| survey of helminth infections in maine dairy cattle. | the survey was done to determine the incidence and seasonal prevalence of the gastrointestinal helminths infecting maine dairy cattle. approximately equal groups of calves, heifers, and cows from 13 dairy farms, managerially and geographically representative of dairying in the state, were sampled at regular 2-month intervals over the period of a year. on the basis of fecal egg counts and identification of cultured larvae, the following results were obtained: of the 94 adult cows, 78 heifers, and ... | 1975 | 127538 |
| transcription of simian virus 40 dna by escherichia coli rna polymerase: synthesis of a dna-rna hybrid and discrete rnas under restrictive transcription conditions. | | 1975 | 167179 |
| a linkage study of rabbit serum high density lipoprotein (hdl) allotypes. | close linkage between the two allotypic systems of rabbit serum high density lipoprotein (hdl), hl 1 and r 67, has been confidently excluded, the recombination fraction being at least 0-20. no suggestion of linkage between either hdl allotype and the immunoglobulin allotypes a1a2a3/b4b9, or the red blood cell system (rbc) adf was obtained. close linkage was confidently excluded for the hl 1-adf, hl 1-a1a2a3, r 67-adf, r 67-a1a2a3, r 67-b4b9, a1a2a3-b4b9, and b4b9-adf relationships. | 1977 | 194985 |
| comparison of interferon action in interferon resistant and sensitive l1210 cells. | translation inhibition, leu-trna aminoacylation and double-stranded rna and atp dependent phosphorylation were examined in interferon-treated and control cell-free lysates of leukaemic mouse l 1210 r and l 1210 s cells. no differences were observed between the respective interferon-treated and control cell-free extracts, except for the presence of an enhanced 67k dalton phosphoprotein fraction in interferon-treated l 1210 s cell-free extracts. in non-responding cell-free lysates, the lack of sti ... | 1978 | 212514 |
| mucin-producing atypical bronchial carcinoid. | in a case of atypical mucin-producing bronchial carcinoid in a 40-year-old man covert metastases were present at the time of lobectomy and were revealed at necropsy--a feature highlighting the malignant potential of the atypical carcinoid. | 1978 | 219040 |
| hypothalamic-pituitary responses to intracranial self-stimulation in the rat. | the effects on pituitary and adrenal hormones of intracranial self-stimulation (iss) and forced stimulation in rewarding (ps) and non-rewarding (nss) sites were investigated in adult male rats. growth hormone (gh) was suppressed during periods of iss and ps and rose sharply to a peak within 15 min of cessation. the interval between gh secretory episodes was significantly shortened during all 3 types of stimulation when compared to the normal rhythmic discharge observed in freely behaving baselin ... | 1978 | 308836 |
| eosinophil chemotactic factor (ecf). iii. generation in human peripheral leukocytes. | eosinophil chemotactic factor (ecf) can be released from human peripheral leukocytes by an ige-anti-ige reaction, by the calcium ionophore a 23187 and during phagocytosis. supernatants and sonicates of unstimulated cells contain little or no ecf. on stimulation, however, ecf activity increases in the cells and even more so in the supernatants. this holds for purified neutrophils (pmns) as well as for basophil-containing mononuclear cell preparations. these findings contrast with those in lung ho ... | 1978 | 344230 |
| [laboratory experiments with a polyvalent extract vaccine for oral immunization against e. coli enteritis]. | bacteria of e. coli causing enteritis can be extracted by edta-sodium. these extracts having lower dry weights result in better protective effects in contrast to sodium-deoxycholate extracts. the edta-sodium extracts can be concentrated, purified and sterile filtrated. thus the production of polyvalent vaccines is possible. a direct relation exists between the effectiveness of the extracts and the virulence of the strains used for extraction. the more virulent the original strain the better is t ... | 1978 | 373349 |
| suppressor of deoxythmidine monophosphate uptake in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | although yeast cannot normally incorporate exogenous deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate (dtmp) into deoxyribonucleic acid, mutants able to do so have been isolated. we have characterized a recessive suppressor of dtmp uptake (sot1) that prevents strains carrying either tup1, tup2, or tup4 from growing on selective medium. the sot1 mutation maps between rad1 and the centromere of chromosome xvi, and is unlinked to any of the tup mutations. the sot1 mutation does not suppress the other pleiotropic ef ... | 1979 | 374400 |
| [autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 14c-piracetam in the simian brain]. | autoradiography of the brain of the monkey callithrix jacchus 2 and 6 h after oral application of 200 mg 14c-piracetam/kg (2-oxo-pyrrolidine-l-acetamide-2-14c) shows that the drug is preferably concentrated in the cortex of cerebrum and cerebellum. this specific affinity of piracetam which was observed earlier in dog and rat is thus confirmed in the primate and seems to be species independent. beside the dominant cortical concentration there is a characteristic storage of piracetam in many nucle ... | 1978 | 415743 |
| [the effect of substance p on smooth musculature of the gastrointestinal tract (proceedings)]. | | 1979 | 515151 |
| [contributions of thoracic surgery in the research institute for pulmonary diseases and tuberculosis since its founding and under the presence conditions in the treatment of specific and nonspecific lung diseases (author's transl)]. | thoracic surgery is done in the research institute for pulmonary diseases and tuberculosis for about 25 years. 2463 lung resections on account of tuberculosis, 934 lung resections on account of intrathoracic tumors, among them 795 suffering from bronchial carcinoma, 422 operations because of nonspecific pulmonary diseases (bronchiectasis, lung abscess a.s.o.) and nearly the same number of operations because of spontaneous pneumothorax were performed in this time. cystic lung disease, bullous emp ... | 1979 | 516807 |
| dna methylation: organ specific variations in the methylation pattern within and around ovalbumin and other chicken genes. | the restriction enzymes hhai and hpaii, whose activity is inhibited by cytosine methylation within their recognition sites, have been utilised as probes to study methylation in the vicinity of the ovalbumin gene in dna from various chicken tissues. this was complemented by a preliminary study of methylation in the regions of chicken ovotransferrin (conalbumin), ovomucoid and beta-globin genes. from our data we conclude that hai or hpaii sites can be divided in 3 classes according to their patter ... | 1979 | 523314 |
| plasma hemoglobin in rectal or intravenous hydrogen peroxide for extrapulmonary oxygenation. | | 1979 | 524918 |
| alteration of tissue zinc distribution and biochemical analysis of serum following pinealectomy in the rat. | eight weeks following pinealectomy in adult male wistar rats, zinc levels of various tissues were found to be significantly altered: zinc in thoracic aorta was significantly increased, and in serum, pituitary, adrenal, heart, lung, and body hair, it was decreased. serum biochemical analysis indicated that there was a significant elevation of cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase, sodium, urea, and creatinine in serum from pinealectomised rats. liver, spleen, and thymus weights were lower following p ... | 1979 | 544273 |
| the selective suppression of an antibody response to a given antigen. | | 1976 | 1084334 |
| alteration of colony-stimulating factor output, endotoxemia, and granulopoiesis in cyclic neutropenia. | cellular and humoral factors involved in the regulation of granulopoiesis were evaluated in two patients with cyclic neutropenia by utilizing the agar-gel marrow culture technique to serially study marrow granulocytic colony-forming capacity (cfc) and the urinary output of colony-stimulating factor (csf). csf output varied inversely with peripheral neutrophil counts and directly with monocyte counts and evidence for infection (endotoxemia and/or staphylococcal abscesses). following autologous in ... | 1976 | 1087533 |
| femoral percutaneous catheterization in infants and small children for cerebral angiography. | an improved technique of selective cerebral angiography for infants and small chicken is described. the needle is inserted approximately 45 degrees to the skin in order to avoid subintimal placement of the tip. after good backflow is established, the guidewire is advanced to a position in the descending aorta. a no. 3 polyethylene catheter and 21-gauge scalp vein needle were most successful. | 1975 | 1153751 |
| [repeated obtaining of dog peritoneal macrophages and their cultivation in vitro]. | | 1975 | 1214674 |
| human placental lactogen concentration during physiological fluctuations of serum glucose in normal pregnant and gestational diabetic women. | oral glucose tolerance tests (ogtt) were carried out in 9 normal pregnant women and 11 non-obese gestational diabetics in late pregnancy. all samples were analysed for the content of glucose, insulin and placental lactogen hormone (hpl). furthermore, spontaneous changes in the serum hpl concentration during a 3 h period were studied in 6 normal women in the 2nd half of pregnancy. during ogtt only small and insignificant changes in the level of hpl were observed in both the normal subjects and th ... | 1975 | 1242271 |
| attenuated, streptomycin-dependent salmonella typhi oral vaccine: potential deleterious effects of lyophilization. | four studies were done with streptomycin-dependent salmonella typhi as an oral, attenuated vaccine. studies 1 and 3 employed freshly harvested vaccine, whereas studies 2 and 4 involved lyophilized vaccine. five to eight doses (3 x 10(10)-10(11) organisms/dose) were given; oral streptomycin (1.0 g) was administered concomitantly in studies 2 and 3, with only two of the doses of vaccine in study 1, and was not given in study 4. no adverse reactions were encountered in 179 vaccinated men, and 94% o ... | 1976 | 1262709 |
| the na+/glucose cotransporter (sglt1). | an important class of na+ transport proteins is the cotransporters. they exist in bacteria and animal cells and are responsible for the "active" accumulation of sugars, amino acids, carboxylic acids and some ions, e.g., i-, cl-, and po-4, in cells. in the small intestine and renal proximal tubule the cotransporters play an important role in the transport of salt and water across the epithelia. the most well known and best characterized na+ cotransporter is the intestinal brush border na+/glucose ... | 1992 | 1449065 |
| polyol pathway-mediated changes in cardiac muscle contractile properties: studies in streptozotocin-diabetic and galactose-fed rats. | contractile properties of left ventricular papillary muscles and atria from streptozotocin-diabetic and from non-diabetic rats fed a 40% galactose diet were measured in vitro. there was a characteristic slowing of twitch responses for both tissues and both treatments (p < 0.05). time to peak contraction was prolonged by 18-33% and maximum rate of contraction was reduced by 10-17%. relaxation was also affected, with a 13-37% increase in half-relaxation time and a 7-25% reduction in the maximum ra ... | 1992 | 1489541 |
| activation of solubilized g-proteins by muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. | binding of gtp and its analogue, guanosine 5'-o-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (gtp[s]) to g-proteins, and release of gtp[s] from g-proteins are stimulated by muscarinic acetylcholine (mach) receptors in intact cardiac membranes. upon solubilization of receptors and g-proteins by membrane extraction with the detergent, 3-[(cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulphonate, followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, agonist-liganded mach receptors stimulated binding of gtp[s] and hydrolysi ... | 1992 | 1489667 |
| acupuncture analgesia. | acupuncture-produced surgical analgesia has been demonstrated in a wide variety of species under experimental and clinical circumstances. the main advantage is that no depressant drugs need to be used. the disadvantages of its use are unfamiliarity, the need for special equipment, inconsistent effects, and lack of restraint. | 1992 | 1533972 |
| diagnosis of sickle cell disease in chronically transfused patients. | standard electrophoretic methods for the diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies are confounded in individuals chronically transfused. we present the accurate diagnosis of sickle cell disease in two such transfused patients by the application of polymerase chain reaction technology to analyze patient's hemoglobin beta-chain genes directly. | 1992 | 1550267 |
| inhibition of nitric oxide synthase blocks n-methyl-d-aspartate-, quisqualate-, kainate-, harmaline-, and pentylenetetrazole-dependent increases in cerebellar cyclic gmp in vivo. | the synthesis of nitric oxide by brain slices has been demonstrated in several laboratories. in addition, in vitro studies have demonstrated stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by excitatory amino acid receptor agonists. these data have led to the hypothesis that this readily diffusible "intercellular messenger molecule" acts to generate a cascade effect by activating guanylate cyclase in several cell types and thereby augment levels of the second messenger cyclic gmp (cgmp). therefore, we eva ... | 1990 | 1693947 |
| peptide regulation of adrenal medullary function. | the discovery of peptides in the splanchnic nerve and adrenal gland, and their co-existence with conventional neurotransmitters raises questions about their possible functional roles in catecholamine (ca) secretion and gene transcription in the adrenal gland. short-term, stress-induced ca secretion is regulated biphasically by substance p (sp) which inhibits acetylcholine (ach) action at sp greater than 10(-6) m and facilitates ca secretion in response to metabolic and physical stressors, ach or ... | 1990 | 1694230 |
| characterization of activation and deactivation pathways of 4-(n-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) in rat hepatocytes. | we have characterized the metabolism of 4-(n-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (nnk) in cultured rat hepatocytes and have established the relationship between various metabolic pathways and single-strand breaks (ssb) in dna. metabolism of [5-3h]-nnk by carbonyl reduction, alpha-carbon hydroxylation and pyridine n-oxidation was linear from 0.5 to 6 h with 0.25-2 x 10(6) hepatocytes. using an alkaline elution assay, we observed that nnk induces ssb in dna in a dose- and time-dependent m ... | 1991 | 1855907 |
| corticotropin-releasing hormone is a rapid and potent convulsant in the infant rat. | corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) administered into the cerebral ventricles of rats during the first postnatal week caused a specific and stereotyped behavior sequence: rhythmic chewing and licking (jaw myoclonus) were followed by 'limbic'-type seizures. the onset of the seizures was much more rapid (2-45 min vs 3-7 h) than in adult rats, and the convulsant doses were much lower (50 x 10(-12) mol per gram brain weight vs 750 x 10(-12) mol per gram brain weight in adults). crh potency in indu ... | 1991 | 1914160 |
| central nervous system involvement during infection by phlebovirus toscana of residents in natural foci in central italy (1977-1988). | central nervous system (cns) involvement was detected during infection caused by the sand fly-transmitted phlebovirus toscana. one hundred fifty-five cases of toscana virus-associated meningitis or meningoencephalitis were identified in a survey that lasted ten years, conducted in two regions of central italy. diagnosis was performed by different serologic tests. a combination of hemagglutination-inhibition and plaque-reduction neutralization or indirect immunofluorescence for igm, and enzyme-li ... | 1991 | 1951851 |
| p-glycoprotein and progesterone receptor in human breast cancer. | | 1990 | 1974809 |
| epidermal cytokines and their roles in cutaneous wound healing. | cytokines are small proteins or glycoproteins which are synthesized and secreted by a variety of cell types. through binding to specific receptors on target cells, these hormone-like products regulate many normal cell activities, including growth and differentiation, migration and immune functions. within the epidermis, keratinocytes are the major source of cytokines along with melanocytes and langerhans cells. in response to a variety of injurious stimuli, including ultraviolet irradiation and ... | 1991 | 2064935 |
| lack of pqq dependent glucose dehydrogenase apoenzyme in some acinetobacter spp. | seventy four asaccharolytic strains of acinotobacter were tested for the presence of pqq dependent glucose dehydrogenase apoenzyme. this apoenzyme could not be detected in any of five strains of acinetobacter haemolyticus; it was also lacking in one strain of each a. junii and a. lwoffi. | 1990 | 2176072 |
| hypoglycemia risk during exercise after intramuscular injection of insulin in thigh in iddm. | the influence of bicycle exercise (60% of w170 [working capacity at a pulse rate of 170 beats/min]; 40 min) on the absorption of 125i-labeled fast-acting insulin (10 u; actrapid human insulin) after intramuscular compared with subcutaneous injection in the thigh was studied on 2 consecutive days in 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) patients. insulin absorption was measured as disappearance of radioactivity (1st-order elimination rate constants) by continuous external monitoring and a ... | 1990 | 2190773 |
| structural specificity for biological activity of trichostatin a, a specific inhibitor of mammalian cell cycle with potent differentiation-inducing activity in friend leukemia cells. | biological activities of four chemically synthesized trichostatin-related compounds, (r)-trichostatin a, (s)-trichostatin a, (r)-trichostatic acid, and (s)-trichostatic acid, were investigated. assays of differentiation-inducing activity in friend leukemia cells and g2-arresting activity in the cell cycle of normal rat fibroblast cells were used as monitoring systems for comparing the bioactivities of these compounds. the results clearly showed that both of the enantiomers of trichostatic acid h ... | 1990 | 2211374 |
| [activity of neutral peptide hydrolases and oxidative enzymes in the myocardium and blood during hypoxic hypoxia]. | the citric cycle dehydrogenases and neutral peptide hydrolases (nph) activity was determined in the myocardium and blood serum of wistar rats under acute and prolonged hypoxic hypoxia. it was shown that the nph activity and the activity of the most oxidative enzymes change in the same direction during adaptation to the high-altitude conditions. the role of the nph in the oxidative metabolism reconstruction under acute and chronic hypoxia was discussed. | 1990 | 2238155 |
| [activity of neutral peptide hydrolases and oxidative enzymes in the myocardium and blood during hypoxic hypoxia]. | the citric cycle dehydrogenases and neutral peptide hydrolases (nph) activity was determined in the myocardium and blood serum of wistar rats under acute and prolonged hypoxic hypoxia. it was shown that the nph activity and the activity of the most oxidative enzymes change in the same direction during adaptation to the high-altitude conditions. the role of the nph in the oxidative metabolism reconstruction under acute and chronic hypoxia was discussed. | 1990 | 2238155 |
| antibiotic therapy for bacillus species infections. | we reviewed 36 cases of culture-proven bacillus species ocular infections occurring between september 1974 and december 1989. kirby-bauer disk sensitivities were available in 34 of the 36 cases (95%). all bacillus species isolates were sensitive to the aminoglycoside antibiotics (n = 34) and to vancomycin hydrochloride (n = 32); resistance to clindamycin was found in four of 18 (22%) of tested isolates. although b. cereus was uniformly sensitive to these antibiotics, resistance to clindamycin oc ... | 1990 | 2248335 |
| vibrios associated with red tides caused by mesodinium rubrum. | vibrios were isolated from red tides caused by mesodinium rubrum and also throughout the year in the ria de pontevedra, spain. the isolates were grouped into 14 phena by numerical toxonomy. strains associated with red tides were restricted to four phena: phena i and ii were vibrio alginolyticus, and phena iii and iv were vibrio tubiashii and vibrio anguillarum, respectively. v. anguillarum-like strains (phena v through xi) predominated throughout the year outside the red tide areas. cytotoxicity ... | 1990 | 2268167 |
| identification of type i iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase as a selenoenzyme. | a 27.8 kda membrane selenoprotein was previously identified in rat thyroid, liver and kidney, the tissues with the highest activities of type i iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase. this membrane enzyme catalyzes the deiodination of l-thyroxine to the biologically active thyroid hormone 3,3',5-triiodothyronine. a decrease in the activity of this enzyme, observed here in the liver of selenium-deficient rats, was found to be due to the absence of a selenium-dependent membrane-bound component. by chemical a ... | 1990 | 2268318 |
| antibodies against the light chain of tetanus toxin in human sera. | tetanus toxoid elicits protective antibodies against tetanus toxin in humans and animals. it has been reported that antitoxin from immunized humans contains no anti-light chain antibodies, based on immunodiffusion and quantitative precipitin analyses. we confirmed the absence of precipitating anti-light chain antibodies in tetanus immune globulin. however, the presence of antibodies against the light chain of the toxin was shown by direct binding and inhibition analyses, using enzyme-linked immu ... | 1985 | 2409006 |
| spatial patterns produced by a reaction-diffusion system in primary hair follicles. | this paper is the third in a series examining the role of a reaction-diffusion (rd) system as the principal mechanism providing spatial information for cell differentiation during hair follicle initiation and development and hair fibre formation. a theoretical mechanism is described by which the rd system supplies positional information during hair follicle development. solutions of the rd system within the primordial follicle are described as well as the sequence of spatial patterns provides th ... | 1985 | 2412073 |
| relationship of myocardial metabolism and coronary flow: dependence on extracellular calcium. | the hypothesis that extracellular [ca2+] ([ca2+]e) influences the transmission of vasoregulatory information from the heart to coronary smooth muscle was examined. the isolated, retrogradely perfused rat heart was used to evaluate vascular reactivity to transient infusion of either 0.88 mm amytal (amobarbital), hypoxia (95% n2-5% co2), or 12 microm adenosine in the presence and absence of 2.5 microm verapamil. amytal alone enhanced coronary flow by 78% and lactate efflux by 10-fold, whereas it d ... | 1987 | 2446512 |
| some physico-chemical properties of the rigid form of the sendai virus nucleocapsid. | the effect of some dissociation agents (sds, beta-mercaptoethanol, urea, edta) on the rigid form of the sendai virus nucleocapsid was studied. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of lytic mixture (1% sds, 2% beta-mercaptoethanol, 5 m urea, for 2 min at 100 degrees c) revealed two types of polypeptide subunits (mol. wts. 46,000 and 14,000), as well as the dissociation in the presence of 0.1% sds only. the edta treatment leads to a disorganization of the protein part (10(-2) m) or o ... | 1989 | 2556836 |
| effects of gestational exposure to phencyclidine: distribution and neurochemical alterations in maternal and fetal brain. | phencyclidine is a widely used drug of abuse and is known to produce a wide variety of psychoactive effects. pcp abuse by pregnant women has been reported to result in the birth of infants exhibiting irritability, jitteriness and hyperactivity with high pitched cries. the present study was designed to evaluate the distribution of pcp in the maternal and fetal brain and the neurochemical effects produced by gestational exposure. pregnant sprague-dawley rats were treated sc with 5 mg/kg pcp on 3 c ... | 1989 | 2576301 |
| serum igg level against streptococcus mutans in subjects with caries experience. | serum igg level against streptococcus mutans serotype c was studied in 33 subjects, in relation to dental caries, oral hygiene and age. the activity of the serum igg against the sonicated antigens of the bacterium was evaluated by micro-elisa. the serum igg titer to s. mutans was significantly higher in the subjects with no detectable carious lesions than in the subjects with active caries (p less than 0.05). however, there was no clear difference between the serum igg antibody to s. mutans and ... | 1989 | 2632131 |
| serum igg level against streptococcus mutans in subjects with caries experience. | serum igg level against streptococcus mutans serotype c was studied in 33 subjects, in relation to dental caries, oral hygiene and age. the activity of the serum igg against the sonicated antigens of the bacterium was evaluated by micro-elisa. the serum igg titer to s. mutans was significantly higher in the subjects with no detectable carious lesions than in the subjects with active caries (p less than 0.05). however, there was no clear difference between the serum igg antibody to s. mutans and ... | 1989 | 2632131 |
| study of cell kinetics in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma transplanted to nude mice. | the cell kinetics of the transplantable human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were studied in athymic nude mice using bromodeoxyuridine (brdu) pulse labeling. in order to estimate the cell cycle time in this study, the percent labeled mitosis curve was prepared with immunoperoxidase staining using monoclonal antibody to brdu instead of 3[h]thymidine autoradiography. this technique was considered to be very useful because it can be done for a short term and can still be changed to the autoradiograph ... | 1989 | 2654483 |
| [synthetic cephalosporins. v. synthesis and antibacterial activity of 3-alkylthio-7 beta-[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(o-substituted oxyimino)acetamido]cephalosporins and related compounds]. | 3-alkylthio-7 beta-[(z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(o-substituted oxyimino)acetamido]cephalosporins (6 and 7) and the 3-methoxy analogues (10) were prepared by coupling diphenylmethyl 7-amino-3-alkylthio-3-cephem-4-carboxylate (1 and 2) or diphenylmethyl 7-amino-3-methoxy-3-cephem-4-carboxylate with (z)-2-(2-tritylaminothiazol-4-yl)-2-(o-substituted oxyimino)acetic acid (4), followed by deprotection and subjected to examination of antibacterial activities. the pivaloyloxymethyl esters (8 and 9) o ... | 1989 | 2698417 |
| san people (bushmen) from the central kalahari desert found free of antibodies to hiv-1 and hiv-2. | | 1989 | 2754614 |
| tamoxifen decreases the estradiol induced progesterone receptors by interfering with nuclear estrogen receptor accumulation. | the retention time of the estrogen receptor in the nucleus of target cells after antiestrogen treatment has been shown to be longer than after estradiol. this paper describes the accumulation of nuclear estrogen receptors and the obtention of estrogenic responses (i.e. synthesis of cytosolic progesterone receptors and dna) in the rat uterus after tamoxifen treatment in the presence or absence of estradiol. one-week ovariectomized adult rats were implanted with a silicone elastomer capsule contai ... | 1989 | 2761261 |
| decreased 3 alpha-androstanediol glucuronide levels in plasma and random urines in male pseudohermaphroditism caused by 5 alpha-reductase deficiency. | concentrations of 3 alpha-diol glucuronide (3 alpha-diol g) in plasma and/or random urine samples were determined in seven subjects with familial male pseudohermaphroditism (fmp) due to 5 alpha-reductase deficiency (5 alpha-rd). all subjects were natives of an isolated turkish village with a high incidence of consanguineous marriage. a specific and sensitive antibody to 3 alpha-diol was used for radioimmunoassay of 3 alpha-diol g after hydrolysis and chromatographic purification. the mean plasma ... | 1989 | 2770532 |
| amniotic oxytocin and vasopressin in relation to human fetal development and labour. | previous experiments in rats revealed increased amniotic oxytocin (oxt) levels in the course of normal development and increased vasopressin (avp) levels in retarded fetal growth. in order to see whether similar changes would also occur in human, oxt and avp levels were determined in amniotic fluid, maternal and fetal plasma before or during labour. positive correlations were found between umbilical avp levels on the one hand and gestation length, birth weight, placental weight and brain size on ... | 1989 | 2806154 |
| amniotic oxytocin and vasopressin in relation to human fetal development and labour. | previous experiments in rats revealed increased amniotic oxytocin (oxt) levels in the course of normal development and increased vasopressin (avp) levels in retarded fetal growth. in order to see whether similar changes would also occur in human, oxt and avp levels were determined in amniotic fluid, maternal and fetal plasma before or during labour. positive correlations were found between umbilical avp levels on the one hand and gestation length, birth weight, placental weight and brain size on ... | 1989 | 2806154 |
| onset of steroidogenesis and differentiation of functional lh receptors in rat fetal testicular cultures. | the present study was performed to investigate in vitro the onset of steroidogenesis and the responsiveness to lh in rat fetal testes. the male gonads explanted on days 12.5, 13.5, and 14.5 of gestation in m199 produced testosterone from 15.5 days as is the case in vivo dcamp (1 mm) induced an anticipated steroidogenesis on day 14.5 with secretions of testosterone (0.026 +/- 0.003 ng/gonad/24 h) and progesterone (0.078 +/- 0.005 ng/gonad/24 h), whereas lh (100 ng/ml) has no effect. antiandrogens ... | 1987 | 2823733 |
| light-induced charge separation in photosystem i at low temperature is not influenced by vitamin k-1. | the photoreduction of iron-sulfur centers was studied at low temperature in photosystem i particles from spinach and the cyanobacterium synechocystis 6803, which contain various amounts of vitamin k-1 (recently tentatively identified as the acceptor a1). the irreversible charge separation that was progressively induced at low temperature between p-700 and fa (or fb) by successive laser flashes was studied at 15 k. its maximum amount after a large number of flashes was shown to be fairly independ ... | 1987 | 2823891 |
| monoclonal antibody ery-1 identifies an antigen in erythroid cells, hepatocellular and renal cell carcinomas. | we have identified a monoclonal antibody (ery-1), which reacts with erythrocytes, erythroid precursor cells, and with embryonal yolk sac, and normal liver and kidney. the antibody also decorates the neoplastic cells of hepatocellular, renal, and yolk sac carcinomas. no reactivity was seen in a variety of other epithelial or mesenchymal neoplasms. it is possible that ery-1 recognizes an erythropoiesis-associated antigen present in yolk sac, kidney, liver, and bone marrow, all of which are involve ... | 1988 | 2829493 |
| involvement of the membrane skeleton in the regulation of the camp-independent protein kinase and a protein phosphatase that control protein synthesis. | | 1987 | 2832271 |
| synthesis and characterization of a radiolabelled derivative of the phencyclidine/n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor ligand (+) mk-801 with high specific radioactivity. | a [3h]-labelled derivative of the drug (+)mk-801 with a high specific radioactivity was synthesized by first preparing a tribromo derivative of (+)mk-801 followed by catalytic reduction in the presence of [3h]-gas and subsequent purification of the radioactive product by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). this resulted in pure (+) [3h]mk-801 with a specific radioactivity of 97 ci/mmol. the (+) [3h]mk-801 was shown to interact with high affinity and selectivity with ... | 1988 | 2845205 |
| naloxone attenuation of sham feeding is modified by manipulation of sucrose concentration. | the time course of sucrose (5, 10 and 20%; w/v) sham feeding was monitored in one hour tests. intake levels increased as a function of concentration. naloxone (1.25 mg/kg, ip) attenuated the sham feeding of 10% sucrose solution in gastric fistulated rats, without affecting initial intake rates. furthermore, after naloxone the intake pattern of 10% sucrose was identical to that for 5% sucrose in untreated rats. in a second test, substitution of 10% sucrose by a 20% solution after 15 min of sham f ... | 1988 | 2853384 |
| dose-dependent effect of calcium and magnesium etidronate on salicylic acid absorption in the rat. | disodium etidronate affected salicylic acid absorption from the rat small intestine, in-situ, when instilled into a jejunal segment for different exposure times before the salicylic acid absorption was measured. at low etidronate concentrations and short exposure times, the salicylic acid absorption rate was significantly increased compared with saline controls. at high etidronate concentrations and longer exposure times, the absorption rate was reduced. etidronate precomplexed with calcium or m ... | 1985 | 2862271 |
| beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of calcium ionophore activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes. | beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of calcium-mediated stimulus-response coupling was studied using calcium ionophore (a23187) activation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl). oxygen metabolite generation was measured with luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence in both whole blood and isolated pmnl. isoprenaline reduced pmnl response by 53% in a dose-dependent fashion. the effect was saturable, stereoselective, antagonized by propranolol and significant at isoprenaline concentra ... | 1986 | 2873859 |
| beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of calcium ionophore activated polymorphonuclear leucocytes. | beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of calcium-mediated stimulus-response coupling was studied using calcium ionophore (a23187) activation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl). oxygen metabolite generation was measured with luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence in both whole blood and isolated pmnl. isoprenaline reduced pmnl response by 53% in a dose-dependent fashion. the effect was saturable, stereoselective, antagonized by propranolol and significant at isoprenaline concentra ... | 1986 | 2873859 |
| enzymes of catecholamine metabolism in the brains of rat strains differing in their preference for or tolerance of ethanol. | the activities of the catecholamine-synthesizing and inactivating enzymes were determined in whole brains of two pairs of rat strains differing in their genetically-determined behavioural responses to ethanol. the alcohol-tolerant (at) rats did not show any significant differences in enzyme activities when compared with the non-tolerant (ant) strain. the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase was found to be significantly higher in brains of the alcohol-preferring (aa) rats, than in those of the alcoh ... | 1986 | 2874817 |
| a new glucocorticoid receptor detected in host rat liver but not in various hepatomas. | previously a new glucocorticoid receptor (peak c), which eluted with 0.12 to 0.14 m nacl from deae-cellulose column, was identified in addition to another receptor (peak b), a classic type of glucocorticoid receptor, which eluted with 0.05 to 0.08 m nacl. peak c appeared after stress or injection of a high dose (20 micrograms/100 g body weight) of dexamethasone into rats. peak c was also detected in the liver of rats bearing various tumors, but it was not found in malignant tumors (yoshida sarco ... | 1987 | 2885083 |
| a dot immunobinding assay (dia) on nitrocellulose membrane for the serological detection of antibodies to entamoeba histolytica. | a rapid, cheap, simple and specific serological test of adequate sensitivity for detecting igg antibodies against entamoeba histolytica antigen is described. axenically cultured amoebic antigen was used to precoat the nitrocellulose membrane. the strips were incubated with test samples and later with horseradish peroxidase (hrpo) labelled protein-a conjugate. a dark blue spot was obtained by treatment with peroxidase substrate, 4-chloro-1-naphthol, in positive samples. serum samples from 32 heal ... | 1986 | 2885949 |
| redifferentiation and subsequent dedifferentiation of the livers of roosters resulting from acute estrogen challenges. | 1. histologic and metabolic changes take place in livers of rooster receiving challenges consisting of acute doses of estrone. 2. during initial growth and redifferentiation livers rapidly increase in size by division of hepatocytes within most lobules, changing from cordlike to acinar configurations. 3. no new lobules appear and degeneration of some cells within lobules takes place even as cell divisions predominate. 4. cells within lobules assume secretory features. 5. vitellogenins, very low ... | 1987 | 2887384 |
| effects of almitrine on respiration in unanesthetized newborn rabbits. | we previously demonstrated that almitrine, a peripheral chemoreceptor stimulant, increased tidal volume (vt), expired minute ventilation (ve), and respiratory frequency (f) and decreased inspiratory (ti) and expiratory time (te) in sleeping adult cats. we now hypothesized that almitrine would induce an increase in ventilation in a young animal model. respiration was studied by the barometric method in 11 unanesthetized new zealand white rabbit pups between 3 and 6 days of age. recordings were ma ... | 1988 | 2897355 |
| use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) to distinguish between nematodes of pathogenic significance. | the availability of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) would be useful for studying the extent of diversity among morphologically indistinguishable populations of filarial parasites. such polymorphisms may be useful in correlating various physiological and clinical differences with parasite heterogeneity. in order to identify such rflps, we isolated dna from microfilaria of 6 filarial species (acanthocheilonema viteae, brugia malayi, brugia pahangi, dirofilaria immitis, litomosoid ... | 1988 | 2897655 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphisms detected by anonymous dna probes mapped to defined intervals of human chromosome 16. | three anonymous dna probes ach207, ach224, and ach202, isolated from a flow-purified chromosome 16 library and mapped to defined intervals of human chromosome 16, detected restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps). the rflps were of simple two allele types. the ach207 (d16s4) probe detected a taqi and an mspi rflp with polymorphism information content (pic) values of 0.30 and 0.27; the ach224 (d16s5) probe detected an rsai rflp, pic value of 0.34; and the ach202 (d16s4) probe detected an ... | 1988 | 2900214 |
| periodontal changes after experimentally induced intrusion of the upper incisors in macaca fuscata monkeys. | we are studying the biologic aspects of vertical movement of teeth, which are often used in orthodontic treatment involving variations in alveolar tissue. in the present study, the four upper incisors of five infant macaca fuscata monkeys were intruded vertically from 1.1 to 5.5 mm. the following effects were examined: (1) movement of the gingiva, (2) change in the depth of the gingival sulcus, and (3) microscopic effects on the alveolar tissue. the results were as follows. (1) the gingiva moved ... | 1989 | 2916468 |
| [seasonal changes in the count of mites of the family pyroglyphidae in houses in the city of cheboksary]. | the results of human dwelling houses surveying for the presence of home dust mites and study of seasonal changes of their quantity in the town of cheboksary are given. it has been found that the old wooden houses are inhabited by mites, in modern blocks of flats they are met rather seldom. the quantity of alive mites is maximum in september-october. the common number of mites is the greatest in december-january although the quantity of alive mites at this time is only 6.8%. | 1986 | 2939887 |
| human milk-derived lactoferrin inhibits mitogen and alloantigen induced human lymphocyte proliferation. | purified lactoferrin (lf), isolated from human milk, was tested for its effect on human t-lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin (pha) and to alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte culture. lf inhibited proliferation in both assays in a dose-dependent manner. the suppressive effect was not due to lf mediated cytotoxicity since washing cells that had been pre-incubated with lf restored their proliferative activity. lf was most effective in suppressing the pha response when added withi ... | 1987 | 2963123 |
| a monoclonal antibody raised to corpus callosum extract reacts with 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase. | monoclonal antibody against 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase (cnp) was generated by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with delipidated white matter from rat corpus callosum. the antibody was characterized by solid-phase radioimmunoassay, immunoblot of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), immunoprecipitation from c6 glioma cells, and indirect immunofluorescence staining of monolayer cultures containing oligodendrocy ... | 1986 | 2999339 |
| increased sensitivity of fat cell adenylate cyclase to stimulatory agonists during fasting is not related to impaired inhibitory coupling system. | in rat adipocytes, inhibition of the forskolin-stimulated cyclic amp response by nicotinic acid and n6-phenylisopropyladenosine was unaltered by a 72 h fasting. under assay conditions favouring inhibition, basal and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase responses to inhibition by gtp and nicotinic acid were also unimpaired by fasting. under the same conditions, however, low gtp concentrations elicited a clear activatory effect in membranes from fasted but not from fed rats. fasting failed to al ... | 1986 | 3013688 |
| increased sensitivity of fat cell adenylate cyclase to stimulatory agonists during fasting is not related to impaired inhibitory coupling system. | in rat adipocytes, inhibition of the forskolin-stimulated cyclic amp response by nicotinic acid and n6-phenylisopropyladenosine was unaltered by a 72 h fasting. under assay conditions favouring inhibition, basal and forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase responses to inhibition by gtp and nicotinic acid were also unimpaired by fasting. under the same conditions, however, low gtp concentrations elicited a clear activatory effect in membranes from fasted but not from fed rats. fasting failed to al ... | 1986 | 3013688 |
| calmodulin-mediated cadmium inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity, in vitro. | ion-stripped bovine brain calmodulin (cam) binds 4 moles cd2+ as well as 4 moles ca2+ per mole protein, with similar affinity; in the presence of 1 mm mg2+ the molar binding ratio of cam for ca2+ decreased to 3, the apparent k0.5 for ca2+ nearly doubled, but the binding characteristics of cam for cd2+ were not changed. saturating concentrations ca2+ did not affect the molar binding ratio of cam for cd2+, but increased the apparent k0.5 for cd2+; vice versa, saturating concentrations cd2+ decreas ... | 1987 | 3034196 |
| tubulin post-translational modifications and the construction of microtubular organelles in trypanosoma brucei. | we have used specific monoclonal antibodies to facilitate a study of acetylated and tyrosinated alpha-tubulin in the microtubule (mt) arrays in the trypanosoma brucei cell. acetylated alpha-tubulin is not solely located in the stable microtubular arrays but is present even in the ephemeral microtubules of the mitotic spindle. moreover, there is a uniform distribution of this isoform in all arrays. studies of flagella complexes show that acetylation is concomitant with assembly of mts. there is n ... | 1988 | 3075618 |
| the ability of single sex infections of schistosoma japonicum to induce resistance to reinfection in mice. | in four experiments, mice harbouring an average 50, 76 or over 200 schistosoma japonicum female worms were not resistant when challenged six to eight weeks after infection. the female worms from these single sex infections were stunted and immature (average length 4.6 mm) and induced no overt pathology in the host. male worm burdens of 60, 135 or 140 also induced little or no resistance to challenge in the host. the males from these single sex infections were fully grown for their age (average l ... | 1986 | 3091678 |
| nascent high density lipoproteins from liver perfusates of orotic acid-fed rats. | uniformly fatty livers from orotic acid-fed rats secreted almost no very low density lipoproteins (vldl) but normal amounts of nascent high density lipoproteins (hdl) accumulated in perfusates. when lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (lcat) was inhibited, nascent hdl were uniformly discoidal and lacked cholesteryl esters. lipid and apoprotein compositions of nascent hdl from normal and fatty livers were similar whether lcat was inhibited or not. apolipoprotein b-100 was not detected in perfusa ... | 1986 | 3097228 |
| ampicillin resistant gonorrhoea in hong kong. | | 1986 | 3102346 |
| calcium-promoted translocation of protein kinase c to synaptic membranes: relation to the phosphorylation of an endogenous substrate (protein f1) involved in synaptic plasticity. | the translocation of protein kinase c between membrane and cytosol has been implicated in several cellular processes (kraft and anderson, 1983; wooten and wrenn, 1984; akers et al., 1985, 1986; hirota et al., 1985; wolf et al., 1986). we desired to identify potential trigger mechanisms underlying the translocation of protein kinase c activity to neural membranes following the synaptic plasticity observed after long-term potentiation (ltp; akers et al., 1986). takai et al. (1979) have suggested a ... | 1987 | 3121805 |
| hypoperfusion-induced acute renal failure in the rat: an evaluation of oxidant tissue injury. | reactive oxygen species (ros) have been reported to be critical cellular mediators of experimental ischemic acute renal failure (arf). this conclusion is based on observations that in the renal artery occlusion (rao) model of arf, antioxidant drugs confer protection and that renal malondialdehyde (mda) concentrations, an index of lipid peroxidation, rise in the postischemic period. human ischemic arf is most often due to hypoperfusion, not to total blood flow interruption. therefore, the goal of ... | 1988 | 3124972 |
| coamplification of the hst-1 and int-2 genes in human cancers. | the hst-1 gene, previously designated the hst gene, was identified as a transforming gene by transfection assays of genomic dnas from various types of human cancers. we analyzed for alterations of the hst-1 gene in 18 bladder cancers, 23 renal cell carcinomas and 5 esophageal cancers. although rearrangement of the gene was not detected in any of these samples, amplification of the hst-1 gene was found in 4 samples of tumors, including an invasive bladder cancer, both primary esophageal cancer an ... | 1988 | 3133332 |
| 6-mercaptopurine: total body autoradiograms and plasma concentration-time curves of 6mp and metabolites from marmoset monkeys. | to study the body distribution of 6-mercaptopurine (6mp), [8-14c]6mp was given by infusion to 2 marmoset monkeys at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight/h for 1 and 4 h, respectively. both experimental animals were sacrificed 2 h after the end of the drug infusion and instantly frozen at -70 degrees c. whole-body sagittal sections were made later. blood samples were obtained regularly during the experiments to quantitate 6mp, 6mp riboside (6mpr), 6-thioxanthine, and 6-thiouric acid in plasma. the ... | 1986 | 3153226 |
| variations in number and functional capacity of blood mononuclear cells during the peripartal period in the gilt. | | 1988 | 3195260 |
| clinical parameters of donkeys before and after trypanosoma vivax infection. | | 1988 | 3201022 |
| the human pattern of gyrification in the cerebral cortex. | the degree of cortical folding found in adult human brains has been analyzed using a gyrification index (gi). this parameter permits the description of a mean value for the whole brain, but also a local specific analysis of different brain regions. correlation analyses of the gi with age, body weight, body length, brain weight and volume of the prosencephalon and the cortex show no significant results. gi values do not differ significantly between male and female brains, right and left hemispher ... | 1988 | 3232854 |
| prophylactic parenteral antibiotics in clean neurosurgical procedures: a review. | clean surgical procedures carry a risk of postoperative wound infection that is less than 5% in most hospitals. the use of prophylactic antibiotic agents in clean neurosurgical cases is controversial, and the neurosurgical literature through 1980 contains no controlled clinical trials to study its effectiveness in such cases. a report of 1732 consecutive procedures without a single postoperative wound infection in patients receiving systemic gentamicin, vancomycin, and streptomycin irrigation fl ... | 1988 | 3288725 |
| psychoneurogenic stress influences upon retention of an inhibitory avoidance response in the rat. | hormones and peptides involved in the response of an organism to stress play a modulating role in learning and memory processes. we studied whether psychoneurogenic stressors such as sound stimulation or novelty influence retention of an inhibitory avoidance response. an impairing effect on retention was observed when these stressors were applied shortly after the acquisition trial, but not after a 3-h delay. however, sound stimulation and novelty applied shortly before the retention test may fa ... | 1988 | 3345185 |
| structural organization of the mouse mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase gene. | structural organization of the mouse mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (ec 1.1.1.37) gene was determined by analyzing a genomic dna fragment isolated from a cosmid library. the gene is 12,000 base-pairs long and contains nine exons interrupted by eight introns of various sizes. the 5' and 3'-flanking regions, and the exact sizes and boundaries of the exon blocks including the transcription-initiation sites were determined. in the 5'-flanking region, there is neither a tata box nor a caat box. i ... | 1988 | 3379635 |
| chronopharmacological study of furosemide in rats. | the present experiment was undertaken to determine whether or not the effects of furosemide depend upon the administration time and, if so, to study the mechanism(s) for these variations. after administration of furosemide (5 mg/kg) in wistar rats at 10:00 or at 22:00, urine volume and urinary excretion of sodium, furosemide, and prostaglandin e2 (pge2) were measured. urine volume and urinary excretion of sodium and furosemide, but not pge2, were significantly greater when furosemide was adminis ... | 1986 | 3457231 |
| peripheral blood natural killer cell activity in human breast cancer patients and its modulation by t-cell growth factor and autologous plasma. | the role of clinical status and chemotherapeutic intervention on native and inducible natural killer cell (nk) activity in breast cancer was ascertained by determining the k562 cytotoxicity capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes. the level of nk activity in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy (n = 62) was significantly lower than that observed in patients currently receiving no treatment (n = 56) (at effector: target [e:t] ratios of 20:1, 10:1, and 5:1, 23.8%, 17.9%, and 12.1% versus ... | 1986 | 3487379 |
| separation of the genetic loci for the h-y antigen and for testis determination on human y chromosome. | the mammalian y chromosome encodes a testis-determining factor (termed tdf in the human), a master regulator of sex differentiation. embryos with a y chromosome develop testes and become males whereas embryos lacking a y chromosome develop ovaries and become females. expression of h-y, a minor histocompatibility antigen, may also be controlled by a gene on the y chromosome, and it has been proposed that this antigen is the testis-determining factor. we have tested the postulated identity of h-y ... | 1987 | 3494951 |
| effect of altrenogest and lutalyse on parturition control, plasma progesterone, unconjugated estrogen and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin f2 alpha in sows. | to investigate control of parturition time, 154 sows farrowing 220 litters at three locations were treated with altrenogest and lutalyse (pg). the four treatment groups were: 1) no treatment (control group); 2) an im injection of 15 mg of pg at 1000 on d 111, 112 or 113 of gestation (d 0 = first day of estrus and gestation); 3) altrenogest (20 mg x sow-1 x d-1) fed twice daily for 4 d starting on d 109, 110 or 111; and 4) altrenogest and an injection of pg at 1000 on the day after the last feedi ... | 1987 | 3610870 |
| [data providing a basis for the mac of the cleaning agent "blesk-3" in work zone air]. | | 1987 | 3623181 |
| a scanning electron microscope study on the autonomic groundplexus in the lamina propria mucosae of the guinea-pig small intestine. | the occurrence and fine structure of the autonomic groundplexus in the lamina propria mucosae of the guinea-pig small intestine were studied by scanning electron microscopy after removing connective tissue elements by maceration in hydrochloric acid. transmission electron microscopy was also performed to investigate the fine structure of the neuronal and glial elements in the autonomic groundplexus. nerve fasciculi consisting of neuronal processes and enteroglial cell sheaths formed a three-dime ... | 1987 | 3662754 |
| covalent binding of an nad+ analogue to horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase in a ternary complex with pyrazole. | examination of the model of the fixation site of the adenosine phosphate part of nad+ on horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase led us to synthesize a nad+ analogue n6-[n-(8-amino-3,6-dioxaoctyl)carbamoylmethyl]-nad+ in order to alkylate the carboxylic acid group of asp-273 and to convert the normally dissociable coenzyme into a permanently bound prosthetic group. this nad+ analogue is coupled to the horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase in the ternary complex formed with pyrazole. in these conditions th ... | 1987 | 3665930 |
| distribution of immunoreactive inhibin like material in different regions of human prostate. | distribution of immunoreactive inhibin material (ir-ilm) in different regions of human prostate was studied by using specific radio-immunoassay. mean ir-ilm concentrations in the central, peripheral and periurethral zones were 27.3 +/- 9.3, 2.4 +/- 0.7 and 3.0 +/- 1.5 micrograms/mg protein respectively (p central vs periurethral and peripheral less than 0.05). | 1987 | 3688474 |