| bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (balt) in the laboratory-bred and wild rat, rattus norvegicus. | in juvenile wild rats, bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (balt) development was similar to that seen in adult specified-pathogen-free rats. in adult wild rats the balt was widespread. in one animal infected with a mycoplasma-like organism, a region of bronchoepithelium overlying a large balt nodule was seen, through which lymphocytes appeared able to pass to make direct contact with the bronchial lumen: the significance of this observation is discussed. there was no evidence of infection in lu ... | 1979 | 162238 |
| structure of membrane lipids and physico-biochemical properties of the plasma membrane from thermoplasma acidophilum, adapted to growth at 37 degrees c. | thermoplasma acidophilum, a mycoplasma-like organism, grows optimally at 56 degrees c and ph2. the low temperature extreme of growth is 37 degrees c. the plasma membrane of cells grown at 37 degrees c was isolated and characterized physicobiochemically. membrane lipids which comprise 25% of the membrane dry weight consist mainly of two repetitively methyl-branched c40 side chains that were ether-linked to two glycerol molecules. the lipid structures were elucidated by combined gas chromatography ... | 1979 | 221032 |
| [treatment of swine cell line with antibiotics: effect on growth kinetics and susceptibility to foot-and-mouth disease virus and to mycoplasma-like organisms]. | cell cultures treated with tylosin tartrate and kanamycin sulphate antibiotics were studied in relation to the cell growth rate, the susceptibility to the foot-and-mouth disease virus and to the microorganism eradication. these treatments did not affect the cell growth rate and the cell behavior to the viral infection. on the other hand, the decontamination of the intracytoplasmatic formas of mycoplasma-like organism was not observed. | 1979 | 233199 |
| membrane properties of thermoplasma acidophila. | plasma membranes were isolated from thermoplasma acidophila, a mycoplasma-like organism which grows optimally at ph 2 and 59 degrees. cells in concentrated suspensions were lysed by titrating to ph 9.3. the membranes were purified by washing at ph 10 and centrifuging in a discontinuous sucrose gradient. membrane purity was assessed by electron microscopy, determination of deoxyribonucleic acid content, polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic behavior. gel patterns and amino acid composition of cells ... | 1975 | 234745 |
| intracellular ph of thermoplasma acidophila. | thermoplasma acidophila, a mycoplasma-like organism, was grown at 56 degrees c and ph 2. the intracellular ph of this organism is close to neutral as measured by the distribution of a radioactive weak organic acid, 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione, across the plasma membrane. the cell can maintain the ph gradient when subjected to heat or to metabolic inhibitors. our experiments seem to indicate that a major portion of the ph gradient is not maintained by active processes, but rather by a donna ... | 1975 | 236035 |
| banded filaments associated with the aster yellows mlo in vinca rosea l. | the ultrastructure of an aster yellows mycoplasma-like organism was studied in the phloem of periwinkle (vinca rosea l.) plants. banded filaments were observed in association with mycoplasma-like organisms of characteristic morphology. the filaments were variable in length, from 50-100 nm in width, and displayed a regular periodic banding of alternating electron-dense and electron-lucent structures. | 1978 | 570447 |
| dna sequence of the ribosomal protein genes rp12 and rps19 from a plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organism. | a segment of a ribosomal protein operon from a plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organism (mlo) was cloned and sequenced, to provide supplemental molecular data pertinent to the question of mlo phylogeny. comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences indicate an ancient divergence of the mlos from the animal-pathogenic mycoplasmas. furthermore, although both the plant and animal pathogens have a-t rich genomes, a fundamental difference was apparent in their usage of the uga codon. | 1991 | 1769558 |
| conjunctivitis associated with a mycoplasma-like organism in swine. | a midwestern producer reported high incidence of conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis in a herd of crossbred finishing swine. complete necropsy was performed on 3 pigs with bilateral mucopurulent conjunctivitis and chemosis; other gross lesions were not seen. mycoplasma sp was isolated from conjunctival swab specimens obtained from 1 pig; small numbers of streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from conjunctival swab specimens from all 3 pigs. neither swine influenza v ... | 1991 | 2010341 |
| immunolabeling of grapevine flavescence dorée mlo in salivary glands of euscelidius variegatus: a light and electron microscopy study. | flavescence dorée (fd), a grapevine yellows disease, is caused by a mycoplasma-like organism (mlo). a colloidal gold indirect immunolabeling technique identified mlo in salivary glands of a vector leafhopper, euscelidius variegatus. after aldehyde fixation, tissue samples were prepared by cryoultramicrotomy or embedding in acrylic resins. double fixation with aldehydes and osmium retroxide, followed by embedding in epon, was also performed. thin or semi-thin serial sections were treated with pol ... | 1990 | 2294149 |
| identification and characterization of plasmids from the western aster yellows mycoplasmalike organism. | supercoiled double-stranded dna molecules (plasmids) were isolated from plants infected with three laboratory strains of western aster yellows mycoplasma-like organism (ay-mlo) by using cesium chloride-ethidium bromide density gradients. southern blot analysis, using plasmids from the severe strain of ay-mlo (say-mlo) as the probe, identified at least four plasmids in celery, aster, and periwinkle plants and in macrosteles severini leafhopper vectors infected with either the dwarf ay-mlo, tulela ... | 1990 | 2307660 |
| [specific monoclonal antibodies to the mycoplasma-type pathogenic agent of grapevine flavescence dorée]. | three hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies specific for the mycoplasma-like organism (mlo), pathogenic agent of grapevine flavescence dorée, were obtained after fusion between spleen cells from a mouse immunized against flavescence dorée mlo and sp2/o-ag-14 mouse myeloma cells. these hybridomas were selected in an indirect sandwich elisa in which antibodies from two different animal species were used (rabbit and mouse). this assay is convenient for anti-mlo monoclonal antibody screening, b ... | 1989 | 2799068 |
| towards monoclonal antibodies against the apple proliferation mycoplasma-like organism. | a 6-week-old female balb/c mouse was immunized with a preparation of partially purified sieve tubes of periwinkle (catharantus roseus) plants infected with the apple proliferation mycoplasma-like organism. after fusion of the immunized spleen cells with myeloma cells, the supernatant fluids of the resulting hybridoma cultures were screened for the presence of antibodies in a differential avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using sieve tube preparations from either healthy or ... | 1987 | 3667236 |
| morphology, ultrastructure, and bacteriophage infection of the helical mycoplasma-like organism (spiroplasma citri gen. nov., sp. nov.) cultured from "stubborn" disease of citrus. | the mycoplasma-like organism spiroplasma citri gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from citrus infected with "stubborn" disease and carried in serial cultures in several media, was examined by dark-field microscopy and electron microscopy of negatively-stained and shadowed preparations and of sections. it grows as motile, helical filaments in liquid, but as nonmotile, nonhelical filaments and round bodies in agar cultures. helicity and motility are lost in old broth cultures and upon addition of a var ... | 1973 | 4123916 |
| isolation, chemical composition, and ultrastructural features of the cell membrane of the mycoplasma-like organism spiroplasma citri. | thin sections of spiroplasma citri, a mycoplasma-like organism isolated from citrus infected with "stubborn" disease, showed the organisms to be limited by a single trilaminar plasma membrane. an additional outer layer could, however, be frequently seen in freeze-etched preparations of unwashed cells. the organisms were found to be extremely sensitive to lysis by osmotic shock. the cell membrane of s. citri isolated in this way resembled that of mycoplasmas in ultrastructure and gross chemical c ... | 1973 | 4127633 |
| mycoplasma-like organism, parasite of red blood cells of an amphibian, hydromantes italicus (spelerpes fuscus). | in the present investigation we studied a parasite of red blood cells in the amphibian hydromantes italicus. the parasite, a globular microorganism having a diameter of 0.25 to 0.3 mum, was found in large numbers in vacuoles of red blood cells. as seen by electron microscopy, it possesses no cell wall and has the morphological appearance of a mycoplasma. the parasite has great motility by mechanisms not yet elucidated. it is possible to transmit the infection experimentally from infected to heal ... | 1972 | 4634459 |
| localization of a mycoplasma-like organism in tissues of a leafhopper vector carrying clover phyllody agent. | | 1970 | 4908732 |
| isolation of a mycoplasma-like organism from pneumonic calf lungs. | | 1969 | 5812830 |
| presence of free arginine associated with susceptibility to lethal yellowing of palms. | thin-layer chromatographic evaluations of the distribution patterns of 28 free amino acids and amines in the foliage of 18 species and cultivars of palmae grown in florida revealed that arginine was readily detected in susceptible palm types, but was absent or present at minimal detectable levels in resistant or immune palms. no apparent relationship could be discerned for any other amino acid as far as varietal resistance to lethal yellowing disease was concerned. additional studies to verify t ... | 1984 | 6511311 |
| spiroplasma citri-induced lethal wilting of periwinkles is prevented by prior or simultaneous infection of the periwinkle by an mlo. | s. citri can be cultured from periwinkles naturally infected in the field and showing typical mycoplasma-like organism (mlo) symptoms such as flower virescence. such plants are undoubtedly infected with both s. citri and with one mlo, the latter being responsible for the symptoms. to verify this hypothesis, the following experiments were carried out. periwinkles were infected with both s. citri and one of three different mlo by graft inoculations. the three mlo were those of phyllody virescence, ... | 1984 | 6712060 |
| isolation of mycoplasma californicum from an outbreak of bovine mastitis and the experimental reproduction of the disease. | a mycoplasma-like organism was isolated from five cows with chronic incurable mastitis from one dairy herd. this organism was shown to be mycoplasma californicum and was used to infect three cows by intramammary inoculation. the challenge organism was reisolated from all the infected quarters and the ensuing inflammatory response produced a chronic mastitis with a permanent drop in milk yield. antibiotic treatment in one animal was unsuccessful. | 1982 | 7112877 |
| thermoplasma acidophilum histone-like protein. partial amino acid sequence suggestive of homology to eukaryotic histones. | thermoplasma acidophilum is a freeliving mycoplasma-like organism that has a small basic protein tightly bound to its dna. the n-terminal sequence of this protein has been determined. it has a distanct but statistically significant homology to eukaryotic histones h2a, h3, and to escherichia coli protein hu. | 1980 | 7407184 |
| mycoplasma agassizii causes upper respiratory tract disease in the desert tortoise. | the desert tortoise is listed by the united states government as a threatened species in part of its range. a major contributing factor in the decline of this animal has been the presence of an upper respiratory tract disease (urtd) which is characterized by a chronic disease which eventually leads to severe occlusion of the nares with viscous exudate and destruction of the respiratory epithelium. electron microscopy of infected tissues demonstrated the presence of a mycoplasma-like organism att ... | 1994 | 7927724 |
| mycoplasma-like organism induced murine cardiac microvasculopathy. a transmission electron microscopic study. | mycoplasma-like organisms [mlo] are intracellular cell wall deficient bacteria that cause ocular chronic vasculitis in man and chronic vascular disease in plants. since mlo do not grow in culture, diagnosis of mlo-induced disease requires identification of the organisms by electron microscopy. ultrastructurally, mlo appear as pleomorphic tubulo-spherical and filamentous organisms. in human ocular disease mlo have been detected in parasitised leucocytes and retinal pigment epithelial cells. we ha ... | 1993 | 8351248 |
| [ultrastructures of a mycoplasma-like organism causing mulberry dwarf disease]. | the pathogen causing the dwarf disease of mulberry in tongxiang, zhejiang province was investigated based on transmission electronic microscopy of the leaf vein of diseased plants collected in the field. a mycoplasma-like organism was identified in the sieve tube, companion, and parenchyma cells of the phloem tissues infected. the organism was spheric or oval in shape, ranging from 50 nm to 160 nm in diameter, and with bilamina unit membrane of 8-10 nm in thickness, and was filled with nuclear s ... | 1998 | 12549404 |
| identification and characterization of cytopathogenic mycoplasma hyorhinis from swine farms with a history of abortions. | a virus-like cytopathic agent isolated from swine farms with a history of recurrent abortion episodes was investigated. we employed a differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (ddrt-pcr) to obtain genetic information of the cytopathic agent. partial nucleotide sequence (527 bp) obtained from differentially displayed pcr fragments showed 88.7% similarity with the 23s rrna gene of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. unexpectedly, the 5' portion (1-333 bp) of the sequence shared 96 ... | 2003 | 12736433 |
| predicted atp-binding cassette systems in the phytopathogenic mollicute spiroplasma kunkelii. | spiroplasma kunkelii is a cell wall-free, helical, and motile mycoplasma-like organism that causes corn stunt disease in maize. the bacterium has a compact genome with a gene set approaching the minimal complement necessary for cellular life and pathogenesis. a set of 21 atp-binding cassette (abc) domains was identified during the annotation of a draft s. kunkelii genome sequence. these 21 abc domains are present in 18 predicted proteins, and are components of 16 functional systems, which accoun ... | 2004 | 15024644 |
| characteristics of the drosophila paulistorum male sterility agent in a secondary host, ephestia kuehniella. | crosses among the six semispecies of drosophila paulistorum produce sterile male hybrids. this sterility is caused by an agent which has characteristics of a microorganism. it is pathogenic in a secondary host, the larvae of the mediterranean meal moth, ephestia kuehniella, and can be serially passaged in ephestia, where it is lethal. the agent was passaged back into d. paulistorum, where it induced sterility in males of a semispecies different from that of origin of the agent. infectious partic ... | 1981 | 16345886 |
| plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organism: maintenance in vitro and transmission to zea mays l. | mycoplasma-like bodies, isolated from corn plants that were infected with rio grande strain of corn stunt, were maintained in an artificial cell-free medium. the agent apparently multiplied. leafhopper vectors that were injected with the pure cultures transmitted the agent to healthy corn plants and induced the corn stunt disease. | 1970 | 17746372 |
| helical filaments produced by a mycoplasma-like organism associated with corn stunt disease. | mycoplasma-like bodies with helical filaments were seen by phase contrast microscopy in juice expressed from tissues of plants infected with corn stunt agent. each filament is bounded by a "unit membrane" and no cell wall, sheath, envelope, or second membrane has yet been discerned by electron microscopy. the association of these filaments with development of disease, their occurrence in phloem cells as seen by both freeze-etching and thin-section electron microscopy, the diagnosis of infection ... | 1972 | 17748653 |
| monoclonal antibodies against the aster yellows agent. | hybridoma clones secreting specific monoclonal antibodies against the aster yellows agent, a mycoplasma-like organism, were produced by using partially purified salivary gland preparations from infected leafhopper vectors as the immunogen. after 3947 hybridomas from 20 independent fusions were screened for specific antibody against the aster yellows agent, two table clones were obtained. with these monoclonal antibodies the aster yellows agent in diseased lettuce, periwinkles, and inoculative in ... | 1985 | 17757867 |
| plant mycoplasmas: serological relation between agents associated with citrus stubborn and corn stunt diseases. | growth-inhibition and precipitin tests established that antigens of the helical mycoplasma-like organism (spiroplasma citri) associated with citrus stubborn disease are serologically related to antigens in corn infected with stunt disease but not in healthy corn. | 1973 | 17772158 |
| cloning and detection of dna from a nonculturable plant pathogenic mycoplasma-like organism. | the ability to detect, quantify, and differentiate nonculturable mycoplasma-like organisms (mlos) would greatly facilitate epidemiological and taxonomical studies of this unique group of plant and insect pathogens. dna isolated from extracts of insects infected with the western x-disease mlo was cloned in escherichia coli. x-disease-specific clones, when labeled and used as probes, readily detected x-disease mlos in infected plants and insects but did not hybridize with dna from healthy plants o ... | 1987 | 17800459 |