| the nature of arginine auxotrophy in cutaneous populations of staphylococci. | l-arginine was required for growth by a high percentage of strains of staphylococcus species that were niche-specific and/or host-specific, but was usually not required for growth by species showing a wide host range. growth stimulation patterns with arginine intermediates indicated that most of the auxotrophic strains had blocks in an early step(s) in arginine biosynthesis. these strains were designated phenotypically as arg(chg) according to the salmonella typhimurium classification scheme. st ... | 1979 | 438776 |
| characterization and identification of coagulase-negative, heat-stable deoxyribonuclease-positive staphylococci. | various characteristics of 13 coagulase-negative, weakly heat-stable deoxyribonuclease-positive staphylococci from human, veterinary and food sources were determined in an effort to identify them. nine of the isolates were identified as coagulase-negative staphylococcus aureus (2), staphylococcus xylosus (2), staphylococcus simulans (3), staphylococcus capitis (1) and staphylococcus sciuri subsp. lentus (1); the other four isolates, from food and veterinary sources, could not be identified as cu ... | 1978 | 641525 |
| prospective study of blood culture during transesophageal echocardiography. | to ascertain the incidence and significance of bacteremia associated with transesophageal echocardiography (tee), 132 consecutive patients (aged 17 to 73 years) free of apparent infection who were undergoing 135 transesophageal echocardiographic procedures from october 1990 to august 1991, were prospectively studied. for each procedure, two sets of blood cultures were obtained for culture 30 to 60 minutes before tee, immediately after, and 180 to 240 minutes after the procedure. for each blood c ... | 1992 | 1462911 |
| the influence of salt concentration on the detection of methicillin resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci. | the detection of methicillin resistance by the breakpoint method was examined using three different media containing varying quantities of added salt and 4 mg/l methicillin or 1 mg/l oxacillin. three hundred clinical isolates of eight species of coagulase-negative staphylococci were tested. in 68 strains methicillin resistance was expressed only at certain salt concentrations and four distinct susceptibility phenotypes were observed. a correlation between the susceptibility phenotype and the spe ... | 1992 | 1493978 |
| native valve endocarditis caused by staphylococcus simulans. | | 1992 | 1597208 |
| species identification and some characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine udders. | the species of 203 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns), isolated from bovine udder quarters was determined; all were tested for hydrophobicity and encapsulation, attributes that may relate to virulence. twelve species were identified, of which staphylococcus simulans, (34.5%), s. chromogenes (16.7%), s. epidermidis (13.8%) and s. xylosus (8.9%) were the most frequent. the majority of strains possessed a hydrophilic cell surface. however, strains from two species (s. chromogenes and ... | 1992 | 1626368 |
| plasmids encoding for erythromycin ribosomal methylase of staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus simulans. | two 1.7 md plasmids of staphylococcus epidermidis and three ones of staphylococcus simulans determining inducible macrolide-lincosamide resistance are identical as judged by restriction endonuclease fingerprinting. these plasmids designated pei2101, pei9105, pe1107, pei1108 and pei6104, respectively, belong to the incompatibility group 12. dot-blot hybridization by photobiotin-labelled gene probe developed from s. aureus erythromycin ribosomal methylase gene showed cross hybridization between me ... | 1992 | 1632202 |
| sequence analysis of a staphylococcus aureus gene encoding a peptidoglycan hydrolase activity. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence of a 2.0-kb nhei-xbai dna fragment containing a peptidoglycan hydrolase-encoding gene, lyta, tentatively identified as encoding an n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanine amidase, from staphylococcus aureus, was determined. the nt sequencing revealed an open reading frame (orf) of 1443 bp with a consensus ribosome-binding site located 7 nt upstream from the atg start codon. the primary amino acid (aa) sequence deduced from the nt sequence revealed a putative protein of 481 aa resi ... | 1991 | 1677905 |
| homology of meca gene in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus haemolyticus and staphylococcus simulans to that of staphylococcus aureus. | a penicillin-binding protein of molecular weight 76,000 inducible by beta-lactams was detected in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus haemolyticus and staphylococcus simulans. dna from these strains hybridized to the meca gene from staphylococcus aureus; however, the chromosomal hindiii fragments containing the meca genes were 3.4 kilobases in s. haemolyticus and 4.3 kilobases in s. simulans. | 1990 | 1691614 |
| characteristics of extracellular protein production by a plasmidless derivative of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | a derivative of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus cured of all five plasmids present in the wild-type organism was developed, and the characteristics of extracellular protein production by this plasmidless strain were compared to those of the wild type. although staphylolytic endopeptidase (lysostaphin) and beta-lactamase are known to be plasmid encoded, analysis of this cured strain revealed that most other extracellular proteins are chromosomally encoded. | 1991 | 1769550 |
| lysostaphin: use of a recombinant bactericidal enzyme as a mastitis therapeutic. | a recombinant mucolytic protein, lysostaphin, was evaluated as a potential intramammary therapeutic for staphylococcus aureus mastitis in dairy cattle. lysostaphin, a product of staphylococcus simulans, enzymatically degrades the cell wall of staphylococcus aureus and is bactericidal. thirty holstein-freisian dairy cattle in their first lactation were infected with staphylococcus aureus (newbould 305, atcc 29740) in all quarters. infections were established and monitored for somatic cell counts ... | 1991 | 1787188 |
| evaluation of the staph-zym system with staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. | a total of 148 staphylococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections were used to evaluate the staph-zym system (rosco, taastrup, denmark). the overall accuracy of the system was 91.9%. the system correctly identified all strains of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus simulans, and staphylococcus xylosus and 95% of staphylococcus intermedius strains. of 33 staphylococcus hyicus strains, 31 (93.9%) were classified correctly by the staph-zym system, as well as 8 (80%) of 10 staphylococcus c ... | 1991 | 1993769 |
| beta-lactamase is encoded on plasmid pack3 in staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus, the lysostaphin-producing organism, contains five plasmids designated pack1 through pack5. hybridization analysis using cloned beta-lactamase gene (bla) as probe and characterization of cured strains revealed that bla resides on pack3 rather than on the lysostaphin endopeptidase plasmid (pack1) as reported by others. | 1991 | 2004692 |
| a case of staphylococcus simulans endocarditis affecting a native heart valve. | | 1991 | 2026900 |
| a convenient method for differentiation of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mammary glands. | the utility of trehalose-mannitol broth and arabinose-cellobiose broth for identification of staphylococcus epidermidis and novobiocin-resistant staphylococci was determined using 236 coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mammary glands. none of the 49 s. epidermidis strains was positive in trehalose-mannitol broth; whereas, all strains of staphylococcus hyicus, staphylococcus chromogenes, staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus hominis, staphylococcus warneri, and staphyloco ... | 1991 | 2045549 |
| classification of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine clinical and subclinical mastitis. | one hundred and forty eight strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) from bovine clinical and subclinical mastitis were classified by conventional biochemical testing. staphylococcus simulans was the most frequently isolated species. the distribution of cns species in the two groups was similar regardless of whether the cow suffered from clinical or subclinical mastitis. there was no significant difference between the grades of severity of the clinical mastitis associated with the vario ... | 1991 | 2063547 |
| presence of an additional penicillin-binding protein in methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus hominis, and staphylococcus simulans with a low affinity for methicillin, cephalothin, and cefamandole. | the presence of an additional penicillin-binding protein (pbp) was demonstrated in methicillin-resistant strains of staphylococcus epidermidis, s. haemolyticus, s. hominis, and s. simulans. in these four species, the apparent molecular mass of this protein was analogous to that of pbp 2' of methicillin-resistant s. aureus sr 1550-9. it exhibited a low affinity for methicillin, cephalothin, and cefamandole; and its synthesis was methicillin inducible. peptide mapping of this pbp from the four spe ... | 1990 | 2285281 |
| antiphagocytic effect of the capsule of staphylococcus simulans. | an encapsulated strain of staphylococcus simulans was observed to be more resistant to phagocytosis by human granulocytes than was a nonencapsulated strain. phagocytosis of the encapsulated strain was enhanced by antisera to s. simulans, but opsonic activity of antisera was removed by absorption with s. simulans capsular material. the encapsulated strain of s. simulans was also more invasive than the nonencapsulated s. simulans in vivo. more encapsulated than nonencapsulated s. simulans were fou ... | 1990 | 2323819 |
| the effect of inoculation of coagulase-negative staphylococci into the ovine mammary gland. | in each of two experiments, the effect of inoculation of coagulase-negative staphylococci (c-ns) into the ovine mammary gland was studied. in the first experiment, ewes were inoculated with one of six different c-ns to study differences in the pathogenicity of the isolates. in the second, ewes were inoculated with staphylococcus simulans to study the sequential histopathological features of the infection. the existence of subclinical mastitis was established by consistent isolation of bacteria, ... | 1990 | 2324343 |
| influence of cationic peptides on the activity of the autolytic endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase of staphylococcus simulans 22. | the peptidoglycan hydrolyzing endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase of staphylococcus simulans 22 is not able to attack intact cell walls of s. simulans 22, but hydrolyzes cell walls of micrococcus luteus and soluble peptidoglycan chains of s. simulans 22. hydrolysis of cell walls of m. luteus is activated in presence of organic cations such as poly-l-lysine (n = 17) and the peptide antibiotics pep 5 and nisin, whereas hydrolysis of soluble peptidoglycan chains is not influenced. high concentrations ... | 1989 | 2501145 |
| plasmid-encoded lysostaphin endopeptidase resistance of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus, the lysostaphin-producing organism, secretes a staphylolytic endopeptidase (ec 3.4.99.17) that is encoded on plasmid pack1. susceptibility of pack1-cured strains to lysis by endopeptidase established that resistance to this enzyme is not an inherent property of the organism but rather is encoded on this dispensable plasmid. furthermore, the enzyme is not an autolysin that is essential for cell wall synthesis because strains lacking the endopeptidas ... | 1989 | 2730641 |
| effect of milk on fibronectin and collagen type i binding to staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine mastitis. | tryptic soy broth (tsb)-grown cells of staphylococcus aureus isolated from acute and chronic bovine mastitis bound mainly 125i-fibronectin (fn) [corrected], whereas strains of nine species of coagulase-negative staphylococci showed a predominant interaction with 125i-collagen (cn) [corrected] type i. a particle agglutination assay (paa) was used to examine the interaction of coagulase-negative staphylococci with 125i-fn and 125i-cn immobilized on latex. all 368 coagulase-negative staphylococci d ... | 1989 | 2775349 |
| autolytic system of staphylococcus simulans 22: influence of cationic peptides on activity of n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase. | pep 5 and nisin are cationic peptide antibiotics which in addition to their membrane-disruptive action induce autolysis in staphylococci. to investigate the mechanism of lysis induction, the influence of the peptides on the activity of the n-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine amidase of staphylococcus simulans 22 was studied. in experiments with isolated cell walls at low ionic strength, the amidase activity was stimulated by the addition of pep 5 and nisin, as well as by polylysine, streptomycin, and mon ... | 1987 | 2890620 |
| the role of capsule as a barrier to bacteriophage adsorption in an encapsulated staphylococcus simulans strain. | the polyvalent staphylococcal bacteriophage u16 failed to adsorb to an encapsulated staphylococcus simulans strain. partially purified cell wall and teichoic acid of this strain could, however, inactivate bacteriophage u16 to a great extent, indicating the presence of the phage receptor. it is concluded that the capsule of staphylococcus simulans acts as a barrier for the interaction of the phage with its receptor in the bacterial cell wall. | 1988 | 2971134 |
| recognition of staphylococcus saprophyticus in urine cultures by screening colonies for production of phosphatase. | phenolphthalein diphosphate was incorporated into a primary blood agar medium for use in performing quantitative urine cultures. phosphatase-negative staphylococci, such as staphylococcus saprophyticus, were differentiated from phosphatase-positive species, such as staphylococcus epidermidis, by spot testing colonies on filter paper saturated with 1 n naoh. phosphatase-positive colonies turned pink within seconds, and phosphatase-negative colonies showed no color. none of 55 s. saprophyticus iso ... | 1985 | 2984240 |
| characteristics of extracellular protein production by staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus during aerobic and anaerobic growth. | aerobic cultures of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus characteristically achieved about 17 times higher bacterial densities and produced about 7 times higher concentrations of exoprotein than did anaerobic cultures. however, total exoprotein secreted per unit of bacterial dry weight typically was 2.3 times greater for anaerobic cultures. as determined by sds-page, anaerobic cultures also produced a wider variety of exoproteins than did aerobic cultures. three exoenzymes, a staphylol ... | 1988 | 3076190 |
| lack of pleiotropic compensation in extracellular protein production by hypoproducing variants of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | the changes in bacterial density, total extracellular protein and activities of three extracellular enzymes were monitored during growth of wild-type staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus, a representative pleiotropic variant that produced decreased levels of the three extracellular enzymes, and a variant that produced only 5 of the 14 extracellular proteins secreted by the wild-type organism. both variants produced less total extracellular protein than did the parental organism. sds-pa ... | 1987 | 3309147 |
| a simple and generally applicable procedure for releasing dna from bacterial cells. | treatment of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus cells with acetone before digestion with lysozyme made the cells susceptible to lysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate. this technique was found to be useful for releasing dna from a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. | 1986 | 3524454 |
| cloning, sequence, and expression of the lysostaphin gene from staphylococcus simulans. | a 1.5-kilobase-pair fragment of dna that contains the lysostaphin gene from staphylococcus simulans and its flanking sequences has been cloned and completely sequenced. the gene encodes a preproenzyme of mr 42,000. the nh2-terminal sequence of the preproenzyme is composed of a signal peptide followed by seven tandem repeats of a 13-amino acid sequence. conversion of prolysostaphin to the mature enzyme occurs extracellularly in cultures of s. simulans and involves removal of the nh2-terminal port ... | 1987 | 3547405 |
| staphylococcus simulans septicemia in a patient with chronic osteomyelitis and pyarthrosis. | staphylococcus simulans was identified as the etiological agent of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in an adult male who had sustained a fracture of the fibula and syndesmosis separation which required the installation of orthopedic hardware. identifying characteristics and antibiograms for this organism, recovered from blood, wound exudate, and deep tissue samples, were determined. recent evidence has linked slime production (adherence to smooth surfaces) by coagulase-negative staphylococci t ... | 1985 | 3972995 |
| simple screening method for identification of nonpleiotropic mutants for exoenzyme production. | a differential medium that distinguishes between pleiotropic and nonpleiotropic mutants for exoenzyme production has been developed for staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. the medium will facilitate genetic analysis of exoenzyme production by this organism. generally useful strategies for increasing the sensitivity of indicator plates for detection of exoenzyme activities are presented. | 1985 | 4004249 |
| different staphylococcal species contain various numbers of penicillin-binding proteins ranging from four (staphylococcus aureus) to only one (staphylococcus hyicus). | the penicillin-binding proteins of a total of 25 staphylococcal strains belonging to five different species were analyzed. all strains of the same species showed an identical penicillin-binding protein pattern which clearly differed from that of strains of the other species. staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus intermedius, staphylococcus simulans, and the dolphin strains were found to contain two to four penicillin-binding proteins. strains of staphylococcus hyicus exhibited only one penicilli ... | 1985 | 4019416 |
| distribution of staphylococcal species on clinically healthy cats. | among 827 isolates derived from 113 clinically healthy cats, 12 species of staphylococci were identified. staphylococci were isolated from each cat and from 54.9% of the anatomic sites evaluated. a mode of 6 (range = 2 to 11) of the 11 anatomic sites evaluated per cat yielded staphylococci. a mode of 8 (range = 2 to 12) isolates were found per cat. staphylococcus simulans was the most isolated (43.9% of total) coagulase-negative species. moreover, s simulans was the most isolated species from ea ... | 1985 | 4051289 |
| resistance plasmids for inducible macrolide-lincosamide resistance in staphylococcus simulans and staphylococcus epidermidis. | localization and genetic nature of inducible macrolide resistance determinants in some coagulase negative staphylococci (cns) were studied and compared with those in staphylococcus aureus. an 1.7-megadalton r-plasmid, pei 1107, mediating inducible resistance to macrolides and lincosamides was present in part of staphylococcus simulans and staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated in the central hospital for infectious diseases. two other plasmids were harboured by s. simulans lk 6108 strain. o ... | 1985 | 4082898 |
| [drug susceptibility of staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens]. | eighty-eight strains of staphylococci were isolated from a variety of specimens collected from patients at our university hospital from june to august 1982. these strains were identified as staphylococcus aureus (86%), staphylococcus epidermidis (6.8%), staphylococcus haemolyticus (2.3%), staphylococcus capitis (2.3%), and staphylococcus simulans (1.1%). one strain could not be identified with certainty as a currently recognized species. a majority (70%) of the s. aureus strains was resistant to ... | 1985 | 4089343 |
| effects of amino acids and derivatives of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate on the production of three exoenzymes by staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | | 1982 | 6297487 |
| biochemical and physical properties of the endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases from staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus simulans, and staphylococcus saprophyticus. | biochemical and physical properties of the pure bacteriolytic enzymes excreted by three different staphylococcus species (s. aureus, s. simulans, and s. saprophyticus) were investigated. although the three enzymes have previously been shown to share the same specificity of action (endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase activity), their biochemical features clearly indicated that they were three different enzymes, confirming what had previously been suggested by the different lytic-activity patterns d ... | 1983 | 6420648 |
| identification and characterization of staphylococci isolated from cats. | staphylococcus simulans was found to be the most common staphylococcal species present on the healthy skin and in the nares of cats. s. aureus was the most frequent staphylococcus species in lesions. most of the s. aureus strains showed the characteristics of the human ecovar. other strains isolated formed a heterogenic collection in which not less than 13 species were represented. one of these, s. epidermidis, was almost exclusively associated with lesions. it was concluded that coagulase-posit ... | 1984 | 6474798 |
| chocolate agar, a differential medium for gram-positive cocci. | reactions incurred on chocolate agar by gram-positive cocci were correlated with species identity. darkening and clearing of the medium was usually associated with the species staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus simulans, and streptococcus faecalis. yellowing of chocolate agar was associated with alpha-hemolytic species of streptococcus. the study demonstrated that reactions occurring on chocolate agar are useful in identifying gram-positive cocci. | 1984 | 6490866 |
| identification, clinical distribution, and susceptibility to methicillin and 18 additional antibiotics of clinical staphylococcus isolates: nationwide investigation in italy. | a multicentric study of clinical staphylococcus isolates was performed by seven operative units working in different areas of italy. over a 6-month period, a total of 3,226 staphylococci, isolated from in- and outpatients, were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by a protocol agreed upon by all units. on the basis of their bacteriolytic-activity patterns and other conventional tests, the isolates were identified by lyogroups , which closely correlate with human staphylococcus ... | 1984 | 6565709 |
| recruitment of neutrophils by an encapsulated coagulase-negative strain of staphylococcus simulans in the mammary gland of the mouse. | the encapsulated coagulase-negative strain of staphylococcus simulans (strain 76) was inoculated into the mammary glands of lactating mice. in contrast to the coagulase-positive encapsulated staphylococcus aureus (strain m), which elicited a neutrophil response within 18 hr, strain 76 organisms multiplied in the glands but failed to elicit a neutrophil response for 3 days; they were then eliminated from the gland by 8 days. when strain 76 was inoculated into mice whose offspring had been removed ... | 1984 | 6593392 |
| choriogonadotropin-like antigen in a strain of streptococcus faecalis and a strain of staphylococcus simulans: detection, identification, and characterization. | the presence of choriogonadotropin- and alpha-subunit-like materials in two species of bacteria identified as staphylococcus simulans and streptococcus faecalis have been demonstrated by the indirect fluorescein-labeled and the indirect peroxidase-labeled immunocytochemical techniques, utilizing antiserum for human choriogonadotropin, for its alpha and beta-subunits and the bera-subunit cooh-terminal peptide. the bacteria were originally isolated from the urine of two patients with advanced form ... | 1981 | 6783540 |
| purification and characterization of three separate bacteriolytic enzymes excreted by staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus simulans, and staphylococcus saprophyticus. | as a further development of previous investigations showing that different staphylococcal species display different bacteriolytic activity patterns (lyogroups), the bacteriolytic enzymes excreted by three different staphylococcus species, staphylococcus aureus (lyogroup i), s. simulans (lyogroup ii), and s. saprophyticus (lyogroup iv); have been purified and characterized. a representative strain from each species was grown in a preselected medium made of fully dialyzable products. culture super ... | 1982 | 6807958 |
| characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci from urinary tract specimens. | species of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from urine specimens submitted from both inpatients and outpatients to the clinical microbiology laboratory of a teaching hospital were identified with a biotyping system, with species then correlated by clinical features and antimicrobial susceptibility. of 145 isolates, 102 (70%) were staphylococcus epidermidis, 24 (17%) were staphylococcus saprophyticus, 7 (4.7%) were staphylococcus haemolyticus, 4 (2.8%) were staphylococcus hominis, 3 (2.1 ... | 1983 | 6833480 |
| immunochemical analysis of the teichoic acid from staphylococcus simulans. | the wall teichoic acid of staphylococcus simulans has been characterized as a glycerol phosphate polymer with glycosidically linked n-acetylglucosamine. susceptibility to beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase and serological similarity to poly c beta from staphylococcus saprophyticus, showed that the amino sugar is in the beta-configuration. | 1980 | 7004077 |
| encapsulated, coagulase-negative strain of staphylococcus simulans. | an encapsulated strain of staphylococcus simulans (strain 76) isolated from a clinical case of bovine mastitis was demonstrated by the india ink technique, using both a light microscope and an electron microscope. the strain failed to kill mice after intraperitoneal inoculation but resisted ingestion by peritoneal phagocytic cells. the behavior of the strain helps to delineate the antiphagocytic role of the capsule. | 1981 | 7263067 |
| a polypeptide antigen from a strain of staphylococcus simulans. 1. purification and some chemical data. | a polypeptide antigen isolated from staphylococcus simulans was shown mainly to contain alanine and aspartic acid in a molar ratio of 3:1. the circular dichroism spectre showed only positive ellipticities, and oxidation by d-amino acid oxidase showed the presence of d-alanine. 65 per cent of the alanine was present as the d-isomer as estimated by gas-liquid chromatography. analytical ultracentrifugation showed that the polymer sedimented as a homogeneous peak with an s20, w value of 2.8. | 1981 | 7315344 |
| a polypeptide antigen from a strain of staphylococcus simulans. 2. antigenic and biological properties. | a purified polypeptide antigen from staphylococcus simulans ccm 2705 produced one precipitation line by double diffusion in agar with rabbit antiserum against homologous whole bacteria. the purified antigen did not induce antibody production in rabbits. however, when the antigen was complexed with methylated bovine serum albumin, antibodies with specificity against the polypeptide were produced. the antigen did not sensitize normal or tanned erythrocytes for agglutination in antiserum. the polyp ... | 1981 | 7315345 |
| identification of a toxr-activated gene, tage, that lies within the accessory colonization factor gene cluster of vibrio cholerae o395. | the nucleotide (nt) sequence has been determined for a vibrio cholerae toxr-activated gene designated tage that is located within a cluster of genes required for efficient intestinal colonization. the tage gene encompasses 909 nt and is predicted to encode a 303-amino-acid (aa) protein with an estimated molecular mass of 34,468 da. computer-assisted similarity searches revealed that tage possesses aa sequence similarity with escherichia coli orfu and staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin, two prot ... | 1994 | 7523253 |
| the lysostaphin endopeptidase resistance gene (epr) specifies modification of peptidoglycan cross bridges in staphylococcus simulans and staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus produces an extracellular glycylglycine endopeptidase (lysostaphin) that lyses other staphylococci by hydrolyzing the cross bridges in their cell wall peptidoglycans. the genes for endopeptidase (end) and endopeptidase resistance (epr) reside on plasmid pack1. an 8.4-kb fragment containing end was cloned into shuttle vector pl150 and was then introduced into staphylococcus aureus rn4220. the recombinant s. aureus cells produced endopeptidase and wer ... | 1995 | 7747966 |
| mode of action of the lantibiotic mersacidin: inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis via a novel mechanism? | mersacidin is an antibiotic peptide produced by bacillus sp. strain hil y-85,54728 that belongs to the group of lantibiotics. its activity in vivo against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains compares with that of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin (s. chatterjee, d. k. chatterjee, r. h. jani, j. blumbach, b. n. ganguli, n. klesel, m. limbert, and g. seibert, j. antibiot. 45:839-845, 1992). incubation of staphylococcus simulans 22 with mersacidin resulted in the cessation of g ... | 1995 | 7793878 |
| distribution of coagulase-negative staphylococci, including the newly described species staphylococcus schleiferi, in nosocomial and community acquired urinary tract infections. | four hundred and four coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from 4905 urine specimens obtained from 4192 inpatients and outpatients. the distribution of the strains was as follows: 193 staphylococcus epidermidis (47.8%), 171 staphylococcus saprophyticus (42.3%), 29 staphylococcus haemolyticus (7.2%), 5 staphylococcus warneri (1.2%), 3 staphylococcus schleiferi (0.7%), 2 staphylococcus hominis (0.5%) and 1 staphylococcus simulans (0.2%). all three staphylococcus schleiferi strains were i ... | 1994 | 7889974 |
| characterization of the most frequently encountered staphylococcus sp. in cats. | ninety three staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens from cats were characterized and identified. because the biochemical characteristics of staphylococcus felis were very similar to those of staphylococcus simulans, results were submitted to numerical analysis and dna homology. forty-two isolates (45%) were identified as s. felis, and 4 isolates (4%) as s. simulans. the other species identified, in order of their frequency were, 12 staphylococcus aureus (13%), 9 staphylococcus intermediu ... | 1994 | 8042273 |
| extracellular proteolytic activation of bacteriolytic peptidoglycan hydrolases of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus secreted two bacteriolytic peptidoglycan hydrolases as proproteins that were activated as they were processed by an extracellular sulphydryl protease. this processing resulted in the production of multiple molecular-mass forms of each enzyme. cells from early exponential phase cultures were susceptible to lysis by the mature forms of each of the peptidoglycan hydrolases whereas stationary phase cells were resistant. thus secretion of these bacteriol ... | 1993 | 8102340 |
| some properties of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from cases of ovine mastitis. | of 41 coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates from cases of ovine mastitis, 80% were speciated by the 'api-staph system' and 90% by a combination of biochemical tests. staphylococcus simulans and staph. xylosus were the two most prevalent species. | 1994 | 8119356 |
| pubic osteomyelitis caused by staphylococcus simulans. | | 1993 | 8121867 |
| expression of the lysostaphin gene of staphylococcus simulans in a eukaryotic system. | the lysostaphin gene of staphylococcus simulans was cloned into escherichia coli. the 5' end of the gene was modified to include a eukaryotic start codon, the kozak expression start site consensus sequence, and an enzyme site to facilitate manipulation of the gene. transcription of the modified gene in vitro yielded an rna transcript which, when added to a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free translation system, directed the synthesis of several products. the largest product, migrating at approximately ... | 1994 | 8161174 |
| use of liposome-immunopotentiated exopolysaccharide as a component of an ovine mastitis staphylococcal vaccine. | experiments on the development of a vaccine against staphylococcal mastitis were carried out in ewes. the vaccine (spanish patent no. 9200223) has the following components: (i) inactivated (formalinized) bacteria (staphylococcus aureus and a coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. staphylococcus simulans) and s. aureus toxoid in presence of an adjuvant (dextran sulfate, mw 500,000); and (ii) s. aureus exopolysaccharide included within liposomes. high serum antibody titres were obtained agains ... | 1994 | 8165857 |
| plasmid-encoded catalase of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus contains five plasmids designated pack1 through pack5. non-denaturing electrophoretic analysis of an extract prepared from wild-type cells revealed three bands of catalase activity, whereas an extract of cells cured of pack1 produced only two catalase bands. cloning and southern hybridization analysis showed that there is a catalase structural gene on pack1. the plasmid-specified catalase was the major activity produced under both aerobic and anaero ... | 1994 | 8181729 |
| oral crohn's disease and pyostomatitis vegetans. an unusual association. | oral features of crohn's disease include ulcers, lip fissuring, cobblestone plaques, angular cheilitis, polypoid lesions, and perioral erythema. pyostomatitis vegetans is a rare eruption of the oral mucosa characterized by tiny yellow pustules. it is considered a marker for inflammatory bowel disease. we describe a 45-year-old woman with a 6-month history of painful sores in her mouth, diarrhea, weight loss, and cutaneous lesions. oral examination revealed cobblestone plaques and indentation on ... | 1993 | 8426722 |
| efficient adsorption of lysostaphin on bacterial cells of lysostaphin-resistant staphylococcus aureus mutant. | a simple and efficient method for the purification of staphylolytic endopeptidase (lysostaphin) contained in culture supernatant of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus strain by adsorption of the enzyme on bacterial cells of lysostaphin-resistant s. aureus mutant was successfully devised. lysostaphin was sufficiently absorbed on the heat-killed mutant cells derived from s. aureus cowan i and efficiently eluted by 3 m kscn. enzyme preparation obtained by a single procedure of the affin ... | 1993 | 8474355 |
| syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis associated with infections: report of two cases. | two rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (siadh) during the course of infection are herein reported. one patient developed siadh during the course of a localized cutaneous herpes zoster infection while the other developed siadh in conjunction with staphylococcus simulans septicemia. we consider that the development of siadh was strongly associated with superimposed infections in the underlying ra. this is the first report discuss ... | 1996 | 8835600 |
| effects of the lantibiotic mersacidin on the morphology of staphylococci. | mersacidin is a lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotic (lantibiotic), able to inhibit the growth of a number of gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in a manner similar to, but distinct from, vancomycin. in order to further understand the mode of action of this lantibiotic, staphylococcus simulans 22 cells were treated either with the antibiotics penicillin, tunicamycin or vancomycin or with mersacidin and then compared with untreated cells after ... | 1996 | 8837393 |
| identification of micrococcaceae isolated from goat's milk and cheese in the poitou-charentes region. | one hundred and ninety strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci were isolated from goat's milk, whey and cheese at various stages of manufacture. sixteen different coagulase negative staphylococci (cns) species were recovered, 3 of which were predominant: staphylococcus simulans, staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus xylosus. the prevalent species were recovered at least at two different stages of cheese manufacturing, suggesting a better adaptation to the environment. after 15 days o ... | 1996 | 8854188 |
| target cell specificity of a bacteriocin molecule: a c-terminal signal directs lysostaphin to the cell wall of staphylococcus aureus. | microbial organisms secrete antibiotics that cause the selective destruction of specific target cells. although the mode of action is known for many antibiotics, the mechanisms by which these molecules are directed specifically to their target cells hitherto have not been described. staphylococcus simulans secretes lysostaphin, a bacteriolytic enzyme that cleaves staphylococcal peptidoglycans in general but that is directed specifically to staphylococcus aureus target cells. the sequence element ... | 1996 | 8890152 |
| methicillin-resistant staphylococcus simulans masquerading as mrsa in a nursing home. | | 1996 | 8971622 |
| prevalence and duration of intramammary infection in danish heifers during the peripartum period. | milk samples were collected from 180 heifers from 20 herds around parturition to study the prevalence and persistence of intramammary infection (imi). a total of 3382 quarter milk samples was collected each week from 4 wk before parturition to 4 wk after parturition. staphylococcus chromogenes, the most commonly found bacterial species before parturition, was isolated from 15% of all quarters. however, imi with staph. chromogenes decreased shortly after parturition to around 1% of quarters. infe ... | 1997 | 9058272 |
| studies on prolysostaphin processing and characterization of the lysostaphin immunity factor (lif) of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | lysostaphin is an extracellular glycylglycine endopeptidase produced by staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus atcc1362 that lyses staphylococcal cells by hydrolysing the polyglycine interpeptide bridges of the peptidoglycan. renewed analysis of the sequence of the lysostaphin gene (lss), and the sequencing of the amino-terminus of purified prolysostaphin and of mature lysostaphin revealed that lysostaphin is organized as a preproprotein of 493 amino acids (aa), with a signal peptide con ... | 1997 | 9106216 |
| molecular cloning, sequencing, and expression of lytm, a unique autolytic gene of staphylococcus aureus. | a gene encoding an autolytic activity was identified in an autolysis-deficient mutant (lyt-) of staphylococcus aureus which produces only a single band in autolytic-activity gels (n. mani, p. tobin, and r. k. jayaswal, j. bacteriol. 175:1493-1499, 1993). an open reading frame, designated lytm, of 948 bp that could encode a polypeptide of 316 amino acid residues was identified. the calculated molecular mass of the lytm gene product (34.4 kda) corresponded to that of the autolytic activity detecte ... | 1997 | 9171409 |
| characterization of the most frequently encountered staphylococcus sp. in the rumen of deer. | the total enumeration and biotyping of staphylococci isolated from the rumen content of deer is presented in this study. the total counts of staphylococcal isolates from deer reached 1.5 x 10(3) cfu/ml. of 960 colonies, 904 were taxonomically identified. coagulase-negative staphylococci mainly staphylococcus simulans and staph. xylosus were the most frequently isolated species, followed by staph. warneri, staph. lentus, staph. saprophyticus, staph. epidermidis and staph. hominis. moreover, the a ... | 1997 | 9313367 |
| identification of staphylococcal and streptococcal causes of bovine mastitis using 16s-23s rrna spacer regions. | bovine mastitis is caused mainly by certain staphylococcus and streptococcus species. the sequences of the 16s-23s rrna spacer regions were determined for the nine species which cause mastitis: staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus chromogenes, staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus hyicus, staphylococcus simulans, staphylococcus xylosus, streptococcus agalactiae, streptococcus dysgalactiae and streptococcus uberis. significant variation was found between the spacer sequences of different sp ... | 1997 | 9387227 |
| minimisation of microbial contamination for potential islet xenografts using specific pathogen-free pigs and a protected environment during tissue preparation. | one major risk of islet xenotransplantation is transmission of infections. we thus compared microbial contamination during preparation of islets from 4 pigs conventionally breeded and slaughtered or 8 specific pathogen free (spf) pigs, and different environmental conditions during pancreas excision. pancreas harvested in a slaughterhouse (for conventional pigs) or in a protected autopsy room (for spf pigs) were soaked in betadine solution and submitted to enzymatic digestion with collagenase. is ... | 1997 | 9496562 |
| in vivo presence of capsular polysaccharide in coagulase-negative staphylococci of ovine origin. | three strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci identified as staphilococcus warnery, staphylococcus simulans and staphylococcus haemolyticus were examine for evidence of capsular polysaccharide, in vitro by negative staining with india ink, and in vivo by transmission electron microscopy. in vitro, unstained materials surrounded clusters or single cocci. in vivo, capsula materials were surrounding phagocytosed bacteria cells. these capsular materials were either closely or loosely bound to ba ... | 1998 | 9497929 |
| isolation of coagulase-negative staphylococci from the milk and environment of sheep. | various species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (c-ns) are reported to be common in milk and on the teat skin of domestic ruminants. the commonest c-ns species in mastitic milk of cows varies between reports, with staphylococcus simulans (jarp, 1991) in one and staph. hyicus in another (watts & washburn, 1991). the teat skin of heifers may be colonized by staph. xylosus or staph. chromogenes, while staph. chromogenes and staph. warneri are reported as frequent isolates from teat canals and s ... | 1998 | 9513060 |
| [deamination of adenine and adenosine in staphylococci]. | deaminations of adenine and adenosine by pattern strains of 24 staphylococcal species, were tested. during 3 hours of incubation of the suspensions of 8 staphylococci with adenine the liberation of ammonia occurred. the same staphylococci accumulated ammonia in the incubation medium with adenosine. the staphylococcus intermedius pcm 2405 strain as opposite to the staphylococcus aureus 536 strain in the media with adenine or adenosine accumulated hypoxanthine or inosine, respectively and ammonia. ... | 1997 | 9554142 |
| regulation of agr-dependent virulence genes in staphylococcus aureus by rnaiii from coagulase-negative staphylococci. | many of the genes coding for extracellular toxins, enzymes, and cell surface proteins in staphylococcus aureus are regulated by a 510-nucleotide (nt) rna molecule, rnaiii. transcription of genes encoding secreted toxins and enzymes, including hla (alpha-toxin), saeb (enterotoxin b), tst (toxic shock syndrome toxin 1), and ssp (serine protease), is stimulated, while transcription of genes encoding cell surface proteins, like spa (protein a) and fnb (fibronectin binding proteins), is repressed. be ... | 1998 | 9620969 |
| lysostaphin treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus aortic valve endocarditis. | the emergence of clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin has prompted a search for new and novel therapeutic agents active against s. aureus. lysostaphin, a peptidase produced by staphylococcus simulans, specifically cleaves the glycine-glycine bonds unique to the interpeptide cross-bridge of the s. aureus cell wall. the effectiveness of various regimens of dosing with intravenous lysostaphin was compared to that of vancomycin in ... | 1998 | 9624475 |
| wall-associated processing of extracellular enzymes of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus produces a staphylolytic glycylglycine endopeptidase (lysostaphin) and a micrococcolytic endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase (hexosaminidase) as proenzymes that are proteolytically processed through multiple intermediates to their mature forms by an extracellular sulfhydryl protease. analysis of protease production by immunoblots using antiserum prepared against purified protease and by renaturing activity gels using gelatin as the substrate has revea ... | 1998 | 9711848 |
| plasmid profile and antibiotic resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from polluted water. | four different species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns) were isolated from polluted waters in fez, morocco and found to be staphylococcus simulans, staph. lenticus, staph. hyicus and staph. xylosus. eight isolates belonging to these four species were analysed for their plasmid content. southern blot hybridizations were performed to define the resistance determinants of the plasmids harboured by these species. these determinants were found to be carried mainly by class i staphylococcal p ... | 1998 | 9721646 |
| influence of lif, the lysostaphin immunity factor, on acceptors of surface proteins and cell wall sorting efficiency in staphylococcus carnosus. | proteins harboring a c-terminal cell wall sorting signal are covalently linked to pentaglycine acceptors within the staphylococcal peptidoglycan. this pentaglycine was modified when the lysostaphin immunity factor (lif) of staphylococcus simulans was expressed in staphylococcus carnosus, likely by the exchange of two glycine residues for serine residues. a reporter protein was efficiently linked to the modified acceptor, indicating that the sorting reaction is not strictly dependent on the wild- ... | 1998 | 9733703 |
| molecular characterization of the erythromycin resistance plasmid ppv142 from staphylococcus simulans. | the 2.5-kb erythromycin resistance (emr) plasmid ppv142 of staphylococcus simulans 13044 was isolated and characterized. sequence analysis identified orf1 and orf2 encoding a 158-residue replication protein (rep142) and a 244-residue erythromycin resistance protein (erm, rrna adenine n-6-methyltransferase), respectively. structural analysis and southern hybridization showed that the rep and ermm genes in ppv142 shared homology with the emr plasmid ppv141 (2.4 kb) of s. chromogenes 3688 and other ... | 1998 | 9742700 |
| role of lipid-bound peptidoglycan precursors in the formation of pores by nisin, epidermin and other lantibiotics. | it is generally assumed that type a lantibiotics primarily kill bacteria by permeabilization of the cytoplasmic membrane. as previous studies had demonstrated that nisin interacts with the membrane-bound peptidoglycan precursors lipid i and lipid ii, we presumed that this interaction could play a role in the pore formation process of lantibiotics. using a thin-layer chromatography system, we found that only nisin and epidermin, but not pep5, can form a complex with [14c]-lipid ii. lipid ii was t ... | 1998 | 9791177 |
| bacteria associated with clinical mastitis in dairy heifers. | a 1-yr field investigation of clinical mastitis in heifers was carried out in 24 veterinary districts in norway. quarter lacteal secretions from cases that occurred prepartum or within 14 d postpartum were examined bacteriologically. the study included 1040 heifers with clinical mastitis, and the total number of quarters that were clinically affected was 1361. the organisms that were most frequently isolated from samples from these quarters were staphylococcus aureus (44.3%), streptococcus dysga ... | 1999 | 10212457 |
| characterization of staphylococcus simulans strains isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. | this study was conducted to characterize staphylococcus simulans isolated from cases of bovine mastitis. a total of 134 isolates of s. simulans selected from 80 quarters from 61 cows or heifers in 37 different herds were characterized by ecori ribotyping. from 22 quarters two to seven consecutive isolates taken at weekly intervals were selected. furthermore, three isolates from clinical infections in humans and two reference strains were included. a total of 16 different ribotypes were found, ho ... | 1999 | 10227477 |
| the distribution of meca, mecr1 and meci and sequence analysis of meci and the mec promoter region in staphylococci expressing resistance to methicillin. | the presence and sequences of genes that regulate the expression of methicillin resistance was investigated in 42 isolates of staphylococcus aureus and 102 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci (cns). pcr was used to detect meca and the regulatory genes mecr1 and meci. in a selected group of isolates, the sequences of meci and the mec promoter region were also determined and compared with the sequences obtained from pre-mrsa strain n315. the genetic diversity of the collection was assesse ... | 1999 | 10381096 |
| glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase-encoding gene as a useful taxonomic tool for staphylococcus spp. | the gap gene of staphylococcus aureus, encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, was used as a target to amplify a 933-bp dna fragment by pcr with a pair of primers 26 and 25 nucleotides in length. pcr products, detected by agarose gel electrophoresis, were also amplified from 12 staphylococcus spp. analyzed previously. hybridization with an internal 279-bp dna fragment probe was positive in all pcr-positive samples. no pcr products were amplified when other gram-positive and gram-negat ... | 2000 | 11101563 |
| lysostaphin expression in mammary glands confers protection against staphylococcal infection in transgenic mice. | infection of the mammary gland, in addition to causing animal distress, is a major economic burden of the dairy industry. staphylococcus aureus is the major contagious mastitis pathogen, accounting for approximately 15-30% of infections, and has proved difficult to control using standard management practices. as a first step toward enhancing mastitis resistance of dairy animals, we report the generation of transgenic mice that secrete a potent anti-staphylococcal protein into milk. the protein, ... | 2001 | 11135555 |
| mechanism and suppression of lysostaphin resistance in oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | the potential for the development of resistance in oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (orsa) to lysostaphin, a glycylglycine endopeptidase produced by staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus, was examined in vitro and in an in vivo model of infection. following in vitro exposure of orsa to subinhibitory concentrations of lysostaphin, lysostaphin-resistant mutants were idenitifed among all isolates examined. resistance to lysostaphin was associated with a loss of resistance to beta- ... | 2001 | 11302806 |
| bacterial flora of the conjunctiva and nasal cavity in normal and diseased captive bustards. | a survey was carried out to describe the normal aerobic bacterial flora of the conjunctiva and nasal cavity of captive houbara bustards (chlamydotis undulata), kori bustards (ardeotis kori), and white-bellied bustards (eupodotis senegalensis) maintained at the national avian research center, abu dhabi, united arab emirates. a total of 58 samples were examined from the nasal cavity and 55 samples from the conjunctiva of healthy bustards. there was no bacterial growth in 45% of conjunctival sample ... | 2001 | 11417826 |
| cloning, expression, and purification of the staphylococcus simulans lysostaphin using the intein-chitin-binding domain (cbd) system. | the staphylococcus simulans gene encoding lysostaphin has been pcr amplified from prg5 recombinant plasmid (atcc 67076) and cloned into escherichia coli expression ptyb12 vector (impact-cn system, new england biolabs) which allows the overexpression of a target protein as a fusion to a self-cleavable affinity tag. the self-cleavage activity of the intein allows the release of the lysostaphin enzyme from the chitin-bound intein tag, resulting in a single-column purification of the target protein. ... | 2001 | 11483010 |
| vertebral osteomyelitis and prosthetic joint infection due to staphylococcus simulans. | staphylococcus simulans, a coagulase-negative staphylococcus, is a common animal pathogen that is rarely encountered in human infections. we describe a 70-year-old man who developed multifocal vertebral osteomyelitis and late prosthetic joint infection caused by this pathogen. the patient was a farmer who had daily contact with cows and drank unpasteurized milk, although the portal of the pathogen's entry remains speculative. culture of the vertebral disk biopsy specimen and cultures during rese ... | 2001 | 11605694 |
| biochemical and molecular characterization of staphylococcus simulans lipase. | staphylococcus simulans strain secretes a non-induced lipase in the culture medium. staphylococcus simulans lipase (ssl), purified to homogeneity, is a tetrameric protein (160 kda) corresponding to the association of four lipase molecules. the 30 n-terminal amino acid residues were sequenced. this sequence is identical to the one of staphylococcus aureus ps54 lipase (sal ps54) and exhibits a high degree of homology with staphylococcus aureus nctc8530 lipase (sal nctc8530), staphylococcus hyicus ... | 2001 | 11698108 |
| mode of action of the antimicrobial peptide aureocin a53 from staphylococcus aureus. | we investigated the mode of action of aureocin a53 on living bacterial cells and model membranes. aureocin a53 acted bactericidally against staphylococcus simulans 22, with >90% of the cells killed within a few minutes. cell death was followed by lysis, as indicated by a clearing of the cell suspension and gram staining. aureocin a53 rapidly dissipated the membrane potential and simultaneously stopped biosynthesis of dna, polysaccharides, and protein. aureocin a53 induced a rapid release of prea ... | 2002 | 12406714 |
| influence of pulsation rate on udder health and teat thickness changes in dairy ewes. | in this work on machine milking of ewes, pulsation rates of 120 and 180 cycles per min were compared, both with a pulsation ratio of 50:50 and a vacuum level of 36 kpa, comparing intramammary infection (imi), somatic cell count (scc) and teat end thickness changes. to this end, two groups of 20 manchega ewes were used in a crossover experimental design with two experimental periods of 24 d for each. bacterial exposure of all teats was increased by dipping them in a suspension of staphylococcus s ... | 2003 | 12647959 |
| purification and some properties of lysostaphin, a glycylglycine endopeptidase from the culture liquid of staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus. | this work presents a method for purification of lysostaphin, a glycylglycine endopeptidase, from the culture liquid of s. simulans biovar staphylolyticus to homogeneity in a few steps. the method includes ultrafiltration and ion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatographies. the enzyme was isolated in preparative amounts with the yield of 51%. some physical and chemical properties of the enzyme are described. | 2003 | 12693976 |
| microbial quality and direct pcr identification of lactic acid bacteria and nonpathogenic staphylococci from artisanal low-acid sausages. | detection of six species of lactic acid bacteria and six species of gram-positive catalase-positive cocci from low-acid fermented sausages (fuets and chorizos) was assessed by species-specific pcr. without enrichment, lactobacillus sakei and lactobacillus curvatus were detected in 11.8% of the samples, and lactobacillus plantarum and staphylococcus xylosus were detected in 17.6%. enriched samples allowed the detection of l. sakei and s. xylosus in all of the samples (100%) and of enterococcus fa ... | 2003 | 12902246 |
| novel plasmid-borne gene qacj mediates resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in equine staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus simulans, and staphylococcus intermedius. | we identified a novel plasmid-borne gene (designated qacj) encoding resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) in three staphylococcal species associated with chronic infections in four horses. qacj was located on a 2,650-bp plasmid (designated pnvh01), a new member of the pc194 family of rolling-circle replication plasmids. the 107-amino-acid protein, qacj, showed similarities to known proteins of the small multidrug resistance family: smr/qacc (72.5%), qacg (82.6%), and qach (73.4%). t ... | 2003 | 14506007 |
| expression of the genes for lysostaphin and lysostaphin resistance in streptococci. | to determine if the genes for lysostaphin endopeptidase (end) and lysostaphin resistance (epr) function in streptococci, we transferred these genes from staphylococcus simulans biovar staphylolyticus into two strains of streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus. the end-containing streptococci were able to produce and process proendopeptidase. strains containing epr were more resistant to lysis by the streptococcolytic enzyme zoocin a and amino acid analysis of the peptidoglycans of the epr-contai ... | 2003 | 14612246 |
| influence of vacuum level and overmilking on udder health and teat thickness changes in dairy ewes. | the effects of vacuum level and overmilking on udder health were studied in ewes. vacuum levels of 36 and 42 kpa were assigned to two groups of 23 manchega ewes in a crossover study design with two experimental periods of 5 wk for each. moreover, for each ewe, one teat was overmilked 1.5 to 2 min at all milkings during these 10 wk. the milking machine used had a midlevel milkline and pulsation was fixed at 180 cycles per min and a pulsation ratio of 50:50. bacterial exposure of all teats was inc ... | 2003 | 14740824 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa lasa protease in treatment of experimental staphylococcal keratitis. | lasa protease is a staphylolytic endopeptidase secreted by pseudomonas aeruginosa. we have examined the effectiveness of lasa protease in the treatment of staphylococcal keratitis caused by methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (mssa) and methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) isolates in a rabbit model. keratitis was induced by intrastromal injection of the bacteria. the eyes were treated topically, and the efficacy of lasa protease was compared to those of lysostaphin (a staphylolytic pr ... | 2004 | 15105121 |