| a special report: four-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency maintained in strict reverse isolation from birth. | a 4-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency is presented, and the impact of this disease on various aspects of his growth and development is examined. there is no evidence of immune deficiency in either parent or in the genetic background on the maternal side. three children of a brother of the mother's father may have had immune deficiencies but two have grown to be teenagers with no problems. another died. at autopsy, however, lymph nodes appeared normal. the deceased older brother ... | 1977 | 401538 |
| first isolation of clostridium paraperfringens from necropsy material. | | 1979 | 431442 |
| characterization of the neurotoxin isolated from a clostridium baratii strain implicated in infant botulism. | botulism is widely known to result from ingestion of food containing botulinum neurotoxin produced in situ by certain strains of clostridium botulinum. infant botulism caused by c. botulinum, unlike the food-borne intoxication, is the toxicoinfectious form of botulism (s. s. arnon, p. 331-345, in g. e. lewis, ed., biomedical aspects of botulism, 1981). the strain of clostridium baratii implicated in infant botulism produced a neurotoxin that was neutralized with antiserum for botulinum neurotoxi ... | 1992 | 1730484 |
| identification of clostridium botulinum, clostridium argentinense, and related organisms by cellular fatty acid analysis. | on the basis of 686 analyses of 285 strains of clostridium botulinum, clostridium argentinense (formerly c. botulinum type g), and phenotypically related organisms, 14 cellular fatty acid (cfa) groups of toxic organisms and 6 cfa groups of nontoxic organisms were delineated. the cfa groups of toxic strains included two of type a, three of proteolytic strains of type b, two of proteolytic strains of type f, one each of nonproteolytic strains of types b, e, and f, and one each of types c alpha, c ... | 1991 | 1864927 |
| genetic confirmation of identities of neurotoxigenic clostridium baratii and clostridium butyricum implicated as agents of infant botulism. | two unusual neurotoxigenic clostridia isolated from fecal specimens from patients with type f and type e infant botulism were phenotypically identical to the existing species clostridium baratii and c. butyricum, respectively. dna hybridization experiments confirmed that one strain was c. baratii and that the other was c. butyricum. these species therefore do contain neurotoxigenic strains and are possible causes of infant botulism. | 1988 | 3183004 |
| isolation of an organism resembling clostridium barati which produces type f botulinal toxin from an infant with botulism. | all reported cases of infant botulism except one have been caused by proteolytic strains (group i) of clostridium botulinum, toxin types a or b. we describe the cultural and biochemical characteristics of the causative organism of this singular case of infant botulism, caused by type f botulinal toxin. although this organism produces type f botulinal toxin, it is quite different from proteolytic (group i) c. botulinum, being more closely related to clostridium barati. | 1985 | 3988908 |
| inhibitory effect of a copper-dipeptide complex on the establishment of a clostridium perenne strain in the intestinal tract of gnotobiotic mice. | a semisynthetic diet fed to axenic mice was found to prevent the establishment of a clostridium perenne strain in their intestinal tract. this inhibitory effect did not occur when axenic mice were preinoculated with a strain of clostridium difficile. the inhibitory effect was related to the presence in the intestinal contents of axenic mice of both dietary copper and a dipeptide, aspartic-epsilon-lysine. when c. difficile was inoculated into axenic mice, the dipeptide disappeared from the digest ... | 1985 | 4091557 |
| a second case of infant botulism type f caused by clostridium baratii. | | 1995 | 8584326 |
| botulism due to clostridium baratii type f toxin. | botulism results from consumption of preformed toxin or in vivo toxin elaboration in wounds or intestine. of u.s. food-borne botulism cases since 1950, the majority were due to toxin a, but a significant number of suspect cases were never confirmed by culture or toxin detection. we report here a possible case of food-borne botulism attributed to toxin f production by a clostridium baratii organism isolated from food consumed by the patient. the isolation of a toxin-producing clostridium species ... | 2002 | 12037104 |
| first case of infant botulism caused by clostridium baratii type f in california. | in late 2003 a severely hypotonic neonate, just 38 h old at onset of illness, was found to have infant botulism caused by neurotoxigenic clostridium baratii type f. environmental investigations failed to identify a source of this strain. this is the youngest patient reported to have infant botulism and the fifth instance of infant botulism caused by c. baratii type f. | 2005 | 16082001 |
| adult botulism type f in the united states, 1981-2002. | clostridium botulinum neurotoxin types a, b, and e cause most cases of the paralytic disease botulism. little is known about the epidemiology, clinical features, or microbiology of botulism type f. | 2005 | 16344510 |
| evaluation of acid phosphatase as a confirmation test for clostridium perfringens isolated from water. | to evaluate testing for acid phosphatase as an alternative method for the confirmation of clostridium perfringens isolated from water. | 2006 | 16599998 |
| quality of silages from italian farms as attested by number and identity of microbial indicators. | this study evaluated the quality and possible hygiene risks related to farm-made silages by analysing the presence and number of micro-organisms that influence the preservation and safety in samples from four italian regions. | 2007 | 17953581 |
| real-time pcr detection of the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin gene as a rapid screening method for bacterial isolates harboring the botulinum neurotoxin (a-g) gene complex. | botulinum neurotoxin (bont) producing clostridia contain genes encoding a specific neurotoxin serotype (a-g) and nontoxic associated proteins that form the toxin complex. the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin (ntnh) is a conserved component of the toxin complex in all seven toxin types. a real-time pcr assay that utilizes a locked nucleic acid hydrolysis probe to target the ntnh gene was developed to detect bacterial strains harboring the botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster. the specificity of the assay f ... | 2007 | 17961766 |
| clostridium baratii bacteremia associated with kawasaki syndrome. first case report. | we experienced a case of a 3-year-old boy who presented signs and symptoms of kawasaki syndrome. two blood culture sets were processed by the hospital microbiology laboratory using a standard blood culturing system. the anaerobic bottles gave a positive result at day 3 after inoculation. the biochemical profiles produced by the rapid ana ii system showed that the organism was clostridium baratii with a probability of 99%. our case highlights the importance of c. baratii as a potential human path ... | 2007 | 18080686 |
| different substrate recognition requirements for cleavage of synaptobrevin-2 by clostridium baratii and clostridium botulinum type f neurotoxins. | botulinum neurotoxins (bonts) cause botulism, which can be fatal if it is untreated. bonts cleave proteins necessary for nerve transmission, resulting in paralysis. the in vivo protein target has been reported for all seven serotypes of bont, i.e., serotypes a to g. knowledge of the cleavage sites has led to the development of several assays to detect bont based on its ability to cleave a peptide substrate derived from its in vivo protein target. most serotypes of bont can be subdivided into sub ... | 2010 | 21169446 |
| type f botulism due to neurotoxigenic clostridium baratii from an unknown source in an adult. | type f botulism was confirmed in a 54-year-old male with signs compatible with botulism who reported to the emergency unit of a hospital. botulinal neurotoxin was detected in the patient's serum and fecal specimens, and a neurotoxigenic organism whose physiologic characteristics correspond to those of clostridium baratii was isolated. the toxin produced by the isolate was neutralized by type f botulinal antitoxin and cross-neutralized with lower efficiency by type e antitoxin. the patient's food ... | 1991 | 1774272 |
| genetic characteristics of toxigenic clostridia and toxin gene evolution. | clostridia comprise a heterogenous group of environmental bacteria containing 15 pathogenic species, which produce the most potent toxins. the origin of toxins is still enigmatic. it is hypothesized that toxins exhibiting an enzymatic activity have derived from hydrolytic enzymes, which are abundantly secreted by these bacteria, and that pore-forming toxins have evolved from an ancestor transmembrane protein. the presence of related toxin genes in distinct clostridium species and the variability ... | 2013 | 23707611 |
| diagnosing clostridial enteric disease in poultry. | the world's poultry industry has grown into a multibillion-dollar business, the success of which hinges on healthy intestinal tracts, which result in effective feed conversion. enteric disease in poultry can have devastating economic effects on producers, due to high mortality rates and poor feed efficiency. clostridia are considered to be among the most important agents of enteric disease in poultry. diagnosis of enteric diseases produced by clostridia is usually challenging, mainly because man ... | 2013 | 23572451 |
| remanent effect of some dietary regimens on the establishment of two clostridium strains in the digestive tract of gnotobiotic mice. | axenic mice and rats fed different diets were associated only with two strains of clostridium. the first one identified as clostridium perenne was isolated from the fecal dominant flora of an adult rat. the second one belonging to the group i of clostridium was isolated from the dominant flora of the feces from a piglet. both strains were capable of becoming established in the digestive tract of animals fed dietary regimens called "permissive", while they did not become established in animals fe ... | 1981 | 7223702 |
| experimental infection of gnotobiotic mice with campylobacter jejuni: colonisation of intestine and spread to lymphoid and reticulo-endothelial organs. | axenic and monoxenic c3h mice were used to develop an animal model for enteroinvasiveness and translocation of campylobacter jejuni. after oral administration of 10(7)-10(8) viable cells of c. jejuni on day 0 (d0), bacterial colonisation was followed quantitatively during 23 days by counting free luminal bacteria and tissue-associated bacteria in the duodenum, ileum and colon. the kinetics of bacterial colonisation were the same in axenic and monoxenic mice; bacteria were more numerous in distal ... | 1985 | 4045991 |
| conserved structure of genes encoding components of botulinum neurotoxin complex m and the sequence of the gene coding for the nontoxic component in nonproteolytic clostridium botulinum type f. | for investigation of the genes of proteins associated in vivo with botulinum neurotoxin (bont), polymerase chain reaction (pcr) experiments were carried out with oligonucleotide primers designed to regions of the nontoxic-nonhemagglutinin (ntnh) gene of clostridium botulinum type c. the primers were used to amplify a dna fragment from genomic dna of c. botulinum types a, b, e, f, g and toxigenic strains of clostridium barati and clostridium butyricum. the amplified product from all of these stra ... | 1994 | 7764998 |
| beta-aspartyl-epsilon-lysine, a peptide of the fecal contents of axenic mice. | small quantities of low-molecular weight peptides have been characterized in the feces of axenic mice. in fecal material of axenic mice fed an autoclaved synthetic (sn) diet, we isolated a dipeptide and characterized its structure as beta-aspartyl-epsilon-lysine. this product was also present in the feces of gnotobiotic mice harbouring clostridium perenne. we could not detect the product in the fecal contents of holoxenic mice, clostridium difficile-contaminated mice or axenic mice fed the irrad ... | 1983 | 6612090 |
| [distribution of potential pathogenic bacteria in the jiulong river watershed]. | recently, the human activities including economic growth and urbanization posed serious environmental health risks to the jiulong river watershed (jrw). in order to gain a full understanding of the distribution of potential pathogenic bacteria (ppb) in this area, we used 16s rrna amplicon pyrosequencing technology to investigate planktonic and benthic bacterial community in two main tributaries (north river, nr, and west river, wr) of the jiulong river (jr). at the genus level, a total of 68 gen ... | 2014 | 25055661 |
| notes from the field: infant botulism caused by clostridium baratii type f - iowa, 2013. | in june 2013, a male newborn aged 9 days (delivered after a full-term pregnancy) was brought to a hospital emergency department with a 2-day history of constipation, fussiness, and poor feeding. the mother reported her son's symptoms as excessive crying, reluctance to suck, and difficulty in swallowing milk. within hours of arrival, the infant became less responsive and "floppy," and was intubated for respiratory failure. infant botulism was suspected and botulism immune globulin intravenous (hu ... | 2015 | 25879901 |
| cluster of two cases of botulism due to clostridium baratii type f in france, november 2014. | the first two cases in france of botulism due to clostridium baratii type f were identified in november 2014, in the same family. both cases required prolonged respiratory assistance. one of the cases had extremely high toxin serum levels and remained paralysed for two weeks. investigations strongly supported the hypothesis of a common exposure during a family meal with high level contamination of the source. however, all analyses of leftover food remained negative. | 2015 | 25695475 |
| genomic sequences of six botulinum neurotoxin-producing strains representing three clostridial species illustrate the mobility and diversity of botulinum neurotoxin genes. | the whole genomes for six botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridial strains were sequenced to provide references for under-represented toxin types, bivalent strains or unusual toxin complexes associated with a bont gene. the strains include three clostridium botulinum group i strains (cdc 297, cdc 1436, and prevot 594), a group ii c. botulinum strain (eklund 202f), a group iv clostridium argentinense strain (cdc 2741), and a group v clostridium baratii strain (sullivan). comparisons of the grou ... | 2015 | 25489752 |
| two cases of adult botulism caused by botulinum neurotoxin producing clostridium baratii. | type f botulism occurs rarely in clinical cases. two cases of type f botulism in elderly patients that were clustered in time and space are described. clostridium baratii producing type f botulinum neurotoxin was isolated from both patients; molecular typing of these isolates revealed that they were unrelated strains. | 2014 | 25463969 |
| detection of pathogenic clostridia in biogas plant wastes. | as the number of biogas plants has grown rapidly in the last decade, the amount of potentially contaminated wastes with pathogenic clostridium spp. has increased as well. this study reports the results from examining 203 biogas plant wastes (bgws). the following clostridium spp. with different frequencies could be isolated via a new enrichment medium (krüne medium) and detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms): clostridium perfringens ... | 2015 | 24984829 |
| molecular epidemiology of infant botulism in california and elsewhere, 1976-2010. | infant botulism (ib), first identified in california in 1976, results from clostridium botulinum spores that germinate, multiply, and produce botulinum neurotoxin (bont) in the immature intestine. from 1976 to 2010 we created an archive of 1090 bont-producing isolates consisting of 1012 ib patient (10 outpatient, 985 hospitalized, 17 sudden death), 25 food, 18 dust/soils, and 35 other strains. | 2014 | 24924163 |
| genetic diversity of the flagellin genes of clostridium botulinum groups i and ii. | botulinum neurotoxins (bonts) are produced by phenotypically and genetically different clostridium species, including clostridium botulinum and some strains of clostridium baratii (serotype f) and clostridium butyricum (serotype e). bont-producing clostridia responsible for human botulism encompass strains of group i (secreting proteases, producing toxin serotype a, b, or f, and growing optimally at 37°c) and group ii (nonproteolytic, producing toxin serotype e, b, or f, and growing optimally at ... | 2013 | 23603687 |
| sequence diversity of genes encoding botulinum neurotoxin type f. | botulism due to type f botulinum neurotoxin (bont/f) is rare (<1% of cases), and only a limited number of clostridial strains producing this toxin type have been isolated. as a result, analysis of the diversity of genes encoding bont/f has been challenging. in this study, the entire bont/f nucleotide sequences were determined from 33 type f botulinum toxin-producing clostridial strains isolated from environmental sources and botulism outbreak investigations. we examined proteolytic and nonproteo ... | 2010 | 20511432 |
| a 3-day-old boy with acute flaccid paralysis. | | 2009 | 19772233 |
| [the new microbiological hazards in food]. | this paper describes the new microbiological hazards in food. for protecting human health, nowadays food safety authorities face with many challenges, that years ago were largely unheard. in 2011 verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o104:h4 has been isolated in germany. strain came from fenugreek sprouts originated from egypt. it was characterized by unique features such as presence of enteroaggregative escherichia coli genes (aata, aggr, aap, agga, aggc) and resistance to most antibiotics. in pol ... | 2012 | 23631259 |
| dynamics of microbial community during ensiling direct-cut alfalfa with and without lab inoculant and sugar. | to gain deeper insights into the clostridial community dynamics and chemical transformations during the ensiling of alfalfa. | 2017 | 28370869 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia in clinical, food, and environmental samples. | botulinum neurotoxin (bont), the most toxic substance known, is produced by the spore-forming bacterium clostridium botulinum and, in rare cases, also by some strains of clostridium butyricum and clostridium baratii. the standard procedure for definitive detection of bont-producing clostridia is a culture method combined with neurotoxin detection using a standard mouse bioassay (smb). the smb is highly sensitive and specific, but it is expensive and time-consuming and there are ethical concerns ... | 2009 | 19684163 |
| development of real-time pcr tests for detecting botulinum neurotoxins a, b, e, f producing clostridium botulinum, clostridium baratii and clostridium butyricum. | to develop real-time pcr assays for tracking and tracing clostridia responsible for human botulism. | 2009 | 19291235 |
| lung abscess due to clostridium baratii infection in a patient with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. | | 2008 | 18174308 |
| sybr green real-time pcr method to detect clostridium botulinum type a. | botulinum toxins (bonts) are classically produced by clostridium botulinum but rarely also from neurotoxigenic strains of clostridium baratii and clostridium butyricum. bont type a (bont/a), bont/b, bont/e, and very rarely bont/f are mainly responsible for human botulism. standard microbiological methods take into consideration only the detection of c. botulinum. the presumptive identification of the toxigenic strains together with the typing of bont has to be performed by mouse bioassay. the de ... | 2007 | 17369349 |
| botulism: the challenge of diagnosis and treatment. | botulism is a rare paralytic disease caused by a neurotoxin produced from the spore-forming bacterium clostridium botulinum and in rare cases clostridium butyricum and clostridium baratii. botulism has 4 naturally occurring syndromes: foodborne, wound, infant botulism, and adult intestinal toxemia. inhalational botulism could result from aerosolization of botulinum toxin, and iatrogenic botulism can result from injection of toxin. all of these produce the same clinical syndrome of symmetrical cr ... | 2006 | 17224901 |
| purification and characterization of chitinases from clostridium sp. e-16 isolated from the intestinal tract of the south american sea lion (otaria flavescens). | this study was undertaken to examine the properties of chitinases purified from clostridium sp. e-16, an intestinal bacterium of the south american sea lion (otaria flavescens). we also elucidated the taxonomic status of this bacterium to better understand the role of intestinal anaerobic bacteria in marine animals. | 2006 | 16869903 |
| laboratory diagnostics of botulism. | botulism is a potentially lethal paralytic disease caused by botulinum neurotoxin. human pathogenic neurotoxins of types a, b, e, and f are produced by a diverse group of anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, including clostridium botulinum groups i and ii, clostridium butyricum, and clostridium baratii. the routine laboratory diagnostics of botulism is based on the detection of botulinum neurotoxin in the patient. detection of toxin-producing clostridia in the patient and/or the vehicle confirms th ... | 2006 | 16614251 |
| infant botulism, type f, presenting at 54 hours of life. | we report a case of botulism in a 54-hour-old infant with rapidly progressive fulminant paralysis and rapid spontaneous recovery atypical for infant botulism. clostridium baratii and type f botulinum neurotoxin were isolated from the patient's stool. this unique presentation with rapid recovery is consistent with pharmacokinetics of type f botulinum neurotoxin. interestingly, a muscle biopsy also revealed pathologic changes early in the disease course. this article reports the youngest known cas ... | 2005 | 15730901 |
| recent advances in infant botulism. | since infant botulism was first identified three decades ago, our understanding of botulinum toxins and the organisms that produce them has grown. a newer classification system now recognizes clostridium baratii and clostridium butyricum along with clostridium botulinum as causative agents. recently, increasing therapeutic use of botulinum toxins has sparked substantial new research into their mechanisms of action. this research, and some case reports from infants sickened by unusual botulinum t ... | 2005 | 15730893 |
| epimerization of chenodeoxycholic acid to ursodeoxycholic acid by clostridium baratii isolated from human feces. | ursodeoxycholic acid-producing bacteria are of clinical and industrial interest due to the multiple beneficial effects of this bile acid on human health. this work reports the first isolation of 7-epimerizing bacteria from feces of a healthy volunteer, on the basis of their capacity to epimerize the primary bile acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, to ursodeoxycholic acid. five isolates were found to be active starting from unconjugated chenodeoxycholic acid and its tauro-conjugated homologue, but none ... | 2004 | 15158263 |
| identification of the major steps in botulinum toxin action. | botulinum toxin is a uniquely potent substance synthesized by the organisms clostridium botulinum, clostridium baratii, and clostridium butyricum. this toxin, which acts preferentially on peripheral cholinergic nerve endings to block acetylcholine release, is both an agent that causes disease (i.e., botulism) as well as an agent that can be used to treat disease (e.g., dystonia). the ability of botulinum toxin to produce its effects is largely dependent on its ability to penetrate cellular and i ... | 2004 | 14744243 |
| clostridium colicanis sp. nov., from canine faeces. | morphological, biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on an unknown, anaerobic, rod-shaped organism isolated from faeces of a canine. the organism was tentatively identified as a member of the genus clostridium based on its cellular morphology and ability to form endospores but, biochemically, it did not appear to correspond to any recognized species of this genus. comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the bacterium represents a previously unrecognized subline ... | 2003 | 12656182 |
| botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins: structure, function and therapeutic utility. | the toxic products of the anaerobic bacteria clostridium botulinum, clostridium butyricum, clostridium barati and clostridium tetani are the causative agents of botulism and tetanus. the ability of botulinum neurotoxins to disrupt neurotransmission, often for prolonged periods, has been exploited for use in several medical applications and the toxins, as licensed pharmaceutical products, now represent the therapeutics of choice for the treatment for several neuromuscular conditions. research int ... | 2002 | 12417130 |
| analysis of the botulinum neurotoxin type f gene clusters in proteolytic and nonproteolytic clostridium botulinum and clostridium barati. | comparison of genes encoding type f botulinum neurotoxin progenitor complex in strains of proteolytic clostridium botulinum strain langeland, nonproteolytic clostridium botulinum strain 202f, and clostridium barati strain atcc 43256 reveals an identical organization of genes encoding a protein of molecular mass of approx. 47 kda (p-47), nontoxic-nonhemagglutinin (ntnh) and botulinum toxin (bont). although homology between the protein components of the complexes encoded by these different species ... | 1998 | 9732534 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene coding for clostridium barati type f neurotoxin: comparison with other clostridial neurotoxins. | the neurotoxin gene from clostridium barati atcc43756 was cloned as a series of overlapping polymerase chain reaction (pcr) generated fragments using primers designed to conserve toxin sequences previously published. the toxin gene has an open reading frame (orf) of 1268 amino acids giving a calculated molecular mass of 141,049 da. the sequence identity between the c. barati atcc43756 and non-proteolytic c. botulinum 202f neurotoxins is 64.2% for the light chain and 73.6% for the heavy chain. th ... | 1993 | 8486245 |
| gene probes for identification of the botulinal neurotoxin gene and specific identification of neurotoxin types b, e, and f. | a polymerase chain reaction method was developed for the specific detection of the botulinum neurotoxin (bont) gene of clostridium botulinum. degenerate oligonucleotide primers, designed from the nucleotide sequence of the heavy chain of the bont gene, amplified a specific fragment of approximately 1.1 kb from strains of c. botulinum toxin types a, b, e, f, and g and neurotoxin-producing strains of clostridium barati and clostridium butyricum, but no fragment was obtained from nontoxigenic strai ... | 1993 | 8408542 |
| a cluster of three cases of botulism due to clostridium baratii type f, france, august 2015. | a cluster of three cases of food-borne botulism due to clostridium baratii type f occurred in france in august 2015. all cases required respiratory assistance. consumption of a bolognese sauce at the same restaurant was the likely source of contamination. clostridium baratii was isolated both from stool specimens from the three patients and ground meat used to prepare the sauce. this is the second episode reported in france caused by this rare pathogen. | 2016 | 26848055 |
| clostridium baratii: a rare case of pneumonia associated with an alzheimer patient in rio de janeiro, brazil. | clostridium baratii is rarely associated with human diseases. infection is usuallcaused by ingestion of contaminated food, and infant botulism is the most common clinical presentation. | 2016 | 28348769 |
| characterizing the fecal microbiota of infants with botulism. | infant botulism is the most prevalent form of botulism in the usa, representing 68.5 % of cases reported from 2001-2012. infant botulism results when botulinum toxin-producing clostridia (btpc) colonize the infant gut with concomitant in vivo production of the highly potent botulinum neurotoxin (bont). the gut microbiota of infants with botulism is largely uncharacterized; therefore, it remains unclear whether the microbiota profile of these patients are distinct in composition, abundance, or di ... | 2015 | 26593441 |
| [clostridium baratii botulism]. | | 2017 | 28110769 |
| biofilm-growing intestinal anaerobic bacteria. | sessile growth of anaerobic bacteria from the human intestinal tract has been poorly investigated, so far. we recently reported data on the close association existing between biliary stent clogging and polymicrobial biofilm development in its lumen. by exploiting the explanted stents as a rich source of anaerobic bacterial strains belonging to the genera bacteroides, clostridium, fusobacterium, finegoldia, prevotella, and veillonella, the present study focused on their ability to adhere, to grow ... | 2012 | 22444687 |
| arrangement of the clostridium baratii f7 toxin gene cluster with identification of a σ factor that recognizes the botulinum toxin gene cluster promoters. | botulinum neurotoxin (bont) is the most poisonous substances known and its eight toxin types (a to h) are distinguished by the inability of polyclonal antibodies that neutralize one toxin type to neutralize any of the other seven toxin types. infant botulism, an intestinal toxemia orphan disease, is the most common form of human botulism in the united states. it results from swallowed spores of clostridium botulinum (or rarely, neurotoxigenic clostridium butyricum or clostridium baratii) that ge ... | 2014 | 24853378 |
| two simultaneous botulism outbreaks in barcelona: clostridium baratii and clostridium botulinum. | botulism is a severe neuroparalytic disorder that can be potentially life-threatening. in barcelona, spain, no outbreaks had been reported in the past 25 years. however, in september 2011, two outbreaks occurred involving two different families. a rare case of clostridium baratii which produced a neurotoxin f outbreak was detected in five family members who had shared lunch, and several days before that another family was affected by c. botulinum toxin a which was probably present in homemade pâ ... | 2013 | 23158693 |
| emphysematous cholecystitis complicating liver abscess due to clostridium baratii infection. | clostridium baratii bacteremia is a rare but severe anaerobic infection. its major clinical features are neurological presentation, and significant risk factors include hemodialysis, intestinal disease or malignancy. we describe a case of emphysematous cholecystitis complicated by a liver abscess due to c baratii infection in a healthy adult without neurological manifestation. | 2012 | 22561510 |
| finished whole-genome sequences of clostridium butyricum toxin subtype e4 and clostridium baratii toxin subtype f7 strains. | clostridium butyricum and clostridium baratii species have been known to produce botulinum toxin types e and f, respectively, which can cause botulism, a rare but serious neuroparalytic disease. here, we present finished genome sequences for two of these clinically relevant strains. | 2017 | 28729254 |