| conditions for production, and some characteristics, of mycobacterial growth inhibitory factor produced by spleen cells from mice immunized with viable cells of the attenuated h37ra strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | mycobacterial growth inhibitory factor (mycoif), found in supernatant fluids of mouse spleen cell cultures that have been stimulated in vitro with homologous antigen, inhibited the intracellular multiplication of virulent tubercle bacilli within normal mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. antigenically stimulated h37ra-immunized mouse spleen cells required 72 h of incubation to produce supernatant fluids that would cause intracellular inhibition. supernatant fluids from 48-h mouse spleen cell ... | 1975 | 330 |
| bacteriologic diagnosis of acute pneumonia. comparison of sputum, transtracheal aspirates, and lung aspirates. | | 1976 | 521 |
| immunosuppressant activity of the ansamycins. | the immunosuppressive effect of four analogues of rifampin and two streptovaracins on cell-mediated immunity has been determined. tuberculin hypersensitivity in the footpads of immunized mice was inhibited by three of the rifampin analogues and by both streptovaracins. the observed in vivo immunosuppressive activity of the compounds tested was not correlated with their in vitro activity against mycobacterial growth but was associated with their toxicity in mice. these data indicate that some of ... | 1976 | 4011 |
| adjuvant and immunostimulating activities of water-soluble substances extracted from mycobacterium tuberculosis (var. hominis). | water-soluble substances have been extracted from two strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis var. hominis: the native hydrosoluble part (polysaccharide and peptidoglycan), a substance in which the polysaccharide moiety is less abundant than in the latter, the acetylated peptidoglycan and, finally a tetrasaccharide-heptapeptide. all four types of substances, when they were injected together with freund's incomplete adjuvant, exerted an adjuvant effect on the production of delayed-type hypersensiti ... | 1975 | 4166 |
| chemical modification of streptovaricin c. ii the intramolecular aldol condensation of 19-o-acetonyl-damavaricin c and its analogs. | | 1976 | 6412 |
| effect of ph of the medium and other factors on the selection of isoniazid-resistant forms of m. tuberculosis. | | 1975 | 6956 |
| mycobactericidal activity of glutaraldehyde solutions. | aqueous solutions of alkaline glutaraldehyde (buffered at ph 8.5) inactivated a standard suspension of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv faster than the corresponding acid (ph 3.7 preparation. quantitative differences in the rate of inactivation of eight other species of mycobacterium were determined using a 1% solution of alkaline glutaraldehyde and inactivation of residual glutaraldehyde with 1% sodium bisulfite solution. variations in the rate of kill were observed between the various mycobact ... | 1976 | 11227 |
| bacteriological examination of sputum (author's transl). | the aa., emphasizing the importance of ascertain the bronchial source of microorganisms recoverable from sputum, recommend for this purpose the use of properly collected sputum specimens and the application of washing treatment for mucopurulent materials. the aim of the present study has been to verify the effectiveness of mechanical apparatus to homogenize sputum without affecting the viability of resident microorganisms and the usefulness of prior microscopical examination to establish the rat ... | 1976 | 13741 |
| synthesis and biological activity of some vinyl-substituted 2-nitroimidazoles. | in previous studies 1-methyl-2-nitro-1h-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde and 1-methyl-2-nitro-5-vinyl-1h-imidazole were found to posses interesting antimicrobial activities. we have now prepared some 2-nitro-1h-imidazoles in which the 5-vinyl chain bears selected functional groups (cho, coch3, no2) as well as nitrogen-condensation derivatives of the carbonyl functions. furthermore, 5-methyl-2-nitro-1-vinyl-1h-imidazole has been synthesized. all the compounds, and some intermediates, have been assayed ... | 1977 | 16132 |
| comparison of the effects of alclofenac, flurbiprofen, and prednisolone on acute inflammatory response in the rat. | the fluid and cellular phases of the inflammatory response were measured using a technique employing subcutaneous implantation of polyurethane foam cubes impregnated with heat-killed mycobacterium tuberculosis. fluribiprofen and prednisolone were equipotent and were capable of almost completely suppressing fluid and cellular responses, while alclofenac was less potent at nontoxic dose levels. study of the patterns of cellular exudation by image analysing computer showed that alcofenac appears un ... | 1977 | 16574 |
| n-(2-carboxyphenyl)-4-chloroanthranilic acid disodium salt: a novel anti-arthritic agent without anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities. | | 1977 | 21247 |
| virulence and resistance to superoxide, low ph and hydrogen peroxide among strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | six strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis of different virulence in guinea-pigs were compared with regard to their resistance to low ph, to hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) at different ph values and to superoxide (o2-). low virulence was associated with susceptibility to h2o2 in native and isoniazid-resistant strains but not in laboratory-attenuated strain h37ra. h2o2 resistance was only partly related to catalase content. low virulence was not associated with susceptibility to an acid environment but ... | 1978 | 24084 |
| studies on antituberculotic action of some phenothiazine derivatives in vitro. | five phenothiazine derivatives (chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, diethazine, promethazine and chlorpromazine) sulphoxyde were tested for antimycobacterial activity. the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis, m. bovis and m. butyricum was inhibited by chlorpromazine practically at identical concentrations. the minimum inhibitory concentrations for m. tuberculosis were: chlorpromazine and levomepromazine, 10 microgram/ml; diethazine and promethazine 20 microgram/ml, whilst chlorpromazine sulphoxyde ... | 1977 | 24964 |
| bacteriologic flora of aspiration-induced pulmonary infections. | the role of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in the genesis of pneumonia or lung abscess in patients with historical, clinical, and radiologic findings suggestive of aspiration was compared to their role in similar patients without these findings. bacterial specimens were obtained by transtracheal aspiration or thoracentesis. anaerobes were isolated in 100% of the patients who were aspiration-prone as contrasted with only 20% of those who were not. isolation of a single species or no growth ... | 1975 | 28705 |
| antimycobacterial activity of lecithin-cholesterol liposomes in the presence of phospholipase a2. | tubercle bacilli were preincubated with lecithin-cholesterol liposomes to be subsequently exposed to phospholipase a2. after further incubation in the environment of acidic buffer, viable units in the final mixture were enumerated by inoculating the serial dilutions of an aliquot onto kirchner agar medium containing horse serum in 5%. another aliquot was used for lipid analyses to confirm hydrolysis of lecithin. in addition to this bactericidal type of experiments, bacteriostatic tests were also ... | 1978 | 32413 |
| comparative effects of antiarthritic and other pharmacological agents in the 18-hour arthritis and carrageenan edema tests in rats. | | 1979 | 35795 |
| influence of immune status on virus-derived transplantable hepatoma in chickens. | the transplantable mc-29 virus-derived hepatoma is a suitable model for studying the influence of immune status on virus-derived hepatomas in chickens. it was found that both humoral and cellular immunologic reactions have a role in the pathogenesis of virus-derived hepatomas and that virus-derived hepatomas can be influenced by nonspecific immunostimulation. the lymphoid system was profoundly altered in hepatoma-bearing chickens; this cannot be neglected when studying correlations between immun ... | 1979 | 38344 |
| [conditions for ethionamide activity and the formation of resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1979 | 41236 |
| [the bacteriological diagnosis of pneumonia by transtracheal puncture. value in medical intensive care (author's transl)]. | seventy five patients referred with a diagnosis of pneumonia underwent transtracheal puncture. in 76% of cases this examination led to discovery of an organism in infected patients. in 50% of cases, the bacteriological diagnosis was sufficiently accurately oriented by direct examination to permit rapid and effective treatment. there was virtually perfect agreement with the results of blood cultures when the latter were positive. the organisms most often responsible were gram positive and above a ... | 1979 | 42881 |
| demonstration & purification of three fatty acid synthetases from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. | | 1979 | 43835 |
| [characteristics of the bacillus excretion in tuberculosis of the locomotor apparatus and of the peripheral lymph nodes]. | | 1979 | 44050 |
| short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis. a controlled trial by the british thoracic and tuberculosis association. | the results of short courses of chemotherapy using rifampicin plus isoniazid, supplemented for the first two months by streptomycin or ethambutol, in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis, have been studied. 174 patients with little or no cavitation received six months chemotherapy. 1 (0.6%) failed to convert to culture negative during treatment and 5 (3%) relapsed in the twelve months after the end of treatment. in 177 patients with similar disease, twelve months chemotherapy was ... | 1975 | 46047 |
| [drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1975 | 46313 |
| treatment of tuberculosis. | | 1975 | 46687 |
| the specificity of cellular immune responses in guinea pigs. i. t cells specific for 2,4-dinitrophenyl-o-tyrosyl residues. | guinea pigs immunized with the hapten 2,4-dinitrophenyl (dnp) coupled directly to mycobacterium tuberculosis of strain h37ra (dnp-h37) show a variety of cell-mediated immune responses to dnp coupled to protein carriers. the cells responsible for this specific response are thought to be t lymphocytes for the following reasons: guinea pigs immunized with dnp-h37 displayed delayed hypersensitivity reactions to several dnp-proteins and contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene. peritoneal exudate ... | 1975 | 46912 |
| short-course chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. | | 1975 | 47233 |
| macrophage requirement for production of guinea pig migration inhibitory factor (mif) in vitro. | methods devised for generation and assay of migration inhibitory factor (mif) on a reduced scale have permitted the performance of experiments which demonstrate that glass bead column-purified guinea pig lymph node lymphocytes do not produce mif or proliferate in response to antigen. evidence that the macrophage is the essential cellular element eliminated by the purification procedure is demonstrated by the restoration of both lymphocyte responses upon addition of 5% macrophages to the purified ... | 1975 | 47355 |
| investigation into the relationship of m ulcerans to m. buruli and other mycobacteria. | the main characteristics of mycoplasma ulcerans are its remarkably distinct drug sensitivity pattern and its rather poor enzymatic activity. m. microti is clearly distinguishable from m. bovis and m. tuberculosis. some of the m. buruli strains appear to be identical with m. ulcerans, whereas others show similarity either to m. microti or to m. tuberculosis. it seems that m. buruli is not a legitimate species. | 1975 | 47730 |
| comparison of the specificty of human and bovine tuberculin ppd for testing cattle. 1--republic of ireland. | a tuberculin testing trial in cattle was carried out in the republic of ireland to compare the specificity for bovine tuberculosis of a human purified protein derivative (ppd) tuberculin (weybridge) with that of a bovine ppd (rotterdam), and to determine whether discrimination between specific and non-specific reactions to mammalian tuberculin is better with doses of tuberculins smaller than those traditonally used for testing cattle. tests were carried out in 510 cattle, 395 of which were shown ... | 1975 | 47750 |
| comparison of the specificity of human and bovine tuberculin ppd for testing cattle. 2. south-eastern england. | a tuberculin testing trial was carried out in eight counties of south-eastern england to compare the specificity for bovine tuberculosis of weybridge human ppd with that of rotterdam bovine ppd. the matching of these two tuberculins for potency in naturally infected cattle had already been established, the bovine ppd being approximately one-and-a-half times more potent than the human ppd per unit of weight. in 1110 cattle in 25 herds with histories of long-standing freedom from tuberculosis and ... | 1975 | 47751 |
| comparison of the specificity of human and bovine tuberculin ppf for testing cattle. 3. national trial in great britain. | a field trial on a country-wide basis was undertaken to compare the specificity for bovine tuberculosis of single and comparative tuberculin tests in cattle using either weybridge human or weybridge bovine ppd. the tests were made on 10,305 cattle in 179 herds distributed throughout all regions of england, scotland and wales. results showed that a comparative tuberculin test using avian ppd with either human or bovine ppd had a much higher efficiency than a single injection of mammalian tubercul ... | 1975 | 47752 |
| cell-mediated immunity in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: cross reactivity between myelin basic protein and mycobacteria antigens. | guinea pigs injected with freund's incomplete adjuvant emulsified with guinea pig spinal cord, purified guinea pig myelin basic protein, or human myelin basic protein showed dermal reactivity to both of the basic proteins as well as to mycobacteria antigens. animals receiving only mycobacteria antigens expressed dermal reactivity to the sensitizing antigen in addition to basic protein. this cross reactivity may help explain the role of mycobacteria in inducing and protecting against eae, and may ... | 1975 | 48264 |
| [critical concentrations for resistances of tubercle bacilli to tuberactinomycin-n, viomycin, capreomycin, and lividomycin in patients treated with these agents (cross-resistance-relationships among resistances to aminoglucoside-antibiotics found during chemotherapy for tuberculosis) (author's transl)]. | | 1975 | 49449 |
| early detection of false-positive acid-fast smears. an epidemiological approach. | an unusual series of positive acid-fast smears, including positive stains of a commercial saline solution, has been studied. short of waiting 2--6 weeks for culture results, a laboratory investigation of these findings appeared hopeless: repeat staining failed to confirm the origin smear results, and a review of laboratory techniques and supplies failed to pinpoint any source of specimen or smear contamination. an alternative epidemiological approach was adopted. a review of the laboratory recor ... | 1975 | 49760 |
| letter: false-positive acid-fast smears. | | 1975 | 49831 |
| [comparative studies on 2 methods employed in the search for alcohol-resistant bacilli in pulmonary secretions]. | | 1975 | 49915 |
| sensitivity studies in bacteriologic diagnosis of urinary tuberculosis. | the identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms is insensitive. this in vitro investigation compares the sensitivity of ziehl-neelsen and fluorochrome staining techniques after two and ten hours of incubation with standard culture techniques. the culture methods were persistently more sensitive than the stain techniques. both stain techniques were of equal sensitivity. ten hours incubation reduces the sensitivity of the staining techniques but does not alter the sensitivity of the cul ... | 1975 | 49969 |
| composition of antigens of various mycobacterial species detected with a mycobacterium tuberculosis reference serum. | immunoelectrophoresis with a reference antiserum to mycobacterium tuberculosis permitted the identification of antigens shared by 12 species of mycobacteria. no antigens unique for m. tuberculosis were found. | 1975 | 50026 |
| [staining of mycobacteria using non-traditional methods]. | nine modifications of the gram method were tested with respect to their ability to stain mycobacteria. the results obtained were rather variable. moreover it appeared that not all the methods would reliably visualize mycobacteria within histological sections. in particular, the mycobacteria occurring in a case of fibrocaseous tuberculosis appeared to be less stainable by the gram method. if the ziehl-neelsen and the gram method were combined to stain a single section, only some mycobacteria appe ... | 1975 | 50147 |
| class, amounts, and affinities of anti-dinitrophenyl antibodies in chickens. ii. production of a restricted population of high affinity 7s antibodies by injection of antigen emulsified in adjuvant. | the response of chickens given a single intramuscular injection of maximally coupled dinitrophenylated-gamma-bovine beta-globulin in either freund's complete (fca) or incomplete (fia) adjuvants was characterized by an initial synthesis of 7s and 17s antibodies followed by the exclusive and persistent production of 7s antibodies. the 17s antibodies were not detected either 3 to 4 weeks after a single injection or after an intravenous boost 16 months later. injections of low doses of antigen in fc ... | 1975 | 50372 |
| cross-resistant relationships among the aminoglucoside antibiotics in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | phenotypes of isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv showing resistance to the aminoglucoside antibiotics streptomycin, viomycin, kanamycin, capreomycin, tuberactinomycin n, lividomycin and paromomycin could be grouped into the following types: (i) resistant only to different levels of streptomycins; (2) resistant only to a low level of kanamycin; (3) triply resistant, to low levels of viomycin, tuberactinomycin n and capreomycin; (4) triply resistant, to a low level of kanamycin and high ... | 1975 | 50402 |
| immunobiology of tuberculin hypersensitivity. | | 1975 | 50915 |
| [discovery of staining tuberculosis bacilli]. | | 1975 | 50918 |
| effect of decalcifying agents on the staining of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | lymph nodes from guinea pigs inoculated with mycobacterium tuberculosis were fixed in buffered formalin, then treated for the recommended times in gooding and stewart's fluid, edta, aqueous nitric acid, von ebner's fluid, and rapid decalcifier (rdc). the blocks were processed to paraffin wax and sections were stained by the ziehl-neelsen technique. only in sections of the blocks treated with rdc were no acid alcohol fast bacilli demonstrable. hydrochloric acid is a known constituent of rdc and i ... | 1975 | 51859 |
| inverse relationship between net electric charge on the antigen and that on the sensitized cell in cellular immune response: demonstration with basic encephalitogen of the brain. | an inverse relationship exists between the net-electrical charge of immunogens and the antibodies elicited (1). the cellular basis of the net charge phenomenon has been established for both positively and negatively charged immunogens, by cell separation techniques over columns of opposite charge (7, 8). to establish whether this phenomenon can be extended to include cell-mediated immunity, the response to basic encephalitogenic protein (be) which induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis ... | 1975 | 51899 |
| induction of allergic encephalomyelitis using hydrosoluble adjuvant and the tryptophan region of myelin basic protein. | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis has been induced in guinea pigs using the encephalitogenic tryptophan peptide as antigen and a hydrosoluble adjuvant extracted from mycobacterium tuberculosis, var. hominis, strain h37ra. the maximum response was observed using 100mug of adjuvant per animal. this is a quantity of adjuvant substantially higher than was necessary to induce disease utilizing the whole myelin basic protein as antigen. | 1975 | 52609 |
| letter: false-positive acid-fast smears. | | 1975 | 53516 |
| controlled trial of intermittent regimens of rifampicin plus isoniazid for pulmonary tuberculosis in singapore. | a total of 481 adult chinese, malays, and indians in singapore with newly diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were allocated at random to four regimens of intermittent rifampicin plus isoniazid. all patients received an initial 2 weeks of daily streptomycin plus isoniazid plus rifampicin. this was followed either by twice-weekly isoniazid 15 mg/kg plus rifampicin 900 mg (hr2 regimen) or 600 mg (lr2 regimen), or by once-weekly isoniazid 15 mg/kg plus rifampicin 900 mg (hr1 regimen) or ... | 1975 | 53598 |
| letter: false-positive acid-fast smears. | | 1975 | 53643 |
| [usefulness of preserved donor blood for cultivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1975 | 54476 |
| [serotyping of mycobacterium tuberculosis with the aid of niacin reaction]. | | 1975 | 54477 |
| [method of preparation of paper bands for determination of niacin in mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1975 | 54478 |
| [modification of the method of differential intracellular staining of living and dead mycobacteria]. | | 1975 | 54479 |
| first-line chemotherapy in the retreatment of bacteriological relapses of pulmonary tuberculosis following a shortcourse regimen. | totals of 404 chinese and 778 east african patients with newly diagnosed drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis were treated with short-course regiments of antituberculosis chemotherapy. the chinese received 6-month and 9-month regimens of streptomycin plus isoniazid plus pyrazinamide, and the east africans 6-month regiments of streptomycin plus isoniazid alone or with a third drug. 28 chinese and 45 african patients who relapsed with drug-sensitive strains after their short-course regimen were r ... | 1976 | 54680 |
| delayed hypersensitivity and granulomatous response after immunization with protein antigens associated with a mycobacterial glycolipid and oil droplets. | a myocardial glycolipid (p3) mixed with protein antigens in oil-in-water emulsion induced lasting delayed hypersensitivity (dh) and granulomatous inflammation after intradermal injection into guinea pigs. this did not occur when p3 and bovine serum albumin (bsa) were given in freund's incomplete adjuvant. the oil-in-water emulsions consisted of microscopic oil droplets suspended in aqueous medium. by separating oil and aqueous phases from bsa + p3 emulsion it was shown that antigen retained with ... | 1976 | 55442 |
| recurrent immunogenic interstitial keratitis. production in the guinea pig by extraocular means. | combinations of intracutaneous (ic) and intravenous (iv) injections of bovine gamma-globulin (bgg) or bovine serum albumin (bsa) induced interstitial keratitis in 24 of 29 guinea pigs. for ic injection, antigen was incorporated in complete freund adjuvant. when ic and iv bgg reactants were administered simultaneously, corneal opacities appeared after 11 to 19 days and persisted for periods of 2 to 11 days. following a free interval, a secondary reaction of somewhat shorter duration occurred. a b ... | 1976 | 56164 |
| [staining technic in identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1975 | 56475 |
| [comparative evaluation of the methods of bacterioscopic detection of the pathogen in patients with osteoarticular tuberculosis]. | | 1976 | 56491 |
| [treatment of sputum and other pathological material with surface-active agents for isolation of mycobacteria tuberculosis]. | | 1975 | 56514 |
| [improving the effectiveness of sputum analysis for mycobacteria tuberculosis. 1]. | | 1975 | 56515 |
| [comparative experimental study of the sensitivity of the methods of isolation of tuberculosis antigen with the aid of an antiserum]. | | 1975 | 57318 |
| [modification of the hemolysis test for isolation of antituberculosis antibodies]. | | 1975 | 57327 |
| [comparative study of different methods of determination of mycobacterial niacin]. | | 1976 | 58091 |
| [evaluation of different methods of urinalysis for detection of mycobacteria tuberculosis on different media. 1]. | | 1976 | 58092 |
| [clinical importance of fluorescence-microscopic studies of mycobacteria tuberculosis. 2. reliability of fluorescence microscopy]. | | 1976 | 58093 |
| staining mycobacteria with carbolfuchsin: properties of solutions prepared with different samples of basic fuchsin. | acid fast staining of mycobacteria in the form of beadings is obtained by means of a carbolfuchsin solution (ziehl-neelsen stain) prepared from pararosaniline or from certain kinds of basic fuchsin. after such acid-fast stains, the intensity of the bacilli's colouring was rather poor and unstable, so that some bacilli lost their acid-fast stain. in contrast, an acid-fast staining of mycobacteria in rod form results by using a carbolfuchsin prepared from rosaniline or from other basic fuchsins in ... | 1976 | 58364 |
| the specificity of t lymphocyte responses to chemically defined antigens. | a system is described that allows the definition of t cell receptor specificity with some precision. it involves immunization of guinea pigs with hapten coupled to mycobacteria. the t cells of such animals respond to many but not all carriers modified by that hapten. such t cells recognize neither hapten nor carrier alone, but rather determinants involving both the hapten and the carrier. no evidence for hapten-specific t cells was found. a model of the antigen binding site of the t cell recepto ... | 1976 | 58456 |
| tuberculosis in tanzania: a national sampling survey of drug resistance and other factors. | this survey was conducted in 1969/70 in a random sample of 15 of the 61 administrative districts in tanzania. it included clinics with a long established tuberculosis service (a group), those with a tuberculons service of recent inception (b group) and those with no specialised tuberculosis service (c group), and 3 additional centres of special interest. the aim was to obtain, for tuberculous patients newly registered for treatment during a specified 6-month period, information on: a) the propor ... | 1975 | 59442 |
| microbiology of cutaneous tuberculosis. | detailed bacteriological characteristics including drug sensitivity of 12 mycobacteria isolated from 51 cases of different types of cutaneous tuberculosis were studied; no mycobacterium could be isolated from remaining 39 cases. nine were identified as m. tuberculosis and 3 as 'anonymous' mycobacteria. acquired resistance to one or more than one drug (streptomycin, isoniazid, pas and thiacetazone) was observed in 3 out of 9 strains of m. tuberculosis. all the 'anonymous' strains were resistant t ... | 1975 | 59443 |
| lymphocyte sensitization to aspergillus fumigatus antigens in pulmonary diseases in man. | in vitro studies of t-lymphocyte responses using five different batches of aspergillus fumigatus antigens, were undertaken in twelve patients with a. fumigatus related lung disease and in three normal controls. using a leucocyte migration method, five of the twelve patients showed significant inhibition of leucocyte migration with a migration index of 0-80 or less to a. fumigatus, but in only three was this demonstrated with more than one batch of antigen (one patient with aspergilloma and two w ... | 1976 | 59639 |
| initial resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis in northern nigeria. | of 61 isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis form patients in northernn nigeria denying any previous treatment for tuberculosis 7 (11.5 per cent) yielded resistant cultures. four (6.6 per cent) were resistant to isoniazid, 2 (3.3 per cent) to pas (1 also to thiacetazone), and 1 (1.6 per cent) to streptomycin. no mycobacteria other than m. tuberculosis were isolated from these patients. these results suggest that the level of initial drug resistance in northernn nigeria may be lower than that fou ... | 1976 | 59991 |
| [experimental and clinical study test of capreomycin]. | data on the experimental and clinical study of capreomycin in the treatment of tuberculosis are presented. it was shown that capreomycin had low activity with respect to the sensitive strain of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37 rv in vitro and the respective infection caused by it in mice. the activity of capreomycin in vitro with respect to streptomycin resistant strains was the same as that with respect to the sensitive strains, while in vivo it increased 3 times. capreomycin showed a tendency to ... | 1976 | 60080 |
| cross-sensitivity of common aminoglycoside antibiotics. | guinea pigs were sensitized to neomycin (a, b, or c), paromomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, and dihydrostreptomycin via intradermal or foot-pad injection with an adjuvant containing killed mycobacterium butyricum or m tuberculosis h37ra (ra). these antibiotics produced greater cross-sensitization with an increase in the number of immunizations and chemical structural similarities. after repeated intradermal injections (adjuvant ra) of neomycin, guinea pigs showed cross-sensitization ... | 1976 | 60083 |
| tuberculosis in the potteries 1971-74. | notification rates of all forms of tuberculosis have increased in all age-groups in the potteries, in a stable population which includes only a small immigrant community. the increase is greatest in both males and females over the age of 65 years and under 15 years. high notification rates have been recorded in workers in the pottery and mining industries and were unrelated to pneumoconiosis. discrepancies have been found between the numbers of notified cases and the numbers of laboratory isolat ... | 1976 | 60584 |
| evaluation of a dual-staining method for acid-fast bacilli. | a dual-staining procedure for acid-fast bacilli was found to have poor correlation with the ziehl-neelsen and auramine-rhodamine staining techniques. | 1976 | 61205 |
| transmissible agents from human sarcoid and crohn's disease tissues. | mice were inoculated with human sarcoid tissue homogenates or with a first or a second passage homogenate of mouse tissue (including 0.2 mum membrane filtrates) originating from the inoculation of human sarcoid, crohn's disease, or control tissue homogenates. epithelioid and giant cell granulomas were present in the footpads and/or viscera of some of the mice given homogenates originating from each sarcoid or crohn's disease tissue 15 months after inoculation but were not present in mice given c ... | 1976 | 61441 |
| fluorescent staining for tubercule bacilli in histologic section of tuberculoderma. | | 1976 | 61571 |
| induction of allergic encephalomyelitis using hydrosoluble mycobacterial fractions. | experimental allergic encephalomyelitis has been induced in guinea pigs employing bovine myelin basic protein as the antigen and a hydrosoluble tetrasaccharide-heptapeptide from delipidated cells of the human mycobacterial strain h37ra as adjuvant. the maximum response was observed using 33 mug of antigen and 12.5 mug of adjuvant per animal. | 1976 | 61873 |
| comparison of machine and manual staining of direct smears for acid-fast bacilli by fluorescence microscopy. | comparisons were made in lusaka and in london between manual staining and staining in an automatic machine with auramine-phenol of direct smears of sputum and other types of specimen for acid-fast bacilli. no evidence was obtained of carry-over of acid-fast bacilli from positive to negative smears during machine staining. there was improved contrast between bacilli and the background in smears prepared with the machine. | 1976 | 61973 |
| sepcific tubercle antigen. | identification and isolation of the specific antigen of m. tuberculosis with the aid of an antiserum against the antigen antibody complex prepared by goudie's method from the serum of tberculous patients is described. the position of the specific antigen on the disc electrophoresis column comprising four protein bands has been identified and separated. the antibody has been identified as igg. more sophisticated techniques should enable the isolation of the specific antigen in practical amounts. ... | 1976 | 62437 |
| acid-fastness of mycobacteri,m tuberculosis h37rv following infection by mycobacteriophage ds6a. | mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv demonstrates a loss of acid-fastness following exposure to specific mycobacteriophage ds6a. no effect was seen with another mycobacteriophage gs7 which does not lyse this organism. | 1976 | 62438 |
| a system for the examination of tubercle bacilli and other mycobacteria. | methods are described for the examination of mycobacteria cultured from clinical specimens. in the "screening" procedure used for new isolates tubercle bacilli are non-pigmented, do not grow at 25 degrees c and are sensitive to p-nitrobenzoic acid as well as normally to anti-tuberculosis drugs. classification is extended when necessary by the use of four tests--temperature requirements, pigmentation, oxygen preference and tween hydrolysis. these define 15 species or groups meeting the needs of c ... | 1976 | 62439 |
| the reliability of gastric smears by auramine-rhodamine staining technique for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. | from 1972 to 1974, all sputum specimens and gastric aspirate specimens submitted to the university of michigan laboratory for acid-fast smear and culture were studied. specimens were paired for culture and smear results using the auramine-rhodamine staining technique. of 1,893 patients, 75 patients without prior antituberculous therapy were found to have either a positive smear or a positive culture of either sputum or gastric material. the data analyzed by patient source revealed the following. ... | 1976 | 62546 |
| [comparative value of nutrient media in cultivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis from the materila obtained from patients]. | | 1976 | 62883 |
| the nature of mycobacterial acid-fastness. | phenol is not essential to acid-fast staining, for it will occur in the absence of phenol where such lipoid-soluble basic dyes as night blue, victoria blue b or victoria r are used; it is essential for acid-fast staining with water soluble basic dyes such as basic fuchsin. when phenol is added to the staining solution, such water soluble basic dyes behave in effect like their lipid-soluble counterparts. the loss of mycobacterial acid-fastness with carbol-fuchsin after bromination or chromation i ... | 1976 | 63160 |
| periodic acid-methenamine silver stain for mycobacteria in tissue sections. | | 1976 | 63164 |
| the specificity of cellular immune responses ii. the structure of antigenic determinants leading to t-lymphocyte stimulation. | t cells from guinea pigs immunized with the hapten 2,4-dinitrophenyl (dnp)-coupled directly to mycobacteria are of interest since they recognize and respond to dnp conjugated to many but not all carriers. the experiments reported here further analyze the structure of the complex, chemically defined antigenic determinants recognized by such t cells. these antigenic determinants can have dnp coupled either to the xi-amino group of lysyl residues or to the hydroxyl group of tyrosyl residues. furthe ... | 1976 | 63530 |
| [effectiveness of the drugs of streptomycin group in experimental studies on albino mice infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to these drugs]. | | 1976 | 64981 |
| [comparative study of 2 methods of decoloration of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1976 | 65016 |
| [drug resistance of tubercle bacilli -- from the clinical point of view (author's transl)]. | | 1976 | 65494 |
| can rifampicin use be safely extended? evidence for non-emergence of resistant strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | data on the incidence of primary resistance to rifampicin in mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have been collected from various countries. strains isolated from those countries where rifampicin is used for both tuberculous and non-tuberculous conditions (italy, argentina, brazil, and spain) did not show a higher incidence of primary resistance than did strains from other countries (france, u.k., and u.s.a.) where rifampicin use is confined to tuberculosis. it is concluded that there is no evide ... | 1977 | 66530 |
| gram stain evaluation of the quality of sputum specimens for mycobacterial culture. | a group of 34 mycobacteria, consisting of 25 mycobacterium tuberculosis and nine strains of three other species, was isolated from 400 expectorated sputum specimens submitted on 148 patients from county-wide sources. eight strains (24% of the total) were isolated from specimens evaluated by gram stain to be oropharyngeal fluids. the remaining 26 strains were isolated from ungradable specimens and those primarily of lower respiratory origin. it was concluded that the random examination of sputum ... | 1977 | 67123 |
| [characteristics of the growth of tuberculosis mycobacteria on solid asparagine-free medium finn-2]. | | 1977 | 67272 |
| [increasing the effectiveness of laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis. ii. improvement in the method of determining the sensitivity of mycobacteria to tuberculostatic preparations]. | | 1977 | 67273 |
| tuberculosis in indonesia: recent studies on detection and drug susceptibility of mycobacteria in jakarta. | sputum specimens from more than 1000 indonesian tuberculosis suspects were examined by bacteriologic culture, and by bright field and fluorescence microscopy. two hundred twenty had positive mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures and of these 68% were positive by fluorescence microscopy. agreement between culture, both negative and positive, and fluorescence microscopy was 87%. sensitivity to antituberculous drugs was performed in 209 isolates. significant resistance to isoniazid, para-amino salicy ... | 1976 | 67646 |
| staining mycobacteria with periodic acid-carbol-pararosanilin: principle and practice of the method. | mycobacteria may be acid-fast, non-acid-fast or even chromophobic in staining under different conditions. the pretreatments with oxidants including periodic acid increase effectually the acid-fastness of acid-fast bacilli. this is caused by additional free carboxyl groups resulting from non-acid-fast wax in the cell walls by demethylation with oxidants. only by prolonged periodic oxidation the aldehyde groups formed as oxidation products of 1-amino-2-hydroxy groups in the cells can be demonstrat ... | 1977 | 68427 |
| cross-resistance in m. tuberculosis to kanamycin, capreomycin and viomycin. | drug resistant mutants to streptomycin, kanamycin, viomycin, capreomycin, and rifampicin were isolated from four strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the mutants isolated from each parent were then tested for evidence of development of cross-resistance to other drugs. there was no cross-resistance between either streptomycin or rifampicin and any of the other drugs. complete cross-resistance between viomycin and capreomycin was found. cross-resistance between kanamycin and capreomycin, and kan ... | 1977 | 68613 |
| transfer of delayed hypersensitivity in mice to microbial antigens with dialyzable transfer factor. | dialyzable lawrence-type transfer factor was prepared from the spleen cells of cf1 mice inoculated with coccidioides immitis- and candida albicans-killed vaccines and with live mycobacterium tuberculosis vaccine (bcg). these preparations were shown to transfer antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity to naive mice, as measured by the delayed skin test and footpad-swelling methods. reactivity could be demonstrated when the test antigens were given 24 h after the transfer factor, but not when they ... | 1977 | 68930 |
| regulation of antibody response in different immunoglobulin classes. iii. in vitro demonstration of "ige class-specific" suppressor functions of dnp-mycobacterium-primed t cells and the soluble factor released from these cells. | | 1977 | 68968 |
| tuberculosis in tanzania: a follow-up of a national sampling survey of drug resistance and other factors. | a total of 1873 patients admitted to a random sampling survey in 15 of the 61 administrative districts in tanzania in 1969 has been followed up at 1 year or later. the random sample included districts with a long-established tuberculosis service (a districts), those with a service of recent inception (b districts), and those with no specialized tuberculosis service (c districts). the main follow-up concerns 1607 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of whom 693 had a positive culture at the initi ... | 1977 | 69347 |