| pcr detection and quantitation of predominant anaerobic bacteria in human and animal fecal samples. | pcr procedures based on 16s rrna gene sequences specific for 12 anaerobic bacteria that predominate in the human intestinal tract were developed and used for quantitative detection of these species in human (adult and baby) feces and animal (rat, mouse, cat, dog, monkey, and rabbit) feces. fusobacterium prausnitzii, peptostreptococcus productus, and clostridium clostridiiforme had high pcr titers (the maximum dilutions for positive pcr results ranged from 10(-3) to 10(-8)) in all of the human an ... | 1996 | 8919784 |
| rapid detection of human fecal eubacterium species and related genera by nested pcr method. | pcr procedures based on 16s rdna gene sequence specific for seven eubacterium spp. and eggerthella lenta that predominate in the human intestinal tract were developed, and used for direct detection of these species in seven human feces samples. three species of eggerthella lenta, eubacterium rectale, and eubacterium eligens were detected from seven fecal samples. eubacterium biforme was detected from six samples. it was reported that e. rectale, e. eligens, and e. biforme were difficult to detec ... | 2001 | 11386422 |
| in vitro study of prebiotic properties of levan-type exopolysaccharides from lactobacilli and non-digestible carbohydrates using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | batch cultures inoculated with human faeces were used to study the prebiotic properties of levan-type exopolysaccharides (eps) from lactobacillus sanfranciscensis as well as levan, inulin, and fructooligosaccharide (fos). denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16s rdna fragments generated by pcr with universal primers was used to analyse the cultures. characteristic changes were revealed in the composition of the gut bacteria during fermentation of the carbohydrates. an enrichment of bifidob ... | 2001 | 11518326 |
| identification of predominant human and animal anaerobic intestinal bacterial species by terminal restriction fragment patterns (trfps): a rapid, pcr-based method. | identification of predominant human and animal intestinal tract anaerobes by conventional methods is cumbersome, time-consuming and less sensitive as compared to molecular methods. we have developed a molecular technique to identify most of the abundant intestinal microflora by polyermase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a 16s rrna gene fragment using a pair of universal pcr primers. the forward pcr primer was labelled with 6-carboxyfluorescein amino hexy (6-fam) fluorescent dye to detect t ... | 2001 | 11851378 |
| design and evaluation of oligonucleotide-microarray method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | an oligonucleotide-microarray method was developed for the detection of intestinal bacteria in fecal samples collected from human subjects. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to glass slides. cyanine5 (cy5)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from human fecal samples or ... | 2002 | 12167534 |
| development of a membrane-array method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | a membrane-array method was developed for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples without using the expensive microarray-arrayer and laser-scanner. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to nitrocellulose membranes. digoxigenin (dig)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain ... | 2002 | 12477438 |
| genetic diversity of viable, injured, and dead fecal bacteria assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and 16s rrna gene analysis. | a novel approach combining a flow cytometric in situ viability assay with 16s rrna gene analysis was used to study the relationship between diversity and activity of the fecal microbiota. simultaneous staining with propidium iodide (pi) and syto bc provided clear discrimination between intact cells (49%), injured or damaged cells (19%), and dead cells (32%). the three subpopulations were sorted and characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of 16s rrna gene amplicons obtaine ... | 2005 | 16085863 |
| in vitro inhibition activity of nisin a, nisin z, pediocin pa-1 and antibiotics against common intestinal bacteria. | to evaluate the sensitivity of 21 common intestinal bacteria to six antibiotics and three broad-spectrum bacteriocins (nisins z and a and pediocin pa-1). | 2007 | 17718835 |
| effects of high- and low-fiber diets on fecal fermentation and fecal microbial populations of captive chimpanzees. | we examined fiber fermentation capacity of captive chimpanzee fecal microflora from animals (n = 2) eating low-fiber diets (lfds; 14% neutral detergent fiber (ndf) and 5% of cellulose) and high-fiber diets (hfds; 26% ndf and 15% of cellulose), using barley grain, meadow hay, wheat straw, and amorphous cellulose as substrates for in vitro gas production of feces. we also examined the effects of lfd or hfd on populations of eubacteria and archaea in chimpanzee feces. fecal inoculum fermentation fr ... | 2009 | 19367605 |
| Bovine intestinal bacteria inactivate and degrade ceftiofur and ceftriaxone with multiple beta-lactamases. | The veterinary cephalosporin drug ceftiofur is rapidly degraded in the bovine intestinal tract. A cylinder-plate assay was used to detect microbiologically active ceftiofur, and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to quantify the amount of ceftiofur remaining after incubation with bovine intestinal anaerobic bacteria, which were isolated from colon contents or feces from 8 cattle. Ninety-six percent of the isolates were able to inactivate ceftiofur to some ... | 2011 | 21876048 |
| isolation, screening and identification of swine gut microbiota with ochratoxin a biodegradation ability. | the potential for ochratoxin a (ota) degradation by swine intestinal microbiota was assessed in the current study. intestinal content that was collected aseptically from swine was spiked with 100 ppb ota and incubated for 6 and 12 h at 39°c. an ota assay was conducted using the incubated samples, and it was found that 20% of the ota toxin was detoxified, indicating the presence of microbes capable of ota degradation. twenty-eight bacterial species were isolated anaerobically in m 98-5 media and ... | 2012 | 25049486 |
| modulation of the orodigestive tract microbiome in hiv-infected patients. | more than 37 million people are living with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (hiv), and more people than ever received lifesaving antiretroviral therapy worldwide. hiv-1 infection disrupts the intestinal immune system, leading to microbial translocation and systemic immune activation. we investigated the impact of hiv-1 infection on the gi microbiome and its association with host immune activation. the data indicated that the microbiome was different in hiv-positive and hiv-negative individuals. t ... | 2016 | 27109275 |
| cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) allelic variants relate to shifts in faecal microbiota of cystic fibrosis patients. | in this study we investigated the effects of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene variants on the composition of faecal microbiota, in patients affected by cystic fibrosis (cf). cftr mutations (f508del is the most common) lead to a decreased secretion of chloride/water, and to mucus sticky secretions, in pancreas, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. intestinal manifestations are underestimated in cf, leading to ileum meconium at birth, or small bowel bacterial ... | 2013 | 23613805 |
| green tea increases the survival yield of bifidobacteria in simulated gastrointestinal environment and during refrigerated conditions. | the well-known prebiotics are carbohydrates but their effects may not always be beneficial, as they can also encourage the growth of non-probiotic bacteria such as eubacterium biforme and clostridium perfringens. therefore, new alternatives such as non-carbohydrate sources to stimulate the growth of probiotics are needed. the aim of this work was to evaluate (i) the green tea polyphenols by hplc-lc/ms and (ii) the protective effect of green tea extract on viability and stability of b. infantis a ... | 2012 | 22727242 |