| a comparative study of the 'rhodochrous' complex and related taxa by delayed-type skin reactions on guinea pigs and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | cell extracts prepared by ultrasonic disruption of 17 strains of the 'rhodochrous' complex and related taxa were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and for immunologic relatedness, by skin test reactions. two organisms, jensenia canicruria and nocardia calcarea, gave similar gel patterns and skin test reactions, and are considered to be identical. extracts of nocardia rubra showed a strong antigenic relationship with those of three nocardia pellegrino organisms (n325, n324 and n420) ... | 1977 | 70505 |
| isoprenoid quinones in the classification of coryneform and related bacteria. | menaquinones were the only isoprenoid quinones found in 85 of the 95 coryneform bacteria examined. dihydromenaquinones having nine isoprene units were the main components isolated from corynebacterium bovis, from other glutamic acid-producing strains, and from arthrobacter globiformis and related species. dihydromenaquinones with eight isoprene units were found in brevibacterium linens, the remaining corynebacterium species and strains probably belonging to the genus rhodococcus. tetrahydromenaq ... | 1979 | 107269 |
| immunodiffusion studies of ribosomes in classification of mycobacteria and related taxa. | ribosomal preparations consisting of crude ribosomes (cr), 30s subunits (30s) and 16s core particles (16s) from four strains of the species mycobacterium bovis (bcg), mycobacterium fortuitum, mycobacterium phlei and mycobacterium smegmatis were analyzed by immunodiffusion technique for taxonomical purposes. the ribosomal preparations tested contained several interspecies cross-reacting precipitinogens. the number of precipitinogens demonstrated at the homologous reactions was generally larger th ... | 1979 | 109401 |
| differentiation of genera of the coryneform bacteria. | a scheme of the generic structure of the group of coryneform bacteria, including the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, cellulomonas, corynebacterium, and rhodococcus, is suggested. morphological, chemotaxonomic (presence and stereochemical form of diaminopimelic acid, lipid a, and l-arabinose), and physiological features were used as diagnostic criteria. the position of microbacterum and mycococcus and of coryneforms with a nocardial wall but giving a positive hugh-leifson anaerobic test, and ... | 1979 | 121544 |
| corynebacterium equi in human faeces. | | 1979 | 318474 |
| [differentiation among mycobacterium, rhodococcus (gordona) and nocardia by thin-layer chromatography after incubation with acetate-1-14c (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 470298 |
| [classification of bacteria of the genus rhodococcus by numerical taxonomic methods]. | | 1979 | 514099 |
| comparative studies of the strains pa and pn of mycobacterium phlei leading to their reclassification: examination of lipids and dna, biochemical tests and phage typing. | study of lipid and dna, biochemical tests and phage typing performed on the strain pa previously labelled mycobacterium phlei, lead to the conclusion that this strain belongs to the species m. smegmatis. parallel studies performed on strain pn, isolated from a culture of strain pa, as well as dna homology percentage of the two strains, do not support the assumption that strain pn could have resulted from a mutation of strain pa strain pn produces mycolic acids similar to those found in rhodococc ... | 1979 | 539691 |
| differentiation of rhodococcus (gordona) and nocardia by thinlayer chromatography after uptake of [35s]methionine. | | 1978 | 632808 |
| [microorganisms of the genus nocardia and the "rhodochrous" group in the soils of the ukrainian ssr]. | nocardioform bacteria characterized by the iv type of the cell wall and by lipid lcn-a are widely distributed in various soils of the ukrainian ssr. the acetamidase-negative forms of nocardia asteroides were found in 24.4% of soil samples, and the acetamidase-positive forms of this organism, in 4% of soil samples. the "rhodochrous" group was most often represented by the species n. erythropolis and n. rubropertincta, and less often, by nocardia (rhodococcus) rhodochrous, n. opaca and n. flava. t ... | 1978 | 713879 |
| serological study of nocardia pellegrino. | the serological relationship between nocardia pellegrino strains was studied by means of immunodiffusion technique. seven reference precipitation systems, including nocardia asteroides (three strains), n. pellegrino sn 5112, rhodococcus, rhodochrous (two strains) and n. erythropolis were used. with one exception all of the strains of nocardia pellegrino examined, seemed to be serologically related to the reference strain of n. pellegrino sn 5112. they showed 4-5 common precipitates. | 1978 | 749778 |
| dna homology studies on nocardia and rhodococcus strains. | the genetic homogeneity of nocardia amarae, nocardia autotrophica and rhodococcus strains and the relationship among these groups of microorganisms have been studied using the dna reassociation method. strains belonging to n. amarae and n. autotrophica form genetically homogeneous groups. distinct differences have been found out among rhodococcus strains. | 1978 | 749779 |
| the actinomycete-genus rhodococcus: a home for the "rhodochrous" complex. | a numerical taxonomic classification study was carried out on 177 strains representing the "rhodochrous" complex and the genera gordona, mycobacterium and nocardia. the strains were examined for 92 unit characters and the data were analysed by computer. three clusters were defined at the 75 to 80% similarity level. the first was a heterogeneous cluster corresponding to the "rhodochrous" taxon whereas the other two contained mycobacterium and nocardia strains respectively. the good correlation be ... | 1977 | 874450 |
| purification and characterization of ceqi restriction endonuclease. | ceqi, a type ii restriction endonuclease, an isoschizomer of ecorv was purified to apparent homogeneity by a combination of salt precipitation, ion exchange, dye affinity and hydrophobic interaction chromatographies. the crude enzyme was present in the form of large aggregates that could be pelleted by high speed centrifugation. the enzyme was not associated with cellular membranes, though non-ionic detergents lowered the apparent size of the aggregates. the purified enzyme also showed a tendenc ... | 1992 | 1285828 |
| [aerobic actinomycetes and their significance in human and animal pathology. i. actinomycetales infections--characteristics, etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis]. | aerobic actinomycetes causing nocardiosis, grt-(gordona, rhodococcus, tsukamurella) infections, actinomycetomas, dermatophilosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis, including etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of the diseases are described. the name "actinomycetosis" for all these diseases has been proposed. many clinical important and potential pathogens, as well as an increasing number of opportunistic, immunosuppressed and immunocompromised cases are discussed. a review of the abundant li ... | 1992 | 1293579 |
| [the effect of physicochemical environmental factors on the growth of gram-positive bacterial dissociants]. | the growth of r-, s- and m (g)-dissociants of streptococcus lactis, bacillus coagulans, rhodococcus rubropertinctus under the action of some physico-chemical factors: temperature, ph, ultraviolet (uv) rays, high concentration of nacl and storage have been compared. r-variants gain selective advantage under the influence of uv-irradiation, high temperature and storage; s-variants--at decreasing of active ph of medium; m (g)-variants--at decreasing of growth temperature, high values of ph, increas ... | 1992 | 1302518 |
| photosensitive nitrile hydratase from rhodococcus sp. n-771. structure and function of the enzyme. | | 1992 | 1335711 |
| role of t-lymphocyte subsets in rhodococcus equi infection. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular gram-positive bacterium, can induce life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those with aids. we have studied the mechanism of acquired immunity to this pathogen in a murine model. protective immunity was induced by live but not killed bacteria. adoptive transfer of resistance was obtained with spleen cells but not immune serum from mice immunized intravenously 30 days earlier with live bacteria. in normal mice, an intrav ... | 1992 | 1351881 |
| microbial glycolipid production under nitrogen limitation and resting cell conditions. | rhodococcus erythropolis is able to synthesize an anionic trehalose-2,2',3,4-tetraester during cultivation on n-alkanes. preconditions for an overproduction are nitrogen limitation, temperature- and ph-shift. the optimum carbon source was technical grade n-c-10, which led to 0.35 g g-1 of glycolipid per n-alkane. electron microscopical observations showed that n-c-14,15 (technical grade) grown cells contained numerous lipid inclusions in contrast to n-c-10 (technical grade) grown cells. nocardia ... | 1990 | 1366361 |
| aryl acylamidase from rhodococcus erythropolis ncib 12273. | a rhodococcus erythropolis strain was isolated from soil on the basis of its ability to use acetaminophen as the sole source of both carbon and energy for growth. when grown in a complex medium containing an anilide inducer compound, the bacterium exhibited aryl acylamidase (ec 3.5.1.13) activity. this activity was not subject to carbon or nitrogen repression by the growth medium constituents as the enzyme was present throughout the exponential growth phase. the anilide was converted to the corr ... | 1990 | 1366973 |
| degradation of 3,4-dichloroaniline in synthetic and industrially produced wastewaters by mixed cultures freely suspended and immobilized in a packed-bed reactor. | degradation of 3,4-dichloroaniline (34dca) in aqueous solution by undefined cultures of free and immobilized cells was examined. batch cultures of freely suspended cells and continuous degradation in a packed-bed reactor were studied using both synthetically concocted and industrially produced waste-waters. 34dca was found to be degraded with a concomitant evolution of chloride ions into the bulk medium. the packed bed reactor with biomass immobilized on celite diatomaceous earth was found to be ... | 1991 | 1367396 |
| degradation of dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and other cyclic ethers by an environmental rhodococcus strain. | by enrichment and isolation techniques bacterial strains with the capacity to grow on aliphatic cyclic ethers (dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxolane) have been isolated. six strains that degrade tetrahydrofuran were classified as belonging to the genus rhodococcus. one of two strains that degrade dioxane instead of or in combination with tetrahydrofuran was further characterized and a hypothetical catabolic pathway comprising an initial 2-hydroxylation and several oxidation steps is postulated ... | 1991 | 1367773 |
| stereospecific microbial reduction of 4,5-dihydro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl-1h-1)-benzazepin+ ++-2-o ne. | a key intermediate, (3r-cis)-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-hydroxy-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(trifluorome thyl)- 2h-1-benzazepin-2-one (compound ii or sq32191), with high optical purity was made by the stereoselective microbial reduction of the parent ketone 1. several strains of bacterial and yeast cultures were screened for the ability to catalyse the stereoselective reduction of 4,5-dihydro-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-1-benzazepin++ +-2,3-dione [compound i or sq32425]. microorganisms from t ... | 1991 | 1368001 |
| microbial metabolism of monoterpenes--recent developments. | monoterpenes are important renewable resources for the perfume and flavour industry but the pathways and enzymology of their degradation by microorganisms are not well documented. until recently the acyclic monoterpene alcohols, (+)-camphor and the isomers of limonene were the only compounds for which significant sections of catabolic pathways and associated enzymology had been reported. in this paper recent developments in our understanding of the enzymology of ring cleavage by microorganisms c ... | 1990 | 1368150 |
| dechlorination of pentachlorophenol by membrane bound enzymes of rhodococcus chlorophenolicus pcp-i. | dechlorination (para-hydroxylation) of pentachlorophenol (pcp) and tetrachloro-para-hydroquinone (tech) and o-methylation of tech were demonstrated in cell extracts of rhodococcus chlorophenolicus pcp-i. pcp para-hydroxylating activity was membrane bound, whereas tech dechlorinating enzyme was soluble. the pcp para-hydroxylating enzyme was solubilized by triton x-100 and the requirement for both fad and nadph was shown. the dechlorinating activities were inducible in contrast to the constitutive ... | 1991 | 1368474 |
| identification of indigo-related pigments produced by escherichia coli containing a cloned rhodococcus gene. | pigments produced by escherichia coli containing a cloned piece of dna from rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145 were extracted in chloroform and separated into blue and pink components. evidence from tlc, nmr spectroscopy, absorption spectrum analysis and solubility behaviour suggested that the blue pigment was indigo and the pink pigment was indirubin, a structural isomer of indigo. the proposed pathway for pigment production on lb agar involves the conversion of tryptophan to indole by tryptophanase of ... | 1992 | 1372930 |
| whipple's disease, familial mediterranean fever, adult-onset still's disease, and enteropathic arthritis. | whipple's disease is a rare multisystem disorder of infectious etiology. efforts to culture the responsible organism have been unsuccessful. nucleotide sequencing and amplification of bacterial 16s ribosomal dna revealed the organism to be most similar to bacteria of the rhodococcus, streptomyces, and arthrobacter genera. several clinical studies of the long-term use of colchicine for the treatment of familial mediterranean fever demonstrate its utility for symptom control and prevention of comp ... | 1992 | 1380277 |
| phenol as grinding material in rna preparations. | | 1992 | 1380700 |
| identification and epidemiological typing of clinical and environmental isolates of the genus rhodococcus with use of a digoxigenin-labeled rdna gene probe. | rhodococcus species are ubiquitous in the environment, and several species have been reported to have pathogenic potential for humans. rhodococcus equi, in particular, has been reported to cause infections in patients with aids. however, the identification of rhodococcus species with use of conventional biochemical tests is problematic, and no simple and reproducible method exists for their rapid identification and differentiation. we found that the type strains of the 20 recognized species in t ... | 1992 | 1381620 |
| [lung abscess caused by rhodococcus equi in hiv infection: two cases]. | | 1992 | 1387945 |
| [two particular aspects of rhodococcus equi infection: malacoplakia and acquisition of resistance to antibiotics]. | | 1992 | 1387946 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection causing pulmonary malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome]. | rhodococcus equi is a pathogen for some animal species. it can cause opportunistic pulmonary infections in immunocompromised people. the authors describe such an infection that causes malacoplakia in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the likeness between lesions due to rhodococcus equi and those due to other opportunistic germs as mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is emphasized. | 1992 | 1388363 |
| mechanistic and structural studies on rhodococcus atcc 39484 nitrilase. | rhodococcus atcc 39484 produced a nitrilase when induced with isovaleronitrile. the enzyme was obtainable pure in milligram amounts, had a subunit mr of 40 kda, and demonstrated a substrate-induced activation related to aggregation of subunits to form a 560-kda complex. the enzyme had a broad substrate specificity, had a ph optimum of 7.5, was stable up to 40 degrees c, and had one disulfide bridge and two free cysteine residues, one of which appeared to be catalytically essential. the n-termina ... | 1992 | 1388821 |
| steroid-1-dehydrogenase of rhodococcus erythropolis: purification and n-terminal amino acid sequence. | the inducible steroid-1-dehydrogenase from the bacterium rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7030 was purified to homogeneity using affinity chromatographic, electrophoretic, and ion exchange techniques. the spectrum of the pure enzyme is characterized by the associated fad. the m(r) of the enzyme is 56,000. the amino acid composition and the sequence of the 13 n-terminal amino acids are given. | 1992 | 1390281 |
| primary structure of an aliphatic nitrile-degrading enzyme, aliphatic nitrilase, from rhodococcus rhodochrous k22 and expression of its gene and identification of its active site residue. | peptides obtained by cleavage of a rhodococcus rhodochrous k22 nitrilase, which acts on aliphatic nitriles such as acrylonitrile, crotonitrile, and glutaronitrile, have been sequenced. the data allowed the design of oligonucleotide probes which were used to clone a nitrilase encoding gene. plasmid pnk21, in which 2.05-kb sequence covering the region encoding the nitrilase was was placed under the control of the lac promoter, directed overproduction of enzymatically active nitrilase in response t ... | 1992 | 1390687 |
| serological survey of rhodococcus equi infection in horses in hokkaido. | serological survey of rhodococcus equi infection in horses in hokkaido was performed using elisa. of 2,879 horse sera, 318 (11.0%) gave antibody-positive (od greater than or equal to 0.3) reactions. the antibody-positive rate of female was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than that of male, and no statistical difference between anglo-arab and thoroughbred was detected in the antibody-positive rate. the maximum antibody-positive rate (27.1%) was shown at 14 years of age. the antibody-posit ... | 1992 | 1391174 |
| distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of rhodococcus equi from clinical specimens. | rhodococcus equi, an unusual gram positive aerobic actinomycete, was first described as a respiratory pathogen of livestock in 1923. reports of human clinical illness have emphasized r. equi as a cause of invasive pulmonary infection in severely immunocompromised patients and, recently, have implicated it as a cause of pneumonia, bacteremia and disseminated infection in hiv-infected patients. to determine the distribution of r. equi we evaluated 107 isolates referred to the centers for disease c ... | 1992 | 1397208 |
| nitrilase from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1. sequencing and overexpression of the gene and identification of an essential cysteine residue. | the amino acid sequences of the nh2 terminus and internal peptide fragments of a rhodococcus rhodochrous j1 nitrilase were determined to prepare synthetic oligonucleotides as primers for the polymerase chain reaction. a 750-base dna fragment thus amplified was used as the probe to clone a 5.4-kilobase psti fragment coding for the whole nitrilase. the nitrilase gene modified in the sequence upstream from the presumed atg start codon was expressed to approximately 50% of the total soluble protein ... | 1992 | 1400390 |
| the plasmid-encoded chloramphenicol-resistance protein of rhodococcus fascians is homologous to the transmembrane tetracycline efflux proteins. | the nucleotide sequence of the chloramphenicol-resistance gene (cmr) of rhodococcus fascians ncppb 1675 (located on the conjugative plasmid prf2) allowed the identification of two possible open reading frames (orfs), of which orf1 was consistent with the mutational analysis. biochemical analysis of cmr revealed that it does not encode an antibiotic-modifying enzyme. the amino acid sequence of orf1 predicted a hydrophobic protein, with 12 putative membrane-spanning domains, homologous to proteins ... | 1992 | 1406276 |
| therapy of rhodococcus equi disseminated infections in nude mice. | rhodococcus equi is a facultative, intracellular, gram-positive coccobacillus increasingly reported as an opportunistic pathogen in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. however, the optimal drug regimen for treating r. equi pulmonary or systemic infections is not yet known. therefore, a model of intravenously infected nude mice with disseminated infection was created to study the efficacy of antibiotics alone or in combination as determined by the reduction of bacterial cfu per gram i ... | 1992 | 1416823 |
| central venous catheter sepsis caused by unusual gordona (rhodococcus species: identification with a digoxigenin-labeled rdna probe. | we describe central line sepsis caused by gordona (rhodococcus) species in two patients, which complicated receipt of long-term total parenteral nutrition at home. species identification was attempted by conventional biochemical analysis and analysis of polymorphisms in the ribosomal rna genes with use of a digoxigenin-labeled rdna probe. using these techniques, we identified our first patient's isolate as gordona terrae. the isolate from our second patient was biochemically atypical and could n ... | 1992 | 1420683 |
| good response to antibiotic treatment of lung infection due to rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | | 1992 | 1420703 |
| successful medical therapy of rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient with hiv infection. | a 34-year-old hiv-infected man was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy alone for rhodococcus equi pneumonia and has survived longer than six months. in the current literature, only two of seven hiv-infected patients so treated have survived as long as six months. based on our experience and the available literature, it seems reasonable to treat hiv-infected patients with r equi pneumonia who do not require surgical intervention with prolonged intravenous therapy followed by long-term ... | 1992 | 1424910 |
| the biology and genetics of the genus rhodococcus. | the genus rhodococcus is a unique taxon consisting of microorganisms that exhibit broad metabolic diversity, particularly to hydrophobic compounds such as hydrocarbons, chlorinated phenolics, steroids, lignin, coal, and petroleum. advances in chemical, numerical, and molecular systematic methods have contributed greatly to the circumspection of the rhodococci, including the development of diagnostic fluoregenic probes for improved biochemical profiling and identification. bioprocessing systems e ... | 1992 | 1444254 |
| degradation of 2,4-dinitrophenol by two rhodococcus erythropolis strains, hl 24-1 and hl 24-2. | two rhodococcus erythropolis strains, hl 24-1 and hl 24-2, were isolated from soil and river water by their abilities to utilize 2,4-dinitrophenol (0.5 mm) as the sole source of nitrogen. although succinate was supplied as a carbon and energy source during selection, both isolates could utilize 2,4-dinitrophenol also as the sole source of carbon. both strains metabolized 2,4-dinitrophenol under concomitant liberation of stoichiometric amounts of nitrite and 4,6-dinitrohexanoate as a minor dead-e ... | 1992 | 1444407 |
| initial hydrogenation during catabolism of picric acid by rhodococcus erythropolis hl 24-2. | rhodococcus erythropolis hl 24-2, which was originally isolated as a 2,4-dinitrophenol-degrading bacterium, could also utilize picric acid as a nitrogen source after spontaneous mutation. during growth, the mutant hl pm-1 transiently accumulated an orange-red metabolite, which was identified as a hydride-meisenheimer complex of picric acid. this complex was formed as the initial metabolite and further converted with concomitant liberation of nitrite. 2,4,6-trinitrocyclohexanone was identified as ... | 1992 | 1444408 |
| isopropylbenzene (cumene)--a new substrate for the isolation of trichloroethene-degrading bacteria. | various bacterial isolates from enrichments with isopropylbenzene (cumene), toluene or phenol as carbon and energy sources were tested as to their potential to oxidize trichloroethene (tce). in contrast to toluene and phenol, all isolates enriched on isopropylbenzene were able to oxidize tce. two isolates, strain jr1 and strain bd1, were identified as pseudomonas spec. and as rhodococcus erythropolis, respectively. tce oxidation was accompanied by the liberation of stoichiometric amounts of chlo ... | 1992 | 1444717 |
| sequence of a rhodococcus gene encoding a protein with extensive homology to the mammalian propionyl-coa carboxylase beta chain. | sequence analysis of a 2-kilobase dna fragment from rhodococcus sp. ni86/21 revealed an open reading frame encoding a 476-amino-acid protein with striking homology to the rat and human propionyl-coa carboxylase beta subunits. the nucleotide sequence of a corresponding prokaryotic gene has not yet been reported. upstream, the c-terminal part of a putative beta-ketoacyl synthase was identified. | 1992 | 1452030 |
| rhodococcus equi cavitary pneumonia in hiv-infected patients: an unsuspected opportunistic pathogen. | two patients seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and with no previous acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining conditions developed cavitary pneumonia and pleural disease caused by rhodococcus equi. r. equi was isolated from these patients' sputum and lung biopsy specimens, respectively, but the microorganism was initially considered to be a contaminant (patient 1) or misidentified as a nontuberculous mycobacterium (patient 2). the r. equi infection was fatal in one patient, w ... | 1992 | 1453322 |
| overexpression of a rhodococcus erythropolis protein in escherichia coli with immunological identity to the rhodococcus steroid 1-dehydrogenase. immunoelectron microscopic localization and electrophoretic studies. | the recombinant escherichia coli k-12 strain chi 6060 harbouring the plasmid pya 1201 with a gene from rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7030 overexpressed a protein which reacts with a monospecific antiserum against the steroid 1-dehydrogenase (sdh) from the same rhodococcus strain. it was shown previously that this recombinant protein exhibits no enzymatic activity. by immunogold labelling the protein was localized on ultrathin sections of the recombinant e. coli strain. after cultivation at 37 de ... | 1992 | 1460569 |
| [the first isolation of dermatophilus congolensis van saceghem 1913 in czechoslovakia]. | the authors present a report on the first detection of the strain dermatophilus congolensis in czechoslovakia. the strain was isolated from ulcerations on the dorsal part of the foot of a 47-year-old patient who previously worked for several years in libya. based on examinations of smears from cultures of an isolated strain and four strains from a collection, from experimental dermatofilosis of a rabbit the authors describe the micromorphology of strains of d. congolensis under a light and elect ... | 1992 | 1464078 |
| influence of inoculation route on virulence of rhodococcus equi in mice. | virulence of r. equi atcc 33701 was compared by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intravenous (i.v.) routes in mice. strain atcc 33701 was more virulent by the i.v. than the i.p. route. the ld50 of strain atcc 33701 by either route correlated with the initial number of bacteria in the liver and spleen at day 0. | 1992 | 1474937 |
| molecular basis for biosynthesis and accumulation of polyhydroxyalkanoic acids in bacteria. | the current knowledge on the structure and on the organization of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha)-biosynthetic genes from a wide range of different bacteria, which rely on different pathways for biosynthesis of this storage polyesters, is provided. molecular data will be shown for genes of alcaligenes eutrophus, purple non-sulfur bacteria, such as rhodospirillum rubrum, purple sulfur bacteria, such as chromatium vinosum, pseudomonads belonging to rrna homology group i, such as pseudomonas aerugin ... | 1992 | 1476773 |
| molecular weight determination of methyl esters of mycolic acids using thermospray mass spectrometry. | methyl esters of normal fatty acids, corynomycolate and corynomycolenate were used as model compounds for thermospray mass spectrometric procedures for molecular weight determination of the related nocardial mycolic acids. by using ammonium acetate at the positive ion generator, in both cases, a family of ions was produced. the following members were found and corresponded to the adducts: (1) m + h; m + nh4 and m + h + nh4 for methyl esters of normal fatty acids, whereas m + h, m + 2h and m + h ... | 1992 | 1486659 |
| structural studies of an emulsion-stabilizing exopolysaccharide produced by an adhesive, hydrophobic rhodococcus strain. | the primary structure of an emulsion-stabilizing exopolysaccharide from the adhesive, hydrophobic rhodococcus strain no. 33 was elucidated by nmr spectroscopy, methylation analyses, periodate oxidation and oligosaccharide analyses. the polysaccharide ps-33 consisted of rhamnose, galactose, glucose and glucuronic acid in molar ratios of 2:1:1:1. the main chain contained 3-substituted alpha-d-glucuronic acid linked to the 3-position at alpha-l-rhamnose, in addition to 3-substituted residues of bet ... | 1992 | 1487724 |
| cloning of dna from a rhodococcus strain conferring the ability to decolorize sulfonated azo dyes. | azo dyes are recalcitrant pollutants. two sulfonated azo dyes, orange ii and amido black, are effectively decolorized by certain nocardioform strains of the genus rhodococcus. a mutant of one of these strains was isolated which had lost azo-dye decolorizing ability and the strain was used to clone dna conferring this ability, by screening a bcli library constructed from dna of a decolorizing strain. the relevant genetic information was located on a 6.3-kb fragment of dna. | 1992 | 1490602 |
| [rhodococcus equi infections in aids: personal cases]. | we report on the occurrence of an uncommon pathogen, rhodococcus equi (r.e.) in hiv infection. in the period february 1990-july 1991 we performed the diagnosis of r.e. infection (lung, lung-central nervous system) in two infected patients, aged 27 and 31 years, both males, drug addicts, classified as cdc iv. in the first of them an cavitating right bronchopneumonia (bpm) was diagnosed as of tuberculous origin, on the ground of the microscopic demonstration of an acid-fast, gram-positive strain i ... | 1992 | 1491893 |
| septicaemia due to a new species of rhodococcus that contaminated closed system packed red blood cells--cure with imipenem monotherapy. | | 1992 | 1493992 |
| disseminated rhodococcus equi infection initially presenting as foot mycetoma in an hiv-positive patient. | | 1992 | 1503695 |
| effect of cosubstrates on the dechlorination of selected chlorophenolic compounds by rhodococcus erythropolis 1cp. | effects of aromatic and nonaromatic cosubstrates on the rate of 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation by r. erythropolis 1cp were studied under growth and nongrowth conditions. glucose and maltose were found to accelerate 2,4-dichlorophenol (initial conc. 50 mg/l) dechlorination from 11 days to 24 and 20 h, respectively. the stimulating effect was observed within the range of glucose concentration of 0.5-2.0 g/l in the medium. ascorbic acid at a concentration of 10-70 mg/l as a nongrowth substrate also ... | 1992 | 1512708 |
| [multifactor study of combined effects of an antibiotic and polysaccharide in experimental infection]. | multifactorial analysis was applied to the study of the combined effect of doxycycline and a polysaccharide of microbial origin in experimental plague infection. a marked synergistic action of the antibiotic and polysaccharide used in subtherapeutic doses in treatment of the infection was observed. by the results of the experiments polynomial statistic models of the 2nd order were designed and nomographs or equal level lines were plotted. the models and nomographs described the animal survival r ... | 1992 | 1514853 |
| [rhodococcus equi pneumonia: 1st opportunistic manifestation in a patient infected with hiv-1]. | | 1992 | 1524356 |
| pulmonary abscess due to a rifampin and fluoroquinolone resistant rhodococcus equi strain in a hiv infected patient. | | 1992 | 1526243 |
| identification, cloning and sequence analysis of the poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase gene of the gram-positive bacterium rhodococcus ruber. | the first polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (pha) synthase gene (phbcrr) of a gram-positive bacterium was cloned from a genomic library of rhodococcus ruber in the broad-host-range plasmid vector prk404. the hybrid plasmid harboring phbcrr allowed the expression of polyhydroxybutyric acid (phb) synthase activity and restored the ability of phb synthesis in a phb-negative mutant of alcaligenes eutrophus. nucleotide sequence analysis of phbcrr revealed an open reading frame of 1686 bp starting with the rar ... | 1992 | 1526467 |
| the n-terminal amino acid sequences of brevibacterium sp. r312 nitrile hydratase. | nitrile hydratase from brevibacterium sp. r312 was purified to homogeneity. the isoelectric point was 5.75. the two kinds of subunits were separated by reverse phase hplc and their n-terminal amino acid sequences were found to be identical to those of rhodococcus sp. n-774 nitrile hydratase. | 1992 | 1527703 |
| utilization of 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene (phloroglucinol) by a soil isolate, rhodococcus species bpg-8. | a gram-positive bacterial strain was isolated from oil rich soil in newfoundland and found to utilize various di- and trihydroxylated aromatic compounds as a source of carbon and energy. this bacterium exhibited rod/coccus dimorphism during its growth cycle. chemical analysis of cell wall composition (amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids) was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry and high pressure liquid chromatography. comparison of both acid production and growth substrates ... | 1992 | 1527706 |
| localization of the steroid 1-dehydrogenase in rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7030 by immunoelectron microscopy. | the steroid 1-dehydrogenase of rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7030, an active steroid-transforming strain, was localized by immunogold labelling both in cells induced with 17-alpha-methyl-testosterone and in noninduced cells. the labelling intensity was much higher in induced cells than in noninduced cells, indicating increased enzyme production in the case of induction. using the postembedding procedure, the main portion of the enzyme was found in the peripheral region of the cytoplasm. a consid ... | 1992 | 1527710 |
| analysis of the immunodominant antigens of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. | antibodies to seven antigens in a whole cell lysate of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis ranging in molecular mass from 22 to 120 kilodaltons (kda) were present in sera of 40 sheep and goats infected with c. pseudotuberculosis. three antigens of about 120, 68, and 31.5 kda in size were consistently detected with sera from all animals and twenty-two sera had antibodies to 64, 43, 40, and 22 kda antigens. none of these antigens were detected by sera from 160 sheep in a c. pseudotuberculosis-free ... | 1992 | 1531563 |
| [lung abscess caused by rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi in hiv infection. two cases]. | rhodococcus (corynebacterium) equi is a well-known gram positive bacillus which is usually pathogenic in farm animals but rarely causes diseases in humans. only 30 cases of human infection have been reported in the literature. r. equi has recently been added to the list of opportunistic agents in severe hiv infection. its most common manifestation in immunocompromised is a slowly progressive pneumonia which may cavitate. r. equi pulmonary infections are difficult to treat: they usually require p ... | 1992 | 1533035 |
| in vitro activity of teicoplanin and vancomycin against gram-positive bacteria from human clinical and veterinary sources. | the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of teicoplanin and vancomycin was determined by the agar dilution method for 186 gram-positive bacteria from human clinical and veterinary sources. teicoplanin mic values were less than or equal to 4 micrograms/ml for 94% of staphylococci (group a, n = 52) and less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml for all streptococci, enterococci, aerococci and pediococci (group b, n = 75). seventy-eight percent of gram-positive rods, rhodococcus and leuconostoc spp. ( ... | 1992 | 1535201 |
| rhodococcus equi endobronchial mass with lung abscess in a patient with aids. | an endobronchial lesion with lung abscess in a patient with aids was due to rhodococcus equi. the patient responded to triple chemotherapy. | 1992 | 1539150 |
| transformation of an insect symbiont and expression of a foreign gene in the chagas' disease vector rhodnius prolixus. | a shuttle plasmid was developed that is capable of replicating both in escherichia coli and in rhodococcus rhodnii, a bacterial symbiont of the chagas' disease vector rhodnius prolixus. we have been able to transform r. rhodnii with this plasmid, infect aposymbiotic r. prolixus with the transformed symbionts, select with the antibiotic thiostrepton, and re-isolate genetically altered symbionts from the insects following successive molts. symbiotic bacteria are potentially valuable as vehicles fo ... | 1992 | 1539755 |
| fasciation induction by the phytopathogen rhodococcus fascians depends upon a linear plasmid encoding a cytokinin synthase gene. | rhodococcus fascians is a nocardiform bacteria that induces leafy galls (fasciation) on dicotyledonous and several monocotyledonous plants. the wild-type strain d188 contained a conjugative, 200 kb linear extrachromosomal element, pfid188. linear plasmid-cured strains were avirulent and reintroduction of this linear element restored virulence. pulsed field electrophoresis indicated that the chromosome might also be a linear molecule of 4 megabases. three loci involved in phytopathogenicity have ... | 1992 | 1547783 |
| recurrent pneumonia due to rifampicin-resistant rhodococcus equi in a patient infected with hiv. | | 1992 | 1548410 |
| construction of an insertional-inactivation cloning vector for escherichia coli using a rhodococcus gene for indigo production. | pslh8, an insertional-inactivation cloning vector for escherichia coli has been constructed by inserting a pigment gene (probably encoding an indole dioxygenase) from rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145 into puc18. wild-type e. coli colonies containing pslh8 produce insoluble indigo and turn dark blue on unsupplemented lb agar. insertion of dna fragments into the unique bamhi, ecori, ecorv, hindiii, psti, sphi and ssti polylinker cloning sites disrupts the reading frame of the fully sequenced pigment gen ... | 1992 | 1556550 |
| localization of the cholesterol oxidase in rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7185 studied by immunoelectron microscopy. | rhodococcus erythropolis imet 7185 produces an inducible cholesterol oxidase (cod) which can easily be extracted by treatment of cells with 0.1% triton x-100. the yield of the enzyme was 3.3 u/g wet wt from induced cells, which is about 5 times more than from non-induced cells. a study of the location of cod on intact cells and on ultrathin sections by means of immunogold electron microscopy revealed the following distribution, which corresponds with the biochemical results: (1) cod, which is ex ... | 1992 | 1567784 |
| light-induced oxidation of iron atoms in a photosensitive nitrile hydratase. | the photoactivation process of a photosensitive nitrile hydratase (nhase) from rhodococcus sp. n-771 has been investigated by 57fe mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements in order to clarify the behavior of iron atoms in the enzyme. mössbauer spectra of inactive nhase gave two symmetric-doublet components indicating the presence of two iron species, while that of the active nhase gave a single symmetric doublet indicating the presence of a single iron species. magnetic su ... | 1992 | 1568476 |
| rhodococcus equi infection in patients with aids. | rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen of hiv-i infected patients. it is an aerobic, gram-positive coryneform bacterium which acts as a facultative intracellular micro-organism, multiplying in the phagosome of macrophages. eighteen cases of r. equi infection in hiv-i positive patients have now been reported. sixteen of these had pneumonia, of which 12 had cavitating lung lesions. a history of contact with farm animals, which are the primary hosts of r. equi, was found in only thr ... | 1992 | 1569304 |
| isolation and characterization of cesium-accumulating bacteria. | cesium-accumulating bacteria, strains cs98 and cs402, were isolated from soil by a radioactive autoradiographic method using 137cs. these strains displayed the rod-coccus growth cycle and contained mesodiaminopimelic acid, mycolic acids, and tuberculostearic acids. the major menaquinone of cs98 was mk-8(h2). on the basis of these characteristics, strain cs98 was identified as rhodococcus erythropolis and strain cs402 was classified in the genus rhodococcus. the maximum values of cesium removal e ... | 1992 | 1575473 |
| [the sulfate-reducing capacity of bacteria in the genus pseudomonas]. | active sulphate-reducing microorganism which belongs to the genus pseudomonas has been distinguished and described. the culture is a facultative aerobe, optimum eh is -170-180 mv. pseudomonas sp. being cultivated under strictly anaerobic conditions sulphate-reduction proceeds more intensively than under aerobic conditions. this fact should be taken into account under treatment of industrial sewage. | 1992 | 1584088 |
| case report: rhodococcus equi pneumonia in a patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus. | rhodococcus equi, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is a common cause of pulmonary infection in farm animals, especially foals. pulmonary and disseminated infection caused by this organism is occasionally seen in humans, especially in patients whose cell-mediated immunity has been altered by glucocorticoids or cytotoxic chemotherapy. not surprisingly, the organism may cause serious disease in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected humans whose t cell-dependent immune system has been pr ... | 1992 | 1595781 |
| nad-linked, factor-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase or trimeric, zinc-containing, long-chain alcohol dehydrogenase from amycolatopsis methanolica. | nad-linked, factor-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (fd-fa1dh) of the gram-positive methylotrophic bacterium, amycolatopsis methanolica, was purified to homogeneity. it is a trimeric enzyme with identical subunits (molecular mass 40 kda) containing 6 atoms zn/enzyme molecule. the factor is a heat-stable, low-molecular-mass compound, which showed retention on an aminex hpx-87h column. inactivation of the factor occurred during manipulation, but activity could be restored by incubation with di ... | 1992 | 1597190 |
| [rhodococcus equi in hiv infected patients: 2 new cases]. | we reported two hiv infected patients with bacteremia and pneumonia due to rhodococcus equi. none of them had suffer any opportunistic infection before this episode. clinical presentation includes respiratory tract symptoms of subacute onset and fever. the x-ray examination in both cases revealed pneumonia and lung abscess in upper lobes as well as lung infiltrates in other lobes. the microorganism was isolated in lung fine needle aspiration, bronchoalveolar lavage and blood cultures in both cas ... | 1992 | 1606224 |
| in-vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of rhodococcus equi. | rhodococcus equi is an intracellular facultative, gram-positive cocco-bacillary organism of increasing importance as a pulmonary pathogen in hiv-positive patients. this study was carried out to evaluate the optimal antibiotic combinations for treating such infections. four human r. equi isolates and one reference strain were tested for their susceptibilities to 36 antibiotics. in-vitro the most active antibiotics were amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, ... | 1992 | 1607327 |
| polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of ribosomal protein: a new approach for actinomycete taxonomy. | the ribosomal (r)-proteins from eleven streptomyces strains representing various numerical taxonomic clusters were compared by two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (2d-page). the protein patterns were specific for each species. an attempt was made to identify one strain of streptomyces by both traditional taxonomic methods and 2d-page analysis of the r-protein patterns. both methods identified the strain as streptomyces lavendulae, and protein pattern analysis also showed that s. g ... | 1992 | 1612446 |
| virulence-associated 15- to 17-kilodalton antigens in rhodococcus equi: temperature-dependent expression and location of the antigens. | virulent rhodococcus equi showing 15- to 17-kda antigens, which is virulent in mice, was found to harbor an 85-kbp plasmid, and the 15- to 17-kda antigens were found to be associated with possession of the 85-kbp plasmid of r. equi (s. takai, t. sekizaki, t. ozawa, t. sugawara, y. watanabe, and s. tsubaki, infect. immun. 59:4056-4060, 1991). the expression of these antigens was temperature regulated: when cells were grown at a low temperature (25 to 32 degrees c), they did not express them, wher ... | 1992 | 1612765 |
| hemolytic interactions of dermatophilus congolensis. | the strains of dermatophilus congolensis grew on blood agar with washed sheep erythrocytes with marked total hemolysis. in testing for hemolytic interactions they gave a significant synergistic effect of a characteristic shape with rhodococcus equi and streptococcus agalactiae, whereas with staphylococcus aureus producing beta hemolysin and with staphylococcus aureus producing delta hemolysin a simultaneous synergistic as well as antagonistic effect were observed. first of all a conspicuous inhi ... | 1992 | 1621476 |
| naphthalene degradation via salicylate and gentisate by rhodococcus sp. strain b4. | rhodococcus sp. strain b4, isolated from a soil sample contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, grows with naphthalene as the sole source of carbon and energy. salicylate and gentisate were identified as intermediates in the catabolism of naphthalene. in contrast to the well-studied catabolic pathway encoded by the nah7 plasmid of pseudomonas putida, salicylate does not induce the genes of the naphthalene-degradative pathway in rhodococcus sp. strain b4. the key enzymes of naphthalene ... | 1992 | 1622263 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography of corynomycolic acids as a tool in identification of corynebacterium species and related organisms. | a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) study of 307 strains of corynebacterium species and related taxa revealed that strains classified as "corynebacterium aquaticum"; "corynebacterium asperum"; and centers for disease control (cdc) groups 1, 2, a-3, a-4, a-5, b-1, b-3, e, f-2, and i-2 as well as some unidentified coryneforms do not contain any corynomycolic acids; therefore, they should not be included in the genus corynebacterium. such an hplc method of identification permitted the c ... | 1992 | 1624556 |
| a colorimetric assay for measuring cell-free and cell-bound cholesterol oxidase. | cholesterol oxidase (cholesterol:oxygen oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.3.6) catalyzes the conversion of sterol delta 5-3 beta-alcohol to the corresponding delta 4-3-ketone with the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. rhodococcus species gk 1, a soil isolated microbe, produces an extracellular and a membrane-bound cholesterol oxidase; the latter is bound to the outer surface of the microbial cell membrane. a simple and sensitive assay is described to measure the two enzyme types; no enzyme extracti ... | 1992 | 1630278 |
| an assay to quantitate the binding of rhodococcus equi to macrophages. | a rhodococcus equi radiobinding assay has been developed using organisms labeled with 3h-uracil. these labeled organisms resemble their unlabeled counterparts with respect to colony morphology, viability, and buoyant density. bacteria routinely incorporate between 5 x 10(-3) and 5 x 10(-2) counts per minute per colony forming unit (cfu) which in this assay allows the detection of fewer than 0.2 cfu per macrophage. once incorporated, greater than 90% of the label remains bacterial associated for ... | 1992 | 1632069 |
| [pulmonary infection caused by rhodococcus equi in a renal transplant recipient]. | rhodococcus equi is a primarily pathogen in animals and it has only rarely been seen in immunocompromised humans. we describe our experience with an hiv-negative patient with a functioning renal graft under cyclosporin-azathioprine-prednisone therapy. the patient died after a two months recurrent multifocal pneumonia. the cultures from sputum and blood were negatives but r. equi was isolated from lungs in the necropsy. most of the 41 cases we had found in the literature had aids or hiv infection ... | 1992 | 1635409 |
| immunohistochemical observations on pneumonic lesions caused by rhodococcus equi in foals. | an immunohistochemical analysis of rhodococcus equi-induced pneumonia in 10 foals was performed by biotin-streptavidin system. the detection of r. equi was more sensitive in immuno-stain using anti-r. equi serum than in gram's stain. this bacteria also reacted to anti-bcg serum. lysozyme and alpha 1-antitrypsin were detectable in macrophages. a particularly intense staining was observed in association with intracellular bacteria. though a degree of reaction for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was very ... | 1992 | 1643174 |
| development of a host-vector system in a rhodococcus strain and its use for expression of the cloned nitrile hydratase gene cluster. | two different types of plasmid were isolated from strains of rhodococcus rhodochrous. two plasmids, of the same type but from different strains, were combined with escherichia coli plasmids carrying antibiotic resistance markers to develop e. coli-rhodococcus shuttle vectors. the ampicillin and kanamycin resistance markers served for selection in rhodococcus. electroporation was used to introduce recombinant plasmid dna into r. rhodochrous atcc 12674 at a frequency of 5 x 10(7) transformants per ... | 1992 | 1645124 |
| [in vitro activity of twenty antibiotics against rhodococcus equi]. | the in vitro susceptibility of nine rhodococcus equi strains (seven isolates from immunocompromised patients mainly hiv positive and two reference strains) to twenty various antibiotics were assessed for bacteriostatic effects by an agar dilution method. imipenem and ceftriaxone were the most effective of the beta-lactams studied. the lowest mic were noted with vancomycin, teicoplanin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, rifampicin, gentamicin and doxycycline. a longitudinal survey, including three st ... | 1991 | 1652730 |
| microbial metabolism of quinoline and related compounds. x. the molybdopterin cofactors of quinoline oxidoreductases from pseudomonas putida 86 and rhodococcus spec. b1 and of xanthine dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida 86. | the bis(carboxamidomethyl) derivatives of the molybdenum cofactors in three eubacterial molybdo-iron/sulphur-flavoproteins were examined. the quinoline oxidoreductases from pseudomonas putida 86 and rhodococcus spec. b1 contain molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide. in xanthine dehydrogenase from pseudomonas putida 86, however, only molybdopterin was found. the bis(carboxamidomethyl) derivatives of all three enzymes were treated with nucleotide pyrophosphatase, but only those of the quinoline oxid ... | 1991 | 1657036 |
| illegitimate integration of non-replicative vectors in the genome of rhodococcus fascians upon electrotransformation as an insertional mutagenesis system. | electrotransformation of rhodococcus fascians by non-replicating plasmids containing a suitable resistance marker resulted in stable transformants by integration of these constructs at various sites in the genome, thereby generating different mutations. tagged genes could be isolated in escherichia coli owing to the presence of a coie1 replicon and an ampicillin resistance gene in the inserted sequences. southern analysis and nucleotide sequencing revealed that recombination can occur at defined ... | 1991 | 1662759 |
| cavitating pneumonia caused by rhodococcus equi in a patient with aids. | | 1991 | 1669798 |
| imipenem/vancomycin for rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in hiv-positive patient. | | 1991 | 1671281 |
| imipenem/teicoplanin for rhodococcus equi pulmonary infection in aids patients. | | 1991 | 1672417 |