| physical and genetic map of the methanococcus voltae chromosome. | a physical map of the methanococcus voltae chromosome was constructed on the basis of restriction mapping and cross-hybridization experiments, employing total and partial digests obtained with rarely cutting restriction enzymes. on the basis of the sum of the fragment sizes of digests with seven enzymes the chromosome length was calculated to be approximately 1900 kb. the derived map is circular. hybridization of gene probes to mapped restriction fragments has led to a genetic map of genes for s ... | 1991 | 1904129 |
| isolation of a coenzyme m-auxotrophic mutant and transformation by electroporation in methanococcus voltae. | an auxotrophic mutant of methanococcus voltae was isolated that required coenzyme m (com) for growth. with the mutant as a recipient, conditions were developed that allowed the introduction of wild-type com+ dna into the mutant methanogen via electroporation. this method also allowed the rescue of both a histidine and purine auxotroph as well as the introduction of dna determining resistance to the com analog 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid. electroporation of the com(+)-determining dna was 50- to 80 ... | 1991 | 1904435 |
| properties of the elongation factor 1 alpha in the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus. | the elongation factor 1 alpha (aef-1 alpha) was purified to homogeneity from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus by chromatographic procedures utilising deae-sepharose, hydroxyapatite and fplc on mono s. the purified protein binds [3h]gdp at a 1:1 molar ratio and it is essential for poly(phe) synthesis in vitro; it also binds gtp but not atp. these findings indicate that aef-1 alpha is the counterpart of the eubacterial elongation factor tu (ef-tu). purified aef-1 alpha ... | 1991 | 1907914 |
| phylogenetic depth of thermotoga maritima inferred from analysis of the fus gene: amino acid sequence of elongation factor g and organization of the thermotoga str operon. | the gene (fus) coding for elongation factor g (ef-g) of the extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima was identified and sequenced. the ef-g coding sequence (2046 bp) was found to lie in an operon-like structure between the ribosomal protein s7 gene (rpsg) and the elongation factor tu (ef-tu) gene (tuf). the rpsg, fus, and tuf genes follow each other immediately in that order, which corresponds to the order of the homologous genes in the str operon of escherichia coli. the derived a ... | 1991 | 1920450 |
| primary structure of rat ribosomal protein s2. a ribosomal protein with arginine-glycine tandem repeats and rggf motifs that are associated with nucleolar localization and binding to ribonucleic acids. | the amino acid sequence of the rat 40 s ribosomal subunit protein s2 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cdnas and confirmed from the amino acid sequence of a cyanogen bromide peptide obtained from the protein. ribosomal protein s2 has 293 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 31,211. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 23-28 copies of the s2 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 1,000 nucleotides in length. the highly con ... | 1991 | 1939063 |
| amino acid sequence and molecular modelling of a thermostable two (4fe-4s) ferredoxin from the archaebacterium methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. | the amino acid sequence of a two (4fe-4s) ferredoxin from the methanogenic bacterium methanococcus thermolithotrophicus (fdmt) has been determined. this thermostable protein comprises 60 amino acid residues (mr 6541) and two (4fe-4s) clusters chelated to the protein through the eight cysteines. fdmt contains a relatively high number of lysines [5], threonines [4] and valines [10]. the three-dimensional molecular model generated from the peptococcus aerogenes x-ray structure keeps the characteris ... | 1991 | 1986796 |
| characterization of enzymes of the branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic pathway in methanococcus spp. | methanococcus aeolicus, methanococcus maripaludis, and methanococcus voltae contain similar levels of four enzymes of branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis: acetohydroxy acid synthase, acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase, dihydroxy acid dehydratase, and transaminase b. following growth at low partial pressures of h2-co2, the levels of these enzymes in extracts of m. voltae are reduced three- to fivefold, which suggests that their synthesis is regulated. the enzymes from m. aeolicus were found to ... | 1991 | 2002010 |
| cloning and sequencing of the fus-gene encoding elongation factor 2 in the archaebacterium thermoplasma acidophilum. | we have cloned a 1.6-kb region of chromosomal dna from thermoplasma acidophilum into escherichia coli using as a probe part of the methanococcus vannielii fus-gene. the sequence of the clone was highly homologous to part of the corresponding methanococcus vannielii gene. by chromosome walking, a 4.7-kb ecori fragment containing the complete gene was isolated. nucleotide sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 2196 nucleotides. the deduced amino acid sequence contains the known peptide seque ... | 1991 | 2044939 |
| proportions of diether, macrocyclic diether, and tetraether lipids in methanococcus jannaschii grown at different temperatures. | growth of methanococcus jannaschii over a wide temperature range (47 to 75 degrees c) is correlated with an ability to alter dramatically the proportions of three ether lipid cores. these lipids shifted from predominantly diether (2,3-di-o-phytanyl-sn-glycerol) at the lower growth temperatures to macrocyclic diether and tetraether at near optimal growth temperatures. lipid head groups varied as well, especially with respect to an increase in phosphate at the higher temperatures. | 1991 | 2050642 |
| pattern of organotin inhibition of methanogenic bacteria. | seven organotin compounds and tin chloride were tested for their effects on the methanogenic bacteria methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, methanococcus deltae delta lh, and methanosarcina barkeri 227. the methanogens were strongly inhibited by triethyltin, tripropyltin, and monophenyltin compounds, generally at concentrations below 0.05 mm. less inhibition by tributyltin and diphenyltin was observed at levels below 0.1 mm, but complete inhibition was observed at a 1 mm concentration. tin chlorid ... | 1991 | 2059040 |
| nucleotide sequence of nifh regions from methanobacterium ivanovii and methanosarcina barkeri 227 and characterization of glnb-like genes. | this brief note reports the nucleotide sequences of the second nifh region of methanobacterium ivanovii and of the two nifh regions of methanosarcina barkeri 227. in the three cases, nifh is followed by two orf (open reading frames) similar to orf105 and orf128 respectively, which were previously found downstream of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus nifh. these two orf are followed by nifd in m. ivanovii as well as in the first nifh region of m. barkeri 227. both types of orf exhibit a strong h ... | 1991 | 2068380 |
| regulation of formate dehydrogenase activity in methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. | methanococcus thermolithotrophicus can use either h2 or formate as the electron donor for methanogenesis from co2. resuspended-cell experiments revealed that the ability to use h2 as the source of electrons for methanogenesis was constitutive; cells grown on formate or h2-co2 were equally capable of h2-co2 methanogenesis. the ability to metabolize formate at high rates was observed only in cells previously grown on formate. two such strains were distinguished: strain f and strain hf. strain f wa ... | 1990 | 2106511 |
| conserved n-terminal sequences in the flagellins of archaebacteria. | methanococcus voltae produces two flagellins of molecular weight 31,000 and 33,000. amino acid analysis as well as peptide mapping with cyanogen bromide, chymotrypsin and staphylococcus aureus v-8 protease indicates that the two flagellins are distinct. n-terminal sequencing of the 31,000 mc. voltae flagellin as well as the 24,000 and 25,000 molecular weight flagellins of methanospirillum hungatei gp1 shows an extensive homology with the reported n-terminus of the flagellins from halobacterium h ... | 1990 | 2106880 |
| structure, organization and evolution of the l1 equivalent ribosomal protein gene of the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii. | the gene for ribosomal protein mval1 from the arachaebacterium methanococcus vannielii was cloned and characterized. it is clustered together with the genes for mval10 and mval12, thus is organized in the same order as in e.coli and other archaebacteria. unexpectedly, analysis of the sequence in front of the mval1 gene revealed an orf of unknown identity, whereas in e.coli, halobacterium and sulfolobus solfataricus the gene for the l11 equivalent protein is located in this position. northern blo ... | 1990 | 2107529 |
| biosynthesis of selenium-modified trnas in methanococcus vannielii. | selenium-containing nucleosides are natural components of several trna species in methanococcus vannielii. in the present study, the incorporation of selenium from 75seo3(2-) into these macromolecules was investigated in sonic extracts of m. vannielii. nucleoside analysis of the 75se-labeled trnas from these in vitro reaction mixtures demonstrated that the selenium was present in 75se-labeled nucleosides identical to the two naturally occurring 2-selenouridines produced in vivo. incorporation of ... | 1990 | 2143584 |
| functional implications related to the gene structure of the elongation factor ef-tu from halobacterium marismortui. | the primary structure of the gene for the elongation factor ef-tu from the halophilic archaebacterium halobacterium marismortui (hef-tu) is described. it is the first gene of a halophilic elongation factor ef-tu to be sequenced. when the sequence of hef-tu is compared to that of homologous proteins from other organisms, the highest identity (61%) is found with ef-tu from methanococcus vannielii, a non-halophilic archaebacterium. in the search for halophilic characteristics therefore the most app ... | 1990 | 2155402 |
| identification of the mcrd gene product and its association with component c of methyl coenzyme m reductase in methanococcus vannielii. | a mcrd-lacz gene fusion has been constructed and expressed under lacp control in escherichia coli. antibodies raised against the product of this gene fusion have been used in western blotting (immunoblotting) to demonstrate the gene product of mcrd (gpmcrd) in methanococcus vannielii. the alpha, beta, and gamma subunit polypeptides of component c of methyl coenzyme m reductase (mr) were coprecipitated with gpmcrd when bound by antibodies raised either against mr or against gpmcrd-lacz. this asso ... | 1990 | 2180905 |
| overexpression of the methanococcal ribosomal protein l12 in escherichia coli and its incorporation into halobacterial 50 s subunits yielding active ribosomes. | the gene for the ribosomal l12 protein from the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii was cloned into the expression vector pkk223-3. the protein was overexpressed and remained stable in escherichia coli xl1 cells. purification yielded a protein with the same amino acid composition and sequence as in methanococcus but it was acetylated at the n terminus as in the case with the homologous protein of e. coli. the in vivo incorporation of the overexpressed protein into the e. coli ribosomes was n ... | 1990 | 2180948 |
| construction of an integration vector for use in the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae and expression of a eubacterial resistance gene. | an integration vector for use in methanococcus voltae was constructed, based on the escherichia coli vector puc18. it carries the structural gene for puromycin transacetylase from streptomyces alboniger, which is flanked by expression signals of m. voltae structural genes and hisa gene sequences of this bacterium. transformed m. voltae cells are puromycin resistant. several types of integration of the vector into the chromosome were found. only one case was due to nonhomologous recombination. th ... | 1990 | 2196433 |
| free amino acid turnover in methanogens measured by 15n nmr spectroscopy. | turnover of the nitrogen moiety from free amino acid pools in two thermophilic methanogens, methanobacterium thermautotrophicum delta h and methanococcus thermolithotrophicus sn1, has been monitored with 15n nmr spectroscopy. in cells growing exponentially on 15nh4cl, glutamate was the major soluble 15n-labeled species in both organisms. when the mb. thermoautotrophicum cells were harvested, washed, and resuspended into medium containing 14nh4cl, the resonance for [15n]glutamate decreased with a ... | 1990 | 2211697 |
| the primary structure of rat ribosomal protein l9. | the amino acid (aa) sequence of rat ribosomal (r) protein l9 was deduced from the nucleotide (nt) sequence in a recombinant cdna and confirmed from the n-terminal aa sequence of the protein. l9 contains 192 aa and has an mr of 21879. hybridization of the cdna to digests of nuclear dna suggests that there are 20-23 copies of the l9 gene. the mrna for the protein is about 800 nt in length. rat l9 is related to saccharomyces cerevisiae yl11, methanococcus vannielii l6, escherichia coli l6 and other ... | 1990 | 2227441 |
| cloning and sequencing of the gene coding for the elongation factor 1 alpha from the archaebacterium thermoplasma acidophilum. | the gene which encodes the elongation factor 1 alpha (ef-1 alpha) of the archaebacterium thermoplasma acidophilum (tuf-gene) has been cloned and sequenced. the gene coding for elongation factor ef-2 was found downstream from the 3' end of the tuf-gene. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of thermoplasma ef-1 alpha with ef-1 alpha sequences of other organisms showed that the highest similarity values were found between t. acidophilum and methanococcus vannielii. | 1990 | 2272495 |
| detection of the osmoregulator betaine in methanogens. | trimethyl glycine (glycine betaine) was detected by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at high intracellular concentrations in several methanogens (methanogenium cariaci, "methanogenium anulus" an9, methanohalophilus zhilinae, methanohalophilus mahii, and methanococcus voltae) grown on marine media containing yeast extract. 13c labeling studies with methanogenium cariaci suggested that the betaine which accumulated inside the cells was not synthesized de novo but was transported in from ... | 1990 | 2306094 |
| an archaebacterial cell-free transcription system. the expression of trna genes from methanococcus vannielii is mediated by a transcription factor. | our understanding of the mechanism of rna biosynthesis in archaebacteria is limited, due in part to the inability of purified rna polymerases to transcribe purified genes accurately in vitro. in the present study, we show that cell extracts of methanococcus vannielii and methanococcus thermolithotrophicus purified by gradient centrifugation synthesize a distinct transcript from templates harboring a cloned homologous trna(val) and trna(arg) gene. the in vitro transcripts initiate with gtp at the ... | 1990 | 2326183 |
| occurrence of beta-glutamate, a novel osmolyte, in marine methanogenic bacteria. | the unusual compound beta-aminoglutaric acid (beta-glutamate) has been identified by 13c nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in soluble extracts of marine methanogenic bacteria. we examined several methanogen species representing nine genera and found that beta-glutamate occurred in methanococci and two methanogenium strains (methanogenium cariaci jr1 and "methanogenium anulus" an9). the presence of this compound in the methanococci examined was further restricted to thermophilic members of ... | 1990 | 2339900 |
| electron microscopy of native and artificial methylreductase high-molecular-weight complexes in strain gö 1 and methanococcus voltae. | the preparation of inside-out vesicles from methanogenic bacteria with protein cell walls was improved with regard to the preservation of structure and localization of membrane-bound proteins. complexes similar to the methanoreductosome in the methanogenic bacterium gö 1 were also found attached to the inner aspect of the cytoplasmic membrane of methanococcus voltae. methanoreductosomes were purified from crude extracts of gö 1-cells by affinity chromatography. under specific conditions at high ... | 1990 | 2365088 |
| structures of polar lipids from the thermophilic, deep-sea archaeobacterium methanococcus jannaschii. | cells of methanococcus jannaschii, grown at 65 degrees c in a defined medium, contained 7% of lipid composed of 87% polar and 13% neutral components. within the polar fraction 16 lipids were resolved by thin-layer chromatography, 4 of which were present in trace amounts. staining reactions demonstrated that the more abundant lipids were glycolipids, aminophospholipids, and an aminophosphoglycolipid. most of the polar fraction (82%) consisted of five diether lipids, which were purified and their ... | 1990 | 2372322 |
| novel, acid-labile, hydroxydiether lipid cores in methanogenic bacteria. | polar ether lipids extracted from 15 methanogenic bacteria, representative of seven genera, were screened by nuclear magnetic resonance and thin layer chromatography for the presence of hydroxyl groups on the c20-phytanyl moieties. major amounts of hydroxydiether core lipid were confirmed for methanosaeta concilii and discovered in two methanosarcina species, methanococcus voltae, and tentatively in several methanobacterium species. signals at 1.24 and 1.8-1.9 ppm in 1h nmr spectra are character ... | 1990 | 2380184 |
| biosynthesis of methanopterin. | the biosynthetic pathway for the generation of the methylated pterin in methanopterins was determined for the methanogenic bacteria methanococcus volta and methanobacterium formicicum. extracts of m. volta were found to readily cleave l-7,8-dihydroneopterin to 7,8-dihydro-6-(hydroxymethyl)pterin, which was confirmed to be a precursor of the pterin portion of the methanopterin. [methylene-2h]-6-(hydroxymethyl)pterin was incorporated into methanopterin by growing cells of m. volta to an extent of ... | 1990 | 2383552 |
| studies of the gtpase domain of archaebacterial ribosomes. | ribosomes from the methanogens methanococcus vannielii and methanobacterium formicicum catalyse uncoupled hydrolysis of gtp in the presence of factor ef-2 from rat liver (but not factor ef-g from escherichia coli). in this assay, and in poly(u)-dependent protein synthesis, they were sensitive to thiostrepton. in contrast, ribosomes from sulfolobus solfataricus did not respond to factor ef-2 (or factor ef-g) but possessed endogenous gtpase activity, which was also sensitive to thiostrepton. ribos ... | 1985 | 2411554 |
| transcription signals for stable rna genes in methanococcus. | a previous survey of upstream sequences of trna genes from the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii has revealed that there are two boxes of sequence homology: a box "a" of about 20 conserved nucleotides at a distance of 30 to 49 basepairs upstream from the gene and a box "b" 18 to 19 nucleotides downstream from box "a" (wich, g., sibold, l., and böck, a. (1985) system. appl. microbiol. (in press). nuclease s1 mapping experiments were carried out with two of these trna transcriptional units a ... | 1986 | 2421249 |
| polyadenylated rna isolated from the archaebacterium halobacterium halobium. | polyadenylated [poly(a)+] rna has been isolated from the halophilic archaebacterium halobacterium halobium by binding, at 4 degrees c, to oligo(dt)-cellulose. h. halobium contains approximately 12 times more poly(a) per unit of rna than does the methanogenic archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii. the 3' poly(a) tracts in poly(a)+ rna molecules are approximately twice as long (average length of 20 nucleotides) in h. halobium as in m. vannielii. in both archaebacterial species, poly(a)+ rnas are ... | 1986 | 2422156 |
| an archaebacterial promoter element for stable rna genes with homology to the tata box of higher eukaryotes. | the rna polymerase of methanococcus vannielii, in binary complex with two stable rna operons, protects from exonuclease digestion the region from 32 bp upstream (-32) to 18 bp downstream (+18) of the transcription start site. contained within this binding region, centered at -25, is an at-rich sequence which is highly conserved upstream of 26 other archaebacterial trna and rrna genes. we therefore propose the sequence tttataata as a common element of promoters for stable rna genes in archaebacte ... | 1988 | 2448746 |
| phylogenetic conservation of antigenic determinants in archaebacterial elongation factors (tu proteins). | by using affinity chromatography methods, we have purified elongation factor tu (ef-tu) proteins from a host of archaebacteria covering all known divisions in the archaebacterial tree except halophiles, and from such distantly related eubacteria as thermotoga maritima and escherichia coli. polyclonal antibodies were raised against the tu proteins of sulfolobus solfataricus, thermoproteus tenax, thermococcus celer, pyrococcus wosei, archaeoglobus fulgidus, methanococcus thermolitotrophicus, therm ... | 1989 | 2470483 |
| genes encoding 5s rrna and trnas in the extremely thermophilic archaebacterium methanothermus fervidus. | methanothermus fervidus was shown to have two 5s rrna-encoding genes linked in rrna operons to 16s and 23s rrna-encoding genes. sequencing of a cloned 5s rrna gene confirmed that m. fervidus is a member of the methanobacteriales, although its 5s rrna is also similar in both primary sequence and predicted secondary structure to the 5s rrna of the non-methanogenic, but also extremely thermophilic archaebacterium, thermococcus celer. two clusters of trna genes have also been cloned and sequenced fo ... | 1989 | 2473943 |
| isolation and characterization of the 7s rna gene from methanococcus voltae. | the gene encoding the 7s rna of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae has been isolated. the gene occurs as a single copy within the genome and encodes an rna molecule approximately 300 nucleotides in length. the m. voltae rna molecule exhibits a strong similarity to both archaebacterial and eucaryotic 7s rnas in terms of overall secondary structure, while the primary sequence is conserved to a lesser degree. all 7s rna molecules possess a specific structural domain which is highly conserved ... | 1989 | 2473978 |
| organization and nucleotide sequence of a transcriptional unit of methanococcus vannielii comprising genes for protein synthesis elongation factors and ribosomal proteins. | by a chromosome walking strategy the dna region from methanococcus vannielii flanking the genes for protein synthesis elongation factor (ef) 1 alpha and ef-2 was cloned and sequenced. a gene organization of 5' - beta' - open reading frame (orf) 1 - orf2 - s12 - s7 - ef-2 - ef-1 alpha - s10 - orf3 - orf4 - 3' was found where beta', s12, s7, s10, ef-2, and ef-1 alpha represent gene products with sequences similar to the beta' subunit of rna polymerase, ribosomal proteins s12, s7, and s10, and ef-g ... | 1989 | 2475640 |
| an archaebacterial gene from methanococcus vannielii encoding a protein homologous to the ribosomal protein l10 family. | an open reading frame upstream of the methanococcus vannielii l12 gene has been detected. the beginning of this open reading frame agrees with the n-terminal region of a protein (mval10) which has been isolated from the 50 s ribosomal subunit of m. vannielii and sequenced. the length of this gene is 1008 nucleotides, coding for 336 amino acids. excellent sequence similarities were found to the l10-like ribosomal proteins from halobacterium halobium and man. the n-terminal part of the mval10 prot ... | 1989 | 2497026 |
| comparative studies of ribosomal proteins and their genes from methanococcus vannielii and other organisms. | using data from a partial protein sequence analysis of ribosomal proteins derived from the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii, oligonucleotide probes were synthesized. the probes enabled us to localize several ribosomal protein genes and to determine their nucleotide sequences. the amino acid sequences that were deduced from the genes correspond to proteins l12 and l10 from the rif operon, according to the genome organization in escherichia coli, and to proteins l23 and l2, which have compa ... | 1989 | 2497935 |
| an archaebacterial promoter sequence assigned by rna polymerase binding experiments. | to identify an archaebacterial promoter sequence, nuclease protection studies with the purified rna polymerase of methanococcus vannielii were performed. the enzyme binds specifically both at protein-encoding (hisa and methyl com reductase, component c) and trna-rrna genes. the binding region of the rna polymerase extends from 30 base pairs (bp) upstream (-30) to 20 bp downstream (+20) from the in vivo transcription start site. this finding indicates that the archaebacterial enzyme recognizes pr ... | 1989 | 2497942 |
| primary structure, functional organization and expression of nitrogenase structural genes of the thermophilic archaebacterium methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. | two regions of homology to anabaena nifh (nitrogenase fe protein) were detected in the total dna of the thermophilic nitrogen-fixing archaebacterium methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. a 2.8 kb hindiii fragment carrying one of these regions was previously cloned and shown to contain a nifh gene (souillard et al., 1988) now referred to as orfnifh2. a 3.4 kb psti fragment and an overlapping 3.8 kb bglii fragment, containing the second region of homology, were cloned, and a dna region of 4073 bp wa ... | 1989 | 2503679 |
| transport of coenzyme m (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid) and methylcoenzyme m [(2-methylthio)ethanesulfonic acid] in methanococcus voltae: identification of specific and general uptake systems. | a transport system for coenzyme m (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid [hs-com]) and methylcoenzyme m [(2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonic acid (ch3-s-com)] in methanococcus voltae required energy, showed saturation kinetics, and concentrated both forms of coenzyme m against a concentration gradient. transport required hydrogen and carbon dioxide for maximal uptake. ch3-s-com uptake was inhibited by n-ethylmaleimide and monensin. both hs-com and ch3-s-com uptake showed sodium dependence. in wild-type m. vol ... | 1989 | 2509421 |
| the h+ atpase regulatory subunit of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus: amplification of an 800 bp fragment by polymerase chain reaction. | an 800 bp fragment of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus genomic dna was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction method using primers designed from conserved regions of the v-type h+ atpase regulatory subunits from the archaebacterium sulfolobus, and several eukaryotes. although more than one product was obtained, only one of them had the expected size and was exclusively amplified in the presence of the left and right primers. the dna and the deduced protein sequences of the putative methano ... | 1989 | 2526753 |
| characterization of a p-type atpase of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae. | the vanadate-sensitive atpase of methanococcus voltae has been purified by a procedure which includes, purification of the cytoplasmic membrane by sucrose gradient centrifugation, solubilization with triton x-100, and deae-sephadex and sephacryl s-300 chromatography. while the deae-sephadex step provided a preparation consisting of two polypeptides (74 and 52 kda), the sephacryl s-300 step yields a product with a subunit of 74 kda. incubation of either membranes or purified atpase with [gamma-32 ... | 1989 | 2527232 |
| molecular evolution of h+-atpases. i. methanococcus and sulfolobus are monophyletic with respect to eukaryotes and eubacteria. | the classification of methanogenic bacteria as archaebacteria based on 16 s rrna sequence analysis is currently in dispute. to provide an alternative molecular marker, the polymerase chain reaction technique was used to amplify a 930 bp fragment of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus genomic dna corresponding to the catalytic domain of the membrane h+-atpase. the deduced amino acid sequence was 54-58% identical to the approximately 70 kda subunits of sulfolobus acidocaldarius and the eukaryotic v ... | 1989 | 2528356 |
| organization and structure of the methanococcus transcriptional unit homologous to the escherichia coli "spectinomycin operon". implications for the evolutionary relationship of 70 s and 80 s ribosomes. | by means of an immunological approach and a subsequent chromosome-walking strategy a chromosomal region encoding ribosomal proteins in the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii was cloned. the determination of the nucleotide sequence of the 7.8 x 10(3) base dna fragment revealed the existence of 14 putative ribosomal protein genes and two unidentified open reading frames. they are organized in a transcriptional unit that is very similar to the escherichia coli "spectinomycin operon" in respect ... | 1989 | 2530355 |
| isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the methanococcus thermolithotrophicus ferredoxin. | a ferredoxin has been isolated from the thermophilic methanogen methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. the native protein was a monomer exhibiting a molecular weight of 7,262, calculated from the amino acid composition. its absorption spectrum had two maxima at 390 and 283 nm, with an absorbance ratio a390/a283 of 0.79. the absorption at 390 nm (e = 29 mm-1 cm-1) and the content of iron of the protein are in agreement with the presence of two 4fe-4s clusters in m. thermolithotrophicus ferredoxin. i ... | 1989 | 2540148 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression of the glutamine synthetase structural gene, glna, of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae. | the sequence of a 2,746-bp dna fragment of methanococcus voltae carrying the glna gene for glutamine synthetase (gs), was established. a 1,338-bp open reading frame (orf), encoding a 446-amino-acid polypeptide of 50,142 da, was defined as glna on the basis of its similarity to other glna genes and on the ability of a dna fragment carrying this orf to complement an escherichia coli gln- mutant. no sequence homology was found between sequences flanking the m. volae glna gene and other eubacterial ... | 1989 | 2575777 |
| polyadenylated, noncapped rna from the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii. | polyadenylated [poly(a)+] rna molecules have been isolated from methanococcus vannielii by oligodeoxythymidylate-cellulose affinity chromatography at 4 degrees c. approximately 16% of the label in rna isolated from cultures allowed to incorporate [3h]uridine for 3 min at 37 degrees c was poly(a)+ rna. in contrast, less than 1% of the radioactivity in rna labeled over a period of several generations was contained in poly(a)+ rna molecules. electrophoretic separation of poly(a)+ rna molecules show ... | 1985 | 2581934 |
| gene organization and structure of two transcriptional units from methanococcus coding for ribosomal proteins and elongation factors. | two transcriptional units coding for ribosomal proteins and protein synthesis elongation factors in methanococcus vannielii have been cloned and analysed in detail. they correspond to the "streptomycin operon" and "spectinomycin operon" of the escherichia coli chromosome. the following general conclusions can be drawn from comparison of the nucleotide and the derived amino acid sequences of ribosomal proteins from methanococcus with those from eubacteria and eukaryotes. (i) ribosomal protein and ... | 1989 | 2655852 |
| ultrastructure and biochemistry of methanococcus voltae. | | 1989 | 2669831 |
| the sodium cycle: a novel type of bacterial energetics. | the progress of bioenergetic studies on the role of na+ in bacteria is reviewed. experiments performed over the past decade on several bacterial species of quite different taxonomic positions show that na+ can, under certain conditions, substitute for h+ as the coupling ion. various primary na+ pumps (delta mu na+ generators) are described, i.e., na+ -motive decarboxylases, nadh-quinone reductase, terminal oxidase, and atpase. the delta mu na+ formed is shown to be consumed by na+ driven atp-syn ... | 1989 | 2687258 |
| chemotaxis in the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae. | the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae, was shown to be chemotactic. acetate, isoleucine, and leucine were identified as attractants; whereas histidine was not an attractant. a motile, generally nonchemotactic mutant was isolated. | 1989 | 2708322 |
| a comparison of the methyl reductase genes and gene products. | the dna sequences encoding component c of methyl coenzyme m reductase (mcr genes) in methanothermus fervidus, methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, methanococcus vannielii, and methanosarcina barkeri have been published. comparisons of transcription initiation and termination sites and of the amino acid sequences of the mcr gene products are presented. structural features conserved within the amino acid sequences are identified and a comparison of methyl reductase with other disulfide bond synth ... | 1989 | 2720489 |
| excretion of amino acids by 1,2,4-triazole-3-alanine-resistant mutants of methanococcus voltae. | in contrast to wild-type cells, it was found that triazole-alanine-resistant mutants of methanococcus voltae excreted histidine, proline, phenylalanine, and tyrosine in various combinations. these results suggest that a form of general amino acid biosynthetic control may operate in this methanogen. we also show that wild-type m. voltae excretes methionine. | 1989 | 2757385 |
| beta-aminoglutaric acid is a major soluble component of methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. | 13c- and 15n-nmr spectroscopy have been used to identify beta-aminoglutaric acid (beta-glutamic) as a major soluble component of the thermophilic, autotrophic marine methanogen methanococcus thermolithotrophicus. this rare, non-protein amino acid has been recognized as a major dissolved free amino acid in marine sediments, but the microorganism responsible for its production has not previously been identified. the concentration of beta-aminoglutarate (beta-glutamate) is about one half that of fr ... | 1989 | 2775788 |
| an archaebacterial rna polymerase binding site and transcription initiation of the hisa gene in methanococcus vannielii. | transcription initiation of the hisa gene in vivo in the archaebacterium methanococcus vannielii, as determined by nuclease s1 and primer extension analyses, occurs 73 base pairs (bp) upstream of the translation initiation site. binding of m. vannielii rna polymerase protects 43 bp of dna, from 35 bp upstream (-35) to 8 bp downstream (+8) of the hisa mrna initiation site, from digestion by dnase i and exonuclease iii. an a + t rich region, with a sequence which conforms to the consensus sequence ... | 1988 | 2829115 |
| rna polymerase-binding and transcription initiation sites upstream of the methyl reductase operon of methanococcus vannielii. | rna polymerase, purified from methanococcus vannielii, was shown by exonuclease iii footprinting to bind to a 49-base-pair (bp) region of dna in the intergenic region upstream of mcrb. s1 nuclease protection experiments demonstrated that transcription initiation in vivo occurs within this region at 32 or 33 bp 5' to the atg translation initiation codon of mcrb and 19 or 20 bp 3' to a tata box. | 1988 | 2832392 |
| cloning and physical mapping of rna polymerase genes from methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum and comparison of homologies and gene orders with those of rna polymerase genes from other methanogenic archaebacteria. | the structural genes encoding the four largest subunits of rna polymerase, a, b', b", and c, were physically mapped in methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum winter. the genes formed a cluster in the order b", b', a, c and had a common orientation. dna hybridization experiments yielded different degrees of homology between rna polymerase gene sequences of different species of methanobacterium and methanococcus voltae. no homology was detectable between methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum and meth ... | 1988 | 2834336 |
| primary structure of the archaebacterial methanococcus vannielii ribosomal protein l12. amino acid sequence determination, oligonucleotide hybridization, and sequencing of the gene. | the primary structure of ribosomal protein l12 from methanococcus vannielii has been determined by direct amino acid sequence analysis with automated liquid phase edman degradation of the entire protein and manual 4-n,n'-dimethylaminoazobenzene-4'-isothiocyanate/phenylisothiocyanate sequencing of fragments obtained by enzymatic digestion and by partial acid hydrolysis. the knowledge of the amino acid sequences of these various fragments allowed the synthesis of two oligonucleotide probes complem ... | 1988 | 2834382 |
| nucleotide sequence of regions homologous to nifh (nitrogenase fe protein) from the nitrogen-fixing archaebacteria methanococcus thermolithotrophicus and methanobacterium ivanovii: evolutionary implications. | dna fragments bearing sequence similarity to eubacterial nif h probes were cloned from two nitrogen-fixing archaebacteria, a thermophilic methanogen, methanococcus (mc.) thermolithotrophicus, and a mesophilic methanogen, methanobacterium (mb.) ivanovii. regions carrying similarities with the probes were sequenced. they contained several open reading frames (orf), separated by a + t-rich regions. the largest orfs in both regions, an 876-bp sequence in mc. thermolithotrophicus and a 789-bp sequenc ... | 1988 | 2838639 |