| [multiplication of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in the cytoplasm of the bacterial host]. | the bacterial parasite bdellovibrio bacteriovorus was studied in the process of its interaction with the host bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens. as has been shown by time-lapse microcinematography, along with the normal growth of b. bacteriovorus in the periplasmatic space of the host bacterium, occasionally (4--5%) the parasite is located in the cytoplasm where the complete stage of its intracellular growth takes place with the release of progeny. | 1978 | 97504 |
| [distribution of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus parasitizing pseudomonas fluorescens and serratia marcescens in river water]. | | 1979 | 160878 |
| [health aspects of the study of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus as a natural factor in the self-purification of reservoirs]. | | 1975 | 179245 |
| [effect of temperature on the dynamics of interaction of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with host bacteria]. | the dynamics of the interaction between bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and the host bacterium was found to depend on temperature. the maximum rate of infection was found at 37 degrees c. the maximum yield of bdellovibrio and the maximum lysis of the host cells occurred at 22.5 degrees c. the cardinal points, at which no interaction was observed, have been determined. it is concluded that b. bacteriovorus belongs to mesophilis microorganisms. | 1977 | 333239 |
| bdellovibrio and the intestinal flora of vertebrates. | bdellovibrio strain ms7 force-fed to fish and frogs via an intragastric tube did not become an integral component of the intestinal microflora. strain ms7 fed to mice in drinking water was not recovered from the intestinal tract of mice. however, in vitro, the organism multiplied in intestinal contents of frogs and mice. bdellovibrio inoculated into rabbit ileal loops was greatly reduced in number within 24 h. it was concluded that strains ms7 could be considered nonpathogenic to animals, at lea ... | 1977 | 337896 |
| [fluctuations in the numbers of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and host bacteria in a 2-component system]. | the number of interacting organisms in a two-membered bacterial "bdellovibrio bacteriovorus--bacterium-host" system varied within a long period of time. the variations occurred in the counterphase and had a complicated irregular character with an altering period. the volterra principle of collisions can be applied to this type of interaction between microorganisms. | 1978 | 351340 |
| osmoregulation in symbiosis-independent mutants of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | bdellovibrios capable of axenic growth grow in a cell-free medium at a rate considerably lower than that attainable in a two-membered culture with escherichia coli. the axenic growth rate may be improved either by adjustment of the osmosity of the medium or by the addition of low concentrations of spermine. | 1977 | 327930 |
| [method for culturing bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on an agar gel]. | | 1977 | 320098 |
| [ultrastructure of micropredators of gram-positive bacilli and the degeneration of c perfringens]. | | 1976 | 188562 |
| chemotaxis by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus toward prey. | a chemotaxis assay system that uses a modified boyden chamber was characterized and used for measurements of chemotaxis by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain uki2 toward several bacterial species. bacteria tested included both susceptible and nonsusceptible cells (escherichia coli, pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus megaterium, and b. bacteriovorus strains uki2 and d). none was attractive to bdellovibrios when present at densities below 10(7) cells per ml. chemotaxis toward e. coli was studied mos ... | 1977 | 410796 |
| energy metabolism of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. ii. p/o ratio and atp pool turnover rate. | the p/o ratio of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, strain bd 109 sa, was evaluated by two different methods based on the determination of energy-rich phosphate bonds and either nadh oxidation or oxygen-uptake. p/o values calculated on the basis of nadh oxidation were up to 6, which has to be regarded as being overestimated. p/o values calculated from energy-rich phosphate bonds and oxygen uptake were around 2. the p/o values determined for escherichia coli b were similar. the loss of phosphorylation e ... | 1976 | 179488 |
| [intracellular parasitism of bacteria]. | | 1979 | 459961 |
| glycolytic and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities during intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on escherichia coli. | selected enzyme activities were measured in extracts of the total cell pellets obtained at various times during aerobic intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j on anaerobically grown escherichia coli substrate cells. initially, the glycolytic enzyme activities were associated with the input of e. coli and the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme activities with the input of bdellovibrios. during the first 90 min of bdellovibrio development, the glycolytic activities declined about ... | 1976 | 135759 |
| [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus as a factor in the self-purification of river water]. | | 1976 | 134929 |
| characterization of germination and activation of bdellovibrio bdellocysts. | a simple method of assaying germination of bdellocysts in liquid medium has been devised. bdellocysts can be induced to germinate by any of eight l-amino acids or the monovalent cations k+ and nh4+. l-glutamine was the best individual inducer of germination, although the resulting rate of germination was much slower than in a complex medium. the use of a defined germination medium containing l-glutamine, kcl, and nh4cl produced a faster rate of germination than did complex media. bdellocysts ger ... | 1978 | 618835 |
| membrane-associated, energy-linked reactions in bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | disrupted cells of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus exhibited adenosine triphosphatase activity, 60 to 80% of which was in the soluble fraction. dicyclohexylcarbodiimide did not inhibit the adenosine triphosphatase activity in membrane particles. the particles did not show energy-linked transhydrogenase activity. the activity of non-energy-linked transhydrogenase as well as the rate of oxygen consumption were higher in membrane particles of the host-independent strain than in the host-dependent strain ... | 1976 | 134028 |
| [fatty acid composition of marine microvibrios]. | | 1979 | 111825 |
| [determination of the index of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus in the water of open reservoirs]. | | 1978 | 80485 |
| antigenicity of bdellovibrios. | antigenic relationships between 12 locally isolated bdellovibrios and 3 established reference strains (109d, 6-5-s, and uki2) were investigated. antigenicity of the strains was examined by use of the micro-complement fixation test, the serum and complement bactericidal test, and the immunodiffusion test. antisera were prepared against one of the local strains (ms7) and against one of the established reference strains (uki2). the complement fixation titers suggest a close relationship among all s ... | 1977 | 68711 |
| interactions between bdellovibrio and its host cell. | the bdellovibrios are extremely small bacteria with the unique property of being parasites of other (gram-negative) bacteria. in the presence of viable and susceptible bacteria a bdellovibrio cell physically 'attacks' an individual host cell, attaches to its surface, penetrates the cell wall, and multiples within the periplasmic (intramural) space of its prey. the invading bdellovibrio and its progeny degrade and consume the cellular constituents of the invaded host bacterium. this process final ... | 1979 | 36623 |
| chemotaxis toward amino acids by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | chemotaxis toward amino acids by bdellovibrio bacteriovorous strain uki2 was studied by the capillary technique of adler (j. gen. microbiol. 74:77-91, 1973). chemotaxis was shown to be optimal when the capillaries were incubated at between 15 and 40 degrees c for 30 min; the optimal ph was between 7.0 and 8.2. the chemotactic response was proportional to the density of the suspension of bdellovibrios up to a density of 10(8) cells/ml. b. bacteriovorus was attracted to l-asparagine, l-cysteine, l ... | 1977 | 17594 |
| regulated breakdown of escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid during intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j. | during growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on [2-14c]deoxythymidine-labeled escherichia coli, approximately 30% of the radioactivity was released to the culture fluid as nucleoside monophosphates and free bases; the remainder was incorporated by the bdellovibrio. by 60 min after bdellovibrio attack, when only 10% of the e. coli deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) had been solubilized, the substrate cell dna was degraded to 5 x 10(5)-dalton fragments retained within the bdelloplast. kinetic studies show ... | 1979 | 387743 |
| [biological characteristics of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | | 1979 | 377864 |
| some problems of the ecology and taxonomy of marine microvibrios. | the bactericidal effect of water from the indian and pacific oceans and caspian and white seas on escherichia coli was studied. it is shown that a decrease in the viability of e. coli cells is accompanied by the appearance and active multiplication of small bacteria of a vibrioid form. two strains of such bacteria were isolated from a suspension of e. coli in seawater and purified from membranes of the substrate organism by the method of centrifugation in a ficoll gradient. the marine bacteria o ... | 1978 | 375993 |
| [dynamics of the interaction of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with the bacterial host under aerobic and anaerobic conditions]. | bdellovibrio bacteriovorus can interact with the host bacterium cells under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the dynamics of the interaction between the parasite and the host depended on the regime of incubation. the latent period and the time at which bd. bacteriovorus reached the stationary level became shorter under aerobic conditions. lysis of the host bacterium cells under aerobic conditions proceeded more effectively, at a higher rate, and after a shorter period of the constant titre than ... | 1979 | 370513 |
| [purity criteria for bdellovibrio bacteriovorus cultures]. | two-component cultures of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a bacterial parasite, are not always pure; sometimes they contain microbial forms, different from the host and parasite, which cannot be isolated by conventional techniques of inoculation on solid growth media. the only way to isolate them is to apply techniques used for the reversion of l-forms of bacteria. the isolated microorganisms have been identified. the criteria of purity were established for two-component cultures consisting of the h ... | 1975 | 809647 |
| further taxonomic characterization of the genus bdellovibrio. | cultures of bdellovibrio isolated from different geographic locations have been studied in terms of deoxyribonucleic acid analysis (% g + c, genome size, and dna hybridization), cytochrome spectrum, and host range. isolates of the genus exhibit a broad range of % g + c ranging from 37 to 51% and the genome sizes extend from 1300 x 10(6) to 1700 x 10(6) daltons. dna hybridization continues to reveal a high level of genetic heterogeneity. bdellovibrio 3294 exhibits 32% relative reassociation to bd ... | 1978 | 369668 |
| metabolism of rna-ribose by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus during intraperiplasmic growth on escherichia coli. | during intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j on escherichia coli some 30 to 60% of the initial e. coli rna-ribose disappeared as cell-associated orcinol-positive material. the levels of rna-ribose in the suspending buffer after growth together with the rna-ribose used for bdellovibrio dna synthesis accounted for 50% or less of the missing rna-ribose. with intraperiplasmic growth in the presence of added u-14c-labeled cmp, gmp, or ump, radioactivity was found both in the resp ... | 1978 | 363699 |
| intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j: solubilization of escherichia coli peptidoglycan. | during penetration of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus into escherchia coli, two enzymatic activities, a glycanase and a peptidase, rapidly solubilized some 10 to 15% of the e. coli peptidoglycan. the glycanase activity, which solubilizes peptidoglycan amino sugars, came to a sharp halt with completion of the penetration process. peptidase activity, which cleaves diaminopimelic acid residues from the peptidoglycan, continued, but at a decreasing rate. by 90 min after bdellovibrio attack, some 30% of t ... | 1978 | 357428 |
| intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j: attachment of long-chain fatty acids to escherichia coli peptidoglycan. | during the initial stages of intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on escherichia coli, the peptidoglycan of the e. coli becomes acylated with long-chain fatty acids, primarily palmitic acid (60%) and oleic acid (20%). the attachment of the fatty acids to the peptidoglycan involves a carboxylic-ester bond, i.e., they were removed by treatment with alkaline hydroxylamine. their linkage to the peptidoglycan does not involve a protein molecule. when the bdelloplast peptidoglycan was ... | 1978 | 357411 |
| intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j: n-deacetylation of escherichia coli peptidoglycan amino sugars. | during intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on escherichia coli, the substrate cell peptidoglycan is extensively modified as it is converted to bdelloplast peptidoglycan. the initially lysozyme-sensitive peptidoglycan of e. coli was rapidly converted to a lysozyme-resistant form. the conversion was due to the n-deacetylation of a large portion of the peptidoglycan amino sugars. chemically acetylating the isolated peptidoglycan restored its sensitivity to lysozyme digestion. howe ... | 1978 | 357410 |
| intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on heat-treated escherichia coli. | heat treatment (55 degrees c for 40 min) of cell suspensions in buffer (ca. 3 x 10(9) cells per ml) of escherichia coli ml35 caused a 4- to 4.5-log loss of cell viability. similar results were found for several other e. coli strains that were examined. as a result of this heat treatment, 260-nm- and 280-nm-absorbing materials were released into the suspending buffer, along with about 10% of the total cellular radioactivity, when cells uniformly labeled with (14)c were used. in comparison with un ... | 1978 | 346559 |
| growth of host dependent bdellovibrio in host cell free system. | a particulate, subcellular fraction of escherichia coli was shown to promote the growth of host dependent (h-d) bdellovibrio in the absence of host cells. the growth promoting activity was enhanced by both cations and trypisn, and destroyed by pronase. during the axenic growth unipolar spheres appear in the elongating bdellovibrio forms. thymidine monophosphate was more readily incorporated than thymidine into the bdellovibrio dna during growth in the host free system. | 1978 | 345991 |
| effects of nuclei acid compounds on viability and cell composition of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus during starvation. | | 1978 | 345990 |
| isolation of a small rod with lytic activity against vibrio parahaemolyticus from fresh sea water. | a small rod, capable of formine crater-like plaques on lawns of vibrio parahaemolyticus, was isolated from a marine environment. the isolate was a gram-negative straight rod with round ends and was small in size, equal to that of halophilic bdellovibrio strain 5501. the isolate appeared to have close taxonomic relationships to cytophaga, since this bacterium moved slowly in a gliding manner on a solid agar surface, hydrolyzed agar and starch, contained yellow pigment and was halophilic. the isol ... | 1976 | 1018344 |
| [purification of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus of the cells and membranes of the bacteria hosts]. | | 1978 | 342570 |
| [several features of the antigenic structure of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | a method of growing bdellovibrio bacteriovorus (bdv) based on the use of the host microbe in the state of reduced vital activity permitted to obtain bdv cultures which could be used for the preparation specific antisera. immunochemical analysis of 4 bdv strains showed them to possess individual antigenic components localized in the alpha 2-globulin zone. testing 17 bdv strains isolated from natural water bodies showed 11 of them to form precipitation lines with the antisera to 4 bdv strains. | 1977 | 409009 |
| elongation and cell division in bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | elongation and division of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus were studied in axenic synchronous cultures. the cells elongate unidirectionally from one end attaining a length of several "unit cells", and then divide into the corresponding number of cells. the length of the filament and, consequently, the progeny number, vary within the range of two to several dozen cells, according to the conditions used. a protein and a low molecular weight component are required for normal division. | 1977 | 410384 |
| [ultrastructural characteristics of bdellovibrio chlorellavorus]. | intracellular and extracellular polar lamellar systems were detected in bdellovibrio chlorellavorus, the obligate parasite of chlorella. they were observed in negatively contrasted preparations and thin sections. these systems are considered as an essential character of the bacterium, being connected with its parasitic behaviour. | 1979 | 423805 |
| membrane damage and incorporation of escherichia coli components into bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | cytoplasmic membrane of e. coli is degraded within 20 min following infection with bdellovibrio. 50% of cellular 42-k is lost during the first 10 min. the cytoplasmic membrane, 20 min after infection, centrifugated on a sucrose gradient produces a wide band containing the main enzyme activities (succinic dehydrogenase and lactic dehydrogenase) bound to the membrane. the incorporation into bdellovibrio of labelled host cell constituents during intracellular growth has been studied at successive i ... | 1975 | 1096504 |
| [interaction between bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and cholera vibrios in sewage]. | | 1979 | 499847 |
| chemotaxis of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus toward pure compounds. | positive chemotaxis by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain uki2 was measured for 139 compounds. twenty-one compounds were attractants; sensitive attraction was elicited by acetate, propionate, thioacetate, malonate, cis-oxalacetate, d-glucose-6-phosphate, acetyl coenzyme a, ammonium ion, barium ion, manganous ion, and potassium ion. several of the attractants for b. bacteriovorus strain uki2 also were attractants to strains 6-5-s and 114; however, strains 109d and 109j were not attracted by the co ... | 1979 | 500565 |
| penicillin-induced formation of osmotically stable spheroplasts in nongrowing bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | bdellovibrio peptidoglycan is of typical gram-negative composition. the molar ratios of alanine:glutamic acid:diaminopimelic acid:muramic acid:glucosamine were about 2:1:1:1:1. nascent, nongrowing bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j were converted from highly motile vibrios to highly motile spheres when shaken in dilute buffer plus penicillin, cephalothin, bacitracin, or d-cycloserine. the spherical forms contained essentially no sedimentable peptidoglycan; i.e., they were spheroplasts. spheroplasts ... | 1978 | 641013 |
| [detection of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus bacteria in the body of animals]. | | 1979 | 761809 |
| effect of virginiamycin on the growth cycle of bdellovibrio. | the two components of virginiamycin, virginiamycin m (vm) and virginiamycin s (vs), were used to explore the life cycle of symbiosis-dependent and -independent strains of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus during multiplication in a two-membered system with either living or heat-inactivated escherichia coli or in axenic cultures. relatively high concentrations of these inhibitors separately were required to stop growth under all the conditions, but the minimum inhibitory concentration of the single comp ... | 1976 | 769670 |
| lysis of sphaerotilus natans swarm cells by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | six strains of sphaerotilus natans (smooth form) were lysed by five parasitic strains of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. the possible use of bdellovibrio to control the proliferation of s. natans in the environment was hypothesized. | 1975 | 1147607 |
| bdellovibrio as symbiont; the associations of bdellovibrios with other bacteria interpreted in terms of a generalized scheme for classifying organismic associations. | | 1975 | 785671 |
| relationship of bdellovibrio elongation and fission to host cell size. | the extent of bdellovibrio growth, and hence progeny produced in infected cells, appears to depend upon host cell size as determined from the ratio of ultimitate length of bdellovibrio to host cell area calculated from light microscopy. | 1976 | 789349 |
| [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus as an active factor of self purification of surface waters under hygienic aspects]. | | 1975 | 1229192 |
| [intracellular membrane structures of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus during development in the bacterial host cell]. | electron microscope investigation of intracellular membrane structures of bd. bacteriovorous during its intracellular growth and development has been carried out. increased amount of membrane structures has been stated. along with simply organized invaginations of plasmalemma, complicated membrane structures resembling mesosomes of grampositive bacteria are observed. localization of these structures testifies to their involvement in the synthesis of exotoxins and exoenzymes. | 1976 | 797074 |
| interaction between bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and the cytoplasmic membrane of escherichia coli b. | adsorption of bdellovibrio bacteriovours (bdv) on the surface of escherichia coli is accompanied by a sharp decrease in the initial rate of entry of alpha-methylglucoside-c-14 and thiomethlgalactopyranoside-c-14 into the host cell. interaction between the parasite and e. coli leads to the rapid departure of previously accumulated labeled glucosides and beta-galactosides from the bacteria. meanwhile the atpcontent in e. coli falls sharply. adsorption bdv e.coli spheroplasts was established as a f ... | 1975 | 803849 |
| [characteristics of spheroplast formation in the bacterial host in the process of interacting with bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | | 1975 | 806155 |
| response of neisseria gonorrhoeae to bdellovibrio species. | bdellovibrio species are small, highly motile bacteria that are predators upon other bacteria in nature. bdellovibrios attach to, penetrate, replicate within, and destroy prey that share the general characteristic of gram negativity. the lipopolysaccharide moiety of the cell membrane of target microorganisms appears to contain the principal receptor site for bdellovibrio attachment. since gonococci also contain lipopolysaccharide that is similar in many respects to that contained within gram-neg ... | 1976 | 814101 |
| alterations in the cell wall of spirillum serpens vhl early in its association with bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109d. | in both freeze-etched and critical-point dried preparations examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, respectively, the outer surfaces of the cells of spirillum serpens vhl assume a wrinkled appearance 10-15 min after challenge by bdellovibrion bacteriovorus 109d. this wrinkling effect is believed (on circumstantial evidence) to be caused by the bdellovibrio's disruption of the cell wall lipoprotein of the spirillum. with the exception of those topological changes caused by wrin ... | 1976 | 818972 |
| [periodic changes of populations in a prey-predator system: escherichia coli-bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | the prey-predator system escherichia coli-bdellovibrio bacterivorus was investigated in a very poor medium. optical density recording and numerations of the bacterial species showed synchronous oscillations of the concentration of both microbial populations. | 1976 | 820469 |
| [electron microscopic study of the flagellae of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | | 1977 | 859458 |
| [artificial immobilization of the two-membered bacterial system bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109d--escherichia coli b in polyacrylamide gel]. | the interaction of a parasite with a host was studied in the two-membered bacterial system, bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109d and escherichia coli b, immobilised in polyacrylamide gel (paag). the parasite localised inside the host cells was found to be more resistant to the toxic action of paag components than free b. bacteriovorus. the latter lost its mobility and was inactivated in the matrix of the carrier whereas the intracellular parasite had a normal cycle of development in the periplasm of ... | 1990 | 2074852 |
| characterization of bdellocysts of bdellovibrio sp. | bdellovibrio sp. strain w will infect and produce resting cells, termed bdellocysts, in a variety of gram-negative bacteria. bdellocysts appeared to be produced only within susceptible prey and never in their absence. optimum conditions for encystment included infection of stationary-phase prey cells in 0.05 m potassium phosphate buffer (ph 7.5) at concentrations of prey and bdellovibrios of 2 x 10(9) cells per ml with a multiplicity of infection of unity. bdellocysts contained more deoxyribonuc ... | 1977 | 873888 |
| ultrastructural changes during encystment and germination of bdellovibrio sp. | under proper conditions, bdellovibrio sp. strain w cells develop into bdellocysts in appropriate prey bacteria. after attachment and penetration of the prey cell, the encysting bdellovibrio began to accumulate inclusion material and increase in size, and was surrounded by an outer layer of amorphous electrondense material. the cytoplasm of the encysting cell appeared more electron dense, and nuclear areas appeared more compact. during germination of bdellocysts, the outer wall was uniformly brok ... | 1977 | 873889 |
| effect of light on bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | bdellovibrio underwent photooxidation by visible light in the presence of exogenous photosensitizer and by near-ultraviolet light (325 to 400 nm) in its absence. the colorless, host-dependent wild type was more sensitive to the lethal effect of light than was its pigmented, facultative parasitic mutant. the latter's ability to form colonies was much more sensitive to light than was its plaque-forming capability. the biosynthesis of the mutant pigment was inhibited by diphenylamine, though this i ... | 1977 | 885837 |
| [ii. the process of spontaneous bacteriolysis in water and micropredator bacteria]. | in her conference presented in public health school in ankara in june 1975, the author summarizes the present knowledge on spontaneous bacteriolysis process in water and gives information on the bacteria which are thought to be mostly responsible for auto-purification of water, with special emphasis on bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strains. | 1976 | 933897 |
| effects of methotrexate on intraperiplasmic and axenic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the intraperiplasmic growth rate and cell yield of wild-type bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j, growing on escherichia coli of normal composition as the substrate, were not markedly inhibited by 10-3 m methotrexate (4-amino-n10-methylpteroylglutamic acid). in contrast, the growth rate and cell yield of the mutant 109ja, growing axenically in 0.5% yeast extract +0.15% peptone, were strongly inhibited by 10-4 and 10-3 m methotrexate. thymine, thymidine, and thymidine-5'-monophosphate, in increasing ... | 1975 | 1090593 |
| utilization of nucleoside monophosphates per se for intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | during growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on escherichia coli, there was a marked preferential use of e. coli phosphorus over exogenous orthophosphate even though the latter permeated into the intraperiplasmic space where the bdellovibrio was growing. this preferential use occurred to an equal extent for lipid phosphorus and nucleic acid phosphorus. exogenous thymidine-5'-monophosphate competed effectively with [3h]thymine residues of e. coli as a precursor for bdellovibrio deoxyribonucleic ac ... | 1975 | 1090594 |
| incorporation of long-chain fatty acids of the substrate organism by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus during intraperiplasmic growth. | data are presented showing that a large proportion of the fatty acids of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grown intraperiplasmically are derived unaltered from the fatty acids of its substrate organism. those fatty acids of the bdellovibrio not homologous with those of the substrate organism are derived mainly by metabolic alteration of preexisting fatty acids in the latter. de novo synthesis from acetate occurs only to a small extent. these characteristics of bdellovibrio physiology are in part respo ... | 1975 | 1090595 |
| energy efficiency of intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the y-atp (energy efficiency) of intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus was determined from the distribution of radioactivity of the substrate organism ([u-14c]escherichia coli) btween co2 and bdellovibrio cells at the end of growth. a "best" y-atp value of 18.5 was obtained from single growth cycle experiments and an average value of 25.9 from multicycle experiments. both values are much higher than the usual value of 10.5 for bacteria growing in rich media. the bases for the unu ... | 1975 | 1090596 |
| application of the deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid hybridization technique in bdellovibrio as a model for studying ribonucleic acid turnover in host-parasite systems. | the kinetics of host ribonucleic acid (rna) degradation and its resynthesis into bdellovibrio-specific polyribonucleotides has been studied. the kinetics of rna turnover was followed during a one-step synchronous growth cycle of bdellovibrio growing within 32-po4-labeled escherichia coli host cells. the species of labeled rna present at any given time was ascertained through the specificity of the deoxyribonuclei acid (dna)/rna hybridization technique. at nearsaturating levels of rna and at zero ... | 1975 | 1096825 |
| ribonucleic acid destruction and synthesis during intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | during growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on (2-14c)uracil-labeled escherichia coli approximately 50% of the radioactivity is incorporated by the bdellovibrio and most of the remainder is released as free nucleic acid bases. kinetic studies showed that 50 and 30s ribosomal particles and 23 and 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rna) of e. coli are almost completely degraded by the first 90 min in a 210- to 240-min bdellovibrio developmental cycle. synthesis of bdellovibrio ribosomal rna was first ... | 1975 | 1097411 |
| sizing of bdellovibrio during growth. | a technique for the counting and relative sizing of host-independent bdellovibrio during growth, with the aid of a modified coulter counter, is described. | 1975 | 1100613 |
| symbiosis-independent and symbiosis-incompetent mutants of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j. | symbiosis-independent (sin) mutants were isolated from the symbiosis-dependent and symbiosis-competent (sdcomp+) bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j. independently isolated sin mutants were examined for their symbiosis competence and most were found to be comp+. bdellovibrios comp- were selected from the sincomp+ mutants. the sincomp+ bdellovibrios are always at a selective disadvantage, either against sincomp- bdellovibrios (in organic medium) or against sdcomp+ bdellovibrios (in buffer with escher ... | 1975 | 1104576 |
| a volatile factor inducing transmissible lysis in gaeumannomyces graminis (sacc.) arx and olivier var. tritici walker. | filtered water extract of gabalong soil with a recent history of take-all in wheat caused lytic plaques to form in agar cultures of a virulent strain of gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. the plaques resembled those produced by bdellovibrio on plate seeded with bacteria. however, there was no evidence of the presence of bacteria, viruses, or mycoplasmas. the lytic factor was transmissible in culture filtrates to fresh subcultures of the fungus. exposure of young healthy colonies to sublethal ... | 1975 | 1116042 |
| structure, synthesis, and post-transcriptional modification of ribosomal ribonucleic acid in bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the structure, synthesis, and post-transcriptional modifications of 23-s and 16-s ribosomal rnas (rrnas) have been studied in the facultatively parasitic bacterium, bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. the mature 23-s and 16-s type of rrnas in bdellovibrio are larger than the analogous molecules in escherichia coli by at least 1.0 - 10(5) and 0.5 - 10(5) daltons, respectively, and have a conformation different from e. coli rrnas as judged by relative electrophoretic mobilities in polyacrylamide gels with ... | 1976 | 791372 |
| [detection of bdellovibrios and bacteriophages in the seawater near the shores]. | the frequency of occurrence of bdellovibrios and intestinal bacteriophages at the sites of contamination in the sea and along the sea shore and at the points remote from the sources of contamination was studied. at the contaminated sites bdellovibrios were revealed in 73.3-100% and bacteriophage in 75-83.4% of the samples. there was found to be a moderate correlative association between the bdellovibrios, bacteriophages and the coli titre. in the water of the shore region of the sea bdellovibrio ... | 1976 | 795231 |
| verification of the protein in the outer membrane of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus as the ompf protein of its escherichia coli prey. | two research groups showed that several bdellovibrio strains incorporated into their outer membranes intact ompf porin proteins derived from their escherichia coli prey. these results could not be reproduced by another group using bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j. they showed that a major protein appearing in the bdellovibrio triton x-100-insoluble outer membrane was coded for by the bdellovibrios. we reconciled these results by examining the strain used by this group and by reviving a freeze-dri ... | 1987 | 3542968 |
| effect of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus infection on the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system in escherichia coli: evidence for activation of cytoplasmic proteolysis. | intact cells of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus strain 109j were found to be incapable of taking up 14c-methyl alpha-glucoside, mannitol or fructose, and extracts derived from these cells exhibited negligible activities of the protein components of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (pts). escherichia coli strain ml35 cells exhibited high in vivo sugar uptake activities that were progressively lost over a period of 2 h at 30 degrees c following the entry of b. bacteriovorus into ... | 1992 | 1322553 |
| comparative biology of intracellular parasitism. | | 1985 | 3900672 |
| acquisition of apparently intact and unmodified lipopolysaccharides from escherichia coli by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the ability of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus to relocalize the ompf major outer membrane porins from its escherichia coli prey to its own outer membranes is diminished in prey expressing smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-lps). since porins exist in the membrane complexed with lps, we examined the lps associated with relocalized porin to determine whether it had been acquired intact, mixed or replaced with bdellovibrio lps, or derivatized by the bdellovibrios. the relocalized trimers were found associate ... | 1992 | 1373716 |
| a conjugation procedure for bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and its use to identify dna sequences that enhance the plaque-forming ability of a spontaneous host-independent mutant. | wild-type bdellovibrios are obligate intraperiplasmic parasites of other gram-negative bacteria. however, spontaneous mutants that can be cultured in the absence of host cells occur at a frequency of 10(-6) to 10(-7). such host-independent (h-i) mutants generally display diminished intraperiplasmic-growth capabilities and form plaques that are smaller and more turbid than those formed by wild-type strains on lawns of host cells. an analysis of the gene(s) responsible for the h-i phenotype should ... | 1992 | 1400153 |
| identification of a bdellovibrio bacteriovorus genetic locus, hit, associated with the host-independent phenotype. | bdellovibrios invade and grow within the periplasmic space of suitable gram-negative bacteria. wild-type bdellovibrios are obligately dependent on host cells for growth, but spontaneous host-independent (h-i) mutants that grow axenically on standard rich culture media can be isolated. such mutants generally retain the ability to grow intraperiplasmically, although the plaques that they produce on lawns of host cells are smaller and more turbid than those produced by wild-type bdellovibrios. here ... | 1992 | 1400154 |
| bdellovibrio host dependence: the search for signal molecules and genes that regulate the intraperiplasmic growth cycle. | | 1992 | 1522057 |
| effect of paracrystalline protein surface layers on predation by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | we determined that paracrystalline protein surface arrays (s layers) protected gram-negative eubacteria from predation by bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. aquaspirillum serpens vha and mw5 and aquaspirillum sinuosum were resistant to predation by b. bacteriovorus 6-5-s when fully covered by their s layers. the s layer of aeromonas salmonicida a449 protected the cells from predication by b. bacteriovorus 109j. a predacious, plaque-forming vibrio that lysed an s-layer- variant of caulobacter crescentus ... | 1991 | 2007549 |
| a new model for the penetration of prey cells by bdellovibrios. | bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j and most other bdellovibrios cause prey cells to round following penetration. bdellovibrio sp. strain w does not cause rounding of the prey. analysis of enzyme activities during the early stages of bdellovibrio attack indicated that strain w differs from most other bdellovibrios in that there is no glycanase activity produced during penetration. likewise, heat-killed prey were penetrated normally by strain 109j, but the resulting bdelloplast did not become round a ... | 1990 | 2185219 |
| prey-derived signals regulating duration of the developmental growth phase of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | the filamentous elongation typical of growth-phase cells of the predatory bacterium bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is mediated by regulatory signals that are derived from the prey cell itself. these signals regulate the differentiation of growth-phase cells into the attack phase and appear to be required for continued filamentous growth by prey-dependent wild-type bdellovibrios and their prey-independent mutant derivatives alike. using a prey-independent bdellovibrio strain, we have developed an ass ... | 1990 | 2193927 |
| isolation and preliminary characterization of bacteriophages for bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | ten bacteriophages that attack and lyse saprophytic strains of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus were isolated. morphological, serological, and host-range studies revealed that there were four different bdellovibrio phages present among the isolates. one of the phages lysed a strain of b. bacteriovorus that requires the presence of a suitable bacterial host for growth. the phage attached to the bdellovibrio cells in the absence of the bacterial host cells; lysis occurred only in the presence of host ce ... | 1972 | 4116140 |
| the incidence of bdellovibrio spp. in man-made water systems: coexistence with legionellas. | bdellovibrios have been isolated from surface waters but there are no reports of its occurrence in mains water supplies. one hundred and thirty five water samples from 81 sources were examined for the presence of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and legionella spp. bdellovibrios were isolated by a double-layer agar technique with two strains of legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 as the host organisms. bdellovibrio spp. were isolated from 57.8% and legionella spp. from 9.5% of the samples. the two spec ... | 1990 | 2398030 |
| [research, education and environmental health related to pollution in the gulf]. | at italian-russian international conference on "rôle of the university on ecological education and training", was illustrate six topics of 30 years of our scientific and didactic activity on environmental hygiene, here below summarized: i. at first time, sludges of biological treatment plants and domestic sewage were frequently utilized under bacteriological control as economical and ecological fertilizers of land and waters. at present such a custom is very rare owing the chemical pollution of ... | 1989 | 2483627 |
| isolation of a bacteriophage for bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | a phage infective for bdellovibrio bacteriovorus was isolated. electron microscopy revealed that it is tail-less, has a hexagonal appearance and two distinct capsomere layers, and is 60 to 70 nm in size. the nucleic acid appears to be single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid. this is the first report of the isolation of a phage infective for b. bacteriovorus. | 1970 | 4191817 |
| isolation of the saprophytic strain of mc-3 and participation of the cell surface structure in predation. | from a predatory bacterium, mc-3, a mutant strain which lost predation ability was isolated by chance selection. biological properties of the mutant were the same as the parent except only saprophytic property. properties of the parent and the mutant strains of mc-3, such as bacteriolytic activity of the culture supernatant, digestion of peptidoglycan of the host bacteria, and growth by utilizing the host cells or their cytoplasmic substances, suggested that cell surface structure of the host ce ... | 1989 | 2622396 |
| unbalanced growth as a normal feature of development of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. | in this study we have investigated the rates and spatial patterns of chromosome replication and cell elongation during the growth phase of wild-type facultatively prey-independent mutant strains of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. for the facultatively prey-independent mutants, the total dna content of synchronously growing cultures was found to increase exponentially, as the multiple chromosomes within each filamentous cell replicated simultaneously. cell mass, measured as total cellular protein, al ... | 1989 | 2818131 |
| penetration of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus into host cells. | electron microscopy reveals that, in bdellovibrio infection, after the formation of a passage pore in the host cell wall, the differentiated parasite penetration pole is associated with the host protoplast. this firm contact persists throughout the parasite penetration and after this process is completed. in penetrated hosts this contact is also apparent by phase microscopy. the association between the walls of the parasite and the host at the passage pore, on the other hand, is transient. bdell ... | 1974 | 4208138 |
| [dynamic characteristics of interactions between the micropredator bdellovibrio bacteriovorus and the bacterium-host as a function of their relative initial densities]. | | 1974 | 4211068 |
| [bdellovibrio bacteriovorus--the first case of parasitism of bacteria with other bacteria]. | | 1968 | 4236731 |
| bdellovibrios: recycling, remodelling and relocalizing components from their prey. | the predatory bdellovibrios acquire all their growth requirements by preying upon other gram-negative bacteria. they reutilize biosynthetic monomers, remanufacture the prey's lipopolysaccharide, and relocalize specific outer membrane proteins from the prey to their own outer membranes. this lifestyle occurs without loss of the biosynthetic potential for axenic growth. | 1988 | 2856309 |
| penicillin-binding proteins of bdellovibrios. | we examined the predacious gram-negative bacterium bdellovibrio bacteriovorous 109j and free-living strains 109j-a1 and 109j-ka1 derived therefrom for penicillin-binding proteins (pbps). we compared their pbps with those of the host bacterium, escherichia coli, and with those of a facultatively predacious bdellovibrio, b. stolpii uki2, grown axenically. the multiple pbps of the 109j strains and of uki2 differed from each other and from those of e. coli, which suggests that screening for pbps may ... | 1988 | 3042760 |
| factors affecting the survival and growth of bacteria introduced into lake water. | the populations of pseudomonas sp. b4, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, micrococcus flavus, and rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli declined rapidly in lake water. the initially rapid decline of the two pseudomonads and r. phaseoli was followed by a period of slow loss of viability, but viable cells of the other species were not found after 10 days. the rapid initial phase of decline was not a result of bdellovibrio spp., bacteriophages, or toxins in the water since bdellovibrio spp. ... | 1988 | 3060035 |
| [intracellular development of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus]. | the intracellular growth of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a bacterial parasite, was studied by a light-optical method using time-lapse cinemicrography. the organism was found to be capable of growth in the periplasmic space of filamentous cells of the host bacterium pseudomonas fluorescens without any contact with the cytoplasmic membrane. several b. bacteriovorus cells could grow simultaneously in the bdelloplasm. | 1986 | 3102907 |
| some energy-producing systems in bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, strain 6-5-s. | | 1968 | 4386240 |
| [comparative studies on the content of long-chain, branched and non-branched fatty acids of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a saphrophytic mutant, and escherichia coli]. | | 1971 | 4400130 |
| metabolism of periplasmic membrane-derived oligosaccharides by the predatory bacterium bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109j. | membrane-derived oligosaccharides (mdo), a class of osmotically active carbohydrates, are the major organic solutes present in the periplasm of escherichia coli and many other gram-negative bacteria when cells are grown in a medium of low osmolarity. analyses of growing cells of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a gram-negative predator of other bacteria, have confirmed that they also synthesize a characteristic mdo-like class of oligosaccharides. the natural growth environment of bdellovibrios is the ... | 1988 | 3276663 |
| [halotolerant forms of bdellovibrio in the silt and water of lake balkhash and the aral sea]. | | 1974 | 4461735 |
| [methods of concentrating and separating bdellovibrio bacteriovorus from host cells]. | | 1972 | 4551565 |