| a non-alkalophilic mutant of bacillus alcalophilus lacks the na+/h+ antiporter. | | 1979 | 42396 |
| a requirement for atp for beta-galactoside transport by bacillus alcalophilus. | lactose-grown cells of bacillus alcalophilus actively transported methylthio-beta, d-galactoside (tmg) in a range of ph values from 7.5 to 10.5 with a ph optimum at 8.5. the tmg was accumulated in a chemically unmodified form, and cell extracts failed to catalyze either atp or p-enolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of tmg. at ph 8.5, the lactose-grown cells exhibited a transmembrane proton gradient (deltaph) of 1.38 units, interior acid, and a transmembrane electrical potential (delta psi) of ... | 1979 | 83995 |
| alkaline serine protease produced from citric acid by bacillus alcalophilus subsp. halodurans kp 1239. | maximum production of alkaline serine protease by bacillus alcalophilus subsp. halodurans kp 1239 was achieved after 24 h cultivation, at an initial ph of 7.6, on a medium containing 1.0% sodium citrate, 0.3% yeast extract, and 0.3% kh2po4. the enzyme was purified to crystalline form from culture broth. the enzyme was most active at 60 degrees c and at ph 11.5. the molecular weight, isoelectric point and sedimentation coefficient in water at 20 degrees c were estimated as 29,000, 8.8 and 3.3s, r ... | 1990 | 1370021 |
| the atpases of propionigenium modestum and bacillus alcalophilus. strategies for atp synthesis under low energy conditions. | in propionigenium modestum, atp synthesis is coupled via delta mu na+ to the decarboxylation of (s)-methylmalonyl-coa. the low energy yield of this reaction implies that approx. 4 decarboxylation cycles are necessary to synthesize 1 molecule of atp. theoretical considerations in accord with experimental results suggest atp synthesis in p. modestum at delta mu na+ = -110 mv. other anaerobic bacteria synthesize atp at a delta mu h+ of similar size and alkaliphilic bacteria at ph 10.3 have a delta ... | 1992 | 1385980 |
| x-ray structure determination and comparison of two crystal forms of a variant (asn115arg) of the alkaline protease from bacillus alcalophilus refined at 1.85 a resolution. | the x-ray structure determination, refinement and comparison of two crystal forms of a variant (asn115arg) of the alkaline protease from bacillus alcalophilus is described. under identical conditions crystals were obtained in the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) (form i) and the rhombohedral space group r32 (form ii). for both space groups the structures of the protease were solved by molecular replacement and refined at 1.85 a resolution. the final r-factors are 17.9% and 17.1% for form i ... | 1992 | 1447775 |
| crystal structure of the high-alkaline serine protease pb92 from bacillus alcalophilus. | the crystal structure of a serine protease from the alkalophilic strain bacillus alcalophilus pb92 has been determined by x-ray diffraction at 1.75 a resolution. the structure has been solved by molecular replacement using the atomic model of subtilisin carlsberg. the model of the pb92 protease has been refined to an r-factor of 14.0% and contains 1882 protein atoms, two calcium ions and 188 water molecules. the overall folding of the polypeptide chain closely resembles that of the subtilisins. ... | 1992 | 1518788 |
| protein engineering of the high-alkaline serine protease pb92 from bacillus alcalophilus: functional and structural consequences of mutation at the s4 substrate binding pocket. | serine endoproteases such as trypsins and subtilisins are known to have an extended substrate binding region that interacts with residues p6 to p3' of a substrate. in order to investigate the structural and functional effects of replacing residues at the s4 substrate binding pocket, the serine protease from the alkalophilic bacillus strain pb92, which shows homology with the subtilisins, was mutated at positions 102 and 126-128. substitution of val102 by trp results in a 12-fold increase in acti ... | 1992 | 1518789 |
| membrane ultrastructure of alkaliphilic bacillus species studied by rapid-freeze electron microscopy. | cells of bacillus firmus of4 and bacillus alcalophilus were examined by rapid-freeze freeze-fracture and freeze-substitution electron microscopy. no special vesicular structures linked to growth at alkaline ph were found, either within or associated with the cytoplasmic membrane. the cytoplasmic membranes of the alkaliphilic bacilli and the neutrophilic bacillus subtilis bd99 were indistinguishable. distinctive intramembrane particle rings, presumed to be flagellar structures on the basis of dis ... | 1992 | 1629169 |
| the electrochemical proton potential of bacillus alcalophilus. | bacillus alcalophilus strain atcc 27647 showed usual growth characteristics, when inoculated at ph 10.4. the cells entered the logarithmic phase at ph 10.3, and as growth continued, the ph dropped further to a value of 8.8 in the stationary phase. b. alcalophilus strain dsm 485 showed comparable growth only in the initial phase after the addition to fresh medium. the small initial growth period was succeeded by a long lag phase, where the ph continuously dropped. the cells resumed growth after t ... | 1991 | 1657600 |
| molecular cloning and sequencing of a gene from alkaliphilic bacillus firmus of4 that functionally complements an escherichia coli strain carrying a deletion in the nhaa na+/h+ antiporter gene. | a gene has been cloned from a dna library from alkaliphilic bacillus firmus of4 that functionally complements a mutant strain of escherichia coli, nm81, that carries a deletion for one of that strain's na+/h+ antiporter genes (delta nhaa). the cloned alkaliphile gene restored to nm81 the ability to grow at ph 7.5 in the presence of 0.6 m nacl and on 100 mm li+ in the presence of melibiose, and concomitantly led to an increase in the membrane associated na+/h+ antiport activity. the biologically ... | 1991 | 1660475 |
| the atpase of bacillus alcalophilus. reconstitution of energy-transducing functions. | the purified atpase of bacillus alcalophilus (f1f0) was reconstituted into proteoliposomes by gradual removal of the detergent triton x-100 with amberlite xad-2. the reconstitution was apparently highly asymmetric with nearly 100% of the f1 portion of the atpase becoming oriented to the outside. similar to results obtained with the soluble enzyme, the membrane-bound atpase required mg2+ and methanol for maximum activity. with ca2+ or mg2+ without methanol, 25% and 1%, respectively, of the maximu ... | 1991 | 1826099 |
| cloning, characterization, and multiple chromosomal integration of a bacillus alkaline protease gene. | extracellular bacillus proteases are used as additives in detergent powders. we identified a bacillus strain that produces a protease with an extremely alkaline ph optimum; this protease is suitable for use in modern alkaline detergent powders. the alkalophilic strain bacillus alcalophilus pb92 gene encoding this high-alkaline serine protease was cloned and characterized. sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 380 amino acids composed of a signal peptide (27 amino acids), a proseque ... | 1991 | 2059048 |
| the atpase of bacillus alcalophilus. purification and properties of the enzyme. | the atpase of bacillus alcalophilus was extracted from the bacterial membranes with triton x-100 and purified by hydroxyapatite column chromatography. sds gel-electrophoresis of the purified protein indicated the typical subunit pattern of an f1f0 structure with five f1 subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon) and three f0 subunits (a,b,c). the alpha and beta subunits were antigens for an antiserum against the corresponding subunits of the atpase of escherichia coli. subunit c was extracted ... | 1990 | 2148515 |
| taxonomy of alkaliphilic bacillus strains. | the dna base compositions of 78 alkaliphilic bacillus strains were determined. these strains were grouped as follows: dna group a, guanine-plus-cytosine (g+c) content of 34.0 to 37.5 mol% (17 strains); dna group b, g+c content of 38.2 to 40.8 mol% (33 strains); and dna group c, g+c content of 42.1 to 43.9 mol% (28 strains). dna group a includes the type strain of bacillus alcalophilus vedder 1934. dna-dna hybridization studies with dna group a strains revealed that only one strain, strain dsm 25 ... | 1990 | 2223602 |
| crystal structure of an alkaline protease from bacillus alcalophilus at 2.4 a resolution. | the crystal structure of an alkaline protease from bacillus alcalophilus has been determined by x-ray diffraction at 2.4 a resolution. the enzyme crystallizes in space group p2(1)2(1)2(1) with lattice constants a = 53.7, b = 61.6, c = 75.9 a. the structure was solved by molecular replacement using the structure of subtilisin carlsberg as search model. refinement using molecular dynamics and restrained least squares methods results in a crystallographic r-factor of 0.185. the tertiary structure i ... | 1990 | 2253783 |
| polyamine metabolism in an obligately alkalophilic bacillus alcalophilus that grows at ph 11.0. | bacillus alcalophilus, an obligately alkalophilic bacterium that grows at ph 11.0, has an intracellular ph of 9.5 or less. unlike all other living organisms, polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) in b. alcalophilus, if present, will be largely unprotonated. hplc analysis indicated that spermidine is the major polyamine in b. alcalophilus, accounting for more than 90% of total polyamines, and the level of spermidine varies during growth. ornithine decarboxylase activity was not detecta ... | 1988 | 2447890 |
| buffering capacity of bacilli that grow at different ph ranges. | cytoplasmic buffering capacities and buffering by whole cells were examined in six bacterial species: bacillus acidocaldarius, bacillus stearothermophilus, escherichia coli, bacillus subtilis, bacillus alcalophilus, and bacillus firmus rab. acid-base titrations were conducted on whole cells and cells permeabilized with triton x-100 or n-butanol. in all of the species examined, the buffering capacity of intact cells was generally a significant proportion of the total buffering capacity, but the m ... | 1985 | 3886633 |
| identity of the quinone in bacillus alcalophilus. | every bacillus species so far examined contains menaquinone as the sole quinone. in contrast, the alkalophilic bacillus alcalophilus has been reported to be unusual in containing ubiquinone rather than menaquinone. in this communication, we demonstrate that b. alcalophilus, like all the other bacilli, contains menaquinone as the only quinone. | 1985 | 4055701 |
| oxidative phosphorylation by membrane vesicles from bacillus alcalophilus. | adp and pi-loaded membrane vesicles from t-malate-grown bacillus alcalophilus synthesized atp upon energization with ascorbate/n,n,n',n'-tetra-methyl-p-phenylenediamine. atp synthesis occurred over a range of external ph from 6.0 to 11.0, under conditions in which the total protonmotive force delta-mu-h+ was as low as -30 mv. the phosphate potentials (delta gp) were calculated to be 11 and 12 kcal/mol at ph 10.5 and 9.0, respectively, whereas the delta-mu-h+ values in vesicles at these two ph va ... | 1981 | 6165388 |
| relationship between the na+/h+ antiporter and na+/substrate symport in bacillus alcalophilus. | the na+/h+ antiporter of the obligate alkalophile bacillus alcalophilus facilitates growth at alkaline ph and precludes growth below ph 8.5. thus, nonalkalophilic mutant strains do not exhibit na+/h+ antiport activity and, interestingly, such strains concomitantly lose the ability to catalyze na+-dependent accumulation of alpha-aminoisobutyrate [krulwich, t. a., mandel, d. g. bornstein, r. f. & guffanti, a. a. (1979) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 91, 58-62]. several other na+-dependent transpor ... | 1981 | 6262805 |
| the respiratory chain of bacillus alcalophilus and its nonalkalophilic mutant derivative. | | 1981 | 6270116 |
| characterization of the na+/h+ antiporter of alkalophilic bacilli in vivo: delta psi-dependent 22na+ efflux from whole cells. | the na+/h+ antiporter of bacillus alcalophilus was studied by measuring 22na+ efflux from starved, cyanide-inhibited cells which were energized by means of a valinomycin-induced potassium diffusion potential, positive out (delta psi). in the absence of a delta psi, 22na+ efflux at ph 9.0 was slow and appreciably inhibited by n-ethylmaleimide. upon imposition of a delta psi, a very rapid rate of 22na+ efflux occurred. this rapid rate of 22na+ efflux was competitively inhibited by li+ and varied d ... | 1983 | 6315677 |
| resonance raman resolution of a-, b- and c-type cytochromes in membrane vesicles of alkalophilic bacteria. | resonance raman spectroscopy has been used to obtain complete spectra of each individual cytochrome type - a, b and c - in the reduced state within membrane vesicle preparations from two species of obligately alkalophilic bacteria: bacillus alcalophilus and bacillus firmus rab. the vibrational spectra, in the range 250-1700 cm-1, were obtained with tunable dye laser excitation in the wavelength range 550-600 nm tuned to resonance with the appropriate reduced alpha band maximum for the cytochrome ... | 1984 | 6326818 |
| a sodium requirement for growth, solute transport, and ph homeostasis in bacillus firmus rab. | activity of a na+/h+ antiporter has been suggested to be critically involved in ph homeostasis in obligately alkalophilic bacteria (krulwich, k. a., mandel, k. g., bornstein, r. f., and guffanti, a. a. (1979) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 91, 58-62) and in escherichia coli (zilberstein, d., padan, e., and schuldiner, s. (1980) febs lett. 116, 177-180). a concern with respect to these proposals has been the failure of either bacillus alcalophilus or e. coli to exhibit a requirement for added na+ ... | 1982 | 7056750 |
| monovalent cation/proton antiporters in membrane vesicles from bacillus alcalophilus. | | 1980 | 7391087 |
| evaluation of protein 3-d structure prediction: comparison of modelled and x-ray structure of an alkaline serine protease. | we describe the modelling of the structure of the highly alkaline subtilisin protease opticlean from bacillus alcalophilus. the model was developed through modelling by homology. we used the structure of subtilisin carlsberg from the brookhaven protein databank (entry 1cse) as start structure. amino acid changes and deletions were performed with the graphic protein design program bragi. force field calculations and molecular dynamic simulations were made with amber 3.0 on a multiflow trace 14/30 ... | 1995 | 7654351 |
| rational protein engineering and industrial application: structure prediction by homology and rational design of protein-variants with improved 'washing performance'--the alkaline protease from bacillus alcalophilus. | the successful attempt is presented to engineer an enzyme with respect to its technical application by the use of computer-aided protein design techniques. based on a modeled 3-d structure a number of mutants of a subtilisin-like protease was designed with the aim to increase its washing performance. the model of the highly alkaline subtilisin protease opticlean from bacillus alcalophilus was developed by the process of 'modeling by homology' starting with the structure of subtilisin carlsberg 1 ... | 1993 | 7763523 |
| complete 1h, 13c and 15n nmr assignments and secondary structure of the 269-residue serine protease pb92 from bacillus alcalophilus. | the 1h, 13c and 15n nmr resonances of serine protease pb92 have been assigned using 3d triple-resonance nmr techniques. with a molecular weight of 27 kda (269 residues) this protein is one of the largest monomeric proteins assigned so far. the side-chain assignments were based mainly on 3d h(c)ch and 3d (h)cch cosy and tocsy experiments. the set of assignments encompasses all backbone carbonyl and chn carbons, all amide (nh and nh2) nitrogens and 99.2% of the amide and chn protons. the secondary ... | 1995 | 7787423 |
| the solution structure of serine protease pb92 from bacillus alcalophilus presents a rigid fold with a flexible substrate-binding site. | research on high-alkaline proteases, such as serine protease pb92, has been largely inspired by their industrial application as protein-degrading components of washing powders. serine protease pb92 is a member of the subtilase family of enzymes, which has been extensively studied. these studies have included exhaustive protein engineering investigations and x-ray crystallography, in order to provide insight into the mechanism and specificity of enzyme catalysis. distortions have been observed in ... | 1997 | 9115441 |
| analysis of the bacillus subtilis genome: cloning and nucleotide sequence of a 62 kb region between 275 degrees (rrnb) and 284 degrees (pai). | in the framework of the international project aimed at the sequencing of the bacillus subtilis genome, five dna fragments in the region between rrnb (275 degrees) and pai (284 degrees) were cloned by inverse and combinatorial long-range pcr and their nucleotide sequences were determined and analysed. together these sequences constituted a contig of 62229 bp. on the basis of the position of not1 and stil restriction sites, the orientation and order of known genetic markers was determined to be pa ... | 1997 | 9274030 |
| buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance of neutrophilic and alkalophilic gram-positive bacteria. | buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance were examined in three gram-positive bacteria, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus alcalophilus. an acid pulse technique was used to measure both parameters. the buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance of b. alcalophilus are influenced by the ph of the medium and the culture conditions. suspensions of b. alcalophilus cells from both h. a. medium and l-malate medium cultures grown at ph 10.5 exhibited higher values for these ... | 1998 | 9546171 |
| bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. | previous dna relatedness studies showed that strains identified as bacillus mycoides segregated into two genetically distinct yet phenotypically similar groups, one being b. mycoides sensu stricto and the other, an unclassified taxon. in the present study, the taxonomic position of this second group was assessed by measuring dna relatedness and determining phenotypic characteristics of an increased number of b. mycoides strains. also determined was the second group's 16s rna gene sequence. the 3 ... | 1998 | 9734060 |
| comparative phylogeny of rrs and nifh genes in the bacillaceae. | the rrs (16s rdna) gene sequences of nitrogen-fixing endospore-forming bacilli isolated from the rhizosphere of wheat and maize were determined in order to infer their phylogenetic position in the bacillaceae. these rhizosphere strains form a monophyletic cluster with paenibacillus azotofixans, paenibacillus polymyxa and paenibacillus macerans. two of them (rsa19 and tod45) had previously been identified as bacillus circulans (group 2) by phenotypic characterization (api 50ch). evidence for nitr ... | 1999 | 10425751 |
| identification of facultatively alkaliphilic bacillus sp. strain yn-2000 and its fatty acid composition and cell-surface aspects depending on culture ph. | facultatively alkaliphilic bacillus sp. strain yn-2000 was isolated from an indigo ball. although the strain has been extensively investigated as a representative strain of alkaliphilic bacillus, its taxonomic position is not yet known. morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics and chemotaxonomic properties indicated that the strain was closely related to bacillus cohnii; this was confirmed by the high homology of the 16s rrna sequence and the construction of a phylogenetic t ... | 2000 | 11057913 |
| molecular characterization and identification of bacillus clausii strains marketed for use in oral bacteriotherapy. | a substantial number of bacillus species have been marketed for use in oral bacteriotherapy because of their purported ability to prevent or treat various gastrointestinal disorders. recently, some of the bacillus strains in enterogermina, which is made up of aqueous suspensions of viable bacillus spores, have been partially characterized and aligned with members of the bacillus alcalophilus subgroup rather than with bacillus subtilis, as previously reported. with a view toward verifying the ori ... | 2001 | 11157251 |
| optimization of protease activity of alkaliphilic bacteria isolated from an alkaline lake in india. | alkaliphilic bacteria belonging to the genera bacillus, staphylococcus, micrococcus, pseudomonas and arthrobacter isolated from sediment samples of the alkaline lonar lake situated in the buldhana district of maharashtra state, india, were studied for the production of protease activity. among the 54 isolates obtained, arthrobacter ramosus and bacillus alcalophilus exhibited high protease activity using soyacake as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. protease activity was optimum at 1% initial ... | 2002 | 12146649 |
| bacillus krulwichiae sp. nov., a halotolerant obligate alkaliphile that utilizes benzoate and m-hydroxybenzoate. | obligate alkaliphilic strains, am31d(t) and am11d, that utilize benzoate and m-hydroxybenzoate were isolated from soil obtained from tsukuba, ibaraki, japan. the isolates grew at ph 8-10, but not at neutral ph. they were gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, straight rods with peritrichous flagella and produced ellipsoidal spores. the isolates reduced nitrate to nitrite and grew in 0-14 % nacl, but not in higher concentrations. the major isoprenoid quinones were menaquinone-5, -6 and -7, and t ... | 2003 | 13130043 |
| expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of phosphoserine aminotransferase from bacillus alcalophilus. | phosphoserine aminotransferase (psat; ec 2.6.1.52) from bacillus alcalophilus, an obligatory alkalophile with optimum growth at ph 10.6, was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized under two different conditions using the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. crystals were obtained using trisodium citrate dihydrate or peg 400 as a precipitating agent. crystals grown in the presence of trisodium citrate belong to the orthorhombic space group c222(1), with unit-cell parameters ... | 2003 | 14646107 |
| lipase-producing microorganisms from a kenyan alkaline soda lake. | lipolytic enzyme production of 150 isolated strains from samples of lake bogoria (kenya) was examined. among these, fifteen isolates were selected on the basis of their lipolytic activities and subjected to morphological and 16s rrna gene sequencing analyses for their identification. all the microorganisms have been selected under culture conditions with ph ranges between 7-10 and temperatures of 37-55 degrees c. most of them showed optimal growth at 37 degrees c and tolerated salinity up to 10% ... | 2004 | 15000472 |
| bacillus alcalophilus peptidoglycan induces ifn-alpha-mediated inhibition of vaccinia virus replication. | bacterial products such as cell walls (cw) and peptidoglycan (pgn) are known to activate macrophages and nk cells during microbial infections. in this report, we demonstrated that whole cw and pgn of four gram-positive bacteria are capable of enhancing the anti-poxviral activity of murine macrophage raw 264.7 cells. among the major bacillus alcalophilus cw components, pgn contributes the most to antiviral activity and induces remarkably higher levels of ifn-alpha. anti-ifn-alpha/beta antibody, b ... | 2004 | 15364104 |
| wide-range distribution of insertion sequences identified in b. halodurans among bacilli and a new transposon disseminated in alkaliphilic and thermophilic bacilli. | all of the insertion sequences (iss) except for is663 and a group ii intron identified in the alkaliphilic bacillus halodurans c-125 genome were also detected in nine other strains of the same species by pcr and southern blot analysis. the transposase of is 653 identified in the genomes of the 10 strains of b. halodurans was found to have become the most diversified of all iss identified in the genomes of 10 strains. a new is element designated is661 belonging to the is1380 family with inverted ... | 2004 | 15368891 |
| enzyme adaptation to alkaline ph: atomic resolution (1.08 a) structure of phosphoserine aminotransferase from bacillus alcalophilus. | the crystal structure of the vitamin b(6)-dependent enzyme phosphoserine aminotransferase from the obligatory alkaliphile bacillus alcalophilus has been determined at 1.08 a resolution. the model was refined to an r-factor of 11.7% (r(free) = 13.9%). the enzyme displays a narrow ph optimum of enzymatic activity at ph 9.0. the final structure was compared to the previously reported structure of the mesophilic phosphoserine aminotransferase from escherichia coli and to that of phosphoserine aminot ... | 2005 | 15608117 |
| kinetic and molecular properties of bacillus subtilis ibtc-3 subtilisin. | bacillus subtilis ibtc-3 subtilisin was purified by gel filtration on sephadex g 75 and affinity chromatography on bacitracin-cnbr-sepharose 4b and characterized. its molecular mass of 27 kda was determined by sds-page, and isoelectric ph of 8.4 by chromatofocusing. ft-raman and ft-ir spectroscopy studies revealed fragments with alpha-helix and irregular secondary structures within the polypeptide chain. the beta-sheet conformation was observed only in second-derivatives of ft-rs and ft-ir spect ... | 2005 | 15649780 |
| bacillus bogoriensis sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic, halotolerant bacterium isolated from a kenyan soda lake. | strain lbb3(t) isolated from bogoria soda lake in kenya is an alkaliphilic, gram-positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile, spore-forming bacterium. it was identified as a member of the genus bacillus on the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses. the organism grows optimally at 37 degrees c and ph 10. the g+c content of the genomic dna is 37.5 mol%. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed 95 and 96 % sequence similarity with bacillus pseudofirmus (dsm 8715(t)) and bacillus alcalophilus (dsm ... | 2005 | 15774682 |
| strain relief at the active site of phosphoserine aminotransferase induced by radiation damage. | the x-ray susceptibility of the lysine-pyridoxal-5'-phosphate schiff base in bacillus alcalophilus phosphoserine aminotransferase has been investigated using crystallographic data collected at 100 k to 1.3 a resolution, complemented by on-line spectroscopic studies. x-rays induce deprotonation of the internal aldimine, changes in the schiff base conformation, displacement of the cofactor molecule, and disruption of the schiff base linkage between pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and the lys residue. analy ... | 2005 | 15883191 |
| ecophysiology and molecular phylogeny of bacteria isolated from alkaline two-phase olive mill wastes. | the use of two-phase centrifugal decanters has been widely adopted in the olive oil extraction industry in order to reduce the huge quantities of wastewaters produced during the traditional three-phase extraction process. the resulting sludge-like byproduct, widely known as "alpeorujo", has a ph of 4-6, low water activity (a(w)) and high phytotoxicity. addition of ca(oh)(2) to alpeorujo, which is commonly performed at the olive oil mill to handle disposal problems related to acidic ph and odor e ... | 2006 | 16307869 |
| [identification of moderately halophilic strain dty1 and study of its halotolerant mechanism]. | a bacterial strain dty1 was isolated from caragana rhizosphere in wuzhai, shanxi. it was identified as bacillus alcalophilus according to its morphological, physiological, biochemical characters and the sequence analysis of the 16s rdna. the growth salinity of strain dty1 was between 0 - 1.2mol/l nacl. the optimum growth temperature and ph was 32 degrees c and 7 - 10, respectively. strain dty1 could accumulate 1.40mg/g ectoine in lb medium containing 0.17mol/l nacl quantified by high-performance ... | 2006 | 17302161 |
| [cloning and characterization of ectabc cluster from bacillus alcalophilus dty1]. | bacillus alcalophilus dty1, one moderate halophytic bacterium isolated from saline soil in loess plateau of china, was characterized with efficient production of ectoine. in this study, the gene cluster ectabc taking in charge of biosynthesizing ectoine was cloned from the genomic library of strain dty1. nucleotide sequencing indicated that ecta, ectb and ectc were predicted to encode peptides of 169, 428 and 132 amino acids, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequences of ecta, ectb and ectc ... | 2008 | 18589814 |
| bioresolution of benzyl glycidyl ether using whole cells of bacillus alcalophilus. | the incubation of whole bacillus alcalophilus cells grown on a mineral supplemented medium (msm) containing 1% (w/v) sucrose as carbon source, 1.2% (w/v) tryptone as nitrogen source at ph 6.5 and temperature 30 °c in 24 h kinetically resolved benzyl glycidyl ether (1 mg/ml) to provide (s)-benzyl glycidyl ether with 30% ee and (r)-3-benzyloxypropane-1,2-diol with 40% ee. (© 2011 wiley-vch verlag gmbh & co. kgaa, weinheim). | 2011 | 22052437 |
| heterologous expression, biochemical characterization, and overproduction of alkaline α-amylase from bacillus alcalophilus in bacillus subtilis. | alkaline α-amylases have potential applications for hydrolyzing starch under high ph conditions in the starch and textile industries and as ingredients in detergents for automatic dishwashers and laundries. while the alkaline α-amylase gains increased industrial interest, the yield of alkaline α-amylases from wild-type microbes is low, and the combination of genetic engineering and process optimization is necessary to achieve the overproduction of alkaline α-amylase. | 2011 | 21978209 |
| nonconventional cation-coupled flagellar motors derived from the alkaliphilic bacillus and paenibacillus species. | prior to 2008, all previously studied conventional bacterial flagellar motors appeared to utilize either h(+) or na(+) as coupling ions. membrane-embedded stator complexes support conversion of energy using transmembrane electrochemical ion gradients. the main h(+)-coupled stators, known as motab, differ from na(+)-coupled stators, pomab of marine bacteria, and motps of alkaliphilic bacillus. however, in 2008, a motab-type flagellar motor of alkaliphilic bacillus clausii ksm-k16 was revealed as ... | 2017 | 27771767 |
| a bacillus flagellar motor that can use both na+ and k+ as a coupling ion is converted by a single mutation to use only na+. | in bacteria, the sodium ion (na(+)) cycle plays a critical role in negotiating the challenges of an extremely alkaline and sodium-rich environment. alkaliphilic bacteria that grow optimally at high ph values use na(+) for solute uptake and flagellar rotation because the proton (h(+)) motive force is insufficient for use at extremely alkaline ph. only three types of electrically driven rotary motors exist in nature: the f-type atpase, the v-type atpase, and the bacterial flagellar motor. until no ... | 2012 | 23049994 |
| structural basis of l-phosphoserine binding to bacillus alcalophilus phosphoserine aminotransferase. | phosphoserine aminotransferase is a vitamin b6-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate to l-phosphoserine using glutamate as an amine donor. in an effort to gain insight into the substrate-recognition mechanism of the enzyme, crystal structures of bacillus alcalophilus phosphoserine aminotransferase in the presence or absence of l-phosphoserine were determined to resolutions of 1.5 and 1.6 å, respectively. local conformational changes induced upon su ... | 2013 | 23633589 |
| characterization and ph-dependent substrate specificity of alkalophilic xylanase from bacillus alcalophilus. | the gene of endo-beta-1-4 xylanase, xynt, was cloned from bacillus alcalophilus ax2000 and expressed in escherichia coli. this xynt, which belongs to glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 10, was found to have a molecular weight of approximately 37 kda and exhibit optimal activity at ph 7-9 and 50 °c. it exhibits a high activity towards birchwood xylan and has the ability to bind avicel. under optimal conditions, xynt hydrolyzes all xylooligomers into xylobiose as an end product with a preference for ... | 2012 | 22763748 |
| ion selectivity of the flagellar motors derived from the alkaliphilic bacillus and paenibacillus species. | many bacteria can swim using their flagella, which are filamentous organelles that extend from the cell surface. the flagellar motor is energized by either a proton (h(+)) or sodium ion (na(+)) as the motive force. motab-type stators use protons, whereas motps- and pomab-type stators use na(+) as the coupling ions. recently, alkaliphilic bacillus alcalophilus was shown to use potassium ions (k(+)) and rubidium ions (rb(+)) for flagellar rotation, and the flagellar motor from paenibacillus sp. tc ... | 2017 | 28389964 |
| polygonibacillus indicireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., an indigo-reducing and obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo fermentation liquor for dyeing. | obligately alkaliphilic and halophilic strains, designated in2-9t and d2-7, were isolated from a fermented polygonum indigo (polygonum tinctorium lour.) liquor sample obtained from a craft centre in date city, hokkaido, japan. the 16s rrna gene sequence phylogeny suggested that strain in2-9t is a member of the genus bacillus with the closest relatives being the alkaliphilic species of the genus bacillus, bacillus hemicellulosilyticusjcm 9152t (96.4 % 16s rrna gene sequence similarity) and bacill ... | 2016 | 27503611 |
| paralkalibacillus indicireducens gen., nov., sp. nov., an indigo-reducing obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo fermentation liquor used for dyeing. | obligately alkaliphilic, indigo-reducing strains, designated bps-1t, bps-2 and bps-3, were isolated from an indigo fermentation liquor used for dyeing, which was produced from sukumo (composted polygonum indigo leaves) obtained from a craft centre in data city, hokkaido, japan, by using medium containing cellulase-treated sukumo. the 16s rrna gene sequence phylogeny suggested that bps-1t has a distinctive position among the alkaliphilic species of the genus bacillus, with its closest neighbours ... | 2017 | 28905696 |
| a novel tarantula toxin stabilizes the deactivated voltage sensor of bacterial sodium channel. | voltage-gated sodium channels (navs) are activated by transiting the voltage sensor from the deactivated to the activated state. the crystal structures of several bacterial navs have captured the voltage sensor module (vsm) in an activated state, but structure of the deactivated voltage sensor remains elusive. in this study, we sought to identify peptide toxins stabilizing the deactivated vsm of bacterial navs. we screened fractions from several venoms and characterized a cystine knot toxin call ... | 2017 | 28400471 |
| structure of the c-terminal domain of the prokaryotic sodium channel orthologue nsvba. | crystallographic and electrophysiological studies have recently provided insight into the structure, function, and drug binding of prokaryotic sodium channels. these channels exhibit significant sequence identities, especially in their transmembrane regions, with human voltage-gated sodium channels. however, rather than being single polypeptides with four homologous domains, they are tetramers of single domain polypeptides, with a c-terminal domain (ctd) composed of an inter-subunit four helix c ... | 2016 | 27106836 |
| a novel transposable mu-like prophage in bacillus alcalophilus cgmcc 1.3604 (atcc 27647). | | 2015 | 25628219 |
| draft genome sequence of bacillus alcalophilus av1934, a classic alkaliphile isolated from human feces in 1934. | bacillus alcalophilus av1934, isolated from human feces, was described in 1934 before microbiome studies and recent indications of novel potassium ion coupling to motility in this extremophile. here, we report draft sequences that will facilitate an examination of whether that coupling is part of a larger cycle of potassium ion-coupled transporters. | 2014 | 25395643 |
| sodium dodecyl sulphate, a strong inducer of thermostable glucanhydrolase secretion from a derepressed mutant strain of bacillus alcalophilus gcbna-4. | in the present study, we report the optimisation of batch conditions for improved α-1,4-glucan-glucanohydrolase (ggh) secretion by a nitrous acid (na)-treated bacillus alcalophilus. the wild (isolate gcb-18) and na-derivative (mutant gcbna-4) were grown in a medium containing 10 g/l nutrient broth, 10 g/l starch, 5 g/l lactose, 2 g/l ammonium sulphate, 2 g/l cacl2 and phosphate buffer (ph 7.6). sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds) was used as an enzyme inducer while batch fermentations were carried out ... | 2013 | 23456276 |
| (1)h, (13)c and (15)n nmr backbone assignments of the 269-residue serine protease pb92 from bacillus alcalophilus. | the (1)h, (13)c and (15)n nmr resonances of the backbone of serine protease pb92 have been assigned. this 269-residue protein is one of the largest monomeric proteins assigned so far. the amount and quality of information available suggest that even larger proteins could be assigned with present methods. measured chemical shifts show excellent agreement with the secondary structure. | 1994 | 22911160 |