| [selective effects of lindane (gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6 hexachlorocyclohexane) on photosynthesis, membrane transport of amino acids and protein synthesis in anacystis nidulans (author's transl)]. | effects of the chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide lindane on membrane transport of two neutrale amino acids in the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans (synechococcus an) were measured. in white light the l-leucine incorporation into the protein fraction was inhibited, increasing with time. after 30 minutes the degree of inhibition was the same as the effect of dcmu (5 x 10(-6) m) on l-leucine incorporation. 14co2-fixation was also reduced at this time. at 717 nm, which enables ps i activity allon ... | 1979 | 94199 |
| phycobiliprotein synthesis in protoplasts of the unicellular cyanophyte, anacystis nidulans. | stable and metabolically active protoplasts were prepared from the unicellular cyanophyte, anacystis nidulans, by enzymatic digestion of the cell wall with 0.1% lysozyme. the yield of protoplasts from intact algal cells was approx. 50%. incorporation of l-[u-14c]leucine into cold trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material from protoplasts preparations was linear for 1.5 h and continued for an additional 2.5 h. incorporation of radiolabeled leucine into hot trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material fr ... | 1978 | 96857 |
| [intracellular oxygen and the radiosensitization of cells of the blue-green alaga, anacystis nidulans]. | the photosynthetic system of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans was inactivated by 30% at a dose of 100 krad of gamma irradiation in n2. if the cells were irradiated in n2+2% co2 in the light, their radiation sensitivity was increased with an oxygen enhancement ratio of 2.0. neither light nor co2 taken separately affected radiosensitization of the cells which increased almost to the same extent as under aerobic conditions in the presence of both light and co2. the intracellular oxygen of the ... | 1978 | 97503 |
| computer method for predicting the secondary structure of single-stranded rna. | we present a computer method utilizing published values for base pairing energies to compute the most energetically favorable secondary structure of an rna from its primary nucleotide sequence. after listing all possible double-helical regions, every pair of mutally incompatible regions (whose nucleotides overlap) is examined to determine whether parts of those two regions can be combined by branch migration to form a pair of compatible new subregions which together are more stable than either o ... | 1978 | 100768 |
| phycobilisomes in spheroplasts of anacystis nidulans. | phycobilisomes in anacystis nidulans can be seen more readily in spheroplasts than in cells with intact walls. | 1978 | 99429 |
| effect of growth temperature on lipid and fatty acid compositions in the blue-green algae, anabaena variabilis and anacystis nidulans. | the lipid composition was affected by growth temperature in anacystis nidulans, but was not in anabaena variabilis. a. variabilis contained fatty acids of 18 and 16 carbon atoms, which were localized at 1- and 2-positions, respectively, of the glycerol moiety of lipids. desaturation of c18 acids was affected by the growth temperature. a. nidulans contained fatty acids of 14, 16 and 18 carbon atoms. monounsaturated and saturated acids were esterified mainly to 1- and 2-position, respectively. des ... | 1979 | 104734 |
| isolation and characterization of photosystem i and ii membrane particles from the blue-green alga, synechococcus cedrorum. | fractions enriched in either photosystem i or photosystem ii activity have been isolated from the blue-green alga, synechococcus cedrorum after digitonin treatment. sedimentation of this homogenate on a 10--30% sucrose gradient yielded three green bands: the upper band was enriched in photosystem ii, the lowest band was enriched in photosystem i, while the middle band contained both activities. large quantities of both particles were isolated by zonal centrifugation, and the material was then fu ... | 1978 | 99171 |
| effect of light on the attachment of cyanophage as-1 to anacystis nidulans. | the effect of illumination on the extent and kinetics of the adsorption of cyanophage as-1 to the blue-green alga (cyanobacterium) anacystis nidulans was studied by using 32p-labeled phage. the initial rate of adsorption was not significantly affected by light. however, at na+ levels used ordinarily to culture the alga ([na+] = 11.7 mm), the total amount of phage adsorbed was doubled in the illuminated cultures, as compared with the dark-grown ones, over a wide range of multiplicities of infecti ... | 1979 | 104977 |
| mutagenesis of free and intracellular cyanophage as-1 by ultraviolet, n-methanyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and acriflavine. | mutagenic actions of ultraviolet irradiation (uv), n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) and acriflavine (photodynamic) were tested in free and intracellular phage as-1 infecting anacystis nidulans iu625. spontaneous and induced mutations with particular reference to host range (h) and minute plaque formation (m) were investigated. the spontaneous mutation frequencies varied from 10(-9) to 10(-8) and from 2 x 10(-5) to 2 x 10(-4) for h and m mutants respectively. uv was efficient in induci ... | 1979 | 108592 |
| excitation energy transfer in anacystis nidulans. | | 1978 | 96822 |
| sulfide inhibition of photosystem ii in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and tobacco chloroplasts. | the present study shows that in the presence of 600 nm light, sulfide acts as a specific inhibitor of photosynthetic electron transport between water and photosystem ii in the cyanobacteria aphanothece halophytica and synechococcus 6311 as well as in tobacco chloroplasts. in the presence of 600 nm light sulfied affects the fast fluorescence transients as does a low concentration (10 mm) of hydroxylamine; the fluorescence yield decreases in the presence of either chemical and can be restored by t ... | 1979 | 109120 |
| continuous cultivation in a chemostat of the phototrophic procaryote, anacystis nidulans, under nitrogen-limiting conditions. | anacystis nidulans was grown photoautotrophically in a chemostat in the presence of light, air and co2 as the sole carbon source. either the amount of the nitrogen source in the medium or light intensity were used as growth-limiting parameters. 1. cells of high glycogen content obtained by pre-incubation under nitrogen starvation conditions maintained their glycogen content during continuous cultivation. both growth rate and the amount of cell-mass and of glycogen depended on the nitrate content ... | 1978 | 96328 |
| photoreactivation of ultraviolet irradiated blue-green alga: anacystis nidulans and cyanophage as-1. | ultraviolet (uv) inactivation and photoreactivation of anacystis nidulans and cyanophage as-1 was studied at different wavelengths. uv inactivation of free phage particles and one and two hour host-phage complexes (intracellular phages) were exponential. uv resistance of plaque forming units was attained at the latter phase of latent period. black, blue and white lights were able to photoreactivate the uv irradiated a. nidulans whereas green, yellow and red lights were not. however, incubation o ... | 1979 | 110290 |
| spectral changes in membrane fragments and artificial liposomes of anacystis induced by chilling. | | 1979 | 111621 |
| polyamines of anacystis nidulans and metabolism of exogenous spermidine and spermine. | several biochemical parameters, including that of polyamine content, accompanying the growth of the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans were studied. at all stages of growth under autotrophic conditions, the organisms were found to be rich in spermidine and lacking in spermine, as is typical of procaryotic organisms. the cells were quite low in putrescine, and no unusual polyamine was observed to be present as a major component. conjugated polyamines were not detected in the cultures. at maximal c ... | 1978 | 96100 |
| estimation of internal ph in cells of blue-green algae in the dark and under illumination. | carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp) or nigericin induced translocation of h+ in the dark across the cell membrane of blue-green algae plectonema boryanum and anacystis nidulans. the direction of the h+ flux depended on the ph of the suspending medium. at acidic ph, an influx of h+ and at alkaline ph an efflux of h+ were observed. it is suggested that the influx takes place at ph's higher than the "internal" ph and the efflux at ph's lower than that. the internal ph was estimated to be ... | 1977 | 72067 |
| regulatory characteristics of a fructose bisphosphatase from the blue-green bacterium anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 41483 |
| mechanism of toxicity of putrescine in anacystis nidulans. | putrescine is lethal to the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans at extracellular ph values at which significant concentrations of the nonprotonated diamine rapidly diffuse into the cell and accumulate as the charged form. although over 98% of the accumulated putrescine is not metabolized, a small fraction is rendered trichloroacetic acid-insoluble, and about 90% of this is bound as putrescinie to proteins and cell structures. various synthetic functions were studied in the presence of a bacteriost ... | 1979 | 40229 |
| uptake and accumulation of putrescine and its lethality in anacystis nidulans. | the rate of uptake of putrescine by anacystis nidulans has been shown to depend on the external ph and the extracellular concentration of putrescine. accumulation of exogenous putrescine was also proportional to the concentration of putrescine in the medium, suggesting that putrescine uptake was not subject to cellular regulation. an equation was derived to test the hypothesis that putrescine accumulation was due to ion trapping. comparison of the predicted and observed intracellular concentrati ... | 1979 | 40225 |
| [effect of lysozyme, ethylenediaminetetraacetate, magnesium and mannittol on spheroplast formation in anacystis nidulans]. | three periods (the lag period and periods of intensive and decelerated spheroplast formation) can be detected in the action of lysozyme on the cells of anacystis nidulans; this seems to be due to peculiarities in the cell wall structure of the cyanobacterium and heterogeneity of the culture. edta at concentrations of 0.175--0.7 mm has effect on the duration of the lag period but increases the rate of spheroplast formation during the subsequent periods. however, the action of edta in complex with ... | 1979 | 113653 |
| distinctive properties of glutamine synthetase from the cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. | the intracellular levels of glutamine synthetase (gs) in anacystis nidulans grown under different conditions were determined using a whole-cell assay. nitrate-grown cells have 64% more gs than cells grown in ammonium sulfate. nitrogen starvation does not affect gs levels appreciably. incubation of nitrate-grown cells with ammonium sulfate does not change the ratio of gamma-glutamyl transferase activities stimulated by mg2+ and mn2+ ions. an in vitro test of adenylylation indicates that algae do ... | 1979 | 38892 |
| the estimation of turnover of spermidine in anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 115329 |
| photosynthetic electron transport and phosphorylation reactions in thylakoid membranes from the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | thylakoid membranes were prepared from the blue-green alga, anacystis nidulans with lysozyme treatment and a short period of sonic oscillation. the thylakoid membrane preparation was highly active in the electron transport reactions such as the hill reactions with ferricyanide and with 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol, the mehler reaction mediated by methyl viologen and the system 1 reaction with methyl viologen as an electron acceptor and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol and ascorbate as an electron do ... | 1978 | 26396 |
| cold-induced uncoupling of energy transfer between phycobilins and chlorophyll in anacystis nidulans: antagonistic effects of monovalent and divalent cations, and of high and low ph. | | 1979 | 115721 |
| dependence of sulphate uptake by anacystis nidulans on energy, on osmotic shock and on sulphate stravation. | sulphate uptake by anacystis nidulans under aerobic conditions in the light was found to be sensitive to metabolic poisons, such as n,n'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone. it was also depressed by darkness. the sulphate absorption is an energy-dependent process. sulphate uptake was also inhibited by chromate and selenate. osmotic shock strongly affected sulphate uptake. this effect could be interpreted by a loss of a binding protein involved in the absorption ... | 1977 | 20862 |
| characteristics of a new cyanophage lysing unicellular cyanobacteria of the genus synechococcus. | a new cyanophage s-2l growing on three strains of the cyanobacterium belonging to the synechococcus genus has been isolated. the cyanophage has an icosahedral head, 56 nm in diameter, and flexible tail with a non-contracting sheath, 120 nm long. over 95 per cent of the cyanophage particles are adsorbed within 10 min, the rate constant of adsorption being 3.2-10(-9) ml/min. the latent period lasts 5 hours, the yield is 100 particles per cell. the intracellular growth is characterized by the accum ... | 1977 | 19685 |
| acetate uptake by the unicellular cyanobacteria synechococcus and aphanocapsa. | | 1977 | 18124 |
| "synthetical" aiptasia mutabilis rapp (coelenterata) (author's transl). | after being cultivated in the dark for some months and after being fed with food free of carotenoids during the time aiptasia mutabilis (coelenterata) loses its symbiontic algae (rich in brown fucoxanthin) and becomes transparent white. this disarranged symbiosis may be regenerated under light cultivation by adding different species of chlorophyceae (chlorella, dunaliella) and chrysophyceae (ochromonas, cyclotella), but not of cyanophyceae (anabaena, nostoc, oscillatoria, anacystis). - this chan ... | 1976 | 8888 |
| toxicity of ammonia to algae in sewage oxidation ponds. | ammonia, at concentrations over 2.0 mm and at ph values over 8.0, inhibits photosynthesis and growth of scenedesmus obliquus, a dominant species in high-rate sewage oxidation ponds. photosynthesis of chlorella pyrenoidosa, anacystis nidulans, and plectonema boryanum is also susceptible to ammonia inhibition. dark respiration and cell morphology were unaffected by any combination of ph and ammonia concentrations tested, thus limiting the apparent effect to inhibition of the normal function of the ... | 1976 | 7192 |
| dissolved organic matter utilization and oxygen uptake in algal-bacterial microcosms. | under closed laboratory conditions, at non-limiting nutrient levels, the biomass of anabaena variabilis, anacystis nidulans, chlorella pyrenoidosa, and selanastrum capricornutum increased with increasing levels of dissolved organic matter (dom) as a result of bacterially produced carbon dioxide (co2) and (or) cofactors. oxygen (o2) produced as a result of algal photosynthesis was sufficient to supply the najority of o2 required by the bacterial community. the percentage of dom utilized by bacter ... | 1979 | 120219 |
| ferredoxin-dependent photosynthetic reduction of nitrate and nitrite by particles of anacystis nidulans. | the dark and light reduction of nitrate and nitrite by cell-free preparations of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans has been investigated. the three following methods have been successfully applied to the preparation of active particulate fractions from the alga cells: (a) shaking with glass beads, (b) lysozyme treatment and lysis of the resulting protoplasts, and (c) sonication. the two enzymes of the nitrate-reducing system-namely, nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase-are firmly bound t ... | 1976 | 4727 |
| temperature dependence of the photosynthetic activities in the thylakoid membranes from the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 103583 |
| isolation, characterization and pathology of the toxin from a microcystis aeruginosa (= anacystis cyanea) bloom. | the nature of the toxicity of a bloom of blue-green alga, m. aeruginosa (= anacystis cyanea), that occurred in a man-made lake was investigated. crude algal bloom extracts were toxic to laboratory mice when injected intraperitoneally. the lethal dose (ld100) of these extracts was 15-30 mg of lyophilized algal bloom per kilogram body weight. the toxin was purified by a procedure that included ammonium sulphate fractionation, solvent extraction, acid precipitation, sephadex g25 and deae-sephadex c ... | 1978 | 103520 |
| affinity chromatography of anacystis nidulans ferredoxin nitrate reductase and nadp reductase on reduced ferredoxin-sepharose. | | 1978 | 103462 |
| calcium and photosynthetic oxygen evolution in cyanobacteria. | calcium activation of oxygen evolution from french-press preparations of phormidium luridum is largely reversible upon removal of added ca(2+). activation occurs via a first-order binding with a dissociation constant of 2.8 mm. an 8-fold increase in oxygen evolution rate observed upon ca(2+) addition is accounted for by a 4-fold increase in the number of active photosynthetic units, and a doubling of turnover rate. while both ca(2+) and mg(2+) stimulate turnover, unit activation is ca(2+) specif ... | 1978 | 102341 |
| fluorescence from sensitizing phycobilin chromophores in the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | regeneration of the pigment system of anacystis nidulans was studied following nitrate starvation. three new, distinct fluorescence bands, at 596, 615 and 636 nm attributed to sensitizing phycobilin chromophores were detected. they each possess a separate excitation band at 425, 395 and 410 nm, respectively. | 1978 | 102340 |
| cyanobacterial phycobilisomes. characterization of the phycobilisomes of synechococcus sp. 6301. | a procedure is described for the preparation of stable phycobilisomes from the unicellular cyanobacterium synechococcus sp. 6301 (also known as anacystis nidulans). excitation of the phycocyanin in these particles at 580 nm leads to maximum fluorescence emission, from allophycocyanin and allophycocyanin b, at 673 nm. electron microscopy shows that the phycobilisomes are clusters of rods. the rods are made up of stacks of discs which exhibit the dimensions of short stacks made up primarily of phy ... | 1978 | 101538 |
| particle aggregation in photosynthetic membranes of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | freeze-fracture electron microscopy demonstrates that in photosynthetic membranes of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans quenched from a temperature below growth temperature, areas devoid of membrane particles occur. we suggest that this phenomenon is related to phase transitions in the photosynthetic membrane. | 1978 | 101241 |
| ultraviolet light-induction and photoreactivation of thymine dimers in a cyanobacterium, anacystis nidulans. | partially photoreactivable mutant of anacystis nidulans demonstrates partial photorepair of thymine dimers. the wild type which is completely photoreactivable at the conditions studied shows higher level of thymine dimer photolysis. | 1978 | 100072 |
| on the nature of the iron sulfur cluster in a deuterated algal ferredoxin. | a protonated and a completely deuterated two-iron algal ferredoxin from synechococcus lividus have been studied by optical, electron paramagnetic resonance, electron-nuclear double resonance, proton magnetic resonance and mossbauer spectroscopies; temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements are reported as well. these studies have confirmed the electron localized model of the active center in the two-iron ferredoxins, as previously deduced from studies of spinach ferredoxin, have ... | 1975 | 172131 |
| formation in the dark, of virus-induced deoxyribonuclease activity in anacystis nidulans, an obligate photoautotroph. | in anacystis nidulans, upon infection with cyanophage as-1, after a lag period of 1 h the level of deoxyribonuclease (dnase) activity increaded rapidly up to 15- to 20-fold in 4 to 5 h in the light. in contrast, the ribonuclease and phosphomonoesterase activities increased significantly only 4 to 5 h after infection, i.e. as late as 1 h prior to lysis. in complete darkness, the nuclease levels remained unaltered. however, when the infected cells were exposed to light for 1 or 2 h after infection ... | 1976 | 177400 |
| covalently closed circular dnas in closely related unicellular cyanobacteria. | plasmids of synechococcus cedrorum and two anacytsis nidulans strains were characterized physically, and a probable instance of spontaneous "curing" is described. | 1979 | 104976 |
| a backflow of electrons around photosystem ii in chlorella cells. | a study was made with a modulated oxygen electrode of the effect of variations of oxygen concentration on photosynthetic oxygen evolution from algal cells. when chlorella vulgaris is examined with a modulated 650 nm light at 22 degrees c, both the oxygen yield and the phase lag between the modulated oxygen signal and the light modulations have virtually constant values between 800 and 120 ergs . cm-1 . s-1 if the bathing medium is in equilibrium with the air. similar results are obtained at 32 d ... | 1979 | 109119 |
| polyphosphate-deficient mutants of anacystis nidulans. | polyphosphate-deficient mutants of anacystis nidulans have been isolated by either ethyl methanesulfonate (ems) or n-methyl nitrosoguanidine (ntg) mutagenesis and penicillin-enrichment techniques. mutagenised stock was preincubated in a medium lacking sulfate, then transferred to a phosphate-lacking medium before penicillin treatment. many single-colony isolates, in contrast to wild-type, show little growth in absence of phosphate, and have altered polyphosphate, and have altered polyphosphate k ... | 1978 | 206328 |
| [electron microscopic data on the mesosomelike and myelinlike structures of blue-green algae]. | the mesosome-like structures of blue-green algae were studied by freeze-etching without preliminary fixation and, in parallel, by a technique of ultrathin sections. these structures were found mainly in synechococcus elongatus and synechocystis aquatilis, less often, in anacystis nidulans and anabaena variabilis, and were not detected in plectonema boryanum. the following types of membrane structures were encountered: (1) formation consisting of three- and five-layered membranes and resembling t ... | 1978 | 212674 |
| lateral and vertical displacement of integral membrane proteins during lipid phase transition in anacystis nidulans. | alterations in membrane structure as a result of lipid phase transitions have been studied in anacystis nidulans, a blue-green alga. cells grown at 38 degrees c were subjected to temperature transitions of 38 degrees c leads to 21 degrees c and 38 degrees c leads to 10 degrees c, previously shown to produce substantial changes in photosynthetic activities, and examined by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. as a result of these treatments, large particle-free regions appeared on the fracture fa ... | 1979 | 109835 |
| [electron microscopic study of thylakoid structure in cyanobacteria]. | two or three thylakoids can be detected in synechococcus elongatus, strain 58, and plectonema boryanum if sections are successful. peripheral thylakoids sometimes seem to be connected with the cytoplasmic membrane. partitions and septa, as well as small electron-dense granules typical of cells which underwent lysis, are found in the intrathylakoidal space. branching of thylakoids is described. particles 16 and 11 nm in size whose possible nature is discussed can be discerned on the fracture face ... | 1979 | 112360 |
| an iron-containing superoxide dismutase from anacystis nidulans. | superoxide dismutase (sod) was isolated and purified from anacystis nidulans to near electrophoretic homogeneity. the enzyme has a molecular weight of 37,500, as determined by gel filtration and sds-gel electrophoresis. the enzyme molecule consists of two subunits of identical molecular weight. proton-induced x-ray elemental analysis (pixe) showed that the sod of a. nidulans is an iron-containing enzyme; the fe:enzyme mol ratio was found to be 1. the epr spectra indicated that the active center ... | 1979 | 222743 |
| the dark respiration of anacystis nidulans. production of hcn from histidine and oxidation of basic amino acids. | the basic amino acids, l-arginine, l-lysine, lo-irnithine, and to a lesser extent l-histidine, strongly stimulate the o2 uptake of cell suspensions of the blue-green alga or cyanobacterium anacystis nidulans. in the case of l-histidine, the extra o2 consumption is associated with the formation in vivo of small amounts of hcn, particularly in an atmosphere of o2. the enzyme responsible for both the stimulated o2 uptake with the basic amino acids and the formation of hcn from histidine has been is ... | 1979 | 223652 |
| [changes in the ultrastructures of anacystis nidulans cells at different temperatures]. | if the cells of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans are put in the unfavourable conditions, the pairs of photosynthetic membranes separate, vacuoles are formed within thylakoids, and degradation of the photosynthetic apparatus occurs the earlier the sooner photosynthetic electron transport stops functioning: after 7--9 days in the dark, after 7--10 days in the light at 5 degrees c, after 5--7 days at 45 degrees c. if the cells are incubated at 5 and 45 degrees c, they become longer and form r ... | 1979 | 112361 |
| changes in phycocyanin-carotenoid association during nitrate starvation of anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 113004 |
| phase separations in membranes of anacystis nidulans grown at different temperatures. | freeze fracture electron microscopy studies were performed on samples of anacystis nidulans quenched from different temperatures. membrane lipid phase separations were observed to take place over the ranges 15--30 degrees c, 5--25 degrees c and -5--15 degrees c for cultures grown at 38, 28 and 18 degrees c, respectively. differential scanning calorimetry heating curves showed endotherms which coincided with these temperature ranges. variations of phase separation temperatures with growth tempera ... | 1979 | 113031 |
| the nucleotide sequence of formylmethionine trna from mycoplasma mycoides sp. capri. | the nucleotide sequence of mycoplasma mycoides sp. capri pg3 formylmethionine trna has been determined, using in vitro labeling techniques, to be pc-g-c-g-g-g-g-s4u-a-g-a-g-c-a-g-u-d (u)-g-g-d-a-g-c-u-c-g-c-c-g-g-g-c-u-c-a-u-a-a-c-c-c-g-g-a-g-g-c-c-g-c-a-g-g-u-psi- c-g-a-g-u-c-c-u-g-c-c-c-c-c-g-c-a-a-c-c-aoh. this trna contains only three modified nucleosides s4u, d and psi, all of which are derived from uridine. both in the structural features which distinguish eukaryotic from prokaryotic initi ... | 1978 | 347398 |
| unusual resistance to ultraviolet light in dark phase of blue-green bacterium anacystis nidulans. | | 1977 | 401948 |
| cyanobacterial evolution: results of 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequence analyses. | we report here the sequences of oligonucleotides released by t1-ribonuclease digestion of the 16s ribosomal rna's (rrna's) of unicellular cyanobacteria agmenellum quadruplicatum (strain bg-1) and synechococcus 7502. we compare them with sequences previously obtained for the 16s rna's of six other cyanobacteria and two chloroplasts, and conclude that: (i) synechocystis-like unicells form a discrete cluster which also (and surprisingly) includes agmenelium quadruplicatum, usually considered to be ... | 1979 | 113061 |
| virus infection affects the molecular properties and activity of glucose-6-p dehydrogenase in anacystis nidulans, a cyanobacterium. novel aspect of metabolic control in a phage-infected cell. | | 1979 | 114419 |
| the role of the calvin cycle for anoxygenic co2 photoassimilation in anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 115715 |
| temperature dependence on the delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll a in blue-green algae. | 1. the delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll a was measured with a phosphoroscope by changing the temperature in a range of room temperatures in intact cells of blue-green algae, anacystis nidulans, two strains of anabaena variabilis and plectonema boryanum, and other kinds of algae, cyanidium caldarium and chlorella pyrenoidosa. the induction of delayed fluorescence remarkably depended on the temperature of measurment. nevertheless, the induction pattern was characterized by three levels of inten ... | 1977 | 403943 |
| macromolecular synthesis in synchronized cultures of anacystis nidulans. | synchronous culture of anacystis nidulans has been induced by the light-dark-light regimen. at various time intervals during synchronous growth, samples were pulsed with radioactive labels to determine phospholipid, protein, ribonucleic acid (rna), and deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) syntheses within the cell division cycle. a temporal order of protein, rna, and dna syntheses occurred within the cell division cycle, whereas phospholipid was characteristically synthesized during midcycle (during cell ... | 1979 | 115841 |
| anaerobic hydrogenase activity in anacystis nidulans. h2-dependent photoreduction and related reactions. | 1. anaerobic hydrogenase activity in whole cells and cell-free preparations of h2-induced anacystis was studied both manometrically and spectrophotometrically in presence of physiological and artificial electron acceptors. 2. up to 90% of the activity measured in crude extracts were recovered in the chlorophyll-containing membrane fraction after centrifugation (144 000 x g, 3 h). 3. reduction of methyl viologen, diquat, ferredoxin, nitrite and nadp by the membranes was light dependent while oxid ... | 1979 | 116679 |
| aerobic hydrogenase activity in anacystis nidulans. the oxyhydrogen reaction. | 1. the oxyhydrogen reaction of anacystis nidulans was studied manometrically and polarographically in whole cells and in cell-free preparations; the activity was found to be associated with the particulate fraction. 2. besides o2, the isolated membranes reduced artificial electron acceptors of positive redox potential; the reactions were unaffected by o2 levels less than 10--15%; aerobically the artificial acceptors were reduced simultaneously with o2. 3. h2-supported o2 uptake was inhibited by ... | 1979 | 116680 |
| herbicidins c and e, two new necleoside antibiotics. | streptomyces saganonensis no. 4075 used for production of herbicidins a and b has also produced other two antibiotics, herbicidins c and e in submerged culture. isolation of the antibiotics was performed by adsorption on resinous adsorbent followed by elution with aqueous meoh and completed by silica-gel chromatography. physico-chemical characteriation revealed that herbicidins c and e are new nucleoside antibiotics having an adenine moiety in their structures. herbicidins c and e indicated inhi ... | 1979 | 117003 |
| effects of simazine on the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | | 1979 | 117857 |
| unstable protein mediated ultraviolet light resistance in anacystis nidulans. | | 1977 | 408712 |
| photosynthetic activity of diimidoester-modified cells, permeaplasts, and cell-free membrane fragments of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | on treating the blue green alga anacystis nidulans with dimethylsuberimidate up to 70% of the free nh2 of the photosynthetic membrane is amidinated, and presumably inter- and intramolecular cross-links are established in the membrane proteins. amidination destroys the ability of a. nidulans to photoreduce hco3(-) but leaves the photochemical activities of photosystems ii and i nearly intact. with added electron acceptors, photosynthetic o2 evolution can be demonstrated both with permeable cells ... | 1977 | 409432 |
| anacystis nidulans mutants resistant to aromatic amino acid analogues. | three classes of mutants of anacystis nidulans were selected on the basis of resistance to fluorophenylalanine and 2-amino-3-phenylbutanoic acid. the most frequent type exhibited dahp synthetase (7-phospho-2-keto-3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptonate-d-erythrose-4-phosphate-lyase [pyruvate phosphorylating], ec 4.1.2.15) activity identical to that of the parental strain. the second type was characterized by extremely low levels of the activity. the third type had a dahp synthetase showing decreased sensiti ... | 1975 | 125268 |
| sodium chloride stimulated respiration of anacystis nidulans. | with certain salts a stimulation of respiration of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans was found in the dark. the stimulation was observed only at high concentrations (10(-2)m--10(-1)m). nacl or licl are the most effective salts and on addition the increase of the respiration is about 2.5fold. li is assumed to function as a substitute for na. potassium salts, except kcl, are ineffective. the order for the effectiveness is: nacl greater than nano3, na2so4 greater than kcl greater than kno3, k2 ... | 1977 | 412332 |
| formation of benzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid in the blue green alga anacystis nidulans: a thylakoid-bound enzyme complex analogous to the chloroplast system. | the photosynthetic procaryote anacystis nidulans converts l-phenylalanine and l-tyrosine into benzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, respectively. results obtained with thylakoid fractions support the hypothesis that the reaction sequence is catalyzed by thylakoid-bound enzyme complexes consisting of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and benzoate synthase of tyrosine ammonia-lyase and p-hydroxybenzoate synthase, respectively. btoh complexes do not accept phenylacetic acids as substrates, and cinnamic ... | 1976 | 138288 |
| preparation of [u-14c]-labelled glycogen, maltosaccharides, maltose, and d-glucose by photoassimilation of 14co2 in anacystis nidulans and selective enzymic degradation. | | 1977 | 143346 |
| cyanobacterial ribonucleic acid polymerases recognize lambda promoters. | we compared the initiation specificities in vitro of deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerases purified from two cyanobacteria, fremyella diplosiphon and anacystis nidulans, and from escherichia coli. a restriction fragment made from lambda deoxyribonucleic acid was used as a template. the cyanobacterial and e. coli ribonucleic acid polymerases recognized the same lambda promoters but exhibited different sensitivities to the inhibitor heparin, suggsesting differences in the st ... | 1979 | 159286 |
| distribution of thioredoxins in cyanobacteria. | the presence of thioredoxin was demonstrated in 20 strains of cyanobacteria as well as in one phototrophic bacterium rhodopseudomonas sulfidophila and in thiobacillus denitrificans. thioredoxin activity was not found in cyanophora paradoxa and in porphyridium cruentum using the thioredoxin-dependent paps-sulfotransferase activity from synechococcus 6301 as assay system. | 1979 | 161845 |
| adsorption of cyanophage as-1 to unicellular cyanobacteria and isolation of receptor material from anacystis nidulans. | cells of unicellular cyanobacteria of typological group ia, containing approximately 50 mol% guanine + cytosine (g+c) in their dna (r. y. stanier, r. kunisawa, m. mandel, and g. cohen-bazire, bacteriol. rev. 35:171-205, 1971), were susceptible to infection by the cyanophage as-1. cyanobacteria of the same typological group, containing approximately 65 mol% g+c in their dna, did not adsorb the cyanophage as-1 or adsorbed it at a low rate. as-1 was not propagated by any of the investigated strains ... | 1978 | 413935 |
| pathways of assimilation of [13n]n2 and 13nh4+ by cyanobacteria with and without heterocysts. | the principal initial product of metabolism of [13n]n2 and 13nh4+ by five diverse cyanobacteria is glutamine. methionine sulfoximine inhibits formation of [13n]glutamine except in the case of gloeothece sp., an organism with a thick sheath through which the inhibitor may not penetrate. thus, glutamine synthetase appears to catalyze the initial step in the assimilation of n2-derived or exogenous nh4+ by these organisms. [13n]glutamate is, in all cases, the second major product of assimilation of ... | 1978 | 418057 |
| temporal genetic mapping in the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans using ethyl methanesulphonate. | cultures of the blue-green alga anacytis nidulans were synchronized with respect to dna synthesis as well as cell division. application of ethyl methanesulphonate at different stages of replication resulted in a peak of mutation frequency for different genetic markers; this peak can be accounted for in terms of the involvement of repair processes. a temporal map of 19 markers has been constructed by this method. comparison of gene position obtained by temporal mapping indicates that either bidir ... | 1975 | 168309 |
| lactate dehydrogenases in cyanobacteria. | nad-linked lactate dehydrogenases specific for the d- and l-lactate have been demonstrated in a number of strains of unicellular cyanobacteria. the d-lactate dehydrogenase of one strain (synechococcus 6716) was partially purified and its properties were studied. the enzyme has a molecular weight of ca. 115000-120000, is highly specific, autooxidizable, and susceptible to inhibition by iodoacetamide, oxamate and atp. the possible physiological functions of the enzyme in the metabolism of the o ... | 1975 | 168830 |
| in vitro repair of uv-or x-irradiated bacteriophage t4 dna by extract from blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | the cell-free extract from blue-green alga anacystis nidulans contains enzymatic activities which repair in vitro transforming dna of bacteriophage t4 damaged by uv light or x-rays. the repair effect of the extract was observed with double-stranded irradiated dna but not with denatured irradiated dna. the level of restoration of the transforming activity depends on the protein concentration in the reaction mixture and on the dose of irradiation. a fraction of dna lesions induced by x-rays is rep ... | 1975 | 169464 |
| resonance raman studies of a c type algal cytochrome. deuterium shifts and a comparison with mammalian cytochrome c. | a c type cytochrome isolated from synechococcus lividus grown on water and 2h2o media, has been studied by resonance raman spectroscopy. the spectra were taken on the oxidized and reduced protein with excitation within the soret band at 441.6 nm to determine whether individual resonance raman bands of the heme shift upon deuterium substitution and also to provide a comparison with the spectra of horse heart cytochrome c. some of the shifts observed with the deuterated heme c are larger than the ... | 1976 | 182237 |
| the roles of c-type cytochromes in algal photosynthesis. extraction from algae of a cytochrome similar to higher plant cytochrome f. | a membrane-bound cytochrome resembling higher plant cytochrome f in many respects has been extracted from the algae chlamydomonas. euglena and anacystis, and partially purified. the spectra of the cytochromes from chlamydomonas and euglena are virtually identical to that of parsley cytochrome f, with alpha-band maxima near 554 nm, very asymmetrical beta-bands, and gamma-band maxima at 421 nm. the cytochrome from anacystis had alpha and gamma-bands both shifted to slightly longer wavelengths. the ... | 1977 | 190006 |
| multiple functions of thioredoxins. | reduced thioredoxins from microbial and plant cells, both of cytoplasmic or chloroplast origin, are interchangeable in stimulating such diverse enzyme activities as ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase (e. coli), paps sulfotransferase (synechococcus), and fructose-1,6-bis-phosphatase (from spinach) in vitro. it is suggested that reduced thioredoxins are unspecific, multifunctional cellular proteins while in contrast the oxidized froms require specific enzymes for their reduction. | 1978 | 212888 |
| the fine structure of the branched alpha-d-glucan from the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans: comparison with other bacterial glycogens and phytoglycogen. | the fine structure of the glycogen from the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans has been examined. after selective hydrolysis of all (1 yields 6)-alpha-d linkages by a bacterial isoamylase, the resulting mixture of linear chains was subjected to gel permeation chromatography. for purposes of comparison, the glycogens from escherichia coli and arthrobacter sp., amylopectin, phytoglycogen from sweet corn, and shell-fish glycogen were treated similarly. the profiles of the unit chains of a nidulans ... | 1975 | 806344 |
| distribution of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (atp)-dependent hexose kinases in microorganisms. | a systematic study of adenosine triphosphate (atp)-dependent hexose kinases among microorganisms has been undertaken. sixteen hexose kinases of five major types were partially purified from 12 microorganisms and characterized with respect to specificity for sugar and nucleotide substrates and michaelis constants for the sugar substrates. glucokinase activities that phosphorylate glucose and glucosamine are inhibited by n-acetyl-glucosamine and xylose, were found to be present in the non-sulphur ... | 1978 | 214181 |
| regulation of phosphate accumulation in the unicellular cyanobacterium synechococcus. | the phosphorus contents of acid-soluble pools, lipid, ribonucleic acid, and acid-insoluble polyphosphate were lowered in synechococcus in proportion to the reduction in growth rate in phosphate-limited but not in nitrate-limited continuous culture. phosphorus in these cell fractions was lost proportionately during progressive phosphate starvation of batch cultures. acid-insoluble polyphosphate was always present in all cultural conditions to about 10% of total cell phosphorus and did not turn ov ... | 1979 | 227842 |
| purification and primary structure of cytochrome c-552 from the cyanobacterium, synechococcus pcc 6312. | cytochrome c-552 (soluble 'cytochrome f') from the unicellular cyanobacterium synechococcus pcc 6312 (atcc 27167) was purified and the primary structure determined. the proposed sequence consists of one polypeptide chain of 87 residues. the sequence was determined by a combination of chemical and enzymatic cleavage, manual and automatic sequencing and mass spectroscopy. this is the first amino acid sequence of this cytochrome from a unicellular cyanobacterium to be determined in a study of the v ... | 1979 | 228936 |
| co2 fixation and its regulation in anacystis nidulans (synechococcus). | anacystis nidulans (synechococcus) had a minimal doubling time of 5 hrs at 30 degrees c at saturating light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration. half maximal growth rates in saturating co2 occured at a light intensity of 0.54 mw per cm2, and there was an apparent threshold intensity of 0.13 mw per cm2 below which no growth occurred. growth rate in saturating light was dependent on the concentration of co2+h2co3 in the medium, rather than on total dissolved co2; half maximal rates were est ... | 1975 | 235244 |
| synchronization of anacystis nidulans. oxygen evolution during the cell cycle. | a new technique of short alternating light-dark periods was successfully used to synchronize the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. oxygen evolution during the cell cycle is characterized by a maximum in the middle of the cycle and by a minimum at the time of division, a pattern very similar to that found in synchronized green algae. | 1977 | 402125 |
| labeling the deoxyribonucleic acid of anacystis nidulans. | analysis of cell-free extracts of anacystis nidulans disclosed the absence of both thymidine phosphorylase (ec 2.4.2.4) and thymidine kinase (ec 2.7.1.21) activities. thymine and thymidine were incorporated inefficiently by intact cells of a. nidulans either in the presence or absence of deoxyguanosine (250 mug/ml). deoxythymidine monophosphate incorporation was also inefficient. radioactive deoxyadenosine, at a minimally toxic level (3 mug/ml), was incorporated effectively into the deoxyribonuc ... | 1975 | 809413 |
| isolation and initial characterization of a uracil auxotroph of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | a uracil-requiring auxotroph of anacystis nidulans was isolated after treatment with n-methyl-n'-nitrosoguanidine. neither precursors in the de novo pyrimidine pathway nor compounds of "salvage" or degradative pathways could replace the uracil requirement. the reversion frequency for mutation to a nonuracil requirement for growth was 2.0 times 10(-8). the calculated average rate of uracil utilization was 1.1 times 10(-17) mol of uracil per unit cell mass/h. the amount of uracil required for the ... | 1975 | 809415 |
| [repair of breaks induced by x-rays in the dna of the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans]. | | 1975 | 810337 |
| inhibition of glutamate transport in synechococcus cedrorum by glutamine. | the absence of glutamate transport in glutamine-grown cells of synechococcus cedrorum r7 was due to feedback inhibition and not repression of transport activity. | 1975 | 810476 |
| leucine biosynthesis in the blue-green bacterium anacystis nidulans. | leucine-requiring auxotrophs of the unicellular blue-green bacterium anacystis nidulans have been isolated. extracts of these mutants were deficient in alpha-isopropylmalate synthetase (ec 4.1.3.12). in wild-type cells, this enzyme was subject to feedback inhibition by leucine. however, formation of the enzymes of leucine biosynthesis was little affected by exogenous leucine in either wild-type or mutant strains. cultures of the latter subjected to extreme leucine deprivation showed no change in ... | 1975 | 810483 |
| influence of ultraviolet irradiation on nutrient-gleaning capacity of two unicellular algae. | two unicellular algae, viz., anacystis nidulans and chlorella vulgaris, growing in polluted effluents, were isolated in unialgal and bacteria free culture. they were mutagenically exposed to ultraviolet radiation and variant strains endowed with differing capacities for growth and nutrient-gleaning were successfully isolated as distinct clones on agar plates. one such clone each of the two species was tested further and found stable. while these variant strains grew more slowly than untreated co ... | 1975 | 810977 |
| coupling between the initiation of dna replication and cell division in the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans. | the effect of mitomycin c on cell mass increase, cell division, rna synthesis and dna synthesis in the blue-green alga anacystis nidulans has been examined. data suggests that the initiation of dna replication, rather than its termination was the necessary event for cell division to occur. | 1977 | 402898 |
| light dependent oxygen uptake by the blue green alga anacystis nidulans. | | 1977 | 402921 |
| similar c-phycocyanins from two strains of thermotolerant cyanophyte mastigocladus laminousus. | c-phycocyanin from two strains of the thermotolerant blue-green alga, mastigocladus laminosus (nz-db2-m and i-30-m), that grow within different temperature ranges have been characterized with respect to aggregation, immunologic properties, subunit composition, and thermodenaturation. the critical thermal-denaturation temperature for phycocyanin from both strains of m. laminosus phycocyanin is 60 degrees c which is higher than that for mesophilic phyococyanin. immunodiffusion studied have shown t ... | 1977 | 406021 |
| chemical and biological studies on the lipopolysaccharide (o-antigen) of anacystis nidulans. | | 1977 | 406872 |
| sequence studies on 16s ribosomal rna from a blue-green alga. | the 16s ribosomal rna of the blue green alga anacystis nidulans has been characterized in terms of the oligomers generated by digestion with t1 ribonuclease. a. nidulans by this criterion is definitely a procaryote; being no more distant from bacilli or enterics than the latter two are from one another. a. nidulans appears to be somewhat more closely related to the bacilli than to the enterics. | 1975 | 813006 |
| dccd induced sodium uptake by anacystis nidulans. | | 1977 | 406873 |
| adaptation by hot spring phototrophs to reduced light intensities. | photosynthesis was measured by the 14c method on natural as well as low light adapted populations of chloroflexus (a photosynthetic bacterium) and synechococcus (a blue-green alga) from hot springs in yellowstone national park (wyoming u.s.a.), to test the ability of these phototrophs to photosynthesize at a variety of light intensities. the herbicide 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea (dcmu) was used to distinguish uptake of the blue-green alga from that of the photosynthetic bacterium, w ... | 1977 | 407880 |
| the reconstitution of anacystis nidulans dna-dependent rna polymerase from its isolated subunits. | the dna-dependent rna polymerase of the blud-green alga anacystis nidulans was reconstituted from its isolated subunits in the absence of urea. applying this technique the kinetics and the subunit requirements of the reconstitution process were analyzed. the results reveal differences with respect to the reconstitution of escherichia coli polymerase. reconstitution proceeds much more slowly in the case of the a. nidulans enzyme. reconstitution here is absolutely dependent on the presence of the ... | 1976 | 814000 |
| an ancient divergence among the bacteria. | the 16s ribosomal rnas from two species of methanogenic bacteria, the mesophile methanobacterium ruminantium and the thermophile methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, have been characterized in terms of the oligonucleotides produced by digestion with t1 ribonuclease. these two organisms are found to be sufficiently related that they can be considered members of the same genus or family. however, they bear only slight resemblance to "typical" procaryotic genera; such as escherichia, bacillus and ... | 1977 | 408502 |