| preparation, characterization, and chemical properties of the flavin coenzyme analogues 5-deazariboflavin, 5-deazariboflavin 5'-phosphate, and 5-deazariboflavin 5'-diphosphate, 5'leads to5'-adenosine ester. | in order to facilitate interpretation of the deazaisoalloxazine system as a valid mechanistic probe of flavoenzyme catalysis, we have examined some of the fundamental chemical properties of this system. the enzymatic synthesis, on a micromole scale, of the flavin coenzyme analogues 5-deazariboflavin 5'-phosphate (deazafmn) and 5-deazariboflavin 5'-diphosphate, 5' leads to 5'adenosine ester (deazafad) has been achieved. this latter synthesis is accomplished with a partially purified fad synthetas ... | 1976 | 3206 |
| stereochemical studies of hydrogen incorporation from nucleotides with fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the biosynthesis of fatty acids from malonyl-coa and acetyl-coa was investigated with an enzyme preparation which was purified 100-fold from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. fatty acids synthesized in the presence of d2o and stereospecifically deuterated nadph and nadh were isolated and analyzed by mass chromatography to examine the localization of deuterium in the molecule. the following results were obtained: 1) hb hydrogen of nadph was used for beta-ketoacyl reductase. 2) hb hydrogen of nadh was ... | 1977 | 18449 |
| fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes: formation of monounsaturated fatty acids by a multienzyme complex. | a multienzyme fatty acid synthetase complex isolated from brevibacterium ammoniagenes has been purified to a specific activity of 1440 nmol of malonyl-coa incorporated per min/mg. the enzyme is homogeneous, as judged by gel electrophoresis on agarose gels, and has a molecular weight of 1.2 x 10(6). both nadph and nadh are required for activity. in contrast to other fatty acid synthetase complexes, the enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of both long-chain saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids fro ... | 1977 | 20622 |
| stereochemical studies of hydrogen incorporation from nucleotides with fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the biosynthesis of fatty acids from malonyl-coa and acetyl-coa was investigated with an enzyme preparation which was purified 100-fold from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. fatty acids synthesized in the presence of d2o and stereospecifically deuterated nadph and nadh were isolated and analyzed by mass chromatography to examine the localization of deuterium in the molecule. the following results were obtained: 1) hb hydrogen of nadph was used for beta-ketoacyl reductase. 2) hb hydrogen of nadh was ... | 1978 | 27069 |
| continuous production of nadp by immobilized brevibacterium ammoniagenes cells. | whole cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes iam 1645 having the polyphosphate nad-kinase were successfully immobilized in a polyacrylamide gel lattice. the immobilized cells were activated by treatment with organic solvents or detergents. the ph optimum of the immobilized cells for the production of nadp was 7.0, and divalent metal ions were required to maintain the elevated activity of polyphosphate nad-kinase. highly pure nadp was continuously produced in high yield by the immobilized cell colu ... | 1979 | 35255 |
| immobilization of microbial cells containing nad-kinase. | microbial cells having nad-kinase activity, brevibacterium ammoniagenes, were immobilized by the radiation-copolymerization method under low temperature with the activity recovery of more than 80%. compared to the native microbial cells the immobilized cells were more stable against heat and ph change. the immobilized cells were subjected to the 5 hr reaction repeatedly 20 times without any activity loss. | 1979 | 35256 |
| [nucleases from brevibacterium ammoniagenes differing in their effects on chromatin]. | a method of isolation of three different, partially purified deoxyribonucleases from the cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes is descrirbed. the enzyme preparations were activated by various bivalent metal ions: 50mm mgcl2 (i), 5 mm cacl2+5 mm mgcl2 (ii), 10 mm cacl2 (iii), and had different ph optima -- 8.8 (i), 7.2 (ii) and 8.2 (iii). in the isolated nuclei of rat brain the first and third fractions split chromatin at the internucleosomal sites with a formation of nucleosomes -- structural sub ... | 1979 | 37928 |
| [carboxylation enzymes of coryneform bacteria]. | the enzymes of carbon dioxide heterotrophic fixation were studied in six strains of coryneform bacteria belonging to the genera arthrobacter, brevibacterium, corynebacterium and nocardia. all of the strains were found to contain pep (phosphoenolpyruvate) carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.31), nadp or nad dependent malic enzymes (ec 1.1.1.38--40). pyruvate carboxylase (ec 6.4.1.1) was found only in three strains of coryneforms: brevibacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium aquaticum and nocardia erythropolis. ... | 1979 | 119147 |
| distribution of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase in bacteria. | the distribution of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase in 30 strains of various bacteria was studied. monoamine oxidase was determined by using an ammonia-selective electrode; analyses were sensitive and easy to perform. the enzyme was found in some strains of the family enterobacteriaceae, such as klebsiella, enterobacter, escherichia, salmonella, serratia, and proteus. among strains of other families of bacteria tested, only pseudomonas aeruginosa ifo 3901, micrococcus luteus ifo 12708, and brev ... | 1979 | 120132 |
| chemical and enzymatic properties of riboflavin analogues. | the chemical and enzymatic properties of 26 analogues of riboflavin are presented. these analogues include both endo- and exocyclically substituted isoalloxazines with redox potentials from -370 to -128 mv. physical and chemical data such as the electronic absorption spectra, pkas, and redox potentials of the analogues are presented and are discussed with respect to preferred tautomeric and resonance forms. like riboflavin, most of the analogues are shown to be catalytic oxidants of dihydro-5-de ... | 1978 | 207304 |
| thermal regulation of fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the fatty acid composition of brevibacterium ammoniagenes was affected by the temperature of growth. as the growth temperature was lowered, the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increased. the fatty acid synthetase obtained from b. ammoniagense produced oleic acid as well as saturated fatty acids. the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids synthesized by this enzyme in vitro was dependent on the temperature of the enzyme reaction but not on the growth temperature of b. ammoniagenes fr ... | 1979 | 429269 |
| [study of aeration and temperature effects on the biosynthesis of 5'-inosine acid by the brevibacterium ammoniagenes mutant]. | the biosynthesis of 5'-inosine acid (5'-imp) by the culture brevibacterium ammoniagenes 225--5 was studied under different aeration conditions. intensive aeration (kv = 3.6 g o2/l.hr) was found to be necessary for an active build-up of 5'-imp. reduced aeration (kv = 3.6 g o2/l.hr) caused a decrease in the 5'-imp yield, a simultaneous increase in the hypoxanthine concentration, a reduction of cell productivity and a decrease in the glucose transformation to 5'-imp. the temperature of 28 degrees w ... | 1978 | 674112 |
| [effect of medium components on the metabolism of brevibacterium ammoniagenes-producer of 5'-inosinic acid]. | the effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the biosynthesis of 5'-inosinic acid (5'-imp) by the culture brevibacterium ammoniagenes 225-5 was studied. with respect to the yield of 5'-imp, glucose was found to be the best carbon source and urea--the best nitrogen source. the proper ratio of concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources in the nutrient medium was very important for a high 5'-imp accumulation. the study of the effect of phosphate and magnesium concentrations on 5'-imp b ... | 1978 | 724664 |
| new assay method for fatty acid synthetase with mass fragmentography. | a new assay method for fatty acid synthetase using mass fragmentography is described. the amounts of fatty acids synthesized in deuterated water are determined by mass fragmentography by monitoring the intensities of m/e 77 and m/e 74 fragment ions using heptadecanoic acid as an internal standard. this method is suitable for any fatty acid synthetase which produces several species of fatty acids and is also applicable to crude enzyme preparations. this procedure is more sensitive and specific th ... | 1978 | 730755 |
| fermentative accumulation of guanosine polyphosphates by brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-monophosphate (3.35 mg/ml), guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-diphosphate (msi) (5.21 mg/ml), and guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-triphosphate (msii) (0.82 mg/ml), in addition to guanosine 5'-monophosphate, guanosine 5'-diphosphate, and guanosine 5'-triphosphate, were accumulated by microbial conversion of 5'-xanthylic acid with a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | 1975 | 1180553 |
| the ability of bacteria to synthesize a new cyclopyrophosphate correlates with their tolerance to redox-cycling drugs: on a crossroad of chemotherapy, environmental toxicology and immunobiochemical problems. | many redox-cyclers were recently shown to induce, in some bacterial species, large-scale biosynthesis of a new 2-methylbutan-1,2,3,4-tetraol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate believed to be involved in anti-stress reactions. in the present study mycobacterium smegmatis, micrococcus luteus and brevibacterium ammoniagenes were shown to begin synthesis of the new cyclopyrophosphate when cultivated in a medium containing furacilin or furadonin (widely used nitrofuran antibacterial drugs) and to maintain close ... | 1992 | 1292477 |
| a new cyclopyrophosphate as a bacterial antistressor? | in a number of bacteria an unusual glycosyl pyrophosphate (31p nmr signal chemical shift at about -15 ppm) was detected when the cells were subjected to oxidative stress. this substance from brevibacterium ammoniagenes has now been identified as 2-methyl-butan-1,2,3,4,-tetraol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate, which is accumulated in the cell under certain conditions in concentrations of of about 50 mm. it is now suggested that this compound is the long sought after bacterial antistressor. | 1992 | 1312021 |
| a flow injection analysis system involving immobilized nadh oxidase in column form for clinical analysis. | a highly sensitive fia system for chemiluminometric determination of reduced coenzyme, nadh, was developed, using immobilized nadh oxidase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. the enzyme catalyzed the oxidation of nadh generating hydrogen peroxide which emitted chemiluminescence when mixed with luminol and potassium ferricyanide. the immobilized enzyme reactor was a mini-column, measuring 1 or 2 mm in inner diameter and 20 mm in length, and the sample volume was only 1 microliter per assay, with a ... | 1990 | 1366446 |
| antibacterial activity of totarol and its potentiation. | antimicrobial activity of six diterpenoids isolated from the bark of podocarpus nagi (podocarpaceae) has been tested against twelve selected microorganisms. totarol [1], the most abundant compound among the six, exhibited potent bactericidal activity only against gram-positive bacteria, among which propionibacterium acnes was the most sensitive bacterium. totarol also showed strong activity against four other gram-positive bacteria tested: streptococcus mutans, bacillus subtilis, brevibacterium ... | 1992 | 1453180 |
| molecular structure of the multifunctional fatty acid synthetase gene of brevibacterium ammoniagenes: its sequence of catalytic domains is formally consistent with a head-to-tail fusion of the two yeast genes fas1 and fas2. | the brevibacterium ammoniagenes fatty acid synthetase (fas) gene was isolated from a series of overlapping clones by both immunological and plaque hybridization screening of two independent gene libraries. from the isolated dna a contiguous segment of 10,549 bp was sequenced in both directions. the sequenced dna contained a very long (9312 nucleotides) open reading frame coding for a protein of 3104 amino acids and with a molecular mass of 327,466 daltons. based on characteristic sequence motifs ... | 1992 | 1552898 |
| synthesis of a new organic pyrophosphate in large quantities is induced in some bacteria by oxidative stress. | brevibacterium ammoniagenes and micrococcus luteus were shown to synthesize up to 50 mm of a novel substance, 2-methylbutan-1,2,3,4-tetraol 2,4-cyclopyrophosphate, in response to oxidative stress created by benzyl viologen and other redox mediators under aerobic conditions. the substance, which represents greater than 50% of the extractable phosphorus, is suggested to play a role as a bacterial antistressor and is thought to be a product of condensation of two molecules of phosphoenolpyruvate wh ... | 1992 | 1605835 |
| the derepression of enzymes of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway in brevibacterium ammoniagenes producing uridine-5-monophosphate and uracil. | a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes producing large quantities of ump and uracil is described. the mutations render bacteria braditrophic for arginine, sensitive to adenine, resistant to rifampicin and pyrimidine analogues 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluorouridine, azauracil and thiouracil. the activities of enzymes involved in the ump biosynthesis, i.e. orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, orotate-5-monophosphate decarboxylase, dihydroorotate oxidase, are 4-, 3.5- and 4.5-fold higher in the mutant than ... | 1991 | 1769522 |
| [studies on ultraweak luminescence of bacteria]. | ultraweak luminescence of escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis and brevibacterium ammoniagenes was measured with high sensitive single photon counting equipment (made in china). the results obtained from ultraweak luminescence of as above three bacterial strains were as follows: spectral distribution curves, photon emission kinetic curves or emission intensity and its qualitative relationship between intensity and bacterial counts. | 1990 | 2111603 |
| derivatives of glutamic acid and trehalose which can be transformed into long-living free radicals by the loss of an electron are identified in some bacteria. | a derivative of glutamic acid (ammonigenin) and a trisaccharide named lysodektose which are converted into long-living free radicals by the loss of one electron were isolated from brevibacterium ammoniagenes and micrococcus lysodeikticus. structural formulae suggested for both substances based on esr-, nmr- and mass spectra, isotopic substitution experiments and other data are: lactone of n-hydroxy-n-(2-carbamoylethyl)-glutamyl-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyric amide and 6-o-[2-deoxy-2-(n-methyl)-hydroxy ... | 1989 | 2560374 |
| ribonucleotide reductase of brevibacterium ammoniagenes is a manganese enzyme. | ribonucleotide reduction and not dna replication is the site for the specific manganese requirement of dna synthesis and cell growth in the coryneform bacterium brevibacterium ammoniagenes. to characterize the metal effect we have isolated and purified ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase from overproducing bacteria that were first deprived of and then reactivated by manganese ions. purification on columns of sephacryl s400, deae-cellulose and hydroxyapatite provided an apparently homogeneous en ... | 1988 | 2828045 |
| purification and characterization of fad synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the bifunctional enzyme fad synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes was purified by a method involving atp-affinity chromatography. the final preparation was more than 95% pure. the apparent molecular weight of the enzyme was determined as 38,000 and the isoelectric point as 4.6. although previous attempts to separate the enzymatic activities had failed, atp:riboflavin 5'-phosphotransferase and atp:fmn-adenylyltransferase activities in b. ammoniagenes were believed to be located on two separ ... | 1986 | 3023344 |
| nucleotide and thioredoxin specificity of the manganese ribonucleotide reductase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the manganese-containing ribonucleotide reductase previously identified in gram-positive bacteria has been purified and its nucleotide specificity and other requirements were determined. the enzyme isolated from brevibacterium ammoniagenes is a ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase which, in the presence of allosteric effectors, reduces all four common substrates at comparable rates; very little activity is observed in the absence of effector nucleotides. ribonucleoside triphosphates are reduced ... | 1988 | 3042394 |
| enzymatic bases for the fatty acid positioning in phospholipids of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | positional distribution of fatty acids in phospholipids from brevibacterium ammoniagenes was analyzed to find that phosphatidylethanolamine consisted mainly of 1-saturated acyl 2-unsaturated acyl species while phosphatidylglycerol consisted mainly of 1-unsaturated acyl 2-saturated acyl species. three acyltransferase systems were characterized in a membrane preparation--the acylations of glycerophosphate, 1-acyl-glycerophosphate, and 2-acyl-glycerophosphate--which appeared to be catalyzed by diff ... | 1986 | 3511845 |
| manganese transport in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872. | uptake of manganese by brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 was energy dependent and obeyed saturation kinetics (km = 0.65 microm; vmax = 0.12 mumol/min per g [dry weight]). uptake showed optima at 27 degrees c and ph 9.5. 54mn2+ accumulated by the cells was released by treatment with toluene or by exchange for unlabeled manganese ions, via an energy-dependent process. co2+, fe2+, cd2+, and zn2+ inhibited manganese uptake. inhibition by cd2+ and zn2+ was competitive (ki = 0.15 microm cd2+ and 1 ... | 1987 | 3597325 |
| temperature- and growth-phase-dependent changes in membrane fatty acid compositions of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | fatty acids newly synthesized by brevibacterium ammoniagenes grown at different temperatures were analyzed. the assay temperature, not the growth temperature, was found to be the major factor affecting the unsaturated/saturated ratio of newly synthesized fatty acids in logarithmic-phase cells. however, in the stationary-phase cells the growth temperature also affected the product profile significantly; cells grown at 7 degrees c produced relatively more oleate and stearate and less palmitate and ... | 1986 | 3729431 |
| microbial phosphorylation of the oa-6129 group of carbapenem compounds. | the oa-6129 group of carbapenem antibiotics were phosphorylated with atp by brevibacterium ammoniagenes at the primary hydroxyl group of the c-3 pantetheinyl side chain. the phosphorylation resulted in the reduced antimicrobial activity against some gram-positive bacteria, and the improved activity against some gram-negative microbes. the increased resistance of the oa-6129 carbapenems due to phosphorylation was significant to mouse renal dehydropeptidase and moderate to the human enzyme. oa-612 ... | 1985 | 3839225 |
| mapping of acyl carrier domain within the subunit of type i bacterial fatty acid synthetase. | a fluorescent thiol reagent, n-(7-dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarinyl) maleimide, was used to label the acyl carrier site of the bacterial fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. the reagent bound preferentially to the 4'-phosphopantetheine thiol group of the acyl carrier domain and irreversively inactivated the enzyme. the modified enzyme was cleaved by proteinases for the mapping of the labeled site. the fluorescent fragment was readily detected on a polyacrylamide gel after elect ... | 1985 | 4074750 |
| [isolation and partial purification of purine nucleotide pyrophosphorylases from brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc no. 6872]. | | 1971 | 5147934 |
| [the role of inorganic polyphosphates in adenine nucleotide formation in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc no. 6872]. | | 1969 | 5366705 |
| production of nucleic acid-related substances by fermentative processes. 28. accumulation of 5' inosinic acid by a manganese-insensitive mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | a manganese-insensitive mutant, ky 13105, of brevibacterium ammoniagenes which accumulates considerable amounts of 5' inosinic acid (imp) in the presence of 100 to 1,000 mug of mn(2+) per liter was obtained from an imp-producing mutant of a manganese-sensitive strain, ky 13102. the effects of mn(2+) at 0 to 30 mug/liter on imp accumulation by ky 13105 were similar to those by ky 13102. however, the accumulation of imp by ky 13105 was not affected by 100 to 1,000 mug of mn(2+) per liter, showing ... | 1969 | 5370667 |
| production of nucleic acid-related substances by fermentation processes. 33. accumulation of inosine by a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | inosine-producing cultures were found among mutants resistant to 6-mercaptoguanine (6mg) derived from a 5'-inosinic acid (imp)-producing strain, ky 13102, of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. inosine-producing ability was very frequent among the mutants resistant to a low concentration (10 to 50 mug/ml) of 6mg. the accumulation of inosine by strain ky 13714 was stimulated by a low concentration of adenine (25 mg/liter) but was depressed by high levels of adenine. the accumulation by strain ky 13714 w ... | 1970 | 5480102 |
| [mechanism of synthesis of adenylic nucleotides in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atss n 6872]. | | 1970 | 5501662 |
| conversion of 5' xanthylic acid to guanine and guanine nucleotides by a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | | 1971 | 5580682 |
| [synthesis of adenine and guanine nucleotides in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc no. 6872]. | | 1971 | 5580980 |
| a quantitative evaluation of the mutagenic effect of ethylmethanesulfonate in brevibacterium ammoniagenes and qualitative character of the mutants obtained. | | 1968 | 5658988 |
| production of nucleic acid-related substances by fermentative processes. xix. accumulation of 5'-inosinic acid by a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the accumulation of 5'-inosinic acid (imp) by a mutant, ky 13102, induced from brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 by ultraviolet light irradiation, was examined. although growth was stimulated by adenine or adenosine, the microorganism showed fair growth in the medium containing amino acids but no adenine. among six kinds of natural nutrients tested, meat extract and casamino acids were suitable for the accumulation of imp. manganese ion strongly affected growth, the accumulation of imp and h ... | 1968 | 5664127 |
| unbalanced growth death due to depletion of mn2+ in brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | in the microbial conversion of added hypoxanthine to 5'-inosinic acid, mn(2+) concentration in the growth medium is known to have a profound effect both on the yield of 5'-inosinic acid and the morphology of cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. to elucidate the mechanism in which mn(2+) was concerned with cell morphology and 5'-inosinic acid production, effects of mn(2+) on the macromolecular synthesis were measured. it was found that mn(2+) strongly governed deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthes ... | 1968 | 5726310 |
| mechanism of overproduction of orotic acid by a mutant of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | | 1969 | 5774759 |
| the capacity of orotic acid production in pyrimidine-deficient mutants of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | | 1969 | 5786385 |
| parameters of unbalanced growth and reversible inhibition of deoxyribnucleic acid synthesis in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 induced by depletion of mn2+. inhibitor studies on the reversibility of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. | unbalanced growth induced by depletion of manganese ions was a prerequisite for production of ribonucleotides in a high salt mineral medium with the wildtype strain brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872. the concentration of manganese strictly controlled the overall deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) synthesis, whereas ribonucleic acid (rna), protein and cell wall synthesis remained essentially unimpaired in the manganese-lacking cells. the reversibility of inhibition of overall dna synthesis was shown ... | 1980 | 6158925 |
| metabolism of pyrimidine bases and nucleosides in the coryneform bacteria brevibacterium ammoniagenes and micrococcus luteus. | the metabolism of exogenous pyrimidine bases and nucleosides was investigated in brevibacterium ammoniagenes and micrococcus luteus with fluorinated analogs and radioactive precursors. salvage of thymine and thymidine was found in m. luteus, but not in b. ammoniagenes. exogenous uracil or uracil nucleosides, but not cytosine or cytosine nucleosides, were nucleic acid precursors for both bacteria. by examining the possible nucleoside-metabolizing enzymes, it can be suggested that the pyrimidine s ... | 1984 | 6202675 |
| [specific effect of endonucleases from brevibacterium ammoniagenes on dna]. | the previously described deoxyribonucleases from brevibacterium ammoniagenes have been characterized. it was shown that they are endonucleases with molecular weights of 60 000 (i), 10 000 (ii) and 20 000 (iii). the rate of endonuclease i effect on native dna exceeded that on the denatured dna 2-fold. the mechanism of its action is of a single hit type. the enzyme hydrolyzes two chains of dna simultaneously in two symmetrical sites and splits the bond 5'-p to form fragments with terminal 5'-oh an ... | 1981 | 6268197 |
| incorporation of deoxyribonucleosides into dna of coryneform bacteria and the relevance of deoxyribonucleoside kinases. | in order to obtain basic knowledge of the salvage pathways for dna synthesis, the ability of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 and micrococcus luteus atcc 15932 for incorporation of nucleobases and nucleosides was investigated. only adenine and uracil are incorporated by b. ammoniagenes, whereas m. luteus additionally can utilize deoxyadenosine and, less efficiently, thymidine. in m. luteus, the demonstration of deoxyadenosine kinase and thymidine kinase explains the incorporation data. upta ... | 1982 | 6277626 |
| a high yield method for the preparative synthesis of coenzyme a by combination of chemical and enzymic reactions. | dried cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes are a good enzyme source for the preparative synthesis of coa from pantothenic acid, l-cysteine and atp. a problem with this synthesis is that the coa synthesis is repressed by negative feedback inhibition by coa to pantothenate kinase, the first step enzyme for the biosynthesis of coa, which catalyses phosphorylation of pantothenic acid or pantetheine. as the inhibition operates only at this step, a further increased yield is possible if the enzymic ph ... | 1983 | 6299790 |
| [free mycolic acids of the cells of coryneform and nocardia-like bacteria]. | the composition of free mycolic acids was studied in the cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6871, b. flavum 22, b. stationis atcc 14403, corynebacterium divaricatum atcc 14020 and rhodococcus maris imv 195. the acids are a mixture of saturated and unsaturated compounds with the total number of carbon atoms from 32 to 36 and the number of c atoms in the alpha-chain from 10 to 15. | 1984 | 6431238 |
| [nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide synthesis by microorganisms]. | the ability of five bacterial strains, i.e., brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872, brevibacterium flavum atcc 14067, brevibacterium 22, corynebacterium atcc 21084, micrococcus glutamicus atcc 13032, to utilize exogenous precursors (nicotinamide and adenine or atp) was investigated during nad synthesis under fermentation conditions and during incubation of acetone-dried cells. it was found that dry cells of brevibacterium three strains were most active. however, under fermentation conditions br. ... | 1981 | 6459575 |
| [effect of the surface-active substance n-cetylpyridinium chloride on the biosynthetic capacity of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872, a producer of nad]. | the effect of cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc), a cationic detergent, on the biosynthetic ability of the well known synthesizor of nucleotides brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 was studied. it was found that cpc increasing the cell permeability affects also the cell carbohydrate metabolism. at the definite ratio of cpc and biomass which depends on the composition of the incubating medium, a maximum formation of pentoses occurs that is of great importance for obtaining nad from the exogeneous p ... | 1984 | 6463036 |
| [effect of antibiotics on 5'-inosinic acid biosynthesis by a brevibacterium ammoniagenes mutant]. | the effect of streptomycin, erythromycin, kanamycin and penicillin on the biosynthesis of 5'-inosinic acid (imp) by the mutant strain brevibacterium ammoniagenes was studied. it has been found that the efficiency of antibiotic action depends not only in its concentration but on the age of the culture. when the antibiotics were introduced into the culture broth at the beginning of fermentation, they inhibited the culture growth and accumulation of imp in the cultural medium. only after 36-72 hour ... | 1983 | 6647419 |
| [production of genetic recombinants in brevibacterium ammoniagenes and brevibacterium divaricatum by protoplast fusion]. | | 1982 | 6757055 |
| [ratio of coryneform bacteria to the organic substance concentration]. | the effect of various organic substances and their concentrations on growth was studied with 10 strains of coryneform bacteria belonging to different taxonomic groups. the dynamics of the cultural growth depended on the nature of a substrate, glucose or acetate. arthrobacter globiformis 281, a. variabilis 289, nocardia erythropolis 236, n. globerula 502, n. minima 311 and n. rhodochrous 435 had a higher growth rate on acetate than on glucose. a. pascens 284, brevibacterium ammoniagenes 334, cory ... | 1980 | 6782432 |
| [development cycles of coryneform and nocardia-like bacteria]. | the growth cycles and the types of cell separation were studied in a microchamber with the collection strains of brevibacterium ammoniagenes attc 6871, b. helvolum atcc 19239, b. linens ccm 47 and atcc 9174, b. maris vkm b-464 and b. stationis atcc 14403, as well as with the strains of the genus rhodococcus isolated from soils, viz. r. maris sp. nov. imb 283 and r. luteus sp. nov. imb 385. according to the increasing complexity of cellular morphological transformation in the life cycle, the orga ... | 1980 | 6782438 |
| [differentiation of the genera of coryneform bacteria synthesizing amino acids and nucleotides]. | the morphological, cultural, physio-biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties as well as the content of gc in dna were studied in coryneform bacterial strains producing amino acids and nucleotides. it has been shown that brevibacterium ammoniagenes vkm 672, b. flavum 317a, b. stationis ccm 317 and corynebacterium vsti 301 should be assigned to the genus corynebacterium. the taxonomic significance of chemotaxonomic and physio-biochemical properties is discussed on the basis of the results obtaine ... | 1982 | 6803106 |
| [incorporation of adenine derivatives into the cells of brevibacterium ammoniagenes gana mutants producers of inosinic acid]. | the gana mutants (growth ability with nucleotides), overproducers of inosinic acid, were isolated with the aid of specially developed techniques aimed at obtaining mutants with the increased ability of assimilating adenine derivatives. the selection techniques used, as well as certain properties of gana mutants distinguishing them from their parent strains auxotropic for adenine, led to suggesting that gana mutation affects cell permeability for exogenous adenine derivatives. the present paper r ... | 1982 | 6890490 |
| steric course of deuterium incorporation from [2-2h2]malonyl-coa into fatty acids by fatty acid synthetases. | the steric course of the enoyl reduction catalyzed by fatty acid synthetase was investigated with the enzymes from bakers' yeast, rat liver and brevibacterium ammoniagenes. the non-enzymic hydrogen-deuterium exchange of the methylene group of malonyl-coa was studied by nmr spectroscopy. the half-life period of the methylene protons was 4.8 min at 37 degrees c and 12.2 min at 23 degrees c at p2h 7.5. deuterium-labeled fatty acids were synthesized by incubating the synthetases with [2-2h2]malonyl- ... | 1981 | 7037760 |
| propionyl-coa induced synthesis of even-chain-length fatty acids by fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the product distribution of brevibacterium ammoniagenes fatty acid synthetase has been investigated using propionyl-coa instead of acetyl-coa as the primer. the synthetase produces not only an odd-numbered fatty acid (heptadecanoic acid) but also even-numbered fatty acids (stearic and oleic acids) in the presence of propionyl-coa. the amounts of heptadecanoic, stearic and oleic acids increased with increasing concentration of propionyl-coa. however, the formation of heptadecenoic acid (c17:1) wa ... | 1982 | 7068555 |
| [study of nucleotide biosynthesis by cultured brevibacterium ammoniagenes using p31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy]. | using p31 nuclear magnetic resonance, transformations of phosphorous compounds by the culture brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 in the course of fermentation aimed at the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide were investigated. it was found that the nad synthesis by the cells treated with surface active substances was markedly influenced by the presence of a small (initial) atp quantity and was unaffected by an addition of the synthetic polyphosphate (n-40). it was demonstrated that ... | 1982 | 7079251 |
| structure of bacterial fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | hydrodynamic measurements and a cross-linking study with dimethyl suberimidate have shown that the native fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes is a hexameric protein having a molecular weight of 1.56 . 10(6). the subunits of the enzyme are identical in size (mr 2.6 . 10(5). the negatively stained fatty acid synthetase had an electron microscopic image of ellipsoidal structure with major and minor axes approximately equal to 270 a and 180 a, respectively. the electron microscopi ... | 1982 | 7171618 |
| stereochemical course of enoyl reduction catalyzed by fatty acid synthetase. stereochemistry of hydrogen incorporation from reduced pyridine nucleotide. | the stereochemical course of the enoyl reduction catalyzed by fatty acid synthetase was investigated using the enzymes from rat liver and brevibacterium ammoniagenes. deuterium-labeled fatty acids were synthesized by incubating the synthetases with either 4r-[4-2h1]- or 4s-[4-2h1]nadph. the deuterium-labeled fatty acids thus produced were subjected to the action of a stereospecific enzyme, acyl-coa oxidase. the deuterium-labeled fatty acids and 2,3-dehydroacyl thioesters, the products of acyl-co ... | 1980 | 7190971 |
| [adenine effect on the biosynthesis of 5'-inosinic acid by the mutant brevibacterium ammoniagenes 225-5]. | the effect of a temperature rise from 28 to 37 degrees c on the biosynthesis of 5'-inosine acid (imp) by the mutant brevibacterium ammoniagenes 225-5 was studied. the inhibitory effect of increased temperature on the imp biosynthesis was dependent on the adenine concentration. the study of imp synthesis on the media with different adenine concentrations showed that adenine controlled not only the synthesis of purines de novo but also, to a larger extent, so-called salvage imp synthesis from hypo ... | 1980 | 7384007 |
| substrate control of termination of fatty acid biosynthesis by fatty acid synthetase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the pattern of fatty acids produced by the fatty acid synthetase complex of brevibacterium ammoniagenes under several conditions was examined. the fatty acid synthetase obtained from b. ammoniagenes produced oleic acid as well as saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acids). the relative proportions of palmitic to stearic acids varied over a wide range. such alterations were dependent on the malonyl-coa concentration and the ratio of acetyl-coa to malonyl-coa concentrations. at malonyl-coa ... | 1980 | 7419496 |
| heat treatment of corynebacterium ammoniagenes leads to aeration dependent accumulation of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate. | 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec) identified as a new bacterial oxidative stress substance (ostrovsky d. et al. (1993) biochem. j., 295, 901-902) was shown to accumulate in corynebacterium (brevibacterium) ammoniagenes cells aerobically cultivated in peptone-yeast extract-glucose broth on heating for 1 hour at 45 degrees c. the enzyme(s) responsible for mec biosynthesis is evidently oxidized for activation and is completely loosing its activity on anaerobic incubation at this ... | 1995 | 7546212 |
| [oxidative stress and organic cyclopyrophosphates in bacteria]. | oxidative stress in nocardioform bacteria--corynebacterium (brevibacterium) ammoniagenes, micrococcus luteus and mycobacterium smegmatis--is accompanied by a significant accumulation of 2-c-methyl-d-erythrol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec), which is correlated with the ability of the producer to grow under stress. metabolic stability of mec in bacterial cells, its spontaneous isomerization into 1,2-cyclophospho-4-phosphate and the possibility of a genetic transfer of the mec-synthesizing capacity f ... | 1995 | 7696430 |
| cloning of fad synthetase gene from corynebacterium ammoniagenes and its application to fad and fmn production. | the cloning of a bifunctional fad synthetase gene, which shows flavokinase and fmn adenylyltransferase activities, from corynebacterium ammoniagenes was tried by hybridization with synthetic dnas corresponding to the n-terminal amino acid sequence. the cloned psti-digested 4.4 x 10(3)-base (4.4-kb) fragment could not express the fad synthetase activity in e. coli, but could increase the two activities by the same factor of about 20 in c. ammoniagenes. the fad-synthetase-gene-amplified c. ammonia ... | 1995 | 7765913 |
| nucleotide sequence of the fad synthetase gene from corynebacterium ammoniagenes and its expression in escherichia coli. | the nucleotides of a bifunctional enzyme fad synthetase gene, which showed both flavokinase and atp:fmn adenylyltransferase activities, from corynebacterium ammoniagenes were sequenced. the fad synthetase gene product consisted of 338 amino acids and had a calculated molecular weight of 37,712. the deduced protein sequence of the fad synthetase shared a homology with those of the protein x of escherichia coli, which has been reported to have both flavokinase and atp:fmn adenylyltransferase activ ... | 1995 | 7772835 |
| [stability of a new product of oxidative stress in bacterial cells]. | data on 32p-label incorporation with subsequent addition of non-radiolabelled o-phosphate suggest that the new phosphorus compound, 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec), accumulated in the cells of some bacterial species in response to oxidative stress does not rapidly exchange phosphorus with external o-phosphate 3 hours after the introduction of its synthesis inducers into the corynebacterium ammoniagenes culture. the accumulated mec is retained in the cells despite the action ... | 1995 | 7779986 |
| bacteria and pesticides: a new aspect of interaction--involvement of a new biofactor. | positively charged hydrophobic pesticides of the dipyridyl family [diquat, paraquat, benzylviologen (bv++), etc.] were shown to provoke accumulation of 2-methylbutane-1,2,3,4-tetraol-2,4- cyclopyrophosphate in the cells corynebacterium (brevibacterium) ammoniagenes while neutral dipyridyls were not. hydrophobicity was also an important factor in this phenomenon. of the other pesticides tested, only linuron was effective. bv++ also induced biosynthesis of the compound in rhodococcus rhodochrous, ... | 1994 | 7916959 |
| [effect of antiseptics and redox-cycling agents on corynebacterium ammoniagenes and related microorganisms in relation to synthesis of a new macroergic compound]. | sublethal concentration of the antiseptic composition desoxon-1 was shown to provoke in cells of corinebacterium ammoniagenes in a liquid medium the biosynthesis and accumulation of a novel macroergic 2-methylbutane-1,2,3,4-tetraol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate. this substance is also synthesized when c. ammoniagenes is cultivated in a solid agar medium supplemented with benzylviologen. cells preloaded with the new cyclopyrophosphate maintain its content when treated with 4% phenol, dp-2, desoxon-1 or ... | 1994 | 7990732 |
| separate enzymes catalyze the final two steps of coenzyme a biosynthesis in brevibacterium ammoniagenes: purification of pantetheine phosphate adenylyltransferase. | we have discovered that the final two steps in coenzyme a biosynthesis in brevibacterium ammoniagenes are catalyzed by distinct enzymes, readily separated by deae sepharose anion exchange chromatography. this is in contrast to mammalian tissues in which these two reactions are catalyzed by a single bifunctional enzyme (worrall, d.m., and tubbs, p.k. (1983) biochem. j. 215, 153-157) and bakers yeast in which these two activities have been identified as part of a multifunctional complex (bucovaz, ... | 1993 | 8389542 |
| numerical analysis of fatty and mycolic acid profiles of corynebacterium urealyticum and other related corynebacteria. | the fatty and mycolic acid profiles of 52 strains of clinical origin belonging to corynebacterium urealyticum were subjected to numerical analysis along with those of representative members of corynebacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium bovis, corynebacterium glutamicum, corynebacterium jèikeium, corynebacterium minutissimum, corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, corynebacterium xerosis, corynebacterium renale, corynebacterium cystitidis, "corynebacterium ul ... | 1993 | 8397966 |
| [relationship between the synthesis of a new stress response component and bacterial cell metabolism]. | various stress factors (incubation with redox-cycling agents, ozonization, heat shock) that induced accumulation of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec) were also shown to induce various alterations of the phospholipid composition in three microbial species: corynebacterium ammoniagenes, micrococcus luteus, and staphylococcus aureus. the influence of adding 10 carbohydrates to the growth medium on mec accumulation by c. ammoniagenes cells was tested. only glucose and mannose exer ... | 1995 | 8544784 |
| the purification and characterisation of flavin adenine dinucleotide phosphohydrolase from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | | 1996 | 8674672 |
| identification and functional differentiation of two type i fatty acid synthases in brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the fatty acid synthase (fas) from brevibacterium ammoniagenes is a homohexameric multienzyme complex that catalyzes the synthesis of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. by immunological screening of a b. ammoniagenes expression library, an fas dna fragment was isolated and subsequently used to clone the entire gene together with its flanking sequences. within 10,525 bp of sequenced dna, the 9,189-bp fas coding region was identified, corresponding to a protein of 3,063 amino acids with a ... | 1996 | 8759839 |
| detection of a stable free radical in the b2 subunit of the manganese ribonucleotide reductase (mn-rrase) of corynebacterium ammoniagenes. | ribonucleotide reductases catalyze the irreversible reductive formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleotides required for dna replication and cell proliferation, and a radical mechanism was assumed to be involved in this reaction. in order to search for a radical in the aerobic manganese ribonucleotide reductase (mn-rrase) by electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) the native metal-containing 100 kda b2 subunit was deliberately prepared from the wild type strain corynebacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872. enric ... | 1996 | 8804990 |
| the ability of a recombinant escherichia coli strain to synthesize 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate correlates with its tolerance to in vitro induced oxidative stress and to the bactericidal action of murine peritoneal macrophages. | a number of bacteria are able to synthesize 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (boss) in response to oxidative stress. here we show that the ability to synthesize boss can be genetically transferred from corynebacterium ammoniagenes to escherichia coli. a total dna library from c. ammoniagenes atcc 6872 established in the pbluescript skii+vector backbone was transfected into e. coli xl-1 blue. recombinant clone 2-31, which was resistant to redox-cycling agents, was selected. nmr stud ... | 1996 | 8867463 |
| genomic organization of purk and pure in brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872: pure locus provides a clue for genomic evolution. | from the genomic library of brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc6872, the pure locus encoding 5'-phosphoribosyl-5-aminoimidazole (air) carboxylase (ec 4.1.1.21) was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. from the sequence analysis, two distinct open reading frames (orfs) in the sequence of the pure locus were identified as purk and pure genes (purk-pure). an in vivo translation experiment reconfirmed the purk and pure genes to be independent. the genomic organization in the pure locus of ... | 1996 | 8998996 |
| [participation of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate in reactions of bacteria on oxidative stress and their persistence in macrophages]. | in aerated medium, corynebacterium ammoniagenes cells accumulate 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec) during heat shock and in the presence of o2--generating compounds or ozone. the ability to accumulate mec was genetically transformed from c. ammoniagenes to e. coli xl-1; transformed e. coli (2-31 clone) accumulates mec in the presence of glucose and glucose oxidase (generation of h2o2) or benzylviologen (generation of o2-); the viability of transformed bacteria inside the murin ... | 1996 | 9035742 |
| identification of yeasts and coryneform bacteria from the surface microflora of brick cheeses. | coryneform bacteria and yeasts of 21 brick cheeses from six german dairies, produced by using undefined ripening cultures, were identified. arthrobacter nicotianae, brevibacterium linens, corynebacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium variabilis and rhodococcus fascians were found in significant numbers. out of 148 coryneform isolates 36 could not be identified at the species level. with the exception of a large rennet cheese, the coryneform microflora of rennet and acid cured cheeses were simila ... | 1997 | 9039559 |
| temperature-sensitive mutants of corynebacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 with a defective large subunit of the manganese-containing ribonucleotide reductase. | chemical mutagenesis of the nucleotide-producing strain corynebacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 with n-methyl-n-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine followed by an enrichment protocol yielded 46 temperature-sensitive (ts) clones. a rapid assay for the allosterically regulated mn-ribonucleotide reductase (rrase) was developed with nucleotide-permeable cells of c. ammoniagenes in order to screen for possible defects in dna precursor biosynthesis at elevated temperature. three mutants (ch 31, ch 32, and ch 33) ... | 1997 | 9094230 |
| enzymatic production of pyrimidine nucleotides using corynebacterium ammoniagenes cells and recombinant escherichia coli cells: enzymatic production of cdp-choline from orotic acid and choline chloride (part i). | enzymatic production of cytidine diphosphate choline (cdp-choline) using orotic acid and choline chloride as substrates was investigated using a 200-ml beaker as a reaction vessel. when cornybacterium ammoniagenes ky13505 cells were used as the enzyme source, ump was accumulated up to 28.6 g/liter (77.6 mm) from orotic acid after 26 h of reaction. in this reaction, udp and utp were also accumulated, but ctp, a direct precursor of cdp-choline, was not accumulated sufficiently. escherichia coli jf ... | 1997 | 9214753 |
| construction of a plasmid carrying both ctp synthetase and a fused gene formed from cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase and choline kinase genes and its application to industrial cdp-choline production: enzymatic production of cdp-choline from orotic acid (part ii). | a new method for enzymatic production of cytidine diphosphate choline (cdp-choline) from orotic acid and choline chloride was developed. to establish an industrial manufacturing process, we constructed a plasmid, pckg55, which simultaneously expressed in escherichia coli the three following enzymes; ctp synthetase (encoded by the pyrg gene from e. coli), cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase (encoded by the cct gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae), and choline kinase (encoded by the cki gene from ... | 1997 | 9214754 |
| heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of two functionally different type i fatty acid synthases from brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | the coryneform bacterium, brevibacterium ammoniagenes, contains two structurally related but functionally differentiated type i fatty acid synthases, fas-a and fas-b. isolation of homogeneous preparations of both enzymes was achieved by constructing specific fasa and fasb expression systems. in b. ammoniagenes, insertional mutagenesis of fasb allowed the specific production of enzymatically active fas-a. the corresponding fasa mutant was not suited for fas-b purification as the level of this enz ... | 1997 | 9249036 |
| identification, isolation and biochemical characterization of a phosphopantetheine:protein transferase that activates the two type-i fatty acid synthases of brevibacterium ammoniagenes. | upon heterologous expression of the brevibacterium ammoniagenes type-i fatty acid synthase fas-a in escherichia coli, only the pantetheine-free apoenzyme is synthesized. activation of fas-a to its holoform was achieved by transformation with a second b. ammoniagenes gene, ppt1, encoding a type-i fas-specific phosphopantetheine transferase. ppt1 was identified as a coding sequence located immediately downstream of the second fas gene present on the b. ammoniagenes genome, fasb. due to this linkag ... | 1997 | 9346306 |
| a novel process of inosine 5'-monophosphate production using overexpressed guanosine/inosine kinase. | a novel process for producing inosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-imp) has been demonstrated. the process consists of two sequential bioreactions; the first is a fermentation of inosine by a mutant of corynebacterium ammoniagenes, and the second is a unique phosphorylating reaction of inosine by guanosine/inosine kinase (gikase). gikase was produced by an escherichia coli recombinant strain, mc1000(pik75), which overexpressed the enzyme up to 50% of the total cellular protein. the overproducing plasmid ... | 1997 | 9457797 |
| the manganese-containing ribonucleotide reductase of corynebacterium ammoniagenes is a class ib enzyme. | ribonucleotide reductases (rnrs) are key enzymes in living cells that provide the precursors of dna synthesis. the three characterized classes of rnrs differ by their metal cofactor and their stable organic radical. we have purified to near homogeneity the enzymatically active mn-containing rnr of corynebacterium ammoniagenes, previously claimed to represent a fourth rnr class. n-terminal and internal peptide sequence analyses clearly indicate that the c. ammoniagenes rnr is a class ib enzyme. i ... | 1998 | 9468481 |
| a divalent metal site in the small subunit of the manganese-dependent ribonucleotide reductase of corynebacterium ammoniagenes. | based on its metallo-cofactor, the manganese-dependent ribonucleotide reductase (mn-rrase) responsible for delivery of dna precursors in the mn-requiring gram-positive bacterium corynebacterium (formerly brevibacterium) ammoniagenes atcc 6872 is no longer considered as a simple analogue of the aerobic fe-rrase of escherichia coli but as the prototype of the class iv enzymes (1). deliberate dissociation of the mn-rrase holoenzyme and an improved sample preparation of the dimeric ca2 protein allow ... | 1998 | 9609691 |
| proposed steady-state kinetic mechanism for corynebacterium ammoniagenes fad synthetase produced by escherichia coli. | the bifunctional enzyme, fad synthetase (fs), from corynebacterium ammoniagenes was overproduced in escherichia coli and purified, and its steady-state kinetic properties were investigated. although fmn is an intermediate product in the conversion of riboflavin to fad, fmn must be released after formation, and then rebind for adenylylation. it was shown that adenylylation of fmn is reversible; fad and pyrophosphate can be converted to fmn and atp by the enzyme. in contrast, under the conditions ... | 1998 | 9657684 |
| a novel phosphopantetheine:protein transferase activating yeast mitochondrial acyl carrier protein. | in saccharomyces cerevisiae, the low molecular weight acyl carrier protein (acp) of mitochondrial type ii fatty acid synthase (fas) and the cytoplasmic type i fas multienzyme contain 4'-phosphopantetheine as a prosthetic group. sequence alignment studies with the recently isolated phosphopantetheine:protein transferase (pptase), ppt1p, from brevibacterium ammoniagenes revealed the yeast open reading frame, ypl148c, as a potential pptase gene (25% identical and 43% conserved amino acids). in acco ... | 1998 | 9712852 |
| large-scale production of udp-galactose and globotriose by coupling metabolically engineered bacteria. | a large-scale production system of uridine 5'-diphospho-galactose (udp-gal) has been established by the combination of recombinant escherichia coli and corynebacterium ammoniagenes. recombinant e. coli that overexpress the udp-gal biosynthetic genes galt, galk, and galu were generated. c. ammoniagenes contribute the production of uridine triphosphate (utp), a substrate for udp-gal biosynthesis, from orotic acid, an inexpensive precursor of utp. udp-gal accumulated to 72 mm (44 g/l) after a 21 h ... | 1998 | 9743118 |
| effect of oxidative stress on the biosynthesis of 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate and isoprenoids by several bacterial strains. | in this study, the gram-negative bacteria xanthomonas campestris, xanthomonas maltophilia, and pseudomonas putida, facultative parasites of plants and animals, were shown to accumulate 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclopyrophosphate (mec) in response to benzyl-viologen-induced oxidative stress. corynebacterium ammoniagenes mutants capable of accumulating mec in the absence of an exogenous oxidative stress inducer were obtained. isoprenoid synthesis and mec synthesis in these and other bacteria we ... | 1998 | 9871022 |
| the ribr gene encodes a monofunctional riboflavin kinase which is involved in regulation of the bacillus subtilis riboflavin operon. | a 3.5 kb ecori-bamhi fragment of bacillus subtilis chromosomal dna carrying the ribr gene, involved in regulation of the b. subtilis riboflavin operon, was cloned in the b. subtilis-escherichia coli shuttle vector pcb20. dna sequence analysis of this fragment revealed several orfs, one of which encodes a polypeptide of 230 amino acids with up to 45% sequence identity with fad synthetases from a number of micro-organisms, such as corynebacterium ammoniagenes, e. coli and pseudomonas fluorescens, ... | 1999 | 10206712 |
| large-scale production of n-acetyllactosamine through bacterial coupling. | a large-scale production system of n-acetyllactosamine, a core structure of various oligosaccharides, was established by a whole-cell reaction through the combination of recombinant escherichia coli strains and corynebacterium ammoniagenes. two recombinant e. coli strains over-expressed the udp-gal biosynthetic genes and the beta-(1-->4)-galactosyltransferase gene of neisseria gonorrhoeae, respectively. c. ammoniagenes contributed the production of utp from orotic acid. n-acetyllactosamine was a ... | 1999 | 10420596 |
| ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) of corynebacterium glutamicum atcc 13032--genetic characterization of a second class iv enzyme. | ribonucleotide reductases (rnrs) encoded by nrd (nucleotide reduction) genes are unique enzymes providing the dna precursors in all living organisms and several viruses. the designation of four classes of rnrs reflects their use of diverse metallo-cofactors. using oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved domains of the primary structure of known nrda and nrde proteins, an internal 938 bp fragment of the nrde gene was amplified from genomic dna of corynebacterium glutamicum. with this pcr p ... | 1999 | 10439398 |
| [atp and polyphosphate-dependent bacterial nad+-kinases]. | measurable levels of activity of nad+ kinases of actinomycetes micrococcus luteus and corynebacterium ammoniagenes were observed after substituting inorganic tripolyphosphate for atp, whereas the enzyme from the eubacterium escherichia coli was not active with this substrate. gradient page found two molecular isoforms of nad+ kinase in c. ammoniagenes and e. coli; four forms were found in m. luteus. all isoforms of this enzyme found in c. ammoniagenes and m. luteus displayed a nadp-synthesizing ... | 2000 | 10779996 |
| the active form of the r2f protein of class ib ribonucleotide reductase from corynebacterium ammoniagenes is a diferric protein. | corynebacterium ammoniagenes contains a ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) of the class ib type. the small subunit (r2f) of the enzyme has been proposed to contain a manganese center instead of the dinuclear iron center, which in other class i rnrs is adjacent to the essential tyrosyl radical. the nrdf gene of c. ammoniagenes, coding for the r2f component, was cloned in an inducible escherichia coli expression vector and overproduced under three different conditions: in manganese-supplemented medium ... | 2000 | 10801858 |
| salvage pathway for nad biosynthesis in brevibacterium ammoniagenes: regulatory properties of triphosphate-dependent nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase. | as the rate-limiting enzyme, catalyzing the first reaction in nad salvage synthesis, nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase (naprtase, ec 2.4.2.11) is of important interest for studies of intracellular pyridine nucleotide pool regulation. we have purified naprtase 520-fold from brevibacterium ammoniagenes atcc 6872 without using an over-expression system by applying acid treatment, salt fractionation, ca-phosphate gel treatment, anion exchange column chromatography and size-exclusion gel filtratio ... | 2000 | 10825532 |