| microflora of pneumonic lungs in a pig herd established by hysterectomy. | mycoplasmas and other micro-organisms are recorded from a pig herd originally derived by hysterectomy. complement fixation tests were positive for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 20 months after the first hysterectomy. following a marked increase in pneumonic lesions found at slaughter, and after modifying the culture medium m hyopneumoniae was isolated. the principal micro-organism associated with this mycoplasma was pasteurella multocida. | 1976 | 130669 |
| influence of a mycoplasma respiratory tract infection on sheep erythrocyte and complement receptor-bearing cell composition in the respiratory tract of swine. | pulmonic and peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in healthy and mycoplasma suipneumoniae-infected pigs were compared. the t- and the b-lymphocyte populations were counted, the b cells by the complement receptor (zymosan-complement rosettes) technique and the t cells by the ed-rosette technique (sheep rbc-dextran rosettes). the t cells were found to predominate among pulmonic, as well as blood, lymphocytes. pulmonic b-cell and blood t-cell percentages were increased after mycoplasma respir ... | 1979 | 316662 |
| [immunological technics for the determination of mycoplasma suipneumoniae in frozen sections and bronchial smears]. | | 1977 | 323968 |
| mycoplasma suipneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare in the growth precipitation test. | | 1977 | 327769 |
| quantitative detection of antibodies to mycoplasma suipneumoniae in pigs' sera by an ezyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a new method for quantitative detection of antibodies to mycoplasma suipneumoniae in pigs' sera has been developed by the application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the results show that the elisa is specific and highly sensitive. in experimentally infected pigs antibodies could be detected several weeks before the clinical manifestation of enzootic pneumonia. | 1977 | 333714 |
| utilisation of glucose by mycoplasma suipneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare. | | 1978 | 358810 |
| [studies on erythrocyte-rosette-forming peripheral blood cells in pigs infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae]. | | 1979 | 420696 |
| resistance of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to chlortetracycline. | | 1979 | 435212 |
| evaluation of diagnostic procedures for detection of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. | the complement-fixation test (cft), a latex-agglutination test (lat), and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolation procedures were compared with gross and microscopic lung evaluations for the routine diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia (mp) of swine. the difficulty and variability of m hyopneumoniae isolation rendered this technique unacceptable. in market-weight swine, the finding of typical gross lesions was correlated with cft results (p less than 0.005). the mp status of a herd could not be determi ... | 1979 | 447548 |
| activity of tiamulin against mycoplasma suipneumoniae and enzootic pneumonia of pigs. | | 1979 | 452356 |
| isolation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from lesions in experimentally infected pigs. | pigs aged 6 to 9 weeks from enzootic pneumonia-free herds were inoculated intranasally with a suspension of pneumonic lung containing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae or were placed in contact with such inoculated pigs. all the inoculated pigs had gross lesions of enzootic pneumonia when killed 27 to 42 days after inoculation. the culture methods described enabled m. hyopneumoniae to be isolated from all 29 inoculated pigs. of 45 pigs in contact with inoculated pigs 35 had gross lesions of enzootic pneu ... | 1979 | 533486 |
| apparent re-infection of enzootic-pneumonia-free pig herds: specificity of diagnosis. | in a control scheme for enzootic-pneumonia-free herds, 43 herds developed enzootic pneumonia, as judged by non-specific clinical and pathological criteria over 10 years. material for cultural examination was obtained from 32 of these outbreaks, and mycoplasma suipneumoniae was identified in 28 of them. the four failures occurred before 1971 at a time when the cultural techniques were clearly inferior. since 1971 m suipneumoniae has been isolated from all the 17 outbreaks sampled for this purpose ... | 1977 | 595285 |
| the immunological response of pig bronchial lymph node to mycoplasma suipneumoniae. | | 1978 | 621308 |
| sensitivity in vitro to macrolide antibiotics and tetracyclines of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolated from pneumonic porcine lungs. | | 1978 | 652044 |
| cytopathogenicity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in porcine tracheal ring and lung explant organ cultures alone and in combination with monolayer cultures of fetal lung fibroblasts. | porcine tracheal rings and lung explants alone and in combination with monolayer cultures of porcine lung fibroblasts (plf) were separately inoculated with virulent strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and incubated at various times. the preparations were observed by bright-field, phase-contrast, and scanning electron microscopy. in plf cultures, the strains at initial concentrations of 10(1.3) colony-forming units/ml increased within 3 days to 10(6) colony-forming units/ml, showed progressive cl ... | 1978 | 669807 |
| in vitro susceptibility of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma hyorhinis to fifty-one antimicrobial agents. | by a tube dilution assay technique, 51 antimicrobial agents were singly tested against 9 strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and 1 strain of m. hyorhinis for the purpose of obtaining information useful for selecting an agent for testing in vivo against porcine mycoplasmal pneumonia. based on determining minimal inhibitory concentrations and chemically grouping the agents into nine classes, all m. hyopneumoniae strains were found resistant to penicillins and peptides and susceptible to sulfonamid ... | 1978 | 697348 |
| attempts to demonstrate cell-mediated immune response during mycoplasma suipneumoniae infection of pigs. | measurements of lymphocyte transformation and skin sensitivity were used to investigate whether pigs previously inoculated with mycoplasma suipneumoniae would show a t-lymphocyte-mediated immune response. in the lymphocyte transformation test blood lymphocytes, obtained at various intervals after intranasal inoculation of m suipneumoniae cultures, were incubated with specific antigen and the degree of transformation was assessed by 14c-thymidine uptake. reaction to intradermal antigen was assess ... | 1978 | 749085 |
| a fluorescent antibody technique for identification of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonies. | fluorescent antibody staining of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonies is difficult because the colonies wash from the agar. airdrying of the colonies grown on solid medium-overlayed glass microscope slides fixed the colonies in place, so that fluorescent antibody stain could be readily accomplished. apparent loss or alteration of antigenicity did not result from the air-drying process. the technique is useful for the identification of m hyopneumoniae isolates. | 1976 | 773225 |
| scanning electron microscopy of trachea and bronchi from gnotobiotic pigs inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | areas of trachea and right apical and right dorsal diaphragmatic bronchi from gnotobiotic neonatal pigs were examined by scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy at 7, 13, and 21 days after pigs were given intranasal inoculation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. similar areas were examined by scanning electron microscopy from 2 noninoculated neonatal pigs. tracheal and bronchial lesions were observed in all inoculated pigs. severe bronchial lesions were in grossly affected lobes. early ... | 1977 | 911092 |
| an improved medium for the isolation of mycoplasma suipneumoniae. | | 1976 | 944489 |
| a new method for the demonstration of antibodies against mycoplasma suipneumoniae in pigs sera. | | 1976 | 969191 |
| some recommendations concerning primary isolation of mycoplasma suipneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare a survey. | two mycoplasma species of the porcine respiratory tract: mycoplasma suipneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare, have been notoriously difficult to cultivate. in the present paper a description is given of a new medium with which primary isolation of these organisms is usually successful. the basal medium is made from commercial dehydrated products. pig serum is added and phenol red used as ph indicator. contrary to what is customary in the preparation of mycoplasma media, various inorganic salts (h ... | 1975 | 1098011 |
| [mycoplasms of the swine--a review]. | the mycoplasmas constitute a group of microorganisms placed between bacteria and virus. the name, mycoplasma, is derived from the mycelial morphology of the organisms. the minimal reproductive unit, the elementary body, measures 0.2-0.5 mum. unlike bacteria, mycoplasmas are not confined by a rigid cell wall, but just by a thin membrane. for their cultivation, though common bacteriological technique is adequate, especially enriched media are required. antibiotics, as a rule penicillins, are added ... | 1975 | 1153279 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antibodies in porcine serum by complement-fixation test. | a total of 660 porcine serum samples from 35 herds in 6 states were tested for complement-fixing antibodies against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. samples were prepared from blood collected from swine herds suspected of having mycoplasmal pneumonia because of clinical signs or lesions or both. only 56 serums from 10 herds gave positive test results. | 1975 | 1163882 |
| isolation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and its association with pneumonia of pigs in australia. | nine strains of mycoplasmas were isolated from the lungs of 5 pigs with clinical signs of naturally acquired enzootic pneumonia. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was isolated from the lungs of 1 pig and m. hyorhinis from the lungs of 4. an unidentified mycoplasma, which utilized arginine, grew rapidly in broth culture and produced centred colonies on solid medium, was isolated from the lungs of 4 pigs. the pathogenicity of the isolated strain of m. hyopneumoniae was determined by inoculation of pigs fro ... | 1975 | 1164268 |
| the effects of mycoplasma hyorhinis and of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on pig kidney primary tissue culture. | | 1975 | 1192170 |
| chromosomal heterogeneity of various mycoplasma hyopneumoniae field strains. | restriction enzyme digestion and field inversion gel electrophoresis were used to analyze the chromosomes of strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and the related organism mycoplasma flocculare. the chromosome size for the m. hyopneumoniae type strain was calculated from individual fragments to be 1,011.3 +/- 32.9 kbp. the chromosomes of m. hyopneumoniae field strains were approximately the same size. the restriction patterns obtained for the chromosomes of phenotypically similar m. hyopneumoniae ... | 1992 | 1316139 |
| morphologic features and hydrophobicity of the cell surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | cell surface hydrophobicity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was evaluated by phase partitioning in a hydrocarbon-aqueous mixture, by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and by salting out with ammonium sulfate. results obtained by use of these techniques gave evidence that the cell surface of m hyopneumoniae is weakly hydrophobic, compared with strongly hydrophobic staphylococcus aureus cowan i and hydrophilic klebsiella pneumoniae. after treatment of the organisms with trypsin, m hyopneumoniae ... | 1992 | 1323225 |
| identification of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae with a dna probe. | from a genomic library of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae a 1.3 kb dna fragment was cloned which showed specific southern hybridization and dot hybridization with the type strain of several porcine and bovine mycoplasma species. this probe selectively recognized m. hyopneumoniae sequences in purified dna or in broth-grown organisms. the 35s-labelled probe could detect as little as 100 pg of dna or 10(5) colour changing units. this is a possible alternative diagnostic procedure for enzootic pneumonia of ... | 1991 | 1368700 |
| phylogenetic relationships of three porcine mycoplasmas, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, mycoplasma flocculare, and mycoplasma hyorhinis, and complete 16s rrna sequence of m. flocculare. | the nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna gene of mycoplasma flocculare was determined and was compared with the sequence of a related porcine mycoplasma, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. while the overall level of dna-dna homology was approximately 11%, sequence alignment of the two 16s rrna genes yielded a homology value of more than 95%, emphasizing the highly conserved nature of the 16s rrna gene. multiple sequence alignments with other mollicutes indicated that m. flocculare, m. hyopneumoniae, and m ... | 1992 | 1374621 |
| specificity of oligonucleotide probes complementary to evolutionarily variable regions of 16s rrna from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma hyorhinis. | mycoplasma is the common name for the smallest free-living microorganisms, the mollicutes. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is of great importance in veterinary medicine, causing enzootic pneumonia in pigs. m hyorhinis can cause polyserositis and may cause pneumonia in piglets. oligonucleotides complementary to variable regions of 16s rrna from these mycoplasmas were designed and used as probes for detection and identification of these mycoplasmas. the probe complementary to 16s rrna of m hyorhinis gave ... | 1992 | 1374926 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by using rrna-oligodeoxynucleotide hybridization. | a system that uses rrna-oligodeoxynucleotide hybridization was developed for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. synthetic oligonucleotide mhp1 was hybridized specifically with m. hyopneumoniae. furthermore, the detection of m. hyopneumoniae in clinical samples, such as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung lesions from experimentally infected pigs, was evaluated by this assay. the evidence obtained from the assay indicated that the system can be used to efficiently diagnose mycoplasmal p ... | 1992 | 1378059 |
| construction of the physical maps of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare and the location of rrna genes on these maps. | the genomes of mycoplasma flocculare and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, two mycoplasmas of the porcine respiratory system, were studied. based upon antigenic cross-reactivity and dna-dna hybridization, these species have given indication of a close genetic relationship. by using field-inversion gel electrophoresis and employing the restriction digest fragments obtained from the gels as the probes, physical maps of the genomes of the two species were constructed. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is similar to ... | 1992 | 1382823 |
| evaluation of a monoclonal blocking elisa and iha for antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in spf-pig herds. | a monoclonal blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and an indirect haemagglutination assay (iha) were applied to serum samples from 124 specific pathogen-free (spf) breeding and multiplying herds, which participate in the routine serological surveillance of the danish spf programme. clinical and pathological observations of the herds and microbiological culturing of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were used to calculate herd sensitivity, herd specificity and herd predictive values for the ... | 1992 | 1386483 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by using rrna-oligodeoxynucleotide hybridization. | | 1992 | 1401035 |
| protective effects of an oral microencapsulated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine against experimental infection in pigs. | oral microencapsulated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines were tested for their ability to prevent mycoplasmal pneumonia in pigs. eighteen four-week-old specific pathogen free pigs were divided into six groups of three. each pig of groups 1 to 4 was inoculated intramuscularly with formalin-inactivated m hyopneumoniae in adjuvant and boosted orally 14 days later with four different microencapsulated vaccine microspheres. group 5 was used as a positive control. all 15 pigs of groups 1 to 5 were cha ... | 1992 | 1410817 |
| histochemical and morphologic changes of porcine airway epithelial cells in response to infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes pneumonia in pigs. the effect of infection by this organism on histochemical characteristics of airway mucin within epithelial cells was studied. seven- to 10-week-old pigs were inoculated intratracheally with m hyopneumoniae or culture broth, and lung tissues were collected from inoculated and control pigs at 2, 4, and 6 weeks after inoculation. tissue sections were stained with periodic acid-schiff/alcian blue, ph 2.5 or high iron diamine/alcian blue. histologic ... | 1992 | 1416380 |
| in vitro colonization of porcine trachea by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | porcine tracheae maintained in culture were used in order to study the colonization by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. rings excised from tracheae of newborn piglets were infected with m hyopneumoniae strain bq 14 and, after different incubation times, were examined by light and electron microscopy. non-infected tracheal mucosae maintained a normal appearance for several days. infected tracheal rings showed progressive colonization with concomitant progressive damage to the mucosal surface. early on d ... | 1992 | 1416728 |
| evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antibody in porcine serum. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detecting antibody to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in porcine serum is described. the results are presented as an elisa ratio, calculated by dividing the absorbance of the test sample by the mean absorbance of control negative sera. in known infected pigs, the elisa ratio was highest when the serum concentration applied to the elisa plate was diluted 1 in 20 in pbs - tween. mean elisa ratios ranged from 1.2 +/- 0.3 for pigs without porcine enzootic pn ... | 1992 | 1445072 |
| in vitro stimulation of antibody production to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | a method to stimulate and detect the in vitro production of antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was established. pbmc were cultured in microtiter plates coated with a sonicated m. hyopneumoniae whole cell antigen and the amount of antibody bound to the coating antigen was determined by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). in addition, the amount of non-bound antibody was determined by testing the culture supernatants in the elisa w ... | 1992 | 1455630 |
| a specific dna probe for detecting mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in experimentally infected piglets. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary agent of swine enzootic pneumonia. because of fastidious growth requirements and its serological cross-reactions with other porcine mycoplasmas, we developed a specific dna probe for its detection. a partial genomic library of m. hyopneumoniae was constructed in plasmid pbr 322 using hind iii chromosomal fragments. the recombinant plasmids were screened by differential hybridization with m. flocculare and m. hyorhinis genomic dna probes. one non-hybridizin ... | 1992 | 1474981 |
| a monoclonal blocking elisa detecting serum antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a monoclonal blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for detection of antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in porcine serum has been developed. the monoclonal antibody (mab) reacts with an m. hyopneumoniae specific epitope on a molecule of approximately 74 kda. only sera from m. hyopneumoniae infected pigs were able to block the binding of the mab although antibodies from m. flocculare infected pigs also recognized a 74 kda molecule. sera from experimentally infected pigs as well as ... | 1992 | 1531562 |
| electron microscopic observation of the respiratory tract of spf piglets inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | seven hysterectomy derived piglets were repeatedly challenged with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae during the first week of life. samples of trachea, bronchi and lung tissue collected 2-11 weeks post-inoculation (p.i.) were examined using light and electron microscopy. autoradiography was used to study in more detail the site of m. hyopneumoniae multiplication. gross lesions were observed in lung tissue and were characterized by hyperplasia of the epithelium and an increased mononuclear cell accumulati ... | 1992 | 1533978 |
| immunological and pathological reactions in piglets experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and/or mycoplasma flocculare. | the aim of this work was to examine in vivo whether infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyop) and/or mycoplasma flocculare (m. floc) would interact and influence the severity of enzootic pneumonia in piglets. specific pathogen-free, hysterectomy-derived piglets were allocated to six groups and experimentally inoculated with m. hyop. and/or m. floc at the age of 2 or 8 weeks. clinical symptoms, frequency of coughing and temperature measurement were noted daily. lung lesions were recorded ... | 1992 | 1570675 |
| identification and mapping of an immunogenic region of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p65 surface lipoprotein expressed in escherichia coli from a cloned genomic fragment. | a previously characterized lipid-modified amphiphilic surface protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, p65, has been defined by its reaction with a surface-binding monoclonal antibody (mab) and by its exclusive partitioning into the detergent phase during triton x-114 phase fractionation (k. s. wise and m. f. kim, j. bacteriol. 169:5546-5555, 1987). in the current study, polyclonal mouse antibody (pab) to gel-purified p65 was used to identify recombinant phage plaques expressing p65-related epitopes ... | 1990 | 1695206 |
| bronchiolar metaplasia and ulex europaeus agglutinin i (uea-i) affinity in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-infected lungs of six pigs. | | 1991 | 1722926 |
| use of antibodies against the p36 protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for the identification of m. hyopneumoniae strains. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the principal aetiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, synthesizes a 36 kda protein (p36) which is an early and strong immunogenic factor in experimentally and naturally infected swine. polyclonal antibodies were made against the recombinant p36 protein in rabbits and used for the identification of m. hyopneumoniae by the immunoblot technique. the proteins from the m. hyopneumoniae reference strains and from 13 m. hyopneumoniae field strains isolated from natur ... | 1991 | 1723490 |
| morphological and ultrastructural studies of mycoplasma flocculare and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in vitro. | cells of mycoplasma flocculare were found to vary in size and shape, especially in the later phases of growth, whereas those of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were fairly uniform irrespective of growth phases. filamentous cells were present in cultures of m flocculare in the stationary and declining phases, but were never found in cultures of m hyopneumoniae. the filamentous and bizarre forms observed when mycoplasmas were suspended in phosphotungstic acid probably result from the action of the hypoto ... | 1991 | 1724093 |
| serological response to actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 7 infection in a commercial pig herd. | serological responses to actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 7 infection were monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a cohort of 66 pigs between weaning and market. antibody concentrations were high (63/65 seropositive) at 4 weeks of age but declined to low levels from 8 to 12 weeks. mean antibody concentrations rose significantly (p less than 0.001) between 12 and 23 weeks. between 8 and 23 weeks of age, 33 (51.5%) of 64 surviving pigs seroconverted to a pleuropneumoniae serovar ... | 1991 | 1776931 |
| intraperitoneal vaccination of pigs to control mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | in a field trial at a commercial piggery 22 pigs were vaccinated intraperitoneally, at 30 days and 60 days old, with formalin-killed mycoplasma hyopneumoniae plus adjuvant. two other groups of the same size, one receiving a ration containing antibiotics, were not vaccinated. the mean enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) ratio of the vaccinated group increased significantly (p less than 0.001) after 30 days, and continued to rise until day 156 of life. in the other two groups the elisa ratio ... | 1991 | 1780583 |
| epidemiological associations between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae antibody titers and lung lesions in prince edward island swine herds. | a survey of anteroventral (av) lung lesions, pleuritis and serology for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh) and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (ap) was conducted on a minimum of 25 slaughter hogs from each of 18 randomly sampled prince edward island farms (producing over 1,000 market hogs per year). the data were analyzed to evaluate the potential role of these two agents as risk factors for the two conditions, using crude and multivariable techniques, as well as individual and herd data. anteroventr ... | 1991 | 1790490 |
| preparation of enteric-coated microspheres of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine with cellulose acetate phthalate: (ii). effect of temperature and ph on the stability and release behaviour of microspheres. | the in vitro stability (temperature and ph) and dissolution study (ph 7.4 phosphate buffer solution and ph changed medium) of the enteric-coated microspheres containing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine (mhv) were examined. the mhv microspheres were thermally more stable than the unencapsulated mhv. more than 90% of antigenicity was retained in the mhv microspheres for 3 weeks when stored at 4 degrees c. the mhv microspheres in ph 1.2 and ph 3.0 medium were more stable than the unencapsulated mhv ... | 1991 | 1798023 |
| [immunobiological characteristics of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens and the diagnosis of infection caused by this organism]. | the paper presents the developed variants of enzyme immunoassay (eia) using two m. hyopneumoniae (r-14 strain) antigens obtained by biomass freezing and thawing and two tween-dissolved antigens by gel chromatography. to identify the cultures isolated, an indirect immunofluorescence reaction was proposed by employing agar blocks. the developed methods made it possible to identify 23 bovine-isolated cultures as m. hyopneumoniae antigens. the latter were detected by eia in diagnostically significan ... | 1991 | 1927043 |
| preparation of enteric-coated microspheres of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine with cellulose acetate phthalate: i. formation condition and micromeritic properties. | the solvent evaporation method was employed to encapsulate mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine (mhv) using cellulose acetate phthalate (cap) as an enteric coating material. glucose was used as a diluent. the effect of some factors, such as encapsulating temperature, surfactant concentration, mechanical agitation and cap concentration on the formation condition, particle size distribution, morphology, surface topography and antigen content of mhv microspheres, was investigated. the result indicates ... | 1991 | 1941438 |
| an abattoir survey of pneumonia and pleuritis in slaughter weight swine from 9 selected herds. i. prevalence and morphological description of gross lung lesions. | the prevalence and pathomorphology of gross lung lesions were studied in 855 slaughter weight pigs from 9 selected herds in south-eastern norway. pneumonic or pleuritic lesions were found in 84% of the lungs, ranging from 37% in the least affected herd to 97% in the one most affected. bronchopneumonia indicative of a primary mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection was found in 70% of the lungs, ranging from 9% to 82% in the individual herds. the amount of bronchopneumonic lesions in individual lungs ... | 1991 | 1950852 |
| an abattoir survey of pneumonia and pleuritis in slaughter weight swine from 9 selected herds. ii. enzootic pneumonia of pigs: microbiological findings and their relationship to pathomorphology. | lungs from 191 slaughter pigs with gross lesions indicative of enzootic pneumonia of pigs (epp) and 80 grossly normal lungs, all originating from 9 different herds, were subjected to microbiological and pathological examinations. the microbiological studies included both bacterial and mycoplasmal culture and also testing for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen in tissue by indirect immunofluorescent technique. m. hyopneumoniae, pasteurella multocida and mycoplasma hyorhinis were detected in 83%, 43 ... | 1991 | 1950853 |
| an abattoir survey of pneumonia and pleuritis in slaughter weight swine from 9 selected herds. iii. serological findings and their relationship to pathomorphological and microbiological findings. | blood samples from 777 pigs, originating from 9 different herds, were collected at slaughter and examined for antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus (haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae by the indirect hemagglutination assay (iha) and the complement fixation (cf) test, respectively. results were compared to pathological and microbiological findings. antibodies to m. hyopneumoniae in positive titers of 1/80 or higher were found in 62% of the samples. the relationship between positive ... | 1991 | 1950854 |
| interactions of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae membranes with porcine lymphocytes. | nonspecific mitogenicity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae membranes for blood lymphocytes (bl) and bronchial lymph node lymphocytes (lnl) from swine was investigated. additionally, the influence of respiratory tract exposure to the same membrane preparation on responsiveness of these cells was evaluated. membranes utilized in lymphocyte transformation tests and for inoculation of swine were prepared by osmotic lysis of mycoplasma cells. conventionally reared and cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived s ... | 1991 | 1952341 |
| cloning and expression of a species-specific early immunogenic 36-kilodalton protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in escherichia coli. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiologic agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, synthesizes a 36-kda protein which is an early and strong immunogenic factor in experimentally and naturally infected swine. the gene encoding this protein was cloned by screening a gene library of m. hyopneumoniae dna with rabbit hyperimmune serum made against whole m. hyopneumoniae cells and convalescent-phase swine serum. analysis of the recombinant protein expressed in escherichia coli by immunoblot techniques showe ... | 1991 | 2004806 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae dna by the polymerase chain reaction. | dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was examined to detect dna of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, an etiological agent of porcine pneumonia. a pair of synthetic primers was selected that specify the amplification of a 520-basepair dna fragment in a reiterative sequence of m. hyopneumoniae genome. the pcr product was detected by direct gel electrophoresis or by blot hybridization to a synthetic oligonucleotide probe. the specificity of pcr for m. hyopneumoniae was confirmed by lack ... | 1991 | 2072931 |
| evaluation of the elisa and comparison to the complement fixation test and radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay for detection of antibodies against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in swine serum. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was evaluated for detection of antibodies (ab) against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and m. flocculare in sera from swine experimentally infected with these agents. in addition, the elisa was compared with the complement fixation test (cft), and radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay (ridea) for the demonstration of ab against m. hyopneumoniae. twenty two 6-week-old swine from a respiratory disease-free herd were divided into five groups. two or three pigs fr ... | 1990 | 2126409 |
| effect of growth in cell cultures and strain on virulence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for swine. | in an attempt to develop better methods for consistent induction of pneumonia in naturally born swine, using cultures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, fifty 6-week-old, naturally born pigs from a respiratory disease-free herd were used in 3 trials. pigs inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 232 (passage 21) grown for 1 passage or 5 passages in eagle minimal essential medium plus 20% porcine serum, with or without human lung fibroblasts, had a mean (+/- sd) value range between 5.4 +/- 3.6 a ... | 1990 | 2180349 |
| serum antibody response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after experimental and natural infection of pigs. | studies were conducted under experimental and field conditions to determine the effect of infection with m. hyopneumoniae on the immune response in serum as measured by elisa. following intratracheal challenge or contact exposure, serologically negative pigs derived from mycoplasma-free piggeries developed an immune response within 10 days. this response continued to rise for a further 50 days. in a field study in a commercial piggery, no animals (0/44) were observed to have m. hyopneumoniae ant ... | 1990 | 2188644 |
| treatment of experimental enzootic pneumonia of the pig by norfloxacin or its 6-chloro analogue. | the 6-chloro analogue of norfloxacin (compound a) administered continuously in the feed at 400 ppm for 21 days markedly reduced the extent and activity of pneumonic lesions in pigs with pneumonia induced experimentally with an homogenate of pneumonic lung and broth cultures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. norfloxacin at 100 ppm or compound a at 200 ppm in the feed did not reduce the extent of lung lesions, although half the pigs treated with norfloxacin had lesions which appeared histologically to ... | 1990 | 2236918 |
| the growth response of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma flocculare based upon atp-dependent luminometry. | cultures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and m. flocculare in friis' broth grew faster and to higher titers in air than in 8% co2; cultures in air grew better when shaken than when stationary. under the optimal conditions, both species have generation times of about 10 h and achieve maximum titers of at least 10(9) organisms per ml. maximum growth was reached near ph 7.0, before the phenol red indicator had noticeably changed colour. changes in growth were readily detected by an atp assay based upon ... | 1990 | 2238459 |
| effects of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus (haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae infections on alveolar macrophage functions in swine. | alveolar macrophages were collected at necropsy from pigs inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae or actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae or both and were tested for phagocytic capabilities, using in vitro techniques. macrophages from noninoculated littermates were used as controls. alveolar macrophages from pigs inoculated with either m hyopneumoniae or a pleuropneumoniae had significantly (p less than 0.05 to p less than 0.0025) higher phagocytic capacity than that of noninoculated controls. macro ... | 1990 | 2301832 |
| adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to cell monolayers. | this work was an attempt to develop an in vitro adherence model for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, using monolayers of human and porcine lung fibroblasts and porcine kidney cells. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae grown in friis mycoplasma broth was radiolabeled with 35[s]-methionine, washed, concentrated, and inoculated on the monolayers. after 15 minutes of centrifugation to facilitate adherence, monolayers were washed 3 times, dissolved with 0.1n naoh, and suspended in scintillation liquid, and the radioac ... | 1990 | 2316909 |
| human ureaplasmas show diverse genome sizes by pulsed-field electrophoresis. | contour clamped homogeneous field (chef) agarose gel electrophoresis (age), ramped to give linear separation of dna molecules of 600-1600 kilobase pairs (kbp), was used to determine mobilities for full-sized genomic dna of the serotype standard strains of the human genital mollicutes, ureaplasma urealyticum relative to yeast chromosomal dna markers. indicated genome sizes (in kbp) were 760 for the four biotype 1 strains and 840-1140 for eleven biotype 2 strains. other estimates were: 720 for myc ... | 1990 | 2326188 |
| humoral and cellular immune responses of pigs inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | cellular and humoral immune responses of pigs inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were investigated at postinoculation weeks (piw) 2, 4, and 6. the response of blood lymphocytes (bl) and bronchial lymph node lymphocytes (lnl) to stimulation by m hyopneumoniae antigens was evaluated by a lymphocyte-stimulation test. specific antibodies in serum and lung washing samples were assayed by elisa. immunoglobulin-positive cells in lungs and bronchial lymph nodes were identified by indirect fluoresc ... | 1990 | 2405753 |
| surface proteins of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae identified from an escherichia coli expression plasmid library. | a genomic library of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was constructed by cloning random dna fragments approximately 300 base pairs long in a fusion expression plasmid, pex29, containing the n terminus of the phage ms2 polymerase under the control of the pl promoter of phage lambda. clones that produced fusion proteins carrying surface-specific antigenic determinants were identified by using antiserum raised in a pig by intranasal inoculation of viable mycoplasmas. rabbit antisera produced against gel-pu ... | 1985 | 2410363 |
| nucleotide sequence of the 16s rrna of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | | 1987 | 2438659 |
| gene expression signals in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma capricolum. | in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the single genes for 16s and 23s rrnas are clustered in one operon from which the 5s rrna gene is separated by more than 4 kbp. this operon, gene 2413 and gene x from m. hyopneumoniae and the 5' ends of both rrna operons from m. capricolum were cloned and used for analysis of the following gene expression signals: promoters and terminators of the dna-directed rna polymerase, ribosomal binding sites of mrna, and sites for processing of precursor rrna. the analyses wer ... | 1987 | 2444558 |
| identification of intrinsic and extrinsic membrane proteins bearing surface epitopes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a library of monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) raised against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was screened to select mcabs that bound both to surface epitopes on intact organisms and to corresponding proteins identified by immunoblot analysis. four proteins (indicated by mw in kilodaltons) were established as surface antigens: p65, p50, p44 and p41. triton x-114 detergent phase fractionation of whole organisms clearly distinguished p65, p50 and p44 as hydrophobic integral membrane proteins, whereas p41 was ... | 1987 | 2444562 |
| reiterated dna sequences defining genomic diversity within the species mycoplasma hyorhinis. | genomic restriction fragments isolated from mycoplasma hyorhinis and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were shown by dna hybridization and nucleotide sequence analyses to contain sequences common to these two species, as well as another porcine-derived mycoplasma, mycoplasma flocculare. intraspecies hybridization experiments using these fragments as probes indicated that the sequence is highly redundant in several strains of m. hyorhinis, but that there is diversity in the sizes of restriction fragments ... | 1988 | 2460718 |
| preparation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | methods of preparation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect specific antibody, and properties of the antigens, are described. the reactivity and specificity of antigen prepared by sephacryl s-300 column chromatography after treatment of m. hyopneumoniae cells with tween 20 (s-300 antigen) were superior to those of antigen prepared by sephadex g-25 column chromatography after treatment with tween 20, or to lipid antigen. there were no difference ... | 1989 | 2523756 |
| [the influence of previous infections on the development of experimental swine pleuropneumonia in specific pathogen free pigs]. | this study was designed to determine in six-week old specific pathogen free pigs, the effect of previous experimental exposure to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and transmissible gastroenteritis virus on a challenge infection with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. pigs exposed simultaneously to m. hyopneumoniae and transmissible gastroenteritis virus appeared more resistant to challenge (one week later) with a. pleuropneumoniae. four pigs out of a group of ten died following the challenge infection, co ... | 1989 | 2531628 |
| [pathologic consequences of a severe influenza outbreak (swine virus a/h1n1) under natural conditions in the non-immune sow at the beginning of pregnancy]. | pathological consequences of a severe outbreak of swine influenza (h1n1 virus) in the non immune sow at the beginning of pregnancy, under natural conditions. a sudden acute outbreak of fever, depression, anorexia and coughing in a group of nulliparous sows from a herd that was currently under epidemiological investigation lead to build a particular disposal of observation. the clinical signs were daily recorded including rectal temperature. blood was taken from the sows at the beginning of the t ... | 1989 | 2550169 |
| a mycoplasma genetic element resembling prokaryotic insertion sequences. | nucleotide sequence analysis of two mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-derived copies of a repetitive genetic element revealed structural similarities to typical prokaryotic insertion sequences. this is the first such sequence identified in the class mollicutes. the element spans approximately 1550bp, with 28bp inverted terminal repeats. two open reading frames occur within the sequence, one potentially encoding a protein with a size-variant alpha-helical domain containing heptameric leucine periodicity. ... | 1989 | 2552257 |
| cell-mediated and humoral immune response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs enhanced by dextran sulfate. | the effect of dextran sulfate (ds), known to be cytotoxic to macrophages, on the cell-mediated and humoral immune response to nonviable mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs was investigated. the cell-mediated immune response was determined by means of lymphocyte transformation a test, using uptake of [3h]thymidine in a microculture system and the humoral immune response by means of a microplate complement-fixation test. peripheral blood lymphocytes from pigs vaccinated with nonviable m hyopneumoniae ... | 1985 | 2581484 |
| [fluorescence serological and culture detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and mycoplasma hyorhinis in swine lungs]. | the present paper compares the fluorescence-serological detection of m. hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis in frozen sections with cultural procedures. in 161 lungs of swine the agent of enzootic pneumonia, m. hyopneumoniae, was found almost exclusively in frozen sections (22 times). only one strain was cultivable. m. hyorhinis was detected 59 times by culture but only 18 times in the sections. for the detection of m. hyopneumoniae therefore the fluorescence-serological investigation of lung section ... | 1989 | 2647076 |
| in vitro evaluation of various quinolone antibacterial agents against veterinary mycoplasmas and porcine respiratory bacterial pathogens. | the in vitro activities of 12 quinolones and four antibiotics were determined against 15 veterinary mycoplasmal species and four species of bacteria commonly involved in respiratory infections in pigs. the newer quinolones were markedly more active in vitro against a wide range of mycoplasmas than nalidixic acid and the earlier quinolones. against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ciprofloxacin was the most active quinolone with a geometric mean minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) against 16 strains o ... | 1989 | 2704885 |
| hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition of turkey red blood cells with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | the ability of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to agglutinate rbc was evaluated to develop an in vitro cytadsorption assay. using swine rbc in a microtitration hemagglutination test, no agglutination or partial agglutination was detected. comparison of rbc from various other species indicated that improved hemagglutination was obtained with rbc from turkeys. this hemagglutination was detected only when mycoplasma cells used in the assay had been frozen and thawed, heated at 50 c for 30 minutes, or trea ... | 1989 | 2774322 |
| a gene probe to detect mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of enzootic porcine pneumonia. | enzootic porcine pneumonia is caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. since the disease is of world-wide importance it is important to detect and identify the causative agent. in experience laboratories this mycoplasma can usually be detected by culture but its identification still is difficult and time consuming. we have cloned random eco r1 fragments of m. hyopneumoniae dna to m13mp19 and used the resultant recombinant to produce a probe capable of detecting approximately 10 pg of the mycoplasma d ... | 1989 | 2797007 |
| protection against enzootic pneumonia of pigs: intraperitoneal inoculation with live lkr strain of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | pigs obtained from a mycoplasma-free piggery were randomised into 4 groups of 9. groups 1 and 2 were injected by the intraperitoneal route with liquid culture of the lkr strain of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. group 1 was injected once and group 2 twice. group 3 was made up of pigs inoculated by the intranasal route with the virulent beaufort strain of m. hyopneumoniae; they served as the source of infection for the challenge. group 4 were uninfected, uninjected controls. six weeks after the last in ... | 1989 | 2930394 |
| serological control of spf and conventional swine herds for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. | | 1986 | 2938556 |
| a cox regression analysis of risk factors related to mycoplasma suipneumoniae reinfection in danish spf-herds. | | 1988 | 2976576 |
| identification of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in formalin-fixed porcine lung, using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. | an indirect immunoperoxidase staining technique was evaluated for detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded porcine lung. lungs from swine with induced (n = 4) or naturally occurring m hyopneumoniae infection (n = 31) were examined grossly, by light and immunofluorescent microscopy, and by an indirect immunoperoxidase test, using antibody raised in swine against m hyopneumoniae as the primary antibody. organisms stained by the indirect immunoperoxidase method wer ... | 1988 | 3056138 |
| antimycoplasmal activities of the pseudomonic acids and structure-activity relationships of monic acid a derivatives. | the antimycoplasmal activities of the pseudomonic acids isolated from pseudomonas fluorescens ncib 10586 are reported. structure-activity relationships of a variety of ester, amide and thiol ester derivatives of the nucleus, monic acid a, are described. enhanced antimycoplasmal activity is reported for a number of monic acid a esters and the most potent derivative, m-nitrobenzyl monate a, is a 100-fold more active against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae than pseudomonic acid a. | 1988 | 3133344 |
| presence of anaplerotic reactions and transamination, and the absence of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in mollicutes. | cell extracts of the fermentative mollicutes acholeplasma laidlawii b-pg9, acholeplasma morum s2, mycoplasma capricolum 14, mycoplasma gallisepticum s6, mycoplasma pneumoniae fh, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae j and m. genitalium g-37, and the non-fermentative mycoplasma hominis pg-21, mycoplasma hominis 1620 and mycoplasma bovigenitalium pg-11 were examined for 39 cytoplasmic enzyme activities associated with the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle, transamination, anaplerotic reactions and other enzyme a ... | 1988 | 3141576 |
| stimulation of immunoglobulin-containing cells and isotype-specific antibody response in experimental mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in specific-pathogen-free pigs. | the development of immunoglobulin-containing cells and antigen-specific plasma cells in retropharyngeal and bronchial lymph nodes, in lung tissue, and in nasal mucous membrane was followed during an experimental infection of pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to follow stimulation of the immunoglobulin isotypes (classes) m, g, and a directed against the infectious agent in tracheobronchial secretions and systemically. a significant increase of antig ... | 1985 | 3161830 |
| evaluation of tiamulin for treatment of mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine. | during 3 trials, using affected pigs of various ages, tiamulin was evaluated for treatment of experimentally induced mycoplasmal pneumonia. pneumonia was induced in respiratory tract disease-free swine by intratracheal inoculation of a lung homogenate containing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. eleven days after inoculation, when more than 20% of pigs were coughing, pigs were allotted to 3 or 4 groups (n = 8 pigs each) and were given regimens of no medication or 60 mg, 120 mg, or 180 mg of tiamulin/l o ... | 1988 | 3170319 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae increases the susceptibility of pigs to experimental pasteurella multocida pneumonia. | the interaction between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida in experimental pneumonia was investigated in conventional pigs. the experimental animals were 49 days old when inoculated with m. hyopneumoniae; they were inoculated with p. multocida after 23 days, and killed 13 days later. in pigs inoculated only with p. multocida, clinical signs and lung lesions were not observed, and the agent was not recovered. pigs inoculated with m. hyopneumoniae developed fever, moderate cough an ... | 1988 | 3196973 |
| immunoblotting analysis of antibody response in swine experimentally inoculated with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | serological cross-reactivity among swine mycoplasmas, and porcine antibody response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens during experimental infection were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the immunoblotting technique. mycoplasmas solubilized with tween 20 were used as antigen. cross-reactivity between m. hyopneumoniae and m. flocculare was indicated by elisa and it was demonstrated by immunoblotting, which revealed that the predominant cross-reactive antigens were c ... | 1988 | 3252616 |
| assessment of antibody response of swine infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by immunoblotting. | an immunoblot procedure was used to evaluate porcine antibody response to inoculation with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. mycoplasmas solubilized with sodium dodecyl sulfate were used as antigens. antibodies to 5 antigens, estimated to be of molecular weight (mol wt) 110,000, 64,000, 50,000, 41,000, and 36,000, were detected in sera collected during the course of induced mycoplasmal pneumonia. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens, mol wt 110,000, 50,000, 41,000, and 36,000, cross-reacted with m floccula ... | 1987 | 3296884 |
| [influenza in piglets, back again?]. | a diagnosis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in coughing piglets was verified using an elisa technique by the animal health service of the province of limburg, the netherlands. | 1988 | 3341005 |
| v-factor dependent strains of pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida. | at bacteriological examination of swine lungs with pneumoniae due to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, two strains of pyridine nucleotide (v-factor) requiring bacteria were isolated. they exhibited a pattern of biochemical reactions fitting with that of pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida. deoxyribonucleic acid (dna): dna hybridization with these isolates and pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida showed that they were v-factor requiring strains of this species. preliminary investigations on the qual ... | 1987 | 3425031 |
| the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae plasma membrane as a vaccine against porcine enzootic pneumonia. | from an economical standpoint, the colonization of the respiratory epithelium by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the mollicute responsible for enzootic pneumonia in pigs which leads to a reduction in the weight gain/feed ratio, has serious consequences in very young animals; we show here that its is possible to efficiently protect these animals with the colostral antibodies raised in sows immunized during their gestation with m. hyopneumoniae bq14 membranes. in an experiments using 9 sows and 75 pigle ... | 1987 | 3440060 |
| analysis of transcription and processing signals of the 16s-23s rrna operon of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | the 16s and 23s rrna genes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are closely spaced in one operon. the two genes are separated by a spacer region of 500 bp which shows no sequence homology to bacterial trna genes. within this operon seven 5' and five 3' ends of various rrna species were mapped and the corresponding dna was sequenced. the results are consistent with the following model for synthesis of rrnas: transcription of the operon is initiated from either of two tandemly arranged promoters leading to ... | 1986 | 3470591 |
| organization of the ribosomal rna genes in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: the 5s rrna gene is separated from the 16s and 23s rrna genes. | in order to study the organization of the ribosomal rna genes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae the rrna genes were cloned in phage vectors lambda embl3 and lambda embl4. by subcloning the restriction fragments into various plasmids and analysing the resulting clones by southern and northern blot hybridization, a restriction map of the rrna genes was generated and the organization of the rrna genes was determined. the results show that the genes for the 16s and 23s rrnas are closely spaced and occur o ... | 1986 | 3550383 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of el-870, a new semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. | a new macrolide antibiotic, el-870, 20-deoxo-20-(3,5-dimethylpiperidin-1-yl)desmycosin, has been prepared by chemical modification of desmycosin. in vitro, against selected animal bacterial pathogens, it inhibited growth of pasteurella multocida, pasteurella haemolytica, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, streptococcus suis, actinomyces pyogenes and certain other bacteria at levels of 6.25 micrograms/ml or less. in general, the mics for gram-negative enteric bacteria have ... | 1987 | 3570967 |