| [systematic position of an autotrophic actinomycete isolated from a floodplain marsh near moscow]. | a hydrogen-oxidizing actinomycete (z-1046) was isolated from a flood-plain marsh in the moscow region. its taxonomy was compared with that of similar cultures belonging to international special standards of actinomycetes (isp). the strain z-1046 was found to be identical with streptomyces autotrophicus isp-5011 (ria-1008, atcc-19727, cbs-466.68, ifo-12743). it has been also shown that the generic identification of the standard culture isp-5011 is erroneous: as hirsch (1960) holds, the culture be ... | 1978 | 651680 |
| [identification of actinomycetes with antifungal activity which do not affect rhizobium meliloti]. | thirteen isolates of actinomycetes that have broad antifungal activity and do not affect two efficient strains of rhizobium meliloti were identified as: nocardia autotrophica, streptomyces antimycoticus, s. anulatus, s. capoamus, s. lydicus, s. murinus, s. roseo-luteus, and s. thermotolerans. | 1978 | 709436 |
| dna homology studies on nocardia and rhodococcus strains. | the genetic homogeneity of nocardia amarae, nocardia autotrophica and rhodococcus strains and the relationship among these groups of microorganisms have been studied using the dna reassociation method. strains belonging to n. amarae and n. autotrophica form genetically homogeneous groups. distinct differences have been found out among rhodococcus strains. | 1978 | 749779 |
| bioconversion of avermectin into 27-oh avermectin. | the bioconversion of avermectin to its 27-hydroxy derivative is achieved with nocardia autotrophica subsp. canberrica. the approach of increasing bioconversion productivity rather than efficiency was adopted in these studies. process improvement studies focused on the physico-chemical conditions of the fermentation, examined initially at the shake-flask scale. bioconversion yields were affected by ph, substrate concentration, time of substrate addition, substrate solubilization, carbon to nitrog ... | 1990 | 1366995 |
| l-669,262, a potent hmg-coa reductase inhibitor. | the microbial transformation of simvastatin (mk-733) by nocardia autotrophica subspecies amethystina yielded iso-simvastatin-6-one as a minor component. this transformation product is a dienone and is one of the more potent inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase found to date. | 1991 | 2026562 |
| microbial conversion of milbemycins: 30-oxidation of milbemycin a4 and related compounds by amycolata autotrophica and amycolatopsis mediterranei. | microorganisms were screened for their ability to modify milbemycin a4 (1a). many strains, mostly actinomycetes and zygomycetes, were found to convert milbemycin a4 (1a) to one or more new products. among these products, m-1, m-2, and m-3 were obtained using amycolata autotrophica subsp. amethystina atcc 35204, and were identified as 30-hydroxymilbemycin a4 (1b), 26,30-dihydroxymilbemycin a4 (1c), and milbemycin a4 30-oic acid (1d), respectively. other milbemycins and ll-f28249 alpha (7a) also u ... | 1990 | 2258330 |
| taxonomy of actinomycetes capable of hydroxylation of ml-236b (compactin). | three actinomycetes having capability of 3 beta-hydroxylation of ml-236b were isolated from soil samples collected in australia. strain sank 62781 was identified as nocardia autotrophica. strain sank 62881 and strain sank 62981 were identified as new subspecies of n. autotrophica for which the name n. autotrophica subsp. canberrica and n. autotrophica subsp. amethystina are proposed, respectively. the type strains of n. autotrophica subsp. canberrica and n. autotrophica subsp. amethystina are at ... | 1983 | 6630076 |
| numerical classification of some named strains of nocardia asteroides and related isolates from soil. | one hundred and forty-nine strains of nocardiae, freshly isolated from soil samples obtained from a number of countries with either tropical or temperate climates, and from rubber pipe seals, were compared with appropriate marker cultures in a numerical phenetic study using 156 unit characters. marker strains were chosen to represent the nocardia asteroides complex, other nocardia species and related taxa in an effort both to classify the new soil isolates and, possibly, clarify the structure of ... | 1980 | 7003057 |
| [development of hydrogen bacteria on hard surfaces]. | a simple model system stimulating the physical conditions of hydrogen bacterial growth in soil and loose rocks was studied. hydrogen bacterial cells grown under the autotrophic conditions were applied to the surface of coarse-grained silica gel, crushed brick and peat, and constantly supplied with a mixture of h2:o2:co2 (7:2:1). it was shown that nocardia opaca z-766, when cultivated on well-developed solid surfaces with a small quantity of mineral medium, produced an active bacterial film at th ... | 1981 | 7242393 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a bacterial cytochrome p-450vd25 gene encoding vitamin d-3 25-hydroxylase. | the gene encoding an enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation at position 25 of vitamin d-3 was cloned from an actinomycete strain, amycolata autotrophica, by use of a host-vector system of streptomyces lividans. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence revealed that this enzyme, tentatively named p-450vd25, contains several regions of strong similarity with amino acid sequences of cytochromes p-450 from a variety of organisms, primarily in the regions of an oxygen-binding sit ... | 1994 | 8086461 |
| 167-a, a new antibiotic produced by a mutant of an inactive wild strain of amycolata autotrophica. | two related antibiotics, 167-a and 167-b, were isolated from the fermentation broth of a mutant of an inactive wild strain of amycolata autotrophica. antibiotic 167-b was found to be cervinomycin a2; antibiotic 167-a is a new representative of the same group and has the structure of 18-o-demethyl cervinomycin a2. | 1994 | 8175487 |
| microbial conversion of milbemycins: 28-hydroxylation of milbemycins by amycolata autotrophica. | | 1993 | 8478271 |
| pseudonocardia kongjuensis sp. nov., isolated from a gold mine cave. | the taxonomic position of an isolate that was recovered from a gold mine cave near kongju, republic of korea, was determined by 16s rdna sequence studies and chemotaxonomic characterization. comparative studies of 16s rdna sequences indicated that this organism was phylogenetically related to members of the genus pseudonocardia, branching outside a cluster encompassing pseudonocardia autotrophica and pseudonocardia compacta. the affiliation to the genus was also supported by the cell chemistry, ... | 2001 | 11491352 |
| microbial life at extremely low nutrient levels. | many microorganisms ("oligotrophs") grow in distilled water: pseudomonas spp., caulobacter spp., hyphomicrobium spp., arthrobacter spp., seliberia spp., bactoderma alba, corynebacterium spp., amycolata (nocardia) autotrophica, mycobacterium spp., yeasts, and chlorella spp. also, certain lower fungi can be found here. in the laboratory, these organisms thrive on contaminations of the air (co, hydrocarbons, h2, alcohols etc.). all are euryosmotic and often grow also in higher concentrations of ... | 1986 | 11537832 |
| generation of novel epothilone analogs with cytotoxic activity by biotransformation. | the epothilones represent a new class of bacterial natural products with broad spectrum of antiproliferative activity against various types of human tumors and tumor cell lines. the attractive preclinical profile of epothilones has made them promising lead compounds for novel anticancer agents and has spurred a strong interest in obtaining different derivatives to fully evaluate their therapeutic potentials. we have generated a number of novel epothilone d and 10,11-dehydroepothilone d (epo490) ... | 2003 | 12670045 |
| a gene cluster for the fatty acid catabolism from pseudonocardia autotrophica bcrc12444. | genes involved in fatty acid degradation (fad) were isolated from pseudonocardia autotrophica bbrc12444. six open reading frames and a bi-directional promoter region were identified by dna sequence analyses and primer extension. the fad gene cluster included five orfs, designated fada, fadb, fadr, fadc, and fadd. base on their amino acid sequence identity, the gene products were identified as acyl-coa ligase (fada), enoyl-coa hydratase (fadb), transcriptional regulator (fadr), cytochrome p450 mo ... | 2005 | 15752735 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a cryptic polyene gene cluster in pseudonocardia autotrophica. | the polyene antibiotics, a category that includes nystatin, pimaricin, amphotericin, and candicidin, comprise a family of very promising antifungal polyketide compounds and are typically produced by soil actinomycetes. the biosynthetic gene clusters for these polyenes have been previously investigated, revealing the presence of highly similar cytochrome p450 hydroxylase (cyp) genes. using polyene cyp-specific pcr screening with several actinomycete genomic dnas, pseudonocardia autotrophica was d ... | 2006 | 16096834 |
| pseudonocardia ammonioxydans sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment. | actinomycete strain h9t was isolated from coastal sediment of the jiao-dong peninsula (near tsingdao city) in china, and was identified by means of polyphasic taxonomy. the strain grew autotrophically on modified nitrifying medium and heterotrophically on luria-bertani medium, with nacl ranging from 0 to 8% (w/v) (optimal growth at 3.5%). the 16s rrna gene sequence similarities of strain h9t to members of the genus pseudonocardia ranged from 93.0 to 97.5%, indicating that strain h9t was phylogen ... | 2006 | 16514026 |
| isolation and identification of 2alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3, a new metabolite from pseudonocardia autotrophica 100u-19 cells incubated with vitamin d3. | pseudonocardia autotrophica converted vitamin d(3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin d(3) and 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3). the hydroxylation of vitamin d(3) with p. autotrophica was enhanced by the addition of cyclodextrin. in this microbial hydroxylation, a new vitamin d(3) metabolite was observed in the reaction mixture of p. autotrophica and vitamin d(3), and was isolated in a pure form by several steps of chromatography. the structure of the new metabolite was determined to be 2alpha,25-dihydroxyvita ... | 2006 | 16784761 |
| pseudonocardia endophytica sp. nov., isolated from the pharmaceutical plant lobelia clavata. | an endophytic actinomycete strain, designated yim 56035(t), was isolated from the inner tissue of the traditional chinese medicinal plant lobelia clavata. the strain stained gram-positive, was aerobic and exhibited branching, white aerial mycelium and yellowish-brown substrate mycelium. the strain formed spore chains on aerial hyphae. the g+c content of the genomic dna was 70.3 mol%. on the basis of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain yim 56035(t ... | 2009 | 19244441 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of vitamin d3 hydroxylase, a novel cytochrome p450 isolated from pseudonocardia autotrophica. | vitamin d(3) hydroxylase (vdh) is a novel cytochrome p450 monooxygenase isolated from the actinomycete pseudonocardia autotrophica and consisting of 403 amino-acid residues. vdh catalyzes the activation of vitamin d(3) via sequential hydroxylation reactions: these reactions involve the conversion of vitamin d(3) (cholecalciferol or vd3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin d(3) [25(oh)vd3] and the subsequent conversion of 25(oh)vd3 to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) [calciferol or 1alpha,25(oh)(2)vd3]. overexpr ... | 2009 | 19342783 |
| purification, characterization, and directed evolution study of a vitamin d3 hydroxylase from pseudonocardia autotrophica. | vitamin d(3) (vd(3)) is a fat-soluble prohormone that plays a crucial role in bone metabolism, immunity, and control of cell proliferation and cell differentiation in mammals. the actinomycete pseudonocardia autotrophica is capable of bioconversion of vd(3) into its physiologically active forms, namely, 25(oh)vd(3) or 1alpha,25(oh)(2)vd(3). in this study, we isolated and characterized vdh (vitamin d(3) hydroxylase), which hydroxylates vd(3) from p. autotrophica nbrc 12743. the vdh gene encodes a ... | 2009 | 19450562 |
| identification of functionally clustered nystatin-like biosynthetic genes in a rare actinomycetes, pseudonocardia autotrophica. | the polyene antibiotics, including nystatin, pimaricin, amphotericin, and candicidin, comprise a family of very valuable antifungal polyketide compounds, and they are typically produced by soil actinomycetes. previously, using a polyene cytochrome p450 hydroxylase-specific genome screening strategy, pseudonocardia autotrophica kctc9441 was determined to contain genes potentially encoding polyene biosynthesis. here, sequence information of an approximately 125.7-kb contiguous dna region in five o ... | 2009 | 19697072 |
| enhancement of recombinant enzyme activity in cpxa-deficient mutant of escherichia coli. | we have previously performed a systematic screening of single-gene knockout collection of escherichia coli bw25113 (the keio collection) to investigate the effect of cellular components on the activity of whole-cell catalysts (zhou et al. appl. microbiol. biotechnol. in press (2010)). in the present paper, the cpxa-deficient mutant of e.coli bw25113 was found to be able to enhance the activity of cytochrome p450s, including cyp154a1 of streptomyces coelicolor, compactin 6β-hydroxylase of strepto ... | 2010 | 20547366 |
| bioconversion of vitamin d to its active form by bacterial or mammalian cytochrome p450. | bioconversion processes, including specific hydroxylations, promise to be useful for practical applications because chemical syntheses often involve complex procedures. one of the successful applications of p450 reactions is the bioconversion of vitamin d₃ to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin d₃. recently, a cytochrome p450 gene encoding a vitamin d hydroxylase from the cyp107 family was cloned from pseudonocardia autotrophica and is now applied in the bioconversion process that produces 1α,25-dihydroxyvit ... | 2011 | 20654743 |
| structural evidence for enhancement of sequential vitamin d3 hydroxylation activities by directed evolution of cytochrome p450 vitamin d3 hydroxylase. | vitamin d(3) hydroxylase (vdh) isolated from actinomycete pseudonocardia autotrophica is a cytochrome p450 (cyp) responsible for the biocatalytic conversion of vitamin d(3) (vd(3)) to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) (1α,25(oh)(2)vd(3)) by p. autotrophica. although its biological function is unclear, vdh is capable of catalyzing the two-step hydroxylation of vd(3), i.e. the conversion of vd(3) to 25-hydroxyvitamin d(3) (25(oh)vd(3)) and then of 25(oh)vd(3) to 1α,25(oh)(2)vd(3), a hormonal form of vd( ... | 2010 | 20667833 |
| construction of a novel expression vector in pseudonocardia autotrophica and its application to efficient biotransformation of compactin to pravastatin, a specific hmg-coa reductase inhibitor. | the novel plasmid vector (ptaor4-rev) suitable for gene expression in actinomycete strains of pseudonocardia autotrophica was constructed from 2 p. autotrophica genetic elements, the novel replication origin and the acetone-inducible promoter. the replication origin was isolated from the endogenous plasmid of strain dsm 43082 and the acetone-inducible promoter was determined by analysis of the upstream region of an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase gene homologue in strain nbrc 12743. p. autotrophica s ... | 2010 | 21144838 |
| analysis and functional expression of npp pathway-specific regulatory genes in pseudonocardia autotrophica. | using the genomics-guided polyene screening method, a rare actinomycetes called pseudonocardia autotrophica was previously identified to contain functionally clustered nystatin-like biosynthetic genes and to produce a presumably novel polyene compound named nystatin-like pseudonocardia polyene (npp) (kim et al., j ind microbiol biotechnol 36:1425-1434, 2009). since very low npp productivity was observed in most p. autotrophica culture conditions, its biosynthetic pathway was proposed to be tight ... | 2011 | 21259033 |