| ph changes on the surface of burns. | | 1975 | 112 |
| relationship between serum antibiotic concentration and inhibiting potency of the serum. application to ampicillin and amoxicillin. | | 1975 | 654 |
| comparative study of virological infections in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children. | the author shows complex analyses: clinical, laboratory, x-rays, bronchoscopical, bronchographical and measuring lung function tests as well as the serological examinations in blood serum of both groups of asthmatic and nonasthmatic children with virological infection. the calculation of statistically significant differences between the various diagnostical results of both groups has confirmed that in asthmatic children virological infection of the respiratory tract, pathological findings in x-r ... | 1975 | 884 |
| acute otitis media. a clinical bacteriological and serological study of children with frequent episodes of acute otitis media. | a series of episodes of acute otitis media was studied with reference to bacterial findings and specific serological responses in 48 children with histories of frequent episodes before. d. pneumoniae and h. influenzae were the most frequently isolated pathogens. re-isolations after therapy were often made in episodes with slow healing or therapeutic failure. most children harboured pathogens in nasopharynx even when they had no signs of respiratory tract infections. homologous relapses were seen ... | 1975 | 885 |
| isolation of streptococcal nuclease b by batch adsorption. | a method has been developed for the preparation of streptococcal nuclease b by batch adsorpton to diethylaminoethyl-cellulose. the enzyme is homogeneous with respect to nuclease activity and is suitable for use as an antigen in measurement of anti-deoxyribonuclease b levels in sera. | 1975 | 1418 |
| effects in the rat of intradermal injection of purified proteinases from streptococcus and serratia marcescens. | purified streptococcal proteinase and serratia proteinase are potent permeability factors in rat skin and initiate histopathological evidence of an acute inflammatory response. these effects appear to be largely independent of terminal components of complement, histamine, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. | 1975 | 1798 |
| microbiological study of gentamiycin. | gentamycin prepared at the all-union research institute of antibiotics did not differ by its antibacterial spectrum and the activity level from gentamycin samples from other countries. by its activity against clinical strains of ps. aeruginosa gentamycin was somewhat inferior than polymyxin but much more superior than carbenicillin. an agar-diffusion method using bac. pumilus ntcc 8241 as the test microbe was developed for determination of gentamycin activity. the gentamycin sulfate complex and ... | 1975 | 2095 |
| stability of fluorescent antibody conjugates stored under various conditions. | two experiments were carried out to determine the stability of fluorescent antibody conjugates. in experiment 1, francisella tularemia conjugates in the lyophilized state retained their original staining titer for 1,294 days when stored at 25, 4 to 5, and -20 c; at 37 c the conjugates were stable for at least 65 days. in the liquid state at ph 7.4 and 8.0 these conjugates were stable for 1,294 days at 4 to 5 and -20 c, whereas those stored at 25 c remained stable through days 473 and 160 of stor ... | 1976 | 3516 |
| the role of some microorganisms in the pathogenesis of non-specific bronchopulmonary infections. | | 1976 | 3770 |
| bactericidal activity and pharmacology of flucloxacillin. | flucloxacillin, a recent addition to the group of isoxazolyl penicillins, was studied in vitro and in normal volunteers. the bactericidal activity of the drug against most strains of gram-positive bacteria including penicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was similar to that of oxacillin and approximately fourfold greater than that of cloxacillin. each of the three penicillins was administered orally to a group of ten volunteers for eight days in a dose of 500 mg four times a day. the mean co ... | 1976 | 3969 |
| in vitro susceptibility studies with josamycin and erythromycin. | the in vitro activity of josamycin and erythromycin against five bacterial species was compared. in general, erythromycin was slightly more active by weight than josamycin, although both agents had a similar range of activity. | 1976 | 4012 |
| comparison of cepharadine and cephalexin in the treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections. | | 1976 | 4284 |
| defective synthesis of lipid intermediates for peptidoglycan formation in a stabilized l-form of streptococcus pyogenes. | membrane preparations obtained from a stabilized l-form of streptococcus pyogenes are incapable of synthesizing peptidoglycan from uridine-5'-diphospho-n-acetyl-d-muramyl-l-ala-d-iso-glu-l-lys-d-ala-d-ala and uridine-5'-diphospho-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine, in contrast with similar preparations from the parental streptococcus. furthermore, 50-fold higher levels of lipid intermediates which serve as membrane-bound substrates for peptidoglycan synthesis are synthesized in reaction mixtures containing ... | 1976 | 4426 |
| bacteriological studies on cefatrizine (s-640 p) (author's transl). | | 1976 | 4635 |
| microorganisms in chronic otitis media with effusion. | a total of 175 effusions obtained from 172 patients suffering from chronic otitis media with effusions was examined for bacterial smear and culture. eighty percent showed positive bacterial smear, but only 49% yielded positive bacterial culture. the mucoid effusions had positive cultures in only 37%, whereas the bacterial culture rate was higher in serous (59%) and leukocytic (64%) types. the isolation of common pathogens accounted for about 50% of the isolates, and nonpathogens accounted for th ... | 1976 | 5041 |
| gentamicin-susceptibility of various pathogens isolated from clinical materials. | we studied on the antibacterial activity of gentamicin against various pathogens isolated from clinical materials mainly isolated during 1974 and 1975, comparing with other antibiotics. beta hemolytic streptococci, pneumococci and enterococci are less susceptible to gentamicin than staphylococci. staph, aureus and staph. epidermidis resistant to various antibiotics are very susceptible to gentamicin, and no resistant strain to this drug was found. haemophilus influenzae, h. parainfluenzae and h. ... | 1976 | 5619 |
| comparative in vitro activity of cephalosporins. | the in vitro activity of cephalexin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, cephapirin, cefoxitin, cephamycin c, cepharadine and cefazolin was determined against 443 isolates of bacteria. at a concentration of 12.5 mug/ml, all of the cephalosporins inhibited more than 60% of the isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. at the same concentration, cephalexin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, cephapirin, cephamycin c and cefazolin inhibited more than 90% of isolates of proteus mirabilis. all of the cephalosporins except ... | 1976 | 6411 |
| quantitative and qualitative determinations of the combined effect of tetracycline and oleandomycin. i. in vitro effect. | growth inhibitory effect of combined treatment of tetracycline (tc) and oleandomycin (om), at a ratio of 2:1, on certain species of pathogenic bacteria including drug-resistant ones was examined. by the crossed paper strip method, synergistic effects were demonstrated against 9 of the 16 strains of staphylococcus aureus, and all of the 5 strains of escherichia coli studied. antagonism was observed with none of the strains and with 2 strains of streptococcus pyogenes and 2 strains of streptococcu ... | 1976 | 6805 |
| otitis media of infancy and early childhood. a double-blind study of four treatment regimens. | a double-blind, randomized trial of four antimicrobial regimens was conducted in 383 infants and children with acute otitis media. the drugs used were penicillin v, amoxicillin trihydrate, erythromycin estolate, and erythromycin estolate with trisulfapyrimidines. aspiration of middle ear fluid for culture was done before treatment and repeated during treatment if fluid persisted. etiologic bacteria were most commonly pneumococci (31%) or haemophilus sp (22%), and an additional 5% of patients had ... | 1976 | 8980 |
| purification and properties of streptococcal hyaluronate lyase. | hyaluronate lyase (hyaluronidase) has been purified and characterized from a group a type 4 streptococcus. production of the enzyme was favored by growth in trypsinized veal infusion in the presence of hyaluronate oligosaccharide and tetrasaccharide. detectable enzymatic activity was diminished in the presence of n-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid. purification of hyaluronate lyase consisted of 40 to 60% ammonium sulfate precipitation, diethylaminoethyl a-50 sephadex ion-exchange chromatogr ... | 1976 | 9365 |
| effect of capsular polysaccharide of klebsiella pneumoniae on host resistance to bacterial infections. i. induction of increased susceptibility to infections in mice. | when klebsiella pneumoniae capsular polysaccharide (cps-k) from type 1, kasuya strain, was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) immediately before i.p. bacterial challenge, the survival time of mice infected with salmonella enteritidis nub 1 (virulent strain) was shortened and the mortality rate for mice infected with s. enteritidis nub 31 (avirulent strain) was enhanced. the promotion of infection with s. enteritidis nub 1 by cps-k depended upon its dose, the effect of cps-k being demonstrable up ... | 1976 | 9528 |
| streptococcal sore throat in general practice--a controlled study. | a controlled study was undertaken to determine the incidence of group a haemolytic streptococci and other bacterial pathogens in throat swabs from patients presenting with sore throats. the isolation rate (38-8%) of group a haemolytic streptococci from patients with acute tonsillitis was significantly higher than the isolation rate (8-9%) in a control group, but there was no significant difference in the isolation rates in patients diagnosed as having acute pharyngitis compared with the control ... | 1976 | 10509 |
| susceptibility of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes and diplococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics. comparison of patterns in poland and federal republic of germany. | one hundred and eighty five strains of gram-positive cocci were tested for susceptibility to 16 antibiotics, including some newer drugs, by agar dilution technique. of these, 100 strains (50 each isolated in poland and germany) were staphylococcus aureus, 55 streptococcus pyogenes, and 30 diplococcus pneumoniae. previous investigations of streptococci and pneumococci isolated in poland and federal republic of grmany, revealed no differences in antibiotic-susceptibility patterns in both countries ... | 1976 | 10702 |
| tetracycline resistance in pneumococci and group a streptococci. report of an ad-hoc study group on antibiotic resistance. | in a nationwide survey in the spring of 1975 into the prevalence of tetracycline resistance among pneumoccoci and group a streptococci isolates, 21 laboratories reported the sensitivity of isolates and details of the patients. altogether 13% of the 1528 pneumococci isolated were resistant to tetracycline, but there were wide geographical variations. thirty-six per cent of the 1515 streptococci isolated were resistant, and again there was considerable geographical variation. a high level of resis ... | 1977 | 12851 |
| antimicrobial activity of tibezonium (tbz). | the activity in vitro of tibezonium (rec 15-0691), a new 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative, has been investigated. the drug was found active especially against streptococcus, diplococcus and corynebacterium strains which are agents of oropharyngeal diseases. the activity of tibezonium was ph dependent against staphylococcus aureus sg 511 and streptococcus pyogenes 821 (at ph 8.0-8.5 it was more active) and the presence of horse serum provoked a small decrease of the antimicrobial properties. no inte ... | 1977 | 12928 |
| resistance mechanism of chloramphenicol in streptococcus haemolyticus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus faecalis. | the chloramphenicol resistance of streptococcus haemolyticus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus faecalis isolated from clinical materials was proved to be due to an inactivating enzyme produced by these bacteria. the inactivated products of chloramphenicol were identified as 1-acetoxy, 3-acetoxy and 1,3-diacetoxy derivatives by thin-layer chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. the responsible enzyme was thus confirmed to be chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. the enzyme was inducible. ... | 1977 | 16197 |
| in vitro examination on antibacterial activity of ciclacillin (acpc) against clinically isolated strains (author's transl). | (1) the antibacterial acivity of ciclacillin (acpc) with inoculum size of 10(6) cells/ml was four times less potent than that of ampicillin (abpc) and 4 approximately 8 times less potent than that of ampc, but was 4 approximately 8 times more potent than that of cex against streptococcus pyogenes. for streptococcus pneumoniae, acpc was 2 approximately 4 times less active than abpc and ampc, but 16 approximately 32 times more active than cex. staphylococcus aureus was 4 approximately 8 times less ... | 1977 | 17021 |
| necrotizing arteritis in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis: report of a recovered case. | a patient with biopsy documented acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis and arteritis recovered completely with supportive therapy. illness was preceded by group a streptococcal pharyngitis. at the time of presentation, serum creatinine concentration was 11.5 mg/dl. serum cryoglobulins containing igg and c3 were present. the first biopsy, performed during the acute illness, contained glomeruli with typical features of acute psgn. medium-sized arteries had extensive necrosis and leukocytic in ... | 1977 | 17662 |
| polyarteritis nodosa in older children. | polyarteritis in the older child is thought to be a rare disease. this study describes 11 children, 3 to 12 years of age, with polyarteritis seen over a five-year period. fever, abdominal pain, hypertension, and leukocytosis were found in almost all. renal disease occurred in eight. examination of muscle, gut, or kidney tissue was an effective means of diagnosis. the pathological changes were the same as those seen in adults. there seemed to be an association between polyarteritis and group a st ... | 1977 | 18701 |
| general principles of antimicrobial therapy. | in the initial therapy of life-threatening infections in which a bacterial cause is suspected, the emphasis should be on broad antibiotic coverage in contrast to definitive therapy, which is dependent on microbial isolation and, when indicated, in vitro susceptibility tests. in severe infections, antimicrobial agents should be given parenterally, at least initially. the need for optimal dosage is emphasized. this is particularly important when aminoglycosides are administered, for there is a ten ... | 1977 | 20538 |
| secretion of lipids induced by inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis in streptococci. | inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis causes an immediate and massive secretion of both newly synthesized and "old" lipids from several species of bacteria, including streptococci, staphylococcus epidermidis, and bacillus subtilis. lipid secretion occurs in the absence of detectable bacterial lysis. this novel phenomenon was examined in more detail in three strains of streptococci: s. sanguis (group h), s. pyogenes (group a), and s. pneumoniae. the secretion of lipids is specifically induced by ... | 1977 | 21168 |
| clinical results with amoxicillin tablets in pediatrics (author's transl). | | 1977 | 23445 |
| do bacteria mutate to erythromycin resistance? | | 1977 | 23582 |
| changing ecology of acute bacterial empyema: occurrence and mortality at boston city hospital during 12 selected years from 1935 to 1972. | the occurrence, etiology, and demography of acute bacterial empyema are presented to reflect the widespread use of sulfonamides, penicillin, and other active antibiotics. in community-acquired (c-a) cases streptococcus pneumoniae, hemolytic streptococci, and staphylococcus aureus were the most frequent single organisms identified in initial positive cultures of pleural fluid during 1935. s. pneumoniae declined steadily until 1953 but continued to occur frequently in c-a cases. hemolytic streptoc ... | 1978 | 24669 |
| streptococcal infections and their sequelae. | | 1978 | 25247 |
| biological characteristics of peptidoglycans of group a streptococcus and some other bacterial species. i. tolerance and effect of antibody in fever response, and heart damaging effect in rabbits. | induced tolerance to the pyrogenic action of group a streptococcus peptidoglycan decreased after one week and was no longer detectable after the second week. however, one or two further doses of peptidoglycan rapidly restored the tolerance. the passive transfer of plasma from rabbits tolerant to streptococcus peptidoglycan to nontolerant animals failed to transfer tolerance. antiserum to streptococcus peptidoglycan neutralized the pyrogenic effect of not only streptococcus but also staphylococcu ... | 1977 | 25304 |
| purification and characterization of a hyaluronidase associated with a temperate bacteriophage of group a, type 49 streptococci. | urea treatment of a temperate bacteriophage from a type 49 strain of group a streptococcus (streptococcus pyogenes) followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography of solubilized proteins provided for the recovery (12%) and purification (44-fold) of the phage-associated hyaluronidase. the molecular weight of the homogeneous, purified enzyme was estimated to be 71,000 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate) and 75,000 ... | 1978 | 25884 |
| interpatient microbiological cross-contamination after dental radiographic examination. | pairs of patients were evaluated for microbiological cross-contamination after radiographic examination. in 30 of these pairs of patients there was the possibility of transference of s pyogenes, s aureus, or d pneumoniae. such transference was observed in 23 (77%) of these 30 pairs of patients. the vectors for such transfer include the hands of the x-ray technician and the radiographic equipment. further, it was found that each of these organisms would survive for at least 48 hours after being p ... | 1978 | 25909 |
| bacterial etiology of otitis media during the first six weeks of life. | tympanocentesis was performed on 70 infants who had otitis media during the first six weeks of life. the bacteria isolated from their middle-ear effusions were streptococcus pneumoniae (13 patients), neisseria catarrhalis (11 patients), hemophilus influenzae (ten patients), enterobacteriaceae (four patients), staphylococcus aureus (four patients), streptococci (groups a and b) (three patients), and pseudomonas aeruginosa (two patients). thirty patients (42.9%) had middle-ear effusions which did ... | 1978 | 26735 |
| susceptibility of skin and throat strains of group a streptococci to rosamicin and erythromycin. | the minimal inhibitory concentrations of rosamicin and erythromycin were compared for 210 strains of group a streptococcus isolated from a diverse spectrum of streptococcal diseases. of these strains, 97.6% were inhibited by 0.1 to 0.2 mug of rosamicin per ml, whereas 90.9% were inhibited by 0.025 to 0.05 mug of erythromycin per ml. the minimal inhibitory concentration of rosamicin for 154 strains exceeded that of erythromycin by at least fourfold. five group a strains of streptococcus that were ... | 1978 | 27141 |
| immuno-stimulation by a ribosomal vaccine associated with a bacterial cell wall adjuvant in humans. | we have studied a new vaccine of ribosomal nature associated with glycoprotein cell walls from klebsiella pneumoniae which served as an immunoadjuvant. thus vaccine was administered by the aerosol route to working men free of any important disease, especially of respiratory disease. a total of 104 men working for the commissariat à l'energie atomique, all volunteers, were randomly placed into two groups. during the first period, 51 patients (group i) were vaccinated three times a week during 5 w ... | 1978 | 27461 |
| streptococcin a-ff22: nisin-like antibiotic substance produced by a group a streptococcus. | streptococcin a-ff22 (sa) was shown to occur as both a cell-associated (sa-ca) and an extracellular (sa-ex) component of cultures of the producer bacterium, group a streptococcus strain ff22. sa-ca was solubilized by chemical, enzymatic, and mechanical procedures, similar to those used to release m protein. the independence of sa and m protein in strain ff22 was established by chromatographic separation of the two proteins on the basis of molecular weight and isoelectric point differences betwee ... | 1978 | 28692 |
| bacteriologic flora of aspiration-induced pulmonary infections. | the role of anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms in the genesis of pneumonia or lung abscess in patients with historical, clinical, and radiologic findings suggestive of aspiration was compared to their role in similar patients without these findings. bacterial specimens were obtained by transtracheal aspiration or thoracentesis. anaerobes were isolated in 100% of the patients who were aspiration-prone as contrasted with only 20% of those who were not. isolation of a single species or no growth ... | 1975 | 28705 |
| trends in bacterial virulence and antibiotic susceptibility: streptococci, pneumococci, and gonococci. | antibiotic usage and improved living conditions may have contributed to a dilution of "rheumatogenic" strains of group a streptococci and to their replacement by attenuated streptococci with less rheumatogenic potential. whether this is due to decreased virulence or to loss of specific bacterial antigens or toxins in prevalent strains is not yet known. the pneumococcus, which has been moderately resistant to antibiotics only in isolated cases, has appeared in south africa in strains that are hig ... | 1978 | 31122 |
| composition and differentiation of the genus streptococcus. | | 1978 | 31686 |
| hr 756, the syn isomer of a new methoxyimino cephalosporin with unusual antibacterial activity. | hr 756, the syn derivative of 7-[(2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2-methoxyimino)acetamido]cephalosporanic acid, is a new semisynthetic cephalosporin. it was 80 times more active than the anti derivative against beta-lactamase-producing strains of gram-negative bacteria. the range of inhibitory concentrations of hr 756 against gram-negative bacteria, including haemophilus influenzae, susceptible or resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins was from 0.01 to 0.1 mug/ml. this activity was consistently hi ... | 1978 | 31836 |
| effect of leukocyte hydrolases on bacteria. ix. the release of lipoteichoic acid from group a streptococci and from strep. mutans by leukocyte extracts and by lysozyme: relation to tissue damage in inflammatory sites. | human leukocyte extracts, egg white lysozyme, cationic proteins, polymyxin, colimycin, and phenol are capable of releasing lipoteichoic acids (lta) from group a streptococci and strep. mutans. while the extraction of lta by phenol is optimal at ph 4.7, the release of lta from streptococci by the other agents is optimal at ph 7.4. lta released by all agents was found to have the same sensitizing abilities, as determined by passive hemagglutination, and to have a similar chemical composition, as s ... | 1977 | 33119 |
| in vivo activity of amoxicillin and ampicillin against gram-positive bacteria: results of prophylactic studies. | in prophylactic treatment of intraperitoneal infections with streptococcus pneumoniae (types 1 and 2) and streptococcus pyogenes in mice, amoxicillin had a definite advantage over ampicillin in terms of protective effect. when the infecting agent was given to mice so as to produce an infection in the brain or lung (for example, s. pneumoniae given intracranially or intranasally), amoxicillin was also more effective prophylactically than ampicillin. | 1978 | 33219 |
| [treatment of bronchitis with cefaclor (panoral) (author's transl)]. | 14 patients from the allergy unit of an outpatient clinic suffering from acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and 13 outpatients with acute bronchitis were treated with 250 mg cefaclor (panoral) 3 times daily per os for 5 days. 59% of the organisms isolated from cefaclor-sensitive sputum at the time of prominent clinical symptoms were resistent to tetracycline, 53% of them were resistant to penicillin, and 37% were resistant to ampicillin. 12 out of the 14 patients with acute exacerbation of ... | 1979 | 33333 |
| beta hemolytic streptococcal endocarditis: predominance of non-group a organisms. | identification of beta hemolytic streptococci (bhs) as group a or non-group a on the basis of bacitracin sensitivity rather than lancefield serogrouping may lead to misidentification of the pathogen. in four recent cases of endocarditis due to bhs, the pathogens initially were identified as group a; lancefield serogrouping showed all four to be group g. all four patients presented with a syndrome characteristic of acute bacterial endocarditis. review of all cases of endocarditis at our instituti ... | 1978 | 33554 |
| [differential diagnosis of cerebral syndromes in collagen disease and in subacute sepsis lenta (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 34109 |
| [autolysis of hemolytic streptococcus group a]. | as revealed, autolytic enzymatic system of hemolytic streptococcus, group a, expressed the maximal activity at the end of the exponential growth phase. autolysis was accompanied by the release of n-acetylaminosugars and of free amino group. optimal conditions for the lytic system function were chosen (composition, ionic strength, and buffer ph). the activating action of trypsin and chemotrypsin was demonstrated. | 1978 | 34302 |
| the nasopharyngeal culture in acute otitis media. a reappraisal of its usefulness. | simultaneous cultures of the nasopharynx and middle ear exudate (obtained by tympanocentesis) were obtained from 225 children (mean age, 34 months; median age, 41 months) with suppurative otitis media. a 72% prediction rate for middle ear pathogens was obtained by examining the nasopharyngeal cultures after the strict observance of two essential prerequisites: (1) the nasopharyngeal culture was immediately plated on appropriate solid agar and (2) a semiquantitative method for bacterial enumerati ... | 1979 | 34739 |
| clonal dominance of low-affinity antibodies in rabbit hyperimmune anti-streptococcal group a-variant polysaccharide antisera. | intraveneous hyperimmunization of selectively bred rabbits with streptococcal group a-variant vaccines elicits antibody responses of restricted heterogeneity at high antibody levels. in these antisera, igg with dissociation constants kd = 10(-6) m constitutes 90% and igg with kp = 10(-9) m accounts for only 10% of the group a-variant polysaccharide-specific antibodies. the low affinity antibody fraction represents the dominant clonotypes. preparative isoelectric focusing in granulated (ultrodex ... | 1979 | 35355 |
| etiology and antimicrobial therapy of acute maxillary sinusitis. | eighty-one adults with symptoms of acute sinusitis were studied by direct needle puncture and aspiration of the maxillary sinus (105 sinuses). fifty-nine bacterial strains were isolated in titers of greater than or equal to 10(4) colony-forming units/ml; streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae accounted for 64% of the isolates. other bacteria recovered included anaerobes (12%), neisseria species (8.5%). streptococcus pyogenes (3%), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (3%), non-group a beta ... | 1979 | 35571 |
| factors causing the clumping reaction of streptococcal strains with human plasma. | fresh isolates of 204 strains of streptococcus haemolyticus, 75 strains of viridans group streptococcus, and 45 strains of streptococcus pneumoniae were studied for their clumping reactions with human plasma. the plasma and serum factors that clumped the streptococcal strains were compared with those that clumped a staphylococcus aureus strain. one hundred eleven strains of s. haemolyticus, 10 strains of viridans group streptococcus, and none of the strains of s. pneumoniae tested were clumped b ... | 1979 | 35572 |
| the microbiology of serous and mucoid otitis media. | one hundred forty-four serous and mucoid effusions were cultured for aerobic bacteria, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and virus. thirty percent of all effusions yielded an unequivocally positive culture for aerobic bacteria. although serous effusions were culture positive as often as mucoid effusions, haemophilus influenzae was isolated predominantly from serous effusions and staphylococcus epidermidis predominantly from mucoid samples. only one of 73 effusions yielded a viral isolate (herpesvirus homin ... | 1979 | 36591 |
| intradermal responses to common bacterial antigens: influences of sex and clinical condition. | intradermal responses to antigens of 12 common bacteria were evaluated in 218 dermatologic and 155 respiratory patients. women responded more frequently than men and respiratory patients responded significantly more frequently than dermatologic patients to certain antigens. interpretation of interspecies associations of responses suggested that certain organisms may be key species in the development of bacterial hypersensitivity. | 1979 | 37788 |
| properties of extracellular neuraminidase produced by group a streptococcus. | extracellular neuraminidase production by group a streptococci was examined in 92 strains. fourteen of these strains produced appreciable amounts of enzyme; 12 of the neuraminidase-producing strains belonged to t types 1, 4, and 12. production of the enzyme paralleled bacterial growth in culture and was maximal in medium containing 0.2% glucose. the enzyme produced by one of these strains was partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and filtration on g-200 sephadex. its molecular wei ... | 1979 | 38208 |
| biological characteristics of peptidoglycans of group a streptococcus and some other bacterial species. ii. immunological mechanisms involved in thrombocytolysis. | immunological mechanisms are involved in the thrombocytolytic activity of peptidoglycan of group a streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. inactivation of particular components of complement (heating of blood serum to 56 degrees c,incubation with zymosan or nh4oh) inhibited the thrombocytolytic activity of group a streptococcus peptidoglycan. so did preincubation of group a streptococcus peptidoglycan with homologous antipeptidoglycan antibody. on the other hand, antib ... | 1978 | 38280 |
| [immunodiffusion methods of studying the f-fraction antigens obtained from group a streptococci]. | f fractions, obtained by the extraction of cultures of group a streptococci with distilled water at different ph, were studied by immunodifusion methods and subjected to chemical analysis. f fractions were shown to contain polyglcerophosphate, antigen e4 and in some cases group polysaccharide. besides, f fractions were found to contain an antigen insensitive to trypsin and identical to one of the antigens of the thermostable fraction, as well as an antigen sensitive to the action of proteolytic ... | 1979 | 40369 |
| susceptibility of streptococci to newer tetracyclines and cephalosporins and to other antimicrobial agents. | two hundred and thirty-nine strains of streptococcus including 71 strains of group a, 81 strains of group b, 69 strains of enterococci, and 18 strains of s. pneumoniae were tested against 12 antimicrobial agents using an agar dilution method. cefamandole was the most active cephalosporin tested. doxycycline and minocycline were more active than tetracycline, although the tetracyclines were considerably less inhibitory than the cephalosporins. regression line analysis of zones of inhibition versu ... | 1979 | 40435 |
| biogenic amine involvement in pyrogenicity and enhancement of lethal endotoxin shock by group a streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin. | | 1979 | 42075 |
| [the production of streptolysin o by beta-hemolytic streptococci of group a (author's transl))]. | 128 m- and 15 t-typed strains of a-streptococci were investigated in respect of their streptolysin o production. the peak of streptolysin o production was reached after the logarithmic growth-phase and persisted for more than 24 h. the strains were classified in very weak 44% (0-1,0 e/ml), weak 30% (1,5-3,0 e/ml), medium 21% (4-8,0 e/ml) strong 5% (12-48 e/ml), 9 strains (7%) produced no detectable streptolysin o. the amount of streptolysin o necessary for antigen stimulation is discussed. a con ... | 1979 | 44611 |
| [grouping of a, b, c and g beta-hemolytic streptococci by the phadebact streptococcus test (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 44618 |
| the role of m protein in phagocytosis. i. activity of some enzymes in phagocytic cells during infection with streptococcus pyogenes in vivo. | the phagocytosis of two type 12 streptococcus pyogenes strains differing in m protein presence was investigated in vivo. the rate of phagocytosis and the streptococcal viability in phagocytic cells and outside of them was studied simultanously with estimation of enzymatic activity in phagocytic cells. it was observed that m positive strain was phagocytized at lower rate and also exhibited longer viability. decrease of lactic dehydrogenase and atp-ase activity in phagocytes of rabbits infected wi ... | 1979 | 44621 |
| the role of m protein in phagocytosis. ii. opsonization of streptococcus pyogenes in vitro. | opsonization of two different streptococcal group a type 12 strains was investigated. the strains differed only in m protein presence. it was observed that after the treatment of bacteria with fresh normal rabbit serum m positive strains bind to their surface igg only whereas m negative strains solely some complement components. these results may suggest that streptococci lacking m protein are able to activate complement by alternate pathway. | 1979 | 44622 |
| comparative study of erythromycin, amoxicillin and ampicillin antimicrobial activity against human respiratory tract pathogens. | an in vitro test system was used to compare the antimicrobial activity of erythromycin, amoxicillin and ampicillin against respiratory tract pathogens isolated from man. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of fresh clinical isolates of streptoccus pyogenes, streptocuccus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae to the macrolide and penicillins ranged between 0.01 and 0.9 microgram/ml. the microbes were exposed to each antibiotic for approximately 3 h at 1x,2x and 5x ... | 1979 | 44765 |
| studies on the pathogenesis of rheumatic heart disease. an immunological relationship between the polysaccharide of group a streptococcus and the glycoprotein of heart valve. | the immunization of rabbits with bovine heart valve homogenates induced the formation of antibody which reacted with ctc soluble extracts and also proteolytic enzyme treated fractions. analysis by fractionation of materials revealed 2 peaks and both peaks contain monosaccharides. the first peak was more antigenic to anti-valvular sera. the cross-reactivity between the valvular glycoprotein and group a streptococcal polysaccharides was confirmed by the immunological inhibition tests. widespread d ... | 1975 | 47405 |
| [antigenic similarities between streptococcus and tissues: evidence for new common antigens between streptococcus a and mammalian igg]. | | 1975 | 50885 |
| streptococcus pyogenes preparation ok-432: immunoprophylactic and immunotherapeutic effects on the incidence of spontaneous leukemia in akr mice. | an inactivated and lyophilized preparation of a low virulence strain (su) of streptococcus pyogenes (group a) was designated ok-432. when 2- and 5-month-old akr mice were inoculated im with ok-432 twice weekly throughout their life-spans, spontaneous leukemias occurred later and at a lower incidence than in control groups. by virus neutralization and cytotoxicity tests and by immunoelectron microscopy, antibodies against virus and cell-surface antigens of transplanted akr leukemia were not detec ... | 1976 | 56450 |
| antigenicity of the m proteins of group a hemolytic streptococci: further evidence for shared determinants among serotypes. | shared antigenic determinants between m proteins of group a streptococci appear to be widespread among serotypes. this is demonstrated by the ability of purified m proteins to absorb opsonic antibody from a variety of heterologous antisera prepared against whole cells or purified m proteins. this absorption procedure has the capacity to separate passive mouse protecting and passive hemagglutinating antibodies from opsonic antibodies measured in vitro. when whole cells or m proteins are used as h ... | 1976 | 57101 |
| pulmonary changes in neonatal sepsis to group b beta-hemolytic streptococcus: relation of hyaline membrane disease. | the radiographic changes of hyaline membrane disease were seen in seven of eight infants with group b beta-hemolytic streptococcal sepsis. hyaline membranes were found throughout the lungs of all six infants who were examined after death. the most striking finding was the presence of group b streptococci within the membranes of five infants. streptococci were so numerous in one instance that they comprised the bulk of the membrane. another infant uas thought to have classical hyaline membrane di ... | 1976 | 57196 |
| binding of group a streptococci to human oral mucosal cells by lipoteichoic acid. | | 1975 | 57662 |
| [perspectives on the development of a streptococcal vaccine]. | | 1976 | 57684 |
| [immunofluorescent study of antibodies to streptococcus group a polysaccharides in connective tissue sections]. | purified antibodies against a specific determinant of group a streptococcal polysaccharide were obtained. these antibodies were investigated by the immunofluorescent method on tissue sections of the heart and heart valves. no cross-reactions between group a streptococcal polysaccharide and mammalian connective tissue were revealed. | 1976 | 58683 |
| streptococcal m protein extracted by nonionic detergent. i. properties of the antiphagocytic and type-specific molecules. | group a streptococcal m protein was extracted with nonionic detergent and subjected to a number of physical, chemical, and immunological tests. m protein thus extracted was composed of multiple protein bands, ranging from 35,000 down to 6,000 daltons, all having type-specific precipitating activity. the anti-phagocytic proteins, however, were limited to three molecular species having mol wt of 28,000, 31,000, and 35,000 daltons, and could be separated from those proteins that had only type speci ... | 1976 | 58958 |
| quantitative throat-swab culture in the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis in children. | a striking difference in the detection of a heavy growth of streptococcus pyogenes in throat swabs taken from 1054 children with pharyngitis compared with those from 462 normal children was demonstrated when a standardised technique of quantitative culture was used. in patients with pharyngitis 71% of the isolates were heavy whereas a heavy culture was obtained in only 1-7% of healthy children. also, a significant correlation between the clinical observations suggestive of streptococcal pharyngi ... | 1976 | 59148 |
| [autoantibodies to the common antigenic determinant of group a streptococcal polysaccharide and epithelial cells of mammalian thymus and skin]. | a cross-reactive (cr) antigenic determinant in the polysaccharide of group a streptococus and the mammalian thymus and skin was studied. the cr antigen was found in adult humans and human embryos irrespective of the blood group, as well as in the tissues of all the animal species studied, including rabbits immunized with streptococcus and producing antibodies to a polysaccharide. evidence was obtained that the antibodies elaborated to the cr determinant of polysaccharide a and of the tissue epi ... | 1976 | 59613 |
| purification and immunochemical characterization of type e polysaccharide antigen of streptococcus mutans. | the type-specific antigen of streptococcus mutans strain mt703, serotype e, has been chromatographically purified and characterized. two chromatographic fractions were obtained from saline extracts which reacted with both anti-mt703 whole-cell serum and lancefield group e serum. the major fraction (ei) was identified as a polysaccharide composed of 37% glucose, 56% rhamnose, 5% protein, and 0.3% phosphorus, whereas the minor fraction (eii) contained 66% protein in addition to 10% glucose and 17% ... | 1976 | 59706 |
| [the concentration of antibodies to several exoenzymes of beta-hemolytic streptococci in commercial preparations of gamma globulin]. | for the purpose of possible use of commercial preparations of homologous gamma-globulin in the outbreaks of streptococcus affections the authors studied the content of antibodies to some streptococcus antigens, namely to o-streptolysin, streptohyaluronidase and streptokinase. high antibody titres to streptokinase were observed in 62.7, to o-streptolysin--in 35.2 and to streptohyaluronidase--in 15.4% of the batches under study. the greatest amount of antibodies to all the antigens under study was ... | 1976 | 60017 |
| anti-streptococcal antibodies reacting with brain tissue. ii. utrastructural studies. | the reaction of rabbit anti-streptococcus pyogenes type 24 with mouse brain has been studied at the ultrastructural level using horseradish peroxidase labelled antiglobulin. it is shown that these antibodies, and by inference those found in sydenham's chorea, react with the fibrous astrocyte. the cross-reacting antigen is the glial filament or a closely associated cytoplasmic constituent. | 1976 | 60120 |
| letter: quantitative throat-swab culture. | | 1976 | 60667 |
| [studies on the mechanism of l-agglutination (author's transl)]. | the mechanism of l-agglutination (la) was studied by fractionating human sera by means of sephadex g 200 gel filtration. la was found to be mediated by 2 factors: the rheumatoid factor (rf) as a macroglobulin, occuring only in sera from patients with rhematoid arthritis, and an igg globulin, found also in normal sera, probably a highly prevalent incomplete streptococcal antibody. rf-containing igm fractions, by themselves devoid of la activity, can be rendered positive not only by igg from the s ... | 1976 | 60841 |
| [identification with the aid of various serological reactions of l forms of streptococci isolated from the live organism]. | growth inhibition, agglutination, precipitation, and passive hemagglutination tests were used for the identification of the l-forms of streptococci isolated from the organism of experimental rabbits both after the infection with the l-forms of streptococci and with the streptococci of group a. the tests were positive not only with the antiserum of homologous, but also of heterologous strains of the l-form of streptococcus, group a. the l-form cultures isolated from the experimental animals faile ... | 1976 | 64097 |
| [changes in the serum proteins in suppurative surgical infection in cattle]. | studied were the serum proteins of 3 cattle with a spontaneous suppurative surgery infection and 10 cattle with an experimental infection of the same character. it was found that in such cases there is a rise in the total protein, the alpha and gamma globulins, and a drop in the albumin and the beta-globulins. the experimental suppurative infection caused by corynebacterium pyogenes produces changes of a higher degree in the protein spectrum than the experimental infection caused by str. pyogene ... | 1976 | 67698 |
| [relationship between the virulence of a culture and the presence of common (non-type-specific) antigens in strains of group a streptococcus of different types]. | in studying common (nontypespecific) antigens sensitivity to trypsin there was shown their wide distribution among the cultures of streptococcus, group a, belonging to different types and containing m-proteins. the antigen no. 1, identical to one of the antigens of the thermostable fraction was found in the cultures, irrespective of the degree of their virulence. the antigen no. 2 was characteristic of only virulent cultures obtained after the increase of the virulence and forming matt-form colo ... | 1977 | 67728 |
| purification and characterization of group a streptococcal t-1 antigen. | a method is described for the recovery of purified t-antigen from crude trypsin extracts of an avirulent strain of m-1 protein deficient, t-type 1 group a streptococcus. the purified t-antigen was resistant to enzymatic degradation with trypsin and pepsin, formed a single precipitin line with standard t-1 antiserum, failed to react with antisera for teichoic acid, group a carbohydrate, and cross-reactive protein antigens, stimulated only a single precipitin system when rabbits were immunized, co ... | 1977 | 70408 |
| streptococcal m protein extracted by nonionic detergent. ii. analysis of the antibody response to the multiple antigenic determinants of the m-protein molecule. | purified streptococcal m protein extracted by nonionic detergent was used in an ria and a solid-phase radiocompetitive inhibition assay to determine the nature of the immune response in both human beings and hyperimmunized rabbits to this complex antiphagocytic antigen. results indicate that a type-specific response to an m antigen with the development of opsonic antibodies is the result of antibodies directed against the majority of the antigenic determinants of the molecule. cross-reactions be ... | 1977 | 70502 |
| comparison of methods for rapid immunofluroescent staining of group a streptococci and neisseria gonorrhoeae. | immunofluorescent staining reactions for group a streptococci and neisseria gonorrhoeae were equivalent to those of standard "slow" methods when slides were heated on a serological water bath at 50 c for periods one to four minutes. no false negative reactions occurred when this method was used. false negative reactions occasionally occurred when previously described rapid methods which employed a slide warmer were used. | 1977 | 72052 |
| specific and cross-reactive activation of rabbit peripheral blood lymphocytes by streptococcal vaccines. | the ability of primed rabbit blood lymphocytes to respond in vitro to the homologous streptococcal group antigen depends on its presence in culture in the form of vaccine or cell walls thereof. these lymphocytes can also be stimulated in vitro by streptococcal vaccines with chemically related group antigens. the basis for this cross-stimulation apparently resides in shared rhamnose moieties. activation of these lymphocytes was not achieved by vaccines from unrelated bacteria. there is also the s ... | 1978 | 74347 |
| [relationships between streptococcus pyogenes t4-antigens and haptoglobin types (author's transl)]. | some strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci were agglutinated with high titers (1:200-1:6400) by human sera of the haptoglobin types 2-2 and 2-1. no agglutination or with low titers (up to 1:20) was observed with sera of the haptoglobin type 1-1. this reactivity depends from the contents of streptococcus pyogenes t-antigens of the t-complex 4,24... this t4-antigen is present in group a streptococci (strep. pyogenes) of the types 4, 24, 26, 28, 29, 46, 48 and 60 but it may be present also in som ... | 1977 | 74924 |
| transferable drug resistance to group a and group b streptococci. | | 1978 | 76183 |
| immunodiffusion method for identification of group a streptococci. | the development of a method suitable for identification of group a streptococci by microprecipitation in gels is described. the method is based on preparation of specific sera containing high antibody levels agains the antigenic determinant characteristic of group a streptococcal polysaccharide. in a comparative study with a counterimmunoelectrophoresis method, the proposed test proved to be specific, easily read, and less complicated. results were obtained in 2 h. | 1978 | 76608 |
| streptococcal vaccines revisited. | | 1978 | 77303 |
| pharyngeal gram stains in the treatment of sore throats. | the use of the direct pharyngeal gram stain for diagnosis of group a beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis was evaluated. seventy-five consecutive out-patients presented with pharyngitis (or high fever in infants) were studied with pharyngeal cultures and gram stains. gram stains were read as either positive, negative, or indeterminate for streptococcal pharyngitis. when these predictions were correlated with the resulting culture growth of group a beta-hemolytic streptococci, the predictive ... | 1978 | 77930 |
| prospective study of the treatment of septic shock. | a study of 113 patients with septic shock admitted to an intensive therapy unit (i.t.u.) during a 3-year period showed that a significant reduction in mortality was achieved after the introduction of a treatment programme which included early intermittent positive-pressure ventilation and aggressive surgery in addition to conventional management with fluids, oxygen, and antibiotics. vasoactive drugs played an important but not essential role in therapy. | 1978 | 77955 |
| existence of 28r-antigen in a certain strain of group f streptococcus. | an inter-group common antigen was detected between group a type 28 (small)- and group f (21/58/o'mahoney, colindale)-streptococcal cells by the t-typing agglutination reaction. the characteristics of this antigen coincide with those of the 28r-antigen, which was first detected in the group a type 28 (small) cells by lancefield in 1943, in the following points: 1) it can be extracted from the cells with hc1 at ph 2.0 at 100 c in a stable state; 2) it can be kept in a stable state by heating in an ... | 1978 | 79974 |
| repeating covalent structure of streptococcal m protein. | we have attempted to identify the covalent structure of the m protein molecule of group a streptococci that is responsible for inducing type-specific, protective immunity. m protein was extracted from type 24 streptococci, purified, and cleaved with cyanogen bromide. seven cyanogen bromide peptides were purified and further characterized. together, the peptides account for the entire amino acid content of the m protein molecule. each of the purified peptides possessed the type-specific determina ... | 1978 | 80011 |
| recognition of idiotypes in lymphocyte interactions. i. idiotypic selectivity in the cooperation between t and b lymphocytes. | idiotypic restrictions are demonstrated in vitro for the cooperation between t and b lymphocytes with specificity for group a streptococcal carbohydrate. t helper cells which have been primed in vivo with anti-idiotypic antibodies to the a5a idiotype and which are therefore essentially a5a idiotype-positive, cooperate only with a5a idiotype-positive b cells, even when mixtures of a5a idiotype-positive and a5a idiotype-negative b cells are present. essentially a5a idiotype-negative t helper cells ... | 1978 | 83234 |