| study of the sporulation of bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. | during the submerged cultivation of bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis in 300- and 3000-liter fermentors, lysis occurred at the end of the exponential phase of growth. new vegetative cells were subsequently formed which usually sporulated. at time of lysis, the amount of soluble sugar was 1-12 g/liter, ph value dropped to 5.3-5.8 from the original ph 6.8 and started to rise after all the cells had lysed. the proteolytic activity was low during the lysis and increased as the sporulation co ... | 1975 | 1076 |
| interrelationship between the intestinal microflora of lackey moth, brown-tail moth and the entomopathogenic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis. | the interrelationship between the intestine microflora of lackey moth (malacosoma neustria l.), brown-tail moth (nygmia phaeorrhoea l.) and entomopathogenic bacteria bacillus thuringiensis (berl.), bac. thuringiensis var. galleriea, and bac. thuringiensis kr3 was studied in vitro. various organisms of the intestine microflora of lackey moth display bacteriostatic action towards bac. thuringiensis var. galleriea and bac. thuringiensis kr3 which is not typical of the microflora of brown-tail moth ... | 1975 | 2842 |
| production of lecithinase by bacillus thuringiensis. | the activity of lecithaniase was determined in 24 strains of bacillus thuringiensis on four growth media. the highest accumulation of lecithinase was found on the hottinger medium containing 0.5% of glucose and 0.56% of sodium bicarbonate. lecithinase appears at the logarithmic growth phase, and its activity is maximal after 10 hours of growth (at the beginning of the stationary phase). biosynthesis and accumulation of lecithinase occur at ph 6.0 to 9.0. lecithinase was purified by salting out w ... | 1975 | 2844 |
| chitinase of bacillus thuringiensis. | strains of bacillus thuringiensis were shown to hydrolyse various forms of chitin around growing colonies on a solid medium. in conditions of submerged cultivation on a medium containing demineralized crab shells, bac. thuringiensis var. caucasicus inmi arm. 837 manifests the chitinolytic activity at the beginning of the stationary growth phase. the activity of chitinase which is of a constitutive nature increases when the bacterium is cultivated at ph 7.2. the maximum rate of hydrolysis of coll ... | 1976 | 13274 |
| proteins of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin crystals. | pure crystals (at least 99% purification) of sigma-endotoxin were isolated from bac. thuringiensis var. galleriae. the complete dissolution of crystals might be achieved by the increase of ph up to 12 and higher or by a combined action of s = s-reducing and denaturing agents. electrophoresis of the solubilized crystal proteins in 5% polyacrylamide gels containing 0,1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 8 m urea reveals two major bands corresponding to molecular weights of 120000--140000 (65%) and 65000 ... | 1977 | 21000 |
| [effect of ph on the growth of bacillus thuringiensis]. | the effect of ph on the growth phase parameters was studied with bacillus thuringiensis. the experimental data obtained were used to draw the regression equation describing the spore titre as a function of ph. as a result of analysing the equation coefficients and the effect of ph on the growth phase parameters, a ph profile has been proposed which favours an increase in the titre of spores. the profile decreases the rate of oxygen uptake at the exponential growth phase and increases the rate of ... | 1979 | 34081 |
| [comparative sensitivities of six different species of mosquitoes to bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis]. | | 1979 | 34488 |
| [construction of partial denaturation charts for dna with random base distribution]. | by measuring dna temperature transition profiles the evidence was obtained that dna of phages tg9 and ob infecting bacillus thuringiensis and brevibacterium flavum respectively have a random base distribution. after alkaline treatment in the presence of 10 per cent formaldehyde at room temperature partially denatured molecules of phage tg9 and ob dna's with different degrees of denaturation were obtained. using electron microscopy the maps of distribution of melted regions along these dna's were ... | 1977 | 36554 |
| [determination of the antibacterial activity of various mycotoxins using bacillus thuringiensis (berliner)]. | antibacterial activity of pure preparations of mycotoxins, was studied against strains of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). most of fungal metabolites used provokes: 1) growth bacterial inhibition similar to lethal effect of antibiotics 2) enlargment of cell volume; this cell abnormality induction resembles those obtained with mitomycin c. the bioassay of fungal toxins with b. thuringiensis can be recommended as a sensitive technique to supplement chemical characterization. by using specific ce ... | 1979 | 36567 |
| mechanism of inhibition of active potassium transport in isolated midgut of manduca sexta by bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin. | after incubation at ph 10 or higher, bacillus thuringiensis spores and endotoxin, at concentrations above 0.1 iu/ml, affected transport parameters in the isolated midgut of manduca sexta larvae. (toxic activity was lost during roughly 1 week at ph 11.) about 60% of the short-circuit current was inhibited, and the remainder was reversibly inhibited by anoxia. electrical resistance was reduced by about 55% and oxygen uptake stimulated by about 30%. influx of potassium from blood-side to lumen-side ... | 1979 | 43881 |
| toxicity of parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis to mosquitoes. | toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (onr-60a/who 1897) parasporal crystals to three medically important mosquito larvae is described. the numbers of larvae killed are in relation to crystal dry weight. the crystals are lethally toxic to aedes aegypti linnaeus (mean 50% lethal concentration [lc50] = 1.9 x 10(-4) micrograms/ml), culex pipiens var. quinquefasciatus say (lc50 = 3.7 x 10(-4) micrograms/ml), and anopheles albimanus wiedemann (lc50 = 8.0 x 10(-3) micrograms/ml). purfi ... | 1979 | 44177 |
| application of bathurin and borax in the biological control of monomorium pharaonis in housing estates. | of two apartment houses infested with ants of the species monomorium pharaonis, one was treated with a biological, the other with a chemical substance. in the first case we used bathurin in combination with borax at a concentration of 1.3% for both substances. in the first week, borax was added to the bait (minced beef), within the next three weeks, the bait was mixed with bathurin. the procedure was repeated 5 times. after this period, we achieved complete control of the ants on the infested pr ... | 1976 | 62524 |
| [toxicity of bacillus thuringienses var. israelensis for larvae of aedes aegypti and anopheles stephensi]. | the comparative study of the larvicidal action of b. thuringiensis var. israelensis on a. aegypti and a. stephensi shows the greater sensitivity of a. aegypti, with 100% of mortality in 30 to 40 min. at high doses. but, for both species of mosquito, the toxicity of these bacteria is very high, as shown by the mortality regression curves and by the lc50. this toxicity is associated with the crystals and can be extracted from them by dilute alkali solution, like the general case of the other serot ... | 1978 | 96979 |
| [cytological study of the action of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis on mosquito larvae]. | a comparison is made between the cytopathological effects of b. thuringiensis var. israelensis on aedes aegypti larvae and the cytopathological effects of the other varieties of b. thuringiensis on lepidoptera larvae. the same primary action is observed, with the loss of integrity of the gut epithelium, the cells of which appear swollen, distorted and finally burst. | 1978 | 97020 |
| [study of lysogeny in bacillus thuringiensis and b. cereus]. | forty-eight strains of bacillus thuringiensis and 12 strains of b. cereus were treated with ultraviolet light and mitomycin c. the former agent was the more effective inducer. bacillus thuringiensis produces at least seven different phage particles with long, non-contractile tails. the frequencies of lysogeny and polylysogeny are 83 and 25% respectively. morphologically defective phages occur in 25% of strains, whereas five of them produce low molecular-weight bacteriocins. one strain of b. cere ... | 1978 | 98223 |
| [modes of tetracycline resistance in bacillus thuringiensis]. | the sensitive strain and tetracycline-resistant mutants exhibit two types of growth curves after addition of tetracycline. the level of resistance of these strains is enhanced by a short period of preincubation with a non-inhibitive concentration of tetracycline. | 1978 | 99258 |
| [relative sensitivity of various cell cultures to the thermostable exotoxin of b. thuringiensis]. | the "thermostable" b. thuringiensis exotoxin is active on cell cultures of mammals "in vitro", except on the kb strain from a human tumor. the primary cultures are the most sensitive: first, with monkey kidney cells, the growth is inhibited by 0.1 mg of toxin per ml; next, the young rabbit kidney cells react to 0.25 mg of toxin per ml. the established lines of cells come last: human diploid cells (lyon 4) and heteroploid cells (bhk21c13), with the same active dose of 1 mg of toxin per ml. no pro ... | 1978 | 100834 |
| deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness between bacillus anthracis, bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1978 | 105229 |
| radiosensitivity of bacteriophages of aerobic spore-forming microorganisms. | under conditions of the direct action of radiation on seven original phages of aerobic spore-forming bacteria and four standard phages of e. coli, it was established that they possessed different sensitivity to gamma radiation and were distributed into four groups. the phages of e. coli of the t series, especially t2 phage, proved the most sensitive. the phages of aerobic spore-forming bacilli were characterized by greater resistance to the action of gamma radiation, which is evidently associate ... | 1978 | 105763 |
| [toxins and enzymes of several species of bacillus, especially of the b. cereus-thuringiensis group (author's transl)]. | in the examined strains the production of following toxins or enzymes was determined by bioassay or by semiquantitative and routine diagnostical tests: delta-endotoxin, alpha-exotoxin, beta-exotoxin hemolysin, phospholipase c, proteinase. the production of delta-endotoxin (= a parasporal crystal toxic for several insects) is the only character in that b. thuringiensis differs from b. cereus. other biochemical features as production of so-called alpha-exotoxin (= soluble toxic protein), hemolysin ... | 1979 | 112804 |
| virulence factors in bacillus thuringiensis: purification and properties of a protein inhibitor of immunity in insects. | we have previously shown that bacillus thuringiensis subsp. alesti, serotype 3, produces two extracellular inhibitors of the immune system of saturniid pupae (designated inhibitors a and b; edlund et al., 1976). starting from the culture supernatant of a new mutant of b. thuringiensis with a decreased extracellular proteolytic activity, we have now purified immune inhibitor a(ina). the procedure described consists of three steps: ultrafiltration, precipitation with ammonium sulphate and chromato ... | 1979 | 118233 |
| [toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis for simulium larvae, vectors of onchocerciasis]. | on field trials in infested streams, the primary powder r 153-78 made of b. thuringiensis var. israelensis with a potency of 3,000 i.t.u. aedes aegypti/milligramme is very toxic for blackfly larvae, especially for simulium damnosum s.l. larvae. the lethal concentration 100, in 24 h. is 0.2 x 10(-6) for a 10 min. treatment. this high toxicity, specific for diptera larvae such as mosquitoes and blackflies, is related to the special characteristic of the bacterial crystal protein which has a clear ... | 1979 | 118818 |
| determination of exotoxin in bacillus thuringiensis cells. | the presence of exotoxin in bacillus thuringiensis was demonstrated and its quantity in the cells determined. the concentration of exotoxin in the producing microorganism is approximately half the concentration of atp. exotoxin is produced at such a rate that the cell excretes 1/5 to 1/4 of its exotoxin content into the medium per minute. | 1975 | 123390 |
| mutagenicity of bacillus thuringiensis exotoxin i. mammalian tests. | | 1977 | 140159 |
| inhibition of adenyl cyclase by an exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1975 | 163006 |
| does cyclic amp have a role in the pathogenesis of fever in the rabbit? | | 1976 | 180436 |
| electron microscope study of sporulation and parasporal crystal formation in bacillus thuringiensis. | a comprehensive ultrastructural analysis of sporulation and parasporal crystal development is described for bacillus thuringiensis. the insecticidal crystal of b. thuringiensis is initiated at the start of engulfment and is nearly complete by the time the exosporium forms. the crystal and a heretofore unobserved ovoid inclusion develop without any clear association with the forespore septum, exosporium, or mesosomes. these observations contradict previous hypotheses that the crystal is synthesiz ... | 1976 | 182671 |
| fine structure of the baccilus thuringiensis spore. | the thin-sectioned spore of bacillus thuringiensis resembles that of bacillus cereus in fine structure. planar inclusions occur between the exosporium and spore coat and are structured differently from the parasporal crystal outside the exosporium. | 1976 | 185959 |
| the effect of an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase on the development of pyrogen, prostaglandin and cyclic amp fevers in the rabbit. | an exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis known to inhibit adenylate cyclase in vitro has been used to investigate the role of cyclic amp in the pathogenesis of fever in the rabbit. intra-hypothalamic microinjections of the exotoxin are non-pyrogenic and significantly attenuate the hyperthermia caused by intrahypothalamic microinjections of both bacterial pyrogen (endotoxin) and prostaglandin e1. the hyperthermia produced by dibutyrl cyclic amp is not affected by the exotoxin. these results support ... | 1976 | 189286 |
| contamination of the deep tissues of carcasses by bacteria present on the slaughter instruments or in the gut. | | 1979 | 222722 |
| metalloprotease from bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki was shown to produce an extracellular, metal chelator-sensitive protease during the early stages of sporulation. protease production in nutrient broth was dependent upon supplementation with mn2+ or ca2. the addition of ca24 was required for enzyme stabilization... | 1975 | 241290 |
| responsibility of 16s rna for the stimulation of polypeptide synthesis by spermidine. | | 1977 | 326259 |
| a method for the isolation of asporogenic mutants of bacillus thuringiensis. | asporogenic and oligosporogenic mutants of bacillus thuringiensis can be isolated by streaking the bacteria onto a solid medium, incubating at 42 degrees c, and picking small, raised areas of growth which appear on the streaks after 48 h. | 1978 | 346187 |
| inhibition of rna polymerase from bacillus thuringiensis and escherichia coli by beta-exotoxin. | the characteristics of exotoxin inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) dependent ribonucleic acid (rna) polymerase isolated from escherichia coli and bacillus thuringiensis were investigated. rna polymerase isolated from a variety of growth stages was partially purified and assayed using several different native and synthetic dna templates, and exotoxin inhibition patterns were recorded for each. although 8 to 20-h rna polymerase extracts of e. coli retained normal sensitivity to exotoxin (50 ... | 1978 | 350363 |
| [effect of bacterial insecticides on soil self-purification processes and on the survival in the soil of pathogenic enterobacteria with the example of salmonella typhimurium]. | | 1979 | 387535 |
| structure of cloned ribosomal dna cistrons from bacillus thuringiensis. | a library of b. thuringiensis dna has been prepared by using the plasmid pbr322 as a cloning vehicle and e. coli as a host cell. by screening this collection with specific probes, 17 clones were identified whose hybrid plasmids contain rrna genes of b. thuringiensis. several of these plasmids have been mapped with restriction endonucleases and by dna-rna hybridization. by using maps of overlapping fragments, we have been able to establish an overall map of the ribosomal gene cluster. | 1979 | 388353 |
| membrane fractions from the outer layers of spores of bacillus thuringiensis with toxicity to lepidopterous larvae. | two membrane fractions, f1 and f2, have been purified from the outer layers of spores of bacillus thuringiensis. both fractions contain 6-7% cysteine and appear to be similar in composition. amino acids account for about 75% of the dry weight, carbohydrate for about 2% and lipids for about 25%. the fractions are both toxic to pieris brassicae and the toxicity is inactivated by antiserum to the toxic crystal of bacillus thuringiensis. the fractions can be distinguished by examination under the el ... | 1977 | 402265 |
| [characteristics of phages of spore-forming bacteria isolated from the soil]. | phages lyzing spore forming bacteria were isolated from soil, and their biological properties and fine structure were studied. the spectrum of lytic activity was determined as well as parameters of the intracellular phage growth. the burst size of the phage varies from 8 to 725 particles per infected cell, the latent period lasts 25-100 min for various phages. according to the data of electron microscopy, the phages are divided into three morphological groups. the phages tg7, ar13 and bpp10 have ... | 1977 | 408587 |
| [morphologic alterations induced by aflatoxin b1 in bacillus thuringiensis (berliner)]. | significative ultrastructural alterations shown in aflatoxin b1, treated cells of bacillus thuringiensis are: increase of number of mesosomes which are hypertrophied, decrease of ribosomes and formation of imperfect cell septa. | 1977 | 409554 |
| [mitogenic action of the thermostable exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1977 | 410525 |
| [mutants of bacillus thuringiensis with altered sporulation: morphologic responses to several treatments applied in the exponential phase]. | during log-phase of growth, wild strain and and oxytetracycline-resistant mutants with altered sporulation exhibit distinct responses to some treatments, autolysis, osmotic pressure, ultraviolet irradiation and bacteriophage infection. | 1977 | 411590 |
| determination of fatty acid compositions of bacillus cereus and related bacteria: a rapid gas chromatographic method using a glass capillary column. | a rapid gas chromatographic method for the determination of fatty acid compositions of bacillus cereus and related bacteria is presented. by the use of a free fatty acid phase-coated glass capillary column, the complete separation of fatty acids, including the branched ones, was achieved. the method enables a more distinct differentiation of bacillus species than can be obtained with packed columns. | 1978 | 416751 |
| [radiosensitivity of the bacteriophages of aerobic sporulating microorganisms]. | | 1978 | 417102 |
| [a new variety of bacillus thuringinesis very toxic to mosquitoes: b. thuringiensis var. israelensis serotype 14]. | a new strain of b. thuringiensis is described, the flagllar antigen of which is a new one named h14. this strain produces unusual crystals, with all shapes and sizes, and shows a high toxicity for larvae of aedes aegypti. | 1978 | 417869 |
| on the formation of crystal proteins during sporulation in bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. | the processes of sporulation and crystal formation in bacillus thuringiensis could be desynchronized, using short term temperature shift-up conditions or addition of chloramphenicol at the beginning of sporulation. isolation of a sp-, cr+ mutant, blocked at early stage of sporulation further confirmed that crystal formation can occur in the absence of sporulation. the presence of one of the two antigenic subunits of the crystal protein in chloramphenicol treated cultures and both of them in cult ... | 1979 | 426602 |
| [protein composition of crystals (delta-endotoxin) of different serotypes of bac. thuringiensis]. | the crystals of entomopathogenic protein from bac. thuringiensis contain admixtures of proteinases adhering to their surfaces. a newly developed technique of protease inactivation allowed to estimate the true protein composition of the crystals of various strains of bac. thuringiensis. it was shown that the crystals of all strains (with the exception of v and viii) are composed of only one protein with molecular weights of 145,000, 135,000 and 130,000, depending on the strain. the crystals of se ... | 1979 | 435578 |
| [bacillus thuringiensis plasmid dna]. | plasmid dnas were isolated from bacillus thuringiensis and their physico-chemical properties were studied. the dnas were purified using ultracentrifugation in a cscl2 density gradient. the molecular weight of these extrachromosomal dnas determined by electrophoresis in 0.6% agarose gel and by electron microscopy was 6 . 10(6)--10 . 10(6) daltons; a dna with a molecular weight of 90 . 10(6) daltons was also found. digestion with restriction endonuclease ecori yielded fragments of the plasmid dnas ... | 1979 | 440159 |
| [proteinases in growth and spore formation of bacillus thuringiensis]. | some serine proteases and leucine aminopeptidases were detected inside and outside the cells during the analysis of three crystalline and two acrystalline strains of bac. thuringiensis var. galleriae. the data obtained on the protease formation during growth and sporulation and the level of their activity are indicative of intracellular proteases involvement in spore- and crystal formation. the enzymes isolated from the culture medium do not probably take part in these processes. the intracellul ... | 1979 | 454710 |
| [antibacterial activity of zearalenone]. | zearalenone, a mycotoxin secreted by fusarium sp. and gibberella zeae, shows a narrow range of antibacterial activity limited to some gram-positive aerobic spore-forming bacteria. in bacillus thuringiensis (berliner), a highly sensitive species, this activity is characterized by a decrease of cellular division and induction of atypical cells. these effects resemble those obtained with two other mycotoxins which possess a lactone structure: aflatoxin b1 and patulin. | 1979 | 455155 |
| [genetic and radiobiologic characteristics of bacillus thuringiensis tg13 phage]. | | 1979 | 456889 |
| [fibrinolytic activity of several variants of bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1979 | 461377 |
| [amination and biosynthesis of glutamate by r- and s-forms of bacillus thuringiensis]. | these studies were designed to determine the biochemical nature of the bacillus thuringiensis growth being dependent on glutamate during cultivation in a minimal medium. this is possible to be due to the absence of enzymes which catalyze glutamic acid synthesis by direct amination of alpha-ketoglutaric acid, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthase, and a decrease in the activity of the enzyme catalyzing amination of pyruvic acid, alanine dehydrogenase. it has been shown that the lack of g ... | 1979 | 470635 |
| autoradiographic study of the localization and evolution of growth zones in bacterial colonies. | incorporation of [3h]leucine in the bacteria of 18 to 48 h-old colonies of pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas putida, bacillus thuringiensis, staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli enabled the localization of bacterial multiplication sites by means of autoradiography of sagittal sections. in colonies where fast diameter expansion occurred, all the bacteria from the peripheral corona contributed to peripheral growth; in colonies where the expansion was slower, the growth rate of the bacteria ... | 1979 | 479831 |
| [bacteriocin-like factor in bacillus thuringiensis]. | the paper describes bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae strains possessing a bacteriocin-like factor (factor k) which inhibits the cultures of a number of serotypes of bac. thuringiensis. the k+ cultures exhibit no antibacterial effect on other gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. the maximal level of factor k is found by the 8--9th hour of cultivation. no correlation has been established between the strucutred elements in the preparations of k+ cultures and the antibacterial activi ... | 1979 | 481284 |
| toxicity of parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis to the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella. | toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis parasporal crystals to the indian meal moth, plodia interpunctella, is described. the numbers of insects killed were in relation to crystal dry weight. mortality was determined by comparing adult emergence in diets treated with crystals to emergence in untreated diets. there was only a 30% survival at an application of 0.414 microgram/cm2, and the mean 50% lethal concentration value was found to be 0.299 microgram/cm2. the use of emergence data has provided a r ... | 1979 | 485134 |
| [hygienic basis for regulating the use of bacterial insecticides in agriculture and the permissible residues of their producer, bac. thuringiensis, in plant products]. | | 1979 | 499875 |
| mutagenicity of bacillus thuringiensis exotoxin iii. sister chromatid exchange in rats in vivo. | | 1979 | 500386 |
| converting bacteriophage for sporulation and crystal formation in bacillus thuringiensis. | bacteriophage tp-13, a converting phage for sporulation and crystal formation in bacillus thuringiensis, was isolated from soil. the phage converted anoligosporogenic (sporulation frequency, 10(-8), acrystalliferous mutant to spore positive, crystal positive at a high frequency. each plaque formed by tp-13 in a lawn of sensitive cells contained spores and crystals. these spores were heat stable, and each one was capable of producing a plaque from which tp-13 could be reisolated. conversion of ce ... | 1979 | 500567 |
| toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis toward aedes aegypti larvae. | | 1979 | 501129 |
| [electron microscopic study of the interaction between phages and bacillus thuringiensis cells]. | the interaction of phages belonging to different morphological groups with the cells of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae r and s variants was studied. no adsorption of phages tg11 and tg18 on the cells of r variant was found upon infection in a liquid medium. what is characteristic of phage tg11 is that it is predominantly adsorbed at the poles of s variant cells. phage tg18 particles are uniformly distributed along the perimeter of s variant cells. phage tg13 is adsorbed on the both varian ... | 1979 | 502910 |
| who looks at bacteria for vector control. | | 1979 | 503213 |
| study on the possibility of adopting a complex method in blattella germanica (l.) control on board ships. | campaings to control the german cockroach, blattela germanica, were conducted at 14-day intervals over a period of 5.5 months on two merchant vessels of similar size and type. on one ship only the chemical "gertoks", carbamate insecticide containing 1% propoxur was applied, and on the second ship two preparations simultaneously, a chemical and a biological--"biotrol 25 w" containing bacillus thuringiensis. - in order to assess the success of the control, the extent of infestation in the accomoda ... | 1979 | 506564 |
| [partial purification and properties of proteases of bitoxibacillin]. | the paper describes properties of proteases a and b isolated from the biological insecticide bitoxibacillin by sulphate precipitation and sephadex g-75 gel filtration. proteases a and b of bitoxibacillin belong to the neutral bacterial proteases. ph optimum was found to be 6.0 and 7.5 for detection of proteolytic activity of protease a and protease b, respectively. thermal stability of proteases a and b was similar and increased by 25% upon addition of cacl2. both proteases were inhibited with e ... | 1979 | 514993 |
| interchain crosslinks in the entomocidal bacillus thuringiensis protein crystal. | | 1979 | 520581 |
| purification of the insecticidal toxin from the parasporal crystal of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki. | | 1979 | 526269 |
| [effect of certain organophosphorus insecticides on spores of the bacillus thuringiensis group of bacteria]. | | 1979 | 530120 |
| phagocytosis-stimulating mediators in insects. | the ability of insect blood cells to ingest all kinds of synthetic particles and also a wide range of microorganisms in a very short time after injection has up to now been regarded as a phagocytic function without any humoral mediators. in a phagocytosis model with latex beads and nonhagocytosable cells of bacillus thuringiensis subtoxicus, we are able to demonstrate the existence of lymphokine-like factors, which intervene in cellular defence reactions of insect. the following results were obt ... | 1979 | 543373 |
| [effect of high doses of the toxins from bacillus thuringiensis strains on mice and sheep]. | the investigation on bac. thuringiensis toxines applied orally and subcutaneously on experimental white mice and on sheep proved that high doses of the dipel endotoxin are most toxic for mice of all strains (no. 862, 2e, 171) and spores and crystals of strain nd-1 used in dipel injection. the endotoxin of strain 862 applied orally to sheep at a dose of 10 cm3/kg body weight caused slight changes only to some paraclinical indices, namely: total protein, carotene, etc. exotoxin had none or only sl ... | 1979 | 545851 |
| [using a combined transcription-translation system for determining the role of cryptic plasmids of bacillus thuringiensis]. | the possibility of entomocyde crystal protein synthesis was studied using a heterological cell-free system with bacillus thuringiensis plasmid dna as template. the high level of template activity is usual for bac. thuringiensis plasmid dna. immunochemical studies of the in vitro synthesized polypeptides showed that bac. thuringiensis plasmid dna does not direct crystal protein synthesis. | 1979 | 547175 |
| [pigment-forming mutants of bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1979 | 547696 |
| [plasmids and crystal formation in bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1979 | 547698 |
| biological and immunological properties of crystalline proteins from b. thuringiensis var. galleriae and var. insectus. | the antigenic and toxic properties of the crystalline proteins from two varieties of b. thuringiensis (var. galleriae and var. insectus) were studied. methods of double diffusion in agar and two-dimensional disc immunoelectrophoresis revealed four antigens in the crystalline protein from var. galleriae and three in that from var. insectus. a definite correlation was found between the toxicity of the crystalline protein and its capacity to interact with antiserum in a precipitation reaction in ag ... | 1979 | 549674 |
| cytotoxic activity of the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis var thuringiensis (berliner) on fibrosarcoma in swiss mice. | | 1979 | 549845 |
| [electron microscopic study of the cells of variants of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae forming colonies with altered morphology]. | colonial-morphological variants of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae were studied by electron microscopy. the s variant was found to be asporogenous, whereas the r variant produced mature spores. morphological modifications in the cell were followed in the course of sporulation. spores were shown to have thin filamentous and tubular protrusions which had not been so far described in crystalliferous bacteria. preparations from colonies of the r variant contained peculiar structures which rese ... | 1977 | 600105 |
| [antibacterial properties of aflatoxin b1: cytotoxic effects on bacilus thuringiensis (berliner)]. | in a sensitive strain of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner), aflatoxin b1 inhibited growth with a dose above 5.0 microgram/ml. with subinhibitory levels (0.5 - 5.0 microgram/ml) physiological damage (decreased growth rate) and cellular alteration (filamentous cells) were noted. with these doses the mycotoxin disturbs various metabolisms : dna synthesis (gradual blockage of the specific bacteriophage multiplication and dispersion of nuclear apparatus in giant cells); protein synthesis (decrease of ... | 1977 | 613933 |
| [physico-chemical properties of several phages of bacillus thuringiensis]. | a study was made of biological and physico-chemical properties of phages of bac. thuringiensis as well as of a number of parameters of nucleic acids isolated from these phages. the phages contain double-stranded dna. molecular weights of dna from three phages--tg9, tg10 and tg13 have been determined by two independent methods: by measuring the contour length of dna, from the sedimentation constant and for dna of phage tg10 also by endonuclease ecri hydrolysis. these methods gave similar results. ... | 1977 | 618332 |
| toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis spores to the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. | toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis spores to the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta, is described. the numbers of larvae killed were in relation to spore dry weight. at a surface application of 6.8 ng/cm2, there was an 85 percent survival, but less than 50 percent survived at 68.2 ng/cm2. striking similarity of spores to parasporal crystals is revealed by slope of mortality curves, inhibition of stadial growth, and 50 percent lethal dose values based on protein content. | 1978 | 623457 |
| [comparative characteristics of spore-forming and asporogenic strains of bacillus thuringiensis]. | comparative characteristics of sporogenous and asporogenous bacillus thuringiensis strains is carried out. asporogenous strains are found to differ from wild type strains in a number of criteria, including colony morphology, character of growth on rich and poor media and uv-sensitivity. sporogenous strains form r colonies, they are more stable and more rare produce variants forming s colonies. s colonies are typical for asporogenous mutants, and under the cultivation in unfavourable conditions ( ... | 1978 | 640382 |
| degradation by eco r1 endonuclease of dna isolated from phages infecting bacillus licheniformis and bacillus thuringiensis. | dna was isolated from lytic phages of two strains, bacillus licheniformis, a producer of bacitracin, and bacillus thuringiensis forming protein paracrystals with pronounced insecticidal effects. its sensitivity to eco r1 restriction endonuclease was determined. it was the aim of the work to find out whether these phages could serve as vectors in the transfer and possible amplification of genes of the two important industrial species of bacilli. approximate values of the molecular weight of dna o ... | 1978 | 648976 |
| the heat-stable exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1978 | 648977 |
| inactivation of bacillus thuringiensis spores by ultraviolet and visible light. | the inactivation of bacillus thuringiensis spores and spores treated with two protectants, one proteinaceous and the other a commercial product, shade, at wavelengths of the near-ultraviolet and visible spectra and at 254 nm is described. determination of the inactivating wavelengths may be used to establish an efficient sunlight protective system for b. thuringiensis when used as a microbial insecticide. | 1978 | 655707 |
| [proteolytic enzymes bound to bac. thuringiensis crystals]. | it was demonstrated that crystals of entomopathogenic protein from bac. thuringiensis contain admixture of proteinase either adhered to their surface on inconponated into crystal lattice defects. a proteolytic action, particularly when enhanced by crystal dissolution, causes progressive degradation of crystal proteins with molecular weights of 140 000--129 000 down to the components with smaller molecular weights. this may, at least, partially account for the contradictions in the literature dat ... | 1978 | 656507 |
| bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin: evidence that toxin acts at the surface of susceptible cells. | enzymically activated delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis covalently bound to sephadex beads, has the same effect on insect cells in tissue culture as free toxin. the effect is prevented by antitoxin antibody and heat denaturation and is not due to a nonspecific protein effect, the beads, or toxin released from the beads. the toxin, therefore, probably acts at the cell surface. | 1978 | 658294 |
| studies on the mechanism of tetracycline resistance in mutants of bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1978 | 667166 |
| [hygienic standardization of dendrobacillin in the air of industrial enterprises and in the atmosphere]. | | 1978 | 669319 |
| [comparative phage sensitivity of r- and s-strains of bacillus thuringiensis]. | | 1978 | 672690 |
| transduction in bacillus thuringiensis. | bacteriophage cp-51, originally reported as a generalized transducing phage for bacillus cereus and b. anthracis, has been shown to carry out generalized transduction in several strains of b. thuringiensis. a newly isolated phage, cp-54, which has a broader host range than cp-51, also mediates generalized transduction in b. thuringiensis. cp-51 and cp-54 are similar in size and morphology and are related serologically, but they are not identical. cp-54 is more cold labile than cp-51, and, as wit ... | 1978 | 677877 |
| occurrence of two serologically distinct groups within bacillus thuringiensis serotype 3 ab var. kurstaki. | | 1978 | 681772 |
| an image reversal process for electron microscope film. | an improved technique has been developed to produce a positive image directly on some standard electron microscope films (kodak 4489, so 163, and ilford electron microscope film). this technique has been useful for processing micrographs of freeze-etched and shadowed specimens, and eliminates the need for producing positive image transparencies before printing. | 1978 | 682183 |
| partial characterization of a cubic bacillus phage. | partial characterization of a cubic bacillus phage. can. j. microbiol. 24: 986--993. phage bam35 is an icosahedron of about 63 nm in diameter. it has a double capsid with spikes at the vertices, and a tail which seems to appear upon nucleic acid ejection. the phage contains dna and, probably, lipids which seem to be located in the inner coat. the phage is bacillus-specific, uv- and lipase-resistant, and sensitive to heat, chloroform, and ether. the latent period is 50 min and the burst size is 3 ... | 1978 | 688106 |
| isolation of bacillus thuringiensis for microbiological control of insects. | eleven of 180 local isolates, belonging to bacillus thuringiensis, were tested for their pathogenicity to pinkbollworm larvae (pectinophora gossypiella). three strains, namely rs-25, rs-35, and rs-45, showed a positive insecticidal activity. their activities based on the crystalline inclusion bodies. the ld50 (hours) for larvae was 8, 12, and 6 hours, respectively. | 1978 | 696044 |
| purification of the protein crystal from bacillus thuringiensis by zonal gradient centrifugation. | a method is described for the large-scale purification of the bacillus thuringiensis protein crystal by zonal gradient centrifugation. nabr gradients are employed in a beckman j21-b centrifuge equipped with a jcf-z rotor. | 1978 | 708033 |
| [isolation and identification of bacillus thuringiensis from environmental objects]. | | 1978 | 710921 |
| possible origin and function of the parasporal crystal in bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1978 | 718701 |
| metaphase arrest in the bone marrow cells of rattus norvegicus by the beta-exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | the beta-exotoxin, thuringiensin a, from bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis has been found to be c-mitotic in the bone marrow cells of rattus norvegicus. this exotoxin therefore appears to be a potential tool for metaphase arrest in karyological studies. the delta-endotoxin protein has no similar activity. | 1978 | 754420 |
| interaction of bacillus thuringiensis and nuclear polyhedrosis virus in spodoptera exigua. | | 1975 | 773648 |
| coding capacity of the transcript products synthesized in vitro by the rna polymerases from bacillus thuringiensis. | | 1976 | 779781 |
| translation of a stable mrna fraction from sporulating cells of bacillus thuringiensis in a cell-free system from escherichia coli. structural homologies between the native crystal protein and the products synthesized in vitro. | stable messenger rnas from sporulating cells of bacillus thuringiensis were translated in vitro in cell free system from e. coli. the mrna fraction used was extracted from cells treated at t4 of sporulation time with rifampicin for 10 minutes at 30degreesc. this stable-mrna enriched fraction directed the synthesis of polypeptides showing a size distribution up to 40,000 daltons. structural homologies between the in vitro products labeled with [3h]-valine and the native crystal protein labeled wi ... | 1976 | 782551 |
| [bacillus thuringiensis berliner mutants resistant to various antibiotics and showing alterations of sporulation]. | mutants resistant to oxytetracyclin, erythromycin and neomycin but not to streptomycin, often shown, in the absence of antibiotic, alterations in sporulation: slight or pronounced temperature-sensitive character between 30 and 37 degrees c, slight thermoresistance of refractive spores formed at 30 degrees c, oligosporogenic character at 30 degrees c. | 1975 | 806389 |
| an insect toxin from spores of bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus cereus. | spores of bacillus thuringiensis contain a toxin active against lepidopterous larvae. this toxin can be solubilized by extraction with reagents which dissolve the protein crystal of b thuringiensis. it is inactivated by crystal-specific antiserum. spores of bacillus cereus contain a similar toxin although the specific activity is much lower than the spores of b. thuringiensis. the b. cereus toxin contains a single major polypeptidecomponent. toxic activity can be solubliized from spores of both ... | 1975 | 806656 |