| amylase of the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora vulgaris. | alpha-amylase of the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora vulgaris was partially purified. maximal enzyme activity was obtained at 60degreec and ph 6.0. km value was l.4%. the effect of some metal salts on enzyme activity was studied. enzyme activity was inhibited by by kcn, edta, and iodoacetate. inhibition by edta was completely nullified by cacl2, but the inhibition by iodoacetate was not overcome by 2-mercaptoethanol. exposure of the enzyme to ph 7.0 and 9.0 for 2 hr. did not affect the ... | 1975 | 848 |
| production, purification, and characterization of alpha-amylase from thermomonospora curvata. | thermomonospora curvata produces an extracellular alpha-amylase. maximal amylase production by cultures in a starch-mineral salts medium occurred at ph 7.5 and 53 degrees c. the crude enzyme was unstable to heating (65 degrees c) at ph 4 to 6, and was activated when heated at ph 8. the enzyme was purified 66-fold with a 9% yield and appeared homogeneous on discontinuous gel electrophoresis. the ph and temperature optima for activity of the purified enzyme were 5.5 to 6.0 and 65 degrees c. the mo ... | 1977 | 21612 |
| thermomonospora sp. t-sa-125 and its production of a growth promoting antibiotic. | thermomonospora sp. t-sa-125 is a true thermophilic actinomycete isolated from a soil sample collected from the saudi arabian desert. it is characterized by the formation of single spores at the tips of dichotomously branched aerial mycelium and differs from thermomonospora curvata and t. viridis in certain aspects. it produces a basic water-soluble antibiotic which is active against gram-positive bacteria, moderately active against gram-negative bacteria and inactive against fungi. at high conc ... | 1979 | 527914 |
| effect of municipal refuse metals on cellulase production by thermomonospora curvata. | the high-concentration metals in municipal refuse compost were tested for effects on cellulase production and activity in thermomonospora curvata. although none altered cellulase reaction rates, both al and ca appeared to specifically inhibit cellulase production. | 1978 | 697357 |
| studies on the formation of alpha-amylase by thermomonospora vulgaris. | conditions affecting the formation of alpha-amylase by static cultures of the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora vulgaris were studied. the organism failed to grow under submerged culture conditions or when the culture medium was devoid of caco3-alpha-amylase was produced during the logarithmic phase of growth and maximum yield was obtained after 3 to 9 days of incubation. growth and amylase formation took place only in a range from 45 degrees to 55 degrees c; optimum temperature was 55 d ... | 1977 | 878707 |
| the sporulation process in thermomonospora fusca as revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. | the sporulation process in the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora fusca was observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. as shown by scanning electron microscopy, spores were produced primarily on aerial hyphae and first appeared as bud-like enlargements at the tips of short multibranched sporophores. young spores were oval to spherical in shape with a smooth surface. as they matured spores enlarged and developed a rough and globular covering, which was quite fragile and eas ... | 1977 | 890604 |
| amylase production by thermomonospora curvata. | thermomonospora curvata produces an extracellular inducible amylase which does not accumulate products repressive to cellulase production during growth on starch-cellulose ratios similar to those of compost. | 1977 | 907344 |
| precipitating antibodies in a midwest dairy farming population toward the antigens associated with farmer's lung disease. | a survey of the frequency of precipitins to the antigens of the thermophilic actinomycetes and aspergillus species was conducted on serum samples from 1,045 farmers obtained at a 3-day exposition on modern farm equipment and farming practices in central wisconsin. each farmer filled out a questionnaire including socioeconomic information, lung disease history, exposure history, and smoking history. precipitins were detected by the double-diffusion method. the antigen panel included eight thermop ... | 1976 | 932340 |
| taxonomy of primycin producing actinomycetes. i. description of the type strain of thermomonospora galeriensis. | strain fbua 1274 (=strain 28/650707, hungarian national collection of medical bacteria, national institute of public health, budapest) is designated the type strain of thermonospora galeriensis (vályi-nagy et al.) comb. nov., and the morphological characteristics of this strain are described. | 1976 | 1026059 |
| cultural, morphological, and physiological characteristics of thermomonospora fusca (strain 190th). | the cultural, morphological, and physiological properties of thermomonospora fusca (strain 190th) are described. its physiological properties show that this species is primarily a carbohydrate-degrading actinomycete which can use a wide range of plant sugars and polymeric carbohydrates as sources of carbon and energy. the culture does not use proteins or amino acids for carbon and energy, or as a nitrogen source. a few organic acids are utilized. ammonia is the preferred nitrogen source. the cul ... | 1975 | 1201520 |
| cloning of three endoglucanase genes from thermomonospora curvata into escherichia coli. | a bamhi genomic library from thermomonospora curvata was constructed in e. coli using cosmid vector phc79. four clones able to hydrolyze cmc were isolated. restriction digests and southern gel analysis revealed the presence of three different endoglucanase genes. dna fragments contained in all of the endoglucanase cosmids hybridized to t. curvata chromosomal dna. the cellulase genes were expressed in e. coli, but at rather low levels. | 1991 | 1366986 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of cela1, and endo-beta-1,4-glucanase-encoding gene from streptomyces halstedii jm8. | the cela1 gene encoding an endo-beta-1,4-glucanase from a mesophilic actinomycete, strain jm8, identified as streptomyces halstedii, was cloned and expressed in s. lividans ji66. from the nucleotide sequence of a 1.7-kb dna fragment we identified an open reading frame of 963 nucleotides encoding a protein of 321 amino acids, starting at ttg (instead of atg). the cel1 mature enzyme is a protein of 294 amino acids (after signal peptide cleavage) and can be included in the beta-glycanase family b ( ... | 1992 | 1400190 |
| influence of carbon source on cell surface topology of thermomonospora curvata. | the appearance of cell surface protuberances in thermomonospora curvata correlated with cell-bound exoenzymes which could be removed by brief sonication. mycelia grown on cellulose or xylan had numerous protuberances and retained 20 to 25% of endoglucanase and endoxylanase at cell surfaces, while those grown on pectin or starch had few protuberances and negligible bound pectinase or amylase. | 1992 | 1400256 |
| properties of a genetically reconstructed prevotella ruminicola endoglucanase. | a puc19-derived plasmid was constructed that coded for a hybrid cellulase with the thermomonospora fusca e2 cellulose-binding domain at its c terminus joined to the prevotella ruminicola 40.5-kda carboxymethyl cellulase (cmcase). the hybrid enzyme was purified and characterized enzymatically. it bound tightly to cellulose, and its specific activities on carboxymethyl cellulose, amorphous cellulose, and ball-milled cellulose were 1.5, 10, and 8 times that of the 40.5-kda cmcase, respectively. fur ... | 1992 | 1482181 |
| characterization of the alpha-amylase-encoding gene from thermomonospora curvata. | the nucleotide sequence of a 3007-bp dna fragment from thermomonospora curvata ccm3352 containing the coding and regulatory region of the alpha-amylase-encoding gene (tam) was determined. primer extension mapping was used to determine the 5' end of the transcript, and it was demonstrated that the gene is transcribed from a unique promoter which is also functional in streptomyces lividans tk24. transcription of tam in t. curvata was induced by maltose, even in the presence of glucose. in s. livid ... | 1992 | 1551601 |
| endafs, a novel family e endoglucanase gene from fibrobacter succinogenes ar1. | the complete nucleotide sequence of endafs, an endoglucanase gene isolated from the ruminal anaerobe fibrobacter succinogenes ar1, was determined. endafs encodes two overlapping open reading frames (orf1 and orf2), and it was proposed that a -1 ribosomal frameshift was required to allow contiguous synthesis of a 453-amino-acid endoglucanase. a proline- and threonine-rich region at the c terminus of orf1 and rare codons for arginine and threonine were coincident with the proposed frameshift site. ... | 1991 | 1708767 |
| biochemistry and genetics of actinomycete cellulases. | the order actinomycetales includes a number of genera that contain species that actively degrade cellulose and these include both mesophilic and facultative thermophilic species. cellulases produced by strains from two of the genera containing thermophilic organisms have been studied extensively: microbispora bispora and thermomonospora fusca. fractionation of m. bispora cellulases has identified six different enzymes, all of which were purified to near homogeneity and partially characterized. t ... | 1992 | 1733521 |
| dna sequences of three beta-1,4-endoglucanase genes from thermomonospora fusca. | the dna sequences of the thermomonospora fusca genes encoding cellulases e2 and e5 and the n-terminal end of e4 were determined. each sequence contains an identical 14-bp inverted repeat upstream of the initiation codon. there were no significant homologies between the coding regions of the three genes. the e2 gene is 73% identical to the cela gene from microbispora bispora, but this was the only homology found with other cellulase genes. e2 belongs to a family of cellulases that includes cela f ... | 1991 | 1904434 |
| production and properties of xylanases from thermophilic actinomycetes. | 30 strains of xylanolytic thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from composted grass and cattle manure and identified as members of the genera thermomonospora, saccharomonospora, microbispora, streptomyces and actinomadura. screening of these strains for extracellular xylanase indicated that strains of saccharomonospora and microbispora generally were poor xylanase producers (0.5-1.5 u/ml) whereas relatively high activities were observed in cultures of streptomyces and actinomadura (4-12 u/ml ... | 1991 | 1905513 |
| heat stable proteinase from thermomonospora fusca. characterization as a serine proteinase. | an extracellular proteinase secreted by the thermophilic bacteria thermomonospora fusca yx (yx-proteinase) is a serine proteinase as shown by its inactivation by the site specific reagents, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, dansyl fluoride, and carbobenzoxy-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone. this conclusion is further supported by the effect of various proteinase inhibitors on its activity. the activity of the proteinase toward small synthetic ester substrates shows that the enzyme has a primary ... | 1990 | 2132918 |
| alkaline serine proteinase from thermomonospora fusca yx. stability to heat and denaturants. | the serine proteinase isolated from thermomonospora fusca yx shows considerable thermal stability up to 80 degrees c, and progressive inactivation occurs at higher temperatures. lyotropic salts affected the thermal stability of the enzyme at 85 degrees c, suggesting that disruption of hydrophobic interactions play an important role in the decreased thermal stability of the enzyme above 80 degrees c. thermal stability is highly ph-dependent; above ph 6.0-6.5 there is a sharp decrease in the stabi ... | 1990 | 2396992 |
| transcription of the cele gene in thermomonospora fusca. | the steady-state level of cele mrna (coding for cellulase e5) in thermomonospora fusca yx was measured by northern (rna blot) hybridization under conditions causing induction or repression of cellulase synthesis. a good correlation was found between the mrna level and the level of cellulase e5, suggesting that the t. fusca cele gene is regulated at the level of mrna and, most likely, at the level of transcription. the 5' and 3' ends of the cele gene transcription unit were determined by s1 mappi ... | 1988 | 2457576 |
| cloning of a thermostable alpha-amylase gene from thermomonospora curvata and its expression in streptomyces lividans. | the gene from thermomonospora curvata ccm 3312 coding for thermostable alpha-amylase (tam) has been cloned in streptomyces lividans tk 24 and localized to a 2.6 kb hindiii-bamhi fragment of dna. the data presented here show that the tam gene is expressed at a high level in s. lividans and that the protein is efficiently excreted. | 1989 | 2636261 |
| cloning of a thermomonospora fusca xylanase gene and its expression in escherichia coli and streptomyces lividans. | thermomonospora fusca chromosomal dna was partially digested with ecori to obtain 4- to 14-kilobase fragments, which were used to construct a library of recombinant phage by ligation with ecori arms of lambda gtwes. lambda b. a recombinant phage coding for xylanase activity which contained a 14-kilobase insert was identified. the xylanase gene was localized to a 2.1-kilobase sali fragment of the ecori insert by subcloning onto pbr322 and derivatives of pbr322 that can also replicate in streptomy ... | 1989 | 2656632 |
| sch 38519, a novel platelet aggregation inhibitor produced by a thermomonospora sp. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties, structure and biological properties. | the complex containing a new platelet aggregation inhibitor, sch 38519, was recovered from the fermentation filtrate of thermomonospora sp. scc 1793. a chemically defined medium was developed which favored the production of sch 38519. the antibiotic was isolated from the fermentation filtrate by absorption on macroreticular resin and further purified by ion exchange chromatography and reverse phase hplc. sch 38519 is an isochromanequinone structurally related to medermycin, lactoquinomycin and g ... | 1989 | 2753813 |
| cloning of thermomonospora fusca genes coding for beta 1-4 endoglucanases e1, e2 and e5. | thermomonospora fusca chromosomal dna was partially digested with ecori and fragments in the size range from 4 to 15 kb were isolated, ligated into lambda gtwes.lambda b arms, packaged, and the recombinant phages plated on escherichia coli. the plaques were screened for carboxymethyl cellulase (cmcase) activity by a gel overlay procedure, and 25 plaques were positive among the 15,000 plaques that were screened. positive phages were amplified and used to prepare infected e. coli extracts which we ... | 1988 | 2976013 |
| cyclic amp phosphodiesterase in thermomonospora curvata. | cyclic amp phosphodiesterase (pde; ec 3.1.4.17) in thermomonospora curvata was purified and characterized. fractionation of cell extracts by ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography revealed four pde isozymes, which differed markedly in molecular weight, theophylline sensitivity, ph optima, and substrate affinity. although the enzyme was labile after purification, total recovery of pde activity was fivefold that of the crude extract. pde biosynthesis appeared sensitive to the growth phase, ... | 1987 | 3032914 |
| identification of a cele-binding protein and its potential role in induction of the cele gene in thermomonospora fusca. | thermomonospora fusca cellulase e5 is encoded by the cele gene. this gene appears to be regulated at the transcriptional level by both induction and repression, and three putative closely linked promoters have been located by s1 mapping. to study its regulatory mechanism, a gel retardation assay was used to identify a protein in t. fusca cell extracts that interacted specifically with the dna fragment containing the cele promoters. it was found that the binding activity appeared only when cellul ... | 1988 | 3410818 |
| purification and characterization of the heat-stable serine proteinase from thermomonospora fusca yx. | the proteinase secreted from thermomonospora fusca yx grown on cellulose was purified by (nh4)2so4 fractionation and cation-exchange chromatography. the isolated proteinase readily hydrolysed several proteins and demonstrated activity towards casein from 35 to 95 degrees c (at ph 8.0) with maximum activity at 80 degrees c. it exhibited broad ph and ionic-strength optima centered at ph 9.0 and 0.2 m-nacl respectively, and it retained high activity in the presence of 2% (w/v) sds, 20 mm-dithiothre ... | 1987 | 3479979 |
| inducible thermoalkalophilic polygalacturonate lyase from thermomonospora fusca. | a thermostable polygalacturonate lyase (pl; ec 4.2.2.2) was secreted by thermomonospora fusca during stationary phase in pectin-mineral salts medium at 52 degrees c. biosynthesis was induced by addition of pectic substances to cultures growing on glucose or cellulose but not cellobiose; the disaccharide repressed enzyme synthesis and triggered inactivation of enzyme previously secreted. the pl, purified to electrophoretic and serologic homogeneity, had a molecular size of 56 kilodaltons and an i ... | 1987 | 3584069 |
| phage-like particles from a lysogenic thermomonospora. | | 1969 | 4194684 |
| [study of thermomonospora curvata henssen, 1957]. | | 1973 | 4754348 |
| growth of thermomonospora fusca on lignocellulosic pulps of varying lignin content. | | 1974 | 4837581 |
| cellulase production by thermomonospora curvata isolated from municipal solid waste compost. | a cellulolytic, thermophilic actinomycete (previously isolated from municipal refuse compost samples) was identified as thermomonospora curvata. a determination was made of the optimal conditions for cellulase production by t. curvata when grown at 55 c in a medium containing mineral salts, cellulose, and yeast extract. the ph and temperature optima (ph 6.0 and 65 c) for the cellulase produced by t. curvata were identical to those previously observed for the cellulase extracted from crude compos ... | 1971 | 4938097 |
| cellulases of thermomonospora fusca and streptomyces thermodiastaticus. | the cellulases of streptomyces thermodiastaticus (strain 2sts) and thermomonospora fusca (strain 190th) were produced with carboxymethyl-cellulose (cmc) serving as the carbon source during growth. both cellulases act by random internal hydrolysis of the cmc chain, producing cellobiose, glucose, and intermediate length oligosaccharides. cellobiase was not detected in culture filtrates produced under these conditions. | 1972 | 5057369 |
| cellulolytic activity of thermomonospora curvata: nutritional requirments for cellulase production. | the use of a minimal medium for cellulase (c(1) and c(x)) production by thermomonospora curvata increased extracellular c(1) activity (measured by rate of cotton fiber hydrolysis) 11-fold compared with the previously used yeast extract medium. ground cotton fibers supported the highest cellulase production when compared to other soluble and insoluble carbohydrate sources. maximal cellulase production occurred at 45 c, slightly less at 55 c, and was insignificant at 65 c (the highest temperature ... | 1972 | 5057374 |
| cellulolytic activity of thermomonospora curvata: optimal assay conditions, partial purification, and product of the cellulase. | thermomonospora curvata produces cellulases active against both cotton fibers (designated c(1) activity) and carboxymethylcellulose (c(x) activity). in reaction systems employing optimal substrate concentration, ph, and temperature, hydrolysis rates (measured by the release of soluble reducing sugars) were initially linear and decreased on prolonged incubation, although only a small amount of substrate (1 to 2%) had been hydrolyzed. persistence of this lower rate, even after addition of fresh en ... | 1972 | 5057375 |
| purification and properties of proteolytic enzymes from thermophilic actinomycetes. | the enzymes isolated from two selected cultures of thermophilic actinomycetes-thermomonospora fusca (a 29) and thermoactinomyces vulgaris (a 60)-possess proteolytic activity. the enzymes were purified more than 35- to 40-fold and showed three bands each upon cellulose acetate electrophoresis at several ph values. based upon sephadex gel filtration, molecular weights of 21,500 and 23,800 were calculated for the active peaks of the enzymes. the purified enzymes lysed heat-killed cells of gram-posi ... | 1969 | 5344092 |
| reassociation of deoxyribonucleic acids from actinoplanes and other actinomycetes. | the ability of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) isolated from a number of actinomycetes to reassociate with reference dna from actinoplanes philippinensis or streptomyces venezuelae has been measured. all of the dna preparations except for those from nocardia erythropolis and thermomonospora viridis contained 70 to 73 moles per cent guanine and cytosine. dna from two species of actinoplanes, two species of dactylosporangium, and ampullariella digitata formed extensive thermally stable duplexes with t ... | 1970 | 5437730 |
| cyclic amp levels during induction and repression of cellulase biosynthesis in thermomonospora curvata. | specific cellulase production rates (scpr) were compared with intracellular cyclic amp (camp) levels in the thermophilic actinomycete, thermomonospora curvata, during growth on several carbon sources in a chemically defined medium. scpr and camp levels were 0.03 u (endoglucanase [eg] units) and 2 pmol per mg of dry cells, respectively, during exponential growth on glucose. these values increased to about 6 and 25, respectively, during growth on cellulose. detectable eg production ceased when cam ... | 1984 | 6094497 |
| cellulase biosynthesis in a catabolite repression-resistant mutant of thermomonospora curvata. | a catabolite repression-resistant mutant of the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora curvata was obtained by treatment with ethyl methanesulfonate and uv light. cellulase biosynthesis was undiminished by glucose, 2-deoxyglucose, or alpha-methyl glucoside, which are potent repressors in the wild type. intracellular cyclic amp levels were higher in the mutant in both the absence and the presence of repressors. | 1984 | 6320722 |
| effect of various compounds on enkephalin hydrolysis by an aminopeptidase from the thermophiles thermomonospora fusca atcc 27730 and thermus thermophilus atcc 27634. | the microbial peptides amastatin and bestatin as well as several dipeptide analogues of the latter exerted little or no inhibitory effect on enkephalin hydrolysis by an aminopeptidase purified from the thermophiles thermomonospora fusca, atcc 27730 (tf) and thermus thermophilus, atcc 27634 (tt). the enzyme catalyzes the cleavage of the tyrosyl-glycyl bond of leucine- and methionine-enkephalin. intermediate compounds having the same amino acid sequence as the parent substrate disclosed that the r ... | 1983 | 6622827 |
| comparison of methods for isolation and enumeration of thermophilic actinomycetes from dust. | thermophilic actinomycetes are the primary sensitizing agents in farmer's lung disease. we compared dilution pour-plate and spread-plate methods for their usefulness in enumerating thermophilic actinomycetes in moldy silage dust and evaluated the ability of a nonquantitative gravity settling technique to recover thermophilic actinomycetes from moldy silage. spread plates and pour plates yielded similar estimates of total thermophiles. higher counts were observed on spread plates (p less than 0.0 ... | 1982 | 6761363 |
| [non-steady state kinetics for action of a multienzyme cellulase system toward insoluble cellulose]. | a kinetic theory for multienzyme cellulase systems in non-steady state conditions (in relation to intermediate metabolites) of hydrolysis of insoluble cellulose has been developed. to verify the kinetic regularities obtained the action of 12 different cellulases from the fungi trichoderma, geotrichum and aspergillus as well as from bacterial cells thermomonospora sp. and rapidase preparation has been studied with respect to ball milled cotton linters and microcrystalline cellulose. the experimen ... | 1982 | 7066427 |
| numerical classification of sporoactinomycetes containing meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall. | one hundred and thirty actinomycetes representing 19 genera and 50 species were compared in a numerical phenetic survey using 108 unit characters. data were examined using the simple matching (ssm), jaccard (sj) and pattern (dp) coefficients and clustering was achieved using both the single and unweighted pair group average algorithms. cluster composition was barely affected by the statistics used or by test error, estimated at 2.1%. over 80% of the strains were assigned to 2 clusters containing ... | 1982 | 7077300 |
| the microbiology of spent mushroom compost and its dust. | microorganisms in spent steamed mushroom compost and its dust were enumerated, and identified. some phase ii (indoor composting) compost samples were also examined. steaming of spent compost resulted in a 70-76% reduction in microbial numbers. total counts made with compost fusion agar were approximately two logs greater than those for nutrient agar. the most common bacterial isolate was bacillus licheniformis. the most common actinomycete isolates were streptomyces diastaticus and thermoactinom ... | 1981 | 7197578 |
| purification and characterization of the major beta-1,4-endoglucanase from thermomonospora curvata. | the major beta-1,4-endoglucanase (eg) of the thermophilic actinomycete, thermomonospora curvata, contributed over 80% of the total eg activity recovered from cell-free culture fluid after growth on cellulose. the enzyme was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by ammonium sulphate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography and size exclusion hplc. this monomeric enzyme had a specific activity of 750 iu mg(-1) when assayed with 2.5% (w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) at 70 degrees c, ph 6.0. ... | 1995 | 7592138 |
| characterization of a novel non-haem-containing extracellular peroxidase from thermomonospora fusca. | | 1995 | 7672297 |
| nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the celd beta-glucanase gene from ruminococcus flavefaciens fd-1. | the nucleotide sequence of the celd gene, which encodes endoglucanase and xylanase activity, from ruminococcus flavefaciens fd-1 was determined. the dna sequence of celd contains an open reading frame of 1215 nucleotides that encodes a polypeptide of 405 amino acids with a molecular mass of 44,631 da. the primary amino acid sequence of celd was screened against the genbank data base for similar polypeptide sequences and the analysis indicated that celd has common features with endoglucanases fro ... | 1995 | 7728654 |
| the high maltose-producing alpha-amylase of the thermophilic actinomycete, thermomonospora curvata. | the alpha-amylase of thermomonospora curvata catalyses the formation of very high levels of maltose from starch (73%, w/w) without the attendant production of glucose. the enzyme was produced extracellularly in high yield during batch fermentation in a 5-1 fermentor. purification was achieved by ammonium sulphate fractionation, superose-12 gel filtration and deae-sephacel ion-exchange chromatography. the enzyme exhibited maxima for activity at ph 6.0 and 65 degrees c, had a relative molecular ma ... | 1993 | 7763549 |
| is the solubilized product from the degradation of lignocellulose by actinomycetes a precursor of humic substances? | three actinomycetes (streptomyces sp. ec22, streptomyces viridosporus t7a and thermomonospora fusca bd25) were assessed for their ability to degrade ball-milled wheat straw. all gave maximum levels of solubilized lignocellulose products (appl) at the beginning of the stationary phase of growth (72-96 h). low-molecular-mass aromatic compounds extracted from the appl were analysed by reverse-phase and gas chromatography. although the number of chromatographic peaks detected made identification of ... | 1994 | 7812454 |
| enhancement of the endo-beta-1,4-glucanase activity of an exocellobiohydrolase by deletion of a surface loop. | in the commonly accepted mechanism for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose, endo-beta-1,4-glucanases randomly cleave glucosidic bonds within glucan polymers, providing sites for attack by exo-cellobiohydrolases (ec 3.2.1.91). it has been proposed that hydrolysis by trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase ii is restricted to the ends of cellulose polymers because two surface loops cover its active site to form a tunnel. in a closely related endoglucanase, e2 from thermomonospora fusca, access to the s ... | 1995 | 7876202 |
| characterization of a thermomonospora fusca exocellulase. | the exocellulase e3 gene was cloned on a 7.1 kb noti fragment from thermomonospora fusca genomic dna into escherichia coli and expressed in streptomyces lividans. the e3 gene was sequenced and encoded a 596 residue peptide. the molecular masses of the native and cloned e3s were determined by mass spectrometry, and the value for e. coli e3, 59,797 da, agreed well with that predicted from the dna sequence, 59,646 da. the value of 61,200 da for t. fusca e3 is consistent with e3 being a glycoprotein ... | 1995 | 7880834 |
| phylogenetic diversity in the genus bacillus and comparative ribosomal protein at-l30 analyses of the genus thermoactinomyces and relatives. | the ribosomal l30 proteins from strains of 27 species belonging to the genera bacillus, escherichia, staphylococcus, lactobacillus, leuconostoc and thermoactinomyces were analysed, together with at-l30 proteins from selected actinomycetes. the results of partial amino acid sequencing of l30 preparations revealed that the members of the genera escherichia, staphylococcus and thermoactinomyces were homogeneous within each genus. in contrast, phylogenetic diversity existed in the genus bacillus, wh ... | 1994 | 7921265 |
| sequence similarities and evolutionary relationships of microbial, plant and animal alpha-amylases. | amino acid sequence comparison of 37 alpha-amylases from microbial, plant and animal sources was performed to identify their mutual sequence similarities in addition to the five already described conserved regions. these sequence regions were examined from structure/function and evolutionary perspectives. an unrooted evolutionary tree of alpha-amylases was constructed on a subset of 55 residues from the alignment of sequence similarities along with conserved regions. the most important new infor ... | 1994 | 7925367 |
| occurrence of thermophilic actinomycetes in natural substrates in nigeria. | thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from 163 (48.95%) of 333 samples of vegetable substrates and soil from different sites in anambra and enugu states in nigeria. thermoactinomyces (tha.) vulgaris was the most common, occurring in 32.4% of samples while tha. thalpophilus was isolated from 20.1%. tha. sacchari, saccharomonospora (sam.) viridis and saccharopolyspora (sap.) rectivirgula were isolated from 3-10.5% of the samples examined. streptomyces (stm.) thermovulgaris occurred in 2.7% and ... | 1994 | 8060118 |
| characterization and sequence of a thermomonospora fusca xylanase. | tfxa is a thermostable xylanase produced by the thermophilic soil bacterium thermomonospora fusca. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant of streptomyces lividans transformed by plasmid pgg92, which carries the gene for tfxa, xyna. the molecular mass of tfxa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is 32 kda. tfxa is extremely stable, retaining 96% of its activity after 18 h at 75 degrees c. it has a broad ph optimum around ph 7 and retains 80% of ... | 1994 | 8161173 |
| isolation of dna-dependent rna polymerase from the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora curvata. | dna-dependent rna polymerase (ec 2.7.7.6) was isolated from thermomonospora curvata. the purification steps included precipitation with polymin p, elution of the precipitate with 0.3 mol/l kcl, precipitation with ammonium sulfate, affinity chromatography on heparin-agarose and molecular filtration on biogel a 1.5 m. | 1994 | 8181783 |
| dna sequences and expression in streptomyces lividans of an exoglucanase gene and an endoglucanase gene from thermomonospora fusca. | two genes encoding cellulases e1 and e4 from thermomonospora fusca have been cloned in escherichia coli, and their dna sequences have been determined. both genes were introduced into streptomyces lividans, and the enzymes were purified from the culture supernatants of transformants. e1 and e4 were expressed 18- and 4-fold higher, respectively, in s. lividans than in e. coli. thin-layer chromatography of digestion products showed that e1 digests cellotriose, cellotetraose, and cellopentaose to ce ... | 1993 | 8215374 |
| mushroom worker's lung: serologic reactions to thermophilic actinomycetes present in the air of compost tunnels. | vast numbers of spores of the thermophilic actinomycetes excellospora flexuosa, thermomonospora alba, t. curvata and t. fusca were collected from the air in fermentation tunnels during the spawning of mushroom compost, i.e. over 10(9) cfu m-3 of air. five different genera of fungi, namely, aspergillus, aureobasidium, cladosporium, penicillium and scytalidium, were found at only 10(3) cfu m-3 of air. agaricus bisporus, used for spawning, was absent. sera of 10 mushroom growers affected by mushroo ... | 1993 | 8326995 |
| dimerization of thermomonospora fusca beta-1,4-endoglucanase e2. | unboiled thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase e2 electrophoresed on sds-polyacrylamide gels migrated in the range of 80-90 kda, but when boiled it migrated in the 40-42-kda range. sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation as well as chemical cross-linking experiments confirmed that e2 is a dimer. the dimer was reversibly dissociated at low ph. the e2 dimer was stable up to 70 degrees c, but began to dissociate at this temperature after a 30-60-min incubation. a nondimerizing mutant was obtained us ... | 1993 | 8347613 |
| disulfide arrangement and chemical modification of beta-1,4-endoglucanase e2 from thermomonospora fusca. | thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase e2 contains six cysteine residues scattered along the protein sequence. four of the cysteine residues were shown to participate in two disulfide bonds while the last two form a third disulfide bond. neither full reduction of the disulfides nor complete carboxymethylation of all six cysteines totally destroys enzymatic activity, but the activity of the reduced enzyme is much lower than the native enzyme and the iodoacetamide-modified enzyme has very low activit ... | 1993 | 8347614 |
| disulfide arrangement and functional domains of beta-1,4-endoglucanse e5 from thermomonospora fusca. | thermomonospora fusca cellulase e5 contains six cysteine residues. the number and location of the disulfide bonds and the effect of reduction of the disulfides and modification of the resulting half-cystine residues on enzymatic activity were determined. no free sulfhydryl groups were found in e5. reduction and subsequent labeling with iodoacetamide of e5 and of an enzymatically active 32-kda proteolytic derivative of e5 (e5cd) showed that one of the three disulfides is accessible to reduction u ... | 1993 | 8347615 |
| crystal structure of the catalytic domain of a thermophilic endocellulase. | one way to improve the economic feasibility of biomass conversion is to enhance the catalytic efficiency of cellulases through protein engineering. this requires that high-resolution structures of cellulases be available. here we present the structure of e2cd, the catalytic domain of the thermophilic endocellulase e2 from thermomonospora fusca, as determined by x-ray crystallography. the structure was solved by multiple isomorphous replacement at 2.6-a resolution and has been refined at 1.8-a re ... | 1993 | 8399160 |
| use of bacteriophage for the selective isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes from composted eucalyptus bark. | a method was developed to reduce the numbers of thermophilic bacteria on isolation plates, which in turn facilitated the detection and isolation of thermophilic actinomycetes. the method involves exposing the test material to bacteriophage suspensions prior to inoculation on isolation plates. this method was applied to composted eucalyptus bark samples, which were then inoculated on r8 and 1/2 tsa + 0.2% casein hydrolysate agar plates. the phage susceptibility of thermophilic bacteria provided a ... | 1993 | 8439873 |
| identification of two functionally different classes of exocellulases. | there are two classes of synergism in cellulase mixtures: synergism between endocellulases and exocellulases, and synergism between certain exocellulases. exocellulases have been defined traditionally as releasing cellobiose from the nonreducing ends of cellulose, but this definition is inadequate to explain exo/exo synergism. several recent reports indicate that some exocellulases are capable of hydrolyzing cellulose from the reducing end. the existence of two exocellulase classes with differen ... | 1996 | 8555231 |
| use of a modified bacteroides-prevotella shuttle vector to transfer a reconstructed beta-1,4-d-endoglucanase gene into bacteroides uniformis and prevotella ruminicola b(1)4. | a carboxymethyl cellulase (cmcase) gene from prevotella ruminicola b(1)4 was reconstructed by adding a cellulose binding domain from a thermomonospora fusca cellulase and was conjugally transferred from escherichia coli to bacteroides uniformis 0061 by using a chloramphenicol and tetracycline resistance shuttle vector (ptc-cow). ptc-cow was specifically constructed to facilitate conjugal transfer of vectors from b. uniformis donors to p. ruminicola recipients. b. uniformis transconjugants contai ... | 1996 | 8572695 |
| a deduced thermomonospora curvata protein containing serine/threonine protein kinase and wd-repeat domains. | the gene pkwa coding for a typical wd-repeat protein was found in the chromosome of the bacterium thermomonospora curvata ccm 3352. until now wd-repeat proteins were through to be confined to eukaryotes. | 1996 | 8631732 |
| conformational modeling of substrate binding to endocellulase e2 from thermomonospora fusca. | molecular mechanics calculations have been used to place a cellotetraose substrate into the active site of the crystallographically determined structure of endocellulase e2 from thermomonospora fusca. in the lowest energy model structure, the second residue of the substrate oligosaccharide is tilted away from the planar ribbon geometry of cellulose as it is in the x-ray structure of the e2cd-cellobiose co-crystal. this tilt is the result of the topology of the binding site, and results in severa ... | 1995 | 8819980 |
| the genus nocardiopsis represents a phylogenetically coherent taxon and a distinct actinomycete lineage: proposal of nocardiopsaceae fam. nov. | the genus nocardiopsis was shown to be phylogenetically coherent and to represent a distinct lineage within the radiation of the order actinomycetales. the closest relatives of the genus nocardiopsis are members of the genera actinomadura, thermomonospora, streptosporangium, and microtetraspora. the intrageneric structure of the genus nocardiopsis is shown to consist of a highly related species group containing nocardiopsis dassonvillei, nocardiopsis alborubida, and nocardiopsis antarctica and a ... | 1996 | 8863440 |
| production of extracellular lignocellulose degrading enzymes by thermomonospora fusca bd25. | | 1996 | 8878922 |
| redox reaction of the novel non-haem glycosylated peroxidases from thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora fusca bd25. | | 1996 | 8878999 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of a thermomonospora fusca protease gene in streptomyces lividans. | the major thermomonospora fusca yx extracellular protease gene (tfpa) was cloned into escherichia coli and streptomyces lividans and was sequenced. the open reading frame encoded 375 residues, including a 31-residue potential signal sequence, an n-terminal prosequence containing 150 residues, and the 194-residue mature protease that belongs to the chymotrypsin family. the protease was secreted by s. lividans, but evidence suggested that it was bound to an extracellular protease inhibitor. an inh ... | 1996 | 8900021 |
| the detection and quantification of novel non-haem extracellular glycosylated peroxidases produced by the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora fusca bd25 by means of page-zymogram. | | 1997 | 9056935 |
| catalytic mechanism of the novel non-haem iron containing peroxidase produced by the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora fusca bd25. | | 1997 | 9056962 |
| optimisation of production of extracellular non-haem peroxidases by thermomonospora fusca bd25 in aerobic bio-reactor conditions. | | 1997 | 9056963 |
| specificity of amylases and cyclodextrin-glucanotransferase in reactions with 2-deoxy-maltooligosaccharides. | 2-deoxy-maltooligosaccharides of different chain length were tested as substrates for exo- and endo-amylases. cleavage occurred with beta-amylase, yielding 2,2'-dideoxy-maltose, and with amyloglucosidase. with the alpha-amylase from thermomonospora curvata tris-(2-deoxy)-maltotriose and the corresponding tetra- and pentasaccharides were formed. porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase did not tolerate the deoxygenated substrate, nor were cyclization experiments with cyclodextrin-glucanotransferase (cgt) ... | 1997 | 9203340 |
| cloning, expression in streptomyces lividans and biochemical characterization of a thermostable endo-beta-1,4-xylanase of thermomonospora alba uljb1 with cellulose-binding ability. | several thermophilic actinomycetes were isolated from urban solid waste. one of them, thermomonospora alba uljb1, showed a broad degradative activity on xylan, cellulose, starch and other polymers. xylanase and cellulase activities were quantified and compared with those thermomonospora fusca. genes encoding two different endo-beta-1,4-xylanase were cloned from t. alba uljb1. one of them, xyla, was sequenced, subcloned and overexpressed in streptomyces lividans. it encodes a protein of 482 amino ... | 1997 | 9299779 |
| structure and mechanism of endo/exocellulase e4 from thermomonospora fusca. | cellulase e4 from thermomonospora fusca is unusual in that it has characteristics of both exo- and endo-cellulases. here we report the crystal structure of a 68k m(r) fragment of e4 (e4-68) at 1.9 a resolution. e4-68 contains both a family 9 catalytic domain, exhibiting an (alpha/alpha)6 barrel fold, and a family iii cellulose binding domain, having an antiparallel beta-sandwich fold. while neither of these folds is novel, e4-68 provides the first cellulase structure having interacting catalytic ... | 1997 | 9334746 |
| surface residue mutations which change the substrate specificity of thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase e2. | the three dimensional structure of a t. fusca endoglucanase catalytic domain (e2cd) has been determined by x-ray crystallography at 1.0 a resolution (wilson et al., 1995). the availability of a high resolution structure for e2cd allows us to initiate structure-based efforts to engineer cellulases with a high activity on native cellulose. the low activity on crystalline cellulose suggests that the entry of a cellulose molecule into the active site rather than catalysis may be the rate limiting st ... | 1997 | 9335169 |
| roles of the catalytic domain and two cellulose binding domains of thermomonospora fusca e4 in cellulose hydrolysis. | thermomonospora fusca e4 is an unusual 90.4-kda endocellulase comprised of a catalytic domain (cd), an internal family iiic cellulose binding domain (cbd), a fibronectinlike domain, and a family ii cbd. constructs containing the cd alone (e4-51), the cd plus the family iiic cbd (e4-68), and the cd plus the fibronectinlike domain plus the family ii cbd (e4-74) were made by using recombinant dna techniques. the activities of each purified protein on bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (bmcc), fil ... | 1998 | 9537366 |
| biodegradation of aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters by thermomonospora fusca and other thermophilic compost isolates. | random aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters synthesized from 1,4-butanediol, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid (bta) have excellent thermal and mechanical properties and are biodegradable by mixed cultures (e.g., in compost). over 20 bta-degrading strains were isolated by using compost as a microbial source. among these microorganisms, thermophilic actinomycetes obviously play an outstanding role and appear to dominate the initial degradation step. two actinomycete strains exhibited about 20-fold hi ... | 1998 | 9572944 |
| hydrolysis of cellulose using ternary mixtures of purified cellulases. | the saccharification of microcrystalline cellulose by reconstituted ternary mixtures of purified cellulases (one endoglucanase and two cellobiohydrolases) has been studied over the entire range of mixture compositions. ternary plots are used to compare the performance of five synthetic mixtures drawn from the cellulase systems of acidothermus cellulolyticus, trichoderma reesei, thermomonospora fusca, and thermotoga neapolitana. results reveal that at least one synthetic mixture utilizing enzymes ... | 1998 | 9627391 |
| active-site binding of glycosides by thermomonospora fusca endocellulase e2. | the determination of the high-resolution structure of the thermomonospora fusca endocellulase e2 catalytic domain makes it ideal for exploring cellulase structure-function relationships. here we present binding parameters (kd, deltah degrees, and deltas degrees) describing the interaction of e2 with 4-methylumbelliferyl glycosides, determined by titrating the quenching of ligand fluorescence in equilibrium binding experiments. quenched mu(glc)2/e2 complexes were used as indicators in displacemen ... | 1998 | 9649302 |
| regulation of biosynthesis of individual cellulases in thermomonospora fusca. | regulation of the biosynthesis of the six cellulases comprising the cellulolytic system of the thermophilic soil bacterium thermomonospora fusca er1 was studied. the levels of the individual enzymes produced on different noninducing and inducing carbon sources were determined. the lowest level of cellulase synthesis (3 nm) was observed with xylose as a carbon source, and the highest level (247 to 1,670 nm for different enzymes) was found in cultures grown on microcrystalline cellulose. endocellu ... | 1998 | 9657993 |
| reclassification of thermomonospora and microtetraspora. | almost complete 16s rrna sequences from seven thermomonospora strains, thermomonospora curvata, thermomonospora formosensis, thermomonospora fusca, thermomonospora mesophila, thermomonospora chromogena, thermomonospora alba and thermomonospora mesouviformis (a synonym of thermomonospora alba) were determined and subjected to phylogenetic analysis together with the sequences from all the representative members of the suborder streptosporangineae. on the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and p ... | 1998 | 9731279 |
| high-resolution native and complex structures of thermostable beta-mannanase from thermomonospora fusca - substrate specificity in glycosyl hydrolase family 5. | . beta-mannanases hydrolyse the o-glycosidic bonds in mannan, a hemicellulose constituent of plants. these enzymes have potential use in pulp and paper production and are of significant biotechnological interest. thermostable beta-mannanases would be particularly useful due to their high temperature optimum and broad ph tolerance. the thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora fusca secretes at least one beta-mannanase (molecular mass 38 kda) with a temperature optimum of 80 degreesc. no three-di ... | 1998 | 9817845 |
| topostatin, a novel inhibitor of topoisomerases i and ii produced by thermomonospora alba strain no. 1520. i. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities. | a novel inhibitor of topoisomerases designated as topostatin was isolated from the culture filtrate of thermomonospora alba strain no. 1520. topostatin inhibited the relaxation of supercoiled pbr322 dna by calf thymus topoisomerase i, and also inhibited the relaxation of supercoiled pbr322 dna and decatenation of kinetoplast dna by human placenta topoisomerase ii. topostatin had neither ability to stabilize the cleavable complex nor ability to intercalate into dna strands. the inhibitor exhibite ... | 1998 | 9918391 |
| topostatin, a novel inhibitor of topoisomerases i and ii produced by thermomonospora alba strain no. 1520. ii. physico-chemical properties and structure elucidation. | topostatin is a new topoisomerase inhibitor isolated from the culture filtrate of thermononospora alba strain no. 1520. the inhibitor inhibits topoisomerases i and ii, and it has neither ability to stabilize the cleavable complex nor ability to intercalate into dna strands. the molecular formula of topostatin was determined as c36h58n4o11s based on the fab-ms analyses, and the structure was elucidated to be a novel 14-membered ring containing peptide and terpenoid by various nmr spectroscopies. | 1998 | 9918392 |
| comparing the thermodynamic stabilities of a related thermophilic and mesophilic enzyme. | several models have been proposed to explain the high temperatures required to denature enzymes from thermophilic organisms; some involve greater maximum thermodynamic stability for the thermophile, and others do not. to test these models, we reversibly melted two analogous protein domains in a two-state manner. e2cd is the isolated catalytic domain of cellulase e2 from the thermophile thermomonospora fusca. cenap30 is the analogous domain of the cellulase cena from the mesophile cellulomonas fi ... | 1999 | 10029552 |
| factorial optimization of a six-cellulase mixture | a factorial experimental design approach was used to optimize mixtures of six cellulases (five thermomonospora fusca cellulases and plus/minus trichoderma reesei cbhi along with beta-glucosidase) so as to maximize the glucose produced from filter paper. optimized mixture a and mixture b produced glucose at 25 and 8.3 μmol glucose/μmol enzyme/min, respectively, which are 8 and 1.5 times higher than the sum of the activity of the individual cellulases. in both mixtures, the glucose yield depended ... | 1998 | 10099285 |
| fed-batch production of thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase by recombinant streptomyces lividans | the factors affecting the production of a thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase by a recombinant streptomyces lividans strain were studied in a fermentor with glucose addition controlled by a ph-stat. the recombinant plasmid was stable for 35 generations with constant endoglucanase productivity. glucose and peptone were used as the carbon and nitrogen sources. addition of tween-80 increased endoglucanase production twofold. a significant decrease in endoglucanase production was observed at low aer ... | 1998 | 10099407 |
| characterization and cloning of celr, a transcriptional regulator of cellulase genes from thermomonospora fusca. | celr, a protein that regulates transcription of cellulase genes in thermomonospora fusca (actinomycetaceae) was purified to homogeneity. a 6-kilobase noti-saci fragment of t. fusca dna containing the celr gene was cloned into esherichia coli and sequenced. the celr gene encodes a 340-residue polypeptide that is highly homologous to members of the galr-laci family of bacterial transcriptional regulators. celr specifically binds to a 14-base pair inverted repeat, which has sequence similarity to t ... | 1999 | 10224066 |
| mechanistic studies of active site mutants of thermomonospora fusca endocellulase e2. | endocellulase e2 from the thermophilic bacterium thermomonospora fusca is a member of glycosyl-hydrolase family 6 and is active from ph 4 to 10. enzymes in this family hydrolyze beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds with inversion of the stereochemistry at the anomeric carbon. the x-ray crystal structures of two family 6 enzymes have been determined, and four conserved aspartic acid residues are found in or near the active sites of both. these residues have been mutated in another family 6 enzyme, cellulomo ... | 1999 | 10423254 |
| distinct types of rrna operons exist in the genome of the actinomycete thermomonospora chromogena and evidence for horizontal transfer of an entire rrna operon. | we describe here the presence of two distinct types of rrna operons in the genome of a thermophilic actinomycete thermomonospora chromogena. the genome of t. chromogena contains six rrna operons (rrn), of which four complete and two incomplete ones were cloned and sequenced. comparative analysis revealed that the operon rrnb exhibits high levels of sequence variations to the other five nearly identical ones throughout the entire length of the operon. the coding sequences for the 16s and 23s rrna ... | 1999 | 10464188 |
| topostatin, a novel inhibitor of topoisomerases i and ii produced by thermomonospora alba strain no. 1520. iii. inhibitory properties. | a novel inhibitor of topoisomerases designated as topostatin was isolated from the culture filtrate of thermomonospora alba strain no. 1520. the inhibitory activity of topostatin was shown to be ph- and temperature-dependent with a maximum around at ph 6 and 28 degrees c. the stability of topostatin decreased with decreasing ph and rising temperature. topostatin inhibited topoisomerases i and ii in a competitive manner with respect to dna. the inhibitor also inhibited some restriction endonuclea ... | 1999 | 10480569 |
| the electron paramagnetic resonance characterisation of a copper-containing extracellular peroxidase from thermomonospora fusca bd25. | the actinomycete thermomonospora fusca bd25 contains a peroxidase with a high activity over a broad range of temperature and ph and a high stability against denaturing agents. unusually this peroxidase (po) is a non-haem enzyme. as prepared po is characterised by two electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) signals, detected at liquid helium temperature, a free radical signal (g=2.0045) and a broad signal at g=2.056. the peroxidase activity of the purified enzyme was assayed using h(2)o(2) and 2,4- ... | 1999 | 10556561 |
| substrate heterogeneity causes the nonlinear kinetics of insoluble cellulose hydrolysis. | nonlinear kinetics are commonly observed in the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. this nonlinearity could be explained by any or all of the following three factors: enzyme inactivation, product inhibition, or substrate heterogeneity. in this study, four different approaches were applied to test the above hypotheses using two thermomonospora fusca endocellulases, e2 and e5. the lack of stimulation of cellulase activity by beta-glucosidase rules out the possibility of product inhibition as a caus ... | 1999 | 10556792 |
| adsorption of thermomonospora fusca e(5) cellulase on silanized silica. | the adsorption kinetics and dodeceyltrimethylammonium-bromide-mediated elution of thermomonospora fusca e(5) cellulase were recorded in situ, at hydrophobic, silanized silica. experiments were performed at different solution concentrations, ranging from 0.001 to 0.70 mg/ml. plateau values of adsorbed mass generally increased with increasing solution concentration, with the adsorbed layer being only partially eluted by buffer. treatment with surfactant removed more of the adsorbed enzyme in each ... | 2000 | 10581431 |
| the three-dimensional structure of a trichoderma reesei beta-mannanase from glycoside hydrolase family 5. | the crystal structure of the catalytic core domain of beta-mannanase from the fungus trichoderma reesei has been determined at a resolution of 1.5 a. the structure was solved using the anomalous scattering from a single non-isomorphous platinum complex with two heavy-metal sites in space group p2(1). the map computed with the experimental phases was enhanced by the application of an automated model building and refinement procedure using the amplitudes and experimental phases as observations. th ... | 2000 | 10666621 |