| the effect of varying sea salt concentration in the growth medium on the chemical composition of a purified membrane fraction from planococcus citreus migula. | membrane preparations were prepared from cells of planococcus citreus grown in the presence of three final concentrations of sea salt in a basic growth medium. the concentration of salt in the medium affects the amount of membrane in the cell. the three preparations were subjected to chemical analysis and no significant changes in chemical composition were seen as the salt concentration in the medium was increased. values for the various components generally were within normal ranges and were si ... | 1977 | 869517 |
| the membrane lipids of planococcus citreus migula from cells grown in the presence of three different concentrations of sea salt added to a basic medium. | | 1977 | 869518 |
| numerical taxonomy and ecology of oligotrophic bacteria isolated from the estuarine environment. | slow-growing bacteria, isolated on nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited media, from chesapeake bay water and sediment samples, were examined for 119 biochemical, cultural, morphological, nutritional, and physiological characters. those bacteria which grow on low nutrient media, termed oligotrophs, a total of 162 strains, were subjected to taxonomic analysis, as a preliminary step in determining their ecological significance. the data for all strains included in the study were examined by computer ... | 1977 | 871972 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the genera planococcus, marinococcus and sporosarcina and their relationships to members of the genus bacillus. | a phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna was performed on the genera planococcus, marinococcus, sporosarcina and endospore-forming rods. in agreement with earlier 16s rrna cataloguing data, planococcus citreus and sporosarcina ureae clustered with bacillus pasteurii and other bacilli containing lysine in their cell walls. sporosarcina halophila was shown to be genetically distinct from s. ureae and formed a loose association with the main bacillus subtilis grouping. marinococcus halophilus (for ... | 1992 | 1505740 |
| 16s ribosomal rna analysis of filibacter limicola indicates a close relationship to the genus bacillus. | the phylogenetic relationship of the gram-negative, filamentous gliding bacterium filibacter limicola was analysed by 16s rrna oligonucleotide cataloguing. in contrast to the proposed membership of this asporogenous species in the flexibacteriaceae, filibacter limicola clusters phylogenetically with the gram-positive eubacteria bacillus pasteurii, sporosarcina ureae and the asporogenous species planococcus citreus. the genetic relationship is supported by several common phenotypic properties. | 1985 | 2415672 |
| comparative 16s rrna oligonucleotide analyses and murein types of round-spore-forming bacilli and non-spore-forming relatives. | the phylogenetic incoherency of the genus bacillus as presently described is demonstrated by analysis of both published and new data from comparative 16s rrna cataloguing of nine bacillus species and a number of related non-bacillus taxa, i.e. caryophanon latum, filibacter limicola and planococcus citreus. while the ellipsoidal-spore-forming bacilli, e.g. b. subtilis and allied species, formed a coherent cluster, the round-spore-forming bacilli showed a higher degree of relationship to the non-s ... | 1987 | 2452227 |
| nucleotide sequences of 5s ribosomal rnas of planococcus citreus, planococcus kocurii and sporosarcina ureae. | | 1988 | 3194204 |
| variation in pigment production by planococcus citreus migula with cultural age and with sea salt concentration in the medium. | the biosynthesis of carotenoids and the type of carotenoids produced by planococcus citreus migula appear to be influenced by the concentration of sea salt in the medium and by the age of culture. quantitatively, pigmentation peaks at a time corresponding to the presence of maximum cell numbers and then undergoes a rapid decline. | 1980 | 7396481 |
| comparison of antibacterial activity in the hemocytes of different crustacean species. | antibacterial activity in hemocytes of the squat lobster, galathea strigosa, the norway lobster, nephrops norvegicus, the common shrimp, crangon crangon, and the giant antarctic isopod, glyptonotus antarcticus, was investigated in vitro. for all species, the marine bacterium, psychrobacter immobilis, was used as the test organism, although with g. antarcticus, the gram positive bacteria, planococcus citreus and bs 68 (an isolate from antarctic waters), were also used. hemocyte lysate supernatant ... | 1995 | 7866773 |
| styelins, broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides from the solitary tunicate, styela clava. | two novel phenylalanine-rich antimicrobial peptides, styelin a and styelin b, were purified from the hemocytes of styela clava. the peptides had very similar masses (styelin a, 3685.8; styelin b, 3700.6) and amino acid compositions, and at least 17 of their first 20 n-terminal residues were identical. both styelins were effective against a panel of gram negative and gram positive bacterial pathogens of humans, usually acting with minimal inhibitory concentrations < 1.5 microgram/ml (< 0.5 microm ... | 1997 | 9467865 |
| the enzymatic activity of phosphoglycerate mutase from gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria requires mn2+ and is ph sensitive. | the enzymatic activity of phosphoglycerate mutase (pgm) from three gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria (bacillus subtilis, clostridium perfringens, and sporosarcina ureae) requires mn2+ and is very sensitive to ph; at low concentrations of mn2+, a ph change from 8 to 6 resulted in greater than 30- to 200-fold decreases in the activity of these pgms. however, pgm deactivation at ph 6 was reversed by shifting the enzyme to ph 7 or 8. free mn2+ was not directly involved in pgm catalysis, altho ... | 1998 | 9830105 |
| a novel antimicrobial function for a ribosomal peptide from rainbow trout skin. | an antimicrobial peptide was purified from skin secretions and epithelial cells of rainbow trout by cation exchange and reversed phase chromatography. partial n-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified peptide revealed 100% identity with the first 11 residues of a 40s ribosomal peptide from medaka fish. its molecular mass, determined by matrix-associated laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry, was found to be 6676.6da. these results indicate that this antimicrobial peptide is likely t ... | 2002 | 12147245 |
| planococcus rifietensis sp. nov, isolated from algal mat collected from a sulfurous spring in campania (italy). | the taxomony of strain m8, isolated from algal mat formed at the origin of a sulfurous spring in rifieto (savignano irpino, campania, italy), was investigated in a polyphasic approach. the morphological, physiological and genetic characteristics were compared with of planococcus and planomicrobium species. the isolate grew optimally at ph 9.0, 1.8 m nacl at 37 degrees c. the cells were gram-positive cocci that form pairs, tetrads and aggregates of several cells. the isolate was aerobic/microaero ... | 2003 | 14529178 |
| planococcus maritimus sp. nov., isolated from sea water of a tidal flat in korea. | two gram-positive, motile cocci, strains tf-9(t) and tf-16, were isolated from sea water of a tidal flat in korea. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rdna sequences showed that the strains fall within the radiation of the cluster comprising planococcus citreus and planococcus kocurii, and this cluster joined the clade comprising planomicrobium species and planococcus alkanoclasticus and planococcus psychrophilus with a high bootstrap resampling value. strains tf-9(t) and tf-16 contained mk-8, mk ... | 2003 | 14657138 |
| psychrophilic planococcus maitriensis sp.nov. from antarctica. | an orange pigmented bacterium, s1, was isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample collected in the vicinity of schirmacher oasis, maitri, the indian station, in antarctica. the bacterium is gram-positive and possesses all the characteristics of the genus planococcus. it is non-sporulating, motile and has a4alpha type peptidoglycan, mk-7 and mk-8 as the major menaquinones and anteiso-c(15:0) as the major fatty acid. based on the phylogenetic characteristics, the bacterium s1 is identified as a clo ... | 2003 | 14666977 |
| partial purification of antibacterial proteinaceous factors from erythrocytes of oncorhynchus mykiss. | antimicrobial peptides are natural antibiotics known to be present in both myeloid cells and epithelial surfaces of vertebrates. nevertheless, the reports of antimicrobial peptides isolated from blood cells of teleosts are scarce. in this paper we show that acid-soluble erythrocyte extracts from rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, display antibacterial activity against planococcus citreus on a radial diffusion assay. following tc18 solid phase extraction, cationic exchange chromatography and c18 ... | 2004 | 14675829 |
| two novel muramidases from skin mucosa of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | two novel antibacterial muramidases were purified to homogeneity from skin exudates of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). unusually, one has an acidic isoelectric point and it is the first anionic muramidase to be reported for fish. its molecular mass is 14,268 da, as determined by mass spectrometry. the other muramidase is cationic with a mass of 14,252 da. partial n-terminal amino acid sequencing and peptide mapping strongly point to it being a c-type lysozyme, the first to be purified and c ... | 2004 | 15142536 |
| apolipoproteins a-i and a-ii are potentially important effectors of innate immunity in the teleost fish cyprinus carpio. | we have previously shown that high density lipoprotein is the most abundant protein in the carp plasma and displays bactericidal activity in vitro. therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of its principal apolipoproteins, apoa-i and apoa-ii, in defense. both apolipoproteins were isolated by a two step procedure involving affinity and gel filtration chromatography and were shown to display bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic activity in the micromolar range against gram-pos ... | 2004 | 15233794 |
| planococcus columbae sp. nov., isolated from pigeon faeces. | an orange-pigmented, gram-positive bacterial strain, designated pgex11(t), was isolated from pigeon faeces. analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence of the isolate indicated that it had 94.2-98.2 % sequence identity with respect to those of seven recognized species of the genus planococcus. the strain pgex11(t) contained anteiso-c(15 : 0) as a major cellular fatty acid and mk-7 and mk-8 as the major menaquinones. the dna g+c content of strain pgex11(t) was 50.5 mol%. furthermore, analysis of the 1 ... | 2007 | 17551041 |
| crustin expression following bacterial injection and temperature change in the shore crab, carcinus maenas. | the expression of carcinin, a crustin-type antimicrobial protein, in the crab, carcinus maenas, was studied following in vivo challenge with planococcus citreus, a gram-positive bacterium known to be killed by the encoded protein. real-time pcr analyses reveal that injection of p. citreus failed to elicit any significant changes in expression at 0-24h post-injection although there was a small, but significant, down-regulation at 84h in crabs held at 15 degrees c but not those at 5 or 20 degrees ... | 2008 | 18343497 |
| bioremediation of cr(vi) and immobilization as cr(iii) by ochrobactrum anthropi. | bioremediation of cr(vi) through reduction relies on the notion that the produced cr(iii) may be precipitated or efficiently immobilized. however, recent reports suggest that soluble organo-cr(iii) complexes are present in various chromate-reducing bacterial systems. this work was designed to explore the factors that affect the immobilization of cr(iii) in the ochrobactrum anthropi system. x-ray absorption fine structure analysis on the cell debris clearly verified that coordination of cr(iii) o ... | 2010 | 20608725 |
| planococcus plakortidis sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge plakortis simplex (schulze) collected in the bay of bengal. | summarya novel coccoid-shaped strain, as/asp6 (ii)(t) was isolated from a sample taken from plakortis simplex (schulze), a marine sponge, collected at a depth of 30 m from the bay of bengal. this strain was identified by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. the results of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, showed that strain as/asp6 (ii)(t) should be assigned to the genus planococcus. chemotaxonomical data (a4 -type peptidoglycan; mk-6, mk-7 and mk-8 menaquinones; mainly branched cellular fatty ... | 2011 | 21642486 |
| molecular diversity and multifarious plant growth promoting attributes of bacilli associated with wheat (triticum aestivum l.) rhizosphere from six diverse agro-ecological zones of india. | the diversity of culturable bacilli was investigated in six wheat cultivating agro-ecological zones of india viz: northern hills, north western plains, north eastern plains, central, peninsular, and southern hills. these agro-ecological regions are based on the climatic conditions such as ph, salinity, drought, and temperature. a total of 395 bacilli were isolated by heat enrichment and different growth media. amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis using three restriction enzymes alui, msp ... | 2016 | 26567901 |
| isolation and characterization of a c-type lysozyme from the nurse shark. | lysozyme is a ubiquitous antibacterial enzyme that occurs in numerous invertebrate and vertebrate species. three forms have been described c-type, g-type and i-type which differ in primary structure. shark lysozyme has not been characterized; here we report on the isolation and characterization of lysozyme from unstimulated shark (ginglymostoma cirratum) leukocytes and provide amino acid sequence data across the highly conserved active site of the molecule identifying it to be a c-type lysozyme. ... | 2013 | 24084042 |
| a novel beta-defensin antimicrobial peptide in atlantic cod with stimulatory effect on phagocytic activity. | a novel defensin antimicrobial peptide gene was identified in atlantic cod, gadus morhua. this three exon/two intron defensin gene codes for a peptide precursor consisting of two domains: a signal peptide of 26 amino acids and a mature peptide of 40 residues. the mature cod defensin has six conserved cysteine residues that form 1-5, 2-4 and 3-6 disulphide bridges. this pattern is typical of beta-defensins and this gene was therefore named cod beta-defensin (defb). the tertiary structure of defb ... | 2013 | 23638029 |
| assays optimized for detection and quantification of antibacterial activity in shark cell lysates under high salt conditions. | to assess non-cellular innate immune mechanisms that play a role in the antimicrobial defense of an organism several assay systems have been devised to screen for such factors. most assays, however, have been developed to measure activity against clinical isolates of medical importance. there is scant information on methods optimal for assaying material from sharks and other marine fish for antimicrobial activity particularly against salt tolerant organisms that are likely to be encountered in t ... | 2013 | 23403160 |