| staphylococcus muscae, a new species isolated from flies. | a new coagulase-negative species of the genus staphylococcus, staphylococcus muscae, is described on the basis of the results of a study of four strains that were isolated from flies. 16s rrna sequences of the type strains of s. muscae, staphylococcus schleiferi, and staphylococcus sciuri were determined and used, together with the corresponding sequences of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, for a comparative analysis. the new species is characterized taxonomically; this spec ... | 1992 | 1371067 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures. vii. partial purification of the protein factor necessary for virus synthesis. | 1. a substance is present in autolyzed pepsin solutions which stimulates the release of phage by some strains of s. muscae when added to fildes' synthetic medium. 2. the substance is assayed by determining the quantity necessary to increase the phage yield to one-half the maximum value, using the one-step growth curve technique. 3. the substance has been concentrated and partially purified (500-fold) by heavy metal precipitation, butyl alcohol extraction, and absorption on norit. 4. no known ami ... | 1950 | 14824493 |
| the formation of bacterial viruses in bacteria rendered nonviable by mustard gas. | e. coli b and staphylococcus muscae rendered non-viable by aqueous solutions of mustard gas at ph 7.5 to 8 can still produce phage. | 1948 | 18885678 |
| a novel approach to eliminate detection of contaminating staphylococcal species introduced during clinical testing. | we describe here a strategy that can distinguish between staphylococcus species truly present in a clinical sample from contaminating staphylococcus species introduced during the testing process. contaminating staphylococcus species are present at low levels in pcr reagents and colonize lab personnel. to eliminate detection of contaminants, we describe an approach that utilizes addition of sufficient quantities of either non-target staphylococcal cells (staphylococcus succinus or staphylococcus ... | 2017 | 28225823 |
| staphylococcus rostri sp. nov., a haemolytic bacterium isolated from the noses of healthy pigs. | twenty coagulase-negative staphylococcus strains displaying alpha-haemolysis (delta-haemolysin) on sheep-blood agar were isolated from the noses of different pigs in switzerland. the strains were gram-stain-positive, non-motile cocci, catalase-positive and coagulase-negative. sequence analysis of the 16s rrna gene, soda, rpob, dnaj and hsp60 and phylogenetic characteristics revealed that the strains showed the closest relatedness to staphylococcus microti ccm 4903(t) and staphylococcus muscae ds ... | 2010 | 19819995 |
| staphylococcus microti sp. nov., isolated from the common vole (microtus arvalis). | two strains of gram-positive cocci were isolated from viscera of common voles (microtus arvalis pallas) with generalized brucella microti infection in the czech republic. biochemical features and phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that the strains are representatives of the genus staphylococcus and assigned staphylococcus muscae as the nearest relative. a detailed characterization done by ribotyping, rpob and hsp60 gene sequencing, whole-cell protein analysis and rep-p ... | 2010 | 19654347 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; a factor necessary for phage formation. | 1. a factor necessary for the formation, of staphylococcus muscae phage was found in acid digests of many highly purified proteins. 2. the factor is released from egg albumen and pepsin by peptic digestion. 3. no amino acids tried could replace the acid digests of proteins as a source of the factor. 4. the factor, when added to a multiplying bacteria-phage system, cannot be found in purified phage or in the lysate after complete lysis of the system has taken place. | 1948 | 18920610 |
| bacteriophage formation without bacterial growth; the effect of iodoacetate, fluoride, gramicidin, and azide on the formation of bacteriophage. | 1. iodoacetate, fluoride, and azide have been found to prevent the formation of phage and to inhibit the synthesis of atp by staphylococcus muscae. it is suggested that energy-rich phosphate is needed for the synthesis of phage. 2. gramicidin prevented the formation of phage. 3. no differences were found between normal bacteria and phage-infected bacteria in the inorganic phosphate, adenosinetriphosphate, ribonucleic acid, and desoxyribonucleic acid content of the cells. 4. the mechanism of phag ... | 1947 | 18896936 |
| bacteriophage formation without bacterial growth; the effect of niacin and yeast extract on phage formation and bacterial growth in the presence of penicillin. | 1. the addition of penicillin greatly increases the production of phage in bacterial suspensions containing 2.5 to 3.5 x 10(8) cells in 0.4 ml. broth plus 6.6 ml. locke's solution. 2. addition of niacin also greatly increases the formation of phage in the above system without the addition of penicillin. 3. the results indicate that niacin is necessary for phage production and that bacteria cannot utilize niacin in the presence of penicillin. 4. staphylococcus muscae will grow in the synthetic me ... | 1947 | 18896935 |
| bacteriophage formation without bacterial growth; formation of staphylococcus phage in the presence of bacteria inhibited by penicillin. | bacteriophage will increase 100,000 times in staphylococcus muscae cultures whose multiplication has been completely inhibited by penicillin. | 1947 | 18896934 |
| inactivation of viruses and cells by mustard gas. | the action of mustard gas on six animal, one plant, and two bacterial viruses; also on bacteria, yeast, and the pneumococcus-transforming principle has been studied. the viruses include newcastle's disease of chickens, equine encephalomyelitis (eastern strain), feline pneumonitis (baker), rabbit papilloma (shope), fixed rabies, rabbit myxoma, tobacco mosaic, t(2)r(+) phage of e. coli b, and a staphylococcus muscae phage. the cells include bakers' yeast, e. coli b, staphylococcus muscae, and swin ... | 1948 | 18891148 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; the competition between host and virus for a nutrient. | 1. experiments carried out in fildes' synthetic medium show that there is a competition between the host and virus for a substance present in acid-hydrolyzed casein. this substance appears to be essential for the multiplication of the virus but not for the host. | 1948 | 18891147 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; the release of the virus from the bacterial cell. | 1. the release of s. muscae phage in veal infusion medium is correlated with lysis of the host. 2. the release of the bacterial virus in fildes' synthetic medium occurs in a step-wise manner before observable lysis of the cells occurs. this result has been confirmed by both turbidimetric readings and direct microscopic examination of the infected cells. | 1948 | 18891146 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; nucleic acid synthesis during virus formation. | 1. the total nucleic acid synthesized by normal and by infected s. muscae suspensions is approximately the same. this is true for either lag phase cells or log phase cells. 2. the amount of nucleic acid synthesized per cell in normal cultures increases during the lag period and remains fairly constant during log growth. 3. the amount of nucleic acid synthesized per cell by infected cells increases during the whole course of the infection. 4. infected cells synthesize less rna and more dna than n ... | 1949 | 18139006 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; the effect of the yeast fraction on virus synthesis. | 1. a non-dialyzable fraction from fresh bakers' yeast stimulates the formation of s. muscae virus in cells in synthetic medium in the log phase of multiplication. 2. a similar fraction was not found in calf thymus, pancreas, or liver. 3. the active substance in this fraction has been partially purified. 4. this substance is taken up by the cells. in the absence of virus the added substance is metabolized to a form no longer available for virus formation. 5. a purified yeast fraction, which stimu ... | 1949 | 18123312 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures; further observations on the relationship between virus release and cellular lysis. | 1. in the synthetic medium of fildes contaming hydrolyzed casein virus release is not correlated with observable cellular lysis under conditions of a very low multiple infection. 2. in cells with a high multiple infection, lysis occurs much sooner than in cells with a low multiple infection and virus release is correlated with cellular lysis. the experiments indicate that it is the virus particle itself which accelerates lysis under these conditions. 3. a non-dialyzable fraction has been isolate ... | 1949 | 18114561 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures. xi. the synthesis of ribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid, and protein in uninfected bacteria. | 1. the synthesis of ribonucleic acid, desoxyribomicleic acid, and protein in s. muscae has been studied: (a) during the lag phase, (b) during the early log phase, and (c) while the cells are forming an adaptive enzyme for lactose utilization. 2. during the lag phase there may be a 60 per cent increase in ribonucleic acid and protein and a 50 per cent increase in dry weight without a change in cell count, as determined microscopically, or an increase in turbidity. 3. during this period, the incre ... | 1952 | 14955617 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures. x. the relationship between virus synthesis, the release of bacterial ribonucleic acid, virus liberation, and cellular lysis. | 1. under a variety of conditions in which cells are infected with one or a few virus particles and the host cells are killed, but no infective particles or virus material is formed as indicated by plaque count, one-step growth curve, or protein or desoxyribonucleic determinations, the cells neither lyse nor release ribonucleic acid into the medium. 2. the "killing" effect of s. muscae phage is separate from its lytic property. 3. the release of ribonucleic acid into the medium is not simply due ... | 1952 | 14898025 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures. ix. effect of multiple infection on virus synthesis in the absence and presence of specific substrates. | 1. a strain of s. muscae which requires a substance present in certain acid-hydrolyzed proteins (ahpf) for virus liberation when singly infected in fildes' synthetic medium no longer needs this substance when multiply infected. 2. in the absence of the ahpf under conditions of multiple infection the amount of phage released is approximately equal to the number of infecting particles between two to ten. over ten particles per cell has no further effect on the yield of virus. 3. the experimental e ... | 1950 | 14824495 |
| phage formation in staphylococcus muscae cultures. viii. effect of the protein factor and aspartic acid on virus synthesis with various bacterial strains. | 1. four strains of staphylococcus muscae have been isolated which differ in their growth rates and phage syntheses in fildes' synthetic medium. 2. two of the strains when singly infected cannot release phage in fildes' synthetic medium unless a substance present in certain acid-hydrolyzed proteins is added to the medium. one of these strains also requires other substance(s) present in acid-hydrolyzed proteins in order to grow in fildes' medium. 3. the two strains which do not require the additio ... | 1950 | 14824494 |