| in vitro susceptibilities of mycoplasma genitalium to antibiotics. | the susceptibilities of seven clinical isolates of mycoplasma genitalium and three strains of mycoplasma pneumoniae to a variety of antibiotics were examined by an agar dilution method. macrolides, pristinamycin, and tetracyclines were very active against both species. sparfloxacin was the most active quinolone tested. none of the 21 antibiotics tested had differential activity toward the two organisms. | 1992 | 1503451 |
| development and evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction to detect mycoplasma genitalium. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed to detect mycoplasma genitalium. oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify a 374 bp region of the attachment protein of the mycoplasma. dna from three strains of m. genitalium tested gave a characteristic pcr product which was not seen with dna from any other source. as little as 10(-15) g of m. genitalium dna could be detected and it was found in the vagina of progesterone-treated balb/c mice inoculated with m. genitalium organisms later than ... | 1991 | 2037229 |
| evidence that uga is read as a tryptophan codon rather than as a stop codon by mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma genitalium, and mycoplasma gallisepticum. | molecular cloning and sequencing showed that mycoplasma gallisepticum, like mycoplasma capricolum, contains both trna(uca) and trna(cca) genes, while mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium each appear to have only a trna(uca) gene. therefore, these mycoplasma species contain a trna with the anticodon uca that can translate both uga and ugg codons. | 1990 | 2104612 |
| antigenic determinants of the attachment protein of mycoplasma pneumoniae shared by other pathogenic mycoplasma species. | in previous studies with hyperimmune rabbit antisera, we found evidence of serologic cross-reactivity among mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma genitalium, and mycoplasma gallisepticum. because of certain biologic and morphologic similarities of these species, attempts were made to determine if this cross-reactivity related to the attachment protein (p1) of m. pneumoniae. monoclonal and monospecific antibodies against p1 were used to probe proteins of the other species by immunoblotting. one of th ... | 1986 | 2417956 |
| immunological cross-reactivity of a mycoplasma pneumoniae membrane-associated protein antigen with mycoplasma genitalium and acholeplasma laidlawii. | a murine monoclonal antibody, oc2f5, reacts with a mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen with an approximate mr of 43,000. this antigen is trypsin and proteinase k sensitive and partitions in the detergent phase of a triton x-114 solution. the monoclonal antibody cross-reacts with an antigen from both mycoplasma genitalium and acholeplasma laidlawii with a similar molecular weight. this cross-reactivity should be considered in the development of m. pneumoniae antigen detection systems based on the use o ... | 1987 | 2447119 |
| a physical map of the mycoplasma genitalium genome. | we report the construction of a physical map of the genome of the human pathogen mycoplasma genitalium through the use of pulse-field gel electrophoresis. the small size and relative simplicity of this genome permit the arrangement of restriction fragments without having to construct linking clones. the size of the genome has been calculated to be approximately 600 kb and several important genetic determinants have been assigned specific loci on the map. | 1990 | 2352475 |
| nucleotide sequence of the tuf gene from mycoplasma genitalium. | | 1989 | 2602130 |
| [infectivity inhibition of hiv prototype strains by antibodies directed against a peptide sequence of mycoplasma]. | antibodies prepared against a peptide corresponding to the site of cyto-adherence of mycoplasma genitalium adhesine inhibit or reduce the infectivity of the hiv-1bru and hiv-2rod strains of human immunodeficiency virus in lymphoid cells. these results strengthen the hypothesis that some mycoplasmas may play an important part in hiv replication and pathogenicity. | 1990 | 2126220 |
| cross-hybridization between the cytadhesin genes of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium and genomic dna of mycoplasma gallisepticum. | immunological cross-reactivity was observed between the cytadhesin proteins of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium and a 155 kda protein of mycoplasma gallisepticum. furthermore, the cytadhesin genes of m. pneumoniae and m. genitalium were used to demonstrate homology with m. gallisepticum genomic dna under low stringency conditions suggesting that a family of adhesin-related genes exists among these pathogenic mycoplasmas. | 1990 | 2120539 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of mycoplasma genitalium in clinical samples. | we have used the polymerase chain reaction to detect mycoplasma genitalium in artificially seeded human throat swab samples as well as in clinical material. on the basis of the published nucleotide sequence of the m. genitalium 140-kda adhesin gene, primers were chosen to produce an amplified fragment of 281 bp. five different previously isolated strains, including the type strain of m. genitalium, could all be detected by the polymerase chain reaction, and dnas from other mycoplasmal and bacter ... | 1991 | 1993766 |
| a random sequencing approach for placing markers on the physical map of mycoplasma genitalium. | a physical map of the mycoplasma genitalium genome has been prepared using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. this report details recent efforts made to add markers or specific loci to this map in the absence of any mutants or system of genetic exchange. a total of 44 random clones were partially sequenced. computer analysis was performed in an attempt to identify homologies with genes already recorded in the dna sequence database. clones with a large extent of homology to genes from other microo ... | 1991 | 1945886 |
| detection of mycoplasma genitalium in the genitourinary tract of women by the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to demonstrate the presence or absence of mycoplasma genitalium in the lower genital tract of 57 women who attended a sexually transmitted diseases clinic. the mycoplasma was detected in the cervix of 10 (17.5%) women and also in the vagina of 4 (16%) and the urethra of 6 (24%) of 25 women from whom multiple samples were obtained. chlamydia trachomatis was detected also by a pcr in 9 (16%) of the women, but only 3 were chlamydia-positive and mycoplasma- ... | 1991 | 1911958 |
| non-occurrence of mycoplasma genitalium in clinical specimens. | five hundred and thirteen clinical specimens, mainly from patients with urogenital inflammations, were examined for ureaplasma urealyticum and mycoplasmas, including cultures for mycoplasma genitalium. the study yielded 95 isolates of ureaplasma urealyticum, 37 isolates of mycoplasma hominis and two isolates of mycoplasma fermentans, but no growth of mycoplasma genitalium was obtained. it was concluded that mycoplasma genitalium is a relatively rare inhabitant of the human urogenital tract in is ... | 1988 | 3132377 |
| comparison of host responses after intranasal infection of guinea-pigs with mycoplasma genitalium or with mycoplasma pneumoniae. | guinea-pigs were infected intranasally with mycoplasma genitalium or mycoplasma pneumoniae. the lung lesions produced by the two mycoplasmas were comparable in extent and histological pattern. sera of both animal groups taken 2 weeks after infection reacted strongly in the complement fixation test with the m. pneumoniae glycolipid extract. in an elisa using the respective adherence proteins (p1-protein of m. pneumoniae and mgpa of m. genitalium), strong specific activity, but also considerable c ... | 1991 | 1895924 |
| significance of antibodies to mycoplasma genitalium in salpingitis. | indirect haemagglutination and indirect immunofluorescence tests of sera from 95 patients with acute salpingitis failed to confirm the report of other investigators regarding serological evidence implicating mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease. the pathological role of mycoplasma genitalium in salpingitis, non-gonococcal urethritis, and other diseases has not been proven. | 1987 | 3297685 |
| antibodies in the sera of mycoplasma pneumoniae-infected patients against proteins of mycoplasma genitalium and other mycoplasmas of man. | frequency and pattern of anti-mycoplasma genitalium antibodies in sera of 50 patients with mycoplasma pneumoniae-infection were examined by the western immunoblot method. the sera reacted with several proteins of m. genitalium. however, during the course of infection there was only a moderate increase of antibodies mainly against the bands of 135 and 105 kd in contrast to the more intense increase of numerous bands of m. pneumoniae. if antibodies against the 168 kd-adhesin of m. pneumoniae were ... | 1987 | 3425034 |
| detection and identification of mycoplasmas by amplification of rdna. | alignment of published 16s rrna sequences allowed the definition of a pair of oligonucleotides suitable for polymerase chain reaction (pcr). using this pair of pcr primers, several mycoplasmas including the four human parasites mycoplasma genitalium, m. hominis, m. salivarium and m. orale were detected. this dna amplification was restricted to species of the genus mycoplasma while no cross-reaction was observed with dna from other bacteria and eukaryotic cells. subsequent analysis of amplified p ... | 1991 | 1874400 |
| animal models of mycoplasma genitalium urogenital infection. | male and female animals were inoculated urogenitally with mycoplasma genitalium, recovered originally from men with nongonococcal urethritis. mice, hamsters and male rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) were resistant. male cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were not as sensitive as male chimpanzees (pan troglodytes): 9 of 11 developed an obvious genital tract infection, some shedding organisms for more than 18 weeks. m. genitalium was recovered from the blood of two of them when large numbers ... | 1987 | 3667225 |
| urogenital challenge of primate species with mycoplasma genitalium and characteristics of infection induced in chimpanzees. | eighteen male and eight female primates, representing five subhuman species, were inoculated urogenitally with mycoplasma genitalium, a microorganism recovered from men with nongonococcal urethritis. male rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) monkeys apparently were resistant. female squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and female tamarins (saguinus mystax) exhibited low-level, genital-tract infections. male chimpanzees (pan troglodytes) developed an obvious genital-tract i ... | 1986 | 3701116 |
| the mature mgpa-adhesin of mycoplasma genitalium. | a high molecular weight protein of mycoplasma genitalium (mgpa-protein) was isolated by fractionated solubilization with 1% chaps, followed by subsequent extraction with 2% octylglucoside and size exclusion chromatography. the comparison of the n-terminal sequence reported here with published nucleotide sequence data revealed the existence of a signal sequence; the molecular weight of the mature mgpa-protein was calculated to be 153, 134 dalton. the protein shares antigenic determinants with the ... | 1991 | 1863319 |
| homologies between mycoplasma adhesion peptide, cd4 and class ii mhc proteins: a possible mechanism for hiv-mycoplasma synergism in aids. | | 1991 | 1812547 |
| adhesin gene of mycoplasma genitalium exists as multiple copies. | the structural gene of the 140 kda adhesin of mycoplasma genitalium was used to probe m. genitalium genomic dna for gene copy number. since multiple banding patterns were observed, the 140 kda structural gene was subdivided into 10 contiguous fragments in size from 165 to 657 base pairs in order to determine which parts of the adhesin gene existed as multiple copies. each fragment was labeled by nick translation and used to probe the entire m. genitalium genomic dna. approximately half the gene ... | 1991 | 1795623 |
| serological cross-reactions between "mycoplasma genitalium" and m. pneumoniae. | | 1982 | 6128472 |
| a novel translation initiation region from mycoplasma genitalium that functions in escherichia coli. | the tuf gene of mycoplasma genitalium uses a signal other than a shine-dalgarno sequence to promote translation initiation. we have inserted the translation initiation region of this gene in front of the escherichia coli lacz gene and shown that it is recognized by the translational machinery of e. coli; the signal operates in vivo at roughly the same efficiency as a synthetic shine-dalgarno sequence. the m. genitalium sequence was also used to replace the native translation initiation region of ... | 1991 | 1762919 |
| serological evidence implicating mycoplasma genitalium in pelvic inflammatory disease. | 31 women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, in whom serum antibodies to chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma hominis could not be detected, were examined for antibodies to mycoplasma genitalium by a microimmunofluorescence technique. about 40% of them had a fourfold or greater change in the titre of antibody during the one-month period after the onset of disease. this evidence implicates m genitalium in the aetiology of pelvic inflammatory disease. | 1984 | 6144831 |
| dna diagnosis of central nervous system infection by mycoplasma pneumoniae. | a nested polymerase chain reaction method for the detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae was devised and applied to clinical samples. this system could detect 5 to 50 fg of the dna from m pneumoniae and did not amplify the dna from mycoplasma genitalium. with this method, the sequence of this organism was detected successfully in cerebrospinal fluid samples from four of six patients and in serum samples from three of four patients with clinically and serologically confirmed mycoplasmal central nervo ... | 1992 | 1641291 |
| detection and discrimination of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium by the in vitro dna amplification. | by using the primers designed on the bases of the sequences of the 16s rrna genes of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium, respectively, specific and sensitive in vitro dna amplification assay system for the detection and discrimination of these two mycoplasmas was established. the detection limit of the assay was 100 cells for m. pneumoniae and 1,000 cells for m. genitalium. neither other human mycoplasmas nor oral bacteria existing in human saliva showed any cross-reactions with the ... | 1992 | 1584069 |
| adherence epitopes of mycoplasma genitalium adhesin. | the adherence-mediating sites of the 153 kda adhesin of mycoplasma genitalium (mgpa-protein) were characterized at the amino acid sequence level using six monoclonal anti-mgpa antibodies which showed adherence-inhibiting activity. for characterization of the regions to which antibody bound, three segments of the adhesin (n-terminal region, a d1-domain located approximately in the middle of the molecule and a d2-domain located near to the c-terminus) were synthesized as overlapping octapeptides. ... | 1992 | 1383392 |
| microimmunofluorescence technique for detection of antibody to mycoplasma genitalium. | | 1984 | 6432856 |
| the mycoplasma genitalium adhesin protein and several human class ii mhc proteins exhibit sequence homology: possible ramifications for the development of autoimmunity. | | 1992 | 1303682 |
| evaluation of culture media for the recovery of mycoplasma hominis from the human urogenital tract. | specimens from the cervix or posterior vaginal fornix of 50 women attending a venereal disease clinic and from the urethra of 50 men with nongonococcal urethritis were cultured for mycoplasma hominis. recovery of the organism in two conventional mycoplasma culture media containing horse serum was compared with that in sp-4 broth medium (which is used for the culture of fastidious mycoplasmas). m. hominis was isolated from approximately 63% of the specimens from women by means of either of the ho ... | 1983 | 6665668 |
| male urethritis with and without discharge: a clinical and microbiological study. | the definition of male urethritis in the absence of urethral discharge has not been well established. the sensitivity of urethral swabs and first-catch urine is controversial. | 1995 | 7482108 |
| nucleotide sequence of the mgpa (mgp) operon of mycoplasma genitalium and comparison to the p1 (mpp) operon of mycoplasma pneumoniae. | the attachment of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae to ciliated epithelium involves two surface proteins designated mgpa and p1, respectively. we have previously cloned and sequenced the p1 (mpp) operon of m. pneumoniae, and report here the use of p1-derived probes to clone and sequence a 10.4-kb region of m. genitalium dna that, by analogy to the p1 operon, contains the mgpa (mgp) operon. the deduced amino acid sequences of the 29-kda (orf-1), mgpa (160-kda) and 114-kda (orf-3) pr ... | 1989 | 2583522 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium mixture in synovial fluid isolate. | a mycoplasma cultured from synovial fluid specimens from a patient with pneumonia and subsequent polyarthritis was identified initially as mycoplasma pneumoniae. in retrospective studies, the culture was shown also to contain mycoplasma genitalium. in this paper, the laboratory techniques employed in the identification and separation of the two species are presented, and evidence to implicate postinfectious autoimmunity is provided. an increasing number of reports of m. genitalium in human tissu ... | 1995 | 7545182 |
| mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae share a 67 kilodalton protein as a main cross-reactive antigen. | it was demonstrated that a 67 kilodalton (kda) protein of mycoplasma pneumoniae is a main cross-reactive antigen with similar molecular weight protein of mycoplasma genitalium by western blot analysis using monoclonal antibody to 67 kda protein of m. pneumoniae and hyperimmune rabbit sera directed against each mycoplasma strain. | 1989 | 2516229 |
| comparison of two pcr-based assays for detecting mycoplasma genitalium in clinical specimens. | | 1995 | 7588855 |
| demonstration of membrane association and surface location of mycoplasma pneumoniae antigens using monoclonal antibodies. | we examined 10 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against mycoplasma pneumoniae proteins of 200, 170, 67, 46 and 42 kda, and one mab directed against a glycolipid component. the membrane association of the antigens reacting with our mabs was investigated, in particular by phase-fractionation involving use of the detergent triton x-114. the 170 kda protein was shown to be membrane-associated, and surface exposure of this antigen was demonstrated by its disappearance from sds-page patterns afte ... | 1989 | 2516114 |
| mycoplasma genitalium: a cause of male urethritis? | male urethritis may be caused by mycoplasmas. since mycoplasma genitalium has previously been isolated from the urethra of two men with non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu), it was the aim of the study further to elucidate its role by measuring the prevalence of this organism in men with ngu. | 1993 | 7721285 |
| molecular mimicry in the pathogenesis of aids: the hiv/mhc/mycoplasma triangle. | the immune defects characterizing infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and culminating in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) are the result of a multifactorial disease process, components of which are the occurrence of autoimmune phenomena and opportunistic infection. in this discussion, the observation that both the hiv-1 gp 120 envelope and mycoplasma genitalium adhesin proteins share an area of significant similarity with the cd4-binding site of the class ii major ... | 1994 | 7739411 |
| homologous regions shared by adhesin genes of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium. | a lambda gt11 library of mycoplasma genitalium genomic dna was generated, and clones were identified using a pool of monoclonal antibodies directed against different epitopes of the 140 kda adhesin protein. because the 140 kda protein of m. genitalium and the 170 kda p1 adhesin of m. pneumoniae share biological properties such as a tip-associated location, cytadherence function and immunologic crossreactivity, we performed southern blot analysis using these cloned partial 140 kda gene fragments ... | 1989 | 2499744 |
| biological activities of monoclonal antibodies to mycoplasma pneumoniae membrane glycolipids. | a purified preparation of membranes was obtained by using a unique method of treating mycoplasma pneumoniae with the atpase inhibitor, diethylstilbestrol. this method was shown to yield highly purified membranes with little or no cytoplasmic contamination. these membranes were used to immunize mice for subsequent productions of monoclonal antibodies (mabs). hybridoma culture supernatants were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with whole-cell m. pneumoniae and lipid extract antigens. ... | 1989 | 2494111 |
| mycoplasma genitalium in non-gonococcal urethritis. | | 1995 | 7779931 |
| molecular characterization of mycoplasma genitalium species-specific and cross-reactive determinants: identification of an immunodominant protein of m. genitalium. | species-specific proteins of mycoplasma genitalium as well as proteins cross-reactive with m. pneumoniae have been identified using monoclonal antibodies generated against these mycoplasmas in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) and western blot analyses. specificity of the antibodies was examined using m. hominis, m. orale m. salivarium and acholeplasma laidlawii. a 140-kda (kilodalton) protein of m. genitalium that appeared to be immunodominant in mice was also shown by radioimmunopreci ... | 1987 | 2444561 |
| a mycoplasma genitalium protein resembling the mycoplasma pneumoniae attachment protein. | in previous studies with hyperimmune rabbit sera and monoclonal antibodies against the p1 protein of mycoplasma pneumoniae, we obtained evidence of a shared antigenic determinant with a single protein of mycoplasma genitalium. because of biologic and morphologic similarities between these two human mycoplasma species, attempts were made to characterize this cross-reacting protein of m. genitalium (designated mgpa). the protein was surface exposed and had an estimated molecular size of 140 kiloda ... | 1987 | 2437033 |
| shared epitopes between mycoplasma pneumoniae major adhesin protein p1 and a 140-kilodalton protein of mycoplasma genitalium. | previous serological data have demonstrated cross-reactive antigens between two pathogenic species of mycoplasmas, m. pneumoniae and m. genitalium. preliminary analysis of sera and monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to protein antigens of these species showed an immunodominance of adhesin p1 (165 kilodaltons [kda]) of m. pneumoniae in mice and hamsters and a 140-kda protein of m. genitalium in mice and experimentally infected chimpanzees. to further characterize these two proteins, we assayed multiple ... | 1987 | 2432017 |
| the acquisition of human lactoferrin by mycoplasma pneumoniae. | we tested the in vitro binding of human iron-sequestering lactoferrin and transferrin by the mucosal-surface pathogens, mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium. mycoplasma pneumoniae bound lactoferrin, but not transferrin, in a saturable and specific manner. analysis of binding data indicates less than 10,000 lactoferrin receptors per micro-organism with a moderately high binding affinity of 20 nm. no significant binding of lactoferrin or transferrin by m. genitalium was observed. | 1987 | 2849026 |
| prevalence of mycoplasma genitalium determined by dna probe in men with urethritis. | the prevalence of urethral infection with mycoplasma genitalium was determined by use of a dna probe in 203 men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. m genitalium was detected in 3 (14%) of 21 with acute gonococcal urethritis; 3 (10%) of 30 with acute chlamydia-positive non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu); 4 (13%) of 31 with acute chlamydia-negative ngu; 10 (27%) of 37 with persistent or recurrent ngu; and 10 (12%) of 84 with no urethritis. the organism was more prevalent in homosexual (1 ... | 1988 | 2893083 |
| dna and protein sequence homologies between the adhesins of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae. | mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae are morphologically and serologically related pathogens that colonize the human host. their successful parasitism appears to be dependent on the product, an adhesin protein, of a gene that is carried by each of these mycoplasmas. here we describe the cloning and determine the sequence of the structural gene for the putative adhesin of m. genitalium and compare its sequence to the counterpart p1 gene of m. pneumoniae. regions of homology that were c ... | 1989 | 2925238 |
| an unusual gene containing a dnaj n-terminal box flanks the putative origin of replication of mycoplasma genitalium. | origins of replication are known to be highly conserved among widely divergent microbial species, with the gene order in those regions being dnaa-dnan-recf-gyrb. on the basis of sequence identities to entries in genbank, the gene order of a 6-kb fragment of mycoplasma genitalium dna was determined to be dnan-orf311-gyrb-gyra-sers, which is structurally similar to the ancestral origin of replication. we have directly linked the dnan gene to the m. genitalium dnaa gene by pcr amplification. howeve ... | 1994 | 8083173 |
| genome size of mycoplasma genitalium. | the genome size of mycoplasma genitalium was determined by using restriction enzymes that infrequently cut its dna. the calculated value of 577 to 590 kilobases is one-fourth smaller than the genome of mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is considered among the smallest genomes of self-replicating organisms. | 1990 | 2115876 |
| dna probes for detection and identification of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium. | dna probes specific for mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium were selected from genomic libraries prepared in puc13. the 32p-labeled probes could detect, by dot blot hybridization, down to about 0.1 ng of the specific mycoplasma dna or 10(5) cfu. biotinylation of probe decreased the sensitivity of detection and produced nonspecific background reactions with nonhomologous dnas. sulfonation of probe yielded a similar level of sensitivity with less background. | 1987 | 3106412 |
| the principal protein antigens of isolates of mycoplasma pneumoniae as measured by levels of immunoglobulin g in human serum are stable in strains collected over a 10-year period. | to determine whether antigenic variation in protein antigens of mycoplasma pneumoniae occurred over time, 12 isolates obtained from pneumonia patients over a 10-year period (1964 to 1974) were compared by immunoblotting (western blotting) against acute and convalescent human serum samples obtained from the same patients. the strains selected were isolated from patients who had low anti-lipid complement-fixing antibody titers in their acute-phase serum samples and high titers in their convalescen ... | 1987 | 3112011 |
| use of a triplex polymerase chain reaction for the detection and differentiation of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium in the presence of human dna. | pcr primers corresponding to the adhesin genes of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium were shown to detect the corresponding organisms specifically. absence of cross-reaction with seven other mollicute species and six unrelated bacterial species commonly found in humans was demonstrated. positive control primers directed against human mitochondrial dna could be mixed with the mycoplasma primers without loss of specificity or sensitivity. a detection level of 10 c.f.u. of either mycop ... | 1993 | 8254313 |
| isolation and characterization of mycoplasma genitalium strains from the human respiratory tract. | mycoplasma genitalium, an organism first isolated from the urethras of two men with nongonococcal urethritis, has been found in throat specimens from military recruits participating in an inactivated mycoplasma pneumoniae vaccine field trial in 1974-1975. four of 16 preserved throat isolates, previously identified as strains of m. pneumoniae, have now been shown to be mixtures of m. pneumoniae and m. genitalium. purification of these mixed mycoplasmas by selection of single colonies confirmed th ... | 1988 | 3148632 |
| a dna probe for detecting mycoplasma genitalium in clinical specimens. | despite decades of careful study, the etiologies of all cases of pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) and non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu) have yet to be described. mycoplasma genitalium is a newly described organism which has been implicated as a cause of both pid and ngu. because of fastidious growth requirements, prolonged incubation time and frequent overgrowth in clinical specimens by mycoplasma hominis, non-culture methods need to be developed for its detection. we have cloned m. genitalium dn ... | 1987 | 3453423 |
| urethral infection in male chimpanzees produced experimentally by mycoplasma genitalium. | four young male chimpanzees were inoculated intra-urethrally with a strain (g37) of mycoplasma genitalium which had been isolated from the urethra of a patient with non-gonococcal urethritis. two of the chimpanzees became infected as indicated by persistent recovery of the organisms from the urethra for 13 weeks and by an antibody response measured by both metabolism inhibition and micro-immunofluorescence techniques. the numbers of organisms isolated from both animals increased about 4 weeks af ... | 1985 | 3970830 |
| acute upper genital-tract disease in female monkeys provoked experimentally by mycoplasma genitalium. | the oviducts of two grivet monkeys and three marmosets, all sexually mature animals, were inoculated with mycoplasma genitalium at laparotomy. the mycoplasma was not recovered from the grivet monkeys, nor from the oviducts of the marmosets although it was isolated intermittently from the vagina of two of the latter animals up to 4-6 weeks after inoculation. in contrast, all of the animals developed antibody to m. genitalium measured by a micro-immunofluorescence technique. it developed rapidly i ... | 1985 | 4027175 |
| the cytadhesins of mycoplasma pneumoniae and m. genitalium. | | 1993 | 8378992 |
| microbiological and serological study of non-gonococcal urethritis with special reference to mycoplasma genitalium. | twenty-two men with non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu), 19 with gonorrhoea, and 22 without urethritis were examined for various micro-organisms. chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the urethra of 45% of men with ngu, 21% of those with gonorrhoea, but from none without urethritis. ureaplasma urealyticum but not mycoplasma hominis was recovered from a larger proportion of men with ngu than from those in the other groups. m genitalium was isolated presumptively from 32% of men with ngu, 12% of tho ... | 1985 | 4043971 |
| serological cross-reactions between mycoplasma genitalium and m. pneumoniae. | | 1983 | 6131231 |
| dna cleavage patterns as indicators of genotypic heterogeneity among strains of acholeplasma and mycoplasma species. | electrophoretic patterns of digestion products of acholeplasma and mycoplasma dna by restriction endonucleases were compared. the patterns of acholeplasma axanthum strains isolated from a variety of hosts and habitats differed markedly from each other, indicating considerable genotypic heterogeneity among strains included in this species. heterogeneity was less marked among the acholeplasma oculi strains tested, and was minimal among strains of the avian pathogen mycoplasma gallisepticum. strain ... | 1983 | 6313853 |
| the genetic relation between mycoplasma hominis and other mycoplasma species. | purified preparations of dna from five mycoplasma species of human origin, including mycoplasma hominis, were analyzed for homology. in general, very low-level homology (less than 0.5%) was found, but two pairs of species showed greater homology: m. hominis and mycoplasma salivarium were related by a 2.6% homology, mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium (a proposed new species) were related by a 1.8% homology. these results indicate that the species involved are distinct but distantly r ... | 1983 | 6420911 |
| absence of mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadsorption protein p1 in mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma gallisepticum. | polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to mycoplasma pneumoniae protein p1 were nonreactive with whole-cell or soluble preparations of m. genitalium and m. gallisepticum. however, radioimmunoprecipitation performed with hyperimmune rabbit sera raised against each mycoplasma species indicated antigenic cross-reactivity between m. pneumoniae and m. genitalium. | 1984 | 6421736 |
| serological cross-reactions between mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae. | the recently discovered mycoplasma species mycoplasma genitalium was isolated from urethral specimens from men with nongonococcal urethritis (tully et al., lancet i:1288-1291, 1981). in a previous report (k. lind, lancet ii:1158-1159, 1982), prominent serological cross-reactions were demonstrated between this mycoplasma and m. pneumoniae. in the present study, the two mycoplasma species were compared more extensively. in classical mycoplasma medium without thallium acetate, m. genitalium grew mo ... | 1984 | 6440905 |
| the minimal gene complement of mycoplasma genitalium. | the complete nucleotide sequence (580,070 base pairs) of the mycoplasma genitalium genome, the smallest known genome of any free-living organism, has been determined by whole-genome random sequencing and assembly. a total of only 470 predicted coding regions were identified that include genes required for dna replication, transcription and translation, dna repair, cellular transport, and energy metabolism. comparison of this genome to that of haemophilus influenzae suggests that differences in g ... | 1995 | 7569993 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of an adherence-related operon of mycoplasma genitalium. | adhesins and adhesin-related accessory proteins of pathogenic mycoplasmas are required for cytadherence and the subsequent development of disease pathology. the classic example has been mycoplasma pneumoniae, which causes primary atypical pneumonia in humans. mutants of m. pneumoniae defective in adhesins (p1 and p30) or in adherence-accessory proteins (hmw1 through hmw4) are unable to colonize host tissues and are avirulent. mycoplasma genitalium, implicated in nongonococcal, nonchlamydial uret ... | 1995 | 7592348 |
| the harrison lecture. the history and role of mycoplasma genitalium in sexually transmitted diseases. | | 1995 | 7750946 |
| interplay between mycoplasmas and host target cells. | the infectious pattern of mycoplasmas (mycoplasma penetrans, mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium) in mammalian cells was examined using confocal microscopy and flow cytometry combined with cell fractionation and mycoplasma viability determinations. within 2 h postinfection mycoplasmas parasitize cell surfaces, enter the intracellular spaces and locate throughout the cytoplasmic and perinuclear regions. these mycoplasmas can be cultivated from cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions 96 h la ... | 1995 | 8577234 |
| genetic map of the mycoplasma genitalium chromosome. | at 600 kb, the genome of mycoplasma genitalium is among the smallest known for cellular organisms capable of independent replication. as such, elucidation of the genetic makeup and chromosome architecture of this organism is of considerable interest. we have located 631 markers on the physical map of m. genitalium. the clones have been mapped by hybridizing 20 overlapping cosmid and lambda clones which encompass the entire m. genitalium chromosome to replica filters containing 856 genomic dna cl ... | 1995 | 7768819 |
| [detection of mycoplasma genitalium from male patients with non-gonococcal urethritis by polymerase chain reaction]. | mycoplasma genitalium causes urethritis in non-human primates, but studies on its pathogenicity in man have been hampered by the difficulty in isolating this oragnism in culture. we have used a specific polymerase chain reaction to examine the role of m. genitalium in non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu). oligonucleotide primers were used to amplify a 281 bp of 140-kda adhesin gene of m. genitalium. a characteristic pcr product was amplified, when m. genitalium dna was template for the pcr. no amplif ... | 1994 | 7829906 |
| mycoplasma genitalium in the joints of two patients with arthritis. | mycoplasma genitalium was sought in synovial fluids from 13 patients, of whom five had reiter's syndrome, four had rheumatoid arthritis, and one each had systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatic fever and undefined arthritis. the mycoplasma was detected by a pcr assay in the knee joint of a 25-year-old man with reiter's syndrome, from whom urethral ureaplasmas were isolated and whose synovial fluid mononuclear cells responded to ureaplasmal antigens in a proliferation assay. ... | 1994 | 7889971 |
| mycoplasma genitalium and non-gonococcal urethritis. | | 1994 | 7903773 |
| mycoplasma genitalium and non-gonococcal urethritis. | | 1994 | 7907743 |
| construction of an ordered genomic library of mycoplasma genitalium. | as a first step towards sequencing the chromosome of the suspected human pathogen mycoplasma genitalium, we attempted to clone its entire genome in a set of ordered cosmids. cosmid libraries were established by partial digestion of m. genitalium genomic dna with sau3ai or ecori. a chromosome-walking strategy was used to identify 20 overlapping cosmid clones which contained over 99% of the genome. the final 5.1 kb could not be cloned in cosmids, and was eventually obtained from a genomic library ... | 1994 | 7959059 |
| mycoplasma genitalium: a cause of non-gonococcal urethritis? | | 1994 | 8001961 |
| association of mycoplasma genitalium with acute non-gonococcal urethritis. | chlamydia trachomatis is known to be a cause of acute non-gonococcal urethritis (ngu), though the aetiology of this disorder is not fully understood. mycoplasma genitalium has been isolated from a few men with ngu, but culture has remained difficult and reliable detection became possible only with a specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we have used the pcr to examine the role of m genitalium in ngu. m genitalium was detected in urethral samples from 24 (23%) of 103 men with symptoms, signs, ... | 1993 | 8102721 |
| search for the presence of six mycoplasma species in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of subjects seropositive and seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus. | the prevalence of mycoplasma fermentans, mycoplasma pirum, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma pneumoniae, mycoplasma hominis, and mycoplasma penetrans was investigated by using specific pcr assays with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects infected or not infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). only m. fermentans was detected in 5.8% of 154 hiv-seropositive and 11.1% of 90 hiv-seronegative subjects. | 1996 | 8784596 |
| intracellular location of mycoplasma genitalium in cultured vero cells as demonstrated by electron microscopy. | the original two strains of mycoplasma genitalium were isolated from the human urogenital tract. no other strains have been isolated from this site since then. we have recently succeeded in propagating a third strain from a urogenital specimen from a patient with urethritis in vero cell cultures. by electron microscopy mycoplasmas were demonstrated intracellularly in about 10% of the examined vero cells. various stages of penetration into the cells could be observed. the flask-shaped organisms s ... | 1994 | 8199010 |
| novelties from the complete genome of mycoplasma genitalium. | | 1996 | 8793887 |
| a survey of the mycoplasma genitalium genome by using random sequencing. | a total of 508 random clones from five mycoplasma genitalium genomic libraries were partially sequenced and analyzed. this resulted in the identification of 291 unique contigs. sequence information from these clones (100,993 nucleotides), representing approximately 17% of this pathogen's genome, was analyzed by comparison to the dna and protein sequence data bases. the frequency with which clones could be identified, by virtue of possessing homology to another data base entry, was 46%. sequence ... | 1993 | 8253680 |
| molecular characterization of the p1-like adhesin gene from mycoplasma pirum. | a dna fragment has been isolated from the genome of mycoplasma pirum by use of a genetic probe derived from the conserved region within the genes for the major adhesins of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma pneumoniae. a gene encoding an adhesin-like polypeptide was localized, and sequence analysis indicated a g + c content of only 28%, with a- and t-rich codons being preferentially used. a total of 91% of positions 3 were either a or t. the deduced polypeptide is 1,144 amino acids long (126 k ... | 1994 | 8300531 |
| [brain stem encephalitis due to mycoplasma genitalium]. | a 5 years old girl is described with infection due to mycoplasma genitalium causing brain stem encephalitis. the diagnosis was established by polymerase chain reaction assay of the cerebrospinal fluid which demonstrated dna of mycoplasma genitalium. she was somnolent, had left abducens nerve palsy, and aphasis. the t2 weighted scan showed high signal intensity of pontine in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the central nervous system. she recovered and was discharged without any sequelae. | 1993 | 8320470 |
| identification of the putative cytadhesin gene of mycoplasma gallisepticum and its use as a dna probe. | a portion of the putative mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) cytadhesin gene was identified and used as a diagnostic dna probe. degenerate oligonucleotide primers corresponding to conserved regions of the cytadhesin proteins from two human mycoplasmas, m. pneumoniae and m. genitalium, were synthesized for use in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) on genomic mg dna. a 583-base-pair mg dna fragment was amplified and subsequently cloned and sequenced. the mg dna fragment is predicted to encode a 193-am ... | 1993 | 8363503 |
| adherence of mycoplasma to cell surfaces. | | 1993 | 8378991 |
| titers of antibody to mycoplasma in sera of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | one hundred sixty-seven sera collected from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative blood donors (n = 41), asymptomatic hiv-positive patients (n = 75), and patients with aids (n = 51) were compared in a metabolism inhibition serological test employing antigens to four distinct mycoplasma species. the proportion of sera with antibody titers of > or = 1:32 to mycoplasma genitalium was significantly higher for patients with aids than for hiv-negative blood donors. serological relationships betw ... | 1993 | 8399925 |
| isolation and characterization of transposon tn4001-generated, cytadherence-deficient transformants of mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium. | cytadherence and subsequent parasitism of host cells by the human pathogens, mycoplasma pneumoniae and mycoplasma genitalium, are mediated by adhesins and adherence-related accessory proteins. in this report we demonstrate the use of transposon tn4001 to generate tn-induced transformants displaying cytadherence-deficient characteristics. mycoplasma pneumoniae tn-generated transformant, designated 8r, lacked the high-molecular weight adherence-accessory proteins hmw1/4 and was deficient in hemads ... | 1996 | 8908481 |
| the metabolism of aids-associated mycoplasmas. | mycoplasma fermentans and mycoplasma pirum have been recovered from human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive persons. m. fermentans has been isolated with much higher frequency from hiv-positive than from hiv-negative persons. mycoplasma genitalium has been detected by polymerase chain reaction in the blood of a patient with aids. little is known about the biology of these mycoplasmas, especially their physiology, biochemistry, and growth response to inhibitors of essential metabolic loci or ... | 1993 | 8399928 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of mycoplasma fermentans and mycoplasma genitalium in the urogenital tract and amniotic fluid. | in an attempt to further define the natural history of mycoplasma genitalium and mycoplasma fermentans infections in humans, we used cultures and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to determine whether these organisms were present in the urethra and cervix of sexually active adults and in the amniotic fluid of women whose membranes were intact and collected at the time of cesarean delivery (to preclude cervical contamination). m. genitalium was detected by pcr but not by culture in 11% of patie ... | 1993 | 8399929 |
| models of infection due to mycoplasmas, including mycoplasma fermentans, in the genital tract and other sites in mice. | progesterone induces susceptibility in murine genital tracts to mycoplasma pulmonis, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and mycoplasma genitalium when each is given intravaginally. in contrast, estradiol, but not progesterone, induced such susceptibility to ureaplasma urealyticum, mycoplasma hominis, and mycoplasma fermentans, the "incognitus" and pg18 strains of the latter behaving similarly. none of the mice that had been given m. fermentans intravaginally died, whereas others that had been given large nu ... | 1993 | 8399930 |
| progress with gene-product mapping of the mollicutes: mycoplasma genitalium. | a protein map of the smallest known self-replicating organism, mycoplasma genitalium (class: mollicutes), revealed a high proportion of acidic proteins. amino acid composition was used to putatively identify, or provide unique parameters, for 50 gene products separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. a further 19 proteins were subjected to peptide-mass fingerprinting using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation-time of flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry and 4 were subjected to n-t ... | 1995 | 7498152 |
| factors influencing the ability of different mycoplasmas to colonize the genital tract of hormone-treated female mice. | colonization of the genital tract of female mice, mainly balb/c, by mycoplasma genitalium, m. pneumoniae and m. pulmonis was enhanced by pretreatment of the mice with progesterone. m. fermentans, m. hominis and m. salivarium, and three serotypes and two untyped strains of ureaplasma urealyticum colonized under the influence of oestradiol but not progesterone. mycoplasmas dependent on progesterone were glucose-metabolizing, with strong haemadsorptive and other attachment properties, and possessed ... | 1993 | 8471540 |
| characterization of repetitive dna in the mycoplasma genitalium genome: possible role in the generation of antigenic variation. | we have characterized a family of repetitive dna elements with homology to the mgpa cellular adhesion operon of mycoplasma genitalium, a bacterium that has the smallest known genome of any free-living organism. one element, 2272 bp in length and flanked by dna with no homology to mgpa, was completely sequenced. at least four others were partially sequenced. the complete element is a composite of six regions. five of these regions show sequence similarity with nonadjacent segments of genes of the ... | 1995 | 8524858 |
| cloning and characterization of a putative cytadhesin gene (mgc1) from mycoplasma gallisepticum. | a 150-kda cytadhesin-like protein from mycoplasma gallisepticum has been identified. a previously described 583-bp fragment (j.e. dohms, l.l. hnatow, p. whetzel, r. morgan and c.l. keeler, jr., avian dis. 37:380-388, 1993) was used to probe a genomic library of m. gallisepticum dna. an 8.0-kb saci fragment was identified, cloned, and partially sequenced. analysis of the resulting 3,750-bp sequence revealed the presence of a 3,366-nucleotide open reading frame, mgc1. the 1,122-amino-acid protein ... | 1996 | 8613358 |
| origin of replication of mycoplasma genitalium. | | 1996 | 8614839 |
| characterization of genes encoding topoisomerase iv of mycoplasma genitalium. | a type-ii toposiomerase (topo-iv) encoded by the parc and pare genes in escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium is thought to be involved in cell septation and in the decatenation of newly replicated chromosomes. we have identified parc and pare homologs in the pleomorphic, wall-less organism mycoplasma genitalium. since the mechanics of cell septation in conventional eubacterial species is believed to be mediated by cell-wall constituents, there is no clear understanding of what coordinates ... | 1996 | 8626069 |
| a rela/spot homologous gene from streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) controls antibiotic biosynthetic genes. | a 0.972-kilobase pair dna fragment from streptomyces lividans that induces the production of the blue-pigmented antibiotic actinorhodine in s. lividans when cloned on a multicopy plasmid has led to the isolation of a 4-kilobase pair dna fragment from streptomyces coelicolor containing homologous sequence. computer-assisted analysis of the dna sequence revealed three putative open reading frames (orfs), orf1, orf2, and orf3. orf2 extends beyond the sequenced dna fragment, and its deduced product ... | 1996 | 8631867 |
| microbial genes homologous to the peptidyl-trna hydrolase-encoding gene of escherichia coli. | we have cloned and determined the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the genes encoding peptidyl-trna hydrolase (pth) homologues of salmonella typhi (st) and the lyme disease spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi (bb). we also completed the nt sequence of a pth homologous gene contained in a chlamydia trachomatis (ct) clone identified in the databanks. the open reading frames (orfs) of the pth homologues encode putative polypeptides of 194 (st), 188 (bb) and 194 (ct) amino acids exhibiting significant ide ... | 1996 | 8635758 |
| sequences of the salmonella typhimurium mgla and mglc genes. | the nucleotide sequences of the mgla and mglc genes of salmonella typhimurium (st) lt2 have been determined. the deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of mgla and mglc are 506 and 302 aa long with predicted molecular masses of 56,484 and 31,551 da, respectively. the aa sequences of st mgla and mglc are homologous to the corresponding mgl proteins of escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, treponema pallidum and mycoplasma genitalium. the order of the st mgl operon is mglbac. | 1996 | 8675022 |
| pseudouridine synthases: four families of enzymes containing a putative uridine-binding motif also conserved in dutpases and dctp deaminases. | using a combination of several methods for protein sequence comparison and motif analysis, it is shown that the four recently described pseudouridine syntheses with different specificities belong to four distinct families. three of these families share two conserved motifs that are likely to be directly involved in catalysis. one of these motifs is detected also in two other families of enzymes that specifically bind uridine, namely deoxycitidine triphosphate deaminases and deoxyuridine triphosp ... | 1996 | 8710514 |
| sequencing and analysis of bacterial genomes. | the complete sequences of two small bacterial genomes have recently become available, and those of several more species should follow within the next two years. sequence comparisons show that the most bacterial proteins are highly conserved in evolution, allowing predictions to be made about the functions of most products of an uncharacterized genome. bacterial genomes differ vastly in their gene repertoires. although genes for components of the translation and transcription machinery, and for m ... | 1996 | 8723345 |