| self-inoculation with mycobacterium tuberculosis weiszfeiler w-115. | after intracutaneous self-inoculation with 0.05 mg (wet weight) of mycobacterium tuberculosis w-115 containing approximately 600 000 viable units, the local reaction was observed during a period of 9 weeks. no adverse effects or general reaction were observed. from the lesion the w-115 strain was recultivated. it was labelled w-115(78)st vaccine strain and is used for further studies. on the basis of experiments on laboratory animals, monkeys, human new-borns and adults, the strain w-115 is cons ... | 1979 | 113990 |
| mycobacterium microti may protect itself from intracellular destruction by releasing cyclic amp into phagosomes. | | 1975 | 165421 |
| phagosome-lysosome fusion and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate in macrophages infected with mycobacterium microti, mycobacterium bovis bcg or mycobacterium lepraemurium. | when ingested by mouse peritoneal macrophage monolayers, live mycobacterium microti caused a sustained increase in monolayer cyclic amp content and fusion of lysosomes with the bacterium-containing phagosomes was impaired. ingested live m. bovis bcg caused a transient increase in cyclic amp and the defect in phagolysosome formation was less pronounced. dead mycobacteria and live m. lepraemurium neither enhanced monolayer cyclic amp content nor inhibited phagolysosome formation. mycobacterium mic ... | 1979 | 220379 |
| studies on the interaction of mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium lepraemurium with mouse polymorphonuclear leucocytes. | when polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmn) elicited in mice were infected with mycobacterium microti or mycobacterium lepraemurium, phagosome-lysosome fusion occurred with both species. this contrasts with the situation in macrophages where phagosome-lysosome fusion is inhibited by m. microti but not m. lepraemurium. no evidence was found for killing of m. microti or m. lepraemurium when the bacteria were isolated from pmn and their viability tested in cell-free medium or macrophages. | 1979 | 383895 |
| activity in vitro of rifabutin, fce 22807, rifapentine, and rifampin against mycobacterium microti and m. tuberculosis and their penetration into mouse peritoneal macrophages. | the activities of the rifamycins, rifabutin, fce 22807, rifapentine, and rifampin, were studied within unstimulated peritoneal macrophages infected with mycobacterium microti and in cultures of m. microti and m. tuberculosis in 7h-9 medium without tween 80. in macrophage cultures, serial rifamycin concentrations were added after a 2.5 h phagocytosis period, and viable counts were done after incubation for 5 to 6 days. to ensure comparability with the daily drug replacements in the macrophage exp ... | 1992 | 1309967 |
| the nucleotide sequence of the promoter, 16s rrna and spacer region of the ribosomal rna operon of mycobacterium tuberculosis and comparison with mycobacterium leprae precursor rrna. | mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv has a single rrn (ribosomal rna) operon. the operon was cloned and a region of 1536 nucleotides was sequenced, starting 621 bp upstream from the 5'-end of the 16s rrna coding region and continuing to the start of the 23s rrna coding region. the 16s rrna sequence inferred from the gene sequence was found to differ in one position from mycobacterium bovis (nucleotide 1443) and from mycobacterium microti (nucleotide 427). a single putative promoter was identified on ... | 1992 | 1382114 |
| control and location of acyl-hydrolysing phospholipase activity in pathogenic mycobacteria. | phospholipase activities releasing fatty acyl moieties from phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophospholipase activity releasing fatty acid from lyso-phosphatidylcholine were detected in both mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium avium. fatty acyl groups were released from both the 1- and 2-positions of phosphatidylcholine. generally, phospholipase activities of m. avium were cryptic while phospholipase activities of m. microti were located on the bacterial surface. howeve ... | 1992 | 1588312 |
| phospholipase activity of mycobacterium leprae harvested from experimentally infected armadillo tissue. | three types of phospholipase activity--phospholipase a1, a2, and lysophospholipase--were detected in mycobacterium leprae harvested from armadillo tissue at about 25% of the specific activity found in a slowly growing mycobacterium, mycobacterium microti, which was grown in medium to optimize its phospholipase activity. the highest activity found was lysophospholipase, which released fatty acid from 2-lyso-phosphatidylcholine. phospholipase activity was detected by using phosphatidylcholine and ... | 1991 | 1855994 |
| guinea-pig alveolar macrophages kill mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro, but killing is independent of susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide or triggering of the respiratory burst. | alveolar macrophages from the lungs of guinea-pigs that had been vaccinated, boosted and then intravenously challenged with mycobacterium microti or mycobacterium bovis bcg killed tubercle bacilli phagocytosed in vitro. the killing was modest, about 40% of phagocytosed bacilli were killed in a day, but alveolar macrophages from animals that had been vaccinated and boosted but had not received the intravenous challenge did not kill bacilli. different strains of tubercle bacilli had different degr ... | 1991 | 1910142 |
| ammonium chloride, an inhibitor of phagosome-lysosome fusion in macrophages, concurrently induces phagosome-endosome fusion, and opens a novel pathway: studies of a pathogenic mycobacterium and a nonpathogenic yeast. | the weak base ammonium chloride has been previously reported to inhibit lysosomal movements and phagosome-lysosome (ph-l) fusion in cultured mouse macrophages (m phi), thus reducing delivery, to an intraphagosomal infection, of endocytosed solutes that have concentrated in secondary lysosomes. we have now addressed the question, whether nh4cl might affect any direct interaction (if it exists) between such infection phagosomes and earlier, nonlysosomal compartments of the endocytic pathway, i.e., ... | 1991 | 1919441 |
| biosynthesis and scavenging of pyrimidines by pathogenic mycobacteria. | mycobacterium microti incorporated a wide range of exogenously supplied pyrimidines into its nucleic acids. m. avium incorporated a relatively narrow range of pyrimidines but both m. avium and m. microti when recovered after growth in vivo incorporated a slightly wider range of pyrimidines than the same strains grown in vitro. m. microti and m. leprae could not take up uridine nucleotides directly but could utilize the pyrimidines by hydrolysing them to uridine and then taking up the uridine. py ... | 1990 | 2191077 |
| enzymes for biosynthesis de novo and elongation of fatty acids in mycobacteria grown in host cells: is mycobacterium leprae competent in fatty acid biosynthesis? | fatty acid synthetase activity in extracts of mycobacterium leprae was equivalent to 1.7 pmol malonyl-coa incorporated into fatty acid min-1 (mg protein)-1. this activity--if representative of living m. leprae organisms--is insufficient to enable them to synthesize their lipid requirements rapidly enough to support growth. the major activity for scavenging fatty acids in extracts of mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium avium, as well as in extracts of m. leprae, was acetyl-coa-dependent fatty ... | 1990 | 2191079 |
| biosynthesis of phenolic glycolipids in m. microti. | mycobacterium microti readily incorporates radioactive propionate into phenolic glycolipids and phthiocerol dimycocerosates. this process is inhibited by 2- and 3-fluoropropionic acids at concentrations which do not affect overall growth. incorporation is also inhibited by n-(phosphonomethyl) glycine, an inhibitor of the synthesis of aromatic units, but only at high concentrations which also inhibit bacterial growth. | 1989 | 2504010 |
| suppression of monocyte oxidative response by phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae. | mycobacterium leprae synthesizes a unique phenolic glycolipid (pgl-i) in abundant quantities. we studied the effect of pgl-i on the generation of superoxide anion (o2-) by stimulated human monocytes. peripheral blood monocytes pretreated with pgl-i released less o2- when stimulated with m. leprae than did control monocytes. monocytes pretreated with dimycocerosyl phthiocerol, mycoside a of mycobacterium kansasii, or mycoside b of mycobacterium microti, on the other hand, released o2- in quantiti ... | 1989 | 2537362 |
| [cutaneous tuberculosis with multifocal visceral involvement]. | the case of a young senegalese man who developed a form of cutaneous tuberculosis associated with a disseminated disease, successfully treated with appropriate antitubercular chemotherapy is reported. we found mycobacterium microti in the cutaneous ulcers, the only organism isolated after many cultural and microscopical examinations of different exudates and tissues. this mycobacterium was considered up to now to be pathogenic to rodents, but not man. its possible pathogenicity to man (under cer ... | 1989 | 2622578 |
| activity and penetration of antituberculosis drugs in mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with mycobacterium microti ov254. | the activities of some commonly used antituberculosis drugs were investigated within unstimulated peritoneal macrophages and in 7h-9 medium without tween 80 using mycobacterium microti ov254 as the target organism. in macrophage cultures, serial concentrations of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, or streptomycin were added after a 2.5-h phagocytosis period. viable counts were carried out at daily intervals for 5 or 6 days. the patterns of susceptibility to the four drugs were similar for m. mic ... | 1989 | 2802553 |
| dna restriction endonuclease analysis of mycobacterium bovis and other members of the tuberculosis complex. | dna preparations from 24 new zealand isolates, two reference strains of mycobacterium bovis, and one reference strain each of mycobacterium microti, mycobacterium africanum, and mycobacterium tuberculosis were characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis. twenty-five restriction enzymes were investigated. the clearest differences in m. bovis patterns were obtained with the enzymes bsteii and bcli. these produced four and five different patterns, respectively, for the 24 local isolates. whe ... | 1985 | 2985647 |
| use of carbon sources for lipid biosynthesis in mycobacterium leprae: a comparison with other pathogenic mycobacteria. | carbon from glycerol and palmitate, but not significantly from five other carbon sources tested, was incorporated into lipids by suspensions of non-growing mycobacterium leprae organisms. however, of the five other substrates three-citrate, glucose and pyruvate-were taken up. nongrowing mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium avium incorporated carbon into lipids from most simple carbon sources tested unless they were obtained from growth media including palmitate or from experimentally infected ... | 1988 | 3075652 |
| regulation of macrophage accessory cell activity by mycobacteria. ii. in vitro inhibition of ia expression by mycobacterium microti. | in our preceding study, we showed that infection of mice with mycobacterium microti leads to a dramatic increase in ia expression on local inflammatory macrophage populations. however, the majority of these cells did not contain intracellular organisms. to evaluate the effect of parasitism of macrophages by m. microti, ia-induction experiments were performed in vitro. we show here that ia expression is increased on peritoneal macrophages treated with either crude lymphokine preparations or recom ... | 1986 | 3089649 |
| effects of recombinant interferon-gamma and chemotherapy with isoniazid and rifampicin on infections of mouse peritoneal macrophages with listeria monocytogenes and mycobacterium microti in vitro. | the effect of recombinant murine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) on the growth of listeria monocytogenes for 4 h and mycobacterium microti for up to 3 days in monolayers of peritoneal macrophages from balb/c mice was examined by serial viable counts of cell-associated bacteria. macrophages pretreated with 10 u ifn-gamma per ml were bacteriostatic and with 100 u or 1000 u per ml were bactericidal against l. monocytogenes. addition of ifn-gamma 3 days before infection caused monolayers to be bacteric ... | 1986 | 3098272 |
| demonstration of increased anti-mycobacterial activity in peripheral blood monocytes after bcg vaccination in british school children. | a blood sample was taken from children aged 13-15 years immediately before bcg vaccination and 8 weeks after. the children were tuberculin skin-test negative to ppd-s before vaccination and positive after. mononuclear cells were separated from the blood, infected with mycobacterium microti at a low bacterium/monocyte ratio and allowed to form monolayers in microtitre wells. the infected monolayers were rinsed daily and the change in number of live bacteria in monolayers and supernatants was moni ... | 1988 | 3219800 |
| inhibition of phagosome-lysosome fusion in macrophages by certain mycobacteria can be explained by inhibition of lysosomal movements observed after phagocytosis. | we have investigated the mechanism of the inhibition of phagosome-lysosome (p-l) fusion in macrophages known to occur after infection by mycobacterium tuberculosis and by the mouse pathogen mycobacterium microti. we have used an m. microti infection and have studied, first, the saltatory movements of periphagosomal secondary lysosomes by means of visual phase-contrast microscopy (a similar use of the method having been previously supported by computer analyses). the movements became slow or stat ... | 1987 | 3309128 |
| analysis of dimycocerosates of glycosylphenolphthiocerols in the identification of some clinically significant mycobacteria. | extracts of representative mycobacteria were examined by thin-layer chromatography for glycosylphenolphthiocerol dimycocerosates. the glycolipid typical of mycobacterium bovis was also found in mycobacterium africanum and mycobacterium microti, but it was absent in mycobacterium bovis an 5. mycobacterium gastri strains contained a glycolipid which was chromatographically similar to that in mycobacterium kansasii. representatives of mycobacterium marinum produced a distinct glycolipid type, and o ... | 1987 | 3326746 |
| enzymes for purine synthesis and scavenging in pathogenic mycobacteria and their distribution in mycobacterium leprae. | three enzymes catalysing the synthesis of four intermediates (phosphoribosylglycinamide, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole-succinocarboxamide, phosphoribosylaminoimidazole-carboxamide and amp) in the purine biosynthetic pathway were detected in extracts of mycobacterium microti and m. avium, even when the organisms had been grown in mice. however only one of the three enzymes, adenylosuccinate amp-lyase (catalysing the synthesis of the last two of the four intermediates listed above) was detected in ... | 1987 | 3328771 |
| regulation of macrophage accessory cell activity by mycobacteria. i. ia expression in normal and irradiated mice infected with mycobacterium microti. | cba/ca mice were infected by either the intravenous or intraperitoneal route with mycobacterium microti and the subsequent changes in local macrophage populations examined. following infection, the number of macrophages increased and they showed greater expression of both mhc class ii molecules. this response was not dependent on viability of the mycobacteria, in contrast to reports with other microorganisms such as listeria. studies in sublethally irradiated mice indicated that persistent antig ... | 1986 | 3524916 |
| a novel semi-automated technique for measuring inhibition of intracellular mycobacterial growth by macrophage activating factor. | we have developed a rapid, in vitro method for measuring t lymphocyte-derived macrophage activating factor (maf) which inhibits the proliferation of mycobacterium microti within macrophages. this maf may be important in the control of mycobacterial disease in vivo. because mafs are a heterogeneous group of factors with different activities there is a need for assays which are relevant to specific macrophage effector functions. the existing assays for mafs which are relevant to killing or inhibit ... | 1985 | 3902979 |
| a sudden decrease in the lipid content of mycobacterium bovis bcg and mycobacterium microti mp. a preliminary communication. | | 1972 | 4146140 |
| mycobacterium microti (vole bacillus): a method for viable counts within 21 days of culture. | a method is described for counting viable units of mycobacterium microti (vole bacillus) suspensions after 21 days of culture on an oleic-albumin agar medium containing 5% defibrinated horse blood, with a tight seal to maintain humidity. this method is important because vole bacillus is an alternative to bcg in the prevention of tuberculosis. | 1973 | 4577483 |
| [identification of mycobacterium bovis, bcg and mycobacterium microti]. | | 1966 | 4961349 |
| mycobacterium microti infection in a cat and some pigs. | | 1967 | 5298436 |
| studies with the light microscope and electron microscope of lung macrophages in rabbits inoculated with an attenuated stain of mycobacterium microti. | one of the main difficulties in trying to standardize bcg vaccine or to develop a new antituberculosis vaccine with no allergenic properties is the lack of a suitable protection test. the virulence of the challenge strain, the dosage, and the period of observation of the animals are factors that complicate the standardization and reproducibility of any protection test involving animals. on the other hand an ultramorphological test based on the macrophages obtained from immunized animals would el ... | 1970 | 5314016 |
| mycobacterium microti infection in a zoo-llama: lama vicugna (molina). | | 1970 | 5527701 |
| studies on bovine leukosis. viii. the serologic response on leucotic cattle to injections with aujeszky's disease and bordetella vaccines, tetanus toxoid and porcine erythrocytes. the cutaneous reaction following administration of mycobacterium microti and the effect of pokeweed and phytohaemagglutinin stimulation on leucotic lymphocytes. | | 1980 | 6257001 |
| effect of rifampin, levamisole, and cytoplasmic protein antigen from mycobacterium microti on 5'-nucleotidase production by guinea pig macrophages. | a decline in 5'-nucleotidase production was observed in short-term tissue culture of guinea pig alveolar, peritoneal, splenic, and liver macrophages during exposure to 10(2) microm rifampicin, 1 microm levamisole, or 10 micrograms of cytoplasmic protein antigen extracted from mycobacterium microti. liver macrophage 5'-nucleotidase production was more significantly inhibited by the three agents. cytoplasmic protein antigen from m. microti was the most potent inhibitor of 5'-nucleotidase productio ... | 1982 | 6280598 |
| macrophage activation measured by changes in 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphodiesterase i activities after infection of newborn and juvenile guinea pigs with mycobacterium microti. | activation of alveolar, peritoneal, liver, and spleen macrophages was measured by decreased 5'-nucleotidase and elevated alkaline phosphodiesterase i activities in newborn and juvenile guinea pigs for up to 48 days after intracardiac or intranasal infection with mycobacterium microti. increased ap and reduced 5'-nucleotidase activity in cell lysates of macrophages appeared to be related to the carrier state during infection. intranasal infection of 8-week-old guinea pigs with m. microti produced ... | 1984 | 6323604 |
| horse anti-bovine lymphocyte serum. its effect in calves. | anti-bovine lymphocyte serum (abls) had been prepared in horses with calf thymocytes as antigen and its effects in calves following parenteral administration were studied. the optimal dose was found to be one ml/kg body weight. the abls suppressed both the t and b cell functions. the former was indicated by the disturbed response to sheep erythrocytes infections, by the decreased number of spontaneous e rosette forming lymphocytes, the prolonged survival of skin allografts and the significant in ... | 1980 | 6969469 |
| studies on the mycolic acids from the walls of mycobacterium microti. | mycobacterium microti walls contained three types of mycolic acids, very similar to those found in mycobacterium tuberculosis. an alpha-mycolate with two cyclopropane rings, a methoxymycolate with one cyclopropane ring and a methoxyl group, and a ketomycolate with one cyclopropane ring and a keto group were partially characterized. the mycolates made up 34% (by weight) of the peptidoglycan-arabinogalactan-mycolate wall skeleton. young exponential phase cultures and organisms harvested from mouse ... | 1982 | 7119747 |
| killing of mycobacterium microti by immunologically activated macrophages. | | 1981 | 7266662 |
| tuberculosis in imported hyrax (procavia capensis) caused by an unusual variant belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | tuberculosis was diagnosed in an adult female hyrax (procavia capensis) imported from south africa and held in a captive colony at the perth zoo. an organism similar to mycobacterium microti was isolated from the lung of this animal and the lung of an adult male hyrax in the colony. the organism was not pathogenic to rabbits or guinea pigs. protein profiles and rflp patterns using the probes is6110 and ptbn12 showed both hyrax isolates were identical. these isolates were similar to a m. tubercul ... | 1994 | 7886928 |
| stimulation or inhibition of the respiratory burst in cultured macrophages in a mycobacterium model: initial stimulation is followed by inhibition after phagocytosis. | microorganisms cause varying degrees of stimulation of superoxide (o2-) production (respiratory burst [rb]) in macrophages but in some cases apparently inhibit the rb induced in the same monolayers by a conventional stimulator. we have explored these differences. a mycobacterium model, the slowly multiplying mouse pathogen mycobacterium microti, induced a modest rb in resident macrophage monolayers, compared with the substantial rb induced by opsonized zymosan (zy). however, if the 1-h m. microt ... | 1994 | 7927734 |
| effect of interleukin-1 alpha on the growth of mycobacterium microti within j774a.1 cells. | the effect of mouse recombinant interleukin-1 alpha on the intracellular growth of mycobacterium microti in a murine macrophage cell line j774a.1 was investigated. interleukin-1 alpha added after infection to the m. microti-infected macrophage monolayers enhanced the growth of m. microti in a concentration-dependent manner and this growth enhancement was abrogated by neutralization of interleukin-1 alpha with anti-interleukin-1 alpha antibody. cyclic adenosine monophosphate level in j774a.1 cell ... | 1994 | 8076808 |
| regulation of secretion and surface expression of mac-2, a galactoside-binding protein of macrophages. | mac-2, a 30-35-kda galactose-binding protein, is synthesized at similar levels in murine peritoneal exudate macrophages whether recruited in response to an intraperitoneal pathogen mycobacterium microti, to sterile inflammatory stimuli such as thioglycollate broth, or to concanavalin a. in elicited or activated macrophages up to 30% of mac-2 is constitutively secreted, and secretion is stimulated markedly by calcium ionophore a23187. only thioglycollate-elicited macrophages express cell surface ... | 1994 | 8308013 |
| monocyte antimycobacterial activity before and after mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination in chingleput, india, and london, united kingdom. | monocytes from purified protein derivative s mantoux-negative children and young adults inhibited intracellular growth of mycobacterium microti more in chingleput than in london. mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination did not enhance bacteriostasis with the indians but did so with the londoners. no evidence was found for involvement of cytokines such as macrophage-activating factor and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the differences. | 1993 | 8406843 |
| possible intermediates in the biosynthesis of mycoside b by mycobacterium microti. | two lipids were isolated from mycobacterium microti which became labelled when the cells were grown in the presence of [2-14c]propionate. they were purified by thin-layer chromatography and studied by chemical degradation and mass spectrometry. the lipids were identified as phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosate and phenolphthiodiolone dimycocerosate, the aglycosyl derivatives of mycoside b, the phenolic glycolipid produced by m. microti. cell-free extracts of the organism were able to glycosylate the ... | 1993 | 8462544 |
| characterization of the catalase-peroxidase gene (katg) and inha locus in isoniazid-resistant and -susceptible strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis by automated dna sequencing: restricted array of mutations associated with drug resistance. | the catalase-peroxidase gene (katg) and a two-gene locus (inha) containing mutations associated with resistance to isoniazid in mycobacterium tuberculosis were sequenced in 34 resistant and 12 susceptible strains. virtually all resistant organisms had amino acid changes in katg or nucleotide substitutions upstream of inha. a region of katg encoding two amino acids frequently altered in resistant strains (residues ser315 and arg463) and the inha locus were sequenced in 10 susceptible and 51 isoni ... | 1996 | 8537659 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis is a natural mutant with an inactivated oxidative-stress regulatory gene: implications for sensitivity to isoniazid. | the systems participating in detoxification of reactive oxygen intermediates in mycobacterium tuberculosis are believed to play a dual role in the biology of this highly adapted human pathogen: (i) they may contribute to the survival of this bacterium in the host; and (ii) alterations in the gene encoding catalase/peroxidase have been linked to this organism's resistance to the front-line antituberculosis drug isoniazid. these relationships prompted us to extend investigations of the oxidative-s ... | 1995 | 8596438 |
| attempts to characterize the mechanisms involved in the growth inhibition of mycobacterium microti in interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha activated j774a.1 cells. | the growth of mycobacterium microti was inhibited within j774a.1 macrophage cells activated with either interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. activation with interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha alone did not stimulate the production of nitrite in j774a.1 cells. interferon-gamma but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased the production of hydrogen peroxide in a concentration dependent manner but scavengers of reactive oxygen species did not influence the growth inhibitin ... | 1996 | 8764480 |
| assessment of genetic markers for species differentiation within the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | it is important to correctly identify species within the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex because of the zoonotic implications of bovine tuberculosis, especially in developing countries. we assessed the use of various genetic markers for species-specific identification of mycobacteria from the m. tuberculosis complex. a multiplex pcr designed for detection of the mtp40 and is1081 elements was optimized and evaluated in 339 mycobacterial strains from different animal and geographic origins. the ... | 1996 | 8815111 |
| analysis of genetic polymorphism in the phospholipase region of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mtp40 was originally identified as a short genomic region that was found in strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis but not in mycobacterium bovis. subsequent studies have revealed that the sequence is part of the mpca gene, which encodes a phospholipase c. to investigate further the distribution of the mtp40 sequence, we analyzed strains of the m. tuberculosis complex by pcr and were able to amplify the mtp40 sequence in 90 of 94 strains of m. tuberculosis and in 2 strains of mycobacterium microt ... | 1997 | 9114405 |
| performance of an automated q-beta replicase amplification assay for mycobacterium tuberculosis in a clinical trial. | we present data from a clinical trial study in which an automated version (galileo) of a previously described q-beta replicase-amplified probe assay (j. s. shah et al., j. clin. microbiol. 33:1435-1441, 1995) was used for the direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in sputum. the assay was designed to target specific regions of 23s rrna found in m. tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis, mycobacterium africanum, and mycobacterium microti and had a sensitivity ranging from approximately ... | 1997 | 9163467 |
| a novel pathogenic taxon of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, canetti: characterization of an exceptional isolate from africa. | in an attempt to characterize an unusual mycobacterial strain isolated from a 2-year-old somali patient with lymphadenitis, we applied various molecular methods not previously used for the taxonomic classification of mycobacteria. this isolate, designated so93, did not differ from mycobacterium tuberculosis in the biochemical tests and in its 16s rrna sequence, but produced smooth and glossy colonies, which is highly exceptional for this species. this smooth phenotype was unstable and switched n ... | 1997 | 9336935 |
| identification of a new dna region specific for members of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | the successful use of dna amplification for the detection of tuberculous mycobacteria crucially depends on the choice of the target sequence, which ideally should be present in all tuberculous mycobacteria and absent from all other bacteria. in the present study we developed a pcr procedure based on the intergenic region (ir) separating two genes encoding a recently identified mycobacterial two-component system named senx3-regx3. the senx3-regx3 ir is composed of a novel type of repetitive seque ... | 1998 | 9542912 |
| diagnosis of mycobacterium microti infections among humans by using novel genetic markers. | as a result of dna typing of mycobacterium microti isolates from animals in the united kingdom and the netherlands, we diagnosed four human m. microti infections. these are the first m. microti infections among humans to be reported. three of the patients were immunocompromised and suffered from generalized forms of tuberculosis. the fourth patient was a 34-year-old immunocompetent male with a persistent cough and undefined x-ray abnormalities. two of the m. microti infections were recognized by ... | 1998 | 9650922 |
| mycobacterium microti: more widespread than previously thought. | | 1998 | 9742014 |
| pulmonary tuberculosis due to mycobacterium microti in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient. | | 1998 | 9868685 |
| identification of variable regions in the genomes of tubercle bacilli using bacterial artificial chromosome arrays. | whole-genome comparisons of the tubercle bacilli were undertaken using ordered bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries of mycobacterium tuberculosis and the vaccine strain, mycobacterium bovis bcg-pasteur, together with the complete genome sequence of m. tuberculosis h37rv. restriction-digested bac arrays of m. tuberculosis h37rv were used in hybridization experiments with radiolabelled m. bovis bcg genomic dna to reveal the presence of 10 deletions (rd1-rd10) relative to m. tuberculosis ... | 1999 | 10320585 |
| a novel polymorphic genetic locus in members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | it has previously been shown that the pan promoter from mycobacterium paratuberculosis can be used as a dna probe to identify an rflp between wild-type mycobacterium bovis and the vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg. to investigate the genetic basis of this phenomenon, dna fragments from a new zealand m. bovis cattle strain and m. bovis bcg pasteur, containing the pan-binding region, were isolated from gene libraries, sequenced and characterized. sequence analysis and comparison with database ... | 1999 | 10439408 |
| membrane surface of mycobacterium microti-infected macrophages antigenically differs from that of uninfected macrophages. | identification of the antigenic changes in mycobacteria-infected macrophage may be important in understanding the mechanisms responsible for the intracellular survival of the bacteria. in the present study, mycobacterium microti-infected macrophages were utilized to investigate the possibility of differentiating the infected cells from normal cells, based on the antigenic changes occurring in the membranes. antisera were generated against bacterial extract, heat-killed bacteria and crude prepara ... | 2000 | 10767610 |
| differentiation of clinical mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates by gyrb dna sequence polymorphism analysis. | the discriminatory power of gyrb dna sequence polymorphisms for differentiation of the species of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) was evaluated by sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of a 1,020-bp fragment amplified from clinical isolates of m. tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis (pyrazinamide [pza] resistant as well as pza susceptible), mycobacterium africanum subtypes i and ii, and mycobacterium microti types vole and llama. we found sequence pol ... | 2000 | 10970363 |
| two cases of mycobacterium microti derived tuberculosis in hiv-negative immunocompetent patients. | we describe two cases of mycobacterium microti infection causing pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) in hiv-seronegative immunocompetent patients in germany. the isolates were identified as m. microti of the llama and vole types, according to spoligotype patterns. our data demonstrate that m. microti can cause severe pulmonary tb in immunocompetent patients. | 2000 | 10998387 |
| efficacies of bcg and vole bacillus (mycobacterium microti) vaccines in preventing clinically apparent pulmonary tuberculosis in rabbits: a preliminary report. | tuberculosis (tb) kills more people in the world today than any other infectious disease, and the number of drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates is increasing. vaccines, better than most of the currently available strains of bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), are urgently needed to control this disease. tb in rabbits resembles human tb more closely than tb in any other common laboratory animal and a most pertinent method of assessing vaccine efficacy is lurie's tubercle count method in ... | 2000 | 11115701 |
| mycobacterium microti llama-type infection presenting as pulmonary tuberculosis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. | a rare case of mycobacterium microti infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient is described. because of unusual morphological and cultural features, the pathogen was analyzed by spoligotyping and identified as the mycobacterium microti llama type. although culture of m. microti is difficult, drug susceptibility testing could be performed, which correlated with the clinical outcome. | 2001 | 11136815 |
| interferon-gamma- and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha is required for nitric oxide production: tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide are independently involved in the killing of mycobacterium microti in interferon-gamma- and lipopolysaccharide-treated j774a.1 cells. | a comparative study was done using j774a.1 and j774a.1-derived transfected cells (j774a.1 c.1) containing antisense tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) plasmid to determine the role of endogenous tnf-alpha on nitric oxide production as well as on the growth of mycobacterium microti in interferon gamma (ifn-gamma)- and lipopolysaccharide (lps)-treated cells. on stimulation with ifn-gamma and lps a higher level of no was observed in j774a.1 cells compared to j774a.1 c.1 which indicated that en ... | 2000 | 11347274 |
| separation and characterization of individual mycolic acids in representative mycobacteria. | total mycolic acid methyl ester fractions were isolated from 24 representatives of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis (including bcg), mycobacterium microti, mycobacterium kansasii and mycobacterium avium. the total mycolate functional group composition was estimated from (1)h-nmr spectra. mycolates were separated into alpha-mycolates, methoxymycolates and ketomycolates and each class was further separated by argentation chromatography into mycolates with no double bonds, with one t ... | 2001 | 11429460 |
| effects of prostaglandin e2 and nitric oxide inhibitors on the expression of interleukin-10, interleukin-12 and mhc class-ii molecules in mycobacterium microti-infected and interferon-gamma-treated mouse peritoneal macrophages. | mycobacterium microti-infected mouse peritoneal macrophages produced high amounts of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and nitric oxide (no) when activated with interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma). in order to understand the relation between pge2 and no production and the expression of interleukin-12 (il-12), interleukin-10 (il-10) and mhc class-ii (ia) molecules by m. microti-infected and ifn-gamma-stimulated macrophages, we analyzed the level of these molecules in the presence or absence of pge2 and no inhibit ... | 2001 | 11702410 |
| naturally attenuated, orally administered mycobacterium microti as a tuberculosis vaccine is better than subcutaneous mycobacterium bovis bcg. | mycobacterium microti is phylogenetically closely related to mycobacterium tuberculosis and is a member of that complex of organisms. it is a curved, acid-fast bacillus that is naturally attenuated with a narrow host range for microtus species only. in this study, we confirm the unique susceptibility of voles to infection with m. microti and the relative resistance of mice with a significantly lower organism burden after 8 weeks of infection. in addition, histopathologic examination of lungs rev ... | 2002 | 11854245 |
| a new evolutionary scenario for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | the distribution of 20 variable regions resulting from insertion-deletion events in the genomes of the tubercle bacilli has been evaluated in a total of 100 strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium africanum, mycobacterium canettii, mycobacterium microti, and mycobacterium bovis. this approach showed that the majority of these polymorphisms did not occur independently in the different strains of the m. tuberculosis complex but, rather, resulted from ancient, irreversible genetic even ... | 2002 | 11891304 |
| ddt inhibits the functional activation of murine macrophages and decreases resistance to infection by mycobacterium microti. | ddt is still widely used in several parts of the world to control malaria, typhoid and dengue vectors, even though its use was banned in many countries based on toxicity data in wild life species. ddt has been shown to have immunotoxic effects in mice and to increase susceptibility to intracellular pathogens such as mycobacterium leprae. however, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this effect. activated macrophages play an important defensive role against intracellular pathogens, th ... | 2002 | 12007859 |
| location of functional groups in mycobacterial meromycolate chains; the recognition of new structural principles in mycolic acids. | mycobacterial alpha-, methoxy- and keto-mycolic acid methyl esters were separated by argentation chromatography into mycolates with no double bond, with one trans double bond or with one cis double bond. meromycolic acids were prepared from each methyl mycolate fraction by pyrolysis, followed by silver oxide oxidation, and analysed by high-energy collision-induced dissociation/fast atom bombardment ms to reveal the exact locations of the functional groups within the meromycolate chain. the locat ... | 2002 | 12055308 |
| multiple mycobacterium microti derived lipids stimulate inos gene expression in the j774 murine macrophage cell line. | the inducible nitrogen oxygen synthase (inos) and nitric oxide (no) system acting in concert with superoxide radicals is recognized as a powerful macrophage microbicidal mechanism. however, experimentation with inos knockout mice has rendered contradictory results on the protective role of inos/no in the course of mycobacterial infections. on the other hand, no also plays an immunoregulatory role. knowing the nature of the mycobacterial constituents that induce inos gene expression would help to ... | 2002 | 12100471 |
| mycobacterium microti infection (vole tuberculosis) in wild rodent populations. | mycobacterium microti (vole tuberculosis) infections in small wild mammals were first described more than 60 years ago in several populations in great britain. few studies of vole tuberculosis have been undertaken since then, and little is known about the relationship between m. microti isolates originating from different populations or at different times or of the prevalence of this infection in wild rodent populations, despite human cases of m. microti infections being increasingly reported. i ... | 2002 | 12202566 |
| bacterial artificial chromosome-based comparative genomic analysis identifies mycobacterium microti as a natural esat-6 deletion mutant. | mycobacterium microti is a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex that causes tuberculosis in voles. most strains of m. microti are harmless for humans, and some have been successfully used as live tuberculosis vaccines. in an attempt to identify putative virulence factors of the tubercle bacilli, genes that are absent from the avirulent m. microti but present in human pathogen m. tuberculosis or mycobacterium bovis were searched for. a minimal set of 50 bacterial artificial chromosome ... | 2002 | 12228284 |
| loss of rd1 contributed to the attenuation of the live tuberculosis vaccines mycobacterium bovis bcg and mycobacterium microti. | although large human populations have been safely immunized against tuberculosis with two live vaccines, mycobacterium bovis bcg or mycobacterium microti, the vole bacillus, the molecular basis for the avirulence of these vaccine strains remains unknown. comparative genomics has identified a series of chromosomal deletions common to both virulent and avirulent species but only a single locus, rd1, that has been deleted from m. bovis bcg and m. microti. restoration of rd1, by gene knock-in, resul ... | 2002 | 12410828 |
| pcr-based method to differentiate the subspecies of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex on the basis of genomic deletions. | the classical mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) subspecies include mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium africanum (subtypes i and ii), mycobacterium bovis (along with the attenuated m. bovis bacillus calmette-guérin [bcg]), and mycobacterium microti; increasingly recognized mtbc groupings include mycobacterium bovis subsp. caprae and "mycobacterium tuberculosis subsp. canettii." previous investigations have documented each mtbc subspecies as a source of animal and/or human tuberculo ... | 2003 | 12682155 |
| recombinant bcg exporting esat-6 confers enhanced protection against tuberculosis. | the live tuberculosis vaccines mycobacterium bovis bcg (bacille calmette-guérin) and mycobacterium microti both lack the potent, secreted t-cell antigens esat-6 (6-kda early secretory antigenic target) and cfp-10 (10-kda culture filtrate protein). this is a result of independent deletions in the region of deletion-1 (rd1) locus, which is intact in virulent members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. to increase their immunogenicity and protective capacity, we complemented both vaccines wi ... | 2003 | 12692540 |
| polymorphic nucleotide within the promoter of nitrate reductase (narghji) is specific for mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterium tuberculosis rapidly reduces nitrate, leading to the accumulation of nitrite. this characteristic served for the past 40 years to differentiate m. tuberculosis from other members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc), such as mycobacterium bovis (non-bcg [referred to here as simply "m. bovis"]), mycobacterium bovis bcg, mycobacterium africanum, or mycobacterium microti. here, a narg deletion in m. tuberculosis showed that rapid nitrite accumulation of m. tuberculosis is ... | 2003 | 12843072 |
| [new vaccine against tuberculosis. ii. characteristics of mycobacterium muris wells ov 166 and preparation of vaccine]. | | 1953 | 13071640 |
| [experimental studies on the vole bacillus (mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris) at the oswaldo cruz institute]. | | 1953 | 13074736 |
| mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris. | | 1953 | 13084887 |
| [comparative studies on bcg strain, on mycobacterium muris, and lublin strain with special reference to their immunizing properties]. | | 1954 | 13162246 |
| the attenuation of mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris (the vole acid-fast bacillus). | | 1954 | 13184009 |
| [comparative studies of anti-tuberculosis vaccination of guinea pigs with mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris and with bcg]. | | 1955 | 13293258 |
| [studies of murine tuberculosis bacillus (mycobacterium muris; vole bacillus wells)]. | | 1956 | 13364445 |
| [anti-tuberculosis vaccination with mycobacterium muris]. | | 1957 | 13445455 |
| experimental infective pneumoconiosis. v. massive fibrosis of the lungs produced by coal-mine dust and mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris (vole bacillus). | | 1957 | 13468804 |
| five years' experience with a vaccine prepared from mycobacterium tuberculosis var. muris. | | 1958 | 13530215 |
| experimental infective pneumoconiosis with mycobacterium tuberculosis (var. muris) and haematite by inhalation and by injection. | | 1961 | 13689564 |
| intrinsic macrolide resistance in mycobacterium smegmatis is conferred by a novel erm gene, erm(38). | high-level, acquired macrolide resistance in mycobacteria is conferred by mutation within the 23s rrna gene. however, several mycobacteria are naturally resistant to macrolides, including the mycobacterium smegmatis group and mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. thus, the aim of this study was to characterize this resistance. intrinsic macrolide resistance in m. smegmatis was inducible and showed cross-resistance to lincosamides but not to streptogramin b (i.e., ml resistance). a similar phenotyp ... | 2003 | 14506008 |
| genomic interrogation of the dassie bacillus reveals it as a unique rd1 mutant within the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | despite their remarkable genetic homology, members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex express very different phenotypes, most notably in their spectra of clinical presentation. for example, m. tuberculosis is regarded as pathogenic to humans, whereas members having deleted rd1, such as mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium bovis bcg, are not. the dassie bacillus, an infrequent variant of the m. tuberculosis complex characterized as being most similar to m. microti, is the causative agen ... | 2004 | 14679230 |
| [application of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in rapid identification of mycobacterium bovis bcg]. | to establish a method for the rapid identification of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | 2003 | 14703448 |
| macro-array and bioinformatic analyses reveal mycobacterial 'core' genes, variation in the esat-6 gene family and new phylogenetic markers for the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | to better understand the biology and the virulence determinants of the two major mycobacterial human pathogens mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae, their genome sequences have been determined recently. in silico comparisons revealed that among the 1439 genes common to both m. tuberculosis and m. leprae, 219 genes code for proteins that show no similarity with proteins from other organisms. therefore, the latter 'core' genes could be specific for mycobacteria or even for the intra ... | 2004 | 14766927 |
| generalized tuberculosis in llamas (lama glama) due to mycobacterium microti. | necropsy of two llamas revealed numerous caseous nodules containing abundant acid-fast bacilli (afb) in various organs. the afb were identified by spoligotyping as mycobacterium microti, vole type. infection caused by m. microti should be considered in the differential diagnosis of debilitating diseases in new world camelids. | 2004 | 15071059 |
| genome structure in the vole bacillus, mycobacterium microti, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with a low virulence for humans. | mycobacterium microti, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is phylogenetically closely related to m. tuberculosis, differing in a few biochemical properties. however, these species have different levels of virulence in different hosts; most notably m. microti shows lower virulence for humans than m. tuberculosis. this report presents genomic comparisons using dna microarray analysis for an extensive study of the diversity of m. microti strains. compared to m. tuberculosis h37rv, ... | 2004 | 15133113 |
| enhanced protection against tuberculosis by vaccination with recombinant mycobacterium microti vaccine that induces t cell immunity against region of difference 1 antigens. | mycobacterium microti, the vole bacillus, which was used as a live vaccine against tuberculosis until the 1970s, confers the same protection in humans as does mycobacterium bovis bacille calmette-guerin (bcg). however, because the efficacy of the bcg vaccine varies considerably, we have tried to develop a better vaccine by reintroducing into m. microti the complete region of difference 1 (rd1), which is required for secretion of the potent t cell antigens early secreted antigen target (esat)-6 a ... | 2004 | 15195250 |
| microarray analysis of mycobacterium microti reveals deletion of genes encoding pe-ppe proteins and esat-6 family antigens. | mycobacterium microti is the agent of tuberculosis in wild voles and has been used as a live vaccine against tuberculosis in man and cattle. to explore the m. microti genome in greater detail, we used a m. tuberculosis h37rv genomic dna microarray to detect gene deletions among m. microti isolates. a number of deletions were identified that correlated with those described previously (infect. immun. 70 (2002) 5568) but a novel m. microti deletion was also found (mid4) which removes 5 genes that c ... | 2004 | 15207485 |
| disease dynamics in cyclic populations of field voles (microtus agrestis): cowpox virus and vole tuberculosis (mycobacterium microti). | the possible role of pathogens in rodent population cycles has been largely neglected since elton's 'epidemic hypothesis' of 1931. to revisit this question, 12 adjacent, cyclic but out-of-phase populations of field voles (microtus agrestis) in north east england were studied and the initial results are presented here. the prevalences of antibodies to cowpox virus and of clinical signs of mycobacterium microti infection (vole tuberculosis) showed delayed (not direct) density dependence (with a la ... | 2004 | 15255106 |
| isolation of mycobacterium microti from a male charolais-hereford cross. | | 2004 | 15493609 |
| first isolation of mycobacterium microti (llama-type) from a dog. | we report the first isolation of mycobacterium microti from a dog with lesions of acute peritonitis. the isolate was demonstrated to be m. microti of llama-type by spoligotyping. epidemiological implications of the isolation of this possibly zoonotic agent from a dog are discussed. | 2004 | 15504596 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphism-based differentiation and drug resistance detection in mycobacterium tuberculosis from isolates or directly from sputum. | the rapid technique of pyrosequencing was used to examine 123 samples (in the form of dna extracts and inactivated sputum) of mycobacterium spp. of 99 mycobacterium tuberculosis samples investigated for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps), 68% of isoniazid-resistant isolates analysed had an agc --> acc mutation in katg at codon 315, resulting in the ser --> thr substitution associated previously with isoniazid resistance. of the rifampicin-resistant isolates, 92% showed snps in rpob at codons ... | 2005 | 15679486 |
| identification of genetic markers for mycobacterium pinnipedii through genome analysis. | tuberculosis in seals is caused by mycobacterium pinnipedii, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. in this study, we evaluated the extent of genetic variability among mycobacterium bovis and m. pinnipedii by microarray-based comparative genomics. we identified two deletions that are exclusive to m. pinnipedii: pid1 that removes the orthologues of the m. tuberculosis genes rv3530c and rv3531c, and pid2 that encompasses genes rv1977 and rv1978. interestingly, a deletion overlapping t ... | 2005 | 15979818 |