| culture-independent analysis of fecal microbiota in infants, with special reference to bifidobacterium species. | fecal microbiota of 31 breast-fed, 26 mix-fed, and 11 bottle-fed infants were analyzed by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp), and culture method. we first determined the total and cultivated bacterial counts in infant fecal microbiota. only approximately 30% of bacteria present in fecal microbiota were cultivable while the remainder was yet-to-be cultured bacteria. sixty-eight fecal samples were divided into two clusters (i and ii) by t-rflp analysis, and then subdi ... | 2005 | 15686844 |
| in vitro fermentability of human milk oligosaccharides by several strains of bifidobacteria. | this study was conducted to investigate the catabolism and fermentation of human milk oligosaccharides (hmo) by individual strains of bifidobacteria. oligosaccharides were isolated from a pooled sample of human milk using solid-phase extraction, and then added to a growth medium as the sole source of fermentable carbohydrate. of five strains of bifidobacteria tested (bifidobacterium longum biovar infantis, bifidobacterium bifidum, bifidobacterium longum biovar longum, bifidobacterium breve, and ... | 2007 | 17966141 |
| exopolysaccharides produced by bifidobacterium longum ipla e44 and bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ipla r1 modify the composition and metabolic activity of human faecal microbiota in ph-controlled batch cultures. | exopolysaccharides (eps) isolated from two bifidobacterium strains, one of human intestinal origin (bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum ipla e44) and the other from dairy origin (bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ipla r1), were subjected to in vitro chemically simulated gastrointestinal digestion, which showed the absence of degradation of both polymers in these conditions. polymers were then used as carbon sources in ph-controlled faecal batch cultures and compared with the non-prebiotic ... | 2009 | 19735956 |
| [genetic instability of probiotic characteristics in the bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum b379m strain during cultivation and maintenance]. | the stability of inheriting several genes in the russian commercial strain bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum b379m during cultivation and maintenance under laboratory conditions has been studied. the examined genes code for probiotic characteristics, such as utilization of several sugars (laca2 gene, encoding beta-galactosidase; ara gene, encoding arabinosidase; and gala gene, encoding arabinogalactan endo-beta-galactosidase); synthesis of bacteriocins (lans gene, encoding lanthionine synthet ... | 2012 | 23297484 |
| Controlled gene expression in bifidobacteria by use of a bile-responsive element. | The promoter activity of the upstream region of the bile-inducible gene betA from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum NCC2705 was characterized. DNA fragments were cloned into the reporter vector pMDYAbfB, and the arabinofuranosidase activity was determined under different in vitro conditions. A segment of 469 bp was found to be the smallest operational unit that retains bile inducibility. The reporter activity was strongly affected by the presence of ox gall, cholate, and conjugated cholate, b ... | 2012 | 22081575 |
| genotyping of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum strains by multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis. | a multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis (mlva) scheme was developed and 44 isolates of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum were typed, including 5 isolates recovered during a clinical trial. the mlva scheme generated 19 profiles and proved to be a fast, reliable and relatively cheap typing method. | 2011 | 22019451 |
| genetic analysis and morphological identification of pilus-like structures in members of the genus bifidobacterium. | background: cell surface pili in gram positive bacteria have been reported to orchestrate the colonization of host tissues, evasion of immunity and the development of biofilms. so far, little if any information is available on the presence of pilus-like structures in human gut commensals like bifidobacteria. results and discussion: in this report, atomic force microscopy (afm) of various bifidobacterial strains belonging to bifidobacterium bifidum, bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, bifidobac ... | 2011 | 21995649 |
| complete genome sequence of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum kacc 91563. | bifidobacterium longum strains predominate in the colonic microbiota of breast-fed infants. here we report the complete genome sequence of b. longum subsp. longum kacc 91563, isolated from feces of neonates. a single circular chromosome of 2,385,301 bp contains 1,980 protein-coding genes, 56 trna genes, and 3 rrna operons. | 2011 | 21742881 |
| physiology of the consumption of human milk oligosaccharides by infant-gut associated bifidobacteria. | the bifidogenic effect of human milk oligosaccharides (hmos) has long been known, yet the precise mechanism underlying it remains unresolved. recent studies show that some species/subspecies of bifidobacteria are equipped with genetic and enzymatic sets dedicated to the utilization of hmos, and consequently they can grow on hmos; however, the ability to metabolize hmos has not been directly linked to the actual metabolic behavior of the bacteria. in this report, we clarify the fate of each hmo d ... | 2011 | 21832085 |
| transmission of intestinal bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum strains from mother to infant determined by multilocus sequencing typing and amplified fragment length polymorphism. | the gastrointestinal tract of neonates is colonized by bacteria immediately after birth. it has been discussed that one of the participants in the composition of the neonates' intestinal microbiota, are strains transferred from their mother. although some studies have indicated the possible bacterial transfer from the mother to the newborn, this is the first report confirming the transfer of bifidobacteria at the strain level. here, we investigated the mother-to-infant transmission of bifidobact ... | 2011 | 21821739 |
| oxidative stress-related responses of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum bbmn68 at the proteomic level after exposure to oxygen. | bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum bbmn68, an anaerobic probiotic isolated from healthy centenarian faeces, shows low oxygen (3?%, v/v) tolerance. to understand the effects of oxidative stress and the mechanisms protecting against it in this strain, a proteomic approach was taken to analyse changes in the cellular protein profiles of bbmn68 under the following oxygen-stress conditions. mid-exponential phase bbmn68 cells grown in mrs broth at 37 °c were exposed to 3?% o(2) for 1 h (i) or 9 h (i ... | 2011 | 21349974 |
| complete genome sequence of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum bbmn68, a new strain from a healthy chinese centenarian. | bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum bbmn68 was isolated from the feces of a healthy centenarian living in an area of bama, guangxi, china, known for longevity. here we report the main genome features of b. longum strain bbmn68 and the identification of several predicted proteins associated with the ecological niche of longevity. | 2010 | 21097614 |
| polymorphism and distribution of putative cell-surface adhesin-encoding orfs among human fecal isolates of bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. | the polymorphism of orfs encoding putative cell-surface adhesins was investigated in bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum. firstly, we performed a pcr assay targeting 15 orfs encoding putative adhesion proteins, which included 8 orfs with a sortase targeting lpxtg motif, in 42 strains of different pulsotypes isolated from fecal samples from 12 human individuals. we found a variability in the presence of an orf, bl0675, which encodes a putative fimbrial subunit protein. we sequenced orfs correspo ... | 2011 | 20862609 |
| non-oral bifidobacteria and the aciduric microbiota of the denture plaque biofilm. | the microbiota of the denture plaque biofilm colonizing the fitting surface of dentures in edentulous subjects with healthy palates (n = 20) and in edentulous subjects with denture stomatitis (n = 20) was studied. the numbers of bacteria colonizing the dentures of healthy subjects was significantly less than the numbers colonizing the dentures of stomatitis subjects. the proportions and frequency of isolation of mutans streptococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and yeasts were significantly (p < ... | 2010 | 20536746 |
| distribution of in vitro fermentation ability of lacto-n-biose i, a major building block of human milk oligosaccharides, in bifidobacterial strains. | this study investigated the potential utilization of lacto-n-biose i (lnb) by individual strains of bifidobacteria. lnb is a building block for the human milk oligosaccharides, which have been suggested to be a factor for selective growth of bifidobacteria. a total of 208 strains comprising 10 species and 4 subspecies were analyzed for the presence of the galacto-n-biose/lacto-n-biose i phosphorylase (glnbp) gene (lnpa) and examined for growth when lnb was used as the sole carbohydrate source. w ... | 2010 | 19854932 |
| sugar source modulates exopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum crc 002. | the effect of four sugars (glucose, galactose, lactose and fructose) on exopolysaccharide (eps) production by bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum crc 002 was evaluated. more eps was produced when crc 002 was grown on lactose in the absence of ph control, with a production of 1080+/-120 mg eps l(-1) (p<0.01) after 24 h of incubation. for fructose, galactose and glucose, eps production was similar, at 512+/-63, 564+/-165 and 616+/-93 mg eps l(-1), respectively. the proposed repeating unit composi ... | 2010 | 19850611 |
| in vitro kinetics of prebiotic inulin-type fructan fermentation by butyrate-producing colon bacteria: implementation of online gas chromatography for quantitative analysis of carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas production. | kinetic analyses of bacterial growth, carbohydrate consumption, and metabolite production of five butyrate-producing clostridial cluster xiva colon bacteria grown on acetate plus fructose, oligofructose, inulin, or lactate were performed. a gas chromatography method was set up to assess h2 and co2 production online and to ensure complete coverage of all metabolites produced. method accuracy was confirmed through the calculation of electron and carbon recoveries. fermentations with anaerostipes c ... | 2009 | 19633122 |
| bile-inducible efflux transporter from bifidobacterium longum ncc2705, conferring bile resistance. | bifidobacteria are normal inhabitants of the human gut. some strains of this genus are considered health promoting or probiotic, being included in numerous food products. in order to exert their health benefits, these bacteria must overcome biological barriers, including bile salts, to colonize and survive in specific parts of the intestinal tract. the role of multidrug resistance (mdr) transporters in bile resistance of probiotic bacteria and the effect of bile on probiotic gene expression are ... | 2009 | 19304838 |
| construction, characterization and exemplificative application of bioluminescent bifidobacterium longum biovar longum. | the aim of this work was to construct a bifidobacterial biosensor that could be used to analyze the metabolic state of cells. we transformed by electroporation the human intestinal bacterium bifidobacterium longum biovar longum with a vector (pgbl8b) containing the insect luciferase gene from a click beetle (pyrophorus plagiophthalamus) and studied the basic parameters affecting light production in the bioluminescent phenotype. we detected a minimum of 4000 cells, which indicates that the insect ... | 2008 | 18471916 |
| proposal to reclassify the three biotypes of bifidobacterium longum as three subspecies: bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum subsp. nov., bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis comb. nov. and bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis comb. nov. | in the year 2002, bifidobacterium longum, bifidobacterium infantis and bifidobacterium suis were unified into a single species, bifidobacterium longum, preserving the former species names through the creation of the three biotypes 'longum', 'infantis' and 'suis'. consequently, the use of the species names b. infantis and b. suis was to be discontinued. the above taxonomic rearrangement of b. longum was based on dna-dna hybridizations and 16s rrna and hsp60 gene sequence analysis. however, a vari ... | 2008 | 18398167 |
| molecular characterization of bifidobacterium longum biovar longum nal8 plasmids and construction of a novel replicon screening system. | in this study, we performed molecular characterization and sequence analysis of three plasmids from the human intestinal isolate bifidobacterium longum biovar longum nal8 and developed a novel vector screening system. plasmids pnal8h (10 kb) and pnal8m (4.9 kb) show close sequence similarity to and the same gene organization as the already characterized b. longum plasmids. the b. longum plasmid pnac1 was identified as being most closely related to pnal8l (3.5 kb). however, dna sequence analysis ... | 2007 | 17151871 |