| a special report: four-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency maintained in strict reverse isolation from birth. | a 4-year study of a boy with combined immune deficiency is presented, and the impact of this disease on various aspects of his growth and development is examined. there is no evidence of immune deficiency in either parent or in the genetic background on the maternal side. three children of a brother of the mother's father may have had immune deficiencies but two have grown to be teenagers with no problems. another died. at autopsy, however, lymph nodes appeared normal. the deceased older brother ... | 1977 | 401538 |
| studies on some characteristics of hydrogen production by cell-free extracts of rumen anaerobic bacteria. | hydrogen production was studied in the following rumen anaerobes: bacteroides clostridiiformis, butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, enbacterium limosum, fusobacterium necrophorum, megasphaera elsdenii, ruminococcus albus, and ruminococcus flavefaciens. clostridium pasteurianum and escherichia coli were included for comparative purposes. hydrogen production from dithionite, dithionite-reduced methyl viologen, pyruvate, and formate was determined. all species tested produced hydrogen from dithionite-reduce ... | 1977 | 558042 |
| clostridium clostridiiforme infection in a postoperative cardiac patient. | | 1992 | 1549412 |
| chronic osteomyelitis due to clostridium clostridiiforme. | we have reported a case of chronic osteomyelitis due to an unusual anaerobic organism, clostridium clostridiiforme, a gram-positive rod that often stains gram-negative and that is frequently resistant to such drugs as cefoxitin and clindamycin. clostridia other than those similar to c perfringens are generally not considered invasive pathogens, but our case and several similar ones show that they can be. | 1991 | 2035101 |
| reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by anaerobic bacteria isolated from the human gastrointestinal tract. | human intestinal microbial flora were screened for their abilities to reduce nitroaromatic compounds by growing them on brain heart infusion agar plates containing 1-nitropyrene. bacteria metabolizing 1-nitropyrene, detected by the appearance of clear zones around the colonies, were identified as clostridium leptum, clostridium paraputrificum, clostridium clostridiiforme, another clostridium sp., and a eubacterium sp. these bacteria produced aromatic amines from nitroaromatic compounds, as shown ... | 1991 | 2059053 |
| studies of the subgingival microflora in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | two unique forms of periodontal disease, hiv-gingivitis and hiv-periodontitis, have been described in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). in order to determine the bacterial species associated with periodontitis in aids patients, the predominant cultivable microflora was examined in 21 subgingival plaque samples from 11 aids patients with periodontitis. the presence of putative periodontal pathogens including actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides intermedius, por ... | 1990 | 2123926 |
| azoreductase activity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from human intestinal microflora. | a plate assay was developed for the detection of anaerobic bacteria that produce azoreductases. with this plate assay, 10 strains of anaerobic bacteria capable of reducing azo dyes were isolated from human feces and identified as eubacterium hadrum (2 strains), eubacterium spp. (2 species), clostridium clostridiiforme, a butyrivibrio sp., a bacteroides sp., clostridium paraputrificum, clostridium nexile, and a clostridium sp. the average rate of reduction of direct blue 15 dye (a dimethoxybenzid ... | 1990 | 2202258 |
| resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in anaerobic bacteria. | the known mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance in anaerobic bacteria involve production of beta-lactamases, alteration of penicillin-binding proteins, and blocked penetration of beta-lactam antibiotics through bacterial outer membranes. the most important factor in beta-lactam resistance is production of beta-lactamases, which have been found in various bacteroides, fusobacterium, and clostridium species. beta-lactam resistance in bacteroides fragilis is commonly mediated by beta-lactamases that ... | 1990 | 2406875 |
| comparison of populations of human faecal bacteria before and after in vitro incubation with plant cell wall substrates. | human faecal slurries were incubated anaerobically with larchwood xylan, oat spelt xylan, wheat bran, apple cell walls or sugar beet pulp as sole carbon sources. the populations which developed during incubation were different from the inoculum, the most marked changes being an increase in the number of bacteroides species and a decrease in the number of fusobacterium species for all carbon sources tested. with a water-soluble preparation of larchwood xylan the population was dominated by specie ... | 1987 | 3036754 |
| isolation and identification of intestinal steroid-desulfating bacteria from rats and humans. | we isolated 12 strictly anaerobic steroid-3-sulfate-desulfating strains from the intestinal floras of rats and humans. two strains (s1 and s2) of the same atypical clostridium species and an atypical lactobacillus strain (termed r9) were obtained from rats. the human isolates were identified as eubacterium cylindroides (two strains, h1 and h2), peptococcus niger (two strains, h4 and h89), and clostridium clostridiiforme. we also isolated, from different human fecal samples, four strains of pheno ... | 1988 | 3178214 |
| mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance in anaerobic bacteria. | the known mechanisms of beta-lactam resistance in anaerobic bacteria involve production of beta-lactamases, alteration of penicillin-binding proteins, and blocking of the penetration of beta-lactams through the outer membranes. the most important factor in beta-lactam resistance is the production of beta-lactamase. beta-lactamases in various bacteroides, fusobacterium, and clostridium species have been described. beta-lactam resistance in bacteroides fragilis is most commonly mediated by the pro ... | 1986 | 3541135 |
| nitrogen metabolism by the microbial flora of the rabbit caecum. | the dense microbial flora of the rabbit caecum consisted chiefly of bacteria (10(11)/g) with small numbers of yeast cells (10(6)/g). using strictly anaerobic technique, 23% of the direct microscopic cell count was cultivated and 55% of the cultivatable bacteria utilized ammonia as the sole source of nitrogen. ureolytic bacteria were isolated from the caecal lumen and mucosa and were identified as bacteroides vulgatus, clostridium clostridiiforme, bacillus spp. and staphylococcus spp. ammonia ass ... | 1985 | 3997689 |
| studies on the cecal microflora of commercial broiler chickens. | a study was made of the cecal microflora isolated from broilers (5-week-old) reared under typical commercial husbandry conditions. three hundred and twenty-five bacterial strains (randomly isolated from colonies representing 49 to 81% of the microscopic count) were isolated from cecal digesta of six animals on a rumen fluid roll tube medium (m98-5). seventy-seven percent of these strains consisted of strict anaerobes: gram-negative, pleomorphic cocci (5.2%), peptostreptococcus (1.5%), gram-posit ... | 1974 | 4608322 |
| the "clostridial effect" of selective decontamination of the human gut with trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole in neutropenic patients. | during 59 periods of hospitalisation, 39 patients with either acute myeloid leukemia (22), acute lymphatic leukemia (9), acute undifferentiated leukemia (1), blastic crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia (6) or high-grade malignant non-hodgkin lymphoma (1) were subjected to aggressive polychemotherapy after selective decontamination of the gut. the patients were given an amphotericin b suspension in a dosage of 1.2 g/day for two days, after which one tablet of trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (tmp/sm ... | 1983 | 6352509 |
| fermentation by the human large intestine microbial community in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. | a semicontinuous culture of the microbial community of the human large intestine that was maintained over 81 days is described. the initial inoculum was feces, and about 200 ml of nutrient suspension was fed to 500 ml of fermentor contents once or twice daily. the nutrient suspension contained comminuted fibrous food, sodium deoxycholate, urea, acid-hydrolyzed casein, vitamins, and salts. the fermentation was monitored, and the major products were acetate, propionate, butyrate, methane, hydrogen ... | 1981 | 7027952 |
| the use of pcr to monitor the population abundance of six human intestinal bacterial species in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. | six pcr primer sets complementary to the 16s rdnas (rrna genes) were developed and shown to be specific for the following anaerobic bacteria: clostridium clostridiiforme, c. perfringens, c. leptum, bacteroides vulgatus, b. distasonis, and b. thetaiotaomicron, respectively. these primers were used for pcr to detect and monitor the bacteria in a semicontinuous culture system designed to mimic intestinal microflora in the human gastrointestinal tract. except for c. perfringens, the five species of ... | 1994 | 7529205 |
| techniques for controlling variability in gram staining of obligate anaerobes. | identification of anaerobes recovered from clinical samples is complicated by the fact that certain gram-positive anaerobes routinely stain gram negative; peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, eubacterium plautii, clostridium ramosum, clostridium symbiosum, and clostridium clostridiiforme are among the nonconformists with regard to conventional gram-staining procedures. accurate gram staining of american type culture collection strains of these anaerobic bacteria is possible by implementing fixin ... | 1995 | 7538512 |
| assignment of the agent of tyzzer's disease to clostridium piliforme comb. nov. on the basis of 16s rrna sequence analysis. | the small-subunit rrna (16s rrna) sequence of tyzzer's bacillus (also known as "bacillus piliformis") was elucidated by using the polymerase chain reaction followed by reverse transcriptase sequencing. by using maximum-likelihood analysis, a phylogenetic tree was constructed from this and other 16s rrna sequences available from the first release of the ribosomal database project (g. j. olsen, r. overbeek, n. larsen, t. l. marsh, m. j. mccaughey, m. a. maciukenas, w.-m. kuan, t. j. macke, y. xing ... | 1993 | 7684241 |
| characterization of a beta-lactamase from clostridium clostridioforme. | a beta-lactamase-producing strain of clostridium clostridioforme isolated from human peritoneal fluid was examined by mic testing and enzyme characterization. mics of penicillins (64-512 mg/l) were higher than those of cephalosporins (8-128 mg/l); the strain was susceptible to cefoxitin (8 mg/l) and imipenem (1 mg/l). no enhancement of cephalosporin activity occurred when clavulanate was also added, but a limited degree of enhancement of penicillin activity (resulting in beta-lactam mics higher ... | 1994 | 8157571 |
| [a retrorectal paravertebral abscess and meningitis due to clostridium clostridioforme]. | | 1994 | 8170223 |
| how far should a clinical laboratory go in identifying anaerobic isolates, and who should pay? | identification of anaerobic bacteria in specimens from sites of infection due to mixed organisms can be time-consuming and expensive. laboratories should limit anaerobic workups by testing only those specimens that have been properly collected and transported to the laboratory. use of selective and differential media for initial processing can provide rapid and relevant information to the clinician. anaerobes isolated from normally sterile sites and sites of serious infection should always be co ... | 1993 | 8324163 |
| identification and antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical isolates of clostridium clostridioforme, clostridium innocuum, and clostridium ramosum compared with those of clinical isolates of clostridium perfringens. | clostridium ramosum, c. innocuum, and c. clostridioforme are frequently isolated from clinical specimens including blood. because of gram stain variability, a lack of spores, and atypical colonial morphology, identification of these species is often difficult. three anaerobe identification kits were evaluated for their abilities to identify these species. for comparison, 11 strains of c. perfringens were evaluated in parallel. by using profile numbers and codebooks, the correct genus and species ... | 1995 | 8586704 |
| in vitro activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate and ticarcillin/clavulanate compared with that of other antibiotics against anaerobic bacteria: comparison with the results of the 1987 survey. | the activity of amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin) and ticarcillin/ clavulanate (timentin) was tested against 351 strict anaerobic clinical isolates collected from september 1993 to april 1994 in eight belgian university hospitals and compared with that of 8 other antibiotics using the nccls reference agar dilution procedure. production of beta-lactamase was detected by the nitrocefin test in 48% of the isolates. at nccls-recommended breakpoints, more than 90% of isolates were susceptible to am ... | 1996 | 8693871 |
| pcr detection and quantitation of predominant anaerobic bacteria in human and animal fecal samples. | pcr procedures based on 16s rrna gene sequences specific for 12 anaerobic bacteria that predominate in the human intestinal tract were developed and used for quantitative detection of these species in human (adult and baby) feces and animal (rat, mouse, cat, dog, monkey, and rabbit) feces. fusobacterium prausnitzii, peptostreptococcus productus, and clostridium clostridiiforme had high pcr titers (the maximum dilutions for positive pcr results ranged from 10(-3) to 10(-8)) in all of the human an ... | 1996 | 8919784 |
| in-vitro activity of spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination against clinical isolates from odontogenic abscesses. | one hundred and forty-eight isolates of bacteria from 20 intraoral odontogenic abscesses were tested for their susceptibility to spiramycin and metronidazole alone or in combination. all isolates, except rothia spp. (one), enterococcus avium (three), haemophilus parainfluenzae (one) and staphylococcus aureus (one) were sensitive to spiramycin and/or metronidazole. among the anaerobes, spiramycin as well as metronidazole showed good antimicrobial activity against species of prevotella, eubacteriu ... | 1997 | 9338486 |
| mechanism of inhibition of tannic acid and related compounds on the growth of intestinal bacteria. | tannic acid, propyl gallate and methyl gallate, but not gallic acid, were found to be inhibitory to the growth of intestinal bacteria bacteroides fragilis atcc 25285, clostridium clostridiiforme atcc 25537, c. perfringens atcc 13124, c. paraputrificum atcc 25780, escherichia coli atcc 25922, enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047, salmonella typhimurium ta98 and s. typhimurium yg1041 at 100-1000 microg/ml in culture broth. neither bifidobacterium infantis atcc 15697 nor lactobacillus acidophilus atcc 4 ... | 1998 | 9862646 |
| in vitro activity of gemifloxacin (sb 265805) against anaerobes. | gemifloxacin mesylate (sb 265805), a new fluoronaphthyridone, was tested against 359 recent clinical anaerobic isolates by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards reference agar dilution method with supplemented brucella blood agar and an inoculum of 10(5) cfu/spot. comparative antimicrobials tested included trovafloxacin, levofloxacin, grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, sitafloxacin (du-6859a), penicillin g, amoxicillin clavulanate, imipenem, cefoxitin, clindamycin, and metronidazole ... | 1999 | 10471570 |
| activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) compared to those of other oral antimicrobial agents against unusual anaerobes. | the activities of gemifloxacin (sb 265805, lb20304) and comparator agents were determined by an agar dilution method against 419 clinical strains of less-commonly identified species of anaerobes. gemifloxacin was generally more active than trovafloxacin against gram-positive strains by one to two dilutions. peptostreptococci (peptostreptococcus asaccharolyticus, peptostreptococcus magnus, peptostreptococcus micros, and peptostreptococcus prevotii) and porphyromonas spp. (porphyromonas asaccharol ... | 1999 | 10543754 |
| identification of predominant human and animal anaerobic intestinal bacterial species by terminal restriction fragment patterns (trfps): a rapid, pcr-based method. | identification of predominant human and animal intestinal tract anaerobes by conventional methods is cumbersome, time-consuming and less sensitive as compared to molecular methods. we have developed a molecular technique to identify most of the abundant intestinal microflora by polyermase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of a 16s rrna gene fragment using a pair of universal pcr primers. the forward pcr primer was labelled with 6-carboxyfluorescein amino hexy (6-fam) fluorescent dye to detect t ... | 2001 | 11851378 |
| an analysis of human pathogens found in horse/mule manure along the john muir trail in kings canyon and sequoia and yosemite national parks. | to determine the prevalence of microorganisms that are potentially pathogenic for humans in horse/mule manure along the john muir trail (jmt). | 2002 | 12092962 |
| design and evaluation of oligonucleotide-microarray method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | an oligonucleotide-microarray method was developed for the detection of intestinal bacteria in fecal samples collected from human subjects. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to glass slides. cyanine5 (cy5)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from human fecal samples or ... | 2002 | 12167534 |
| development of a membrane-array method for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples. | a membrane-array method was developed for the detection of human intestinal bacteria in fecal samples without using the expensive microarray-arrayer and laser-scanner. the 16s rdna sequences of 20 predominant human intestinal bacterial species were used to design oligonucleotide probes. three 40-mer oligonucleotides specific for each bacterial species (total 60 probes) were synthesized and applied to nitrocellulose membranes. digoxigenin (dig)-labeled 16s rdnas were amplified by polymerase chain ... | 2002 | 12477438 |
| in vitro activities of daptomycin, vancomycin, quinupristin- dalfopristin, linezolid, and five other antimicrobials against 307 gram-positive anaerobic and 31 corynebacterium clinical isolates. | the activities of daptomycin, a cyclic lipopeptide, and eight other agents were determined against 338 strains of gram-positive anaerobic bacteria and corynebacteria by the nccls reference agar dilution method with supplemented brucella agar for the anaerobes and mueller-hinton agar for the corynebacteria. the daptomycin mics determined on ca(2+)-supplemented (50 mg/liter) brucella agar plates were one- to fourfold lower than those determined in unsupplemented media. daptomycin was highly active ... | 2003 | 12499210 |
| clostridium bolteae sp. nov., isolated from human sources. | seven obligately anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming organisms isolated from human sources were characterized using phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing showed that the strains were genetically highly related to each other (displaying >99% sequence similarity) and represent a previously unknown sub-line within the clostridium coccoides rrna group of organisms. strains of the unidentified bacterium used carbohydrate as fermentable substr ... | 2003 | 12747414 |
| in vitro activities of dalbavancin and nine comparator agents against anaerobic gram-positive species and corynebacteria. | dalbavancin is a novel semisynthetic glycopeptide with enhanced activity against gram-positive species. its comparative in vitro activities and those of nine comparator agents, including daptomycin, vancomycin, linezolid, and quinupristin-dalfopristin, against 290 recent gram-positive clinical isolates strains, as determined by the nccls agar dilution method, were studied. the mics of dalbavancin at which 90% of various isolates tested were inhibited were as follows: actinomyces spp., 0.5 microg ... | 2003 | 12760876 |
| in vitro activity of ertapenem: review of recent studies. | ertapenem is a long-acting, 1beta-methyl parenteral group 1 carbapenem antibiotic that has a broad antibacterial spectrum and once-a-day dosing supported by clinical studies. ertapenem is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including enterobacteriaceae, streptococcus pneumoniae and most species of anaerobic bacteria. isolates from a variety of infections (intra-abdominal infections, skin/soft-tissue infections, community-acquired pneumonia, pelvic infections and urinary ... | 2004 | 15150179 |
| in vitro activities of the new semisynthetic glycopeptide telavancin (td-6424), vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, and four comparator agents against anaerobic gram-positive species and corynebacterium spp. | telavancin is a new semisynthetic glycopeptide anti-infective with multiple mechanisms of action, including inhibition of bacterial membrane phospholipid synthesis and inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. we determined the in vitro activities of telavancin, vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, quinupristin-dalfopristin, imipenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ampicillin against 268 clinical isolates of anaerobic gram-positive organisms and 31 corynebacterium strains using agar dilution meth ... | 2004 | 15155214 |
| characterization of bacterial communities in feces from healthy elderly volunteers and hospitalized elderly patients by using real-time pcr and effects of antibiotic treatment on the fecal microbiota. | fecal bacteria were studied in healthy elderly volunteers (age, 63 to 90 years; n = 35) living in the local community, elderly hospitalized patients (age, 66 to 103; n = 38), and elderly hospitalized patients receiving antibiotic treatment (age, 65 to 100; n = 21). group- and species-specific primer sets targeting 16s rrna genes were used to quantitate intestinal bacteria by using dna extracted from feces and real-time pcr. the principal difference between healthy elderly volunteers and both pat ... | 2004 | 15184159 |
| comparative in vitro activities of xrp 2868, pristinamycin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, clarithromycin, telithromycin, clindamycin, and ampicillin against anaerobic gram-positive species, actinomycetes, and lactobacilli. | a comparative study of the in vitro activities of xrp 2868, a new oral streptogramin, against 266 anaerobic gram-positive clinical isolates using the agar dilution method showed that the xrp 2868 mics for 95% (254 of 266) of isolates were < or =0.5 microg/ml. xrp 2868 mics for only two strains, one being clostridium clostridioforme (mic, 16 microg/ml) and the other being clostridium difficile (mic, 32 microg/ml), were >2 microg/ml. depending on its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, xrp 2868 ... | 2005 | 15616322 |
| multiplex pcr for rapid differentiation of three species in the "clostridium clostridioforme group". | clostridium clostridioforme is a relatively antimicrobial resistant, phenotypically heterogeneous anaerobe that has been involved in a variety of infections. 16s rdna sequencing analysis revealed three principal species in what has been called clostridium clostridioforme - clostridium bolteae, c. clostridioforme, and clostridium hathewayi. based on the 16s rdna sequence information we obtained, we developed a cost-effective, timesaving one-step multiplex pcr assay for rapid and accurate differen ... | 2005 | 15766796 |
| mucosa-associated bacteria in ulcerative colitis before and after antibiotic combination therapy. | we proposed that fusobacterium varium is one of the causative agents in ulcerative colitis. | 2005 | 15813838 |
| clostridium clostridioforme: a mixture of three clinically important species. | clostridium clostridioforme shows much variability in phenotypic and antimicrobial susceptibility tests, suggesting it may be more than a single species even though all strains share unique morphology. this study was designed to determine if there are multiple species and, if so, to demonstrate the differences that exist between them. a total of 107 strains of c. clostridioforme were investigated by sequencing of the 16s rrna gene, phenotypic studies, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. in ... | 2005 | 15891914 |
| 1h nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based studies of the metabolism of food-borne carcinogen 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline by human intestinal microbiota. | 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (iq) is a mutagenic/carcinogenic compound formed from meat and fish during cooking. following ingestion, iq is metabolized mainly by liver xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, but intestinal bacteria may also contribute to its biotransformation. the aim of this study was to investigate the metabolism of iq by the human intestinal microbiota. following incubation of iq (200 microm) under anoxic conditions with 100-fold dilutions of stools freshly collected from ... | 2005 | 16151094 |
| clostridium asparagiforme sp. nov., isolated from a human faecal sample. | an obligatory anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped organism was isolated from faeces of a healthy human donor. it was characterized using biochemical, phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. the organism produced acetate, lactate, and ethanol as the major products of glucose fermentation. the g + c content was 53 mol%. based on comparative 16s rrna gene sequencing, the unidentified bacterium is a member of the clostridium subphylum of the gram-positive bacteria, and most closely related to s ... | 2006 | 16337765 |
| in vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 anaerobes isolated from human intra-abdominal infections. | the in vitro activity of moxifloxacin against 923 recent anaerobic isolates obtained from pretreatment cultures in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections was studied using the clsi m11-a-6 agar dilution method. moxifloxacin was active against 87% (96 of 110) bacteroides fragilis strains at < or = 1 microg/ml and 87% (79 of 90) b. thetaiotaomicron strains at < or = 2 microg/ml. species variation was seen, with b. uniformis, b. vulgatus, clostridium clostridioforme, and c. symbiosum ... | 2006 | 16377680 |
| clostridium aldenense sp. nov. and clostridium citroniae sp. nov. isolated from human clinical infections. | one hundred eight isolates were previously identified in our laboratory as clostridium clostridioforme by colonial and cellular morphology, as well as biochemical tests. recent studies have indicated that there are actually three different species in this c. clostridioforme group: c. hathewayi, c. bolteae, and c. clostridioforme. our isolates were reexamined using biochemical and enzymatic tests and molecular methods. forty-six isolates were reidentified as c. hathewayi, 34 as c. bolteae, five a ... | 2006 | 16825358 |
| moryella indoligenes gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic bacterium isolated from clinical specimens. | three gram-positive, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria with pointed ends were isolated from clinical specimens. the organisms were weakly saccharolytic and produced indole, acetate, butyrate and lactate as major metabolic end products. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates had no known close relatives among recognized bacteria but that they exhibited a phylogenetic association with clostridium rrna cluster xiva [as defined by collins, m. d. et al. (1994). in ... | 2007 | 17392195 |
| inhibitory activity spectrum of reuterin produced by lactobacillus reuteri against intestinal bacteria. | reuterin produced from glycerol by lactobacillus reuteri, a normal inhabitant of the human intestine, is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. it has been postulated that reuterin could play a role in the probiotic effects of lb. reuteri. reuterin is active toward enteropathogens, yeasts, fungi, protozoa and viruses, but its effect on commensal intestinal bacteria is unknown. moreover reuterin's mode of action has not yet been elucidated. glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, which also plays a k ... | 2007 | 17997816 |
| hepatic gas gangrene following orthotopic liver transplantation: three cases treated with re-transplantation and a review of the literature. | gas gangrene is a rare and devastating infectious process that can occur after liver transplantation, most often following hepatic artery thrombosis. we here report 3 cases of gas gangrene following orthotopic liver transplantation. blood cultures were positive for clostridium clostridiiforme in one case. in 2 other cases liver tissue from explanted specimens was positive for enterobacter cloacae. ultrasound demonstrated hepatic artery thrombosis and computed tomography imaging revealed diffuse ... | 2008 | 18069931 |
| [clostridium clostridiiforme vertebral osteomyelitis]. | | 2008 | 18395384 |
| in vitro kinetic analysis of carbohydrate and aromatic amino acid metabolism of different members of the human colon. | the carbohydrate and aromatic amino acid metabolism of several species related to the human colon was investigated into more detail. therefore, in vitro fermentations were performed, with different carbohydrate sources, during which several aromatic amino acids were added to the fermentation medium. shifts in end-product formation in response to the available nutrients were observed for all strains tested. the major part of amino acid degradation occurred after depletion of the carbohydrates. mo ... | 2008 | 18396344 |
| [epidemiological study on cigar-shaped clostridia isolated in a local japanese general hospital]. | cigar-shaped clostridia such as clostridium clostridioforme and clostridium symbiosum have been found in serious infections such as bacteremia. in japan, however, these strains are unrecognized as clinically significant because they are overlooked as unidentified gram-negative rods. we isolated 60 strains of cigar-shaped clostridium spp. from 48 clinical specimens treated at our laboratory from november 2004 to september 2006. of these, 19 (39.6%) were primary infections and 29 (60.4%) postsurgi ... | 2008 | 18546850 |
| epidemiology of clostridium species bacteremia in calgary, canada, 2000-2006. | to define the incidence, risk factors for acquisition, and outcomes associated with clostridial bacteremia in a large canadian health region. | 2008 | 18672296 |
| clostridium lavalense sp. nov., a glycopeptide-resistant species isolated from human faeces. | two vancomycin-resistant, strictly anaerobic, gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming organisms (strains ccri-9842(t) and ccri-9929) isolated from human faecal specimens in québec, canada, and australia were characterized using phenotypic, biochemical and molecular taxonomic methods. pairwise analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequences showed that both strains were closely related to each other genetically (displaying 99.2 % sequence similarity) and represented a previously unknown subline within t ... | 2009 | 19244429 |
| commensal bacteria can enter colonic epithelial cells and induce proinflammatory cytokine secretion: a possible pathogenic mechanism of ulcerative colitis. | interleukin 2 (il-2)- and il-10-knockout mice develop spontaneous colitis under conventional but not germ-free conditions, suggesting that commensal bacteria play an important role in the pathogenesis of colitis. however, interactions between commensal bacteria and colonic epithelial cells have not been fully investigated. we therefore assessed the ability of various commensal bacteria and probiotics to adhere to and invade colonic epithelial cells. effects of the bacteria on production of proin ... | 2009 | 19369513 |
| a review of three cases of clostridium aldenense bacteremia. | three cases of clostridium aldenense bacteremia are reported. c. aldenense is also associated with intra-abdominal infections and closely resembles clostridium clostridioforme and therefore may be misidentified. c. aldenense may be a more frequent pathogen than appreciated and is generally fluoroquinolone resistant. | 2010 | 20800690 |
| vanb-type resistant clostridium clostridioforme and atopobium minutum clinical isolates in france. | acquired vancomycin resistance in gram-positive anaerobes has been reported only in australia and canada from rare vanb-positive stool samples in absence of vre. we report the emergence of vanb-type resistance in clostridium clostridioforme and atopobium minutum involved in human infections in france. | 2011 | 21775552 |
| clostridium clostridioforme liver abscess complicated by portal vein thrombosis in childhood. | pyogenic liver abscesses are rare in children, and show geographical differences in their epidemiology. mortality rates remain high at 15 %. liver abscesses caused by anaerobic organisms are rare in a paediatric setting, even more so when complicated by portal vein thrombosis (pvt). a 6-year-old girl, previously fit and well, was admitted with fever, lethargy and weight loss of 2 weeks duration. the patient was febrile on examination and a review of the systems revealed no positive findings. an ... | 2011 | 21940652 |
| longitudinal analyses of gut mucosal microbiotas in ulcerative colitis in relation to patient age and disease severity and duration. | bacteria belonging to the normal colonic microbiota are associated with the etiology of ulcerative colitis (uc). although several mucosal species have been implicated in the disease process, the organisms and mechanisms involved are unknown. the aim of this investigation was to characterize mucosal biofilm communities over time and to determine the relationship of these bacteria to patient age and disease severity and duration. multiple rectal biopsy specimens were taken from 33 patients with ac ... | 2012 | 23269735 |
| mucosa-associated bacteria in two middle-aged women diagnosed with collagenous colitis. | to characterize the colon microbiota in two women histologically diagnosed with collagenous colitis using a culture-independent method. | 2012 | 22529692 |
| association of dietary type with fecal microbiota in vegetarians and omnivores in slovenia. | the purpose of this study was to discover differences in the human fecal microbiota composition driven by long-term omnivore versus vegan/lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern. in addition, the possible association of demographic characteristics and dietary habits such as consumption of particular foods with the fecal microbiota was examined. | 2014 | 24173964 |
| production of corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin from human monocyte-derived dendritic cells is stimulated by commensal bacteria in intestine. | to examine whether commensal bacteria are a contributing cause of stress-related mucosal inflammation. | 2014 | 25339828 |
| draft genome sequence of clostridium butyricum strain nor 33234, isolated from an elderly patient with diarrhea. | clostridium butyricum is one of the species frequently present in patients' stool samples. however, the identification of this species is sometimes difficult. here, we present the draft genome of clostridium butyricum nor 33234, which was isolated from a patient with suspected clostridium difficile infection-associated diarrhea and resembles clostridium clostridioforme in biochemical tests. | 2014 | 25540356 |
| in vitro selective inhibitory effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline against bifidobacteria and clostridia. | 8-hydroxyquinoline (8hq) inhibited clostridium tertium, clostridium clostridioforme, clostridium difficile and clostridium perfringens in vitro with mics of 8, 16, 32 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. in contrast, mics of most bifidobacteria (84%) were 512 μg/ml or higher. thus, 8hq could be used as anti-clostridial agent or in selective media for bifidobacteria isolation. | 2013 | 23770542 |
| clostridium celerecrescens, often misidentified as "clostridium clostridioforme group," is involved in rare human infection cases. | misidentification of rare clostridium species often originated from the environment as clinically relevant species is problematic. a strain isolated from a traumatic leg wound first identified as c. clostridioforme was finally identified as the rare clostridium celerecrescens. two similar misidentifications are reported in the literature. in order to help the phenotypic differentiation of c. celerecrescens from the close species of the "c. clostridioforme group", an identification table and diff ... | 2012 | 22901791 |
| performance of two blood culture systems to detect anaerobic bacteria. is there any difference? | we studied the performance characteristics of two blood culture (bc) bottles/systems, (i) bact/alert-fn plus/3d (biomérieux, marcy l'étoile, france) and (ii) bactec-lytic/9000 (becton dickinson, sparks, usa) for detection of growth and time-to-positivity (ttp) against a balanced and diverse collection of anaerobic bacterial strains (n = 48) that included reference strains (n = 19) and clinical isolates (n = 29) of 32 species (15 gram-negative and 17 gram-positive). standard suspension of bacteri ... | 2017 | 28279857 |
| comparative genomics of clostridium bolteae and clostridium clostridioforme reveals species-specific genomic properties and numerous putative antibiotic resistance determinants. | clostridium bolteae and clostridium clostridioforme, previously included in the complex c. clostridioforme in the group clostridium xiva, remain difficult to distinguish by phenotypic methods. these bacteria, prevailing in the human intestinal microbiota, are opportunistic pathogens with various drug susceptibility patterns. in order to better characterize the two species and to obtain information on their antibiotic resistance genes, we analyzed the genomes of six strains of c. bolteae and six ... | 2016 | 27769168 |
| eisenbergiella tayi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human blood. | a catalase-positive, rod-shaped, non-proteolytic, non-motile, anaerobic bacterial strain, designated b086562(t), was isolated from a blood culture of an 84-year-old male patient in israel. according to 16s rrna gene sequence phylogeny, this strain has no known close relatives among recognized bacteria but should be placed within the family lachnospiraceae. the most closely related recognized bacteria were from the 'clostridium clostridioforme group': c. clostridioforme (92.4%) and clostridium bo ... | 2014 | 24282142 |
| cytokine response of human mononuclear cells induced by intestinal clostridium species. | altered composition of intestinal microbiota has been associated with various immunological disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. although clostridium species are major inhabitants of the intestinal tract, their interaction with the host immunological system is yet poorly characterized. in this study, cytokine responses of human monocytic cell line thp-1 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) to six type strains representing common intestinal clostridial species were determined. t ... | 2013 | 23168133 |